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Journal articles on the topic 'Ukrainian emigration'
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1
Studinski, Volodymyr, and Galina Studinskа. "Ivan Franko about the emigration of ukrainians : historical and economic analysis in the context of modernity." University Economic Bulletin, no. 38 (July 3, 2018): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2018-38-112-117.
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The article attempts to consider the labor emigration of Ukrainians through the work of Ivan Franko in the historical and economic aspect. The writer 's views and position on the problems of labor emigration of Ukrainians in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries are discussed, as well as parallels with modern emigration processes are conducted. Attention is drawn to the description of the methods, means and mechanisms that were used to emigrate Ukrainians, which were covered in the scientific and literary work of Ivan Franko. It also explains the up-front factors that have prompted Ukrainians to emigrate, in particular labor, and attempts to analyze the positive and negative effects of Ukrainian emigration processes in different historical periods through the prism of Ivan Franko work. Also, the relationship between land ownership and Ukrainian emigration abroad is traced. It is emphasized that many questions raised by Ivan Franko have not lost their relevance in the present historical period. Ivan Franko in a number of his publications makes an attempt to understand the reasons for the emigration of the complex - economic, political, domestic, and environmental. In particular, he is one of the first not only among Ukrainian but also European researchers to draw attention to the deterioration of the ecological component and its direct impact on the emigration processes of the population. Also, the ideological and propaganda aspect in the influences on the emigration of Ukrainians. Particularly visible in the works of Ivan Franko, the inability of state and municipal government to quickly influence the process of emigration. The article gives a brief description of the research of this problem in the works of Ivan Franko by Ukrainian scholars. The urgency of this problem has gained a new sound today, as Ukraine received free access to the world labor market, and also found itself at the epicenter of a geopolitical conflict between civilizational warfare, which, in turn, influenced the qualitative and quantitative indicators of emigration.
2
Antoniuk, Tеtiana. "YURIJ TYSHCHENKO AS A PUBLISHER OF UKRAINIAN BOOKS IN EMIGRATION." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 26 (2020): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2020.26.2.
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The publishing activity of Yurij Tyshchenko (Siryi) in Ukraine and emigration (1907–1953) as one of the brightest representatives of the process of Ukrainian revival of the first half of the XX century is traced. It is analysed the efforts of a prominent Ukrainian on business in the awakening of national consciousness, forming of identity, knowledge dissemination among the great masses of Ukrainians, distribution of Ukrainian books in Ukraine and in the world through organizing and operation of publishing houses "Dzvin", "UT Publishing House (Yurij Tyshchenko)", active public activity. It is updated the book products of the publishing houses, managed by Yu. Tyshchenko, from the fund of the Foreign Ukrainistics Department of the Bibliology Institute of Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. Special attention is paid to scientific, popular science, educational and children's book. There are given content and book characteristics and there are found out the ways of distribution of the Ukrainian book in emigration conditions. There are traced the relationship of the enterprises managed by Yu.Tyshchenko with Ukrainian establishments, organizations and public associations in emigration and in Ukraine. On the example of activity of Yu. Tyshchenko in emigration, it is shown the complexity of publishing process organization and the life and activities of Ukrainian political emigration abroad. Considerable attention is paid to the works of Yu. Tyshchenko himself, prepared, published and reprinted in Ukraine and the diaspora. The personal connections and cooperation of Yu. Tyshchenko with prominent Ukrainian scientific, political and public figures of the first half of the XX century are revealed. Attention is accented on the contribution of a prominent Ukrainian figure in the development of Ukrainian book publishing, book distribution, Ukrainian cultural and national revival. On the example of Yu. Tyshchenko's activity in emigration, the complexity of the organization of the publishing process and the life and activity of Ukrainian political emigration abroad is shown.
3
Zubyk, Andrii. "Modern Ukrainian diaspora in Canada and the USA." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 52 (June 27, 2018): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2018.52.10175.
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The current state of the Ukrainian diaspora, which is living in Canada and the United States, is analysed in this article. The Ukrainian diaspora in these countries has more than a century history. It is the second (Canada) and the third (USA), after the Russian Federation in the world by the number of Ukrainians. More than a third of the total number of Ukrainians outside of our country is overall living in Canada and the United States. The results of the census conducted in these countries, including their ethnocultural component, ethnicity, country of origin, native language and the language usually spoken at home were information basis of the study. In accordance with the results of the census, which reflect the resettlement and ethnolinguistic conformity of the Ukrainian diaspora, the author maps in the environment of program ArcMap are created. The Ukrainian diaspora resettlement in terms of provinces (Canada) and states (the USA) is analysed in the article. As a result of the late XX–early XXI century census, changes in its settlement is also revealed. It was found that Canadian Ukrainian diaspora lives mainly in the provinces, where Ukrainian emigration had begun. In the US, with the appearance of the fourth “wave” of Ukrainian emigration its resettlement has changed: unlike the early twentieth century when Ukrainians mostly arrived in Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio at present Ukrainians prefer emigration to the states of Washington, Oregon and California. The study found that the Ukrainian diaspora in these countries, despite the preservation of their ethnic origin, undergo significant linguistic assimilation. According to census found that in Canada and the USA minor ethnolinguistic conformity of the Ukrainian diaspora. The territorial regularity in ethnolinguistic conformity of Ukrainian diaspora: the smaller in number Ukrainian diaspora, the higher ethnolinguistic conformity are traced. Key words: Ukrainian diaspora, assimilation, entho-linguistic conformity, immigration, settlement, native language.
4
Denysiuk, Serhiy. "THE MISSION OF POST-WAR UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION IN THE WORKS OF YURI SHEVELOV." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 29 (2021): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.29.10.
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The article examines the role of the famous Ukrainian scientist Yuri Shevelov in coming to an understanding of the mission of Ukrainian emigration, which after the end of the Second World War found itself in displaced person camps. Emphasis is placed on the program performances of Yuri Shevelov during 1945-1949, which account for the activities of the Ukrainian Art Movement - the association of Ukrainian writers in exile. In this environment, important and relevant issues for national life were freely discussed, discussions were held on the problem of preserving the identity of Ukrainians outside the homeland. It is claimed that in his works Yuri Shevelov made an in-depth analysis of the situation in which the Ukrainian emigration found itself, described this time as a stage of exhaustion, disappointments and trials. The psychological features caused by these circumstances brought on different reactions in the present time, which turned out to be: in the works of emigrant writers. The critic was concerned about the rise of conservative and restorationist sentiment among Ukrainian emigrants, and considered the loss of time and provincialism to be the greatest threat to emigration. The scientist considered the mission of post-war emigration to be the creation of modern literature that would combine common to mankind issues and have a distinct national character. Yuri Shevelov considered the creation of a deeply original, truly Ukrainian national style as a consolidating factor of literary and artistic life in the conditions of emigration to be the leading tendency of modern literary life. It is emphasized that in the person of Yuri Shevelov are dealing not only with a person who proclaimed the program principles of the organization of exiles from Ukraine and contributed to its effectiveness, but also with a researcher whose reflections help to better understand the phenomenon of the third wave of Ukrainian emigration.
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Pylova, Ol’ga A. "THE MAIN STAGES OF THE FORMATION OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA IN THE UNITED STATES." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, no. 4 (2021): 86–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2021-4-86-101.
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The article focuses on the emigration of Ukrainians to the US and the formation of a Ukrainian diaspora there. Emigration from ethnic Ukrainian territories began at the end of the nineteenth century and has continued to the present day. The generally accepted periodisation considers five waves of emigration (before 1914, 1914–1945, 1945–1986, 1986–2014 and after 2014) and therefore five stages of the diaspora formation. As the study shows, the stages or waves of emigration from Ukraine largely coincide with the migration processes in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and finally in the post-Sovi- et space, but there are also a number of differences that need to be understood. The diaspora issues were often linked to issues of emigrant self-determination, identity formation as well as the policies of the recipient state. Political, social, educational and other organisations have been formed within the diaspora over the course of its existence, with the diaspora institutionalisation pro- cesses varying according to the specific historical period. In the context of the continuation of the next stage of Ukrainian emigration to the United States and the evolution of the diaspora today, a historical and genetic study of the transmigration of Ukrainians overseas and the formation of diaspora structures acquires particular relevance.
6
Utkin, Oleksandr. "HIGHER AGRARIAN SCHOOL OF UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION (1922–1935)." Kyiv Historical Studies, no. 1 (2018): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2018.1.94102.
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In the article on the basis of factual material, archival documents it is analysed the history of foundation and work of the Ukrainian Agricultural Academy (here in after referred to as the UHA) in Czechoslovakia (1922–1935) as a polytechnic-type higher education institution, functioning on the traditions of Ukrainian free science, culture and patriotism. The importance of the topic is due to the inadequate study of the history of the Ukrainian emigration in the Western countries, the activities of its scientifi c, educational, cultural and other institutions, their role in preserving Ukrainian, national and cultural values, which became the basis for the further development of science, education and culture for Ukrainians abroad. The subject of our research is the Higher Agricultural School of the Ukrainian emigration in Czechoslovakia. The methodological base of research are historical and comparative, typological, genetic, systematic methods used for a comprehensive study. The Academy has made a signifi cant contribution to the intellectual development of person, national and cultural values of the united Ukraine. Achievements of the Academy in the personnel training, research and publishing industry refl ect the ideas of Ukrainian scholars at knowledge as a factor of socio-economic growth of the welfare of the people and deepening the infl uence on the establishment of national consciousness, the struggle of Ukrainians for independence. Scientists of the Academy collaborated with international organizations, participated in the work of international scientifi c forums, were recognized by the world scientifi c community, which indicates the maturity of an emigrant private high school. For the history of Ukraine it is very important the comprehensive analysis of the functioning of Ukrainian educational and scientifi c structures, such as the Ukrainian Agricultural Academy in the Podebrady (Czechoslovakia), which during 1922–1935, actively trained highly educated personnel in agro-forestry, economically-cooperative and engineering faculties. It students wanted to learn successfully accumulated human knowledge of their specialties, distribute them, and if necessary to work in Ukraine combining science and production, to raise the economy of the republic to the level of advanced Western countries.
