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1
BILYI, DMYTRO, and IVAN PETRENKO. "WHY DID THE UKRAINIANS DISAPPEAR ON KUBAN?" Skhid 2, no. 2 (2021): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21847/1728-9343.2021.2(2).239369.
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An issue, regarding famine (Holodomor) – genocide organization that was performed by the Soviet system on Kuban where the Ukrainians constituted majority, is considered in the article. The particular schemes of the deliberate policy oriented on physical annihilation of the Ukrainian population on Kuban, destruction of the national, ethnical and group (Cossacks’) identity, cessation of national-cultural development, forced russification, all abovementioned are the characteristics of genocide, the main features of which were determined by a particular UN resolution in 1948. The authors provide the particular data that reveal a deliberate policy of the USSR aimed at annihilation of the Ukrainians on the Northern Caucasus (Kuban). Provided factual data is based on the wide range of archival sources, testimonies of witnesses, publications of the scientific studies. The authors’ analysis permits to conclude that a deliberate policy was provided regarding the Ukrainians on Kuban that were an inherent part of the general Ukrainian national space during 1932-1933-s, namely the policy included mass physical annihilation via artificial famine, repressions, deportations as well as via different means of the Ukrainians’ denationalization. The processes were on the territory of the USRR as well as in the places of high concentration of the Ukrainians beyond its borders, particularly on the Northern Caucasus. The specific implications of the work are to highlight the methods that the Soviet government used against the Ukrainians on Kuban at the abovementioned period, the authors consider the measures as genocide based on the UN resolution of 1948, moreover, the analysis of the statistical data is provided to prove the scale of physical loss of the Ukrainians on Kuban. Considering that the scientific issue of the his-tory of the Ukrainians on the Northern Caucasus (Kuban) at the period of famine (Holodomor) du¬ring 1932-1933-s only begins to be reflected, the results of the article can be a base for the further studies and more deep consideration of one of the greatest disasters in the 20th century – Famine (Holodomor)-genocide of the Ukrainian nation.
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Oliinyk, Oksana, and Anna Oliinyk. "Ukrainian Forced Migrants in Edinburgh: How the Homes for Ukraine Scheme Worked." Sociological Studios, no. 1(24) (June 26, 2024): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2306-3971-2024-01-33-33.
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The article presents an in-deep analysis of the implementation the Homes for Ukraine Scheme (HFUS) for Ukrainian forced migrants fleeing the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2022. It is noteworthy that the HFUS does not provide for official refugee status in the UK but allows Ukrainians to seek asylum. The HFUS is unique, as it involves, in particular, the settlement of Ukrainian refugees in the same housing with their sponsors, which should contribute to the adaptation and assimilation of new residents in Scotland. Our interviews with Ukrainians and sponsors who hosted Ukrainians aimed to analyse the challenges faced by both groups involved in HFUS. The study aimed to explore the challenges faced by Ukrainians adapting to new conditions in Scotland, their self-identification in a new environment, and their future plans. The primary difficulties identified for Ukrainians in Scotland included limited English language proficiency, challenges in securing employment in their field, navigating unfamiliar systems, and instability hindering long-term planning. Conversely, Scots highlighted challenges related to the lack of clarity in the HFUS, in communication with local councils, and in understanding the consequences of using the scheme. Based on analysis of interviews and other open sources, the authors identified certain aspects that they believe should be considered in Scotland's migrant integration policy, in particular, the effectiveness of the HFUS and the work of state and volunteer organisations that assist Ukrainians and other forced migrants. Additionally, the authors suggest that the gathered data could inform policies for repatriating Ukrainian citizens once the conflict concludes.
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Tashchenko, Anna, and Diana Zabrodina. "TO SEE A FREE MAN AND DIE? SPECIFICS OF SHARED ADHERENCE TO VALUES IN UKRAINIAN SOCIETY." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 51, no. 2 (2022): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/5137.
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The aim of this paper is to reveal the general line of sociological research questions in authors’ theoretical, methodical, and analytical developments during the 2019-2020 period. That line was related to values, moral, and social approval, as well as typification search, since authors methodically looked for clusters of opinions. The paper focuses on socially relevant cultural phenomena and processes that seem purely routine, but affect the deep foundations of socialisation in Ukrainian society. The formation and choice of values in Ukrainian society does not appear to be a comprehensive process, as it seems at first glance – they are complex, and not easy to predict. The paper identifies the dominant stereotypes about values, obligations, and information consumption in Ukrainian society, and answers three main questions: whom did Ukrainians approve by the choice of values; which moral dilemmas’ decisions were Ukrainians willing to approve themselves; and whom did Ukrainians need approval from by assessing the veracity of information.
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Talko, Tetiana. "Review of the monograph Consolidation of Ukraine in the postcolonial era: a monograph / by general. ed. prof. MI Obushny. - K .: Pedagogical thought, 2019. 392 p." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 24 (2019): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2019.24.28.
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The monograph "Consolidation of Ukrainian community in the postcolonial era", created by a team of authors under the direction of Professor M.I. Obushny, is devoted to topics whose relevance is beyond doubt. Theoretically, the need for this monographic study is due to insufficient coverage in the Ukrainian humanitarian thought of the specifics of the postcolonial (transitional) period of development of Ukrainian society. The authors of the monograph actualize the issue of postcolonial research in the context of solving the most important task facing Ukrainian community, namely its consolidation. The author's team convincingly proved that the practical importance of the consolidation of Ukrainians has significantly increased in the conditions of Russia's hybrid war against Ukraine.
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Makar, Yuriy, and Mykola Kucherepa. "Activities of Prosvita and the Volyn ukrainian association in Volyn in the interwar period." Current issues of social sciences and history of medicine, no. 1 (August 14, 2023): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2411-6181.1.2023.369.
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According to the authors, the current aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine permanently deprives Ukrainians of any hope of compromise with their north-eastern neighbour, which is trying to prove the invalidity of a self-sufficient Ukrainian statehood in any way, failure of Ukrainians to create and develop their sovereign state. It has done this throughout all previous centuries, in every way destroying any attempts by Ukrainians to cultivate their own identity. This undoubtedly applies to the use of the mother tongue, the activities of all cultural and educational centres, etc. Attempts by Ukrainians to recreate the Ukrainian state after World War I failed due to internal and external factors, among which the Russian played not a minor role. Russia, then a Bolshevik state, saw no other path to its development than ownership of Ukrainian lands and domination of the Ukrainians. To this end, the most brutal methods of persecution of rebellious Ukrainians were used - from the liquidation of any public organizations to the mass destruction of their carriers. During the interwar period, the part of the Ukrainian lands which later, during and after World War II, the USSR (the same Russia, only under a pseudonymise of the federation of "independent" states) seized, in agreement with then Hitler’s Germany, belonged to other states, including Poland. Taking into account what is happening now, the authors would like to dwell briefly on the activities of Ukrainian educational organizations of the time in Volyn, which was under the authority of Poland. The article analyzes the activity and significance of the Ukrainian national cultural centers in Volyn – Prosvita and Prosvita Houses. It is noted that due to the implementation of the “Volyn experiment” voivod H. Yuzevsky destroyed the cultural and educational society Prosvita in the province under various acutenesses and created societies that were supposed to implement the program of governorates. On the basis of the analysis of many facts, the authors came to the conclusion that cultural and educational organizations subordinated to the Volyn Ukrainian Association, contrary to the hopes of the Polish authorities, had little beneficial influence on the development of culture, education, and literature in Volyn. Further experience showed that after the annexation of Volyn to the USSR, using the slogans of liberation of Ukrainians from the Polish oppression, led to the extermination of all centers of both Polish, and Ukrainian cultural and educational activity, because they did not fit into the Soviet interpretation of human rights and democracy as such. There is no doubt that after the end of the current unprovoked bloody war, which Ukraine will eventually win, with the direct comprehensive assistance of the same Poland and the entire civilized world, the problem of eliminating the layers of alienation between Ukrainians and Poles will be viewed from the perspective of what brings us closer rather than separate.
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Balakireva, O. M., D. A. Dmytruk, and N. P. Pyvovarova. "Social and political processes in the state in the mirror of public opinion." Ukrainian Society 79, no. 4 (2021): 182–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2021.04.182.
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Based on the survey data, the authors define the attitude of the Ukrainian population to the following components of modern Ukraine’s social and political processes as the state’s foreign policy; restriction of certain groups of citizens in the right to vote; an ecological situation in macro-regions of residence; and vaccination. The paper provides analysis of Ukrainians’ assessment of the political situation in the country and the level of tension in society. Potential behavioural reactions of Ukrainian citizens to dissatisfaction with socio-political processes in the country have been studied. The authors demonstrate data on the level of trust of Ukrainians at the end of 2021 to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, and the President of Ukraine V. Zelenskiy, the National Bank of Ukraine, political parties, national media, and well-known Ukrainian politicians.
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Rudenko, Sergii, Vadym Tytarenko, Eugene Piletsky, and Kateryna Han. "RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND TOLERANCE IN THE INTERNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION PRACTICES." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Philosophy, no. 4 (2021): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2523-4064.2021/4-5/12.
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This paper presents the recent survey results among 160 international students of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The survey aimed to analyse the international students' opinion concerning the religiosity of Ukrainians to distinguish the existing or possible problems in cross-cultural communication in higher education. Obtained data was generalised, analysed and compared with the results of the similar surveys conducted among Ukrainian respondents. The comparison revealed that religios ity, religious tolerance and religious freedom of Ukrainians, as perceived by international students, are noticeably lower than reported by Ukrainians themselves. The authors believe that the presented Ukrainian case is representative and valid for some neighbouring countries with cultural and historical connections with Ukraine and can contribute to the establishment of good international educational practices.
