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Journal articles on the topic 'Underwater drilling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 August 2024

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1

Krstulović, Nikša, Sharon Shannon, Robert Stefanuik, and Carlo Fanara. "Underwater-laser drilling of aluminum." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 69, no. 5-8 (July 5, 2013): 1765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-013-5141-4.

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2

Luo, Baichun. "Feasibility study of underwater drilling robot based on razor clam." Applied and Computational Engineering 77, no. 1 (July 16, 2024): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/77/20240680.

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Razor acis lives in the low tidal area of the inner bay and thrives in the area with mild infiltration of fresh water. It uses its rhythmic contraction and foot burp and its unique anatomy to make holes. The extraordinary ability of razor clams to effectively penetrate the sediment has inspired innovation in the design of underwater drilling robots. Underwater drilling robots are currently widely used in the industrial world, such as underwater geological exploration, underwater shipwreck exploration, etc. However, the existing models of these robots mainly have a rigid structural design, which limits the flexibility of their drilling components, while their rough appearance also hinders their drilling efficiency. In response to these limitations, this paper proposes a robot with a soft, flexible body, and other enhanced functions designed to simulate a soft razor clam, replicate its peristaltic motion, minimize surface friction, and thus achieve superior drilling capability. This paper focuses on the development of software, segmented structure design, and studies designed to reduce surface friction and explore the mechanism of biomimetic motion.

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3

Sukach, Mykhailo. "Deepwater Well Survey Equipment." Gіrnichі, budіvelnі, dorozhnі ta melіorativnі mashini, no. 98 (December 30, 2021): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/gbdmm.2021.98.0301.

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With the growth in underwater construction activities, there is an increasing need for accurate seabed engineering data. Modern technology makes it possible to take samples of bottom soils with a partially disturbed structure, especially for weak silty soils and silts. Testing such samples in laboratory conditions leads to inevitable errors. Despite the constant improvement of technical means of sampling, they cannot fully replace studies of the properties of bottom soils in natural occurrence. Therefore, it became necessary to create devices for the natural study of underwater soils. The following soil investigation methods are used in deep-sea wells: stamp tests, rotational shear, penetration logging, soil cutting, pressuremetry. Drilling of underwater wells at the bottom is carried out from floating drilling rigs, consisting of a floating base and a drilling rig. Pontoons (catamarans, trimarans) and drilling ships (self-propelled and non-self-propelled) are used as a base. On the shelf, pontoons with retractable supports or a flooded base are more often used. The drilling rig with working equipment is usually placed in the center of the pontoon. The choice of drilling equipment is determined by the purpose of the work, the depth and diameter of underwater wells, the depth of the sea, the displacement of the drilling rig, the physical and mechanical properties of bottom, soil, etc. Deep-sea drilling is carried out from special vessels on which the drilling unit is mounted. Vessels with an opening bottom or a special shaft for the passage of casing and drill pipes, as well as those with retractable cantilever platforms, are used. Drilling ships and pontoons are kept in a fixed position with the help of four or six anchors attached to the bow and stern of the craft. Drilling rigs provide rotary, percussion-rotary, shock-rope, vibration, rotary suction and airlift drilling. Drilling at maximum depths in the ocean is carried out using deep-sea bottom platforms and autonomous controlled vehicles.

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4

Wenbin, Gu, Chen Jianghai, Wang Zhenxiong, Wang Zhihua, Liu Jianqing, and Lu Ming. "Experimental Study on the Measurement of Water Bottom Vibration Induced by Underwater Drilling Blasting." Shock and Vibration 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/496120.

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Due to the lack of proper instrumentations and the difficulties in underwater measurements, the studies about water bottom vibration induced by underwater drilling blasting are seldom reported. In order to investigate the propagation and attenuation laws of blasting induced water bottom vibration, a water bottom vibration monitor was developed with consideration of the difficulties in underwater measurements. By means of this equipment, the actual water bottom vibration induced by underwater drilling blasting was measured in a field experiment. It shows that the water bottom vibration monitor could collect vibration signals quite effectively in underwater environments. The followed signal analysis shows that the characteristics of water bottom vibration and land ground vibration induced by the same underwater drilling blasting are quite different due to the different geological environments. The amplitude and frequency band of water bottom vibration both exceed those of land ground vibration. Water bottom vibration is mainly in low-frequency band that induced by blasting impact directly acts on rock. Besides the low-frequency component, land vibration contains another higher frequency band component that induced by followed water hammer wave acts on bank slope.

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5

Krasil'shchikov, V. M., and V. P. �ismont. "Sealing device for underwater drilling rigs." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 24, no. 9 (September 1988): 467–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01147281.

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6

Wang, D., X. Zhao, W. Li, X. Li, R. Zhu, and W. Wang. "The outcomes of endoscopic approach for attic cholesteatoma: underwater continuous drilling versus traditional intermittent drilling." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 135, no. 4 (March 17, 2021): 310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215121000633.