7
Sydorenko, Andrii. "Ukrainian Studies Direction in the Cultural and Scholarly Activity of the Ukrainian Military Emigration of the 20th-Century Interwar Period." Ukrainian Studies, no. 1(78) (May 20, 2021): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.1(78).2021.224214.
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The purpose of this article is to investigate the specifics of Ukrainian studies in the cultural and scholarly activities of the Ukrainian military emigration. Based on its archival documents and research publications, such issues are covered: the origins of cultural and scholarly activities of the Ukrainian military emigration in view of its internment in 1920–1921; the place of the Ukrainian studies direction in the activities of scientific military societies and respective museum departments; Ukrainian studies aspects concerned by the representatives of the Ukrainian military emigration in their scientific works.The research process provided such results: the cultural and scientific activities of the Ukrainian military emigration stemmed from the work of the Military Section of the Ukrainian Diplomatic Mission and cultural and educational commissions, which provided camp soldiers with lectures on Ukrainian studies, literary and theatrical arts, and library work. The activities of scientific military societies and museum departments presented the direction of Ukrainian studies in the collection of archival documents and materials on the National Liberation War of 1917–1921, publication of thematic editions, lectures on Ukrainian history, and participation in ceremonial and memorial events, which were conducted in the academic environment of the Ukrainian emigration. In their research works, representatives of the Ukrainian military emigration touched upon aspects of the history of Ukraine during the National Liberation War of 1917–1921, the Cossacks, Ukrainian ethnography and geography. They managed to have accumulated significant intellectual outcome in the field of Ukrainian studies, which is still relevant today. The achievement of the author of the study is a synthesis created on the basis of a comprehensive study of sources and historiography, which consider the problem of Ukrainian military emigration in the interwar period in the light of Ukrainian studies, which is quite unusual for the respective field of domestic historiography. This made it possible to obtain new conclusions.
8
Yablonskyi, Vasyl. "Problems of Foreign Policy Choice of the State Center of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in 1939–1940." Kyiv Historical Studies 13, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2021.218.
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The Second World War was viewed by Ukrainians abroad and in Ukraine as a potential chance to restore Ukraine’s independence. At the beginning of the war, the main political forces of the Ukrainian emigration interfered in a state of mutual confrontation. Each of them tried to attract international contacts for support. The article examines the process of finding foreign policy allies by the State Center of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in exile at the first stage of World War II (1939–1940). The main attention is paid to the political processes in this part of the Ukrainian emigration, the disunity and the presence of three governing centers (in France, Czechoslovakia and Poland) and the foreign policy orientations of the emigration government of the Ukrainian People’s Republic. For the first time, the document”Letters from the leading circles of the UPR” is published, which attempts to justify the need for a foreign policy alliance with Germany and criticizes the “francophilism” of some figures of the State Center of the UPR in Europe and America. The hypothetical circle of emigration politicians who could be the authors of these documents and their addressees is outlined. Attention is drawn to the fact that the conclusion of foreign policy agreements with Germany in the interwar period was a well-established practice for many countries at that time (France, England, the USSR, etc.). The reasons for the disinterest of the main players in world politics at this stage in the restoration of Ukraine’s independence are emphasized. As the government’s emigration status and military actions did not help preserve the archives, documents belonging to this period of Ukrainian history and diplomacy have come down to us in limited numbers. Publication and analysis of documents of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in exile, which relate to the foreign policy concepts of the Ukrainian emigration government, allow to more fully reveal the vision of ways to restore Ukraine’s independence after its territories were part of the USSR, Poland, Romania and Czechoslovakia.
9
Єрмак, Ю. І., and О. В. Бунчук. "ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ВІЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ 1921-1945 РР." Spiritual-intellectual upbringing and teaching of youth in the 21st century, no. 3 (2021): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142//2708-4809.siuty.2021.87.
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The publication examines the activities of the Ukrainian Free University as a research center formed by Ukrainian emigration to Europe in the interwar period. The authors’ attention is focused on the activities of this institution as a socio-cultural institution that allowed Ukrainians abroad to preserve their national identity.
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Yaruchyk, Olha. "Emigracja ukraińska w Rzeczypospolitej dwudziestolecia międzywojennego: w kierunku rozwoju własnej tożsamości." Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 51, no. 2 (August 16, 2021): 187–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.607.
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The article considers the political, legal, economic and cultural life of the Ukrainian political and artistic emigration on the territory of the Polish state in the interwar period. It describes the activity of the Ukrainian Central Committee, the only official institution in Poland at that time, which represented the interests of Ukrainian emigrants, and the carried out cultural and educational activities in emigration centres. The focus is on Warsaw, which was the largest centre of social and scientific life as well as a cultural and educational centre of Ukrainian emigration.
11
Kryskov, Andriy. "Politics of the Ukrainian SSR/USSR on Ukrainian Emigration in Czechoslovakia (1920s)." Науковий вісник Чернівецького національного університету імені Юрія Федьковича. Історія 2, no. 48 (December 15, 2018): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/hj2018.48.122-129.
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During the 1920s, the leadership of the Ukrainian SSR / USSR conducted an active policy of eliminating, including physical, emigration from the former Russian Empire. Emigration was regarded as a threat to the existence of the USSR, it was organized on the rejection of Bolshevism. It was a means of propaganda against Bolshevism in the world scene. To reduce the activity of emigrants, amnesties were periodically proclaimed; another powerful form of struggle was the powerful propaganda of the achievements of the communist regime by influence agents. In the 1920s, Czechoslovakia became the center of activity for various Ukrainian political parties and movements. Ukrainian higher educational institutions functioned here and until 1923 there were organized military formations (Soviet agitators were active among students and interned military. Soviet diplomatic missions and consular offices controlled and supported (both ideologically and financially) their activities. To a large extent and as a result, Ukrainian emigrants in Czechoslovakia did not create a single association, and most of them recognized the Soviet government and returned to the Ukrainian SSR / USSR.
Keywords: Ukrainian SSR, Ukrainian emigration, Czechoslovakia, repatriation
12
Zubko, Olha. "Scientific and technical discoveries of the 1920s and Ukrainian emigrationin in the Interwar Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1939)." Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, no. 9 (347) (2021): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2021-9(347)-146-156.
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This article informs about the impact of scientific and technological progress of the 1920s on everyday life of the Ukrainian emigration center in the interwar period of Czechoslovakia in 1918-1939. First of all, it is referred to technological novelties of the period in 1921-1929: cinematography, television, automobile manufacturing, fashion, medical industry, telegraph, and bank and post transfers. The proposed topic has not been submitted to the scientific audience yet, as far as the life of the Ukrainian emigration in the interwar of Czechoslovak Republic was considered mainly in the context of political and sociocultural work both emigrants themselves and the latest Ukrainian, Czech and Slovak historians. It is focused on two pointsin the proposed scientific intelligence: consideration of the everyday life of anti-Bolshevist emigration and of the lives of Ukrainian immigrants in Czechoslovakia which were arbitrarily distributed for four periods: 1918-1921, 1921-1925, 1925-1933, 1933-1939, all of which had its own specific features. Consideration of the Ukrainian everyday emigration life in the years 1921–1929 in the interwar of Czechoslovakia carried out with the help ofrecollection, memoirs, postal correspondence (letters) and archival documentation. Therefore, it implies the usage of general methods of the scientific research: analysis, analogy, historical and logical methods. The emigrational routine is a farsighted direction of the historical research, because it is the history of the small vivid worlds, peculiar alternative to the researches which are focused on global political and social processes and events.Everyday life is not minted in special decrees or laws;it is notrecorded in programs and speeches, as far as political and state history, and it is not honed by the financial gains in the economy, and by the cultural monuments, though it always exists like air, it goes unnoticed as time.
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Kahamlyk, Svitlana. "CONFRONTATION IN THE CIRCLES OF UKRAINIAN INTERWAR EMIGRATION: TWO VISIONS OF PRESERVATION OF THE NATIONAL MONUMENTS." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 28 (2021): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.28.10.
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The aim of the article is to analyze the specifics of archival and museum activities of Ukrainian emigrants of the 20s - 30s of the XX century and finding out the essenсe and reasons for their differences of opinion on the preservation of Ukrainian archival heritage. The phenomenon of Ukrainian interwar emigration was a unique phenomenon in Ukrainian history and culture given the importance of its functioning in all spheres - state, political, cultural. Characterizing the conditions and specifics of the second wave of Ukrainian emigration, it should be noted that it was complicated by material shortages and lack of consolidated unity, which led to the confrontation of certain groups in solving various problems of everyday emigration. Based on the analysis of published and out-of-date archival materials, the article concludes that there was no common vision in the circles of Ukrainian interwar emigration on the protection of national monuments, which caused confrontation between its separate groups. The causes of the conflict largely lay in the party affiliation of the conflicting parties (the Petliurists, represented by the State Center of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile and the Ukrainian Socialist Revolutionaries), through whose prism the preservation of Ukrainian monuments was considered. Party interests were placed above national ones, resulting in a lack of understanding and a loss of unity of Ukrainian patriotic forces.
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Sukhobokova, Olha. "The Attempt of Ukrainian Socialists to Create the United National Front in Emigration in the First Half of the 1920s." Науковий вісник Чернівецького національного університету імені Юрія Федьковича. Історія 2, no. 48 (December 15, 2018): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/hj2018.48.88-94.