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Krasnodemska, Iryna, Olena Hazizova, Kateryna Nastoiashcha, and Liudmyla Sorochuk. "Russian policy of discrimination and assimilation regarding ethnic Ukrainians in Crimea after 2014." Cuestiones Políticas 41, no. 79 (2023): 172–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4179.12.
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The article analyzes the Russian policy of discrimination and assimilation of the Ukrainian community in occupied Crimea. Having analyzed a large amount of information and using the methods and principles of historical, sociological and political sciences, the authors came to the conclusion that the actions of the Russian Federation towards the Ukrainians of Crimea are discriminatory in nature, because they consist in the elimination of Ukrainian national identity. It has been established that in Crimea there have been registered numerous violations of Ukrainians’ rights to freedom of conscience, Ukrainian public and political organizations, educational system for Ukrainian-speaking inhabitants of Crimea, media infrastructure, Ukrainian centers and monuments have been illegally liquidated. In addition, culture and religious institutions are being destroyed. In the conclusions, it is stated that the state of the Ukrainian community in Crimea is deteriorating. The authors propose as one of the important components of the state policy of the future de-occupation and reintegration of Crimea, the protection of the Ukrainian identity of the inhabitants of Crimea and full support of the Crimean Ukrainian.
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Vasiutynskyi, Vadym. "Guilt and Apology in the Volyn And Galicia Residents’ Assessments of 1943–1944 Ukrainian-Polish Conflict Authors Vadym Vasiutynskyi." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology”, no. 2(14) (2021): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2021.2(14).2.
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The aim of the study was to clarify the psychological content of assessments of the Ukrainian-Polish conflict of 1943–1944 by the current Ukrainian population of Volyn and Galicia. 100 residents were surveyed using a semi-standardized interview. The answers were processed with content analysis, χ2 criterion, and cluster analysis. Ignorance and uncertainty dominated the events assessments. As a result of quantitative procedures, their content became more specific in such psychological positions: evasive-defensive, compromise-defensive, denial-defensive, humanistic-compassionate, political-accusatory, and self-blaming. The evasive-defensive position was manifested in the reluctance to learn about painful events, avoidance of uncomfortable thoughts, and soft justification of Ukrainians. The compromise-defensive position was to focus on the objective content of the events, acknowledge the mutual guilt of Ukrainians and Poles, and propose not to “stir up” the past. Evidence of the denial-defensive position was denying the importance of the events or the reference to third sides’ provocations. Humanistic-compassionate position included the emphasis on the tragic nature of events, the expression of pity for the dead, and the need to draw the right conclusions. The political-accusatory position meant the negative assessments and accusations of Poles, the unappealable justification of Ukrainians, and the use of patriotic rhetoric. The self-blaming position was embodied in the recognition of the greater guilt of Ukrainians and the need to apologize to Poles.
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Єрмак, Ю. І., та О. В. Бунчук. "ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ВІЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ 1921-1945 РР." Spiritual-intellectual upbringing and teaching of youth in the 21st century, № 3 (2021): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142//2708-4809.siuty.2021.87.
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The publication examines the activities of the Ukrainian Free University as a research center formed by Ukrainian emigration to Europe in the interwar period. The authors’ attention is focused on the activities of this institution as a socio-cultural institution that allowed Ukrainians abroad to preserve their national identity.
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Тaranenko, M., and M. Taranenko. "Questions of legal assessment of the entry and situation of Ukrainian lands within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania." National Technical University of Ukraine Journal. Political science. Sociology. Law, no. 4(52) (December 21, 2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2308-5053.2021.4(52).248146.
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The article considers the problem of formation and development of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the legal assessment of the situation of the Ukrainian lands conquered by Lithuanians. In the context of this problem, the authors analyze in detail the main stages of the Lithuanian state during the reign of Mindaugas, the creation of a centralized system of power and the establishment of the ruling Gediminas dynasty, active expansionist foreign policy during the reign of Prince Olgerd. It is clear that the authors are particularly interested in the process of conquest of Ukrainian lands by Lithuanians through the so-called “quiet expansion” and its main consequences that occurred in the socio-political life of the Ukrainian and Lithuanian peoples. In this context, the authors thoroughly analyze the process of assimilation of Lithuanians by Ukrainians, who were in the state-building and cultural relations much higher than their conquerors. Lithuanians borrow from the Ukrainians the Orthodox faith, the Old Russian language, “Russian Truth”, becomes the main source of law before the adoption of the Lithuanian Statutes. As a result of assimilation processes, Lithuanians who lived on Ukrainian lands forgot who they were – Lithuanians or Ukrainians. Along with the positive phenomena, the article analyzes the negative innovations introduced in Ukraine at this time: the removal from power in Kiev of the princes of the Rurik dynasty and the arrival of representatives of the Lithuanian Gedeminovich dynasty and the creation, unlike Kievan Rus, a strong centralized Lithuanian state. The article analyzes the process of changing the legal status of the Ukrainian lands-principalities, which became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, at the initial stage of its formation and development (broad autonomy with elements of federalism) and during the period of enhanced centralization of grand ducal power and their transformation into governorates of the Lithuanian state in the second half of the XV century. According to the authors of the article, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, despite its different names (Lithuanian-Russian, Russian-Lithuanian states, etc.), was not a Ukrainian state.
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Bidzilya, Yuriy M., Zoriana V. Haladzhun, Viktoriia V. Georgiievska, Yevhen O. Solomin, and Nataliia M. Sydorenko. "Ukrainian communication and media in Romania." Linguistics and Culture Review 5, S4 (2021): 234–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns4.1576.
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Due to the complex geopolitical processes of the twentieth century, Ukrainians became part of various states, in particular, part of this ethnic group became part of Romania. Taking into consideration the historical-political and social conditions, the authors of the paper give complex analysis of the peculiarities of the ethnocultural communication of the Ukrainians of Romania, the establishment and development of the Ukrainian-language press in this country, examines the main problems of the modern functions of the Ukrainian printed mass media and outlines the possible perspectives of their development. The Ukrainian language went through changes in education and mass media in Romania. The situation of the Ukrainian mass media worsened in Romania during the interwar period (especially in the 1930s) due to assimilation processes and turning Ukrainians into Romanians. The expansion of the Ukrainian information communication segment in Romania began with the introduction of the native-language primary and second education (7 grades) in 1948. The Ukrainian printed mass media of Romania are too weak today, they are published irregularly, have too weak influence on the cultural life of the Ukrainian group in this country.
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Andryeyeva, Svitlana, Mykhaylo Lashko, and Iryna Yakovleva. "BORYS GRINCHENKO IN THE EUROPEAN SOCIO-CULTURAL SPACE." Kyiv Historical Studies, no. 1 (2020): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2020.1.20.
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In the article is highlighted the views of a famous Ukrainian writer, social and political figure, educator and humanitarian scientist Borys Grinchenko (1863–1910) concerning the problem of the modern Ukrainian nation civilization choice and its place in the European socio-cultural space. It is determined his main contacts with the European sciences and artists (especially in the spheres of publishing, linguistic, Ukrainian history and culture, problems of the national development of Ukrainians, their presentation in the European community, personal contacts etc.). The authors have came to the conclusion, that Borys Grinchenko preferred European values, democracy and parliamentarism as a way of resolving the problems of national and cultural development of Ukrainians in Russian Empire. Borys Grinchenko collaborated with cultural leaders in numerous European countries, published his works abroad and otherwise introduced Ukraine, its culture and history to the European community. The authors summarize the complex of historical and historiographical sources, the creative and scientific heritage of Borys Grinchenko. Some materials were first introduced into scientific circulation. He actively promoted the achievements of European civilization in Ukrainian society.
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Dyhtyar, R. V., and M. V. Hryhorchuk. "Comparative legal analysis of certain aspects of state formation in the constitutions of the Ukrainian People’s Republic and the Far Eastern Ukrainian Republic (Green Wedge) and other documents." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 6 (February 18, 2023): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.06.3.
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The events of the last eleven months brought to the fore the problems related to the establishment of Ukrainian statehood. The reason for this was the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of sovereign Ukraine on February 24, 2022.This unprecedented violation of international law became an additional incentive for an indepth study of the processes of Ukrainian state formation not only in Ukraine, but also outside its borders, primarily in the territories of the Russian Federation.The authors’ historical and legal analysis of historical and legal documents and archival funds proved that Ukrainians were marked by a desire for self-reliance and independence in any part of the world. This happened despite the fact that ethnic Ukrainians were forcibly evicted from their native land and actually had real prospects of assimilating among the indigenous peoples to whose land they were deported.In this article, the authors carry out a historical and legal study of individual stages of Ukrainian state formation in the Far East in the period 1917-1922. We are talking about the Far Eastern Ukrainian Republic (Green Wedge), a true independent Ukrainian state that existed de facto in the specified time period. It was a state entity that developed and adopted the Basic Law (Constitution of the National and Cultural Autonomy of Ukrainians in the Far East» (at the Second Session of the Ukrainian Far Eastern Regional Council on May 30, 1919).Applying the method of comparativism, the authors performed a comparative analysis of this Constitution and the Constitution of the Ukrainian People’s Republic. The study of the specified historical and legal documents showed close cooperation and national ties between mainland Ukraine and the Far Eastern Ukrainian Republic (Green Wedge). The article provides specific examples of the same understanding and interpretation by the leaders of the Green Wedge and the Ukrainian People’s Republic of the key provisions of state formation, the introduction and use of similar legal mechanisms to assert sovereignty and national identity.
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Prushkovska, Iryna. "THE MATRIX OF A POETIC WORK: PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATION (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE TURKISH TRANSLATION OF "CONTRA SPEM SPERO" BY LESYA UKRAINKA)." Grail of Science, no. 20 (October 7, 2022): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/grail-of-science.30.09.2022.021.
