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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Underdevelopment'
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1
Wingo, Michelle L. "SOCIAL UNDERDEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4365.
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For the past thirty years Africa has produced a more noticeably inferior reserve of human capital than other developing regions. This is puzzling because at the inception of independence, the future of Africa looked promising. However, during the 1970s both the political and economic situation in Africa began to deteriorate, and since 1980, the aggregate per capita GDP in sub-Saharan Africa has declined at almost one percent per fiscal year. Thirty-two countries are poorer now than they were twenty years ago, and sub-Saharan Africa is now the lowest-income region in the world despite the fact that during the last two decades Africa has attracted more aid per capita than other developing regions. I hypothesize that focusing primarily on economic growth as the primary means of development has undermined and deterred social development in sub-Saharan Africa. I believe that as foreign investment and debt increase, social development stagnates and even declines. I argue that because of the focus on economics and lack of focus on social and cultural considerations sustained economic growth has been devitalized in sub-Saharan Africa. For this research I employed time-series, cross-sectional regression analysis to test the relative importance of the economic development model on social development in sub-Saharan Africa. My analysis of the forty-eight countries over thirty years gives leverage to the critique of economic growth centered development policies.M.A.
Department of Political Science
Arts and Sciences
Political Science
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Mandros, William Platon. "Underdevelopment and Violence in Latin America." W&M ScholarWorks, 1988. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625463.
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Mudie, Robyn. "Vietnamese underdevelopment : a case for socialist dependency? /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09armm945.pdf.
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Costa, Alex de. "International causes of African underdevelopment, 1960-2007." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543692.
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Ibrahim, Abdul-Rahman Abbaker. "Regional inequality and underdevelopment in western Sudan." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265863.
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Chambua, Samwel E. Carleton University Dissertation Sociology. "Choice of technique and underdevelopment in Tanzania." Ottawa, 1985.
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7
Withers, Matthew Anthony. "Remittance Economy: Migration-Underdevelopment in Sri Lanka." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16469.
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Sri Lanka's integration at the lower tiers of a (re)globalising world economy has entailed the mass migration of low-skilled and domestic workers employed as temporary contract labour throughout the oil-economies of West Asia. Foreign employment of this kind began after neoliberal economic restructuring in 1977 and, by facilitating remittance transfers, has since become a dominant livelihood strategy for households and the largest source of export earnings for the economy. Dominant policy-level assumptions of a mutually-beneficial ‘triple win’ between migrants and their countries of origin and destination posit temporary labour migration will produce positive economic outcomes for all involved. Yet while labour-receiving economies clearly benefit from exploiting reserve armies of labour and care, the developmental implications of remittance transfers for migrant households and sending economies remain empirically ambiguous and relatively under-theorised. Employing a multiscalar analysis of migration outcomes – spanning individual households, local communities, the macro-economy and global patterns of capital accumulation – this thesis demonstrates how cumulatively causative processes at structural, institutional and agency levels have left Sri Lanka a precariously uneven and remittance-dependent economy. Sri Lanka’s dilemma hinges on a central contradiction: uneven development has forced marginalised populations into foreign employment, only for their remittances to maintain the model of development they themselves are excluded from. The dualistic nature of remittance capital, as both an individual income transfer and an aggregate foreign exchange inflow, is fundamental to this dynamic. Fieldwork findings from over 100 interviews with migrant returnees suggest that a combination of rigid economic geography, exploitative recruitment networks and the social importance of status consumption have resulted in few lasting benefits from foreign employment. Most migrants achieved subsistence rather than ‘success’, while those from more disadvantaged communities often return indebted. Whilst remittance transfers have generally produced one-off or transient benefits for migrant households, their aggregated inflows have cushioned Sri Lanka’s trade deficit and buoyed the rupee to underwrite international loans that sustain uneven development by financing large infrastructural projects orientated explicitly to capital and the urban economy. Although evoking the pretence of stability, Sri Lanka’s remittance-driven development has complex implications for trade and production, to the effect of undermining domestic industry and limiting local spillovers from remittance consumption. With increasing remittance inflows needed to buffer a widening current account deficit and maintain macroeconomic stability, Sri Lanka has become entwined in an unsustainable and seemingly intractable path dependence on temporary labour migration as a substitute for substantive economic development.
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Mukonoweshuro, Eliphas G. "Colonialism, class formation, and underdevelopment in Sierra Leone /." Lanham (Md.) : University Press of America, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38902560r.
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Pasha, Mustapha Kamal. "Colonial political economy : recruitment and underdevelopment in the Punjab /." Karachi [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press, 1998. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0635/98206645-d.html.
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Crump, John Patrick Carleton University Dissertation Canadian Studies. "Underdevelopment in the Canadian north: the Innut of Sheshatshiu." Ottawa, 1988.
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Girgis, Mona. "Lifting the veil off minority underdevelopment : the Arabs in Israel /." Title page and contents only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arg525.pdf.
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Sutcliffe, Robert B. "Problems in the definition and measurement of development and underdevelopment." Thesis, Middlesex University, 1995. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/10796/.
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[Excerpt from introduction.] The essays and chapters submitted here are concerned with the relation between ideas about development and ways of measuring it. They do not have the monographic consistency of a Ph.D. thesis since they were written over a period of 30 years. But I believe that they represent a set of pertinent and relatively consistent interventions in important debates, most of which are continuing. The questions with which they are concerned are relatively constant; the answers less so. This partly reflects reconsideration on the part of the author, and partly the exploration of new paths which have been opened up in the course of the debate during the period covered by the submitted pieces. The methodology used is a consistent one. Most of the pieces are primarily theoretical and lie withing the broad field of political economy. Empirical material is frequently used to back up or form the background to primarily theoretical arguments. The author has not collected primary data but used existing data from a wide range of sources. Such originality as the method possesses comes from the way in which the data are processed, analyzed and presented. In contemporary economics this method is a threatened species, though it is still not extinct. It survives better in economic history than economics and it should be clear from these pieces that some of my principal influences have been economic historians. I am strongly of the view that this kind of interplay between theory and critically assessed empirical material, without much use of econometric methodology, remains a powerful and important method.