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The article is devoted to coverage the discussion of the Ukrainian socialists on the creation of a united national front іn emigration in the first half of the 1920's. The initiators of the association were the Prague group of the Ukrainian Party of Socialist-Revolutionaries and V.Vynnychenko. The Ukrainian Socialists Democrat’s foreign group and other Ukrainian socialist parties were involved in cooperation. The article analyzes the concepts of the united national front of the initiators of the association – V.Vynnychenko, M.Shapoval and N. Hryhoriev, as well as attempts by the Ukrainian socialist revolutionaries to consolidate the socialist and democratic forces of Ukrainian political emigration. The most successful was the cooperation of Ukrainian socialists in Ukrainian civil committee in the Czechoslovakia, which helped Ukrainian refugees, and the Ukrainian magazine «New Ukraine». But the creation of a political association at that time failed. However, the attempt to consolidate had powerful social and cultural implications and cooperation experience.
Keywords: the united national front on emigration, the Prague group of the UPSR, V. Vynnychenko, M. Shapoval, N. Hryhoriev
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Kobchenko, Kateryna. "HOUSE OF UKRAINIAN SCIENCE IN MUNICH: PAGES OF INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF UKRAINIAN POST-WAR EMIGRATION." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 29 (2021): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.29.12.
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The article investigates the history of creation of the House of Ukrainian Sciences as an umbrella association of three Ukrainian scientific institutions: Ukrainian Free University (UFU), Ukrainian technical-husbandry Institute (UTHI) and European section of the Shevchenko Scientific society (NTSh) beginning from the idea of its creation in the early 1960es till 1991 and including short overview of its activity. This structure had an executive body – Working and Promoting Association of Ukrainian Sciences as a form of Ukrainian-German collaboration in organization of three over mentioned Ukrainian research institutions‘ activity. Thanks to it the Ukrainian Institutions could proceed their work: in the case of the Ukrainian Free University in both teaching and research aspects and by UTHI and NTSh in their scientific work. Such formal association allowed to provide organizational support and research planning of the Ukrainian scientific institutions, assure their financial assignment, which to the big part was given by German authorities, and organize controlling of the use of money. From the other side, the House of the Ukrainian Sciences founded 1963 allowed more affective internal and external cooperation of the Ukrainian scientific institutions by prevention of the autonomy status of each them. That in its turn allowed proceeding of activity of these Ukrainian scientific institutions in Germany as well as the further development of the of Ukrainian emigration‘s intellectual tradition in the whole. House of Ukrainian sciences became an important cultural and intellectual center of Ukrainians abroad and a mediator between them and German, further – European culture.
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Zymomrya, Mykola, and Ivan Zymomrya. "THE NATURE OF THE ACTIVITIES OF UKRAINIAN AND POLISH ÉMIGRÉSFROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF OLEKSANDR KOLIANCHUK’S ASSESSMENTS." Polish Studies of Kyiv, no. 35 (2019): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2019.35.135-143.
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In the article the nature of the activities of Ukrainian and Polish political émigrésis outlined through the assessments of a Ukrainian and Polish historian Oleksandr Kolianchuk (1932) with a reflection on the transcendental value of Ukrainian-Polish interactions and their intercultural significance for the Ukrainian and Polish neighboring peoples during the twentieth century. The topic offered is closely connected with the problem of political emigration, that is with the problem, which can be considered in different dimensions of social character in general and socio- cultural dimension in particular. The article (book) deals with the role of the representatives of the Ukrainian emigration in the Polish science and culture. This problem includes well-reasoned unity which is useful for the Ukrainian-Polish cultural ties in the 20-30th of the XX century. This circle of problems was studied by a well-known historian Oleksandr Kolianchuk from Peremyshl. Scientific works of the Polish outstanding scientist, socio-cultural figure were not enough estimated. Our attention is caught by conceptually new Kolianchuk’s approach to the solving of unsolved tasks of his predecessors by his rich historical-documentary base, which gives panoramic imagination of a great role of Ukrainian military emigration in preserving state-unity traditions of the Ukrainian people, especially after the dramatic defeat of national-liberatory struggle of 1917 – 1921. Scientific works of the scientist make special impression if we consider the facts, events studied by him in the light of the analysis of the parallels, which create a certain chain between the epochs of Bohdan Kchmelnytsky, Ivan Mazepa, Mykchailo Hrushevsky, Symon Petlura, Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Avhustyn Voloshyn, Andriy Sheptytsky. It goes without saying that it should be done much for studying those prior identificators which are characteristic for the Polish emigration on the one hand and the Ukrainian emigration on the other hand.
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Sorochuk, Liudmyla. "RESEARCHES OF IVAN OHIJENKO IN UKRAINIAN STUDIES FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF HIS SCIENTIFIC POSITION IN EMIGRATION." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 28 (2021): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.28.17.
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The article raises the issue of the importance of Ukrainian studies by Ivan Ogienko, as a representative of the Ukrainian intellectual elite in emigration, because his works influenced the progress of cultural, educational and spiritual life of Ukrainians both in our country and abroad. It is known that he is one of the founders of Ukrainian science and education and an outstanding Ukrainian educator of the twentieth century. The role of preserving national identity, spiritual values, patriotism of the outstanding scientist, teacher, linguist, culturologist, public and church figure, Ivan Ogienko, through the prism of hard work, incredible diligence, stability and consistency in scientific research is emphasized. Attention is focused on the fact that the Ukrainian scientist was the bearer of national and cultural ideas and spiritual values of his people. The opinion is confirmed that the world recognition of I. Ogienko / Metropolitan Ilarion was brought by fundamental works on the history of Ukrainian culture, language, history of the church, which have not lost their scientific significance even today. The scientist-researcher made dictionaries, headed the Ministry of Education of the Ukrainian People's Republic, and being in emigration – headed the Ukrainian autocephalous Orthodox Church. It is worth mentioning the most common and used translation of the Bible into Ukrainian, on which Ivan Ogienko worked for more than 45 years. The article analyzes I. Ogienko's scientific achievements during the emigration, which significantly strengthened Ukrainian studies, and also considers the works "Pre-Christian Beliefs of the Ukrainian People", "Ukrainian Culture", "Serve the People - Serve God: Theological Studio" and others. The book "Our Life Abroad: Ideological and Historical Essays" by Ivan Ogienko, published in Winnipeg (Canada), where the author spoke about the difficult life of Ukrainian emigrants abroad, deserves attention and listening. I. Ogienko describes how important it is to preserve one's national identity, culture and native language in a foreign country. It is concluded that national culture has great potential for the establishment of Ukraine in the world cultural space, and the life and scientific and educational work of Ivan Ogienko became an example for many researchers in studying the socio-cultural heritage of the Ukrainian diaspora.
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Sydorenko, Natalya, and Oksana Dubetska. "Uncompromising Patriot and Citizen Oleksandra Chernova-Zhyvotko." Obraz 33, no. 1 (2020): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/obraz.2020.1(33)-73-79.
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The article examines journalistic activities of Oleksandra Chernova-Zhyvotko in emigration, clarifies the topic of her publications in the Ukrainian periodicals of Poland, USA, Canada and other countries. The object of the study is primarily monthly journal «Vilna Ukraina / Free Ukraine» (Detroit, New York, USA, 1954–1972) and some other periodicals. Methods of monitoring, press clipping, comparison and generalization are used. As an active author of the journal «Vilna Ukraina / Free Ukraine», O. Chernova-Zhyvotko mostly published the articles related to the world or Ukrainian women’s movement, the achievements of Ukrainian women in the political, literary and social fields.
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Kurbet, Oleksandra. "Intellectual migration from Ukraine: a historical and economic essay." Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni 2019, no. 52 (2019): 189–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.189.
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The article presents a retrospective analysis of the Ukrainian population intellectual migration, its factors and motives. The author singled out the displacement of Ukrainian intellectuals, who had the most significant influence on the Ukraine’s development. In different periods, such migrations were caused by the colonial position of Ukraine as a part of different empires. This position caused the outflow of the intellectuals to the metropolises, because they provided more opportunities. Ukrainian intellectuals made trips to Muscovy to translate, to teach students and to teach children languages, beginning in the second half of the 16th century. At the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries, the Ukrainians – mostly alumni and teachers of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy – became leaders of European culture and education in Muscovy. One of the important factors of intellectual migration was the political harassment of Ukrainians. The most crucial – in the meaning of intellectual losses – were following events: the emigration of Ivan Mazepa and his followers in the beginning of the 18th century; the publication of the Emsky decree in 1876; "The Philosophy Steamer" in 1921–22; and the establishment of Bolshevik-Soviet authority on the Ukrainian lands. The last one was analysed with the use of the conventional approach to the determination of the waves of massive migration of Ukrainian population. It was found that the largest outflow of intellectuals occurred within the second (interwar) and the third (after World War II) waves. This outflow became one of the factors that destabilized Ukraine's economic development and reduced this country’s institutional capacity. The author concludes that the outflow of intellectuals to the metropolises likewise the political emigration inevitably led to the exclusion of well-educated and active individuals from ethnic Ukrainian lands. However, emigration made it possible for intellectuals to survive, to reproduce intellectually and to educate the later generations, especially in the Soviet period. In conclusion, the author warned that the proposed results should not be seen as a call to restrict the mobility of intellectuals, as this could dam-age the scientific system as a whole. Instead, the author proposed to promote academic mobility as a tool to enhance the professional level of Ukrainian scientists and to create a competitive scientific environment in Ukraine.
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Antoniuk, T. "REPRESENTATION OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA'S SCHOLAR AND EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES IN THE USA IN THE PUBLICATIONS OF UKRAINIAN STUDIES." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 132 (2017): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2017.132.1.01.
