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1

Pan, Yi, Wuchao Wang, Kang Gong, Christopher J. Hurren, and Qing Li. "Ultrasonic scouring as a pretreatment of wool and its application in low-temperature dyeing." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 10 (2018): 1975–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518783348.

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Ultrasonic technology has shown the potential to reduce the cost and environmental impact of textile wet processing. This work investigates the effects of ultrasonic irradiation as a pretreatment on wool and its application in low-temperature dyeing. A significant increase in dye uptake and color strength was observed on the fabric ultrasonically pretreated at 40 kHz, followed by that at 80 kHz and the conventionally treated sample, in both acid dyeing and reactive dyeing. This could be due to the changes of the fiber surface structure and modification of the chemical structure in the cell mem
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2

He, Wenting, Weiming Guo, and Zhongchun Jiang*. "Effects of Ultrasonic Wave on Water Conditions, Antioxidases, and Free Radical in Cut Nymphaea tetragona During Cold Wet Storage." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 760B—760. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.760b.

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Effects of two pretreatments, i.e., ultrasonic wave (UW) and ultrasonic wave plus preservative solution (UW+PS), on water conditions of flower stem and membrane stability of petals in Nymphaea tetragona during 6-d cold wet storage. Compared with no pretreatment control, the two pretreatments prolonged the vase life and improved water conditions of the cut flower during cold storage to different degrees. Fresh weight of flower stems and relative water content of petals increased during cold storage. The water utilization efficiency of flower stem and water potential in different parts of flower
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3

Le, Ngoc Tuan, Carine Julcour-Lebigue, and Henri Delmas. "Ultrasonic sludge pretreatment under pressure." Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 20, no. 5 (2013): 1203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.03.005.

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4

Chiu, Ying-Chih, Cheng-Nan Chang, Jih-Gaw Lin, and Shwu-Jiuan Huang. "Alkaline and ultrasonic pretreatment of sludge before anaerobic digestion." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 11 (1997): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0406.

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Pretreatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) results in an improved efficiency of the subsequent anaerobic biotransformation of the organic matter to volatile fatty acids. The pretreatment process has been carried out using alkaline treatment, ultrasonic treatment (20 KHz, 120 W) and different combination of these two methods: alkaline followed by ultrasonic, as well as the combining method in which ultrasonic treatment is applied to WAS samples dosed with alkaline. The hydrolysis efficiency was evaluated based on the quantity of soluble COD (SCOD) and organic nitrogen in the pretreated WAS as
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5

Jiang, J. Q., Q. L. Zhao, K. Wang, L. L. Wei, G. D. Zhang, and J. N. Zhang. "Effect of ultrasonic and alkaline pretreatment on sludge degradation and electricity generation by microbial fuel cell." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 11 (2010): 2915–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.192.

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Both ultrasonic and alkaline pretreatment of excess sewage sludge were investigated to enhance organic degradation and electricity generation from sludge by the subsequent microbial fuel cell (MFC). The ultrasonic pretreatment showed that the degree of sludge disintegration was directly related to the energy input, ultrasonic density and duration. Alkaline pretreatment demonstrated that more soluble organic matters were released from the sludge with more NaOH dose and longer reaction time, and the degree of sludge disintegration within 30 min accounted for 45–76% of that for 24 h. When ultraso
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6

Pilli, Sridhar, Puspendu Bhunia, Song Yan, R. J. LeBlanc, R. D. Tyagi, and R. Y. Surampalli. "Ultrasonic pretreatment of sludge: A review." Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 18, no. 1 (2011): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.02.014.

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7

Zheng, Li, Shui Yu Sun, Yan Bin Xu, et al. "Characteristics of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) and Enzymes during the Aerobic/anoxic Digestion of Sewage Sludge after Ultrasonic Pretreatment." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 2008–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2008.

