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Journal articles on the topic 'Ukrainians in Canada'
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1
Zubyk, Andrii. "Modern Ukrainian diaspora in Canada and the USA." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 52 (June 27, 2018): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2018.52.10175.
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The current state of the Ukrainian diaspora, which is living in Canada and the United States, is analysed in this article. The Ukrainian diaspora in these countries has more than a century history. It is the second (Canada) and the third (USA), after the Russian Federation in the world by the number of Ukrainians. More than a third of the total number of Ukrainians outside of our country is overall living in Canada and the United States. The results of the census conducted in these countries, including their ethnocultural component, ethnicity, country of origin, native language and the language usually spoken at home were information basis of the study. In accordance with the results of the census, which reflect the resettlement and ethnolinguistic conformity of the Ukrainian diaspora, the author maps in the environment of program ArcMap are created. The Ukrainian diaspora resettlement in terms of provinces (Canada) and states (the USA) is analysed in the article. As a result of the late XX–early XXI century census, changes in its settlement is also revealed. It was found that Canadian Ukrainian diaspora lives mainly in the provinces, where Ukrainian emigration had begun. In the US, with the appearance of the fourth “wave” of Ukrainian emigration its resettlement has changed: unlike the early twentieth century when Ukrainians mostly arrived in Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio at present Ukrainians prefer emigration to the states of Washington, Oregon and California. The study found that the Ukrainian diaspora in these countries, despite the preservation of their ethnic origin, undergo significant linguistic assimilation. According to census found that in Canada and the USA minor ethnolinguistic conformity of the Ukrainian diaspora. The territorial regularity in ethnolinguistic conformity of Ukrainian diaspora: the smaller in number Ukrainian diaspora, the higher ethnolinguistic conformity are traced. Key words: Ukrainian diaspora, assimilation, entho-linguistic conformity, immigration, settlement, native language.
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Lazebnyk, Stanislav. "Ukrainian Canada (The Present of the Ukrainian Community and Its Harmonious Life with Ukraine)." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XXI (2020): 625–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2020-30.
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The article narrates about the Ukrainian community in Canada, one of the most organised diasporas in the world, which from the times of its founders to the current generation has preserved its national identity, cultural traditions, and is duly represented in power structures of the country of the red maple leaf. Throughout its 129-year history, the Ukrainian community has consistently defended, to the best of its abilities, the national interests of Ukraine at different times. The author glorifies the cohort of prominent Canadian Ukrainians, who have soared to greater heights in their environment, reached the pinnacle of power on the state level, and hold prestigious posts in the legislative and executive branches at the federal and provincial levels. In Canada, there has developed an extensive scientific and educational base of Ukrainian studies, a Ukrainian-language degree system of education, including pre-school and extracurricular institutions, bilingual schools, and university courses in Ukrainian studies. The language, literature, history, geography, and folklore of Ukraine are taught in ten universities around the country. Canadian Ukrainians have a substantial cultural heritage of their own. The author stresses that support to Ukraine in different realms of life is provided by personal resources of Canadian Ukrainians and in cooperation with the Government, local non-governmental organisations and commercial corporations, the Canada-Ukraine Foundation. There is an atmosphere of sympathy in the Ukrainian environment and throughout Canada to the Ukrainian people combined with the willingness to help them. Following the Russian aggression against our state, Canadian Ukrainians intensified assistance to the land of their ancestors. Sacrifice, patronage, and participation in the volunteer movement have become a way of life for many in the community. All of these noble features are especially evident in the most challenging periods of the history of Ukraine. Keywords: Canada, Ukrainian community, national interests, Canadian Ukrainians
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Makar, Vitaliy. "125 years since the beginning of Ukrainian Immigration to Canada." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 33-34 (August 25, 2017): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2016.33-34.13-25.
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According to the Canadian Customs records that preserved in the archives on September 9, 1891 well-known Ukrainian Calician Ivan Pylypiv and Wasyl Yelynyak came to Canada. Following them hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians immigrated to the new land, as Canada was called by those who got there. The author investigates the immigration waves of the Ukrainians to Canada: before World War I; between Wars; after World War II; and after collapsing of the Soviet Union. Also, the Cana- dian researches talking about one more wave of the Ukrainian immigration to Canada – from the begining of 80th last century from Poland.
According 2011 Canadian census of population and the counts of the last years there are more then one million and three hundred of thousands persons that recognized themselves of Ukrainian descend. The author charaterizes the peligious, cultural, national and political life of Ukrainians in Canada. The main role in this paper is dedicated to Ukrainians role for Canadian political life, their involvement into local, provicial and federal governmental structure.
Keywords: Post-communist countries of CEE, theoretical and methodological approaches, political transformation
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Romaniuk, Svitlana. "Native Language Education in Ukraine and the Ukrainian Diaspora: Comparative Analysis at the Turn of the Century." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 1, no. 2-3 (December 22, 2014): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.1.2-3.305-310.
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The trends of development of native language education of Ukrainians living in Ukraine,the USA and Canada have been analyzed. They are stipulated by globalization as well asintegration processes on a global scale in the end of the 20th and at the beginning of the 21stcenturies. Their dependence on state language and language education policies in Ukraine havebeen grounded together with national consciousness of the Ukrainians whereas the westerndiaspora dependence on external (language policy in the country of residence, assimilation,assistance from Ukrainian part) and internal factors (national consciousness of Ukrainians in thediaspora, their integration into different society, functioning of native language education, publicorganizations) have also been reasoned.The functioning of institutions in the USA and Canada have been studied (parents/family –kindergartens – Ukrainian Studies Schools and Courses at Universities). Where the subjects inUkrainian Language and Systems of State Educational Institutions for young generations of theAmerican and Canadian Ukrainians are being taught.The following key trends of native language education have been distinguished: bilingualism(Russian-Ukrainian languages in Ukraine which, in general, has a negative impact on the status ofnational language. English-Ukrainian languages in the USA and Canada which is an essential partof the integration of national minorities representatives into the societies of these countries);reduction of Ukrainian language speakers in the USA and Canada as well as in Ukraine; stateassistance in language teaching for ethnic communities/minorities in Ukraine and separateCanadian provinces; seeking for efficient means and methods of teaching native language inpolytechnic / multilingual environments such as mountainous regions of the USA, Canada andUkraine.The conclusion is that despite of assimilation and migration processes in the diaspora andUkraine, the need of Ukrainian language learning is growing. This is particularly connected withthe fourth emigration wave of Ukrainians who are willing to study their own language and obtainappropriate education.
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Solonska, Nataliia. "Folklore Activities of Ukrainians in Canada in its Multicultural Space." Ukrainian Studies, no. 1(78) (May 20, 2021): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.1(78).2021.225005.
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The article considers the folk culture of Canadian Ukrainians as a social institution. It has undergone changes in the information field of multiple cultures and foreign language culture, compared to the social institution of the folk culture which existed in its historical homeland. The institutional approach allows us to transform the theory of institutionalism into the ethnic culture of the Ukrainian diaspora community. This social institution of the folk culture of Ukrainians abroad falls under the concept of the traditional “institution”, possessing such features: the mass behavior of the community members and their awareness. The folklore of Canadian Ukrainians as a social institution, having a common historical and cultural foundation with the community dating back to the ancient Rus’ times, is now distinguished by a superstructure, whose model and specifics are determined by the information and communication of the multicultural Canadian space. The article raises the problem of the inevitable interference of the folk culture of the Ukrainian diaspora, which is under the direct influence of language interference, the inevitable interference of cultural worlds and phenomena in the interethnic environment. This statement can be projected on all foreign regions inhabited by Ukrainians.
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SOVA, Andrii. "EDUCATIONAL-TRAINING ACTIVITIES OF IVAN BOBERSKYI IN CANADA." Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 33 (2020): 294–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2020-33-294-305.
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The study investigates Ivan Boberskyi's educational-training activities in Canada during 1920-1932 years, based on documents of the state archives of Ukraine and Ukrainian periodicals of the USA, Canada, and Halychyna. Despite his public and political activism as a participant in Canadian Ukrainians' cultural and educational events, he devoted a lot of effort and time to educational work in Winnipeg and other settlements in Canada. His cooperation as a teacher and author of scientific-methodological works on various aspects of physical education and sports with the «Ridna Shkola» and the Ukrainian Institute «Prosvita» is considered. Describing the activities within the Organization of Ukrainian Teachers of Canada, the author highlights I. Boberskyi's teaching of various subjects at teacher training courses and performances at various events, parties, and celebrations by this authoritative organization. I. Bobersky provided counseling to many people and organizations living and operating in Canada. Within the St. Raphael Society for the Guardianship of Ukrainian Immigrants in Canada and the Ukrainian society «Sokil-Batko» in Lviv carried out publishing and editorial work. The author notes, while in the diaspora, I. Boberskyi did not sever ties with the «Sokil-Batko» society, helped it in publishing, consulted, reviewed, gave, and raised funds for various needs. In various publications, he explained the tasks of the Ukrainian «sokil» movement in Halychyna and Europe, the importance of physical education and sports for Ukrainians. Keywords: Ivan Boberskyi, Canada, educational-training activities, Organization of Ukrainian Teachers of Canada, «Ridna Shkola», «Prosvita», St. Raphael Society for the Guardianship of Ukrainian Immigrants in Canada, «Sokil-Batko», Ivan Boberskyi Canadian Library.