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In this paper we explore scholar and educational activities of the Ukrainian Diaspora in the United States. We showcase the role of the Ukrainian Diaspora's researchers in investigation of various aspects of knowledge about Ukraine. Their activities ensured the preservation of Ukrainian identity in the Diaspora and promoted the formation of Ukrainian national identity in Ukraine during the struggle for the Ukrainian independent state. The Ukrainian Diaspora in the USA plays a significant role in state-building processes in the independent Ukraine. Ukrainian educators and scholars had dedicated their lives to theoretical and practical research. Their indefatigable studies influenced a lot independent Ukraine, its science and culture. Studying Ukrainian centers for science and education in emigration, including those United States, is an important part Ukrainian studies in whole as it reveals the peculiarities of international experience of Ukrainians and Diaspora's role in the formation of the Ukrainian independent and sovereign state.
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Shamshur, Oleg V. "Ukraine in the Context of New European Migrations." International Migration Review 26, no. 2 (June 1992): 258–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839202600204.
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Like other Soviet successor states, the Ukraine is faced by multiple international migration-related dilemmas and opportunities. However, apocalyptic predictions forecasting mass emigration appear unwarranted. The future character of Ukrainian emigration policies is discernible in the category of those who travel for “personal reasons,” most of whom are tourists. Many tourists are looking for work abroad. Business trips constitute a second class of often concealed labor force movement. The ecological effects of the Chernobyl disaster also will be a long-term factor affecting Ukrainian emigration.
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Namoniuk, Ch. "RE-EMIGRATION TO UKRAINE: FOREIGN POLICY PROSPECTS AND IMPLICATIONS." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 137 (2018): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2018.137.0.25-32.
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The article reveals the main foreign policy problems of Ukraine in the connection with the growth of the population emigration activity. It allocates the most mobile categories of citizens who are most likely to emigrate. The paper names the main causes of emigration in terms of extortion and attraction factors for Ukrainians. It explains the difference between the consequences and the threats from short-term (seasonal) and long-term, as well as educational migration, with the subsequent change of the residence country forever. The study suggests a number of measures to accelerate the return of Ukrainian emigrants to their homeland and their reintegration in the framework of the adopted state migration strategy by means of developing effective motivational programs for the high-educated Ukrainian citizens who have traveled abroad to gain important professional experience in the political and social-economic state-building processes in highly developed countries. The investigation projects the further growth of Ukrainian population migration sentiment in case the negative tendencies of reforms immitating in the most important spheres are preserved and the general population impoverishment on the backdrop of exhausting protracted military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine takes place. The article reveals positive effects of return migration to Ukraine from the state development humanitarian investments and Ukraine’s international political situation improvement point of view.
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Zubko, Olha. "Movie in the life of ukrainian emigration in the interwar CHSR (1921–1939)." Bulletin of Mariupol State University. Series: Philosophy, culture studies, sociology 9, no. 18 (2019): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2849-2019-9-18-37-43.
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In the 1920 s, the politically heterogeneous Ukrainian emigration community in inter-war Czechoslovakia, with its back in World War I and losing national liberation competitions, desperately needed both physical and spiritual rest. However, the status of «emigrants» transformed the imagination of the natives about leisure and leisure. The recreational regulator was, on the one hand, the scientific and technical implications of the 'stormy twenties' and, on the other, the urgent need to keep 'one's band', that is, a collective form of rest and leisure. Ukrainian exiles visited various theatrical performances, book exhibitions, music concerts, sections and circles, and enjoyed excursions. Slowly, with some nuances, cinema was also part of the Ukrainian emigration leisure. It should be noted that the Ukrainian emigration in the inter-war Czechoslovakia, because of the 1920 s «quick return concept» and the priority, first of all, of its own political projects, did not leave any jobs or references to film vacations. The Great Depression of the 1930 s and the Losses dismissed the issue of leisure in general and film recreation in particular, making it difficult to physically work to survive. Contemporary scientific intelligence on the impact and role of cinema in the life of the Ukrainian emigration community in the interwar CSR is absent because of the fact that despite the status of Prague as a powerful political, cultural and scientific emigration center, it has not become a leading European cinema center, yielding here Berlin. Only those edited by Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor IB Matyash, the book «Diplomatic History of Ukraine by Yevgeny Slabchenko (Eugene Deslav)», relevant to the subject of our intelligence, and the article by Roman Roslyak «Ukrainfilm».Based on the above, the purpose of the publication is to argue that, despite some efforts by the Ukrainian emigration community in the interwar CSR, a powerful European film center in Prague, unlike Paris, Vienna, Berlin and New York, never. The Ukrainian emigration community in the Czechoslovak Republic numbered about 20-22 thousand people. In its social composition, it was mainly peasant workers, the layer of her intelligentsia was small. Thus, most Ukrainian immigrants either used the moment to seek education in order to further have a higher social status or to work hard without being able to study. First of all, the Ukrainians, as a national community in exile with a lack of sufficient financial base, even in the «scientifically technical twenties» and «economically unstable thirties», were forced to stand in conservative positions on leisure issues. The first «moving pictures» appeared on the territory of the Czech Republic in 1896 in Prague and Karlovy Vary, thanks to the director and cameraman Jan Krzyzyniecki, who, since the second half of the 1890s, made several short documentary films. And a year later, one of the private American film companies came to the Czech Republic to start filming a black and white silent film in Bohemia. Whereas the first permanent cinema on Czech lands was started by the illusionist Victor Ponrepo (1858–1926) in 1907 in Prague. The Czechoslovakian film industry gained considerable momentum during the interwar period. Since 1921 professional film studios have started. And by 1932, the championship was kept by black and white silent films. The soundtrack of films in the Czechoslovakia began in 1930. In addition, in 1930 Czechoslovak authorities imposed a ban on the import of any German-language films. Prohibition of German-language film production leads to the fact that in 1933, the Czech studio «Barrandov Studio», established by the brothers Vaclav and Milos Havel in 1921, is firmly on its feet, and the number of cinemas is counted in 1938. 1824. However, there were attempts to create a quality Ukrainian emigration film product and, accordingly, Ukrainian (emigration) film studios in the Czechoslovak Republic. These attempts were linked to the names of Boris Khoslovsky and Roman Mishkevich. Khoslovsky since 1926 the head of production of advertising departments of the firm «Vira Film». Since 1928 organizer and owner of the «Mercury Film» Studio, specializing in the production of promotional films. Another Ukrainian film studio, «Terra Film», originated in Brno in the early 1930s on the initiative of Roman Mishkevich. This film studio tried to shoot science and plot (situational-natural) films. Until 1939, Myshkevich's firm remained the largest importer of motion pictures from the Czech Republic to Japan, China, India and Central America. Yet, to develop a powerful Ukrainian film industry in the Czechoslovakia proved impossible. There were several reasons for this. First, political (emigrant status) and economic (lack of sustainable financial flows from the Czechoslovakia) were hampered. Secondly, the Ukrainian film industry did not have the support of both Ukrainian and Czech (private) businesses. Thirdly, the low potential of Ukrainian film enthusiasts and the lack of professional education and experience were evident. Fourth, the Ukrainian Prague film production consisted mainly of documentaries, short films, plot films, reports and chronicles.
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SLONOVSKA, OLHA. "THE LITERARY MYTH OF UKRAINE IN THE WORKS OF THE DIASPORA AUTHORS, 1920S TO 1950S." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 6, no. 2 (June 20, 2019): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.6.2.79-85.
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Ukrainian literature in emigration is part of the Ukrainian cultural heritage. Its analysis shows that, unlike Soviet Ukrainian literature, it enhanced the importance of the national idea proclaimed by T. Shevchenko. The diaspora literature of the 1920s–1950s created the mythological paradigm of the occupied nation that was superior to the invader, a ‘source code’ for a future Ukraine in its own ancestral land in the centre of Europe, not for Ukraine in exile as it was viewed by Ukrainian politicians in emigration. The literary myth of Ukraine established by the diaspora authors is a vitaistic and consolidating metaphysical phenomenon that even now has a powerful impact on national consciousness.
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Gula, Oksana. "Activity of Valeriia O’Connor-Vilinska in emigration (1918–1930)." Kyiv Historical Studies, no. 2 (2018): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2018.2.1923.
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The article examines the literary and social activities of a Ukrainian writer, translator Valeriia O’ConnorVilinska in emigration. It analyses semantic content of her works that trace the author’s political position, her attitude to the Ukrainian culture and literature. Valeriia O’Connor-Vilinska was a prominent writer, playwright, public figure, one of the cofounders of the Ukrainian Central Rada, a member of the Terminology Commission of the Ukrainian Academy of Economics in Podebrady. Her activity had a great impact on to the interwar Ukrainian emigration in Czechoslovakia. Besides, her activity in the theatre field was widely known not only in Ukraine but also abroad, and children’s plays, stories created by her are still popular nowadays. Therefore, according to development of studies related to the social, cultural and political activities of women in Ukraine, it is necessary to analyse the role and the place of the Ukrainian writer, translator Valeriia O’Connor-Vilinska in this process.
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Hnatiuk, Mykhailo, and Olha Shostak. "Ivan Franko’s Sketch of Drama “To Brazil”: from History of Unfinished ‘Emigrational’ Text." Академічний журнал "Слово і Час", no. 3 (March 30, 2019): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33608/0236-1477.2019.03.53-64.