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AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to analyse the differences between underwater continuous drilling and traditional intermittent drilling for attic cholesteatoma.MethodsThe clinical data of 61 patients with attic cholesteatoma who underwent an endoscopic approach procedure were analysed. Forty patients underwent underwater continuous drilling (group A), and 21 patients underwent traditional intermittent drilling (group B).ResultsThe operation time was 64.61 ± 12.90 minutes in group A and 79.60 ± 16.81 minutes in group B (p < 0.05). The anaesthesia time was 102.69 ± 17.93 minutes in group A and 119.82 ± 19.28 minutes in group B (p < 0.05). The dry ear time, the hearing improvement rate and the post-operative complications were no different in the two groups.ConclusionGroup A and group B had no differences in surgical outcome or hearing recovery. However, treatment in the former group resulted in a significantly shortened operation and anaesthesia time.

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7

NAITOU, Seiichi, Kaname YAHAGI, Rinsaku AIZAWA, and Keishi ITOU. "Development of "boom type underwater drilling machine"." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 373 (1986): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1986.373_45.

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8

NAITO, Seiichi. "Development of “Boom Type Underwater Drilling Machine”." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 385 (1987): 148–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1987.385_148.

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9

Liu, Xin, Wenbin Gu, Jianqing Liu, Zhenxiong Wang, Jinglin Xu, and Tao Cao. "Investigation of the Propagation Characteristics of Underwater Shock Waves in Underwater Drilling Blasting." Shock and Vibration 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9483756.

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During the first-stage project of the main channel of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port’s Shipu Harbor, underwater shock waves were monitored. By analyzing a typical measured pressure time history curve, the characteristics of underwater shock waves in an engineering context were obtained. We obtained a traditional exponential attenuation formula for underwater shock waves based on the measured data, simplified the model of underwater drilling blasting based on engineering practice, deduced a revised formula for underwater shock wave peak overpressure on the basis of dimensional analysis, established a linear fitting model, and obtained the undetermined coefficients of the revised formula using a linear regression analysis. In addition, the accuracies of the two formulas used to predict underwater shock wave peak overpressure and the significance order of influence and influence mechanism of factors included in the revised formula on the underwater shock wave peak overpressure were discussed.

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10

Fang, Jian, Qing Hua Yu, and Lu Xu. "The Underwater Project Management in 'Dong Fang' Offshore Oil Engineering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 508 (January 2014): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.508.125.

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CNOOC laid offshore oil and natural gas pipelines for offshore drilling platforms. The engineering included laying the pipelines from offshore drilling platform to landing zone, laying the pipelines between two platforms, and installing vertical pipes for platforms. Aiming at the characteristics in the diving project management, this paper analyzes and evaluates the difficulties and risks of underwater work, puts forward the corresponding safety managements. These measures ensure the underwater operations safely and smoothly. The engineering lasts 195 days, uses 160 diving equipments, and dives 282 person-times. The total diving time is 17900 minutes, and the maximum diving depth is 70 meters.

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11

Ross, Carl T. F., and G. Laffoley-Lane. "A Conceptual Design of an Underwater Drilling Rig." Marine Technology and SNAME News 35, no. 02 (April 1, 1998): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1998.35.2.99.

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The paper presents a design concept for an underwater drilling rig which can operate up to a depth of 5000 m below sea level. The proposed main hull of the drilling rig is in the form of a thick-walled toroidal shell, although other possible forms are considered. The proposed primary method of power generation is via a pressurised water nuclear reactor. Considerations are made as to the health and safety of the crew and also to the transport of the retrieved oil.

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12

Fang, Qian, Boyun Guo, and Ali Ghalambor. "Formation of Underwater Cuttings Piles in Offshore Drilling." SPE Drilling & Completion 23, no. 01 (March 1, 2008): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/100922-pa.

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13

Lu, J., R. Q. Xu, X. Chen, Z. H. Shen, X. W. Ni, S. Y. Zhang, and C. M. Gao. "Mechanisms of laser drilling of metal plates underwater." Journal of Applied Physics 95, no. 8 (April 15, 2004): 3890–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1667273.

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14

Zhang, Hua, Jiawen Xu, Jianshe Zhao, and Guoran Hua. "Mechanism of Recast Removal During Laser Drilling Underwater." Advanced Science Letters 4, no. 6 (July 1, 2011): 2071–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2011.1666.

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15

Tsai, Chwan-Huei, and Chang-Cheng Li. "Investigation of underwater laser drilling for brittle substrates." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 209, no. 6 (March 2009): 2838–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.06.057.

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16

Sharafutdinov, Z. Z., R. A. Kapaev, and I. R. Islamov. "Drilling fluids used for underwater crossings construction by directional drilling method. Part 1." Construction of Oil and Gas Wells on Land and Sea, no. 5 (2021): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33285/0130-3872-2021-5(341)-29-38.

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17

Sharafutdinov, Z. Z., A. N. Sapsay, D. R. Vafin, and D. A. Shatalov. "DRILLING AGENT RATE FOR UNDERWATER PIPELINES CONSTRUCTION. PART II. DETERMINATION OF DRILLING AGENT VOLUME." Petroleum Engineering 16, no. 1 (February 2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2018-1-71-77.