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Lehr, John C. "Review Essay: Ukrainians In Canada." American Review of Canadian Studies 20, no. 1 (March 1990): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02722019009481523.
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Trzeszczyńska, Patrycja. "Ukrainians from Poland in Canada: between ukrainian and polish diasporas." Ethnology Notebooks 146, no. 2 (March 21, 2019): 481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/nz2019.02.481.
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Temirova, Nadiia. "FORMATION OF UKRAINIAN MEMORIAL AND MONUMENTAL SPACE IN CANADA." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki 1 (December 17, 2020): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-7-13.
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The article is devoted to the study of the process of formation of the Ukrainian memorial and monumental space in Canada. The study is based on written (information leaflets, programs of events, materials from the Government of Canada, documents of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine [CP(b)U]), pictorial (photo images of monuments), electronic (materials from the official websites of Ukrainian embassies in Canada and Canadian embassies in Ukraine, public associations of Ukrainians in Canada) sources. They showed that in Canada, more than twenty monuments are dedicated to the iconic subjects of the Ukrainian history. They are located in five provinces – Alberta, Quebec, Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan, which are places of compact residence of Ukrainians. It is shown that the monuments are dedicated to important events of national history, namely: emigration, the Holodomor, as well as prominent writers and poets. Six memorials commemorate the victims of the Famine of 1932–1933 in Ukraine, and four monuments honour the figure Taras Shevchenko. All, except one memorial, were installed in the second half of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The culmination of the activity of the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada took place at this time. The initiative to erect monuments in most cases belonged to the Ukrainian community. Funding was provided by private donations, which indicates the existence of an internal need to create their own symbolic space. The unveiling of each monument was accompanied by the mass of people, and Canadian high-ranking officials were often present, which demonstrates the organic fit of the Ukrainian memory into the all-Canadian one. It is noted that several monuments were donated to the Ukrainian Canadian community by the Soviet government on behalf of the Ukrainian people. Such actions testified to attempts to expand the Soviet Union’s influence on the Ukrainian diaspora. Thus, the community of millions of Ukrainians in Canada has not only preserved its language, religion, and traditions, but also outlined the visual space of its own history through the installation of monuments. This strengthened their self-identification with the Ukrainian people and their ethnic homeland.
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Mashkova, Inna. "METHODOLOGICAL RESOURCES FOR UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE STUDY IN TODAY'S CANADA." Aesthetics and Ethics of Pedagogical Action, no. 14 (September 9, 2016): 172–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4051.2016.14.171611.
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The article analyzes modern state and development of methodological resources for Ukrainian language study in Canada nowdays. Cultural development of Ukrainian Canadians, their efforts in preserving their national identity became an example of success for other ethnic groups in North America primarily through education and the printed media, where broad and diversified activities of the Ukrainian community in Canada are reflected.The analysis of psychological and pedagogical, methodological, culture studies and other works of prominent Ukrainian educators in North-American periodicals of Ukrainian Diaspora proves a considerable role and significance of professional periodicals in forming professional competency of teachers.Efforts and attempts of Ukrainian-Canadian educationalists resulted in high quality Ukrainian-language learning programs (for example English-Ukrainian Bilingual Program – EUBP) and methodology that are due to the cooperation of talented scientific and practical educational staff applying new innovative technologies. Since national self-identification is realized through the native language (mother tongue) its learning and practical using by the Ukrainian community in Canada for more than 100 years was the very challenge but due to the Ukrainian Diaspora activities and federal government support it is in Canada where Ukrainian- language studies are realized in the most effective way. In a special educational environment in many Canadian provinces children have the chance “to thrive” in the public school system while extending their language capabilities and cultural awareness. As a result, the heritage language program promotes self-esteem of children and their parents, enhances personal and cultural identity, provides for better communication and problem-solving skills, expends cultural, economic and professional opportunities preparing them for living and working in cross-cultural environments.The author considers schooling to be an important factor of Ukrainian diaspora self-identification and activities in Canada that promotes forming and maintaining national identity of new generations of Ukrainians abroad as an integral part of active Ukrainians worldwide and emphasizes the prospectives of the positive experience of multicultural education in Canada and their implementation into policultural nations' education systems.
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Didkivska, Lesia. "Migration of Ukrainians at the pre-industrial stage of social development." Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni 2019, no. 52 (2019): 138–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2019.52.138.
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The subject of the research is the migration history of Ukrainians at the pre-industrial stage of social development. The purpose of the article is the historical and economic analysis of migration trends and the identification of geographical vectors of the first migration flows on Ukrainian lands and the institutional factors and socioeconomic consequences of the spread of migration sentiment among the population during the period. The result of the study is the identification of features of the first migration flows in the Ukrainian territory, the classification of migration according to its causes, the identification of directions of the resettlement of Ukrainians and the consequences of emigration of Ukrainians. It was revealed that the labour migration of Ukrainians was preceded by political migration related to the regular attacks of Tatars and Turks, the fall of Kievan Rus, the loss of national statehood, the colonization of Ukrainian lands by foreign states. In spite of a number of negative consequences, the Ukrainian people received both economic benefits and qualitative progress in state-building. At the same time, labour migration led to the irreversible loss of the economically active working population, above all the peasantry, who were the most important group among Ukrainian emigrants. The main factors contributing to the labour migration of Ukrainians were similar: institutional (abolition of serfdom), demographic (reduction of mortality rate, while maintaining high fertility), socio-economic (low-income Ukrainian peasants, mass impoverishment and low standards of living), innovative infrastructure (development of the newest means of communication and large geographical discoveries) that encouraged intercountry resettlement. However, the vector of migratory flows of Ukrainians was rather diverse: Ukrainians under Austro-Hungary (Galicia, Northern Bukovina and Transcarpathian Ukraine) were covered by intercontinental migration (USA, Canada, Brazil and Argentina), while the peasants of the Left Bank and Central Ukraine migrated to the Northern Caucasus and the Far East.
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Romaniuk, S. "CURRENT TRENDS OF TEACHER TRAINING IN UKRAINIAN ABROAD." Aesthetics and Ethics of Pedagogical Action, no. 23 (August 4, 2021): 195–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4051.2021.23.238280.
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The article analyzes the modernization processes in the modern education system of Ukraine, primarily in the formation of its pedagogical potential. The expediency of using in this sphere the achievements of foreign states in which Ukrainians live is substantiated. It has been proved that the most significant experience in training pedagogical staff for the Ukrainian schooling system in the diaspora has been developed in Canada. It is carried out by universities and university colleges. It is established that their educational and professional programs include academic courses, professional courses, and practical activities at school (educational practice). The task of these courses is to provide future teachers with knowledge of the subjects they will teach at school. The curricula include mandatory fundamental disciplines (development of children/adolescents, education of children with special needs, methods of teaching different subjects, theory of learning, etc.) and optional courses of professional direction offered by universities. The peculiarities of training teachers of Ukrainian disciplines in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Toronto universities and the organization of their further professional growth by public institutions of Canadian Ukrainians are analyzed. It was established that Ukrainian studies in Canadian universities have a degree structure of training specialists and cover three levels: Bachelor, Master, and Ph.D. However, different universities have different Ukrainian language training programs and, accordingly, their graduates have various opportunities for further employment. It was found that postgraduate education and professional growth of Ukrainian school teachers are provided by public organizations of foreign Ukrainians (World Coordinating Educational Council, Congress of Ukrainians of Canada, School Councils, etc.). They organize summer teacher training courses, seminars, webinars, online training, etc. The ideas of foreign experience, which it is advisable to creatively implement in the activities of institutions of higher pedagogical education in Ukraine, are distinguished.
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Romaniuk, Svitlana Zakharivna, and Iryna Shaposhnikova. "Bilingual Schools as a Model of National Education of the Ukrainians Abroad in a Foreign Language Environment." Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość XVII (May 1, 2021): 229–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.9108.