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The paper provides an analysis of I. Franko’s unfinished drama “To Brazil” that deals with the first wave of the Ukrainians’ emigration, especially events of Brazilian Rush in 1895–1897. Since the literary text is based on important historical process, the authors characterize the special features of emigration from East Halychyna to the South American country at the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The research explores I. Franko’s participation in emigration movement and outlines the background of the author’s interest in creating literary work on the theme of emigration. Franko’s sketch of emigrational drama is not lengthy. It contains the list of characters, the author’s stage instruction describing the place of the first action (tavern), the first scene, and the beginning of the second. However based on the first fragment the features of conflict between two contrary characters’ groups are already noticeable. These groups are presented by peasants as eventual emigrants and their antagonist agent Podorozhnyi who acts in cooperation with a subagent Jew renter Moshko. It looks like in the play “To Brazil” the writer intended to highlight only key issues of the problem, in particular the emigrational agitation. Franko’s unfinished drama about the emigration contributed to appearance of the poetic cycle “To Brazil” (1896–1898) where its traditional topoi became somewhat transformed (the characters of peasants-emigrants, the agent, the Jewish subagent, archduke Rudolf, and motive of cheating). The mentioned cycle has an evident theatrical tone due to the dominance of role characters in lyrics. However, in the authors’ opinion, the drama, if it had been finished, could have offered more significant psychological analysis and enriched the presentation of Brazilian discourse in I. Franko’s literary works about emigration.
I. Franko’s unfinished drama is interpreted not only within the author’s ‘emigrational’ text but also in the general context of the Ukrainian literature at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries dealing with emigration in Brazilian direction (L. Lopatynskyi’s dramas “Mother-in-law” (1899) and “To Brazil”; A. Chaikovskyi’s story “Brazilian Welfare” (1896); T. Borduliak’s short story “Ivan the Brazilian” (1899); D. Markovych’s short story “Brazilians” (1896), etc.). The mentioned works have their basis in traditional narrative with its fixed images (agent, emigrant, homeland, outland) and motives (departure agitation, travel obstacles, hard work abroad, comeback).
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MALYNOVSKA, O. А. "EMigration Policy: Theoretical Approaches and Directions of Scientific Analysis." Demography and social economy, no. 2 (August 19, 2018): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/dse2018.02.027.
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Zubko, Olga. "INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION OF UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION INTELLIGENCE IN THE INTERNATIONAL RELATION OF THE CZECHOSLOVAK REPUBLIC: ANOMALY, FOBIA, PATHOLOGY AND DEVIATION (1921-1939)." Journal of Ukrainian History, no. 39 (2019): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2522-4611.2019.39.4.
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The informal reflection of the transformation of the life positioning of the emigrants from Ukraine is, mostly part, the prerogative of social psychology and sociology. While the question of interpersonal relations is primarily the indicator of political moods, and, moreover, the indicator of everyday life in the historical context. And it is well know the routine transforms into a center of active cultural genesis in the watershed years: in the collisions of social disorder, the outline of the Future is born and form. In turn, when in a real life the established connections are broken, something like that happen in the human psyche. The "Achilles heel" of the historiography of studying the transformation of the life positioning emigrants from Ukraine in the Czechoslovak Republic (and note, the emigrants from Ukraine in general) is a surprisingly weak reflection of their behavioral history. The interpersonal communication among Ukrainian emigrants was, first of all, historical action – that had a tendency to repeat, as opposed to an event that had the features of extraordinary and non-repeatability. The representatives schools of symbolic interactionism and phenomenological sociology, turned to interpersonal communication for they the atoms of social interaction were, in fact, the actors, their actions, and reactions to the actions of each other: M. Weber, T. Parsons and A. Shchyuts. Although the Ukrainian interwar Prague emigration was, mostly, a political emigration, it unquestioningly follows the general emigration trends of the 1920s-1930s. Thus, in the first instance, especially in the culminated years of the "Russian Aid Action" (1921-1925), the life of the Ukrainian emigration community of the Czechoslovak Republic became to stabilize, was imbued with by the "concept of rapid return" through. In 1925-1928, Ukrainian emigration are affected "turnaround". The 1930s brought new troubles: the global economic crisis (delayed until 1935), and the Second World War was knocked on the door of Ukrainian exiles in 1938. The 1920s were, in fact, really "golden years" in Europe. After the First World War in Czechoslovak Republic became an era of prosperity and prosperity, did not become an exception.Outlined prosperity and well-being have proven themselves, first of all, due to the introduction of technical innovations in ordinary Czechoslovaks: radio receivers, vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, washing machines, and others. On the other hand the 1930s, on the other hand, made some adjustments in the life of the interwar Chinese SSR. A country, focused on the relations with all the nations, was precipitated by the global economic crisis, which, in addition drag on to 1935. Czechoslovakia had to reckon with access to the proscenium of the world history of monsters-dictatorships. Ukrainian interwar emigration for the level and can be divided into three categories. Ukrainian emigration doctors proved most taciturn interlocutors in informal communication, instead of their informal rejection was an attempt to join the prohibited eugenic research. Engineers and lawyers were considerably more sociable and fun category of informal interlocutors. For this category of Ukrainians in the Czechoslovak Republic We stress, practically, there were not forbidden sweets in interpersonal communication. The teaching the scientists, the staff of the Library and specialists in music, the most funny, witty, gayer, sociable, but at the same time proned to anomalies, phobias and deviations, an emigre category, was . Obviously, this in turn was due to in the emigrant "rating of professions" (1923-1933), the teaching was kept by the honorable "gold" ("silver" was kept the by engineers and economists, and "bronze" was kept by doctors and lawyers). Regarding the deviant behavior, the Ukrainian emigration community in the Czechoslovak Republic, drank and sometimes ends suicide that is got nothing to do with this. The main causes of drunkenness and suicide lay in homesickness, home, tuberculosis and unemployment.
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Denysiuk, Serhiy. "YURI SHEVELОV’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF UKRAINIAN STUDIES IN THE UKRAINIAN ART MOVEMENT." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 28 (2021): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.28.8.
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The article examines the research of famous Ukrainian scientist Yuri Shevelov developing Ukrainian studies associations in period of emigration after World War II, when Ukrainian novelists were united in Ukrainian Аrt Movement (1945-1948). The attention is focused on those meetings which have been arranged by Shevelov and his confederates for the unification of different segments of Ukrainian creative intelligentsia in difficult conditions that were caused by emigration from the motherland. During those years, the scientist was considering questions among the important problems of Ukrainian studies about originality of Ukrainian literature, emigration purpose, provinciality and the methods of its overcoming. It is proved that the concept of national organic style, as a constant of Ukrainian literary and artistic life, was extremely important in the scientist's views. Yuri Shevelov made its main provisions like one of the leading ideologists of Ukrainian Аrt Movement during the existence of this association. The original idea of national organic style had caused the rejection from some part of Ukrainian emigrants and led to a boisterous discussion where there were considered important questions about Ukrainian originality of national literature and its place in European and world culture. The article highlights the essence of discrepancy of views on national organic style between Yuri Shevelov and his opponents. The most famous of them was Volodymyr Derzhavin. There is an emphasis that Ukrainian Аrt Movement went beyond just literature organization due to Shevelov's efforts. It had opened not only a grand literature, but even publishing and research activities and became an important branch in the history of Ukrainian literature in a relatively short period of time.
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Sydorenko, A. "M. OMELYANOVYCH-PAVLENKO AND UKRAINIAN MILITARY SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 137 (2018): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2018.137.2.07.
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The autor has explored the creation of the Ukrainian Military Scientific Society in Prague and determined the structure and tasks of the Society. The main aspects of its activity (lectures, publishing) have been considered. The basic topics of the courses of the Society and the peculiarities of their publication have been established.mIssues of financial support of the Ukrainian Military Scientic Society are revealed. The author elucidates the peculiarities of the relations of the Ukrainian Military Scientic Society with other Ukrainian emigration organizations (the Ukrainian Military Historical Society, the Ukrainian Archery Community, the Society of the Armed Forces of the UNR in Czechoslovakia, the Zaporozhian Association, the Ukrainian National Association in the USA, etc.), and their participation in material assistance to the Company, publication of materials of its members. The direct role of M. Omelyanovych-Pavlenko as the head of the Ukrainian Military Scientic Society has been highlighted. The participation of the Society in the activities of the military and scientific direction of Ukrainian emigration (Academy dedicated to the memory of Colonel-General M. Yunakov, Academy of the 15th anniversary of the Ukrainian Army, the 2nd Ukrainian Scientic Congress) is considered. The peculiarities of the interaction between the Ukrainian and Don Cossack generals, which formed the leading core of the Ukrainian Military Scientic Society and their political component hve been revealed. The reasons for the gradual cessation of the work of the Society have been identified, but the author has pointed out the attempts to revive it. The value of the Ukrainian Military-Scientic Society in Prague for the activity of Ukrainian emigration of the interwar period as a whole, and the development of military-scientic thought in particular has been ascertained in the article.
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Bracki, Artur. "PERSONALITY OF OLEXA GORBACH IN THE UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION LITERATURE DISCUSSION." Polish Studies of Kyiv, no. 35 (2019): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2019.35.20-26.