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18

Wan, Yu, Wenjie Li, Hongbo Du, and Xiao Yang. "Investigation of Shock Wave Pressure Transmission Patterns and Influencing Factors Caused by Underwater Drilling Blasting." Water 14, no. 18 (September 12, 2022): 2837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14182837.

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Underwater blasting technology has been widely used in inland waterway improvement projects. However, due to the particularity and complexity of underwater blasting, it is difficult to predict the transmission patterns of underwater blasting shock waves. Therefore, based on the Guoyuan Port Phase II project in Chongqing, the transmission patterns and influencing factors of underwater drilling blast shock wave pressure were investigated by field monitoring and numerical simulation. In this study, a total of 45 groups of shock wave pressures were measured, and the underwater shock wave pressure transmission formula obtained through data fitting was P = 27.39 × (Q1/3/R)1.25. Furthermore, the shock wave pressure transmission process in water was numerically simulated, and the simulation results were verified using field monitoring data. The results showed that the simulation and measured results were consistent. Finally, the influence of water depth, flow rate, and flow direction on the transmission pattern of shock wave pressure was analyzed, based on a numerical simulation method. The results showed that the more blastholes there are, the smaller the peak pressure of the shock wave. The lower the depth of blasting, the faster the decay of shock wave pressure. The flow rate has less effect on the shock wave pressure. At flow rates of 1, 2, 3, and 4 m/s in the range of 0 to 50 m, the shock wave pressure in the upstream flow decreased by 5.7%, 7.4%, 9.1%, and 10.2%, respectively, compared with that in the downstream flow. This study provides a theoretical basis for safety control of underwater drilling blasting engineering in inland waterways.

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19

Li, Lin Na, and Dong Wang Zhong. "Study on the Optimizing Parameters of Underwater Drilling Blasting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.614.

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Optimizing design of parameters is essential for the underwater blasting. The key point of optimizing model is to reflect the relation of blasting parameters, rock fragmentation and operation cost. In this paper, the blasting optimization mathematical model is established, and the optimization of the blasting parameters is obtained using the complex method with computer. Calculation results show that the blasting parameters designed by the optimizing model make the engineering cost lowest.

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20

Sun, Xiaoyan, Jianhang Zhou, Ji-An Duan, Haifeng Du, Dongmei Cui, and Youwang Hu. "Experimental research on ultrasound-assisted underwater femtosecond laser drilling." Laser and Particle Beams 36, no. 4 (December 2018): 487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034618000538.

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AbstractIn order to diminish the occurrence of cavitation bubbles during the liquid-assisted laser machining, ultrasound-assisted underwater femtosecond laser drilling on stainless steel is adopted. This method greatly diminishes the optical disturbance of cavitation bubbles. By investigating and analyzing the effect of laser pulse energy and pulse number on the morphology of the holes, it has been found that ultrasound not only has a remarkable function of forming a hole with clean and flat bottom, but also reduces debris redeposition around the processing area. This method improves the machining quality. Besides, it also improves the depth-to-diameter ratio of the hole about 20%.

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21

Erbe, Christine, and Craig McPherson. "Underwater noise from geotechnical drilling and standard penetration testing." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 142, no. 3 (September 2017): EL281—EL285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5003328.

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22

Isaka, Keita, Kazuki Tsumura, Tomoki Watanabe, Wataru Toyama, Makoto Sugesawa, Yasuyuki Yamada, Hiroshi Yoshida, and Taro Nakamura. "Development of Underwater Drilling Robot Based on Earthworm Locomotion." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 103127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2930994.

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23

Shiramoto, Kazumasa, Junki Shimizu, Akiyoshi Kobayashi, and Masahiro Fujita. "A Deburring Process Performed by Underwater Shock Wave." Materials Science Forum 673 (January 2011): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.673.271.

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A burr is most commonly created after machining operations, such as drilling. Drilling burrs, for example, are common when drilling almost any material. When burrs are broken during the operation of a machine including the parts with the created burrs, the broken piece is in fear of disturbing normal operation or damaging the parts of the machine, so that the sufficient deburring is requested because it can affect equipment performance, reliability, and durability. Several deburring method have been developed up to date. In the present report, we proposed a deburring method by means of applying underwater shock wave. The method is as follows: after all entrance of holes is closed with seal tape, the equipment is submerged, so that all passages for running fluid are filled with air. The explosive is set under water near the entrance of the main hole. As soon as the explosive is detonated, the underwater shock wave generated at the detonation point arrives at the entrance of the hole and breaks through the tape. The water flows into the hole with a high speed. The burr is broken by water hummer action of high speed. In the present investigation, the experiments of deburring are performed under some setting conditions of explosive. It is found by experimental results, that the burr is sufficiently removed with the newly proposed method. When the shock pressure is sufficiently high at the entrance of hole, the burr is broken surface is smooth as polished one. When the shock pressure is not sufficiently high, the broken surface of the burr is notched.

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24

Sharafutdinov, Z. Z., R. A. Kapaev, and I. R. Islamov. "Drilling fluids used for underwater crossings construction by directional drilling method (Part 2. Components and parameters of drilling fluids for the construction of the underwater crossing by applying the method of directional drilling)." Construction of Oil and Gas Wells on Land and Sea, no. 6 (2021): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33285/0130-3872-2021-6(342)-26-34.