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The translation of fiction plays an important role in the knowledge of the "other". Today, the news about Ukraine comes from the entire world's mass media because of Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine, because of the pain and grief that the Ukrainian people are experiencing. But do all civilized countries know well the "other" – Ukrainians, their history, traditions, culture, or is cultural material and artistic material – poetry, prose, drama, written by Ukrainian authors well presented in the world languages? Unfortunately, it is not enough, and each new translation of Ukrainian literature into foreign languages brings one step closer to familiarity with Ukrainians, their internal culture, sense of dignity, self-sacrifice, civic position, and patriotism. The Ukrainian art includes many talented names, each of which deserves more than one study.
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Kindrachuk, Nadia. "Ukrainian Language in Educational Institutions of the USSR: 1960s–1970s." Historia i Polityka, no. 42 (49) (December 7, 2022): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/hip.2022.036.
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This article examines the position of the Ukrainian language in educational institutions of the USSR during the 60s and 70s of the twentieth century. It is shown that the Soviet government actively implemented the policy of Russification, the aim of which was the complete destruction of the national-educational space of Ukrainians. Numerous decisions and resolutions of the country’s top party leadership have laid a solid foundation for the introduction of Russian as the language of interethnic communication. In the field of education, the ideologues of communism tried to shift the emphasis from the national characteristics of Ukrainians to the “common” for all – the Soviet ones. Oppression of the native language has caused alarm among the Ukrainian public. Realizing that the Ukrainian language is the basis for the preservation and development of the Ukrainian nation, the Ukrainian intelligentsia led the movement to protect it. Disagreeing with Russification, Ukrainians used all possible forms of protest against it at the time. It came to the formation of open opposition to Khrushchev’s educational reform. Many letters were received by various levels of government, newspapers, and magazines from various publishers, whose authors were concerned about the unequal position of the Russian and Ukrainian languages and expressed their indignation at the functioning of a large number of Russian-language educational institutions. Ukrainians were encouraged to spread the Ukrainian language and take care of its further development, thus seeking to preserve their own national identity. And the Ukrainian language continued to live and develop in the thick of the masses.
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Mushketyk, Lesia. "Ethical Ideas and Features of Mentality of Ukrainians in the Works of Scientists of the Past and Present." Materìali do ukraïnsʹkoï etnologìï 21 (24) (November 30, 2022): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mue2022.21.005.
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Scientists, artists and writers have long been interested in the national characterology and features of mentality of Ukrainians, emphasizing their ethicism, which is based on folk culture. As far back as in the 19th century, V. Antonovych, M. Kostomarov, I. Nechui-Levytskyi have distinguished these peculiarities of Ukrainians in a comparative aspect to Russians and Poles. These are, in particular, include democratism, striving for justice, egalitarianism, lyricism, pantheism and others. Well-known scientists such as O. Potebnia, M. Sumtsov, T. Rylskyi H. Bulashev have been also imbued with these issues. The attraction of Ukrainians to Europeanness, not Russian Asianness, has been noted later by M. Hrushevskyi, F. Kolessa, I. Ohiienko, and others. As the mentioned subject was banned in the Soviet times, an important contribution to the study of the Ukrainian mentality and ethnopsychology of Ukrainians has been made by Ukrainian scholars from diaspora. These are the works of F. Vovk, Ya. Yarema, D. Chyzhevskyi, Yu. Lypa, D. Dontsov, etc., where the authors explain the essence of the Ukrainian mentality and the place of Ukrainian ethnos in world culture. Some works of the diaspora researchers O. Kulchytskyi, Ye. Onatskyi, M. Shlemkevych and others are placed in the collection Ukrainian Soul (1956). They emphasize introversion, individualism, anarchism, humanity and striving for freedom of Ukrainians. Following H. Skovoroda and P. Yurkevych, who have written about heart as the core of spirituality, the idea of heart-centeredness is further adopted by such scholars as S. Yarmus, Ye. Kaluzhnyi, B. Tsymbalistyi, I. Mirchuk. Problems of origins and components of the Ukrainian national character have been in the field of view of scientists in subsequent periods also. O. Nelha, A. Bychko, I. Bychko, I. Starovoit, H. Vashchenko, P. Hnatenko, V. Khramova and others have been engaged in their elaboration. Thus, S. Krymskyi has studied the concept of «House-Field-Temple», V. Lychkovakh – the image of the Ukrainian «miracle garden», N. Khamitov has distinguished the main archetypes of Ukrainian culture.
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Vasyltsiv, Taras, Ruslan Lupak, and Olha Levytska. "Trends and Characteristics of the Migration From Ukraine to Poland: The Aspect of Rural Areas and Conclusion for State Migration Policy." Wieś i Rolnictwo, no. 1 (186) (January 20, 2020): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53098/wir012020/03.
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The authors describe modern global migration trends in Europe and in particular in Poland. The problems and risks for the functioning and development of rural areas of Poland during the strengthening of emigration attitudes and internal mobility of the population are identified. The aspects of the Ukrainian migration as a resource for levelling labour-deficit trends in the Polish labour market are substantiated. The official data of the Office for Foreigners in Poland, the Central Statistical Office, the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy, the Department of Statistics of the National Bank of Poland, individual organisations for the study of migration between the Ukraine and Poland are presented and the growing volumes and the scale of external labour migration of Ukrainians to Poland are stated (it is shown that today there are about 1.3 million Ukrainians in Poland, which at about 3.5% of the population is a significant value); key changes in the qualitative and structural characteristics of migration are shown. The main parameters of permanent and labour migration of Ukrainians to rural areas in Poland are characterised. An important conclusion is that, despite still low volumes, there are positive trends and the structural characteristics of Ukrainian emigration to rural areas of Poland are improving. The results of the analysis of the quantitative characteristics of Ukrainian labour migration are presented in the context of their employment in types of Poland’s economic activity such as agriculture,forestry, fishery and hunting. The authors determine features and problematic aspects of this migration. The recommendations regarding the development of joint Ukrainian-Polish practices and regulatory and guidance provisions, as well as the priority tools of migration policy, focused on meeting the socio-economic interests of both countries, are justified.
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Kudria, O. Yu. "ETHNOPSYCHOLOGICAL MOTIVES IN PANTELEYMON KULISH’S WORKS." Literary Studies, no. 59 (2020): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-6346.1(59).89-99.
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The article focuses on Panteleimon Kulish’s works, which is intertwined with ethnopsychological motives; considered the ethnopsychological peculiarities of Ukrainians; clarified the specific of the people’s perception of the surrounding world by using detailed analysis of the conscious and subconscious of the images of the heroes in the writer’s works. Kulish’s works describe philosophical formulas. These formulas are not only declared but also interpreted in all artistic manifestations. Trying to match the artist’s worldview poles and his creative achievements is a unique combination. In authors works are combineted the past and the present, showed the formula of the heart-centeredness of the Ukrainian people and revealed the problems of the Ukrainians. Through psychological motives we can see how Kulish is describing means of our ethnos. All element of his works are focused on showing Ukrainian way of living and trying to find happiness.
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Radchenko, Yuri, and Andrii Usach. "“For the Eradication of Polish and Jewish-Muscovite Rule in Ukraine”: An Examination of the Crimes of the Ukrainian Legion of Self-Defense." Holocaust and Genocide Studies 34, no. 3 (2020): 450–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcaa056.
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Abstract This study examines the German-sponsored Ukrainian Legion of Self-Defense (Ukrains’kyi Legion Samooborony, ULS), both its rank and file and its Ukrainian and German officers. Drawing upon sources in German, Ukrainian, American, and Israeli archives, the authors analyze the Legion’s command structure, its relationship to the Third Reich, and its relationship to the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists branch led by Andriy Atansovich Mel’nyk. The presentation of the political and military careers of lower-, mid-, and upper-level Legionnaires reveals their participation in killings of Jews, Poles, and other Ukrainians. The authors also identify the motivations of many of the actors. A close analysis of one case of German and Ukrainian “cooperation” in the Holocaust and other mass murders, this article relates to the debate over whether Holocaust perpetrators were “Ordinary Men.”
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Trofymenko, Tetiana. "СУЧАСНА УКРАЇНСЬКА ПРОЗА ПІСЛЯ 24 ЛЮТОГО 2022: РЕЦЕПЦІЯ ВІЙНИ". Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, № 16 (8 грудня 2023): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2544-3143.si.2023-16.5.
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The article analyses Ukrainian prose works published after the Russian aggression against Ukraine on 24 February 2022. Generally, the newest Ukrainian prose gravitates more towards the non-fiction genre framework. It is represented by numerous anthologies, mainly with pieces by famous writers, literary critics, and public figures. The authors record personal experiences and reflect on the history of the Russian-Ukrainian confrontation in historical retrospect. Today, the non-fiction format is more popular because it allows essayists to talk about painful topics from a more moderate position and broadcast the situation of Ukrainians to the international community through the mobile genre of short journalistic prose. At the same time, the revaluation of values experienced currently by millions of Ukrainians is manifested in the tendency to cancel everything Russian, which affects the course of the literary process and the distribution of roles among its players, as well as causes the appearance of texts whose style is dominated by hatred of the enemy of the occupier.
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Mihaylov, Valentin, and Stanisław Sala. "Subnational identities in the context of the changing internalgeopolitics. The case of post-revolutionary Ukraine." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 39, no. 39 (2018): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2018-0006.
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Abstract The main changes in the development of identity of Ukrainians after the Euromaidan revolution and their influence on internal geopolitics of the state are presented in the paper. The authors have made a critical overview of the key psychological and symbolic domains of Galician and Little-Russian identity, drawing attention on their changes in the context of the current geopolitical conflict which led to the loss of territory in 2014. Throughout all the 20th century and nowadays, these identities form the political and cultural landscape of Ukraine and generate a number of social divisions. Apart from those identity issues and their preconditions, the obstacles for the realisation of the policy of Ukrainian nation-building are also discussed. The authors conclude that there is a tendency to strengthen the role of the Ukrainian language and break the ties with Russia in a radical way as well as expansion of the pro-Western attitudes and expectations. In terms of mentality and civilizational values, the widening gap between millions of Russians and Russian-speaking Ukrainians from the East and the population of the central and western regions of Ukraine is also pointed out.