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Zilibotti, Fabrizio. "Endogenous growth and underdevelopment traps : a theoretical and empirical analysis." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1994. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1243/.
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The Thesis investigates issues of growth and development economics from both a theoretical and empirical perspective. The basic stylised fact which motivate the analysis are the existence, documented in the work, of poverty traps and the observation that there is a critical stage in which growth becomes the normal condition of a society. The main objective of the work is to identify economic determinants which explain the growth-stagnation dichotomy, or why countries find more difficulties in activating growth rather than in keeping growth going. In the first chapter, I construct a model which combines self-sustained growth and 'underdevelopment traps' into a common analytical framework. The model exhibits aggregate non-convexities and thresholds which separate a region in which the equilibrium growth path converges to a stationary steady-state from a region in which growth is self-sustained. The core of the chapter is a set of original formal propositions about non-linear economic dynamics of which I make use in both this and the following chapter. The outcome of some simulations are also discussed. The findings are used to interpret some historical episodes like the take-off experience of different countries during the Industrial Revolution. The second chapter presents a model built on a similar analytical framework, based on the parable of an economy of many island which grow different fruits from specific trees, whose fertility increases when fertilisers taken from different islands are employed. The parable aims at explaining how the cost of 'market activity' and intermediation affect growth and, possibly, cause underdevelopment traps. The following chapter tests some implications of the model. The fourth chapter introduces into the analysis foreign direct investments as a potential source of growth, stressing how enforcement problems may limit their flow towards poor countries. Overlapping generations of heterogeneous agents choose the level of individual investment in human capital, whose effects are transmitted between dynasties, and elect the government. The political equilibrium is determined by the distribution of income across generations. Simulations show that it is possible for structurally identical countries to select alternative equilibria at some period and converge to either a constant positive growth rate or a low income stationary state. The last chapter is an empirical investigation of the sources of macroeconomic fluctuations using the methodology of structural vector autoregression analysis. It extends to a multicountry framework the decomposition analysis of the GNP into permanent and temporary components and present the results of an application to the United States and United Kingdom using a sample of about one century length. The results confirm other authors' findings about the large relative importance of temporary disturbances in explaining business cycle fluctuations.
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Ali, Fatimah. "Does primary resource-based industrialisation offer an escape from underdevelopment?" Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002753.
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It is commonly believed about sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) that the region has a comparative advantage in primary resources as reflected by its high share of primary exports to total exports. In acknowledging the region's comparative advantage, the study tries to put the determinants from the Wood and Mayer (1998, (999) (W-M) Heckscher-Ohlin based model in the context of two relatively diversified countries (South Africa and Mauritius) and two commodity-export-dependent countries of sub-Saharan Africa (Nigeria and Cô̌̌te d'Ivoire). The study finds that the skill and land resource measures used in the W -M (1998, 1999) thesis do not explain why Nigeria, having a similar level of skill per worker ratio to South Africa, has not diversified. Further, Mauritius having relatively the highest skill per land ratio specialises in low-skill textiles and clothing, while South Africa specialises in the more human capital-intensive "other manufactures" group. The other measure, a low land per worker ratio that explains Mauritius' relatively higher share of manufacturing exports, also fails to apply to Nigeria. The thesis thus concludes that the W-M land and skill measures could only be rough proxies in determining comparative advantage in manufacturing exports. However, employing the Dutch disease hypothesis recognises the potential of land abundance as a natural resource, namely minerals in South Africa, oil in Nigeria, and cocoa in Cǒ̌te d'Ivoire. The Dutch disease is a dynamic process of structural economic and political development that will permit an understanding of why natural resource abundant countries do not have a comparative advantage in manufacturing, at least in the short to medium term. The study therefore investigates commodity dependence and the Dutch disease effects to examine whether primary resource- based industrialisation offers an escape from underdevelopment. It establishes that South Africa, a mineral resource rich country, diversified based on a broad mineral-energy-complex (MEC) reinforcing the notion that land abundant countries will first invest in capital- intensive primary resource processing. However, the thesis concludes that in Nigeria and Cǒ̌te d'Ivoire where external shocks are more predominant probably because of single commodity export reliance, the manufacturing sector lags behind more due to resource and spending effects that a natural resource boom generates in these economies.
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Karaman, Kamil Kivanc. "Intra-state conflict as a cause for undertaxation and underdevelopment /." May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Sato, Yasuhiro. "Bargaining Power of Landlords and Underdevelopment in a System of Cities." Blackwell, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7160.
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Gera, Weena. "The Crux of the Crisis: A Governance Analysis of Philippine Underdevelopment." Gadjah Mada University Press, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15872.
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Smith, K. "Marx's 'Capital' today : The underdevelopment of the capitalist mode of production." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384794.
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Tahir, Pervez. "Some aspects of development and underdevelopment : critical perspectives on Joan Robinson." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358808.
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Hunter, Christian Kent. "Educational underdevelopment and institutional expansion in the historical centralization of Tanzania." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p088-0191.
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Malila, Brett. "Rural underdevelopment in the former Ciskei with specific reference to Glenmore Village." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003076.
