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1
Majhoshev, Darko, and Cane Koteski. "UNESCO LISTS FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE WORLD AND THEIR IMPACT ON TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA." Knowledge International Journal 34, no. 5 (October 4, 2019): 1265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij34051265m.
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UNESCO was founded in 1946 as a UN specialized organization for the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage, whose main mission is to protect, promote and promote education, science and culture at the global level, ie to promote and respect human freedoms and rights. UNESCO has 195 member states and 8 associate members. UNESCO operates in five major programs: education, natural sciences, sociology, culture and communications. UNESCO, in its activities related to the protection of the world natural and cultural heritage, maintains separate Lists for specific areas. The most famous lists run by this organization are: World Heritage List; List of World Heritage in Danger; World Heritage List Nominations; List of UNESCO Global Geoparks; List of Creative Cities; List of Intangible Cultural Heritage; UNESCO Atlas of the Worlds Languages in Danger (Atlas Map). These lists are important for the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage, but they also have some impact on the sustainable development of tourism in the world. The Republic of Northern Macedonia, a member of UNESCO since 1993 with its natural beauties and cultural and historical heritage, is on some of the lists listed. The Ohrid region has been on the World Heritage List since 1979 and 1980 with its universal values, and in 2017 was nominated by the World Heritage Committee on the World Heritage List in danger of uncontrolled expansion. tourism, unplanned urban development and environmental destruction in the Ohrid region. The basic research question to be answered in the paper is "Are there natural or cultural heritage sites originating in the Republic of Northern Macedonia on the UNESCO Lists and does this affect the protection of the world's natural and cultural heritage and the development of sustainable tourism?".
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Stiefel, Barry Louis. "Rethinking and revaluating UNESCO World Heritage Sites." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2018): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-02-2017-0006.
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Purpose Having more than 1,000 sites on the World Heritage List raises questions regarding what world heritage means. The re-evaluation of heritage sites within the USA will be conducted as a case study, where similar issues of historical designation has taken place. Within recent decades there has emerged a policy of revisiting designations that occurred prior to 1990, when the nomination process was less rigorous. These re-evaluations do not necessarily remove the property from heritage designation, but the process has been valuable from a qualitative standpoint because a better understanding of significance has been achieved. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Within recent decades there has emerged a policy of revisiting designations that occurred prior to 1990 in the USA, when the nomination process was less rigorous. Should a similar approach or policy be made to the properties placed on the World Heritage List during the first decades, since the expectations for demonstrating outstanding universal value have since increased? The result could be that we end up with a more robust World Heritage List that provides a better definition of what the common heritage of humanity is. Findings The way we approach and conceptualize World Heritage needs to evolve accordingly, considering how much it has evolved since the Convention in 1972. The experiences of re-evaluating historic places in the USA since the 1990s has much to offer. Research limitations/implications Only the perspective of the USA is given, as a case study. Contributions from practitioners in other countries experienced in heritage site re-evaluation best practices would be meaningful. Practical implications Re-evaluating World Heritage Sites is something to consider as a management prospect for places on or under consideration for the World Heritage List since it could bring a more comprehensive understanding of outstanding universal value. This type of re-evaluation may help in addressing the meaning of place(s), contextualization of multiple locations of common heritage, and the political elitism of the World Heritage List, where some countries are over represented due to sites listed through a less-experienced process from earlier decades. Social implications Revisiting the World Heritage List in respect to policy and the meaning of world heritage may be in order. For example, should every nation be entitled to list at least one property to the list regardless of its heritage value? Originality/value Since the 1970s, coinciding with the establishment of the World Heritage List through the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, the USA has dealt with dynamic and complex logistical problems regarding the recognition and interpretation of its cultural heritage.
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Zarakhovskyі, Olexander, and Serhii Neilenko. "UNESCO'S WORLD HERITAGE IN UKRAINE: OBJECTS AND INCLUSION APPLICANTS FOR THE LIST." GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, no. 49 (2019): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2019.49.14-23.
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The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state and geography of the Ukrainian UNESCO World Heritage, and potential sites for the inclusion into the World Heritage List. Methods: The study used logical methods, methods of analogy and comparison, the cartographic method. Results: The current state, geography of the Ukrainian UNESCO World Heritage and potential sites for the inclusion into the World Heritage List have been analyzed. Ukrainian UNESCO sites are not widely represented in the World Heritage List, also they are distributed irregularly on territory of the state. It was determined that the largest number of potential UNESCO sites in Ukraine are historical fortification sites. Scientific novelty: The results of the reserch expand the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of the structure and geography of UNESCO World Heritage, and of the potential for replenishing it with Ukrainian historical and cultural sites. Practical implications: The results of the reserch can be used as a theoretical basis for expanding the UNESCO World Heritage List in Ukraine.