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25

Reyff, James, and Adwait Ambaskar. "Down-the-hole drilling construction acoustic research." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 269, no. 1 (July 14, 2024): 1108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/nc_2024_0149.

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nd The Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Faculties (DOT&PF) is conducting research to characterize underwater sounds from down-the-hole (DTH) drilling activities. This method of drilling is commonly used to drill holes through hard or rock substrates to support piles or tensions anchors for piles. A pneumatic DTH hammer is driven by pressured air coming from an air compressor that provides the energy to power the percussion piston that hits the drill bit with a specific impact frequency and energy to break the rock and advanced the hole. This activity produces continuous and impulsive sounds that affect marine mammals. Pile installation in marine environments typically uses vibratory drivers and/or impact pile driving. Underwater sounds from these activities have been well documented in publications, for example, there are compendiums prepared by Caltrans, and the U.S. Navy, along with many project-specific compliance reports submitted to resource agencies. However, there is limited acoustical data available for DTH activities, as the first published measurements were only made recently. The National Marine Fisheries Services (NMFS) recognizes the acoustical issues with DTH noise and is encouraging the collection and dissemination of additional sound data. This paper describes the research conducted and available DTH acoustic data.

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26

Heine, John N. "Scientific Diving Techniques." Marine Technology Society Journal 34, no. 4 (January 1, 2000): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.34.4.4.

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Many innovations in diving training, equipment, and design, modification, and fabrication of scientific equipment for use underwater have been developed over the past few decades. Scientific diving has pioneered or utilized techniques for marking and mapping sites, making geological collections, collecting physical oceanographic data, conducting archaeological investigations, and many types of biological experiments, including estimation of benthic populations and fish communities.Scientific divers have also found many useful applications for underwater photographic and videographic cameras, quadrats and transect tapes, devices for collecting, tagging, and caging organisms, data collection and recordkeeping, and site-marking using epoxies and cements, drilling, and handling chemicals underwater.

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27

Ryltseva, Yuliya. "Design and construction of underwater pipelines crossings." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126304006.

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The new territories exploration for housing construction and production facilities within the country and the increase in the export of hydrocarbons require the constant development and improvement of pipeline transport. There are often cases when the need for the pipeline network crossing by various obstacles is recognized as the only possible design solution and economically reasonable, among the most difficult of which there are water bodies. Natural and waste water, oil and petroleum products, and gas are transported by underwater pipelines crossings. Aiming at optimizing the design and construction of underwater pipeline crossings requires constant monitoring of the technologies, equipment, and materials offered by the modern market. The research methods were based on the review of current regulatory and technical documentation, modern scientific and periodicals, and security documents. A special feature of the underwater pipelines crossings design is needed to predict the channel processes for the entire estimated period of their use. Underwater crossings construction is made by the trench and trenchless methods. The latter ones, which are currently the most popular, imply the following main types: horizontal directional drilling, directional drilling, tunneling, microtunneling. The construction technology choice is determined by the topographical features of the water body bottom, its hydrological characteristics, the geology of the construction site, the required length, the diameter of the pipeline network, and the features of the surrounding area as a whole. The results of the review study may be of interest for the specialists in the field of pipeline transport.

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28

Zhang, J. W., and J. C. Fan. "Fatigue detection and analysis of drilling tools based on metal magnetic memory method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2045, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2045/1/012010.

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Abstract With the vigorous development of offshore oil and gas resources in the world, underwater extended reach horizontal wells have been widely used. However, due to the complicated stress and serious corrosion of drill pipes in horizontal wells, drill pipes are vulnerable to damage. After a period of service at sea, some drill tools will be placed in coastal areas for a long time. The cumulative fatigue of drilling tools is not easy to master. In the past year or two, drilling tool failure has become more and more frequent. In order to evaluate the fatigue of drilling tools in different periods and master the quantitative fatigue of drilling tools, the metal magnetic memory method has its unique advantages in detecting the stress concentration and early damage of ferromagnetic materials. The self-developed metal magnetic memory detection device is used to detect the drilling tools in the drilling tool base. The results show that the gradient peak value and ladder are used to detect the drilling tools in the drilling tool base. The average degree can be used to classify the fatigue of drilling tools, and the metal magnetic memory method is more than sensitive to various defects of drilling tools, such as penetration, internal corrosion, external corrosion, wall thickness thinning, etc.

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29

Hynes, N. Rajesh Jesudoss, P. Nagaraj, and M. Prakash. "Mathematical Model to Predict Heat Flow in Underwater Friction Stud Welding." Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (July 2014): 596–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.596.

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Friction Stud Welding is primarily used to bond different material. Joining of aluminum alloys, stainless steels and composites with any other materials is required in many underwater welding applications. In the present work, a mathematical model has been developed for underwater friction stud welding. A thick AA6061 plate is welded with steel stud in a modified drilling machine. Transient analysis of heat conduction in the plate has been calculated numerically including heat generation due to friction between the materials. The conduction, convective and surface boundary conditions have been considered as per the developed model. Comparison has been made between welding performed in normal atmospheric condition and underwater condition. The temperature distribution in the work piece has been predicted using the developed mathematical model. It is found that there is steep fall in a heat flow during underwater welding condition. High weld strength can be achieved due to less heat affected zone in underwater welding.