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In this paper, ultrasonic pretreatment was used to improve the aerobic/anoxic digestion of sewage sludge. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and enzymes in the digestion were analysed to understand the mechanisms responsible for this improvement. The results showed that the ultrasonic pretreatment enhanced enzymatic activities and accelerated the solubilisation of the EPS. In addition, ultrasonic pretreatment could not only break flocs and release extracellular materials but also destroy cells and release intercellular materials. With ultrasonic pretreatment, the sludge reduction for
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8

Le, Tuan Minh, Phong Thanh Vo, Tuan Anh Do, et al. "Effect of Assisted Ultrasonication and Ozone Pretreatments on Sludge Characteristics and Yield of Biogas Production." Processes 7, no. 10 (2019): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7100743.

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The effects of ultrasonic and ozonation pretreatments on organic solubilization, anaerobic biodegradability, and biogas production were elucidated in this study. Two pretreatment methods for batch anaerobic digestion for biogas recovery with the same material and experimental conditions were the focus for comparison. Anaerobic digestion experiments were conducted at ambient temperature with the solid retention time set to 25 days. The obtained results indicated that the soluble chemical oxygen demand increased from 0.344 without pretreatment to 1.023 and 1.228 g/L with ultrasound and ozone pre
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9

Stefanescu, Mihai, Laurentiu Razvan Dinu, and Costel Bumbac. "Ultrasonic Alkaline Pretreatment of Biological Activated Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Plants." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 1 (2019): 301–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.1.6904.

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Ultrasonic treatment has become a modern method for removal of micropollutants and refractory compounds from water/wastewater and to improve biodegradation efficiency of biological activated sludge from wastewater treatment plants, in order to produce biogas. This paper is referring to the ultrasonic pretreatment of biological activated sludge, before anaerobic fermentation phase, to increase the amount of biogas generation. The pretreatment of biological sludge is based on two steps: alkaline digestion and ultrasonication. Ten minutes of alkaline condition (pH 9.5 - 10.5) followed by 10 minut
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10

Liu, Chun Hong, and Feng Wang. "The Study on the Sludge Anaerobic Digestion after the Ultrasonic Treatment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1740.

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This paper studied on the energy efficiency of the sludge anaerobic digestion after the pretreatment of ultrasonic wave. Adding ratio of the sludge after the ultrasonic pretreatment was 30 %,50 %,70 % respectively, the retention time of the digested sludge was 27 d,20 d,16 d. The experiment results show that to treat the sludge by ultrasonic wave in 50-90s is considered to be suitable and the Energy Consumption is relatively less. The ultrasonic disruption rate is 3 %-4.2 % which met the requirement of the sludge anaerobic digestion technique. When the adding ratio of the sludge by the ultraso
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11

Le, Tuan Ngoc, and Chau Ngoc Pham. "Evaluation approaches of sludge ultrasonic pretreatment efficiency: a review." Science and Technology Development Journal 16, no. 1 (2013): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v16i1.1389.

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Ultrasonic irradiation (US) is a feasible and promising mechanical disruption technique for sludge disintegration, biodegradability acceleration, and anaerobic digestion enhancement. It is clear that many processing factors significantly affect cavitation and consequently the efficiency of sludge pretreatment. Therefore, assessment, comparison, and selection of optimal ultrasonic conditions for actual application of sludge pretreatment are sorely necessary. The objective of this work is to present an extensive review of evaluation approaches of sludge ultrasonic pretreatment efficiency based o
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12

Tiehm, A., I. Kohnagel, and U. Neis. "Removal of chlorinated pollutants by a combination of ultrasound and biodegradation." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 2 (2001): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0103.

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Chlorinated organic compounds are hazardous pollutants found in waste water, surface water, and ground water. Our study shows that a combination of ultrasonic pretreatment and biodegradation effectively removes the solvent chlorobenzene and the disinfectant 2,4-dichlorophenol, also reduces Adsorbable Organic Halogens (AOX) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). In our experiments, the ultrasonic dechlorination was not influenced by the presence of other soluble organic compounds like acetate or glucose. Dechlorination of chlorobenzene by ultrasound did not lead to toxic or inhibiting reaction produ
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13

XU, YONGJIAN, YING YAN, XIAOPENG YUE, ZHENFENG ZHU, DINGJUN ZHANG, and GUANGQIANG HOU. "Effects of ultrasonic wave pretreatment on the fibrillation of cellulose fiber." April 2014 13, no. 4 (2014): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj13.4.37.