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The article provides a retrospective analysis of the evolutionary proc-esses of formation and development of native language education of Ukrainians in the polyethnic environment of Canada and the important role of the state bilingual (Ukrainian-English) school, their importance in preserving the national culture of diaspora Ukrainians. The organizational and pedagogical principles of the educational process in bilingual schools as the main means of learning the native language by Canadian Ukrainians are highlighted. In Canada, there are four types of language immersion programs. They differ from each other in the number of academic hours dedicated to learning in the second language. The full immersion program in the second language takes 80 to 100 percent of the study time. In the programs of partial immersion during the first half of the day training is conducted in the second lan-guage, and during the other – in English. It is established that the system of bilingual education gave students the opportunity to master the Ukrainian language as a subject and at the same time to study certain school subjects in this language, which is extremely important from a psychological point of view. According to the educational program for grades 1–12 in the first three grades, the main focus is on listening, speaking and cultivating respect for culture, but already in the second grade, children begin learning reading and writing; in the 4–6 grades the culture of language is formed – its comprehension, speaking, reading and writing; in grades 7–12 students improve language and speech knowledge, skills and abili-ties, use them in their everyday life. It is found out that the main method of forming language and speech competence is conversational-visual. To implement it, teachers widely use methodological resources of teaching: printed educational publica-tions, audio and video resources, educational and methodical materials on different types of media, information and communication Internet resources, periodicals, primarily pedagogical. It has been detected that public bilingual schools in Canada contrib-ute to the mastery of the Ukrainian language as a major factor in pre-serving the ethnocultural identity of Canadian Ukrainians, an important means of their ties to the world Ukrainians.
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Moser, Maiia. "YAROSLAV ROZUMNYI’S EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES AIMING AT THE DISSEMINATION OF IVAN FRANKO’S CREATIVE LEGACY AMONG UKRAINIAN EMIGRANTS." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 28 (2021): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.28.12.
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The article analyzes the pro-Ukrainian activities carried out by Yaroslav Rozumnyi, the renowned Canadian Ukrainian emigrant, linguist and literary scholar, a doctor of philosophy and Slavic studies. It was primarily the third of four waves of Ukrainian emigration to North America that was marked by a high percentage of migrants with an intellectual and scholarly background. These emigrants, among them Yaroslav Rozumnyi, gathered in nonprofit non-party organizations that represented and supported the Ukrainian community, contributed to the development of Ukrainian organizations, to the cultural, religious and political vitality of Canada's Ukrainians. Their major goal was the representation of Ukrainians in the diaspora, the establishment and coordination of international relations, the development of a civic society among Ukrainians with their Ukrainian national identity, spirit, and language. These people were united by their commitment to the idea of an independent Ukrainian state and the renovation of Ukraine's sovereignty. They did not cease to protest against the ongoing Russification of Ukrainian culture and the Ukrainian language, stood up against arrests or the physical destruction of Ukrainian dissidents. Yaroslav Rozumnyi, who was forced to leave his native country for political reasons, devoted his entire life to his major principle “to carry on the burden and one‟s duty for the Motherland.” As a consequence, he, in the period from 1990 to 1992, became a co-founder and chairman of the Manitoba branch of the supporters of the party “Narodnyi Rukh Ukraiiny” (“National Movement of Ukraine”). While living and working in Canada, Rozumnyi's heart kept beating for Ukraine. While analyzing various aspects of Franko's texts in German-language scholarly organs, Rozumnyi used them for a broadening of the perception of Ukrainian culture in the world and disseminated Ivan Franko's creative legacy among Ukrainian emigrants. Although Yaroslav Rozumnyi was a resident of Canada he contributed a lot to the revival of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. In 1992, he became the representative of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy in Canada and, subsequently, a member of its International Consultative Counci. In 1996, Yaroslav Rozumnyi was awarded the title of honorary professor at the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy.
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Bohatyrets, Valentyna. "Ukrainian Canadians’ Tremendous Contributions to a Mosaic Canadian Society (in the Context of Celebrating Their 125th Settling in Maple Leaf Country)." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 33-34 (August 25, 2017): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2016.33-34.33-39.
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Noteworthy, 2016 has become another crucial landmark in recognizing the remarkable impact of Ukrainian vigorous community, which succeeded in preserving and boosting its heritage values, traditions and language, on all Canada’s walks of life. In this context, this research paper provides an overview of historians, scholars and community members, whereas focusing on a tremendous role that Ukrainians (such as worldly acknowledged Paul Yuzyk, Orest Subtelny, John Sopinka Chrystia Freeland, Sylvia Fedoruk, Edward Michael Stelmach, Myrna Kostash, and newly known Roberta Bondar, Ann Morash, Petro Neborskij, Oleh Lesiuk) play in the Canadian multicultural society. Owing to their social, political and economic integration, Ukrainians have reached a rather high level of culture perception and blending into a mosaic Canadian society. Looking back on a record of Ukrainian Canadians’ achievements, we can witness that by the early 1990’s some of the high-rank positions have been held by the children or grandchildren of humble Ukrainian immigrants, and, moreover, they have earned accomplishments in various domains. To conclude, Ukrainian Canadians proved that by their exemplary service, enthusiasm and commitment to Canada’s common purpose, they could, collectively as a community, work toward a common goal, ensure their views reached and establish their powerful and valuable existence in Canada.
Keywords:The 125th anniversary, Canada, Ukrainian community, tremendous achievements, multicultural society
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Trzeszczyńska, Patrycja. "Trzy autobusy. O niewidzialnej w studiach migracyjnych ucieczce Ukraińców z Polski w latach 80. XX w. i dlaczego nie są „polskimi migrantami”." Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny 46, no. 2 (176) (2020): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.20.010.12326.
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Three Buses: The Escape of the Ukrainians from Poland in the 1980s, its Invisibility in Migration Studies and why they are not “Polish migrants” The aim of the text is to reflect on the absence in Polish migration studies of research on the emigration of members of national / ethnic minorities from Poland in the 1980s, on the example of Ukrainians. The author presents the causes and course of emigration of Polish citizens of Ukrainian nationality in the last decade of the Polish People’s Republic, highlighting the consequences of this migration for the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada, the Ukrainian national minority in Poland and for the migrants themselves. The author undertakes a discussion with literature which defines Polish emigrants of the 1980s to Canada and Western Europe as “Polish emigrants”, pointing out the differences between migration motivations and adaptation strategies of Polish and Ukrainian migrants in the 1980s. The article also discusses the attitudes of Ukrainian emigrants towards the country of origin, the impact of their minority condition in the People’s Republic of Poland on their new identity in their host country as well as lifestyle choices. Keywords: minority migrations, Ukrainians, Canada, Polish migrants Strzeszczenie Celem tekstu jest namysł nad nieobecnością zagadnienia migracji członków mniejszości narodowych/etnicznych w polskich studiach migracyjnych dotyczących wyjazdów z Polski w latach 80. XX wieku na przykładzie Ukraińców. Autorka prezentuje przyczyny i przebieg emigracji obywateli polskich narodowości ukraińskiej w ostatniej dekadzie PRL, wskazuje na konsekwencje tej migracji dla diaspory ukraińskiej w Kanadzie, ukraińskiej mniejszości narodowej w Polsce oraz dla samych migrantów. Podejmuje dyskusję z literaturą, która określa emigrantów z Polski z lat 80. XX w. do Kanady i Europy Zachodniej jako „polskich emigrantów” zasilających Polonię, wskazując na różnice między motywacjami migracyjnymi i strategiami adaptacyjnymi polskich i ukraińskich migrantów w latach 80. XX w. Omawia również postawy ukraińskich emigrantów wobec kraju pochodzenia, wpływ ich mniejszościowej kondycji w PRL na dokonywane w nowym kraju wybory tożsamościowe i w zakresie stylu życia.
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Perga, Tetiana. "National-Patriotic Education of Ukrainian Youth in the CYM Ranks in Canada and Australia (1950’s – 1960’s)." American History & Politics Scientific edition, no. 8 (2019): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.06.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the positive experience of the Ukrainian diaspora in the implementation of national-patriotic education of youth in the 1950s and 1960s. The task of the research is to compare the situation in the countries located on different continents – Canada and Australia. The object of the research is the activities of the Union of Ukrainian Youth – SUM. This scientific problem has still remains the “white spot” in the Ukrainian studies. It has proved that the concept of national-patriotic education of the youth formed in Canada in the 1950s-1960s on the initiative of political migrants of the third wave of Ukrainian emigration. Great role in this process played WCFU. This determined the necessity to prepare the potential human resources for the struggle with the Soviet totalitarian regime: future fighters had to identify themselves with Ukrainian nation, love Ukraine and want its independence. The tasks of the Ukrainian educational system, the purpose of the educational ideal of Ukrainians in the diaspora, the main principles and directions of national-patriotic education has investigated. The main institutions that were to implement them have identified, such as following: church, school, family, youth organizations, cultural and educational societies. It have concluded that the main principles of national and patriotic education of Ukrainians were realized in both countries, and much attention was paid in this context to the development of Ukrainian schooling, preserving and spreading of Ukrainian culture, camps. In spite of significant difficulties, in the 1950s-1960s CYM СUM activities in Canada and Australia have brought a number of positive results. In particular, it promoted the unity of Ukrainian youth, the education of patriotism, self-identification, and continuity of traditions of national liberation struggle. At the same time, the nature of the measures implemented in these countries determined by the peculiarities of living in the countries of the new settlement, the size of the diaspora and its financial resources. In this context, CYM activities in Canada was more complex.
