Academic literature on the topic 'Ultra-Wide Bandwidth (UWB)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Ultra-Wide Bandwidth (UWB)"

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Park, Joong Suk, Jeong Woo Han, and Cam Nguyen. "Radio-Frequency Sensors for Nondestructive Evaluation of Materials." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 765–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.765.

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We report several radio-frequency (RF) sensors for possible use in material NDE and process control: an ultra-wide band (UWB) impulse sensor and microwave and millimeter-wave stepped-frequency sensors. The UWB sensor generates ultra-short pulses directly while the stepped-frequency sensors produce ultra-short pulses indirectly through pulse-synthesis. Ultra-short pulses possess ultra-wide bandwidths and have uniquely desirable characteristics such as fine resolution and high accuracy for material assessment. The UWB impulse sensor operates over multiple pulse durations from 450 to 1170 ps with 5.5-GHz RF bandwidth. It performs well through tests of various samples, demonstrating its usefulness for sensing. The microwave stepped-frequency sensor operates from 0.6 to 5.6 GHz and the millimeter-wave stepped-frequency sensor operates from 29.72-37.7 GHz. They have demonstrated abilities in surface and near-surface sensing of various structures. These developed compact RF sensors are attractive for NDE and process control of materials and various other sensing applications.
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Liu, Chenming. "Ultra Wide Band Technology and Indoor Precise Positioning." SHS Web of Conferences 144 (2022): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214402002.

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UWB technology is a wireless carrier communication technology that uses frequency bandwidth above 1GHz. This essay mainly focuses on the theory of UWB and one of its most important applications, which is indoor positioning. It will explore some possibilities of UWB in the field of precise positioning. Based on the literature, the theory of UWB and the algorithm of positioning will be shown in a relatively simple way. The result shows that Ultra Wide Band (UWB) technology has the advantages of low system complexity, low power spectral density of transmitted signal, and insensitivity to channel fading. The positioning system based on UWB can be used for the real-time location management of personnel, equipment, and vehicles, as well as to view the real-time location and distribution area of the target., such as nursing home elderly positioning monitoring, to prevent the elderly from getting lost, location management of chemical plant operators, security of dangerous areas, location management of vehicles and equipment, etc.
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Saeidi, Tale, Idris Ismail, Wong Peng Wen, Adam R. H. Alhawari, and Ahmad Mohammadi. "Ultra-Wideband Antennas for Wireless Communication Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2019 (April 22, 2019): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7918765.

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A review paper concerning wide-band and ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas used for wireless communication purposes in terms of the materials as well as a numerical analysis is presented. These antennas which are taken into account are listed as wide-band microstrip antenna, wide-band monopole antenna over a plate, wide-slot UWB antenna, stacked patch UWB antenna, taper slot (TSA) UWB antenna, metamaterial (MTM) structure UWB antennas, elliptical printed monopole UWB antenna, and flexible wearable UWB antenna. The antennas’ performance is compared based on their size and how they can be applicable for portable communication device applications. This review paper furnishes a proper direction to select varieties of figures in terms of impedance bandwidth, gain, directivity, dimensions, time domain characteristics, and materials affecting these antenna’s characteristics.
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Ahmed, Arslan, Ghulam Hussain, and Ali Raza. "Ultra-Wide Band Horseshoe Antenna for Cognitive Radio Applications." Journal of Applied Engineering & Technology (JAET) 5, no. 1 (2021): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55447/jaet.05.01.34.