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Dzholos, Sergii, and Oksana Koshulko. "SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD IN UKRAINE AND AROUND THE WORLD: LEGAL REGULATION & MANAGEMENT PRACTICE." MEST Journal 10, no. 2 (2022): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12709/mest.10.10.02.05.
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This paper presents the results of theoretical and practical studies of surrogate motherhood in Ukraine and worldwide, its legal regulation, management practice, and prospects of development. It deals with a critical analysis of Ukrainian legislation concerning this subject. The methodology of the research consisted of primary and secondary sources of information. The authors collected primary data from semi-structured interviews with Ukrainians living in Poland, Ukraine, the United States, and several other countries. The interviews aimed to investigate the reasons for the growth of commercial surrogacy in Ukraine. The authors also scrutinized the attitudes of Ukrainians towards the flourishing of this phenomenon in their country. Secondary information the author took from sources such as the International Labour Organization (ILO), the United Nations (UN), and others. The paper also considers surrogacy maternity as a legal fiction and one of the rights of the fourth generation and discusses the links between surrogate pregnancy, exploitation, and human trafficking.
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Malets, Natalija, and Oleksandr Malets. "Dynamics of Cultural and Educational Processes of National Minorities of Transcarpathia of the Second Half of the 20th Century." Balkanistic Forum 30, no. 2 (2021): 232–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v30i2.14.
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The article analyses the dynamics of ethnic composition and ethnic processes in Transcarpathia in the second half of the 20th century, as well as ethno-cultural processes of national consolidation of Ukrainians of the region as part of the Ukrainian nation. The paper evaluates the practice of the Soviet state and the ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) to determine the nature, content and directions of all ethno-national and ethno-cultural policies in Transcarpathia. While researching the consolidation processes of Transcarpathian Ukrainians as part of the Ukrainian nation, the authors showed that the development of the traditions of Ukrainian national culture was seen in the environment of the creative intelligentsia and the majority of the people as an alternative to ideological communication. It is justified that the main goal of the communist authorities in Transcarpathia in 1945-1991 was to establish socialist, economic, political and ideological regime in the region. In order to accelerate this process, a Russian (Russian-speaking) national minority was hastily created in the region by the state authorities, which, having occupied leading political, ideological and economic positions, became a reliable support for the new communist regime. The article analyses the dynamics of ethnic composition and ethnic processes in Transcarpathia in the second half of the 20th century, as well as ethno-cultural processes of national consolidation of Ukrainians of the region as part of the Ukrainian nation. The paper evaluates the practice of the Soviet state and the ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) to determine the nature, content and directions of all ethno-national and ethno-cultural policies in Transcarpathia. While researching the consolidation processes of Transcarpathian Ukrainians as part of the Ukrainian nation, the authors showed that the development of the traditions of Ukrainian national culture was seen in the environment of the creative intelligentsia and the majority of the people as an alternative to ideological communication. It is justified that the main goal of the communist authorities in Transcarpathia in 1945-1991 was to establish socialist, economic, political and ideological regime in the region. In order to accelerate this process, a Russian (Russian-speaking) national minority was hastily created in the region by the state authorities, which, having occupied leading political, ideological and economic positions, became a reliable support for the new communist regime.
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Karamushka, Liudmyla, Oksana Kredentser, and Oleksandr Parshak. "The main trends in the development of psychology of money in foreign and Ukrainian psychology." Організаційна психологія Економічна психологія 4, no. 21 (2020): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/2.2020.4.21.5.
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Introduction. Psychology of money is an important area of economic psychology. Therefore, the analysis of the main trends in the development of psychology of money is an urgent and significant scientific and applied problem. Aim. Based on the analysis of relevant foreign and Ukrainian literature, to determine the main trends in the development of psychology of money in foreign and Ukrainian psychology. Results. Having analyzed the relevant foreign and Ukrainian scientific literature, the authors have outlined the following areas of research in the field of psychology of money: 1) analysis of the phenomenon of money as a certain idea, 2) analysis of monetary behavior as a type of economic behavior, 3) development of assessment tools to study the psychology of money, 4) building monetary typologies, 5) analysis of monetary pathologies and the relationship between money and mental health, 6) study of psychological phenomena related to the concept of money (generosity, greed, wealth, poverty, etc.), 7) finding out the factors behind attitudes towards money. Conclusions. The Ukrainian psychology of money, in the authors' opinion, can focus on studying hryvnia as perceived by Ukrainians, adapting foreign and developing new Ukrainian assessment tools, analyzing macro factors behind attitudes towards money, on the effects of organizational factors on attitudes towards money, as well as on Ukrainians' monetary behavior in the context of their mental and psychological health and their subjective well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Astramowicz-Leyk, Teresa, Olha Ivasechko, and Yaryna Turchyn. "Ukrainians in Poland on behalf of refugees – a case study of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship." Nowa Polityka Wschodnia 38, no. 3 (2023): 60–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/npw20233803.
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The aim of the article is to present the activity of three branches of the Association of Ukrainians in Poland, covering the entire Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. The study also outlines the Association’s activities supporting refugees. The main research hypothesis is that the Association of Ukrainians in Poland is actively engaged in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, and following Russia’s full-scale invasion, members of the Association became extremely proactive both in helping refugees from Ukraine, as well as Ukrainians who stayed in Ukraine, including those from the territory of military operations. The core research problems focuses on the following questions: What efforts did the Association of Ukrainians in Poland undertake to maintain its history, traditions, language and culture? Which activities have been supported by local government authorities, including the Voivodeship ones? How has the Association changed its activity following the Russia’s full-scale aggression against Ukraine on February 24, 2022? Previous studies conducted by the authors demonstrate that economic migrants from Ukraine in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship did not perceive themselves as a part of the Ukrainian minority living in the region. Meanwhile, the relationship between the Association and the refugees is different.
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Kyiak, S. R. "Synthesis of Spiritual-Religious and National in Identification of Ukrainian Church-Historical Process." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 50 (March 10, 2009): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2009.50.2052.
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The origins of Ukrainian spiritual-national identity and the formation of the Ukrainian idea - the "Ukrainian ideological self-concept" - as its team of researchers led by Professor Volodymyr Serhiychuk calls it - are closely interconnected with the origin of Ukrainians and their development of their living space, which is characteristic in Ukrainian history. numerous ethno-spiritual markers, starting with language and church, as expressors and creators of spirituality, and ending with the state, which help to understand the fundamental foundations of the formation of Ukrainian eth okultury and ethnic psychology as Ukrainian national identity, as emphasized by these authors, is formed directly on the basis of Ukrainian character type.
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Kotelevets, Anastasiia, and Yana Martyniuk. "E-VOLUNTEERING AS A POSSIBILITY OF VOLUNTEER ACTIVITIES DURING THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 56, no. 1 (2023): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/5648.
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Volunteerism has long been woven into the lives of Ukrainians. Since 2014, some parts of the Ukrainian society began to volunteer in the military sphere. Since February 24, 2022, volunteering in Ukraine has received a new impetus. It is due to the possibility of online volunteering that many Ukrainians became volunteers in the Russian-Ukrainian war because not all of them were physically able to get involved in volunteer activities. This article defines the concept of volunteering and e-volunteering. It outlines the current data on the state of volunteering. The data of the author's study “Volunteering during the Russian-Ukrainian war. Search for opportunities”, which was conducted in July 2022 has been presented. The purpose of the study was to identify relevant e-resources for searching for volunteer opportunities. The result of the survey indicated the active growth of volunteer activity during the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine. According to the research data, the largest share of respondents gets information about volunteer opportunities through online resources, platforms, and volunteer chat rooms. The authors have presented available online resources to access e-volunteering. They also have provided links to the telegram channel (a platform-based cloud messenger), volunteer platforms, and websites that can help a novice volunteer become familiar with the areas of volunteer activity and identify his or her own associates.
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Барциховська, Людмила, and Оксана Шеремета. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE UKRAINIAN POLITICAL ELITE ON SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE OF GALICIA IN THE LATE XIX – EARLY XX CENTUR IES." Молодий вчений, no. 2 (102) (February 28, 2022): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32839/2304-5809/2022-2-102-9.
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The article considers the peculiarities of the political situation in Galicia in the late ХІХ – early ХХ centuries and demonstrates main directions and methods of governmental activity of Ukrainian political elites at the parliamentary and local levels, aimed at protecting the national interests of Ukrainians. The authors examine the role of the Ukrainian political elite, determined by the factors that had the impact on the formation of this social group and its influence on the development of the Ukrainian national movement in Galicia. The peculiarities of the evolution of the Austrian electoral system are revealed, as well as the role of political parties and church figures in the formation of Ukrainian parliamentarism. The factors that influenced the formation of the Ukrainian political elite and its influence on the development of the Ukrainian national movement in Galicia are identified. It has been established that correctly chosen goals and perseverance, close connection with the needs of the people allowed Galician Ukrainians to become an important player in the political struggle both in the empire overall and in Galicia in particular. The subject of research is – the influence of elites on public administration in Galicia.
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Beregovska, Khrystyna O., Olga A. Tarasenko, Khrystyna M. Nahorniak, Anastasiia D. Pavlyshyn, and Karina D. Davydova. "Cultural identification of a person in the works of William Kurelek." Linguistics and Culture Review 5, S4 (2021): 469–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns4.1587.