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30

Gu, Wenbin, Zhenxiong Wang, Jianqing Liu, Jinglin Xu, Xin Liu, and Tao Cao. "Water-Depth-Based Prediction Formula for the Blasting Vibration Velocity of Lighthouse Caused by Underwater Drilling Blasting." Shock and Vibration 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7340845.

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Lighthouses are the most important hydraulic structures that should be protected during underwater drilling blasting. Thus, the effect of blasting vibration on lighthouse should be studied. On the basis of the dimensional analysis, we deduced a revised formula for water depth based on Sodev’s empirical formula and established the linear fitting model. During the underwater reef project in the main channel of Shipu Harbor in the Ningbo–Zhoushan Port, the blasting vibration data of the lighthouse near the underwater blasting area were monitored. The undetermined coefficient, resolvable coefficient, and F value of the two formulas were then obtained. The comparison of the data obtained from the two formulas showed that they can effectively predict the blasting vibration on the lighthouse. The correction formula that considers water depth can obviously reduce prediction errors and accurately predict blasting vibration.

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31

Su, Xin, Qiushi Zou, Shuchun Yao, Chunhai Li, Sanyuan Zhu, and Changping Zhang. "Mapping Panlongcheng: New Work on the Type-Site of the Early Shang Period (1500–1300 BC) in Hubei Province, China." Land 10, no. 10 (October 1, 2021): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10101033.

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Recent work at the early Shang period type site in Panlongcheng, Hubei Province, China, provides a new understanding of changes in the landscape and water environment over time. In the past few decades, the research at this site has obtained important results and shown progress in many aspects, but few scholars have discussed the geomorphological environment of Panlongcheng, especially the water environment. Researchers have long believed that the present-day environment and landscape of Panlongcheng are no different than during the early Shang period. However, recent archaeological discoveries indicate that there may still be some cultural remains underwater. Therefore, we used a combination of underwater surveys, drilling and digital mapping to expand our knowledge of the landscape of Panlongcheng during the early Shang period. This included mapping the lake basin using single-beam echo sounders and drilling to preliminarily observe the stratum and collect samples from underwater. We also conducted radiocarbon dating on the samples collected from the bottom of the lake. The results suggest that there might not have been a lake during the early Shang period. Therefore, the landscape and environment of Panlongcheng and other related issues should be reexamined. In addition, we hope the methods used in this study can provide a reference for related archaeological work in shallow water areas in inland China.

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32

Tsai, Chia-Cheng, and Chun-Hung Lin. "Review and Future Perspective of Geophysical Methods Applied in Nearshore Site Characterization." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030344.

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Seabed surveying is the basis of engineering development in shallow waters. At present, geophysical survey methods mainly utilize sonars for qualitative surveying, which requires the calibration of the results found through in situ drilling and sampling. Among them, the parameters required for engineering designs are obtained from either in situ tests or laboratory experiments of soil samples retrieved from drilling. However, the experience from onshore applications shows that the physical quantities obtained through quantitative geophysical survey methods for shallow waters can be indirectly used to estimate engineering parameters or directly as parameters for engineering evaluation, which has high application potential. This review analyzes various geophysical survey methods for nearshore site characterization (i.e., side-scan sonar, single/multi- beam sonar, sub-bottom profiler, seismic reflection method, and underwater magnetometer) and challenges in their application, and introduces quantitative geophysical survey methods (including the underwater seismic refraction method, seismic surface wave method and underwater electrical resistivity tomography) that are worth focusing on for future development. Three application difficulties have been identified, namely, the lack of operational efficiency, appropriate operational equipment and systems, and sufficient guidance for experimental shallow sea applications. It is hoped that comprehensive discussion of these challenges will increase awareness leading to engineering improvements in the surveying and measuring capabilities in shallow waters, further reducing the risk of geotechnical hazards.

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33

Shakirova, Yu A., and A. G. Palaev. "UNDERWATER PIPELINE TRANSMISSION THROUGHA WATER DISTANCE BY AN INCLINED DIRECTIONAL DRILLINGMETHOD." EurasianUnionScientists 4, no. 5(74) (June 14, 2020): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.4.74.753.

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The paper considers the mechanism of laying a pipeline through a water barrier by the method of directional drilling. Pipeline wall thicknesses were calculated for a given predetermined area. The results of the study will be useful for solving problems in practical activities

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34

Zhong, Chao, Jing’an Lu, and Dongju Kang. "Design and Experimental Research of a Wellhead Overflow Monitoring System for Open-Circuit Drilling of Natural Gas Hydrate." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 18, 2022): 9606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249606.