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In this paper, an Ultra-wide band (UWB) micro-strip antenna design is proposed to be suitable for Cognitive radio applications. The geometry of proposed antenna is composed of two semi-circles with their interior modified to achieve higher impedance bandwidth. The semi-etched ground enhances bandwidth to achieve higher data rate. The proposed antenna is fabricated on an inexpensive dielectric substrate FR-4 with relative permittivity of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6mm. The overall dimension of UWB antenna is 60x60x1.6mm and have a bandwidth of 5.7 GHz. The designed antenna covers the most commonly used wireless communication bands such as DCS-1800, ISM bands, GPS, Wi-MAX, WLAN, 3-G, 4-G, etc. The design process and the variations in antenna’s performance is due to different parameters such as structure, thickness and material. The design and simulation of the antenna are carried out in the Ansys simulation software on Desktop HFSS 17. The measured results are in good agreement with simulated results and exhibits better performance than the existing designed antennas.
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Rahman, MuhibUr. "CPW Fed Miniaturized UWB Tri-Notch Antenna with Bandwidth Enhancement." Advances in Electrical Engineering 2016 (October 10, 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7279056.

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A Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) fed miniaturized ultra-wideband (UWB) tri-notch antenna with bandwidth enhancement is proposed. The antenna is prototyped for ultra-wideband (UWB) communication applications with bandwidth enhancement. By implementing asymmetric structure, the miniaturization in the antenna has been achieved with a very compact size of 22 × 13 × 1.5 mm3 making it suitable for USB dongle applications. The antenna is first simulated with partial rectangular ground plane which shows that operating bandwidth ranges from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. Then the antenna is measured and simulated by cutting the ground plane with specific geometry which shows that operating bandwidth now ranges from 3.1 to 20 GHz which provides a wide usable fractional bandwidth of more than 150%. The antenna is then modified for tri-notch applications in order to reject worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) band (3.3–3.6 GHz) and wireless local area network (WLAN) frequency bands (lower WLAN (5.15–5.325) and upper WLAN (5.725–5.825) GHz). Triple Band rejection capability has been achieved by introducing three complementary split ring resonators (CSRR) in the radiating patch.
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Mr. Anish Dhabliya. "Ultra Wide Band Pulse Generation Using Advanced Design System Software." International Journal of New Practices in Management and Engineering 2, no. 02 (2013): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijnpme.v2i02.14.

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In radio spectrum, Ultra Wide Band is a defined as the technology which is used for short range communication with high bandwidth at low energy dimensions. Ultra Wide Band technology find its application in radar imaging, location based services and live tracking. The Objective of this paper is to generate UWB pulse. Here UWB pulse generation is simulated using Advanced Design System software. The operation output pulse are obtained in the interval of 10usec for input pulse train of 10usec ON state and 10usec of OFF state at low inductive values of UWB generation circuit. The oscillations are neglected by connecting high inductive value in UWB pulse generation circuit. The skipped output pulses are obtained for the input pulse with rise and fall time. Short pulse UWB pulse generation is simulated using schottky diode. The short pulse of 0.2usec with oscillations is obtained for the bit sequence short input pulse of UWB pulse generation circuit.
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Palaniswamy, Sandeep Kumar, Malathi Kanagasabai, Shrivastav Arun Kumar, M. Gulam Nabi Alsath, Sangeetha Velan, and Jayaram Kizhekke Pakkathillam. "Super wideband printed monopole antenna for ultra wideband applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 1 (2015): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078715000951.

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This paper presents the design, testing, and analysis of a clover structured monopole antenna for super wideband applications. The proposed antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth (−10 dB bandwidth) from 1.9 GHz to frequency over 30 GHz. The clover shaped antenna with a compact size of 50 mm × 45 mm is designed and fabricated on an FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. Parametric study has been performed by varying the parameters of the clover to obtain an optimum wide band characteristics. Furthermore, the prototype introduces a method of achieving super wide bandwidth by deploying fusion of elliptical patch geometries (clover shaped) with a semi elliptical ground plane, loaded with a V-cut at the ground. The proposed antenna has a 14 dB bandwidth from 5.9 to 13.1 GHz, which is suitable for ultra wideband (UWB) outdoor propagation. The prototype is experimentally validated for frequencies within and greater than UWB. Transfer function, impulse response, and group delay has been plotted in order to address the time domain characteristics of the proposed antenna with fidelity factor values. The possible applications cover wireless local area network, C-band, Ku-band, K-band operations, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, and Wireless USB.
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Zhu, Junli, Mengfei Chen, Ziting Li, and Jingping Liu. "A Compact Planar Ultra-Wideband Array Antenna." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2023 (October 10, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1339236.