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Professor Oleхa Gorbach is a leading European Slavist and Ukrainian linguist who devoted his entire aca- demic life to philology and university studies. He left over 200 works and numerous students who became continuators of studies in the field of Ukrainian linguistics and - more broadly - Slavonic. He was born in Romaniv on 5 February 1918, where he graduated from a public school, graduated from high school in Lviv. In 1936–1940 he studied at the University of Lviv, German, Polish and Ukrainian philology under the supervision of such eminent scholars as: Wasyl Simonowich, Illarion Swiecicki, Wasyl Lew, Mykhailo Wozniak, Juliusz Kleiner, Jerzy Kury- łowicz, Witold Taszycki and others, which were the pillars of the Slavic philology in Lviv at that time. In 1945, the end of the war found Oleхa Gorbach in Germany, where from 1947 he continued his studies at the Free Ukrainian University in Munich, which at that time was already the new center of Ukrainian cultural and scientific life in the free world after Prague. There, in 1948, O. Gorbach defended his doctorate in “Akcent in Zyzanya’s “Lexis”” in 1596, and in 1951 he obtained the postdoctoral degree on the basis of Argot’s dissertation in Ukraine. Since then, Oleхa Gorbach has published many linguistic articles in scientific collections and works in separate books, in English, German, Polish and Ukrainian, which referred to problems related to Ukrainian language, its history and dialects. The bibliographic list contains over 200 serious scientific papers written by O. Gorbach. He lectured in several universities, namely in Göttingen (1952–1956) in Marburg (1956-1958) and Frankfurt (from 1958 until his retirement in 1982), where he headed the Department of Slavic Studies after receiving the title of full professor. At the same time, he was a full professor at the WUU in Munich (from 1951) and the Ukrainian Catholic University in Rome (1963). The merit of prof. Gorbach’s is among others that Ukrainian studies were introduced into the Slavic studies program in Germany. He educated a significant number of Slavists interested in Ukrainian problems in Germany. In addition, prof. Oleхa Gorbach has always taught Ukrainian at the Free Ukrainian University in Munich during his summer holidays and made many efforts to keep the level of this university below the level of German universities. Multifaceted research of the Ukrainian language prof. O. Gorbach, and above all those from the history of language and dialectology, have enriched our knowledge with new facts and theoretical conclusions. His achievements also include publications of works of fundamental importance for Ukrainian philology, which, however, were unavailable or simply forbidden in the USSR.
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Nakashydze, Iryna. "DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN LITERATURE IN ARGENTINA IN THE 20th CENTURY." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki 1 (December 17, 2020): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-215-219.
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Argentina is one of the countries that are inhabited by a large number of ethnic Ukrainians. The purpose of this article is to study the development of Ukrainian literature in Argentina. One of the tasks aimed at achieving this goal is the introduction of the names of emigrant writers into scientific circulation. The arrival of a large number of active and educated people in Argentina in the interwar period (including writers O. Drahomanova, P. Buk, O. Devlad, etc.) led to the emergence of new forms of public life. A large number of literary and art schools, libraries, and reading rooms appeared. An important factor in the preservation of ethnic identity and the development of cultural life was the formation of the Ukrainian Cultural Society “Prosvita” in 1924. The biggest wave of emigration took place during the postwar period. Writers such as L. Holotsvan, Y. Prylutska-Farni, K. Buldyn, etc. arrived here. At this time Argentina became a real cultural center of Ukrainians. The Society of Artists, Writers and Scholars was formed, uniting almost all cultural figures. In the biography and works of many writers of this period Argentina appears as an “intermediate” point (for example, I. Kachurovsky, O. Kerch, V. Kulish, Yu. Krokhmalyuk-Tys, etc.). Writers from all over the world have long been united by the magazine “Porogy”. Unfortunately, with the death of writers in Argentina (as in the rest of the world), literary life almost subsided. Among the writers of the fourth wave of emigration can be identified I. Voloshchuk. Translation activity played a significant role. From the beginning of the resettlement, Ukrainian emigrants distributed works of T. Shevchenko, I. Franko, M. Shashkevych, and L. Ukrainka. Many of the writers translated Ukrainian works into Spanish and vice versa. Thus, literary life in Argentina developed very actively in the 20th century. It was most striking in the postwar period, when a large number of cultural figures emigrated here. The research started in this article is promising for the future, as further detailed study of the features of works of art of Ukrainian-speaking writers in Argentina is required.
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DZHUS, Oksana. "Education as a factor in maintaining mental health: the experience of Ukrainian interwar emigration." EUROPEAN HUMANITIES STUDIES: State and Society, no. 3(II) (September 30, 2020): 166–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.38014/ehs-ss.2020.3-2.12.
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The reasons and bases of actualization of professional training of youth in the conditions of emigration in the interwar period are found out. The formation and development of Ukrainian schooling as a basis for professional training of Ukrainians of the 1920s - 1930s in the Czechoslovak Republic and the preservation of their mental health are analyzed. It was emphasized that professional training was an integral part of the general cultural process among emigrants. It is revealed that the actualization of Ukrainian vocational training in the Western countries of the interwar period is a complex and multifaceted process that is closely related to the socio-economic and educational policy of the states that became a new homeland for Ukrainians, geography and compactness of their settlement, employment in various sectors. , the presence of professional intelligentsia in the diaspora, its national awareness, the state of religious life, etc.
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Knyrevych, Serhii, and Olha Zubko. "Belarusians on the service of UNR: Oleksandr Maksymovych Zhykhovych (1900-1973). Post scriptum: November’s interrogation in 1953 and the last years of life." Науковий вісник Чернівецького національного університету імені Юрія Федьковича. Історія 1, no. 49 (June 30, 2019): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/hj2019.49.67-76.
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This article contains the material about one of the eleven Belarusian soldiers of the UNR Army, the student of the Ukrainian Economic Academy in Podebrady (CHSR). After surviving the Second World War in Czechoslovakia, Oleksandr Zhykhovych, in 1953 was summoned for questioning by the Czechoslovak-Soviet Committee of State Security, due to his ties to the Ukrainian political emigration of the interwar years. Among the questions, which were interested to the KDB agents, were: the emigration political organizations at the Academy of Economics and their anti-Soviet activities during 1921-1939; employment of Zhykhovych in Khustov Bank and his contacts with the bank employees; the presence of Belarusian political organizations in the environment of the Ukrainian emigration students of the CHSR; personal Zhykhovych’s contribution (as the chief accountant) in the activities of Transcarpathian publishing houses «UNIO» and «Proboiem». This last question was interested to the KDB agents, mostly, since, in the 1950s a brutal war continued between the Soviets and the Ukrainian nationalists. We must note that the first victim of the Soviet-nationalist confrontation personally for Oleksandr Maksymovych Zhykhovych was the arrest (on the eve of his interrogation) of his stepson – Zdenek Nekhanitskyi (10.08.1928). In 1953, he was the head’s assistant of the power plant station named after May 1 in Trshebonitsi (district of Ostrava), a member of the Communist Party of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic of 1945. It was Zdenek Nekhanitskyi, who suffered a forced arrest, the interrogation of his stepfather and investigation, and handed over to Serhii Knyrevych the interrogation protocol. And today, despite a respectable age, Zdenek Nekhanitskyi is trying to find the most precise answer to the question: how did it happen and why his stepfather, an ethnic Belarusian, spent almost his entire life in the Ukrainian political emigration, both interwar and post-war, and left a remarkable footprint there?
Keywords: Oleksandr Maksymovych Zhykhovych, Ukrainian People’s Republic, intermilitary emigration, Second World War, publishing houses «UNIO» and «Proboiem», postwar years, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
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MALYNOVSKA, O. А. "Emigration vs Immigration: Directions and Mechanisms of the Repatriation Policy." Demography and social economy, no. 1 (April 22, 2019): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/dse2019.01.069.
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Astafiev, Oleksandr. "LYRICS OF UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION: FROM SURREALISM TO STYLIZATIONS." Polish Studies of Kyiv, no. 35 (2019): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2019.35.45-55.
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The article states that the base of the non-referent (non-address-communicational) lyrics are parts of stylistic and surrealism. Such poetry is built on principle “text like text”, the artistic world looses its referency completely and is transformed into a sign. The function of such poetry is non-referential (arbitrary). The most common for such lyrics is stimulation and continuousness of the expression plan (not the contests) that commonly is done on the phonic and graphic levels. The main semiotic classificators here are arbitrary convention and symbol sign. They are non-address and non- communicational. If index has illocutive power, then a symbol sign has a power of categorical imperative. The system of non-referential lyrics in its own way is a spere of experimants. One of them, or maybe the most principal, which made “the exploitation” of the subconsciousness possible, and often gave metaphysical results, was so called automatic writing (ecriture automatique). The main point of it was to write having maximum freedom from the control of the mind, moving in the stream of free associations, and not returning to the written text; in any case nothing should be corrected (creative work of Zinoviy Berezhan). Second is orientation on dreams. Formal distinctive mark of “hooked” to the artistic world neurospace is the image of a dreamer – the one who watches a nightdream and tells about its cotntents (it can be either a narrator, as in the majority of the poems by Boychuk, or an animal, plant or an insect as in the works of Andrievska). The image has two functions: 1. to receive and transmit the contents of a dream spiritually; 2. to associate the contents of seen in a dream with the feelings, or in the other words transform it into the concrete feeling images. Semantic variety of expressionalism against impressionalism (the antipode of which it became) has also the character of conversion, and concerning existentionalism -– inversion. The differences between the styles of non-referential lyrics we can imagine in the shape of inversion. Stylizations also pretend to autonomy. Their structure e.g., in the poem by Olexa Stephanovich “From the chronic”, is defined by not immanently “imagined” in the “reality” norms but by convention -– as if a transition from outside, in advance, only to stress the function of a speaker. In the works of Yuriy Lypa, especially in his stylization “About the seamster Kozhumiaka” the artistic shape net catches the breething of a “chronical”, inner and outer world of a character connecting it with his pseudoarchaic way of narration, the poet makes stylization not only of characters’ dialogues (“The Monk and the Death”), but also the language of a storyteller (“The Deivil”, “The demons and the catcher”), receiving in such a way harmony of languages – the vision of the world. The same was done by Euhen Malanuk in his poem “The rye in the field is spoiled by the hoofs”, in which he eliminated from the narrative language expressions, that went away from geographical-phyhological base of our 20-th century’s menthality.
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V., Vlasenko. "Naturalization interwar Ukrainian emigration in Romania and Yugoslavia." Legal Horizons 9, no. 22 (2018): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2018.i9.p7.