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Natural gas hydrate is easy to decompose and leak due to the changes in temperature and pressure during drilling, which causes safety accidents. Early monitoring of wellhead overflow is a practical and effective measure to prevent overflow blowouts and other accidents. Herein, a wellhead methane monitoring system for the open-circuit drilling of marine natural gas was designed. The system consisted of an overwater acoustic reception part and an underwater self-contained methane monitoring part, matching the construction environment of marine natural gas hydrate exploitation. Compared with the existing gas logging technology (measurement while drilling), the monitoring and early warning of wellhead methane content were realized at all stages of drilling, casing running, cementing, completion and fracturing in the process of natural gas hydrate exploitation. System communication and data acquisition tests were completed at different water depths through sea trials, which verified the effectiveness of the system design. The research results provide important theoretical and technical implications for promoting the development of early spill monitoring technology at the wellhead of open-circuit drilling for marine gas hydrates.

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Peng, Yaxiong, Ying Su, Li Wu, and Chunhui Chen. "Study on the Attenuation Characteristics of Seismic Wave Energy Induced by Underwater Drilling and Blasting." Shock and Vibration 2019 (September 26, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4367698.

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Seismic wave induced by underwater drilling and blasting may exert adverse effects to the surrounding structures. Peak particle velocity (PPV) has been widely used to reflect the intensity of seismic wave, while the method fails to take other influential parameters into consideration. Synthesizing PPV and duration, seismic wave energy (SWE) is employed to quantify the intensity, and the method of time-frequency analysis is adopted to study the characteristics of vibration frequency. Besides, this paper deduces the prediction formula for SWE via dimension analysis. Based on the practical engineering, the attenuation characteristics of SWE induced by underwater drilling and blasting is analysed by the wavelet transform and adaptive optimal kernel (AOK) time-frequency analysis method. Results show that the dominant frequencies at the directions of horizontal tangential, horizontal radial, and vertical are different and the energies in high-frequency bands are extremely low. Moreover, the lower the frequency is, the slower the attenuation of SWE is. Comparing with other prediction formulas of PPV, fitting the SWE with the help of the prediction formula in this study would achieve more accurate prediction results.

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Kapaev, Rim A., and Zarif Z. Sharafutdinov. "Drilling tool structure and assembly impact on the construction process of underwater passages using directional drilling method." SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 9, no. 5 (October 31, 2019): 522–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2019-9-5-522-529.

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Bakrewal, Ayush. "A Recent Progress in Performance and Property Improvement in Underwater Welding." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 1767–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39127.

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Abstract: Underwater welding is the process of connecting materials underwater in the presence of water. It is used to maintain and improve the structure in marine and offshore applications. It's utilized for underwater pipeline maintenance, submerged offshore oil drilling, and ship repairs. It can also be found in nuclear power plants and deep-sea mining. Underwater welding is divided into two categories dry welding and wet welding. Dry welding entails enclosing the weld zone in a hyperbaric tank filled with a gas mixture and welding at the prevailing pressure. Wet welding is a type of welding that uses waterproof electrodes and is done directly on the component to be welded. The major benefit of this welding is its simplicity and cost effectiveness, but we can't obtain high weld quality as easily as we can with dry welding. Dry welding, on the other hand, may provide high weld quality, but it is a time-consuming procedure that needs the welder to secure the region with the hyperbaric vessel, and it is also a costly method. Underwater welding has a number of issues, including bubble arc generation, cold cracking, microstructural deformation, and more. We attempted to bring together the most recent developments in the field of underwater welding. We've outlined several techniques that were used to improve welding characteristics as well as important issues that must be addressed. This review article may be used to figure out what measures need to be taken to enhance the underwater weld joint quality. Keywords: Underwater welding, underwater wet welding, underwater dry welding, hyperbaric vessel, underwater welding development

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Bell, Tomoko, Tetsuya Endo, John W. Jenson, Mark A. Lander, and Kaylyn K. Bautista. "Pneumatic Underwater Coral-Coring Drill." Marine Technology Society Journal 57, no. 1 (February 27, 2023): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.57.1.1.

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Abstract To extract meter-length, large-diameter cores from live massive corals on shallow reefs we developed a versatile underwater pneumatic drill driven by a portable gasoline-powered air compressor carried onboard a small boat. This drill was used to obtain intact cores 8.0 cm in diameter and 0.5‐1.5 m long from Guam's coastal waters. Advantages of this pneumatic drill over standard hydraulic drills include (1) lower cost; (2) easier portability; (3) more stable, safer, and faster drilling; and (4) elimination of the need to carry and use hydraulic fluid on the coral reef. The pivotal innovation in the application of pneumatic technology was use of an air motor rather than a conventional handheld pneumatic drill. Another significant innovation was employment of a pneumatic water pump to provide a continuous flow that purges debris from the borehole and the cutting edge of the diamond drill bit. This drill can provide paleo-climate researchers and others interested in retrieving high-quality coral core samples with a reliable, economical, easy to operate, safe, and environmentally friendly alternative to more expensive and cumbersome hydraulic drills.

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Si, Jian Feng, Dong Wang Zhong, and Lin Na Li. "Experimental Research on Shock Wave in Water of Underwater Drilling Blasting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.989.