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Pinus massoniana Lamb. was used as the raw cellulose fiber material to investigate effects of ultrasonic wave pretreatment and PFI pretreatment on fiber bonding and absorbability. Influences of ultrasonic wave pretreatment on fiber crystalline structure and hydrogen bonds were also analyzed by wide-angle X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The absorption and internal bond strength of fiber pretreated by ultrasonic waves increased by 23.49% and 4.07%, respectively, in comparison with those of virgin fiber, which would result in the improvement of weak bonding a
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14

Zeng, Jiang Nan, Bo Quan Jiang, Zheng Qiang Xiao, and Shu Huan Li. "Extraction of Collagen from Fish Scales with Papain under Ultrasonic Pretreatment." Advanced Materials Research 366 (October 2011): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.366.421.

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The extraction of collagen from fish scales with papain under ultrasonic pretreatment was conducted in this paper. The effects of the ultrasonic pretreatment time, the ratio of papain to fish scales, the extraction temperature and the extraction time on the extraction rate of collagen were investigated by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, respectively. The results showed that the optimum conditions for collagen extraction from fish scales were: ultrasonic pretreatment time 4min, ratio of papain to fish scales 4%, temperature 60°C and extraction time 5h. Under the optimum cond
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15

Moon, Sang Jae, Byeong Cheol Jeon, Jin Taek Choi, and Se Yong Nam. "Solubilization of Dairy Sludge using Ultrasonic Pretreatment." Journal of Milk Science and Biotechnology 35, no. 4 (2017): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22424/jmsb.2017.35.4.244.

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16

Clark, P. B., and I. Nujjoo. "Ultrasonic Sludge Pretreatment for Enhanced Sludge Digestion." Water and Environment Journal 14, no. 1 (2000): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2000.tb00228.x.

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17

Misra, M., A. M. Raichur, and A. P. Lan. "Improved flotation of arsenopyrite by ultrasonic pretreatment." Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 20, no. 2 (2003): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03403138.

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18

Aghmashhadi, Omid Yazdani, Ghasem Asadpour, Esmaeil Rasooly Garmaroody, Majid Zabihzadeh, Lisandra Rocha-Meneses, and Timo Kikas. "The Effect of Deinking Process on Bioethanol Production from Waste Banknote Paper." Processes 8, no. 12 (2020): 1563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8121563.

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The aim of this paper is to study the effect of reinking and pretreatment of waste banknote paper on its usability in the bioethanol production process. To this end, the tensile strength of worn banknote paper was first studied at different pH values. The sample with the lowest tensile strength was considered for the next sections. In the deinking process, NaOH at different concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and in combination with ultrasonic treatment was applied. After deinking the pulp, two acidic and alkaline chemical pretreatments with concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% were used indep
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19

Wei, Na. "Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment for the Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge." Advanced Materials Research 531 (June 2012): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.531.528.

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Anaerobic digestion is an economic and environmentally friendly technology for treating the biomass material-sewage sludge, but has some limitations, such as the low efficient biogass production. In this paper ultrasound was proposed as pre-treatment for effective sludge anaerobic digestion. Sludge anaerobic digestion experiments with ultrasonic pretreatment was investigated. It can be seen that this treatment effectively leaded to the increase of soluble chemical oxygen demand(SCOD) and volatile fatty acids(VFA)concentration. High concentration of VFA leaded to a increase in biogas production
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20

Fu, Zhong Jun, Hao Fei Huang, Lu Shan Yu, and Hong Wang. "Research on Enzyme Pretreatment of Polylactic Acid/Cotton Blended Fabric under Ultrasonic Wave." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 2722–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.2722.