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This thesis examines development changes that took place in Glenmore after 1994. To examine such change one needs to have a concise historical understanding of the situation in Glenmore before democracy. The aim of the work is to critique development at a local, rural level, pinpointing the major changes, if any, that came with the incorporation of the former homeland of Ciskei (and thus Glenmore village) with South Africa. These people were forcibly resettled in 1979 for political and economic reasons. Their situation then was one of dire poverty; it is argued here that even with democracy, their history of underdevelopment has continued. The reason for this continued underdevelopment is the structure of the former reserves. The overall political context has changed in South Africa but the most important aspect with regard to the development of the homelands: land, has not. At the central level, the government has churned out a wide variety of development policies, which due to the prevailing political and economic context of the times are fraught with inconsistencies. The example used here to show some of these inconsistencies is the 1997 White Paper on Land Reform. This confusion at the central level with regard to the perceived future of South Africa has managed to adversely affect the rural areas and their development. There very well might be policies in abundance to improve the life-world of the rural poor, but there are inconsistencies between this policy and actual practice. With regard to Glenmore the confusion in the present government’s central development policy is arguably the main reason for the underdevelopment of the village. The inconsistencies in policy such as the 1997 White Paper on Land Reform, have meant that the structure of the reserves has not changed. Vital issues such as land tenure and ownership have not been dealt with. The study thus shows that unless the structure of the homeland system which is predominantly based on issues of land, is changed, genuine social and economic development will not take place in areas like Glenmore.
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Lawan, Mamman Alhaji. "The paradox of underdevelopment amidst oil in Nigeria : a socio-legal explanation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1992/.
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The trend in development discourse is to explain underdevelopment in terms of bad governance which lack of rule of law brings about. Development in this sense is understood as economic growth while rule of law is limited to an institutional version which is market-oriented. In this thesis, development is examined from a people-centred perspective. Abject poverty, dysfunctional educational and health systems sitting side by side with reasonably sufficient oil wealth is the problematic premise which the thesis seeks to explain. While acknowledging that it could be explained from a range of disciplines and perspectives, this thesis offers a socio-legal explanation in terms of public corruption spurred by absence of rule of law in practice. Corruption is high in Nigeria though national law has criminalised it and the country has ratified international law frowning at it. Among its myriad upshots is depleting resources for development. It is a dependant variable; and this thesis links it to absence of rule of law in practice. But because the orthodox rule of law privileges the market, it is inappropriate in explaining corruption in the public realm. The thesis therefore departs from it and instead proposes a rule of law version which would ensure management of resources for human development. It constitutes the following elements: supremacy of the law; equality before the law, trusts over public funds; code of conduct for public officers; and restraint on executive powers. The thesis argues that the Constitutions in Nigeria have made adequate provisions for this version of rule of law. However, the provisions have either been suspended or substantially breached over the years. For a large part of its existence, Nigeria was under military rule which is antithetical to rule of law through its subordination of the constitution, sacking of the legislature, and muzzling of the judiciary. Despite the existence of the Constitution and democratic institutions during civilian regimes, the rule of law provisions remained largely unimplemented. In both regimes, the executive arm of government, unto which public funds are entrusted, enjoyed absolute powers. This situation, the thesis argues, explains the development-impeding corruption.
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Daley, Patricia O. "Refugees and underdevelopment in Africa : the case of Barundi refugees in Tanzania." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:61d14ce2-4a9c-4a13-9a56-6360094cf502.
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Using an empirical study of the Barundi refugee settlements of Ulyankulu, Mishamo, and particularly Katumba in Western Tanzania, this study argues that the causes and consequences of the African refugee problem must be examined outside the normative humanitarian framework. It postulates that the refugee problem can be understood only in the historical context of the integration of African communities into the capitalist system and their resultant underdevelopment. Furthermore, that the neo-colonial state, its class character, and ethnic divisions, aggravated by economic crisis, fosters a climate of repression - prompting forced migration. The unequal relationship between western capital and Tanzania is exemplified in the microcosm of the refugee phenomenon, where international/ regional policy, legislation, security considerations, and aid not only demobilize a potential political force, but usurp the authority of the national and local state. Donor/state/refugee relationships are further discussed in the context of the settlements. The schemes, located in remote areas and with tight restrictions on mobility, while providing a humanitarian solution, act as mechanisms for the control of the Barundi refugees. Utilization of their labour is intentionally part of Tanzania's development strategy. Settlement and integration are discussed in relation to the contribution of Barundi people to the development of commodity production in Tanzania both historically and with regard to their current potential. While dismissing the notion of an undifferentiated mass of refugees, this study reveals how donor activities and the objective material conditions of the rural areas contribute to commodity production and mercantilist activities with increasing inequalities. It concludes that large groups of refugees in rural areas will inevitably heighten local tensions, and that only through greater x political liberalization' - removal of restrictions on mobility and political representation, will Barundi refugees gain control of their lives, and Tanzania's long-standing goal of the liberation of African peoples be realized.
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Monkman, Guillermo Alberto. "Trade and foreign investment as forces behind the underdevelopment of Central America." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50079.
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There is no doubt that, regardless of the standards used or point of view chosen, Central America is underdeveloped. What needs to be understood is that the problem of underdevelopment is only partly indigenous, and to a large degree quite recent. This thesis will look at both external and internal actors, acting independently as well as in alliance, in order to explain their role in underdeveloping the region. I have chosen to focus on two key aspects, trade and foreign investment, in which both actors have played an important role, and which I consider having had, and still have, the most devastating effect on Central America. By means of a historical analysis of the Central American states, I will show how their incorporation into the capitalist world resulted in the underdevelopment of the whole region.Master of Arts
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Fleming, Phyllis H. (Phyllis Harriett) Carleton University Dissertation Sociology. "The bitter of the sweet; sugar production and underdevelopment on St. Kitts." Ottawa, 1987.
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Dal, Feryal Dedekorkut Ayşın. "The reasons and suggested solutions of underdevelopment of thermal tourism in Turkey /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezlerengelli/master/sehirplanlama/T000647.pdf.