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Based on theoretical research, waveform curve of shock wave and the pressure data of underwater group of satchel charges were measured by doing the monitoring test in the waterway dredging project of the second-phase construction in Gulei Xiamen. Characteristics and the law of its propagation of shock wave in water produced by the explosion were analyzed, the conclusion which the single dosage is 110 ~ 500kg while the total dosage is 730 ~ 4710kg and the blasting distance is from 74.5 to 220m was given. Semi-theory-semi-experienced formula of the shock wave on this condition was verified. Much valuable experience has been accumulated for the further research.

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Akhter, M., J. Mallams, X. Tang, and D. Staack. "Underwater plasma breakdown characteristics with respect to highly pressurized drilling applications." Journal of Applied Physics 129, no. 18 (May 14, 2021): 183309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0044410.

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Quijano, Jorge E., David E. Hannay, and Melanie E. Austin. "Composite Underwater Noise Footprint of a Shallow Arctic Exploration Drilling Project." IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering 44, no. 4 (October 2019): 1228–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/joe.2018.2858606.

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Hodgson, R. K. "Review of Operational Experience Drilling Wells Through an Underwater Manifold Center." SPE Drilling Engineering 1, no. 06 (December 1, 1986): 443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/13991-pa.

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43

Miao, Zheng Jian, Deng Hua Zhong, Ming Chao Li, and Wei Gao. "Research on 3D Dredged Soil Visualization Analysis of Qinhuangdao Harbor Project." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 2893–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.2893.

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In order to rapidly, accurately and vividly provide plenty of underwater soil analysis information for design and construction in dredging engineering, this paper took Qinhuangdao harbor project as an example, introducing a three-dimensional underwater soil modeling method and establishing the 3D unified soil solid model of Qinhuangdao harbor. The model has a small amount of data storage, high precision and is easy to operate graphical computing. Based on the model, and with 3D visualization technology, a series of soil visual analysis were conducted, including virtual digital drilling, arbitrary cutting analysis and water depth elevation analysis. Moreover, the model could quickly output scene graph, 2D cross-section and isoline map. Practical engineering applications indicate that 3D dredged soil visualization helps engineers to understand the space distribution of underwater soil. The proposed method can provide a convenient support tool for dredging engineering soil analysis.

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Zhang, Chun Tang, and Yi Ling Wang. "Research of Thermal Insulation Control for Underwater Storage of High Pour Point Crude Oil." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 2162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.2162.

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Underwater oil storage is a new offshore oil drilling technique developed in recent years. Because of the high pour point, crude oil condensation will affect its storage and transportation. In order to solve this problem, a set of thermal insulation control system for underwater oil storage was designed in this paper. Flexible isolation cloth with low thermal conductivity and insulation coatings on the inwall of oil tanks are applied to reduce temperature loss, while mamdani fuzzy controller was used to control the heating of hot water and to solve nonlinear and large time delay and inertia of the object so as to maintain the stable oil temperature.

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Jiang, Yong Xiang, Jing Fang Liu, Xing Hui Zhang, and Yu Ling Zhao. "Communication Module Design of Offshore Drilling Platform Cleaning Robot." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 3282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.3282.

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Communication module design is one of the key technologies in offshore drilling platform cleaning robot, through overall design and analysis of communication systems, the communication module is selected and technology roadmap is analyzed. thus communication module hardware architecture (PC, PLC and multi-sensor ) is designed, multi-sensor (Sonar, infrared, camera, SINS, pressure sensors and fiber optic gyrocompass) underwater monitor is designed and selected, the system software is programmed (PC configuration software, PLC software and communication protocol software); Finally, control structure and running track is designed. The research ensures the operation accurately and improves the cleaning efficiency.

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Chen, Le, Zhipeng Lin, Taiju Yin, Zhongchao Li, Chunsheng Shen, and Bobo Luo. "Analysis of Reservoir Architecture of Shallow-water Delta Front Based on Process—A Case of S2L410 in Southern 79 Block in Wennan Oilfield." Studies in Engineering and Technology 4, no. 1 (July 30, 2017): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/set.v4i1.2530.

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The sand body distribution is relatively limited in this block, the lens-shaped sandbodies are more developed, the change of intergranular sandbody is fast and the internal architecture of the sand body is complex, which results in the difficulties of the arrangement of horizontal wells in the study area and the tapping of remaining oil in high water reservoirs. In this paper, taking an example of S2L410 sandbodies in Wen 79 Southern Block, rich drilling data, core data, logging data and geological research results accumulated over many years in Wennan Oilfield were applied to discuss the anatomical method of the reservoir architecture unit in the underwater distributary channel in the shallow delta front, the hierarchy of the internal architecture of the reservoir and the anatomy of the single sand body. On the basis of this, the sequence of the underwater distributary channel in the composite channel is determined by the cross section and the source profile. Under the guidance of the sedimentology principle, the formation process of the underwater distributary channel is restored and the evolution process of underwater distributary channel is recovered.

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Wang, Jun, Jingxuan Yang, Fengfeng Wu, Tengfei Hu, and Shams Al Faisal. "Analysis of fracture mechanism for surrounding rock hole based on water-filled blasting." International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 7, no. 4 (June 2, 2020): 704–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40789-020-00327-y.