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Ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas have recently gained prominence in communication, radar technology, and electronic warfare domains. The quick development of these antennas is due to the wide bandwidth requirements of pulse radar, ground penetrating radar, electromagnetic compatibility, spaceborne communication systems, stealth target detection, and more. Aiming to address the defects of existing UWB antennas, which often have narrow bandwidth and low gain, a planar ultra-wideband microstrip array antenna was designed to achieve good ultra-wideband characteristics and effectively improve the gain of the antenna. The initial bandwidth of the rectangular monopole antenna was 10 GHz–20 GHz. After loading multiple steps on the monopole patch, the bandwidth was increased to between 10 and 38 GHz. Using the new ultra-wideband array method that combines series feed and angle feed and the defective ground structure (DGS), the array maintains the ultrawide bandwidth span of 10–38 GHz of the array element, and the maximum gain of the antenna in the bandwidth was increased from 5.18 dBi to 9.55 dBi. The challenge of impedance matching of antenna units in ultra-wideband is resolved by the novel array technique, which also increases the antenna’s gain within the bandwidth. The antenna simulation is consistent with the measurement results. With its extensive operating frequency band, high gain, compactness, and favorable radiation attributes, this newly designed antenna holds significant promise for application in UWB radar systems.
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Elsheakh, Dalia M., and Esmat A. Abdallah. "Ultra-wide-bandwidth (UWB) microstrip monopole antenna using split ring resonator (SRR) structure." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 10, no. 1 (2018): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078717001131.

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This paper presents a procedure to model an ultra wide-bandwidth (UWB) microstrip monopole antenna. The proposed antenna is composed of three different lengths of semi-circular shapes connected with circular disk and half circular modified ground plane. The proposed antenna has a size of 50 × 50 mm2on a low-cost FR4 substrate. The antenna demonstrates impedance bandwidth of −10 dB extended from 1.5 to 11 GHz with discontinuous bandwidth at different interior operating bands. Two pairs of split ring resonator as metamaterial structure cells are inserted closely located from feeding transmission line of the antenna to achieve good impedance matching over the entire band of operation and improve the antenna performance. The fundamental parameters of the antenna including reflection coefficient, gain, radiation pattern and group delay are obtained and they meet the acceptable UWB antenna standard. High-frequency structure simulator ver. 14 is used as full-wave electromagnetic solver then the prototypes are fabricated and measured. Results show that the antenna is very suitable for the applications in UWB as well as wireless communication systems.
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Kiani, Saad Hassan, Huseyin Serif Savci, Mehr E. Munir, Ahmed Sedik, and Hala Mostafa. "An Ultra-Wide Band MIMO Antenna System with Enhanced Isolation for Microwave Imaging Applications." Micromachines 14, no. 9 (2023): 1732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14091732.

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This paper introduces a novel two-port ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system with enhanced isolation characteristics. The antenna, designed on a thin 0.787 mm RO5880 substrate, achieves a compact form factor of 52 × 26 mm2 and offers a wide bandwidth of 9.2 GHz (2.3 GHz to 11.5 GHz) while meeting the VSWR 2:1 criterion. Notably, the proposed antenna demonstrates an impressive increase in isolation, up to 16 dB, through the integration of a shared radiator with small rectangular slots, effectively reducing interference and improving overall performance. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of additional MIMO performance parameters, including the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and diversity gain, confirms their satisfactory limits, validating the potential of the proposed UWB-MIMO antenna for various UWB applications. The time domain analysis of the UWB antenna is also analyzed, and results are found to be within satisfactory limits. Simulation and measurement results further support the practicality and effectiveness of the antenna design, highlighting its compact size, wide bandwidth, and enhanced isolation characteristics, positioning it as a promising solution for advanced UWB microwave imaging systems.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ultra-Wide Bandwidth (UWB)"

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Ahtaryieva, Lilia. "Statistical mapping of real environments with uwb radars." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8590/.