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TSYMBAL, Tetiana, and Natalia ZEMZYULINA. "UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION TO LATIN AMERICA COUNTRIES: HISTORIOSOPHY ASPECT." Східноєвропейський історичний вісник, no. 11 (July 1, 2019): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2519-058x.11.170703.
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Ровенчак, О. А. "SOCIOCULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION TO GERMANY." Odesa National University Herald. Sociology and Politics 21, no. 1(24) (September 23, 2016): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2304-1439.2016.2(25).78171.
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Liakh-Porodko, Oleksii, and Bohdan Miroshnichenko. "PHENOMENON OF THE UKRAINIAN SOKIL MOVEMENT IN EMIGRATION." Physical education, sport and health culture in modern society, no. 3 (2017): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2220-7481-2017-03-63-65.
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Vasyltsiv, Taras, Ruslan Lupak, and Olha Levytska. "Trends and Characteristics of the Migration From Ukraine to Poland: The Aspect of Rural Areas and Conclusion for State Migration Policy." Wieś i Rolnictwo, no. 1 (186) (January 20, 2020): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53098/wir012020/03.
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The authors describe modern global migration trends in Europe and in particular in Poland. The problems and risks for the functioning and development of rural areas of Poland during the strengthening of emigration attitudes and internal mobility of the population are identified. The aspects of the Ukrainian migration as a resource for levelling labour-deficit trends in the Polish labour market are substantiated. The official data of the Office for Foreigners in Poland, the Central Statistical Office, the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy, the Department of Statistics of the National Bank of Poland, individual organisations for the study of migration between the Ukraine and Poland are presented and the growing volumes and the scale of external labour migration of Ukrainians to Poland are stated (it is shown that today there are about 1.3 million Ukrainians in Poland, which at about 3.5% of the population is a significant value); key changes in the qualitative and structural characteristics of migration are shown. The main parameters of permanent and labour migration of Ukrainians to rural areas in Poland are characterised. An important conclusion is that, despite still low volumes, there are positive trends and the structural characteristics of Ukrainian emigration to rural areas of Poland are improving. The results of the analysis of the quantitative characteristics of Ukrainian labour migration are presented in the context of their employment in types of Poland’s economic activity such as agriculture,forestry, fishery and hunting. The authors determine features and problematic aspects of this migration. The recommendations regarding the development of joint Ukrainian-Polish practices and regulatory and guidance provisions, as well as the priority tools of migration policy, focused on meeting the socio-economic interests of both countries, are justified.
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KAMENTSEV, Denys. "THE ROLE OF VOLODYMYR SALSKYI IN THE ORGANIZATION UKRAINIAN MILITARY EMIGRATION (1921-1940)." Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 31 (2018): 190–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2018-31-190-202.
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The study considers the issue of saving the tradition of Ukrainian statehood in emigration, which is essential and challenging in modern historiography. It is noted that the contribution of individuals to the organization of emigrant life, preservation of national culture and identity remains poorly investigated, despite the considerable interest of researchers in its institutional level – the activities of Ukrainian political, public and cultural organizations and societies. At the personal level, on the example of Volodymyr Salskyi, the contribution to the cause of the organization of Ukrainian military emigrants' life was investigated. The basic directions of V. Salskyi's activity regarding preserving the wholeness, structure and combat capability of the UNR's Army, improving the material and living conditions of the former military, increasing their educational level, professional skills (through the organization of various military training courses and training of former UNR officers), as well as supporting the patriotic spirit were analyzed. The strategy and practical steps of V. Salskyi as the Minister of Military Affairs in exile for providing activities of emigrant political and public structures in various foreign centers such as Poland, Czechoslovakia, France, and Bulgaria are presented. In particular, the focus is on personnel policy, the creation of a human intelligence network that not only carried out intelligence assessment in the region but also tried to consolidate Ukrainians, organized their national and cultural life in new places. Keywords Ukrainian military emigration, Volodymyr Salskyi, UNR State Center, UNR Ministry of Military Affairs.
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Коzak, Serhiy. "Literary Staff of “Ukrainian News” (1945, Germany – 2000, USA)." Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism, no. 2 (77) (2020): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2020.77.3.
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The objective of this article is to find out names and activities of literary staff (editorial staff and freelance writers) of the newspaper ”Ukrainian News”/“Ukrainski Visti” from the perspective of publications of this emigration edition, which first appeared in Germany (1945–1978) after WWII and later in the United States (1978–2000). In order to achieve this objective, the biographies and creative achievements of its staff who rallied around this newspaper and determined its ideological core were investigated. In particular, the pre-emigration and emigration paths of authors and staff of the newspaper and their journalistic experience were studied, it was proved that the high educational level of authors had a direct impact on the level of their materials, and therefore on the level of the edition as a whole, and further contributed to enlargement of its thematic spectrum. It is noticeable that for many authors the collaboration with the newspaper lasted for decades, namely the whole emigration period of their lives. The main method of research was to analyze the materials we searched for on the front pages of the newspaper. Thus, in the course of this task implementation, the new information about the authors was obtained, the peculiarities of creative biographies of the newspaper’s employees were clarified, the names of editorial staff were clarified, the publications about the literary staff were analyzed, the contents of their materials were examined, a list of the most active authors was made. It was found that the life and professional experience, educational level of literary workers and ideological platform of the newspaper built up in time and aimed at gaining independence of Ukraine, became those factors that allowed in a short period of time, despite the difficulties of “new conditions” in which the Ukrainians found themselves after the Second World War, to establish first a regular issue of the edition, and then to lay the foundation of strength, which allowed in a difficult period of lives in a strange land to publish a mother-tongue newspaper, which was destined for decades being a voice and a platform of the Ukrainian political emigration.
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Trzeszczyńska, Patrycja. "Trzy autobusy. O niewidzialnej w studiach migracyjnych ucieczce Ukraińców z Polski w latach 80. XX w. i dlaczego nie są „polskimi migrantami”." Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny 46, no. 2 (176) (2020): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.20.010.12326.
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Three Buses: The Escape of the Ukrainians from Poland in the 1980s, its Invisibility in Migration Studies and why they are not “Polish migrants” The aim of the text is to reflect on the absence in Polish migration studies of research on the emigration of members of national / ethnic minorities from Poland in the 1980s, on the example of Ukrainians. The author presents the causes and course of emigration of Polish citizens of Ukrainian nationality in the last decade of the Polish People’s Republic, highlighting the consequences of this migration for the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada, the Ukrainian national minority in Poland and for the migrants themselves. The author undertakes a discussion with literature which defines Polish emigrants of the 1980s to Canada and Western Europe as “Polish emigrants”, pointing out the differences between migration motivations and adaptation strategies of Polish and Ukrainian migrants in the 1980s. The article also discusses the attitudes of Ukrainian emigrants towards the country of origin, the impact of their minority condition in the People’s Republic of Poland on their new identity in their host country as well as lifestyle choices. Keywords: minority migrations, Ukrainians, Canada, Polish migrants Strzeszczenie Celem tekstu jest namysł nad nieobecnością zagadnienia migracji członków mniejszości narodowych/etnicznych w polskich studiach migracyjnych dotyczących wyjazdów z Polski w latach 80. XX wieku na przykładzie Ukraińców. Autorka prezentuje przyczyny i przebieg emigracji obywateli polskich narodowości ukraińskiej w ostatniej dekadzie PRL, wskazuje na konsekwencje tej migracji dla diaspory ukraińskiej w Kanadzie, ukraińskiej mniejszości narodowej w Polsce oraz dla samych migrantów. Podejmuje dyskusję z literaturą, która określa emigrantów z Polski z lat 80. XX w. do Kanady i Europy Zachodniej jako „polskich emigrantów” zasilających Polonię, wskazując na różnice między motywacjami migracyjnymi i strategiami adaptacyjnymi polskich i ukraińskich migrantów w latach 80. XX w. Omawia również postawy ukraińskich emigrantów wobec kraju pochodzenia, wpływ ich mniejszościowej kondycji w PRL na dokonywane w nowym kraju wybory tożsamościowe i w zakresie stylu życia.
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Stambol, Ihor. "Tsvyntar Olʹshany u Prazi yak mistse pamʺyati ukrayintsiv." Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie 8 (April 16, 2021): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2451-2958spu.8.19.
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The article clarifies the role of the Olshany cemetery in Prague as a location for the memory of Ukrainians and about Ukrainians. Olshany is one of the largest necropolises of prominent Ukrainians outside Ukraine. Most Ukrainians buried here became emigrants as a result of the defeat of the Ukrainian National Revolution of 1917-1921. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the perception of this necropolis among Ukrainians, to show some aspects of mentions of Olshany in the Ukrainian information space and to find out its possible role as a place of memory. The topic of Olshany became more active in the Ukrainian media in 2017 due to the threat of losing the grave of one of the most prominent Ukrainian poets of the early twentieth century – Oleksandr Oles (Kandyba) and his wife. The periodicity of attention to Olshany is explained by the interest of Ukrainians in the subject of the Ukrainian National Revolution of 1917-1921, which also acquires a greater resonance closer to the memorable dates. Members of the Ukrainian governments buried in the cemetery, including Fedor Shvets, Stepan Siropolko, Volodymyr Leontovych, Sofia Rusova, Hryhoriy Sydorenko, Apollinarii Marshynsky, as well as scientists and artists Spiridon Cherkasenko, Mykola Andrusov, Yevhen Ivanenko and others, together with the military UGA, are very important part of the memory of Ukrainian post-revolutionary emigration, and involve people in understanding their destinies through the fields in which they were engaged before, during and after the Revolution. That is why Olshany already acts as a place of memory for Ukrainian historians, teachers, diplomats, etc. But given the professional diversity of the people buried there and the significant legacy they have left behind, this place has greater potential. And new generations of Ukrainians who work or study in the Czech Republic now can contribute even more to this.