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Dimkpa, Princewill. "Colonialism, Independence and Underdevelopment in Africa : The Pre-eminence and Blame Game." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Afrikanska studier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-31619.
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Collier, K. D. "Social spending and underdevelopment in the advanced periphery : mid-Wales and northern Saskatchewan." Thesis, Swansea University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636276.
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The process of peripheral capital formation in Wales and in Saskatchewan required not only the subjugation of local capital, import of monopoly capital from the centre, and the intervention of the state to sculpt the form of accumulation. It also required state intervention to mould the social relations of underdevelopment. This project tests hypotheses on the role of social spending in forming these relations. The subjected economies of northern Saskatchewan and mid-Wales were unable to develop independently at the same pace as the centres, and thus were underdeveloped, in roles characteristic of peripheral economies vis-a-vis the centres. The functioning of the world capitalist economy created an overlay of dominant forces on each economy. Mid-Wales and northern Saskatchewan, as parts of that system, are portrayed through data of varying kinds. Some means by which the relations of domination and subordination are constructed are found in the roles of the local and national states, which enhance and maintain the ability of capital to turn a surplus competitively against others in the world system. These state activities act as antidotes to class issues and struggles internally. State activities, alongside those of capital and labour in their struggles, shape the manner in which the peripheries are attached in specific 'articulations of modes of production'. Attachments of particular peripheries in mid-Wales and northern Saskatchewan were theorized, and data was collected for relevant time periods. Capital relations - meaning the social relations of owner and worker under capitalist processes - were examined in relation to the operations of the state roles described, and specific reference was made to the way in which social policy, social welfare and social programming in general is used to sculpt these capital relations.
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Maseng, Jonathan Oshupeng. "The state, civil society and underdevelopment: the case of Zimbabwe / Jonathan Oshupeng Maseng." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8507.
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This thesis examines the relationship between the state and civil society in Zimbabwe. The relationship between the state and civil society is discussed under the categories of the concepts democratisation, good governance and sustainable development. The nature of the relationship between the state and civil society in Africa is examined to set out parameters for state-civil society debate in Zimbabwe. The discussion of the relationship between the state and civil society in Zimbabwe is synthesised into three parts, the post-independence era, the post-1990s and the post-2000. From these discussions it is argued that the relationship between the state and civil society was peaceful in the first decade of independence and this was because the state maintained dominance and control over all sectors of civil society. However, the 1990s saw a collapse of peaceful relations between the state and civil society in Zimbabwe. The collapse of the peaceful relationship between the state and civil society came as a result of the country’s economic decline and the authoritarian practices in Zimbabwe, which saw the emergence of a confrontational civil society towards the state. In the early 2000s, it is observed that the state became repressive towards civil society through the introduction of repressive laws which include Access to Information and Privacy Act (AIIPA) and the Public Order and Security Act (POSA). For peaceful relations between the state and civil society to exist in a sustainable manner, the state must continuously promote and practice democracy and good governance. In addition, the state should play a pivotal role of enhancing sustainable development in a manner that meets the socio-economic realities of its population.Thesis (M.A. (Political Studies))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011
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Thiboutot, Monika. "The Combined Effects of HIV/AIDS and Structural Adjustment Programs on Ugandan Underdevelopment." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/730.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucfBachelors
Arts and Sciences
Political Science
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Abed, Ali Jalal. "Israel's policies in the West Bank and Gaza: a study of underdevelopment, 1967- 1986." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1988. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1682.
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This dissertation centers on the impact of Israeli policies in the occupied territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip between 1967 and 1986. The focus of the study is to determine the effects of Israeli laws and practices on four major aspects of life in the occupied areas: political, economical, educational and demographical.
The methodology employed in this research comprised a descriptive and comparative analysis of Jordanian rule over the territories with that of Israeli occupational policies. To substantiate our thesis, we examined a number of indicators under each area of discussion using statistical data, governmental documents, newspaper accounts, and personal interviews whenever that was possible. The data collected from Palestinian, Israeli, and independent sources confirmed the research hypothesis which contended that Israeli policies were largely responsible for the underdevelopment of the West Bank and Gaza in several areas of life besides economics.
The significance of the study lies in the fact that it demonstrated unequivocally that Israel's occupational policies were systematic, coherent, and had aims far beyond the routine goals of political domination and economic exploitation which are salient features of colonialism. According to the collected data, the ultimate Israeli objective in the occupied territories was not merely to benefit economically from its underdevelopmental policies but rather to use them as an instrument to tear down the fabric of Palestinian society and subsequently de-Palestianize the West Bank and Gaza.
Our findings indicated, however, that the debilitating effects of the Israeli policies on the occupied territories were bound to radicalize the captive Palestinian population and bring about further resistance to the occupation. In the meantime, underdevelopment of the West Bank and Gaza will continue until the occupation itself is terminated.