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Ethnic groups in Canada try not to dissolve in a foreign national environment and to preserve their identity. Polish-Ukrainian relations are an important topic in the context of studying the immigrant Canadian environment. William Kurelek was interested in this issue and managed to prove the role of Ukrainians in shaping a multicultural Canadian society. The authors of this study aimed to characterize the preconditions and history of the thematic series of Ukrainian immigrants and The Polish Canadians on the basis of artistic works. The works of William Kurelek were characterized and special attention was paid to Polish-Ukrainian motives in his work. The models of Ukrainian-Polish relations through the author's prism of understanding and observing the traditions and culture were derived. Issues of religious tradition, prairie duties, folk celebrations, upbringing, ethnic life and friendship were raised. In his paintings, William Kurelek raised these issues.
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Tymoshyk, Mykola. "Ukrainian Diaspora in the Struggle with Russian Falsifiers of the History of Ukraine after World War II." Ukrainian Studies, no. 2(79) (August 3, 2021): 200–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.2(79).2021.234291.
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The article is based on the author’s processing of the archives of Ukrainian emigration during his research internship in Great Britain. His task was to find out and clarify the means and ways used by the Ukrainian diaspora in its struggle against Moscow’s information and propaganda offensive against the Western community’s positive resolution of the “Ukrainian question” after World War II.That was the time when the Russian governmental machine intensified its counter-propaganda work in the Western direction. Under those conditions, the world continued to perceive Ukrainians as part of the “great Soviet people” who unanimously built communism, and Ukraine itself as only a formal state declaratively writing its name in UN documents as a country with a significant contribution to the victory over fascism.Under the conditions of statelessness, Ukrainian public institutions abroad replaced state embassies and official representations and took on the responsible task to constantly plant the Ukrainian information field.The Ukrainian diaspora used the following means in its struggle against Moscow’s information and propaganda offensive against the Western community’s positive solution of the “Ukrainian question”.In particular, it was a matter of checking the presence of materials on Ukrainian studies in the main libraries of the countries where Ukrainian emigrants lived compactly. Foreign authors’ interpretation of mentions was said about Ukraine and Ukrainians in those few texts was analyzed.Representatives of Ukrainian public organizations established personal contacts with directors of libraries in cities with a compact residence of Ukrainians. The goal was to create Ukrainian book and press departments there. In 1948, a centralized network was established in Munich to provide major foreign libraries with Ukrainian publications.The successful breakthrough of the Moscow information blockade on the issue of the Holodomor of 1933 happened due to publication of a series of English-language brochures on this issue at the expense of the Ukrainian Youth Association abroad.
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Boyko, Angela, and Olena Astapova-Vyazmina. "SPECIFICITY OF IDENTIFICATION PRACTICES IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR AND ECOCIDE." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 63, no. 2 (2024): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/6302.
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The Russian-Ukrainian war has significantly impacted the national self-identification of Ukrainians. The purpose of this research is to examine the issues of national self-identification among Ukrainians in the conditions of war. The article explores how the ongoing war has influenced the national self-identification of Ukrainians, the challenges they face in preserving their national identity, and the factors contributing to the change in national self-identification in the context of war. The article focuses on analyzing the war in Ukraine as a manifestation of genocide and ecocide. The authors examine the complex aspects of the conflict, starting from its social and political roots to the environmental consequences on the natural surroundings. The article explores crimes against humanity and ecosystems, using the example of the war in Ukraine. The application of the terms "genocide" and "ecocide" is emphasized in the context of the war in Ukraine. The authors analyze an attempt to broaden the understanding of the negative consequences of war at the national heritage and environmental levels. The presented arguments and conclusions contribute to understanding the profound impact of war on society and ecosystems and may serve as a foundation for further humanitarian research in defining and qualifying such situations as genocide and ecocide. Special attention in the article is devoted to the transformation of contemporary European values and the challenges of shaping humanitarian and national security.
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Polkovnychenko, Svitlana, and Ivan Salai. "THE IMPACT OF UKRAINIAN MIGRATION ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE AND POLAND." Problems and prospects of economics and management, no. 3(31) (2022): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2022-3(31)-19-35.
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The work is devoted to the study of the impact of migration processes of Ukrainians to Poland on the development of the two countries. Based on the study of scientific sources and the authors' own re-search, the reasons of Ukrainian migration on the Polish vector are summarized in the form of Ishikawa diagram. The reasons for the migration of Ukrainians to Poland are classified by economic, political, social and professional aspects. The current state of migration of Ukrainians to Poland is analyzed using official Polish statistics, sociological research, as well as a survey of Ukrainian migrants conducted by the authors. Two main aspects of migration processes in the Ukrainian-Polish direction are identified: migration with the purpose of employment and education. An annual growth of the number of Ukraini-ans obtaining a work permit in Poland; employment of Ukrainian migrants in various spheres of the Polish economy; rejuvenation of Ukrainian migration; increasing popularity of Polish universities among Ukrainian graduates; increasing share of people who want to integrate into Polish society was detected. The impact of migration processes on the economic development of Ukraine and Poland has been assessed. Both positive and negative consequences for both countries are highlighted. Positive im-pact for Ukraine is an increase in money transfers, reduction of unemployment, return of part of the la-bor force with new knowledge and experience; while positive income for Poland is GDP growth, accel-eration of economic development, filling vacancies, stimulation of consumer demand, reduction of the average market rates of wages, supporting the development of educational institutions. Ukrainian econ-omy is negatively affected in the form of a slowdown in economic development, loss of valuable labor potential, sectoral asymmetries in the labor market, additional government spending on training new professionals, etc.; while in the Polish economy, the probability of unemployment rate growth increases, competition increases between migrants and the local population, who start looking for work in another country, conflicts may arise, etc. Measures aimed at improving the regulation of migration processes to deter emigration and return of migrants, which are consolidated by the areas of change in the country, stimulating business, stimulating workers, are justified.
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Derba, Svitlana, and Viktoriia Liubchevska-Sokur. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF FOREIGN STUDENTS (REACTIVE CULTURAL GROUP)." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 13(81) (2022): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2022-13(81)-274-278.
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In the article the authors consider the basics of teaching Ukrainian speech etiquette to foreign students. The authors analyze the differences between the use of etiquette formulas by Ukrainians and students from other countries. The study of Ukrainian etiquette formulas by students from Eastern countries in practical classes on Ukrainian as a foreign language is analyzed with the help of a textbook prepared by teachers of Ukrainian and Russian as foreign languages of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. In this paper, we propose to consider the basics of teaching speech etiquette to foreign students of the reactive cultural group according to the classification of R. Lewis. This group includes Japanese, Chinese, Finns, Koreans, Vietnamese and others. Why this group? Because at the Institute of Philology of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, at the Department of Ukrainian and Russian as Foreign Languages, Ukrainian is studied mainly by Chinese citizens. Chinese students are extremely polite. They are careful in their speech, mostly silent and attentive. A teacher of the Ukrainian language in a group of Chinese students must understand that they will never refuse any job offered, they will demonstrate incredible diligence. But the teacher must always remember that these students should be formulated only one task, and after its completion, the second, third, etc. Of course, there are differences between the speech culture of Ukrainians and Chinese. Under the influence of Confucianism, Chinese society adheres to the social rule of "everyone has a class" and "the old is more respected than the young." The thematic classification of etiquette formulas in the textbook on the Ukrainian language for foreign students is substantiated, the factors and contexts according to which foreign students should learn to use Ukrainian etiquette formulas are described. The tasks with the help of which foreign students successfully master the Ukrainian language.
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Hulei, Olga Volodymyrivna, Oksana Volodymyrivna Kapran, and Nazar Mykhailovych Nykyforov. "On the Origins of the Formation of Traditional outfits of Ukrainians in the Context of Local History Training of Future Fine Arts Specialists." Південноукраїнські мистецькі студії, no. 1 (June 6, 2024): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/artstudies.2024-1.3.
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The article deals with the peculiarities of the formation of traditional outfits in Ukraine in the context of local history training of future teachers of fine arts. The authors analyze and summarize historical information on the origins of the formation of Ukrainian folk outfits in historical retrospect. The historical evolution of Ukrainian folk outfits dating back to the period of Kievan Rus is considered. The connection with other cultures, close communication with other peoples and their influence on the formation of Ukrainian dress are revealed. The authors establish the distinction between everyday and ritual clothing, which began in Ukraine in late Paleolithic times and met different human needs and identify the factors that influenced the various functions of clothing: national peculiarities, religion, artistic achievements, natural conditions, lifestyle, and distinguishes the functions of clothing: protective, practical, amulet, ceremonial, social, aesthetic, and national. This article identified the factors that influenced the various functions of clothing: national peculiarities, religion, artistic achievements, natural conditions, lifestyle, and distinguishes the functions of clothing: protective, practical, amulet, ceremonial, social, aesthetic, and national. It is proved that the ancient clothing of the Ukrainian population was distinctive and colorful, but the nature of clothing differed from one layer of the population to another. The authors describe illustrative materials – paintings by artists and photographs – with the help of which we can study the diversity of traditional costumes of Ukrainians of the nineteenth century, reflecting images of different social status in different regions of Ukraine. It is stated that the folk outfits of Ukrainians: – has an ancient origin and has preserved certain ancient elements; – has changed, supplemented, improved, complicated and diversified over time; – was divided into everyday and festive (ceremonial) clothing; – was formed under the influence of such factors as natural conditions, lifestyle, working conditions, and social status.
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Polishchuk, Yevheniia, Valentyna Maiurchenko, Oleg Tereshchenko, Maksym Budiaiev, and Serhii Onikiienko. "Unveiling individuals’ financial behavior patterns: The Polish-Ukrainian case study in the pre-war period." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 20, no. 4 (2023): 242–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.20(4).2023.20.