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In this paper, the application of the ultrasonic technology to the enzyme desizing pretreatment of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber was studied, and the different effect of such technology and traditional treatment on the PLA properties was also discussed. The results showed that, with the aid of the ultrasonic wave, the mass decrease rate and the whiteness of fiber increased 15% and 25% respectively, while the tear strength decreased nearly 6% after the enzyme pretreatment. Besides, the time of ultrasonic pretreatment also decreased 20% compared with traditional process. The optimal enzyme desizin
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21

Fu, Zhong Jun, Hao Fei Huang, Lu Shan Yu, and Yun Fei Sun. "Application of Ultrasonic Technology in the Enzyme Pretreatment of PLA Fabric." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.378.

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In this paper, compared with the traditional desizing process, the ultrasonic technology was applied to the pretreatment of PLA fabric combined with enzyme. The results showed that the fabric weight loss rate and the whiteness of the fabric increased 15% and 20% respectively after the ultrasonic treatment. Besides, the efficiency of the ultrasonic method also increased by 20% time saving.
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22

Li, Zheng, Sun Shuiyu, Xu Yanbin, Yao Weiting, and Tong Wenjin. "Effect of low power ultrasound on aerobic/anoxic digestion of activated sludge." Water Science and Technology 65, no. 5 (2012): 970–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.451.

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The effect of low power ultrasound on aerobic/anoxic digestion of activated sludge was investigated. First, dehydrogenate activity (DHA) and special oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) were detected to indicate the change of biological activity of sludge induced by ultrasound. Single-factor experiments showed that when the ultrasonic frequency was 28 kHz, the optimal ultrasonic density and exposure time were 0.15 W/mL and 10 min, respectively. Through orthogonal tests, the optimal ultrasonic parameters for aerobic/anoxic digestion were found to be a ultrasonic density of 0.15 W/mL, ultrasonic exposure t
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23

Wang, Hai Long, Xue Du, and Su Juan Wang. "Key Technologies of Diamond Tool Cutting of Ferrous Metals with Ultrasonic Vibration." Key Engineering Materials 679 (February 2016): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.679.117.

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The paper presents a review on the current situation of diamond tool ultrasonic vibration cutting ferrous metal. The key technology of diamond tool ultrasonic vibration cutting ferrous metals is presented in this paper and the influence of the processing environment of the presence of carbon atoms protective gas, the presence of carbon particles coolant of temperature control technology, ultrasonic vibration, workpiece material surface pretreatment or without on diamond tool wear rate and workpiece surface quality, the relationship between diamond tool wear rate, the workpiece surface quality
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24

Gonze, E., L. Fourel, Y. Gonthier, P. Boldo, and A. Bernis. "Wastewater pretreatment with ultrasonic irradiation to reduce toxicity." Chemical Engineering Journal 73, no. 2 (1999): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1385-8947(99)00021-2.

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25

Xu, Mengdi, Yaowen Xing, Xiahui Gui, Yijun Cao, Dongyue Wang, and Longwu Wang. "Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment on Oxidized Coal Flotation." Energy & Fuels 31, no. 12 (2017): 14367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b02115.

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26

Tobgay, U., P. Boonyanuphong, and P. Meunprasertdee. "Comparison of hot water and methanol extraction combined with ultrasonic pretreatment on antioxidant properties of two pigmented rice cultivars." Food Research 4, no. 2 (2019): 547–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(2).330.

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Pigmented rice is considered as the good source of phytochemicals which contains more phenolic contents and higher antioxidant activities compared with non-pigmented rice. However, those phytochemicals are normally extracted using inorganic solvent, using water was rarely found. This study was aimed to compare extraction methods on antioxidant contents and activities of two types of Thai pigmented rice (black glutinous rice and red non-glutinous rice). Pigmented rice was extracted either conventional method alone or a combination of ultrasonic plus conventional method with different solvents (
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27

Liu, Chang, Ping Zeng, Yong Hui Song, et al. "Phosphorus Releasing from Surplus Activated Sludge by Ultrasonic Pretreatment." Advanced Materials Research 878 (January 2014): 702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.878.702.