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In this master thesis I evaluated the performance of a Ultra-Wide Bandwidth (UWB) radar system for indoor environments mapping. In particular, I used a statistical Bayesian approach which is able to combine all the measurements collected by the radar, including system non-idealities such as the error on the estimated antenna pointing direction or on the estimated radar position. First I verified through simulations that the system was able to provide a sufficiently accurate reconstruction of the surrounding environment despite the limitations imposed by the UWB technology. In fact, the emission of UWB pulses is limited in terms of transmitted power by international regulations. Motivated by the promising results obtained through simulations, I successively carried out a measurement campaign in a real indoor environment using a UWB commercial device. The obtained results showed that the UWB radar system is capable of providing an accurate reconstruction of indoor environments also adopting not directional antennas.
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Silva, Bruna Alice Lima da. "Antenas monopolo planar com patch em anel circular para sistemas UWB." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15320.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:55:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunaALS_DISSERT.pdf: 4847936 bytes, checksum: ecc365df0d6ba32afff7d15a2ae1d14a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-14<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior<br>The microstrip antennas are largely used in wireless communication systems due to their low cost, weight, less complex construction and manufacturing, in addition to its versatility. UWB systems have emerged as an alternative to wireless communications over short distances because they offer of higher capacity and lower multipath distortion than other systems with the same purpose. Combining the advantages of microstrip antennas to the characteristics of UWB, it is possible to develop more and more smaller devices, with diverse geometries to operate satisfactorily in these systems. This paper aims to propose alternatives to microstrip antennas for UWB systems operate in the range between 3.1 and 10.6 GHz, with a patch on circular ring. Some techniques are analyzed and employed to increase the bandwidth of proposed antenna: the insertion of a parasitic elements and a rectangular slit in the displaced ground plane. For this, key issues are presented as the basic principles of UWB systems, the fundamental theory of antennas and microstrip antennas. The simulations and experimental characterization of constructed antennas are presented, as well as analysis of parameters such as bandwidth and radiation pattern<br>As antenas de microfita s?o amplamente utilizadas nos sistemas de comunica??o sem fio devido ?s suas caracter?sticas de baixo custo, peso, menor complexidade de constru??o e fabrica??o, al?m de sua versatilidade. Os sistemas UWB surgiram como uma alternativa ?s comunica??es sem fio de curtas dist?ncias por oferecerem maior capacidade e menor distor??o por multipercurso que outros sistemas com a mesma finalidade. Aliando as vantagens das antenas de microfita ?s caracter?sticas do UWB ? poss?vel desenvolver dispositivos cada vez menores e com geometrias diversificadas para operar satisfatoriamente nesses sistemas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor alternativas de antenas de microfita para operar em sistemas UWB, na faixa entre 3,1 e 10,6 GHz, com patch em anel circular. S?o empregadas e analisadas algumas t?cnicas para aumentar a largura de banda das antenas propostas: a inser??o de elementos parasitas e de uma fenda retangular no plano terra deslocado. Para isto, s?o apresentados temas fundamentais como os princ?pios b?sicos dos sistemas UWB, a teoria fundamental de antenas e antenas de microfita. S?o apresentadas as simula??es e caracteriza??es experimentais das antenas constru?das, bem como uma an?lise de par?metros como a largura de banda e o diagrama de radia??o
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Benouakta, Amina. "Conception de systèmes antennaires pour applications de supervision et de localisation dans l'Internet des objets industriel." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ4011.