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The study investigates the financial behavior of Ukrainians residing in Ukraine and Poland, aiming to identify patterns for the development of customized financial literacy programs. Additionally, it assesses Ukrainians’ preparedness, within their behavioral patterns, for global crises leading to financial shocks. During January-February 2022, a survey method was used to collect data from randomly chosen two groups of representatives of Ukrainians in Poland (N1 = 280) and Ukraine (N2 = 341). Data were proceeded with SPSS. Common patterns were revealed for both Ukraine and Poland, which are based on traditions and personal beliefs: disciplined cash flows controlling of personal budget and forming reserves for different types of crises; concentration on short-term plans and avoiding long-term ones; lack of trust to financial institutions for saving money. Among distinguished patterns are the following: In Poland, Ukrainians are more responsible and attentive to consumer loans, regularly receive and pay bills. In Poland, the investment portfolio of Ukrainians has a more diverse set of instruments. Online financial services are preferable in Poland. The study helps to identify if financially Ukrainians were ready to resist the russian war in Ukraine. Almost 30% of Ukrainians in Ukraine and 25% in Poland had only reserve for the period 1-3 months. In both countries, they claim they are ready to cover sources of covering unforeseen expenses from their reserves (more than 50% of respondents). AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to express their gratitude to the Kirkland Scholarship Program, the Leaders of Change Foundation, the Polish American Freedom Foundation, the University of Wroclaw and personally to Marek Wróblewski, Professor at the University of Wroclaw, Associate of Ukrainian banks, and to those who helped to disseminate information about the survey, including the Foundation Ukraine, as well as to the respondents and all those who expressed interest in the results.
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Getka, Yoanna, Monika Grącka, and Rostyslav Kramar. "WE WILL NOT CHANGE HISTORY. THE ROLE OF POLISH-UKRAINIAN SCIENTIFIC PROJECTS IN BUILDING EFFECTIVE STRATEGIC COOPERATION IN THE REGION OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 13 (December 21, 2023): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.112054.
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Abstract
 The aim of the article is to highlight the neo-imperial policy of Russia, which uses the same socio-technical methods regardless of the historical period, aimed at destabilizing Europe, especially Central and Eastern Europe, as its sphere of influence, as well as the buffer zone between Russia and the rest of Europe. The authors of the article present the Russian narrative on Polish-Ukrainian relations in order to fuel mutual conflicts, recall historical disputes, and provoke problems in bilateral relations. Importantly, Russian propaganda has institutional support in the education of the next generation of Russians, including: methodologies “The concept of a new didactic and methodological complex of native history”, which strengthens the cultural myths spread by the Russian authorities about Poles, Ukrainians and Polish-Ukrainian relations. The aim of the article is to propose a solution to the problem based on data analysis.
 Methodology. When preparing the article, the basic principles of historical and cultural knowledge were applied: historicism, science, objectivity. The specific research tasks of the study were solved using historical-comparative and cultural methods (analysis of various sources and formulation of appropriate records and conclusions from the research) and through critical analysis of sources. The preliminary conclusions formulated in the article are based on survey materials.
 Conclusions. The analysis of the state of knowledge of young Poles about Ukrainians and Ukrainian culture and the history of Ukraine, as well as of young Ukrainians about Poles, Polish culture and the history of Poland, proves that despite a year of intensive contact forced by the Russian invasion of Ukraine, their knowledge about themselves is low. This still gives Russia grounds for disinformation activities: it allows Russia to formulate separate narratives addressed to Poles and Ukrainians, and thus act to the detriment of building good-neighborly Polish-Ukrainian relations. Demystifying identity myths used by Russia to fuel Polish-Ukrainian conflicts is a huge responsibility of Ukrainian contemporary humanities. Diagnosing the state of knowledge about history, culture and value system among the young generation of Poles and Ukrainians who are starting their professional life is of strategic importance: eliminating existing cultural stereotypes by providing reliable knowledge, activities for integration and building intercultural dialogue, as well as raising awareness of the importance of the community of Polish-Ukrainian experiences. Ukrainian; is the basis for building lasting good-neighborly contacts in the future. This type of research will be carried out by a Polish-Ukrainian research group as part of the "Welcome in Poland" project, financed by the Foundation for the Development of Polish Science.
 Keywords: Poland, Ukraine, history of Ukraine, Polish-Ukrainian cultural contacts, Russian cultural imperialism, 2022, Russian aggression in Ukraine.
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Hrachova, N. "THE PROJECT OF THE UKRAINIAN CULTURAL FOUNDATION “UKRAINIAN LITERATURE IN COMICS”: IDEA, STRATEGIC GOALS, RESULTS." Aesthetics and Ethics of Pedagogical Action, no. 28 (December 19, 2023): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4051.2023.28.293194.
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The article presents the results of the “Ukrainian Literature in Comics” project created with the support of the Ukrainian Cultural Foundation. The authors of the project (project manager Nadiia Hrachova, author of scripts for the online catalog Olha Khodatska, and project creative designer Olena Cherkun) created a cultural-artistic product – an online catalog in Ukrainian and English versions, which highlights the plot of the Ukrainian historical era with the help of graphic visualization. 
 The results of the project “Ukrainian Literature in Comics,” which was done during two stages (2022 and 2023), represent a new interactive study of the Ukrainian written heritage of different periods, considering modern socio-cultural and ideological challenges. Among such challenges, the current one is the development of the motivation of the younger generation to read Ukrainian fiction, the development of the interest of children and adults in reading books by Ukrainian authors as a national treasure, popularization of the Ukrainian literary heritage as a factor of the national security, the creation of reliable interactive content for teachers-philologists, students, their parents, actually for all Ukrainians living in Ukraine and abroad. The result of the project is the creation of a cultural and artistic product for those who are interested in the Ukrainian language, literature, and culture. Furthermore, it will be included in the educational process to reformat the cultural narratives and meanings of Ukrainian society nowadays in Ukraine and abroad, where children-migrants from the temporarily occupied territories study. In the long term, this project is going to have a positive cultural and educational impact on strengthening the moral and spiritual state of Ukrainians, on the development of an individual who is able to care for the spiritual and cultural revival of the country in the post-war period, which will contribute to the unification of the world community against Russian military and cultural expansion as well.
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Blinov, Yevhen. "Topics and problems of modern Ukrainian periodicals in the Balkans (on the example of «Nova dumka» and «Ridne slovo» magazines)." Dialog: media studios, no. 28 (March 31, 2023): 32–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2308-3255.2022.28.268484.
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Ukraine is currently undergoing the most severe period in modern history. In this sense, a very important task for the authorities and society is to establish interaction with the civil society of European countries, to strengthen relations with the people of the Balkan Peninsula, with whom Ukrainians are connected by common spiritual and cultural heritage. the descendants of immigrants from Ukrainian lands – Ukrainians and Ruthenians – have been living on the territory of Croatia and Serbia for several centuries. In addition to historical, cultural and political interests, this article has a journalistic scientific interest, because the official periodicals of the Croatian Ruthenians («Nova Dumka») and the Serbian Ukrainians («Ridne Slovo») for the years 2021-2022 are subject to analysis. The analysis of the implementation of the state policy towards the Balkan Ruthenians and Ukrainians based on the research of the periodicals can be useful for the political circles of Ukraine. Studying the cultural activities of representatives of the Ukrainian diaspora in the countries of the former Yugoslavia, scientists also paid some attention to periodicals. At the same time, the recent events in Ukraine that shook the whole world, for obvious reasons, have not yet come into the focus of such scientists. This article is based on the study of the topics and issues of the periodicals «Nova Dumka» and «Ridne Slovo». Genre features were also investigated. A comparative analysis of journalistic tools used by editors and contributors was conducted. The results of the study allow us to draw conclusions about a certain similarity in the construction of periodicals, the coincidence of genre preferences of the authors. The Ruthenian and Ukrainian periodicals also share an interest in such topics as the government’s activities in the field of national minorities, cultural events, the spiritual life of ethnic groups, and the historical memory of Ruthenians and Ukrainians. At the same time, the painful consequences of the war in the Balkans, which took place at the end of the 20th century, were most vividly reflected in the publications in «Nova Dumka». Both periodicals are interested in Ukrainian topics. A sharp surge in the number of relevant publications took place after the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine. Support for Ukraine, sympathy and readiness to help Ukrainian refugees became the leitmotif of publications in «Nova Dumka» and Ridne Slovo» in the winter and spring of 2022. The results achieved during the research allow us to assess the specifics of modern european periodicals, to learn about the peculiarities of the internal politics of the Balkan states, and to draw conclusions about the problems and social attitudes of Ruthenians and Ukrainians in Eastern Europe.
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Dunaina, Iryna, and Maryna Bondarenko. "Culture and Everyday Life of the Village Stovpiahy (Pereiaslav Region): Field Reconnaissance." Ukrainian Studies, no. 3(84) (November 9, 2022): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.265150.
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The basis of the article is the authors’ field materials recorded in 2017 from the words of the residents of the village Stovpiahy (Pereiaslav region). The main topics of the study are Ukrainian women's folk clothing and Ukrainian women's folk jewelry.This material presents facts that were not reflected in the official documents, but they are important as materials of personal origin. They reflect factual material saturated with observations and thoughts of the respondents about described events, details of people's lives and their moods. In addition, these field ethnographic records contain invaluable information about peasant life, customs, rites, calendar rituals, information about the native village from the point of view of children's and youth's observations. All recorded information is divided into separate sections.The study of the cultural phenomena specifics of both past and present generations of Ukrainians is based on the live connection between the recorder and the interviewer. During this reconnaissance methods of search, survey, generalization, and observation were used. The survey method is one of the main methods of collecting certain information about individual structural components of the traditional domestic culture of Ukrainians, their functioning as a certain system, application to persons having direct experience or knowledge of a subject or events.These ethnographic materials can be used for a thorough study of our own land, our own historical region, one's state, and further research of various areas of the material and spiritual culture of Ukrainians.
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Vovk, O. V. "MEMOIRS OF MEMBERS OF UKRAINIAN MILITARY FORMATIONS IN THE GERMAN ARMED FORCES AS A SOURCE FOR STUDYING THE DAILY LIVES OF SOLDIERS OF WORLD WAR II." Sums'ka Starovyna (Ancient Sumy Land), no. 58 (2021): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/starovyna.2020.58.4.