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Bidandi, Fred. "The dynamics of urbanisation in Kampala, Uganda: Towards a possible alternative policy framework." University of the Western Cape, 2015.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThe purpose of the study is to investigate the dynamics explaining Kampala's urbanisation, with a view of analysing their implications for an alternative urban policy framework for this city. This study was motivated by the fact that information about these dynamics and their policy implications was scanty; yet its understanding in a comprehensive manner was necessary to develop a suitable urban policy for Kampala. Consequently, this study was set to meet four objectives, which focused on (1) analysing the informal dynamics explaining Kampala's urbanisation from 1990 to 2013 and their policy implications; (2) investigating the formal dynamics responsible for the urbanisation of Kampala City from 1990 to 2013 and their policy implications; (3) establishing residents' satisfaction dynamics defining Kampala City urban changes resulting from official dynamics undertaken from 1990 to 2013 and their policy implications; and (4) identifying the dynamics that needed to be integrated in a policy framework that can be used to effectively prevent or halt Kampala's unplanned urbanisation while promoting planned urbanisation. To achieve these objectives, the study adopted a mixed methods design. The sample constituted 24 purposively selected key informants and 720 city residents selected using multistage sampling. Data were collected using interviews, focus group discussions and questionnaires. Qualitative data were analysed using narrative and thematic techniques complimented by the descriptive method. This method was also used together with the factor analysis method to analyse quantitative data. Findings revealed that the informal dynamics that explained Kampala's unplanned urbanisation during the period 1990-2013 included unofficial administrative dynamics; unofficial political influence; political unrest caused by internal and regional civil wars; the city's attractiveness to jobseekers, job-makers and migrants from war-ravaged areas; and excessive rural poverty and underdevelopment. The formal dynamics which explained Kampala's urbanisation during the same period included official administrative dynamics, government political intervention, modernisation agenda implemented through government investment promotion programme, legal framework, and urban policy dynamics.
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Luintel, Youba Raj. "Capitalism and underdevelopment in rural Nepal : market relations, inequality and social change in "Mahesh Khola"." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531777.
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Haraguchi, Nobuya. "Technological underdevelopment, strategies, politics and management structure : a case study of the Thai automobile industry." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268795.
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This thesis tried to unravel the causes of the technological underdevelopment of the Thai automobile industry by examining the institutions, the actors and their interaction. The principal characteristic of each actor was a product of where it came from, when it developed, and how it adapted to· historical events. Having only evolved slowly, these characteristics have conditioned the behaviour of the actors - the strategies of multinational corporations, the policies of the Thai government and the management structures of Thai firms - during the last 40 years of the 20th century. The minimal intervention of the Thai government helped promote the activities of multinational corporations, and they brought wide-ranging manufacturing know-how to Thailand. On the one hand, the relatively unfettered operation of multinational corporations was a driving force in the quantitative expansion of the automobile industry. On the other hand, this pattern of development was not conducive to the creation of a linkage between the technologically superior foreign [ums and local rums, and the promotion of learning activities in the latter. The situation was also aggravated by the management structure of local firms and their lack of effort to upgrade technology under the environment of the existence of the only weak market pressure. However, the technological underdevelopment cannot be simply attributed to some aspects of one or all of these actors. A case study of the Thai automobile industry suggested we could understand the root causes of the underdevelopment only by examining how the interaction of the actors set a certain path of technological development and how their behaviour was conditioned by their underlying characteristics.
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Castro, Carlos J. "Contesting sustainable development : capitalist underdevelopment and resistance in the fishing communities of Pearl Lagoon, Nicaragua /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3120614.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 247-261). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Kwendi, Samuel. "A Thesis on Sovereignty; Politico – Economic Intervention and the Development of Underdevelopment in Sub Saharan Africa." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-70556.
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International Relations are based on the summation that states, big or small, respect the integrity and autonomy of each other. However, to maintain this relationship a mechanism is required and invariably this mechanism violates the sovereignty rule it is intended to protect. Another reality of the current state of our global village is that while some part of the world is impressively rich, some part of it has remained underdeveloped. This thesis is about the relationship between the concepts of sovereignty and nonintervention and the rampant issue of underdevelopment in Sub Sahara Africa (SSA). By analyzing the colonial and post colonial mediums of intervention in SSA, we attempt an answer to the questions: firstly, is sovereignty such a cardinal and respected notion in IR and secondly, is intervention responsible for underdevelopment or is it a consequence of it. At the end of this exercise, we will accept that the notion of sovereignty in IR is not much respected as far as poor regions are concerned and that the international mechanisms put in place to resolve the issue of poverty in the SSA have not been very successful and have invariably led to more and more forms of external intervention in the region.
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Makkai, Jon-Callum. "Margaree and metropolis, economic marginality and dynamic underdevelopment in a twentieth-century rural Cape Breton community." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ57257.pdf.
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Udoko, Nsikitima J. "Colonial capitalism and politics of underdevelopment in post-colonial Africa. the case of Nigeria, 1960-1990." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1993. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1495.
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Historically, the hallmark of "independent Africa" is inextri cable underdevelopment crises. Thus, the fundamental objective of this study is to determine the causality of politics of underdevel opment and evolving stiffening crises in post-colonial Africa, by using Nigeria, a former British colony, as a case in point. Nigeria was chosen whereas its economy personifies the pre-colonial African kingdoms, empires, fiefdoms, and states, as well as arbitrary created colonies by a model European colonial power - Great Britain. Thus, the findings in the Nigerian dilemma could manifest a profound comprehension of the raison d'etre of continuous political in cohesion, cum facts and factors of underdevelopment crises in "independent Africa." And ipso facto enabled us to evolve generalizations indispensable in establishing an authentic theory of development in Africa at the dawning of the 21st century.
Based on African historiography, the fact evolved that precolonial Africa/Nigeria was developing and transforming on its own accord from tribal organizations to magnificent kingdoms, empires and "city" states. Additionally, authentic universal history resolved that African Kemetic (Kmt) kingdom - Egypt, evolved continental and universal model of civilizations before the imposition of colonial capitalist mode of production by European powers, two critical issues were raised.
The first striking issue was whether or not colonial capitalism originated contemporary unobtainable political incohesion with astronomical underdevelopment dilemma in Nigeria. The second issue was why are the post-colonial leaderships unable to minimize or reverse underdevelopment?
To that end, we hypothesized that -
(i) colonial capitalism catalyzed contradictions of underdevelopment crises in post-colonial Africa.
(ii) that failure to Africanize the post-colonial development strategies frustrates the resolution of underdevelopment crises, or authentic and sustained development in postcolonial Nigeria and
(iii) that the perpetuation of colonial superstructure by "post independence" regimes catalyzed politics of underdevelop ment in Nigeria.