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AbstractThe principles of fracture development during underwater blasting are examined based on explosion and impact dynamics, fluid dynamics, fracture dynamics, and field testing. The research reveals that the fracturing of the surrounding rock during underwater blasting is due to the combined action of shock and stress waves for the initial rock breakage and subsequent water expansion. The fracture development model for the surrounding rock of a drilling hole during underwater blasting is established. The rock fracturing range under the combined action of shock and stress waves is developed, as well as the fracture propagation rules after the wedging of the water medium into the fractures. Finally, the results of deep-hole underwater blasting tests on large rocks confirm the efficient utilization of explosive in the hole to improve the safety conditions. Accordingly, safe and static rock breaking under the detonation of high-effect explosive can be achieved. In addition, super-dynamic loading from the explosions and static loading from the water medium in the hole can be adequately combined for rock breaking.

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Sun, Baojiang, Zhi Zhang, Zhiyuan Wang, Shaowei Pan, Ze Wang, and Wang Chen. "Parameter Prediction Method for Submarine Cuttings Piles in Offshore Drilling." SPE Journal 25, no. 03 (March 12, 2020): 1307–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200486-pa.

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Summary The cost of offshore drilling operations can be significantly reduced by discharging drilling cuttings into the seabed. However, this leads to accumulation of cuttings piles on the seabed near the drilling site. A certain thickness of cuttings piles changes the original trend of the seabed terrain undulation condition, thus bringing potential safety hazards to the underwater installation of production manifolds. Moreover, the interaction between cuttings and ocean currents near the cuttings piles causes the geometric shape of cuttings piles to evolve over time, which makes it more difficult to accurately predict their characteristics. On the basis of the force analysis of cuttings, considering the effects of cuttings properties (cutting size, density) and ocean-current velocity on the geometric characteristic evolution of the formed cuttings piles, a continuous model for describing the evolution of the returned cuttings piles is established in this study. This model can quantitatively characterize the functional relationship between characteristics of cuttings piles and relevant parameters (current velocity, cutting size, evolution time), and predict the location and geometry characteristics of the cuttings piles evolving into a stable state in ocean currents. Comparing the measured data in laboratory experiments and at an offshore drilling field, the relative error of the model amounts to less than 10%, which demonstrates its rationality. Simulation results show that there will be significant changes in the geometry of cuttings piles before and after the evolution, in which the intensity is correlated with current velocity and cuttings size, and cuttings piles might even split into several parts under certain conditions. The simulation and analysis of the transport and deposition of cuttings returned from the wellhead on the seabed is highly significant for the guide and optimal design of underwater production manifolds.

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Wang, Hao, Jiawang Chen, Hang Zhou, Xiaoling Le, Dongrui Ruan, Yiping Xiao, Xin Chen, and Lu Wang. "Research on Novel Multi-Way Hydraulic Quick Connector for Underwater Production System." Marine Technology Society Journal 55, no. 6 (December 30, 2021): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.55.6.16.

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Abstract The underwater hydraulic connector is one of the most important components of an underwater oil production system. The equipment is mainly used to transport oil, chemical reagents, and other high-pressure fluids. We developed a novel underwater hydraulic multi-way quick connector system (MQCS) that is able to realize simultaneous, rapid, and precise plugging and unplugging of 10 underwater pipelines. It can be widely used for connection between subsea oil production equipment. The MQCS consists of a fixed plate assembly that is fixed to the oil production equipment and a free plate assembly that is connected to the pipelines on the drilling platform. This study describes the structure and working principle of the MQCS in detail. In addition, the process of the elastic collet clamping the mandrel was studied. Based on the finite element analysis software Abaqus, we investigated how the key geometric parameters of the elastic collet influence the axial force that needs to be provided by the underwater robot. A prototype was built based on the simulation results. To verify the performance of MQCS, a high-pressure chamber test was conducted. The results show that MQCS can accurately connect 10 high-pressure lines (about 69 MPa) in a high-pressure chamber and there is no pressure drop for 3 h after docking.

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Li, Zhao Hui, and Ming Jun Zheng. "Research on Engineering Characteristics of Underwater Neocene Sandstone Located in Lanzhou." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.53.

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In-situ bearing plate deformation test, shear test, tri-axial test and pull-out test of anchor were undertaken with the goal of evaluating the bearing capacity, the water permeability and the lateral fraction of the underwater Neocene sandstones. The characteristic of strength is related to structure of rock mass and especially influenced by humidity environment. Before in-situ testing, high pressure pendulum gush waterproof curtain and well-point dewatering were adopted. The samples of mechanical tests were gained from rotary drilling which drill diameter was 1m. The mechanical strength parameters gained form different tests are analyzed. The results indicate that the underwater Neocene sandstone has pore water, and changes into dense sand permeable layer disturbed by excavating. Mechanical strength is related to environmental conditions significantly and reduces with the exposure time increasing. The characteristic value of subsoil bearing capacity of surface disturbance of underwater Neocene sandstone (UNS) can be corrected similar to sand.

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