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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le contexte de l'Internet des Objets (Internet of Things, IoT), de l'identification et de la traçabilité d'objets dans des environnements dits complexes, réalisées au moyen de la technologie ULB (Ultra-Large Bande) dite de haute précision temporelle. L'ambition est de contribuer à l'évolution des systèmes ULB de localisation en temps réel par la conception et l'optimisation d'antennes ULB qui soient reconfigurables, multistandards et multifonctionnelles. Ainsi, tout système de localisation intégrant des antennes optimisées sera doté d'une qualité de localisation meilleure et de fonctions nouvelles.Les contributions principales développées dans cette thèse ont consisté en l'apport d'améliorations aux systèmes de localisation en temps réel (RTLS) basé sur la technologie ULB : conception et fabrication d'antennes ULB reconfigurables en fréquence ; conception et fabrication d'une carte électronique de localisation multistandards (ULB et Long Range - LoRa) ; étude expérimentale des systèmes RTLS intégrant les antennes conçues et validation de l'évolution de la localisation en termes de portées supérieures, de détectabilité d'objets sans connaissance préalable de leurs orientations, et en précision améliorée par l'atténuation de signaux multi-trajets<br>This thesis is part of the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT), object identification, and traceability in so-called complex environments through Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) technology known for its high temporal precision. The objective is to contribute to the advancement of real-time UWB-based localization systems through the design and optimization of UWB antennas that are reconfigurable, multi-standards, and multi-functions. Therefore, any localization system integrating the optimized antennas will have improved localization quality and new functionalities.The main contributions developed in this thesis involve enhancements to real-time localization systems (RTLS) based on UWB technology: design and fabrication of frequency reconfigurable UWB antennas; design and fabrication of a multi-standard localization electronic board (UWB and Long Range - LoRa); experimental study of RTLS systems incorporating the designed antennas and validation of the evolution of the localization in terms of extended reading ranges, detectability of objects without prior knowledge of their orientations, and improved location accuracy through the attenuation of multi-path signals
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Alhaddad, Abdolrauf Gawad. "Balanced antennas for mobile handset applications : simulation and measurement of balanced antennas for mobile handsets, investigating specific absorption rate when operated near the human body, and a coplanar waveguide alternative to the balanced feed." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5512.

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The main objectives of this research are to investigate and design low profile antennas for mobile handsets applications using the balanced concept. These antennas are considered to cover a wide range of wireless standards such as: DCS (1710-1880 MHz), PCS (1850-1990 MHz), UMTS (1920-2170 MHz), WLAN (2400-2500 MHz and 5000-5800 MHz) and UWB frequency bands. Various antennas are implemented based on built-in planar dipole with a folded arm structure. The performance of several designed antennas in terms of input return loss, radiation patterns, radiation efficiency and power gain are presented and several remarkable results are obtained. The measurements confirm the theoretical design concept and show reasonable agreement with computations. The stability performance of the proposed antenna is also evaluated by analysing the current distribution on the mobile phone ground plane. The specific absorption rate (SAR) performance of the antenna is also studied experimentally by measuring antenna near field exposure. The measurement results are correlated with the calculated ones. A new dual-band balanced antenna using coplanar waveguide structure is also proposed, discussed and tested; this is intended to eliminate the balanced feed network. The predicted and measured results show good agreement, confirming good impedance bandwidth characteristics and excellent dual-band performance. In addition, a hybrid method to model the human body interaction with a dual band balanced antenna structure covering the 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz bands is presented. Results for several test cases of antenna locations on the body are presented and discussed. The near and far fields were incorporated to provide a full understanding of the impact on human tissue. The cumulative distribution function of the radiation efficiency and absorbed power are also evaluated.
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Alhaddad, A. G. "Balanced antennas for mobile handset applications. Simulation and Measurement of Balanced Antennas for Mobile Handsets, investigating Specific Absorption Rate when operated near the human body, and a Coplanar Waveguide alternative to the Balanced Feed." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5512.