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Three kinds of surplus activated sludge were pretreated by alkali and combination of alkali and ultrasonic. The changes of PO43-P, TP, SCOD, TOC, TS, VS before and after pretreatment were investigated. The results showed that phosphorus and organic matter could be released into supernatant both by alkali and ultrasonic. The surplus activated sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant was easier to be broken than that from pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plant. The activated sludge from Qinghe wastewater treatment plant could be selected for further phosphorus recovery since the large
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28

Qiu, Song, Mengjing Xia, and Zhenshan Li. "Ultrasonic irradiation as pretreatment for the reduction of excess sludge by Fenton-acclimation treatment." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 8 (2013): 1701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.014.

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Ultrasonic irradiation as a pretreatment of Fenton-acclimation treatment was investigated to enhance the efficiency of sludge reduction and effectiveness of operating cost. A series of batch experiments were conducted to optimize the reaction conditions for ultrasonic–Fenton treatment. Separate ultrasonic treatment suggested that input power of 0.4 W/mL and ultrasonic time of 10 min were the optimal conditions for sludge disintegration, and the efficiency was reduced with the increase of sludge mixed liquor suspended solids. Separate Fenton treatment revealed that 9 g/L and 40 mg/L were the op
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29

Adewuyi, Sefiu O., Hussin A. M. Ahmed, and Haitham M. A. Ahmed. "Methods of Ore Pretreatment for Comminution Energy Reduction." Minerals 10, no. 5 (2020): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10050423.

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The comminution of ores consumes a high portion of energy. Therefore, different pretreatment methods of ores prior to their comminution are considered to reduce this energy. However, the results of pretreatment methods and their technological development are scattered in literature. Hence, this paper aims at collating the different ore pretreatment methods with their applications and results from published articles, conference proceedings, and verified reports. It was found that pretreatment methods include thermal (via oven, microwave, or radiofrequency), chemical additive, electric, magnetic
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30

Li, Jia Cheng, Wen Ying Guo, Jing Wei Wu, and Yi Bo Yang. "Influence of the Pretreatment on the Concrete Chloride Diffusion Coefficient." Key Engineering Materials 477 (April 2011): 382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.477.382.

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The pretreatment of concrete rapid chloride migration coefficient (RCM) method in different standard is different in China. However the influence of pretreatment on the experimental result is uncertain, which leads to poor comparability about the results between different standards and trouble in evaluating the durability of concrete structures. The influence of the pretreatment on the chloride diffusion coefficient was studied by contrastive method. On the base of the results a suitable pretreatment of RCM method was proposed. The results are as followings: (1) the influence of pretreatment o
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31

Liu, Zhen, and Lei Ming Lu. "Cellulose Saccharification after Ultrasonic- Assisted Ionic Liquid [Amim][ HCOO] Pretreatment." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.169.

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In this study we used 1-allyl-3-methyl imidazole formate ([Amim][HCOO]) as ionic liquid to pre-treat the cellulose and determined the rate of polymerization and enzymatic hydrolysis. The results showed that pretreatment with ([Amim][HCOO]) significantly decreased the cellulose polymerization. As the pretreatment temperature went up, the enzymatic hydrolysis rate was first increased and then decreased. The maximal enzymatic hydrolysis rate was achieved when the pretreatment temperature was 90°C. Under the ultrasonic condition, the initial rate of enzymatic hydrolysis for the ionic liquid-treate
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32

Yang, Zhi Yuan, Si Tong Wang, Chao Tan, and Yan Hong Li. "Desulfurization Effect of High-Sulfur Weibei Coal of Assisted by Microwave Irradiation and Ultrasonic Wave." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.501.

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The desulfurization process of high-sulfur coal in Weibei was studied by flotation pretreatment and microwave combined with ultrasonic wave and oxidants. Through the single factor experiment which took Chenghe coal as the sample, the optimum conditions of this process had been concluded as follows: microwave power was 250 W, microwave time was 15 min, ultrasonic temperature was 60 °C, ultrasonic time was 30 min, coal slurry concentration was 0.083 g/ml, coal particle size was less than 0.074 mm, the dosage of agents was 8 mL/g, the radio of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide was 1:3. After frac
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33

Xie, Huimin, Shiwei Li, Libo Zhang, Yongmi Wang, and Hailin Long. "Roasting Pretreatment Combined with Ultrasonic Enhanced Leaching Lead from Electrolytic Manganese Anode Mud." Metals 9, no. 5 (2019): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9050601.