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Mamedov, Ilgar. "Ukrainian Diaspora of Canada, its history and modernity." Slavic Almanac, no. 3-4 (2018): 254–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2018.3-4.3.01.
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Migration of Ukrainians to Canada took place in 4 stages: before the first world war, after it, after the second world war and at the end of the XX century. It was caused, respectively, by economic, political, military-political and socio-economic reasons. The official attitude towards Ukrainians in Canada proceeded from racial beliefs about their inferiority compared to the dominant Anglo-Saxons. Although this policy was later transformed into multiculturalism, in reality it was quietly and tacitly applied in a daily practice.
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Procko, Bohdan P., and Orest T. Martynowych. "Ukrainians in Canada: The Formative Period, 1891-1924." American Historical Review 98, no. 3 (June 1993): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2167754.
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ARTYMYSHYN, Yuliia. "«ZAKERZONNIA» AS A CONCEPT: THE LINE-THE BORDER-THE TERRITORY-THE LOST REGION?" Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 33 (2020): 137–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2020-33-137-156.
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The circumstances and context of creating the concept of «Zakerzonnia», which is used for the generalized definition of the whole region of modern Ukrainian-Polish ethnic borderland, are analyzed. The main approaches to explaining the term «Zakerzonnia» and related with it the notion of Curzon Line in encyclopedic articles are defined. In a brief historiographical review emergence and application of the term Curzon Line to the formation of the Polish-Russian and Polish-Soviet border are observed. The settlement's names through which the demarcation line went, its use's political contexts are given. Both the informational and analytical articles in the press of Ukrainian emigration in Europe and proclamation of the leadership of OUN of «Zakerzon Territory» of the late 1940s are considered. These materials highlight the problem of the Polish-Ukrainian border, the forced displacement of Ukrainians. It is noticed, that generally the first description of «Ukrainians living beyond the Curzon Line» was used in these publications. It is confirmed that this interpretation was later transformed into the term «Zakerzonnia» in periodicals of foreign units of OUN of the late 1940s-early 1950s, that is, the territory of the «Western Ukrainian lands», from which the Ukrainians were deported. It is shown that in the Ukrainian centers of the Lemko community of Canada and the USA in the early 1960s, in particular on the pages of periodicals of the Organization of Defense of the Lemkivschyna, the term «Zakerzonnia» is used less frequently than names of historical and ethnographic regions: Lemkivshchyna (Lemko region), Kholmshchyna (Kholm region), Pidliashia, Nadsiannia (Posiannia, Sian region). It is claimed that the active use of the term «Zakerzonnia» occurred in the 1990-2000s due to the activities of social-cultural organizations of deported Ukrainians from Poland. Keywords: Curzon Line, «Zakerzonnia», concept, Ukrainian-Polish borderland
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DZHUS, OKSANA. "DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN SCHOOL AND EDUCATIONAL AFFAIR AS A BASIS OF PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION OF THE YOUTH OF UKRAINIAN DIASPORA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XX-TH CENTURY." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 6, no. 1 (April 17, 2019): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.6.1.97-106.
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The formation and development of the Ukrainian school and educational affair as the basis for the professional training of Ukrainian youth in the Western countries in the second half of the XX-th century is examined in the article. The emphasis was given to the complexity and multiplicity of this process, which was caused by the socioeconomic and educational policies of the states, which became a new homeland for the Ukrainians, geography and compactness of their resettlement, employment in the different branches of the economy, the presence in the diaspora of the professional intelligentsia, its national awareness, the state religious life, etc. Accordingly, in different countries (Germany, Great Britain, Poland, Canada, USA, Australia, Argentina), this process was different, more or less intense and had results, but it still remains an object of interest as an important support of native cultural heritage, an inexhaustible source of preserving its spirituality bearers.
The institutional forms and types of obtaining of pedagogical education by Ukrainians in the Western countries of the second half of the 20th century, the peculiarity of teaching and educational activities in different types of educational establishment and the main tendencies of the development of the Ukrainian school and educational affairs are presented. Among them: an expansion of the network of pre-school establishments, primary, secondary and high schools in connection with the arrival of emigrants to countries of Western Europe, America and Australia; public uniting efforts of leading Ukrainian public associations in preserving the national identity and spirituality of Ukrainians born outside Ukraine's native land; development of scientifically grounded, adapted to the needs and conditions of Ukrainians living in the diaspora of the theory of teaching and national education of younger generations; improving the content of studying and educational process in all types of schools, bringing it to the standards of the existing state education system and the increased requirements of economic and cultural life of the countries that have become a new homeland for Ukrainians.
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Potikha, Zinaida. "Relations between the national diaspora in Canada and Ukraine (1991–2014)." Kyiv Historical Studies, no. 2 (2018): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2018.2.2428.
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The article illustrates the relations between the national diaspora in Canada and Ukraine during 1991–2014. It is emphasized that during the long-term presence of Ukrainians in the cities of Canada the Ukrainian diaspora has been growing and consolidating around the civic organizations and Ukrainian cultural centers with the biggest ones being located in Ontario and Alberta, which are the places with the largest Ukrainian population. It provides the analysis of influence of the Ukrainian diaspora on the cooperation between Ukraine and Canada through civic organizations, the most influential of which are the following: Ukrainian Canadian Congress — acts as the representative of the Ukrainian diaspora before the government and people of Canada, coordinates and promotes its involvement in the cultural and public life of the country, and unites 33 Ukrainian and all-Canadian organizations and their branches; Ukrainian Catholic Women’s League of Canada — supports the religious education and Ukrainian publishing houses, arranges religious seminars on the study of Bible, Ukrainian rituals and traditions; Plast — promotes the complex patriotic self-education of the Ukrainian youth based on the Christian ethics principles, as the conscientious, responsible and meaningful citizens of the local, national and global communities and the Ukrainian society leaders; they also hold the leading positions in the civic organizations — in student’s clubs or in the Ukrainian Canadian Congress. At the same time, in Ukraine the civic organizations, such as the “Ukraine-Svit” company and Ukrainian World Coordinating Council cooperate with the national diaspora in Canada. It is emphasized that the intensification of relations between the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada and Ukraine is the key component of the modern national ethnical policy. It is concluded that the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada created the positive image of Ukraine abroad that contributed to the recognition of its independence in 1991 and further establishment of connections between the countries. The article substantiates the perspectives for bilateral cooperation of countries in the field of politics, economics, trade, culture and education.
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Lehr, John C. "Creating a landscape: A geography of Ukrainians in Canada." Journal of Historical Geography 16, no. 4 (October 1990): 483–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-7488(90)90171-7.
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Świetlicki, Mateusz. "“You will bear witness for us”: Suppressed Memory and Counterhistory in Marsha Forchuk Skrypuch’s “Hope’s War” (2001)." Anglica Wratislaviensia 58 (November 13, 2020): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0301-7966.58.5.
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Marsha Forchuk Skrypuch’s historical novels and picturebooks for young readers have gained significant commercial and critical recognition in North America. Interestingly, Ukraine, her grandfather’s homeland, has remained the central theme in her works ever since the publication of the picturebook Silver Threads in 1996. The author of this essay argues that by telling the suppressed, untold stories, hence bringing attention to the next-generation memory of the traumatic experiences of Ukrainian Canadians, Skrypuch puts them on the landscape of Canadian collective and cultural memory and challenges the false generalizations attributed to Ukrainians and Ukrainian Canadians in North America after the Second World War. After briefly outlining the history of Ukrainian immigration to Canada, and explaining the roots of the negative stereotypes attributed to Ukrainians, the author analyzes Hope’s War (2001), Skrypuch’s first Ukrainian-themed novel, and shows that by highlighting the unexpected similarities between the experiences of the protagonist’s grandfather, who during the Second World War was a member of the UPA, and the anxieties of contemporary teenagers, Skrypuch evokes empathy in mainstream and diasporic readers and enables the formation of next-generation memory.
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Vasylyk, T. "“OUR CULTURE” MAGAZINE: HISTORY OF ESTABLISHMENT, TOPICS, INFORMATIONAL CONTENT." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 140 (2019): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2019.140.2.