The study, using a dialectical materialist method, affirmed the hypotheses. Consequently, we recommended an authentic democrati zation of governmental procedures, as well as a scientific indigenization of contemporary mode of production by a leadership committed to concrete reactivation of the latter as a viable way out. In this context a scientific development of Afrocentric paradigm and evolving theory of development was asserted as a priority.
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Cardoso, Fernanda Graziella. "A armadilha do subdesenvolvimento: uma discussão do período desenvolvimentista brasileiro sob a ótica da abordagem da complexidade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12140/tde-26062012-155604/.
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Essa tese apresenta como investigação norteadora porque o Brasil, mesmo tendo avançado em sua matriz industrial e alcançado altas taxas de crescimento no período 1930-1980, não conseguiu escapar da armadilha do subdesenvolvimento econômico. Para tentar vislumbrar alguns caminhos que potencialmente alargariam a discussão e compreensão do tema, recorre-se à perspectiva da Abordagem da Complexidade, combinada com a retomada das discussões teóricas promovidas por alguns dos autores conhecidos como pioneiros do desenvolvimento econômico. Desse modo, a novidade proposta por essa tese reside na perspectiva pela qual se discute o tema, e não ao tema propriamente dito, que foi e vem sendo amplamente discutido pela literatura. O objetivo é a realização de algumas discussões e ilações teóricas relativas à experiência brasileira no período, tendo sempre em mente a Abordagem da Complexidade e sua potencial contribuição para o alargamento do escopo de compreensão do tema.This thesis presents as main question why Brazil, even having developed its industrial park and having achieved high rates of growth between 1930 and 1980, was unable to escape from the trap of economic underdevelopment. In order to list some ways that could potentially enrich the thinking and the understanding of the question, this inquiry is based on the perspective of Complexity thinking combined with the resumption of theoretical contributions of some authors known as economic development pioneers. Thus, the core of this thesis lies in the perspective by which accomplishes the theme discussion, not in the theme itself, which was and is being widely discussed by the literature. The aim is the achievement of some theoretical considerations and discussions about Brazilian experience in the period, always keeping in mind the Complexity thinking and its potential contribution to broaden the theme comprehension.
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Dunn, Hopeton Sydney. "Telecommunications and underdevelopment : a policy analysis of the historical role of Cable and Wireless in the Caribbean." Thesis, City University London, 1991. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7756/.
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The foundation structures for telecommunications in the English-speaking Caribbean were laid during the period of direct colonial control of the region by Britain. They formed part of the global communications network of a large empire requiring quick and efficient links with a remote imperial Centre. In this thesis, we argue, however, that the Caribbean component of this colonial telecommunications system was designed not just to improve imperial political administration of a distant and scattered region, but even more directly in support of a Nineteenth century drive for increased British private capital accumulation in Central and South America. We indicate that in the process of penetrating the Caribbean territories, the early British multinational telegraph conglomerates received the direct financial and technical support of their British home government, in a meso-corporatist relationship designed to counter both United States and other European competition in the region. The company Cable and Wireless emerged, both as an end-product of this inter-imperialist competition, and as an attempt to rationalize the innovation of wireless telegraphy with the more established cable network interests. Political de-colonization and the growth in the influence of the large colonial Dominions led to a fracturing of the symbiotic relationship between the private telegraph interests and the Imperial state. Nationalization of the industry, which followed, eventually led to more autonomous control by the Dominions over the telecommunications systems within their national territories. This marked the end of the empire-wide remit of the state-owned Cable and Wireless. But we argue that monopoly control over the telecommunications systems of the smaller, less powerful colonies, such as those in the Caribbean, was awarded to the diminished Cable and Wireless as a concession for its loss. However, despite close to three decades since the start of the process of political independence in the region, and early attempts by some governments to gain national control through equity acquisition, the dominance of Cable and Wireless continues to increase. In the last decade, the increase in the company's dominance has been facilitated by Western multilateral lending agencies, particularly the International Monetary Fund (IMF), whose loan conditions and demands for privatization in the sector have mediated on the side of the entrenched multinational company, in the same way that the British imperial government mediated on its behalf during Colonialism. Rapid technology changes, telecommunications liberalization in the global centres as well as significant weaknesses in Caribbean national and regional policy planning have also worked to the advantage of the company's renewed policy of increased investment and greater control over Caribbean telecommunications decision-making.
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Ramirez-Faria, C. B. "The origins of economic inequality between nations : an historical synthesis of Western theories on development and underdevelopment." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1990. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1093/.
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This dissertation examines Western views on the relations between the West and the rest of the world in order to discover explanations for the origins of the economic inequalities between nations as manifested in the contemporary division between the developed and the underdeveloped countries. This research is focussed on three distinct chronological and intellectual phases: 1) "perception of differences" (from classical Antiquity to the 18th century); 2) Eurocentrism and the anti-imperialist reaction (19th century and up to World War II); and 3) capitalist "developmentalism" and the Marxist general theory of economic imperialism (after WWII), The first two phases trace the sources and the evolution of the concepts underlying the theories analysed in the third part, which is the principal and most extensive of the three. The third phase also includes an investigation of the most recent reactions within the developmentalist and the Marxist camps against, respectively, the so-called orthodoxy of development economics and dependency theory. It synthesizes contemporary research on the development of West European capitalism insofar as it sheds light on long-term influences on the appearance of underdevelopment. Aside from the systematic discussion and criticism of the theories themselves, the research yields a "unified field" approach to the problems and issues of underdevelopment, and it further allows a summatory evaluation of the general question of the possibilities of over-all Third World economic development.
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Sithole, Kaiser John. "The role of foreign aid in the underdevelopment of the states in Sub-Saharan Africa / Kaiser John Sithole." Thesis, North-West University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10633.