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A method of conventional roasting pretreatment combined with ultrasonic enhanced leaching with ammonium acetate was proposed to solve the difficult problem of lead in electrolytic manganese anode mud. The effects of concentration, liquid–solid ratio, temperature, leaching time and rotating speed on the leaching process under conventional and ultrasonic conditions were studied, and the lead leaching rate can be as high as 93.09% under optimized process parameters. A leaching kinetic model under conventional and ultrasonic conditions was established to explore the restrictive links of the leachi
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Korai, Rashid Mustafa, Akiber Chufo Wachemo, Liu Yue, et al. "Effect of ultrasonic application during KOH pretreatment and anaerobic process on digestion performance of wheat straw." RSC Advances 10, no. 16 (2020): 9290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra00525h.

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Kim, Dong-Hoon, Emma Jeong, Sae-Eun Oh, and Hang-Sik Shin. "Combined (alkaline+ultrasonic) pretreatment effect on sewage sludge disintegration." Water Research 44, no. 10 (2010): 3093–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.02.032.

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36

Ayyildiz, Onder, Serdar Sanik, and Burcu Ileri. "Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on chlorine dioxide disinfection efficiency." Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 18, no. 2 (2011): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.08.008.

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37

Askari, S., and R. Halladj. "Ultrasonic pretreatment for hydrothermal synthesis of SAPO-34 nanocrystals." Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 19, no. 3 (2012): 554–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.09.006.

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38

Nagatomo, Daichi, Takafumi Horie, Chizuru Hongo, and Naoto Ohmura. "Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on emulsion polymerization of styrene." Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 31 (July 2016): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.01.010.

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39

Nakayama, Ryo-ichi, and Masanao Imai. "Promising ultrasonic irradiation pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of Kenaf." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 1, no. 4 (2013): 1131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2013.08.030.

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40

El Nemr, Ahmed, Mohamed A. Hassaan, Marwa R. Elkatory, Safaa Ragab, and Antonio Pantaleo. "Efficiency of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Different Pretreatments for Enhancing Biogas Yield of Macroalgae Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus." Molecules 26, no. 16 (2021): 5105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26165105.

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In this work, different pretreatment methods for algae proved to be very effective in improving cell wall dissociation for biogas production. In this study, the Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus (U. intestinalis) has been exposed to individual pretreatments of (ultrasonic, ozone, microwave, and green synthesized Fe3O4) and in a combination of the first three mentioned pretreatments methods with magnetite (Fe3O4) NPs, (ultrasonic-Fe3O4, ozone-Fe3O4 and microwave-Fe3O4) in different treatment times. Moreover, the green synthesized Fe3O4 NPs has been confirmed by FTIR, TEM, XRD, SEM, EDEX, PSA and BET.
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41

Pansripong, Saran, Weerachai Arjharn, Pansa Liplap, and Thipsuphin Hinsui. "Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment on Biogas Production from Rice Straw." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 35, no. 4 (2019): 1265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/350403.

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The effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on biogas production from rice straw was investigated. Results showed that the application of 37 and 102 kHz resulted in a reduction of hemicellulose about 25.78% and 20.82%, respectively. An increase in the power level and exposition time decreased the hemicellulose content. The biochemical methane potential values at 37 kHz and 102 kHz of the pretreated rice straw for a period of 45 days were 250.36 and 243.79 mL CH4 g VS-1added, which were about 21.95% and 18.75% increase compared to the unpretreated one, respectively. The pretreatment with 37 kHz has p
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42

Song, Kang, Guo-Jun Xie, Jin Qian, et al. "Improved degradation of anaerobically digested sludge during post aerobic digestion using ultrasonic pretreatment." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 3, no. 5 (2017): 857–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ew00051k.

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43

Zhao, Hou Jie, Chun Yan Wei, Yong Zhu Cui, Li Hua Lv, and Wang Xiao. "The Effect of Ultrasonic Wave Pretreatment of Reed Leaf Cellulose Dissolved in Ionic Liquids." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.47.