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The paper examines the “Our Culture” magazine which was edited and published by Ivan Ohiienko (Metropolitan Ilarion) in Canada (1951–1953). The outstanding Ukrainian figure left a huge creative heritage. His works were forbidden and most of them still remain little-known among researchers and readers. Periodical editions have a leading place among the sources of the history of Ukraine and present many forms of information about various events. The diaspora press was an important source of studying Ukrainians lives outside of Ukraine. The Canadian-Ukrainian magazine "Our culture" was the information center for the settlers from different regions. The most part of Ivan Ohiienko’s creative heritage is not well-studied. The main attention of the article is concentrated on the history of foundation the periodical "Our Culture". The author of the paper analyzes the information content of the magazine and examines the issues of the publication, the main task of which was to serve Ukrainians in emigration, their culture, which has the ability to unite national forces and society, to make a contribution to the formation of national identity.
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Zhytariuk, Mar’yan. "Ukraine-Czechoslovakian and Ukraine-Romanian Relations in the Interpretation of the Magazine “Dilo” (Lviv)." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 37-38 (December 20, 2018): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2018.37-38.198-207.
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The Lviv daily “Dilo”, as well as the Ukrainian press in Galicia, Bukovina, Volyn and Transcarpathia in the interwar period, could not keep a way from the numerous and systematic facts of Ukrainophobia and immediately responded to the form available to it, mainly as digest and translations of foreign publications about Ukrainians and Ukrainian ethnic land.
Thirties of the Twentieth century entered the Ukrainian history under the sign of Polish “pacification” in Eastern Galicia (there were also the petitions of Ukrainian and British representations to the League of Nations), artificially created famine and genocide in Soviet Ukraine, the Bolshevik terror (not only against the national Ukrainian intellectuals, but also against the Ukrainian leadership of the Communist Party of the Bolsheviks), the German propaganda concerning the prospects of independent Ukraine and other significant phenomena, which formed together the basis of the "Ukrainian problem". All this in general was reflected by the European press (Great Britain, Germany, France, Switzerland, Belgium, Austria, Italy) and the US press, Canada, Japan. At the same time, from the standpoint of advocacy and sympathy, there was hardly any publication in the press of Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania (except for Ukrainian-language editions), in the Soviet periodicals, however the governments of these countries were interested in further weakening and leveling of Ukrainian ethnic, mental, religious, historical and other factors that could cement Ukrainians nationally.
Keywords: magazine “Dilo” (Lviv), interethnic relations, Bukovyna, Galychyna, interwar period
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Dzyra, O. "Postrevolutionary political immigration of Ukrainians to Canada: historical and biographical measuring." Ukraïnsʹka bìografìstika, no. 15 (April 30, 2018): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ub.15.245.
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Egelman, William S., Jaroslav Petryshyn, and L. Dzubak. "Peasants in the Promised Land: Canada and the Ukrainians, 1891-1914." International Migration Review 20, no. 3 (1986): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2545722.
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Yatsiv, Roman. "Ukrainians in modern Canada: the issue of historical and cultural memorytypology." Ethnology Notebooks 146, no. 2 (March 21, 2019): 492–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/nz2019.02.492.
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Kohut, Zenon E. "Two Decades of Scholarship and Service: Report on the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies (1992-2012)." East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies 5, no. 1 (March 23, 2018): 9–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21226/ewjus368.
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This essay provides an overview of the activity of the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies (CIUS) during the two decades when the author served as its director. During that time he and his CIUS colleagues pursued the goals of integrating and mainstreaming Ukrainian studies into North American and world scholarship and becoming the leading world research institution dedicated to the discovery, preservation, and dissemination of knowledge about Ukraine and Ukrainians. The CIUS did so by supporting research; publishing scholarly and educational materials; organizing seminars, lectures, and conferences; promoting Ukrainian studies courses at colleges and universities; granting scholarships and fellowships; and providing knowledge and understanding of Ukraine to academic, political, diplomatic, military, and business communities in Canada and abroad. This essay describes these activities and efforts in detail, including in the areas of Ukrainian-Canadian studies, promoting Ukrainian studies in Ukraine and Russia, monitoring and assessing events in Ukraine, and assisting Ukraine’s transition to a democratic society and a free-market economy.
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Dzyra, Olesya. "THE SPLIT IN THE UKRAINIAN COMMUNIST MOVEMENT IN CANADA IN THE 1930s." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 28 (2021): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.28.9.
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The article substantiates the reasons of the split in the Ukrainian communist movement in Canada in the mid-1930s at the peak of its popularity. They consisted of acquainting of its supporters with information about dekulakization, the Holodomor of 1932–1933, the Bolshevik repressions on the territory of the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic, and so on. It clearly describes how this conflict took place in the Ukrainian labour-farmer temple association, which united Ukrainian communists, how it was perceived by its members, what consequences it led to and how it affected on spreading of communist views among Ukrainians in Canada. The society was divided into those who unquestioningly believed or knew the truth and equally supported Stalin's policy in Ukraine and those who condemned it and saw a different way of further life in the workers 'and peasants' state. It shows how the communist movement developed in the 1930s, how the so-called socialist segment stood out from it, who its supporters were and what ideas they professed. It is worth noting that for some time the "opportunists", that formed Federation of Ukrainian Labour-Farmer Organizations, could not decide on their socio-political position and hesitated on whose side to stand and whether to join the Ukrainian national-patriotic bloc of organizations or to function separately, despite the small number. The leading members of the newly created organization were D. Lobay, T. Kobzey, S. Khvaliboga, Y. Elendyuk, and M. Zmiyovsky. In August 1928, M. Mandryka arrived to Canada, delegated by the Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries in Prague to seek financial support for Ukrainian socialist institutions in Czechoslovakia. It was to be a short-term mission, that transformed into a permanent staying overseas. M. Mandryka managed to unite Ukrainian socialists who had nothing to do with the ULFTA. The research also describes the directions of activity of Ukrainian socialists in Canada, their ties with other public organizations, political parties and future relations with former like-minded people. An attempt is made to evaluate the socialist movement and establish its significance for the social and political life of the diaspora.
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KOSTYSHYN, Roman. "SOCIO-POLITICAL ACTIVITIES OF VOLODYMYR KOKHAN IN THE 1920-1960S." Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 33 (2020): 342–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2020-33-342-351.
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The main directions of Volodymyr Kokhan's public and political activities in the 1920-1960s are analyzed through the prism of socio-political processes in the region. Attention is focused on the features of the formation of his worldview. V. Kokhan's expressive national and patriotic consciousness was based on family values and was laid down by educational and public institutions of Halychyna, which carried out active awareness-raising work among the Ukrainian people of the region. The politician's contribution to the activity of the Ukrainian Military Organization (UMO) is considered, his circle of like-minded people is singled out, among them - the future leaders of the national-state parties and national-cultural organizations of Halychyna. While in the UMO during the national liberation struggle, the Polish-Ukrainian war of 1918–1919, he made considerable efforts to protect the national, cultural, and socio-political rights of Ukrainians in Halychyna. In the mid-1920s, as a member of the Ukrainian Party of National Labor (UPNR), he was one of the active supporters of the Ukrainian National Democratic Alliance (UNDA). The well-known politician's organizational and political work is characterized; specific examples show the struggle of one of the Ukrainian national democracy leaders for raising the national consciousness of the Ukrainians of Halychyna. Through V. Kokhan's political biography's prism, the complex intertwining of political, social, and national aspects of the Ukrainian socio-political movement in the period is shown. The parliamentary work of V. Kokhan in the highest legislative body of Poland is outlined. Since 1928, party activity became secondary for one of the leaders of the National Democrats, comparing to parliamentary work. Emphasis is placed on organizational achievements in the National Unity Front (NUF), in exile in Canada, as one of the leaders of the Ukrainian Canadian Committee (UCC). Keywords: Volodymyr Kokhan, socio-political activities, Western Ukraine, emigration.
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Kuzhel, Liubov. "Western Ukrainian books of 1914–1939 in Canadian libraries: Online catalogues and published sources." Proceedings of Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, no. 11(27) (2019): 99–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0315-2019-11(27)-6.
