Academic literature on the topic 'Únavový faktor'

The doctoral thesis is thematically focused to human operator systems significantly contributing to this system reliability and safety. The theoretical part of the thesis is concerned with human activities and communications in MMS system, valuation and estimation of human reliability probability in MSS. The important part of the thesis is also a description of human operator neuromuscular system as an executive powerful system on MMS system regulating activities and the summary of human driver models in compensative lateral car control. The practical part of the doctoral thesis is based on analyses created by experimental data of drives. Experimental drives were done on drivers set following different backgrounds and different sleep deprivation at whole day. All experimental data was realized from the cooperation and following the agreement of Faculty of Transportation Science research centre on Prague ČVUT. Another part of thesis includes driver simulation model proposals with nonlinear components for lateral car control. Simulation model drives are compared with real drives or drivers on drive-simulator and there are monitored identical and different dynamic movement characteristics. The main target of doctoral thesis is to detect and obtain significant dynamical drive experience characteristics based on experimental data analyses. As well to found drive characters variability owing to driver’s fatigue and determinated evaluated characteristics changes. Acquired results of thesis should help in assistant systems that in cooperation with other components alert to micro-sleep and run off drive possibility.

The presented master’s thesis deals with fatigue crack front shape estimation. The aim of this thesis is to create an iterative process leading to the real fatigue crack front shape. Thesis is solved using finite element method. The work is divided into two logical parts. The first part of the thesis describes the basic concepts of linear elastic fracture mechanic (LEFM), methods used for estimation of stress intensity factor and stress singularity exponent. The first part further describes some phenomenon’s accompanying the mechanism of fatigue crack growth as for example crack tip curving and crack closure. In the second part of the thesis there is studied an affect of the free surface on the fracture parameters, especially the affected distance from the free surface is determined. Based on the assumption of a constant stress intensity factor and stress singularity exponent along the crack front, an iterative process leading to fatigue crack front shape is presented. The accuracy of the result is discussed by comparing of obtained crack front shapes with experimental data at the end of the thesis.

The main goal of this diploma thesis is the examination of the influence of structure directionality on fatigue properties of formed aluminium alloy 6082/T6. The main attention is focused on the study of the influence of structure directionality on kinetics of short fatigue cracks growth. The measurement of short fatigue cracks growth was performed on cylindrical samples. The samples were made in two different directions; one parallel with the forming direction and second perpendicular to the forming direction. Servo hydraulic machine MTS 880 was used for the cyclic loading. The samples were cycled at two different constant stress amplitudes. Cyclic loading was systematically interrupted in order to measure the length of short cracks by a light microscope. Tensile tests, measuring of cycling hardening-softening curves, observation of microstructure, observation of surface relief, measuring of microhardness and fractographical analysis of fracture surfaces were used for further examination of the influence of the structure directionality. Some of these measured characteristics did not show any influence of the structure directionality (microhardness, fatigue life curve, Young modulus). In other cases is this influence measurable, however insignificant (yield stress, ultimate stress, cyclic hardening-softening curves and kinetics of short fatigue cracks growth). It can be summarised that the material, though the directionality of its microstructure is apparent, shows relatively isotropic mechanical behaviour.

This work is focused on the realization of experiment allowing simultaneous loading under mode II and III in a single circular specimen. Proposed experiment allowed to minimize crack closure during the cyclic loading and obtained values of thresholds of stress intensity range can be considered to be very close to effective values. This was attained by means of an unique experimental devices and procedure of preparation of pre-crack of specimen with circumferential notch, which was made of stainless austenitic steel. The obtained values were compared with theoretical models with the support of molecular dynamics and ab-anitio calculation. Based on observation was found out, that fatigue crack propagation is controlled by decohesion model in austenitic steel. The morphology of fracture surfaces was studied by means of optical chromatographie and 3D stereophotogrammetry, which allowed a comparison of created morphology under shear modes II and III. Morphology of fracture surface formed (static and cyclic loading) by pre-crack was also studied by means of selected roughness parameters. The mechanism of deflection (kink) of crack growth under mode II was defined.

Diplomová práce popisuje metodiku výpočtů částí náchylných k rozvoji mnoho-ohniskového únavového poškození (WFD). Nejdříve se práce zabývá rozborem předpisů letové způsobilosti souvisejících s WFD pro letadla certifikovaných podle FAR 23 v kategorii commuter. Následuje popis metodiky únavového výpočtu a predikce šíření trhliny. Dále jsou popsány řešení pro výpočet faktoru intenzity napětí pro základné konfigurace trhliny, tam kde to bylo možné v uzavřeném tvaru, jinak ve formě tabulky. Hlavní částí práce je návrh algoritmu AIMA schopného provést kompletní analýzu části náchylné k rozvoji únavového poškození na více místech (MSD). Model se validoval únavovou zkouškou vzorku přeplátovaného spoje dolního panelu křídla. Následně byla analyzována reálná konstrukce spoje dolních panelů křídla letounu L 410 NG.

Performance of static analysis of the London Eye structure is the subject of this diploma thesis. First chapters of the thesis analyses overview of realized structures of the Ferris wheel. The main part of the thesis analyses the London Eye structure itself. Specifically are described response analyses, sensitivity analyses, analyses of ultimate limit state and serviceability, stress analyses, analyses of fatigue stress and lifetime analyses. The thesis describes among static analysis also a design of dynamic vibration absorbers. The results of each analysis are evaluated in the final chapters.