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Since the end of the Second World War the states of sub-Saharan Africa have been subjected to a seemingly irreversible spiral of poverty as well as social, political and economic underdevelopment. This underdevelopment occurred despite the fact that large amounts of bilateral and multilateral foreign aid have been channelled to the region during this period. The channelling of foreign aid to the region coincided with the following global developmental occurrences: * Decolonisation in the post- Second World War dispensation; * The Cold War dispensation; * The energy crisis of the 1970s; * The post-Cold War dispensation; and * The era of trade bloc formation. In terms of per capita income and social welfare sub-Saharan Africa is classified as the most impoverished region in the world. For this reason this study does not focus on a specific case study of a state in the region. The focus rather falls on the development challenges facing the region as a whole. Currently the region is so underdeveloped that it seems unlikely the Millennium Development Goals of poverty reduction will be met by 2015. Although this research acknowledges that a variety of internal and external factors contributed to the above underdevelopment, the focus falls on foreign aid as a causal factor of underdevelopment. In order to elaborate on foreign aid as one of the imperatives that stimulated underdevelopment in sub-Saharan Africa, a neo-Marxist approach is followed. In this regard the World System theory is employed as basic point of departure of research. It is believed that, in many instances, the structure of the World System itself can be exploitative in nature and can stimulate underdevelopment. An explanatory link is therefore established with the format and forms of foreign aid as causes of underdevelopment in sub-Saharan Africa. The study goes further by highlighting the current challenges that face the region as well as the contemporary international guidelines for the channelling of foreign aid. Here a specific emphasis is placed on poverty reduction, the Millennium Development Goals as well as the 2008 Gleneagles foreign aid commitments by the developed states. In the final analysis the study concludes that there seem to be no clear cut short term solutions to development challenges in the region. Recommendations and suggestions on how to improve the effectiveness of foreign aid are however made. In the absence of clear cut solutions it is evident that the effective use of the different forms of foreign must be based on a willingness to succeed. This willingness to succeed can be strengthened by mutual cooperation, commitment, goodwill and trust between developed and developing states. It also remains important that a state specific approach be followed during the channelling and utilisation of foreign aid.MA (Political Studies), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2014
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Rahim, Alip Bin. "Production and distribution linkages in a fishing economy - a study of development and underdevelopment in a Malaysian town." Thesis, Keele University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253656.
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Fuenmayor, R. L. "The ontology and epistemology of a systems approach : A fundamental study and an application to the phenomenon development/underdevelopment." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374636.
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Ashcroft, Kathryn Alexa. "The case for rentierism as a cause for underdevelopment in Malaysia : tourism planning from Mahathir to the present day." Thesis, Durham University, 2011. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3580/.
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Classifying Malaysia as a rentier state is unusual but the label allows for new insight into the development state debate. Rentier states are considered to be developing states on the basis that their governments purchase the growth that improves wealth and quality of life at a cost to enterprise and citizens become accustomed to reward being unrelated to effort. Purchased growth (where governments create employment by investing in projects) creates challenges for true development (where an economy evolves and develops without continual governmental involvement) and recognising the breadth of this phenomenon is significant. By looking at tourism planning in Malaysia, a case for rentierism being the cause of underdevelopment in Malaysia was made. Making particular reference to the Meetings, Incentives, Exhibitions and Conferences (MICE) aspect of the tourism market, the thesis demonstrates that Malaysia is not only a rentier state economy but that its tourism industry demonstrates purchased growth that is compatible with rentierism. The main argument of the thesis is that the most significant component of what signifies a rentier state is a rentier state mentality. Four case studies of MICE tourism destinations are used to demonstrate attitudes that have emerged from a government policy of purchased growth. When the case for underdevelopment as emerging from rentierism is made, the rentier state mentality in Malaysia is used as evidence for the label and its application. Tourism is a commonly proposed solution to the problem of underdevelopment but what this thesis demonstrates is that the way diversification of a rent-based economy is approached is more significant that what that economy diversifies into. Underdevelopment in Malaysia results from the tourism planning being based upon purchased growth not because tourism is an inappropriate industry for economic development in Malaysia.
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Curry, S. "Tourism and underdevelopment in Tanzania : An analysis of the origins, expansion and consequences of international tourism in Tanzania to 1977." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233636.
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Löfberg, Anna-Lena. "Kampen om kunskap: Vem bestämmer vad kunskap är och vem äger den? : En textanalys av WIPOs Development Agenda och Draft Treaty on Access to Knowledge." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of ALM, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-103816.
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Uppsala universitet The aim of this master’s thesis is to investigate, through text analysis, the role of copyright in development, with particular interest of how the concepts knowledge and access to knowledge are used in Access to Knowledge Draft Treaty and WIPO Development Agenda. The definition of the concept knowledge, as it is used in copyright, is based in a Western historical and philosophical context and therefore excludes knowledge created in another type of society. The consequences of this exclusion have effects on development. Further it is stated that knowledge according to the global copyright scheme will be reduced to a commodity, which will have consequences not only in societies in the global South. The difficulties in achieving access to knowledge in the global copyright regime are investigated. The flexibilities contained in the Berne Convention and the TRIPS Agreement are limited in scope and difficult to maintain. Exclusion from access to knowledge affects development and deepens inequalities both within countries and globally.
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Hadler, João Paulo de Toledo Camargo 1981. "Dependencia e subdesenvolvimento : a transnacionalização do capital e a crise do desenvolvimento nacional em Celso Furtado." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285664.