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Ukrainians are the eleventh largest ethnic group in Canada. Ukrainian books are important for the development of the Ukrainian diaspora, as well as for preserving and advancing the Ukrainian national culture, traditions, and language in Canada. The article analyzes the research of local and foreign scientists on this topic and provides insights into the presence of the Western Ukrainian books in Canadian libraries and in Canadian public and governmental institutions. The article investigates the details of the creation of the libraries where the researched publications are stored. The author has classified Canadian book collections that hold Ukrainian publications: scientific libraries at universities and other higher education institutions; archival institutions; Ukrainian community organizations; religious institutions; public libraries with Ukrainian collections; private Ukrainian libraries. This paper highlights the role of prominent figures of the Ukrainian diaspora in stocking Canadian libraries with Ukrainian books. We have examined how Western Ukrainian books of 1914–1939 made their way to Canadian libraries. An analysis of the catalogues of the Ukrainian bookstores in Canada has been conducted. Rare copies of these catalogues are in the holdings of the Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv. The article highlights the role of the Internet sources in determining the availability of Western Ukrainian books in Canadian libraries. Most of these libraries have online catalogues. The prospects of using electronic library resources and digital editions to conduct research in the field of Ukrainian book bibliography are outlined. The presence of the Ukrainian books of 1914–1939 in Canadian libraries is recorded in the bibliographic index «Ukrainian book in Galicia, Bukovina, Transcarpathia, Volyn and in emigration, 1914–1939» compiled by the scientific bibliography researchers of the Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv. Some of the Ukrainian books of 1919–1934 held in Canadian libraries and mentioned in the bibliographic index are the only copies of these books available worldwide. Keywords: Ukrainian diaspora, Western Ukrainian book, interwar period (1914–1939), Canadian libraries, electronic database of book publications
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Prymak, Thomas M. "Orest T. Martynowych. Social Structure, Religious Institutions, and Mass Organizations." East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies 5, no. 2 (September 30, 2018): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21226/ewjus431.
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Book review of Orest T. Martynowych. Social Structure, Religious Institutions, and Mass Organizations. 2016. Ukrainians in Canada: The Interwar Years, book 1, CIUS P, 2016- . 2 books planned. xxiv, 650 pp., 46 pp. of illustrations. Tables. Notes. Appendix. Bibliography. Index. $59.95, cloth.
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Marushchenko, Myroslava. "THE WAYS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN DOCTORS OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA IN CANADA AND DOCTORS IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN CHALLENGES." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 28 (2021): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.28.11.
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In the article, the current state of cooperation between Canadian Ukrainians and Ukrainian doctors analyzes. The urgency of modern challenges for cooperation is determined, in particular: pandemic restrictions due to the rapid spread of Covid-19 virus and a sharp restriction of direct professional contacts; the politicization of professional international cooperation in the conditions of Russian aggression; bureaucracy on the part of the management of medical institutions of Ukraine, unfinished state regulation of charitable organizations and international cooperation; insufficient development of charity in Ukraine. The activity of the main Cooperation programs between doctors Canadian Ukrainians and Ukrainian doctors is analyzed. The main focus of the article is on the analysis of the effectiveness of the Canadian-Ukrainian Pediatric Fellowship Program. The Medical Director of the Program is Professor James Rutka, and the Program Coordinator is Professor Myroslava Romach. The stages of organizing training meetings within the Program are indicated: planning and preparation for the meeting (goal setting and detailed planning); choice of locations, according to pre-thought-out criteria; the meeting itself (lectures and practical training, joint operations in 7 cities of Ukraine); further observation, assessment of the impact and results of the meeting, as well as planning of long-term cooperation. Analysis of the concrete results of cooperation is one of the most important stages of international cooperation, as it not only increases its efficiency but also ensures the targeted use of funds. It is determined that important factors that increase the effectiveness of interstate programs in the field of medicine are awareness of cooperation at the diplomatic level, coordinated cooperation at the local level, selection of reliable partners for cooperation, systematic contacts, activities, targeted, premeditated assistance, careful selection of applicants, changes in the means of communication in today's challenges. The work of the above-mentioned medical Ukraine Paediatric Fellowship Program can serve as an example of the organization of international cooperation in various directions of social and political life of modern Ukraine, and a guarantee of its high efficiency in clear strategic planning.
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Siromskyi, Ruslan. "Cultural exchange between Canada and Ukrainian SSR as an tool of Soviet propaganda." American History & Politics Scientific edition, no. 10 (2020): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2020.10.8.
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The aim of the research is to analyze peculiarities of cultural exchange between Canada and the Ukrainian SSR in the 1960s and 1980s, which took place during the Cold War. The research methodology is defined by an interdisciplinary approach (history, culture, foreign relations) and is based on general scientific and special scientific methods, first of all, retrospection and historical comparison. The scientific novelty of the research is that on the basis of archival materials determined the forms and content of cultural exchange between the Ukrainian SSR and Canada, in particular its propaganda content. The Conclusions. During the Cold War the cultural sphere became an arena of confrontation, and art (or what was meant by it) became part of ideological propaganda campaigns. Cultural exchange was seen by the Soviets as a way of representing «achievements of socialist culture» to Canadian Ukrainians and as an effective propaganda tool. Formally, on the Soviet side, cultural exchanges were carried out by specially created organizations, which, however, were managed and financed through the Central Committee of the Communist Party and the International Department of the Committee of State Security (KGB). The request to maintain cultural ties with the Ukrainian SSR in Canada was largely due to the desire of the Ukrainian community overseas to maintain spiritual ties with the Motherland. Different approaches to the interpretation of cult exchange – from approval to complete denial – have provoked a lively discussion in the diaspora. Adherents of cultural programs from the Ukrainian SSR were Canadian left-wing organizations, such as the Association of United Ukrainian Canadians. The League of Liberation of Ukraine was a categorical opponent of the cultural exchange, whose representatives saw in the artists from the USSR Soviet emissaries called to «destroy» the Ukrainian community in Canada. Organizations within the Ukrainian Canadian Committee (UCC) condemned cultural exchange as a one-sided tool of Soviet propaganda, but viewed cultural ties as a way to influence Soviet artists. Because of one-sided Soviet cultural infiltration, on several occasions the UCC voiced its protest against Canada’s cultural exchanges with this country. Ukrainian Canadian artists, choirs and dance ensembles are not permitted to perform in Ukraine unless they were politically acceptable to the Soviet authorities.
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Dzyra, Olesya. "THE UKRAINIAN GREEK-ORTHODOX CHURCH OF CANADA (1918-1939): PROBLEMS OF BUILDING." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 23 (2018): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2018.23.15.
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In the article it is done historiographical and sources study analysis of the material concerning to the activity of the Ukrainian Greek Orthodox Church of Canada (hereinafter referred to as UGOCC). The reasons influenced on its creation are shown. The main of them was the desire of the public activists to give possibility to the immigrants to attend their native church with Ukrainian divine service, deprived the influence of Rome and Moscow. The conditions in which Ukrainians consolidated on the basis of Orthodox religion were analyzed. Orthodox were mainly those who moved from Bukovina and Galicians, that past from Greek Catholic faith to Orthodox. The history of origin and further activity of UGOCC in the interwar period, according to valid norms of the Canadian legislation, is described in the research. The most important problems of the building of UGOCC, such as the lack of priests, searching for a bishop by Ukrainian origin, and the struggle for the recognition of the canonization by the Constantinople Patriarchate are defined. Specific peculiarities of functioning the UGOC on Canadian territory, its ties with the same church in Ukraine are characterized. So, UGOC of Canada gave great significance to the spiritual union with the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (hereinafter referred to as UAOC), on it repeatedly stressed in its councils. UGOCC recognized itself as a part of the UAOC, headed by the Metropolitan Vasyl Lypkivsky. Particular attention is paid to internal conflicts in the interior of the Orthodox church. During the interwar period the discussion question of the canonicity of UGOC of Canada is remained, which Ivan Teodorovych and most of the members of the church`s council aspired to, but a part of the public activists led by V. Svystun was against the connection with the Constantinople Patriarchate and resanctifying the Archbishop, because it would mean «treason» of UAOC in Ukraine and the Kyivan canons of 1921. Therefore, the article analyzes the main problems of the building of the Ukrainian Orthodox church in Canada in the interwar period as well as the ways to solve them.
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Fylypovych, Georgii. "Between Ethnic Particularism and International Universalism: Experience of the Ukrainian Diaspora in ХХ century (based on the Y.Mulyk-Lutsyk's works)." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 89 (December 10, 2019): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2019.89.1418.
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Abstract. The article is based on the analysis of the works of the famous Ukrainian thinker from Canada, Yuriy Mulyk-Lutsyk, who in the mid-twentieth century. deeply considered the state of the Ukrainian diaspora, its search for a strategy of its development abroad within the limits of ethnic particularism and international universalism. His thoughts have not lost their relevance today, as new waves of migration pose the same questions to Ukrainians: whether to remain or dissolve as a national community among a multiethnic and multicultural world. The migrants, diasporans, whose grandchildren have lost their connection with their historical homeland and are part of other multinational states, are particularly disturbed by those outside Ukraine.