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The article deals with how the memoirs highlight the peculiarities of everyday life of Ukrainian servicemen who were members of Ukrainian military formations in the German armed forces during the Second World War. Ukrainian combatants published a large number of memoirs, which highlighted the reasons that led them to combine their own destiny with service to a foreign country, described the social and construction conditions in which they found themselves, relations between soldiers, the attitude of Germans to Ukrainians, hopes for future Ukrainian revival. . These memoirs are an important source for studying the daily lives of soldiers during World War II. Although the issue of everyday life of Ukrainian soldiers was considered in the works of researchers, it is of secondary importance. Because of this, there is a problem of a more detailed study of the daily life of soldiers who found themselves in various formations of the German armed forces during World War II, and whose activities were not criminalized by the international community. Significant factual material on this issue provides an analysis of the memories of Ukrainian combatants. The publication provides a critical analysis of the memoirs of P. Hrytsak, M. Kalba, V. Ketsun, R. Kolisnyk, T. Krochak, R. Lazurko, K. Malyi, I. Nahaievskyi, E. Pobihushchyi and others. It was found that the memoirs cover in detail the domestic aspects of the service (military training, leisure, material support, cultural life, morale and mood of the soldiers), relations with the German personnel of the units. The authors’ memoirs contain numerous descriptions of the daily life of soldiers during military training, redeployment and participation in hostilities. Eyewitnesses described the soldiers’ equipment, the content of the instructors’ lectures and talks, the arrangement and plan of the camp, the relations between the Ukrainians and the relations with the Germans, and the peculiarities of the soldiers’ leisure. It is important to describe the transformation of the mood of the Ukrainian soldiers of the Division “Galicia”. These sentiments transformed from optimistic to a complete loss of confidence and growing dislike for German uniforms. Studies of this historical issue indicate that the authors of the memoirs describe the predominantly superior attitude of German personnel towards Ukrainians. It is investigated how the memoirs provide information about relations with the local population in the areas where the Ukrainian units were located. The publication highlights how the memoirs characterize the role of the church and priests in the life of Ukrainian units, which consisted not only in the religious and spiritual care of soldiers, but also in everyday life.
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Lyzanchuk, Vasyl, and Oksana Bilous. "Media as a catalyst of Ukrainian national identity." Integrated communications 15, no. 1 (2023): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-2644.2023.153.
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The article examines the media aspect of historical and contemporary issues related to the formation, development, and establishment of Ukrainian national identity, as well as its role in Ukraine’s information-psychological security system. It emphasizes that the current 28th genocidal and terrorist war by the Russian Federation against Ukraine, like the previous Russian-Ukrainian wars, is a war of identities and civilizations for Ukrainian national and universal moral-spiritual values. The works of identity researchers S. Vovkanych, O. Hnatiuk, M. Hybernia, S. Yekelchyk, V. Kulik, V. Ferenc, and other authors have been reviewed, emphasizing that national identity has a fluid and dynamic nature. The defining criteria of national identity are continuity over time and differentiation from others. National identity has five dimensions: “psychological, cultural, territorial, historical, and political.” (Montserrat Gibernau). Based on the analysis of identity research and media materials, it is affirmed that Ukrainian national identity (both individual and collective) is rooted in the shared psychological, cultural, linguistic, historical, geographical, social, political, and customary aspects of life. The nourishing source of Ukrainian identity is the authentic linguistic and historical experience. The manipulative political-ideological propaganda of Russia, claiming that Ukrainians and Russians are one nation with a single language, culture, faith, and history, has been exposed. It is argued that the distant ancestors of present-day Ukrainians and Russians evolved as ethnic communities under completely different geographic and natural conditions, leading to different ways of life. The Ruthenians=Rusyns=Ukrainians and Mokshans=Muscovites=Russians lived in different worlds, characterized by distinct languages, customs, and the formation of diverse identities. The ideology of the «Russian world», which includes «the promotion of a pan-Russian identity in Ukraine» (M. Zhulynsky), has been debunked. It is emphasized that not only journalists but also politicians, officials, and deputies should have a deep knowledge of the true history, communicate in the Ukrainian language within Ukraine, and spiritually enrich their intellect in order to strengthen their ancestral national identity. In view of the fact that some Ukrainians are under the influence of Russian imperial identity, the need to change the concept of media activity, which should be based on Ukraine-centric principles, is justified. The principle of nation-centricity unifies other principles of media activity and should serve as the foundation for a model of media influence for the further development, deepening, and affirmation of Ukrainian national identity.
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Mizin, Kostiantyn, and Olexandr Petrov. "Metaphorical modelling of cognitive structure of the concept STINGINESS in British, German, Ukrainian and Russian linguocultures." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 8, no. 1 (2017): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.3614.
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This article deals with determining peculiarities of metaphorical modelling of cognitive structure of the concept STINGINESS in British, German, Ukrainian and Russian linguocultures by the way of analysing phraseological objectivation of the concept in the light of the relevant contrastive-linguoculturological approach. The authors establish that mainly common metaphoric models lie at the basis of the metaphors representing the concept STINGINESS. It is determined that despite the prevalence of metaphors containing common meaning of stinginess in the researched linguocultures distinct prevalence of common cognitive features over the specific ones within the metaphors themselves (metaphoric models), the concept STINGINESS is largely filled with ethnically and linguoculturally specific meanings in the contrasted language communities, that is proved by the metaphors STINGINESS IS ILLUSION by British and Germans, STINGINESS IS MEANNESS by British, STINGINESS IS SHAME by Ukrainians, STINGINESS IS NOT A FULLISH THING by Ukrainians and Russians. It is noteworthy that most of the conceptual metaphors representing the concept STINGINESS are commonly found in all the four linguocultures.
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Danylenko, Andrii, and Halyna Naienko. "Linguistic russification in Russian Ukraine: Languages, imperial models, and policies." Ukrainska mova, no. 1 (2022): 21–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ukrmova2022.01.021.
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The paper deals with the vagaries of linguistic russification among the Ukrainians from the midseventeenth century to 1914. The authors explore the major stages in the implementation of the policies of russification in Russian Ukraine, starting with first bans on books printed in Church Slavonic of the Ukrainian recension via the decrees and edicts issued by Peter I together with the Holy Synod to the punitive measures taken by the tsarist regime against new literary Ukrainian in the second half of the nineteenth century. The authors distinguish three languages (Church Slavonic of the Ukrainian recension, Ruthenian, and new literary Ukrainian) which were consecutively exposed to various forms of hostile language management by the tsarist administration.Based on these three languages and the classification into different models of imperial policy, a new periodization of linguistic russification and denationalization is substantiated. The material analyzed with the help of this new periodization proves that Russia’s rulers had special reasons for treating Ukraine more severely than other non-Russian areas, resulting in a constant, consistent, and long-lasting policy of linguistic russification in Russian Ukraine. Keywords: Ukrainian-Russian interlingual relations, sociolinguistics, Russification, imperial censorship, Rusian language, Ruthenian, Church Slavonic language, Standard Ukrainian
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Bohomolets-Barash, Oleksandr. "Representation of the concept of EUROPE in Ukrainian language of the XVI–XVII centuries." Ukrainian Linguistics, no. 52 (2022): 54–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/um/52(2022).54-78.
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Background. The topics related to Europe are attracting increasing interest due to the ongoing process of Ukraine integration in the European Union. It is generally accepted that Ukraine is a part of Europe – not only geographically, but also culturally. Since Ukraine gained its independence, Europe as a concept has received much attention. The past decade has seen a renewed importance of the concept ‘Europe’. Firstly, Euro-2012 was held in Ukraine. The next year (2013) began Euromaidan, which was followed by the Revolution of Dignity (2014). Ukrainians fought for their European choice. Started in 2014, Russian aggression grew into the full-skale invasion in Ukraine. In 2022, Ukrainians fought for Europe itself. Aims and approach. The first studies of the concept ‘Europe’ considered it a phenomenon of modern Ukrainian history and language. Therefore, researchers have mainly focused on a synchronic approach to the topic. Few scientists have addressed the issue of evolution of the concept of Europe. This paper outlines a diachronic approach to the studies of analyzed concept. Our knowledge of Europe in its relation to Ukraine is largely based on very limited linguistic data. The aim of the research was thus to define the origins of the concept of Europe and evaluate its history through the Ukrainian language history. This study examines specific proper names, used to describe Europe by the Ukrainian authors or translators in Ukrainian language during the XVI–XVII centuries. Such words include names of European countries or cities and their inhabitants. These names were found in different sources, mainly historical or religious documents. Methodology. A qualitative approach was selected in order to obtain in-depth information about Europe from the works of Ukrainian authors and translators into Ukrainian language during the XVI–XVII centuries. Our technique was based on linguistic data analysis and interpretation. Through the use of cognitive analysis we were able to build the nominative and semantic spaces of the concept ‘Europe’. Findings & results. A variety of European toponyms and demonyms in Ukrainian language of XVI–XVII centuries were found and examined. These words represent the concept of Europe and form its nominative and semantic spaces. The first mention of Europe dates back to 1591. At the same time, various names of European countries and cities were frequently used, due to constant trade relations between Ukrainian and European merchants. Another source of knowledge about Europe was foreign literature, known to those educated Ukrainian who learned different European languages and, therefore, translated such works into Ukrainian. Pilgrims to holy places, like Roma, also broadened Ukrainians’ knowledge about Europe. Taken together, these findings highlight a significant role for the concept of ‘Europe’ in Ukrainian language.
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HOLUBKO, Viktor. "Military Aspects of Ukrainian State Formation on the Pages of “The Russian Revolution`s Archives” by Josef Hessen." Наукові зошити історичного факультету Львівського університету / Proceedings of History Faculty of Lviv University, no. 23 (June 8, 2022): 387–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/fhi.2022.22-23.3632.