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Verlata, Anna. "EMIGRATION PUBLICATIONS OF THE CREATIVE HERITAGE OF VASYL PACHOVSKYI." Polish Studies of Kyiv, no. 35 (2019): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2019.35.79-83.
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The article deals with the role of the Association of Ukrainian Writers in Exile “Word” in publication of the most complete collection of works by Vasyl Pachovsky in two volumes. Vasyl Pachovsky was a prominent member of Young Muse – an informal modernist group of writers and artists in Western Ukraine founded in 1906. In Ukrainian literature, he is mostly known as a lyric poet, but Vasyl Pachovsky is also the author of dramatic works. His modernistic dramas are lyrical allegories. At the same time they are highly patriotic works describing Ukraine’s long quest for freedom. Pachovsky’s most prominent dramas are: “Dream of Ukrainian Night”, “Sun of the Ruin”, “The Sphinx of Europe”, “Prince Roman the Great”, and “Het’man Mazepa”. Some of the works by Vasyl Pachovskyi were published in various journals or as separate books, but many of his works of art and historical articles remained in manuscripts. They are saved in the archives of the author’s family in the USA. In the context of solving this issue the publishing activity of the Association of Ukrainian Writers in Exile “Word” has been examined. The organization continued the traditions initiated by the Ukrainian Artistic Movement (Mystets’kyi Ukrayins’kyi Rukh). Its most famous members were Hryhorii Kostiuk, Yurii Sherekh, Vasyl Barka, Yurii Lavrinenko, Ostap Tarnavskyi and others. Their purpose was to create a literary center that would unite Ukrainian writers of diaspora. The organization also had to promote the development of independent Ukrainian writing, Theory of Literature and Literary Criticism, to create a publishing house in which the authors would be able to print their works. In general, a great number of different books (works of art, documentary, literary studies) have been published under the stamp of this Association. The collected works by Vasyl Pachovsky in two volumes have been published in 1984–1985, when Ostap Tarnavskyi was the chairman of the union. A lot of efforts have been made by sons and daughter of the writer. The structure and peculiarities of the publication are observed, the prefaces by the members of the Association Ostap Tarnavskyi and Vasyl Barka to each volume are considered. The texts of these authors are very important for the research into creative legacy of Vasyl Pachovskyi.
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Babynskyi, Anatolii. "The Idea of Patriarchate of the UGCC in the Ukrainian Diaspora on the Eve of the Second Vatican Council." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 90 (March 31, 2020): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2020.90.2087.
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The article covers the development of the idea of patriarchal status in 1945-1962 within the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in the diaspora, focusing mainly on the third wave of Ukrainian emigration. After the Second World War, about 250,000 Ukrainian refugees found themselves in Western Europe (DP camps), from where in 1947-1955, they moved to the countries of North and South America, Western Europe and Australia. The growing role of the Church, which continued to play a significant role in their lives after their resettlement to the countries mentioned above, marked the experience of their stay in the DP camps. The DP camps became a place of a closer rapprochement between Ukrainian Greek Catholics and Orthodox Christians, one consequence of which was the appeals of a Ukrainian Greek Catholic bishops with a proposal to create a joint patriarchate with Ukrainian Orthodox, which would be in unity with Rome. On the other hand, the expansion of the geography of the presence of the UGCC and the founding of new metropolises in Canada and the United States brought to the fore the question of the unity of all structural units of this Church at the global level, which, as some believed, could have been secured by the patriarchal institution. Finally, the patriarchate was considered by the post-war Ukrainian emigration as a means of preserving the unity of the diaspora in the face of assimilation and disintegration. Furthermore, in the future, as an institution that could effectively help the Church revive at home after independence. The last aspect of the patriarchal idea had a significant impact on the emergence of the Ukrainian patriarchal movement, and its closeness to the goals set by the third wave of Ukrainian emigration provided that movement with a high level of massiveness and passionate vigorousness for the movement.
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Tymoshyk, Mykola. "Ukrainian Diaspora in the Struggle with Russian Falsifiers of the History of Ukraine after World War II." Ukrainian Studies, no. 2(79) (August 3, 2021): 200–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.2(79).2021.234291.
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The article is based on the author’s processing of the archives of Ukrainian emigration during his research internship in Great Britain. His task was to find out and clarify the means and ways used by the Ukrainian diaspora in its struggle against Moscow’s information and propaganda offensive against the Western community’s positive resolution of the “Ukrainian question” after World War II.That was the time when the Russian governmental machine intensified its counter-propaganda work in the Western direction. Under those conditions, the world continued to perceive Ukrainians as part of the “great Soviet people” who unanimously built communism, and Ukraine itself as only a formal state declaratively writing its name in UN documents as a country with a significant contribution to the victory over fascism.Under the conditions of statelessness, Ukrainian public institutions abroad replaced state embassies and official representations and took on the responsible task to constantly plant the Ukrainian information field.The Ukrainian diaspora used the following means in its struggle against Moscow’s information and propaganda offensive against the Western community’s positive solution of the “Ukrainian question”.In particular, it was a matter of checking the presence of materials on Ukrainian studies in the main libraries of the countries where Ukrainian emigrants lived compactly. Foreign authors’ interpretation of mentions was said about Ukraine and Ukrainians in those few texts was analyzed.Representatives of Ukrainian public organizations established personal contacts with directors of libraries in cities with a compact residence of Ukrainians. The goal was to create Ukrainian book and press departments there. In 1948, a centralized network was established in Munich to provide major foreign libraries with Ukrainian publications.The successful breakthrough of the Moscow information blockade on the issue of the Holodomor of 1933 happened due to publication of a series of English-language brochures on this issue at the expense of the Ukrainian Youth Association abroad.
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ANDRUSYSHYN, BOHDAN, and OLHA TOKARCHUK. "Democratic Traditions of the European Universities as the Development Assurance of Ukrainian Higher Education Institutions in Interwar Period." Право України, no. 2021/02 (2021): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.33498/louu-2021-02-163.
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The article deals with the study of the Ukrainian scientists’ activities in one of the largest and most notable centres of Ukrainian political emigration since the early twenties of the 20th century – in the Prague one. It has been pointed out that the Ukrainian intellectuals in foreign countries did not abandon their thoughts about the restoration of a united sovereign state. The Ukrainian state and legal thought development were associated both with the functioning of the Ukrainian Free University as well as other higher education institutions and with the broad involving of European democratic traditions during the emigration period. The professors had to solve such important and difficult tasks as: to create independent university courses on many disciplines for Law Department which programmes had already been significantly expanded in Prague. Having a complicated scientific and methodological work the Ukrainian scientists performed a responsible task successfully; dozens of legal courses were compiled and partially published, most of the specializedcourses differed in originality and made a significant contribution to the development of legal thought and science. Regarding the teaching activity of scientists in emigration, and in the past many of them were lawyers-practitioners and statesmen, we should note that their reports and lecture materials are characterized by deep preparation, content, thoughtfulness and consistency of the basic idea development. The training of Ukrainian youth in higher education institutions in Czechoslovakia was completely saturated not only with European worldview and methodological approaches, but also retained progressive national-state traditions. The forced situation, in which legal scientists got, brought them to such a theoretical and practical level of training of legal staff, to which we are only approaching today. This stage was viewed by young people as temporary and did not even imagine that they would remain in the West forever; prepared to “return home not empty-handed”. Thus, modern legal education and science need advanced more thorough research on the legal refinement of legal scholars in exile. University students and postgraduate students should take an active part in events where scientists and students of law faculties of Ukrainian higher schools in Europe are popularized. It is advisable to organize discussions about state-legal, socio-political views, cultural activities of figures. It is also necessary to intensify the individual search for the scientific activities of Ukrainian emigration in certain areas of law.
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Stetsyuk, Oksana. "Doctor of geography Petro Oryshkevych (1909–1982): the way of life and scientific heritage." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 52 (June 27, 2018): 283–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2018.52.10194.
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After the Second World War, many Ukrainian intellectuals were forced to leave their native land, but they still remained as true patriots of their land and had carried out Ukrainian research studies. The article is devoted to the activity of famous Ukrainian researcher who lived in the USA – Petro Oryshkevych (1909–1982) – a doctor of geography, a teacher, a public figure, director of the Taras Shevchenko School of Ukrainian Studies of Greater Washington, a correspondent member and secretary of the Branch of the Shevchenko Scientific Society in Washington. The main achievements of the scientist in publishing activities were illuminated. The article describes Peter Oryshkevych as a teacher in many educational institutions of different countries: gymnasiums, seminary, trade and high schools in Peremyshl, Lviv, Zolochiv, Dillingen (Germany), Washington (USA). The contribution of Petro Oryshkevych in the creation (in 1957) and development of the Branch of the Scientific Society of Taras Shevchenko in Washington, where he was a Corresponding Member and Secretary of the Branch, is highlighted. The role of Petro Oryshkevych in the development of the Taras Shevchenko School of Ukrainian Studies of Greater Washington is described. The description of the most important researcher’s works, which concern the learning of geography of Ukraine, and his scientific activity in emigration in the USA were given. In particular, the main works of the scientist were considered. Among them are Ukrainians of Zasyannya (1962), Introductory Geography of Ukraine and Ukrainian Settlements (1974), Geography of Ukrainians (Rusyny) of Great Washington (1981). Petro Oryshkevych had left a remarkable trace in Ukrainian geography. His scientific research is widely known both among Ukrainians abroad and in Ukraine. Key words: Petro Oryshkevych, Ukrainian studies, Schools of Ukrainian studies, Shevchenko Scientific Society, schooling, Foreign Ukrainians, diaspora.