The main problem of the migrants and diasporas of that time, according to Mulyk-Lutsyk, was that they did not distinguish between ethnic particularism and interethnic universalism, identifying or substituting one another. This led to radical one-sidedness: the Ukrainians cared for one or the other in themselves. The main reason for this imbalance according to the thinker was that Ukrainians intellectually were not ready to migrate. They did not have time to realize their ethnic identity, their uniqueness, as they got into millstone universalism, which led them to "spiritual turmoil, gypsyism". Instead of meeting with other worlds, Ukrainians experienced a cultural trauma. It is possible to overcome the latter by realizing the equality of the universal and the specific, the universal and the ethnic, which are two "natural signs of one and the same". The Ukrainians should understand that they/he are/is human (this is universal), because he has such physical and spiritual attributes that are common to all people; at the same time he is a member of this ethnic community (it is specific, particular) because it contains such features that are not present and cannot be found in other ethnic communities (language, history, culture, ideology). Although universal and specific are opposite to one another, however, in the person they exist in combination both as a physical indivisible unity and as a spiritual one.
Yu.Mulyk-Lutsyk realized that integration into a multidimensional space, sometimes so alien, but to be friendly (home) for himself, is very difficult. He insisted on fostering within himself both national and universal, where the particular was affirmed through the universal and the universal manifested in the particular.
Eventually the thinker urged: if the ethnic community understands what the essence of its ethnicism is, that is, it realizes the secret connection between ethnic content and ethnic form and learns the absolute, natural boundaries of ethnicism, which are not free to artificially, illegally, unnaturally, contraband; and if the ethnic community at the same time understands the essence of its universalism (humanity), that is, it realizes the secret connection between human content and human form, and learns the absolute, natural limits of humanity, in which it is not free to artificially, illegally, unnaturally, contraband if and only then the ethnic community in general and each of its constituent units in particular will form a unity on a natural basis - national unity.
Knowledge of the experience gained by the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada may be of use to those who wish to migrate to other countries and other cultural worlds.
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Vasylyk, T. "POSITION OF UKRAINIAN EMIGRANTS (“EXPATRIATES”) IN THE SERMONS OF METROPOLITAN ILARION (ON THE MATERIALS OF “THE WORD OF TRUTH” MAGAZINE, 1947-1951)." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 144 (2020): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2020.144.3.
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The periodical press is rightly called a treasure trove of diverse information from the life of a particular historical era. Important for the study of the history of Ukrainian society is the periodical press of Ukrainian diaspora, which contains different types of source information: socio-political, scientific, technical, cultural, religious etc. The article deals with the poorly studied part of the preaching heritage of Metropolitan Ilarion (Ivan Ohiienko). The main attention is paid to the sermons of Metropolitan Ilarion, declared in the early years of bishops' service in Canada and published in "The Word of Truth" magazine, which had been publishing in Winnipeg during the 1947-1955 by the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada. Sermons of Metropolitan Іilarion (Ivan Ohiienko) are a significant source of information for the reproducing the historical past of Ukrainians. The author discovered 21 of his sermons that have been published in "The Word of Truth” magazine. The author focuses on the sermons in which the Metropolitan touches upon the pressing issues of the difficult existence of Ukrainian emigrants. According to the Metropolitan Іlarion, there were two groups of Ukrainian emigrants after the Second World War: the so-called “Ostarbeiters” and intellectuals. The status of the second group was harder Metropolitan Іlarion (Ivan Ohienko) called for mutual respect and assistance, and unity around the issue of national identity and development of Ukrainian society. Given that the preaching legacy of Metropolitan Іlarion (Ivan Ohiienko) is poorly researched, the sermons discussed in this article supplement the history of Ukrainian emigration and are an integral component of Ukraine's national spiritual and cultural heritage.
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Balan, Jaroslaw Ihor. "Missed Opportunities: Early Attempts to Obtain Bukovynian Orthodox Clergy for the Ukrainian Pioneers of Alberta." East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies 1, no. 1 (August 9, 2014): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.21226/t27p4x.
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Immigration from the Austro-Hungarian crown land of Bukovyna to the Canadian West was initiated in 1897-98, continuing thereafter until the outbreak of the First World War. Comprised mostly of ethnic Ukrainians, but including a small number of Romanians and families of mixed marriages, the peasant farmers from Bukovyna took out homesteads alongside the fledgling colony established northeast of Edmonton a few years earlier by Ukrainians from Galicia. An immediate concern of the settlers was the lack of any priests to serve their pastoral needs and to provide leadership for the communities that they were struggling to establish in challenging circumstances in the New World. Although itinerant priests dispatched by the Russian Orthodox mission based in San Francisco began visiting the Ukrainian settlers in Alberta beginning in July 1897 at the request of Russophiles among the first Galician homesteaders, the new arrivals from Bukovyna found them to be less than satisfactory because of linguistic and cultural differences. Almost immediately, the Bukovynians began appealing to the Orthodox Church in Bukovyna for clergy who could speak the Bukovynian Ukrainian dialect and “Wallachian,” so that they would not be dependent on priests from the Russian Mission. Despite numerous requests sent to the Metropolitanate of Bukovyna over the course of the next decade and a half—not only from Alberta, but also from other Bukovynian colonies in Canada—no Ukrainian clergy were ever assigned by church officials in Chernivtsi to serve the Orthodox faithful overseas. Drawing on archival sources, press reports and secondary sources, this article reconstructs these efforts by the pioneer era Ukrainian settlers from Bukovyna to obtain Orthodox clergy from their native land, at the same time suggesting reasons for their failure.
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Barrett, Stanley R., Harold Troper, and Morton Weinfeld. "Old Wounds: Jews, Ukrainians and the Hunt for Nazi War Criminals in Canada." Contemporary Sociology 19, no. 6 (November 1990): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2073184.
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Egelman, William S. "Book Review: Peasants in the Promised Land: Canada and the Ukrainians, 1891–1914." International Migration Review 20, no. 3 (September 1986): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838602000319.
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Perga, Tetiana. "Before the great journey: Plast in Germany in the second half of the 1940s." European Historical Studies, no. 17 (2020): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2020.17.6.
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This article examines the revival of the Ukrainian youth organization Plast in Germany in the first years after World War II. The reasons for this process have been studied. It was found that the establishing of Plast groups in di-pi camps was a spontaneous process, so Union of Ukrainian Plast Emigrants – SUPE was revived for the management of these activities and preventing of moral and physical degradation of Ukrainians. Number of meetings of the organization took place in 1946-1948 under its leadership. The most important were following: the Congress in Karlsfeld in April 1946, the meeting in Mittenwald in July 1947, and the First Ideological Plast Congress held in Ashschaffenburg in March 1948. The organizational and ideological background of Plast’ activities in the first postwar decades were adopted during these meetings. The article analyzes the ideas on the Educational Ideal of the Young Ukrainian and the principles of building further organization’ activities, in particular: apoliticalness, catholicity, acceptance of youth and senior Ukrainians without distinction of an origin and religion, using the ideas of world scouting and readiness to cooperate with other scout organizations, attention to the essence and spirit of the Plast idea and the development of propaganda among “ours”, and “of that which is not”. It was found that the 35th anniversary of the Plast establishment was celebrated in 1947–1948. However meetings of this period were dedicated not only to the summing up of the activities since its establishing. Given the fact that they took place on the eve of the mass resettlement of Ukrainians to other countries – the United States, Canada, Australia, etc., they aimed at developing the main directions of activities of the Plast members in emigration. The article explores the main achievements of the Congress held in 1948 under the slogan “On a further journey to the great purpose”. It is concluded that they were following: the election of the Main Plast Council headed by Plast Head (known as “Nachalniy Plastun”) Severin Levitsky, discussion of external and internal environment in the countries of new living and short-term prospects of this “journey”.
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Михайлюк, В. В. "Socio-cultural condition of modern relations of Ukraine and Canada." ВІСНИК СХІДНОУКРАЇНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ імені Володимира Даля, no. 6(254) (September 20, 2019): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33216/1998-7927-2019-254-6-25-28.
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The author relied on the research of his predecessors and determined his own purpose of the study: to analyze the state of socio-cultural and cultural-humanitarian relations of Ukraine and Canada, to identify trends and their peculiarities in the context of general interstate and international relations of friendly countries.
Emphasis is placed on the fact that the interstate relations in the defined field of research were based on the relevant legal documents of international law and treaties and other legal acts of each state.
With regard to international relations, the author distinguishes it as such as the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada had and has its own peculiarities. This community is now one of the most significant in the world in its quantitative and qualitative relations, in political, socio-cultural and cultural-humanitarian influence. Therefore, in an advanced democracy of Canadian society, Ukrainians began to take the place of not only "aliens without rights", but also for many years prior to today, became active participants not only in the cultural, humanitarian, but also socio-economic and political life of Canada, which had a positive impact on socio-cultural and other relations. This is emphasized not only by the Ukrainian but also the Canadian side.
Therefore, the study of socio-cultural and humanitarian-cultural components of relations between Ukraine and Canada has the right to exist. At the same time, it emphasizes the relevance and scientific novelty of the research topic. The problem under consideration is multifaceted, covering many aspects. In this study, only partial consideration of Ukraine-Canada relations in interstate and international perspectives has been studied. The importance of international and interstate relevant structures in terms of their influence on relations is emphasized.