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In this article the explanation of the military aspects of the Ukrainian state formation of 1917–1920-s by the memoiristics of the White Russian emigration is analyzed using the materials of “The Russian Revolution`s Archives”. It was found out that practically all the authors were on chauvinistic imperial positions, they didn`t admit Ukraine as an independent state, they proved its incapability in the sphere of the military building. To discredit the Ukrainian liberating struggle they manipulated or confused the facts. The largest number of materials concerning the military building of Ukraine belong to the period of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky (May – December, 1918). It was the time when ex-imperial bureaucracy and the old tsar army’s officers had saved themselves from the repressions of the Russian bolsheviks and they settled down on the territory of Ukraine. In spite of the sympathy of the Ukrainian government towards them, they considered the Ukrainian state being really temporary. Russian White emigrants’ authors gave very negative marks to the military activity of the Ukrainian People’s Republic during the period of Directory (December 1918–1920). Later, following the policy of the reestablishment of the “only and indivisible Russia” they denied the possibility of the forming of anti-bolshevik front together with followed tactical and not strategical opinion. The author proved that in the explanation of “The Russian Revolution`s Archives” the military aspects of the Ukrainian state formation are described through the prism of the Russian imperial chauvinism. The idea of the Russian imperialism dominated in the attitude of nearly all the Russian polities towards Ukraine. They principally denied the existence of the Ukrainian independent state with own military forces. The majority of the authors of “The Russian Revolution`s Archives” propagandized the thesis: Ukrainians could create neither state nor army. The army which had been created in Ukraine they treated as antisocial due to the depot formation. At the same time the White emigrants’ authors pointed out the faults of the Ukrainian military building: real lack of qualified military specialists, non-adapted military terminology, lack of practical experience in the military building. But they ignored the reasons of these faults which were conditioned by the Ukraine’s existence under the foreign empire authorities, the russification process, and not by the Ukrainians’ intellectual abilities. In fact, the judgment of the Russian White emigration stated in the materials of “The Russian Revolution`s Archives” outlived this emigration because of the empire policy of modern Russia towards Ukraine.
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Bilavych, Halyna V., Natalia V. Sultanova, Uliana Z. Borys, et al. "Health-saving technologies as a need and lifestyle of Ukrainians." Wiadomości Lekarskie 77, no. 4 (2024): 834–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202404132.
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Aim: The article analyzes the health-saving technologies of Ukrainians in Eastern Galicia (the end of the XIX century – 1939). Materials and Methods: In the investigation a number of scientific methods are used: chronological, historical, specific-search, content analysis, providing selection, analysis of the source base, allowing to identify general trends, directions of development, achievements and gaps in the movement for the health of children and adults in Galicia; sources of Ukrainian and Polish authors of different generations in the field of health protection and preservation, physical education and sports, education and upbringing were used, their views and research results were presented. Conclusions: A component of the health-saving philosophy of Ukrainians (children, youth and adults) of Eastern Galicia in the late XIX – 30s of the XX century was the idea of physical education. Through traveling and camping, playing sports, improving children, youth and adults in places of active recreation (≪dwellings,≫ ≪half-dwellings,≫ ≪cuttings,≫ etc.), the philosophy of health conservation took a leading position in the interwar period of the XX century. The physical education movement had particular successes when a wide circle of Ukrainian youth joined it. There was an original Plast method of physical education of a Ukrainian – physically, spiritually, morally, mentally healthy person, for whom health preservation is a way and philosophy of life, a vital need. All this actualizes the problem of health-oriented public initiatives, which should be creatively used in the current challenges in Ukraine.
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Ilnytska, Luiza. "European humanitarian scientists in Shevchenko Scientific Society: Ukrainian studies discourse." Proceedings of Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, no. 15(31) (2023): 89–146. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0315-2023-15(31)-4.
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The article analyzes the participation of European humanitarian scientists in the scientific activities of the Shevchenko Scientific Society in Lviv (NTSh) in 1873–1939. With no independent Ukrainian state, this scientific organization was perceived in the scientific world as a substitute for the National academy of Sciences and the only all-Ukrainian center of Ukrainian studies, due to the ban to print in Ukrainian at the East of Dnipro river imposed by the Russian Empire. NTSh considered its task to declare the national self-sufficiency of Ukrainians, their history, language and culture in the world public space, to affirm the conciliarism of the Ukrainian lands, divided at that time by the border between two empires. These tasks were promoted by acquaintance with the achievements of European science and culture, establishing contacts with foreign scientists, and publishing their studies in the main serial journal “Notes of Shevchenko Scientific Society” (1892–1937), awarding the title of permanent members of NTSh to the foreign scientists with the research related to the Ukrainian question (68 members in total). The participation of European scientists in the activities of the Society is considered here, based on the materials of the “Records of Shevchenko Scientific Society” (Vol. 1–155). The articles authored by them that were published in “Notes”, as well as the reviews by Ukrainian authors on the studies of foreign scientist published in European publications, are analyzed. In discussions with foreign scientists, Ukrainian scientists defended the principal concepts of NTSh: interpreting Ukrainians as a state nation, highlighting the history of Ukraine on the basis of archival documents, refuting the anti-scientific ideas of Russian historians who denied the autochthonousness of Ukrainians, establishing the Ukrainian language as an independent language among other Slavic languages. Correspondence of outstanding figures of NTSh, Mykhailo Hrushevskyi, Ivan Franko, Volodymyr Hnatyuk with European scientists Vatroslav Yagich, Lubor Niederle, Alfred Jensen, Baudouin de Courtenay, Raymond Kindl, Volodymyr Peretz, Oleksiy Shakhmatov is interpreted as an important factor in the Society’s cooperation with the European scientific world. Keywords: Notes of the Shevchenko Scientific Society (Notes of NTSh), European humanitarian scientists, autochthonousness of Ukrainians, conciliarism, national language, M. Hrushevskyi, I. Franko, V. Hnatiuk, M. Korduba, Z. Kuzelia, V. Yagich, L. Niederle, R. Kaindl, Baudouin de Courtenay, A. Jensen, O. Brickner.
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Lavrynenko, Hanna, and Łukasz Donaj. "Mental Revival of Ukraine: A Stranger Among Friends?" Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne, no. 2 (December 28, 2023): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssp.2023.2.3.
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The authors of the study analyze the problem of the mental revival of Ukrainians in the post-war period, as well as consequences of the division of society into the categories of “friends” and “strangers”. The authors distinguish three stages in which the Ukrainian society distanced itself from Soviet political system values in the transition from homo soveticus to the modern Ukrainian political mentality: political distillation, sublimation and calcination. Two waves of internal migrants in independent Ukraine have been identified: the first in 2014–2015, and the second and after February 24, 2022. The study focuses on the profession as an indicator for the level of political awareness among citizens. It is noted that since the beginning of the hybrid war, there has been a division of Ukrainian society into those who left and those who remained to live under occupation. The attention is also paid to the importance of understanding the motivation and behavior of these people, as well as reasons for making decisions in favor of or against cooperation with the occupants. The issue of potential and existing manifestations of collaboration in the occupied territories is analyzed. By using the “triangle of power and relations by Stephen Karpman”, the article examines general sentiments of Ukrainians on the division of their society into “friends” (“heroes”) and “strangers” (“traitors”) during military operations in Ukraine. The authors analyze communication and behavior types of citizens within three models: “victim”, “traitor” and “hero”. The study indicates that citizens who were and were not in the occupied territory are wary of each other; several scenarios of relations between them are identified. The first is acceptance as “friends”, a manifestation of compassion, a tolerant attitude, and willingness to help the “victim”. Another scenario is non-acceptance by the community, assignment to the category of “stranger”, and tense and suspicious attitude towards the “traitor”. The authors note that, in the post-war period, another division of society is likely to be observed, but not on the basis of the language or territory, but on the actual place of residence of citizens (in territories occupied or controlled by Ukraine) during hostilities.
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Lagno, Anna R. "Who, what, to whom and on what language speaks? Polish-Ukrainian borderland in the 1940s: from the history of a family." Central-European Studies 2019, no. 2 (11) (2020): 228–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2619-0877.2019.2.10.
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Polish-Ukrainian borderland is commonly associated with Austrian Eastern Galicia. The river San marked the western border, and the river Zbruch marked the eastern one. It was multiethnic and multicultural land. At the beginning of the twentieth century Eastern Galicia acquired an exceptional symbolic meaning, becoming the place of collision of two state projects - Polish and Ukrainian. The complex relationship between Ukrainians and Poles was escalated by the Second World War. The problem of national minorities was to be solved by resettlement, that took place from 1944 to 1946. So during and after World War II, this region lost their traditional multiethnic character. Poles, Jews, and smaller numbers of Germans were replaced by Ukrainians from those territories that became part of the new Polish state. From this period Eastern Galicia became the part of the Ukrainian Soviet Republic. This article centers on the question of what were the essential features that delimit the identity of Poles and Ukrainians in the mid-1940s? For answering on this question, I have chosen unpublished memoires of a man who was born in 1913 in Austrian Galicia, lived in Lviv voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic and died in Soviet Ukraine; I also use oral conversations with his children. Methodologically this paper is based on the work of Frederick Barth and Iver Neumann, who concluded that the most effective way of studying identity is to investigate the significant markers of identity that delimit the culture of this group from the culture of the «Other». Thus, it has been noted by many authors, identity is a very complex subject, that is difficult to study. The historical sources used in this article, shows that identity of the Polish-Ukrainian borderland population is ambivalent, blurred. The most significant marker of ethnic identity - language - does not «work» for the population of the Polish-Ukrainian borderland due to the widespread bilingualism. Difficulties arise with another markers - differences in denomination affiliation and the territory.