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Orientador: Plinio de Arruda Sampaio JuniorDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T11:59:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hadler_JoaoPaulodeToledoCamargo_M.pdf: 1020855 bytes, checksum: 8fe061da1585498155330f7106e2179b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Nosso objetivo é reconstituir o pensamento de Celso Furtado acerca dos impasses do desenvolvimento nacional que se explicitam com a ascensão das corporações transnacionais no cenário mundial, de maneira a repor e aprofundar as relações de mútua determinação entre dependência e subdesenvolvimento, limitando a capacidade dos países periféricos de escapar às sobredeterminações do capitalismo mundial. Procuramos mostrar de que maneira, para Furtado, o processo de transnacionalização do capital vai corroendo cada um dos pressupostos do desenvolvimento ancorado no espaço econômico nacional, sobretudo nos marcos do subdesenvolvimento, à medida que se constitui um padrão de acumulação norteado pela modernização dos padrões de consumo e baseado na superexploração do trabalho periférico, funcionais tanto às empresas estrangeiras quanto às classes dominantes locais. É nossa intenção, ainda, colocar em evidência o verdadeiro impasse a que chega Furtado para dar uma resposta aos dilemas do capitalismo dependente, conforme o processo de transnacionalização do capital segue solapando cada uma das premissas históricas do desenvolvimento autocentrado sob a retomada da supremacia do capital sobre a sociedade. Por fim, reconhecendo os limites além dos quais Furtado não pôde ir, apontamos para a tarefa crucial da superação do subdesenvolvimento pela via do socialismo, como alternativa à barbárie e à extinção.
Abstract: Our objective is to reconstitute the thought of Celso Furtado about the predicament of national development that are explicit within the rise of transnational corporations on world scale, in order to restore and deepen the mutual determination relationship between dependence and underdevelopment, narrowing the peripheral countries capabilities from escape the overdetermination of world capitalism. Thus, we seek to show the in which way, for Furtado, the capital transnationalization process undermines each one of the development assumptions anchored in the national economic space, especially in the underdervelopment hallmarks, in the sense of the constitution of a accumulation pattern guided by modernization of consumption patterns an based on overexploitation of peripheral workforce, functional to both foreign companies and the local ruling classes. Our intention is also to highlight the real impasse that Furtado reached to answer the dilemmas of dependent capitalism, as the processes of capital transnationalization keeps undermining each of the historical premises of self-centered development under the resumption of capital supremacy upon society. Finally, recognizing the boundaries that Furtado didn't go beyond, we point for the crucial task of overcoming underdevelopment through socialism, as the alternative to barbarity and extinction.
Mestrado
Teoria Economica
Mestre em Ciências Econômicas
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Vilhena, Maria José Afonso. "Do abolicionismo aos ODM : o que mudou no olhar ocidental sobre a África e os africanos : o caso de Moçambique." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6330.
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Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação InternacionalNos últimos anos, assistimos a uma renovada disputa por África com o aparecimento de novos actores no panorama internacional. O aparentemente continente esquecido voltou a despertar as atenções do mundo ocidental, e dos países emergentes, sendo imprescindível perceber em que medida evoluíram as características socio económicas desta região e quais as percepções do exterior relativamente a este território. Para enriquecer a análise, propomos assim, centrarmos a mesma numa visão abrangente, iniciada no período do Abolicionismo oitocentista até à actualidade. Esta dissertação pretende investigar se a especialização primária continua a ser uma realidade da estrutura produtiva de Moçambique dos nossos dias e qual a sua influência no caminho percorrido ao nível económico e social do país na longa duração. Adicionalmente, procuramos saber qual o papel da sociedade moçambicana neste recente scramble for Africa e como o mesmo tem afectado os diferentes aspectos desta sociedade multicultural.
Over the past few years, we have witnessed a renewed dispute for Africa, with the appearance of new actors on the international scene. The seemingly forgotten continent has, once again, caught the attention of the western world as well as emerging countries. In that sense, it is essential to acknowledge just how this vast region has changed both socially and economically, and how the continent is perceived elsewhere. In order to enrich the analysis, it is this thesis contention, to embrace a global approach, which will regard the period of Abolitionism as a landmark, and which will carry on to the present day. This thesis aims at investigating whether primary specialization continues to be a feature of the productive structure of Mozambique in this day and age and what its influence might be on the path the country has trod in terms of its economic and social development in the long term. Additionally, it has been a goal of this thesis to try and find out what is the role of Mozambican society in this recent scramble for Africa, and in which way that would affect the different facets of this multicultural society.
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Rolfe, Benjamin. "Globalised technologies of development : a study of voice and accountability in public services delivery." Thesis, Swansea University, 2011. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43124.
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Participatory methods have been deployed in different ways by actors in pursuit of a diverse range of personal, organisational and development objectives. With the rise of globalisation, neoliberalism and new aid delivery systems, so these methods have been adapted, re-branded and deployed to serve the objectives of a new range of actors. From these macro level currents come micro level initiatives which enrol the global poor in new projects of development. Most recently, the Millennium Development Goals have focused the agenda of participatory development on new models of public service delivery. With this new imperative comes an emergent focus on governance as a determinant of improved service provision. The same influential actors that have taken a lead role in redefining the problem have also offered new solutions. Just as many populations in the Global North have historically taken a role in the production of services that are responsive to their needs, so it is proposed that others in the Global South can be supported to claim similar rights, demand similar accountability. This thesis explores the increasingly popular technology of voice and accountability as a solution to inequalities in access to health services. I explore the extent to which the model is constitutive of a broader neoliberal discourse which is coproduced by a range of actors from Washington to village. Using a case study from a maternal health programme in Nepal; I discuss the implications of this social technology, with reference to the range of personal and organisational projects of which it is constitutive. I discuss how these discourses shape the way development is performed, and reflexively reproduce diverse regimes of power. I examine what is produced by such initiatives, and, the ways in which actors gain from this globalised project, or are disenfranchised in new ways.