At the same time, in the author's opinion, it requires a detailed monographic study of the problem: the relation of Canada's role with Ukraine in the system of the "blocked" world.
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Kusek, Weronika A. "Ukrainian migrants in Poland: Socio-economic inclusion or exclusion?" Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 34, no. 7 (November 2019): 739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094219889877.
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Poland is an important country to study when assessing migration. In fact, many scholars who focus on migration and its impact on the local economy, in relation to Poland, focus on Polish migrants living and working in countries such as the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, or Australia. This viewpoint presents a different focus by addressing the need to conduct more work on migrants who are coming to Poland to work to fulfill labor shortages and take advantage of the country’s growing economy. Specifically this paper will look at Ukrainians who are migrating to Poland. The viewpoint will focus on push/pull factors and touch on aspects of the lived experience of Ukrainian migrants in Poland. This paper helps identify some observed trends from interviews to identify future research directions related to socio-economic inclusion or exclusion.
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Cipko, Serge. "The Alberta Press on Ukrainians in Canada during World War II: Two Case Studies." Canadian Ethnic Studies 47, no. 4-5 (2015): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ces.2015.0061.
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Kozak, Sergij. "«Ukrajinski visti» newspaper as a source for studying the features of functioning оf «Novi dni» journal (Саnada, 1950—1997)." Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, no. 10(28) (January 2020): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2020-10(28)-1.
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«Ukrajinski visti» and «Novi dni» are, respectively, a newspaper and magazine, two different publications. One came out in Germany and the United States, another ― in Canada. Each of them has its own history. However, they had a lot in common ― first and foremost, that their subscribers belonged to related organizations. Moreover, the Ivan Bagryanyi’s Foundation, which was the publisher of the newspaper «Ukrajinski visti» (Germany, 1945 ― USA, 2000) during the last stage of its history, also helped materially with the «Novi dni». So it is no coincidence that «Ukrajinski visti» paid a keen attention to the materials on the fate and content of the «Novi dni». The article aims to elucidate peculiarities of functioning of the «Novi dni» magazine (1950—1997s) via a prism of publications in the «Ukrajinski visti». In the course of this research, a considerable amount of publications has been studied, as well as valuable facts about the history of the magazine have been uncovered. The activities of the Publishing Union and the individuals who took care of its issuing, the names of the editors-in-chief of the journal were revealed. The article has elucidated the changes that occurred in the editorial board after a death of a founder of the newspaper, Petro Volyniak, as well as the most important factors in the life of the magazine in terms of emigration reality. It also outlined a role of the publication in shaping cultural and spiritual heritage of the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada and other countries spanning a significant period. The main method of research was to analyze publications of different genres found in the newspaper. According to the newspaper’s content, among the numerous periodicals of the Ukrainian emigration (diaspora) published in Toronto (Canada), the magazine’s role was especial. First of all, it is one of the oldest of all Ukrainian emigration magazines. «Nоvi Dni» has almost half a century of publishing. To flip through the pages of the «Ukrajinski Visti» stories about this journal is at the same time to trace the post-war sociopolitical, social and, above all, cultural life of Ukrainians. Keywords: magazine, «Ukrajinski visti», «Novi Dni», Canada, editorial board, Publishing Union, article, emigration.
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Lazebnyk, Stanislav. "Ukrainian World Tribune." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XX (2019): 194–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2019-13.
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The article refers to the World Congress of Free Ukrainians (WCFU), founded in New York in November 1967. The WCFU united 150 Ukrainian public, political and faith-based organizations. The elected Presidium of the Congress established special committees, which began to work on the coordination of Ukrainian organizations in the West regarding the provision of assistance to Ukrainian refugees and communities in the Americas, Western Europe and Australia, protection of human rights and of political prisoners of Ukrainian descent in the USSR, development of Ukrainian education and culture in the expatriate environment, etc. The WCFU opened its information office at the UN, which brought to the attention of diplomats from different countries the facts about the struggle of the Congress for an independent Ukraine, information about Ukrainian political prisoners, the russification process in Ukraine and Holodomor of 1932–1933. Owing to this effective influence, Canada, with its powerful and numerous Ukrainian community, was the first in the Western world to recognize the independence of Ukraine. In 1991, the WCFU organized a mass demonstration in front of the White House in Washington for the recognition of the young Ukrainian state. In December of the same year, the Congress, together with the Ukrainian World Foundation, announced the creation of the Ukrainian Reconstruction Fund. Since then, this organization has gradually become one of the consistent lobbyists of Ukraine’s national interests in the world. Having changed its name to the Ukrainian World Congress (UWC), it is constantly engaged in the establishment of a positive international image of Ukraine, promotion of its rich historical heritage as well as compelling changes in its society. At the same time, in the circles of this international association there is a certain disappointment with the social and economic situation in Ukraine and lack of real results in the fight against corruption. However, the UWC seeks to contribute to the further development of the historical homeland. Today UWC has an extensive network of constituent organizations and maintains relations with Ukrainian communities in 61 countries. Keywords: WCFU, Ukrainian World Congress, New York, Canada, historical homeland.
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Solonska, Nataliia, and Galina Borysovych. "POSITION OF THE UKRAINIAN-CANADIAN SCIENTIST JAROSLAV RUDNYTSKYJ IN THE SETTELMENT OF THE LANGUAGE CONFLICT OF IMMIGRANTS." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 28 (2021): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.28.16.
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The article analyzes one of the problems of personal relations belonging to the ethnic minority of the immigration community and the English- and French-speaking majority of the elite nation of the country of new immigrants, highlights the problem of preserving the national identity of Ukrainians in the Canadian diaspora through persistent, consistent and tolerant steps. Ukrainian linguist, folklorist, Slavist, librarian, organizer of science, teacher, public figure, Professor J. Rudnytsky in opposition to the linguistic assimilation of his own people; the principledness of the scientist in resolving the linguistic conflict, which gave a positive solution for both parties - Canada and the Ukrainian diaspora. The importance of the civic position and significant potential opportunities to influence the official circles of the country, government commissions, committees, international organizations and public opinion of authoritative intellectual work in society and academia, which, using historically sound evidence, proves the objectivity of his point of view. in this way he protects the national dignity of his people, their ancient and rich culture and defends his moral principles and beliefs. A bibliographic review of J. Rudnytsky's scientific work was carried out, where on the basis of historically balanced facts, historical-political, linguistic analysis he investigated the essence of language assimilation, which is equal to the destruction of national identity. It is shown that lexicographical works, conclusions from them gave the scientist a basis to win the struggle for the Constitutional recognition of the Ukrainian language in Canada, which supported the policy of official languages and multiculturalism in the country. It is emphasized that scientific conclusions gave the scientist the opportunity to summarize and summarize the research and became the basis for the introduction into public circulation of a capacious definition - linguocide (language murder), which is now widely used in scientific works.
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POSIVNYCH, Mykola. "INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN STEPAN BANDERA'S OPINION JOURNALISM." Contemporary era 8 (2020): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/nd.2020-8-178-184.
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This study is devoted to Stepan Bandera (1909-1959). S. Bandera is a remarkable person and a leading figure in the Ukrainian liberation movement. He was the leader of OUN (Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists) and wrote many articles dealing with socio-political issues both in Ukraine and among Ukrainian exiles from 1940-1950. His publications and ideological teachings became the foundation for the ongoing development of OUN. The spread of Ukrainian nationalism and its increasing popularity among the people under S. Bandera's leadership became a phenomenon, and the enemies of Ukraine identified the whole liberation movement with his name. S. Bandera included international issues and relations in all his works. This was of the utmost importance to the Ukrainian people and the whole liberation movement because it responded to the negative image of Ukrainian nationalists that the Soviets and their propaganda machine were creating and spreading. Émigré periodicals publishing his works were: «Vyzvolna Polityka» and «Vyzvolnyi Shliakh» (London); «Chas» (Fürth, Germany); «Ukrainskyi Samostiinyk» (Munich, Germany); «Homin Ukrainy» (Toronto, Canada); «Ukrainskyi Visnyk» (New York); «Surma»; and more. S. Bandera's signed articles by different pen names: «Siryi S.A.», «Siryi S.B.», «SAS», «Byilykho», «A. Vlast», and «Tesliar». From the perspective of international relations, it could be seen that S. Bandera's key principles were to establish close cooperation among the representatives of all captive nations and to oppose all totalitarian regimes which were taking hold in Eastern Europe and Asia. It was important to connect with the ethnic minorities living with Ukrainians in and out of Ukraine. Keywords: Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), ideology, opinion journalism, nation-building projects, international relations, struggle.