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It took long time for reed leaf cellulose to dissolve in ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride), and part of the cellulose was degraded and the fiber strength reduced greatly. In order to decrease its dissolution time, the ultrasonic wave pretreatment was applied in this article. Results were showed through polarizing microscopy, SEM, FT-IR and XRD. By comparing the original fiber with the regenerated cellulose, it can be concluded that Ultrasonic wave pretreatment significantly increased the crystallinity of the fiber, weakened the fibrillation on fiber surface obviously, which p
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Roebuck, Peter, Kevin Kennedy, and Robert Delatolla. "Ultrasonic pretreatment for anaerobic digestion of suspended and attached growth sludges." Water Quality Research Journal 54, no. 4 (2019): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2019.039.

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Abstract Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a proven technology for energy production from the stabilization and reduction of sewage waste. The AD and impact of ultrasonic pretreatment of four waste activated sludges (WASs) from conventional and three non-conventional municipal wastewater treatment plants were investigated. WAS from a conventional activated sludge (CAS) system, a rotating biological contactor (RBC), a lagoon, and a nitrifying moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) were pretreated with ultrasonic energies of 800–6,550 kJ/kg total solids to illustrate the impact of sludge type and ultrasoni
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Samsalee, Namfon, and Rungsinee Sothornvit. "Physicochemical, functional properties and antioxidant activity of protein extract from spent coffee grounds using ultrasonic-assisted extraction." AIMS Agriculture and Food 6, no. 3 (2021): 864–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2021052.

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<abstract> <p>Spent coffee grounds, the residue from coffee brewing, are still underutilized even though they contain several useful organic compounds including proteins. To valorize the spent coffee grounds, the spent coffee ground protein was investigated using ultrasonic-assisted extraction as a pretreatment to conventional extraction. The pretreatments involved different ultrasound amplitudes (40%, 60% and 80%) and extraction times (10, 20 and 30 min) and their effects on the physicochemical and functional properties including antioxidant activity of protein extract. It was fou
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Ma, Ying-Shih, and Jih-Gaw Lin. "Effect of pre-sonication on removal of organic matters resulting from chlorinated humic acids." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 6 (1998): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0259.

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Humic acids are amorphous organic macromolecules that are responsible for the color of natural water. They play an important role in the formation of disinfection by-products, the stabilization of wastewater sludge, and the treatment of wastewater. An ultrasonic process is applied as a pretreatment method for the purpose of reducing the risk of chlorinated by-products. Experimental results indicate that the initial pH, ionic strength, and chlorine demand affect the amount of total organic carbon removal and Cl2 consumption significantly. The formation of chlorinated by-products depends on both
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Stefanescu, Mihai, Gheorghe Nechifor, Costel Bumbac, Ioana Ionescu, and Olga Tiron. "Improvement of Active Biological Sludge Quality for Anaerobic Digestion Phase in the Wastewater Treatment Plant by Ultrasonic Pretreatment." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 1 (2018): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.1.6039.

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This paper emphasized the influence of the main operating parameters of ultrasonic biological sludge pretreatment onto disintegration (DD-COD) and solubilizing degree of organic matter content. The optimal ultrasonic reaction time, energy and amplitude of ultrasonic waves and pH of the sludge (non-modified pH and pH 8.5) were established taking into account their influence on the solubility level of COD, an evolution of particles size. Correlations between disintegration degree and dimensional analysis were performed. Ultrasonic reactor operating to 20 kHz ultrasound frequency was a close syst
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Apul, Onur Güven, and F. Dilek Sanin. "Ultrasonic pretreatment and subsequent anaerobic digestion under different operational conditions." Bioresource Technology 101, no. 23 (2010): 8984–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.128.

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Yang, Chun-Yao, I. Chuan Sheih, and Tony J. Fang. "Fermentation of rice hull by Aspergillus japonicus under ultrasonic pretreatment." Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 19, no. 3 (2012): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.11.015.

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Yang, S. K., and P. G. Duan. "Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on the properties of bio-oil." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 39, no. 9 (2017): 941–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2016.1277285.

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