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The main objectives of this research are to investigate and design low profile antennas for mobile handsets applications using the balanced concept. These antennas are considered to cover a wide range of wireless standards such as: DCS (1710¿1880 MHz), PCS (1850¿1990 MHz), UMTS (1920¿2170 MHz), WLAN (2400¿2500 MHz and 5000 ¿ 5800 MHz) and UWB frequency bands. Various antennas are implemented based on built-in planar dipole with a folded arm structure. The performance of several designed antennas in terms of input return loss, radiation patterns, radiation efficiency and power gain are presented and several remarkable results are obtained. The measurements confirm the theoretical design concept and show reasonable agreement with computations. The stability performance of the proposed antenna is also evaluated by analysing the current distribution on the mobile phone ground plane. The specific absorption rate (SAR) performance of the antenna is also studied experimentally by measuring antenna near field exposure. The measurement results are correlated with the calculated ones. A new dual-band balanced antenna using coplanar waveguide structure is also proposed, discussed and tested; this is intended to eliminate the balanced feed network. The predicted and measured results show good agreement, confirming good impedance bandwidth characteristics and excellent dual-band performance. In addition, a hybrid method to model the human body interaction with a dual band balanced antenna structure covering the 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz bands is presented. Results for several test cases of antenna locations on the body are presented and discussed. The near and far fields were incorporated to provide a full understanding of the impact on human tissue. The cumulative distribution function of the radiation efficiency and absorbed power are also evaluated.<br>UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
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Book chapters on the topic "Ultra-Wide Bandwidth (UWB)"

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Madanan, Gopikrishna, and Deepti Das Krishna. "Time Domain Performance Evaluation of UWB Antennas." In UWB Technology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94546.

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The performance of printed wideband antennas has to be optimized both in frequency and time domains, to qualify for UWB applications. This is especially true in multi-resonant antenna topologies where the excitation of different modes can change phase centers and radiation patterns with frequency. The study presented in this chapter intends to demonstrate the simulation and experimental design for the time domain characterization of UWB antennas. Modeling the antenna as a linear time-invariant system with transfer function and impulse response, distortion caused to a nanosecond pulse is analyzed. Two planar monopole antenna designs are considered for the comparative study: the SQMA and RMA. SQMA is a traditional CPW-fed monopole design with ground modifications for ultra wide-bandwidth. RMA is a rectangular CPW-fed monopole with an impedance transformer arrangement at the antenna feed. RMA maintains constant impedance over the entire UWB and contributes towards maintaining uniformity in the radiation patterns over the entire frequency band by its design. Transfer function measurements are performed for both the azimuthal and elevation planes and the impulse responses are deduced by performing IFFT. Parameters such as FWHM and ringing are computed from the impulse response for the performance comparison. To evaluate the influence of the antenna geometry on a transmitted/received pulse, the impulse responses are convoluted with a standard UWB pulse. The time-domain distortion for the designs is then compared by computing the Fidelity parameter.
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Conference papers on the topic "Ultra-Wide Bandwidth (UWB)"

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Jabber, Abdullah A., and Ghada A. Shadeed. "Bandwidth Control for Compact UWB Band Antenna in Ultra-Wide Band Applications." In 2022 2nd International Conference on Advances in Engineering Science and Technology (AEST). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aest55805.2022.10413170.

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Rajgopal, S. K., and S. K. Sharma. "Performance of ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) pentagon shape microstrip slot antenna for wireless communications." In 2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.2008.4619335.

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Liu, Miao, Fangqi Zhu, and Jing Liang. "Channel modeling based on ultra-wide bandwidth(UWB) radar in soil environment with different pH values." In 2014 Sixth International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2014.6992167.

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Che, Fuhu, Abbas Ahmed, Qasim Zeeshan Ahmed, Syed Ali Raza Zaidi, and Muhammad Zeeshan Shakir. "Machine Learning Based Approach for Indoor Localization Using Ultra-Wide Bandwidth (UWB) System for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)." In 2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ucet51115.2020.9205352.

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Moody, R. A., and S. K. Sharma. "Investigations on co-planar waveguide fed pentagon shape planar monopole ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) antenna on foam substrate providing invariant radiation patterns." In 2010 IEEE International Symposium Antennas and Propagation and CNC-USNC/URSI Radio Science Meeting. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.2010.5562188.

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