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Ruggles, Clive, and Anna Sidorenko. "Focus Meeting 2, “Astronomical Heritage: Progressing the UNESCO–IAU Initiative” Introduction and overview." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29A (August 2015): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131600243x.
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AbstractMarking seven years of formal cooperation between the IAU and the UNESCO World Heritage Centre to implement UNESCO's “Astronomy and World Heritage” Thematic Initiative, this Focus Meeting reviewed achievements, challenges, and progress on particular World Heritage List nomination projects.
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Shulgin, P. M., O. E. Shtele, and S. I. Murashkina. "Astronomical observatories included in the UNESCO World Heritage List." Heritage and Modern Times 4, no. 3 (November 23, 2021): 343–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.52883/2619-0214-2021-4-3-343-355.
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The article analyses the World Heritage Center activities in the implementation of the pilot project "Astronomy and World Heritage. Thematic Initiative", which was launched in 2003. As part of this project, in 2010, 2019 and in 2021 five objects, related to the astronomical heritage were added to the World Heritage List. However, a detailed study of the UNESCO World Heritage List shows, that it already contains astronomical heritage objects (usually historical observatories), which fit there as part of complex nominations, for example, centers of historical cities or groups of architectural structures, concentrated on historical and cultural territory. Examples of astronomical heritage sites included in the UNESCO World Heritage List are described.
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Beidyk, O., and B. Semenko. "NATIONAL AND WORLD HERITAGE AS A FACTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 72 (2018): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2018.72.11.
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The article analyzes the hierarchy of fundamental world recreational and tourist resources. The qualitative-quantitative characteristics, the spatial distribution of UNESCO objects and the systematized data are presented. The structure of the UNESCO World Heritage sites is analyzed. Created schematic map of the structure and territorial distribution of UNESCO World Heritage sites in Ukraine. The advantages obtained by states when making their objects to the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites are established. It is indicated that it contributes to the organization of monitoring and control of the state of conservation of natural and cultural objects. It is emphasized that UNESCO objects fall into the tourist guides of the world, and hence to the proposed routes of travel agencies. The factors that determine the presence of UNESCO objects in the country were analyzed. The geographic distribution of UNESCO World Heritage sites in the world and Ukraine is analyzed. The geographical distribution of the objects “Seven Wonders of Ukraine”, which were selected during the all-Ukrainian contest, was highlighted. An analysis of UNESCO World Heritage sites in Ukraine was conducted, their preliminary list. The attention is focused on the fact that the entry into the national list of intangible heritage in Ukraine is a necessary step for the objects to obtain the status of the “intangible heritage of UNESCO. The objects, which are included in the national list of intangible heritage in Ukraine, are analyzed. The map “The most significant recreational and tourist resources of Ukraine” was developed. It is noted that four of the seven Ukrainian objects of the UNESCO World Heritage Site are entirely within the territory of Ukraine. The remaining 3 objects are partly in the territory of other states. It was indicated that during the time of cooperation with the Organization Ukraine initiated many international programs and projects. Seven Ukrainian cultural-architectural and natural objects are listed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. It is noted that the large volume of quantitative and qualitative data obtained when selecting UNESCO objects contributes to the formation of informed cultural policies and the integration of culture in the development strategy, thereby contributing to the implementation of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. The analysis made it possible to establish that the largest number of UNESCO World Heritage sites is concentrated in the European macroregion, thus Ukrainian entities that are part of the UNESCO World Heritage have to withstand significant competition in attracting international tourist flows. It is stated that the Asian market has the world’s largest tourism industry, and the number of objects of the World Heritage is second only to Europe.
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Hodder, Ian. "Çatalhöyük is added to UNESCO World Heritage List." Heritage Turkey 2 (December 1, 2012): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18866/biaa2015.039.
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Sidorenko, Anna P. "The UNESCO Thematic Initiative on Astronomy and World Heritage." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S260 (January 2009): 494–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311002730.
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AbstractProperties with a relationship to science are amongst the least represented on the UNESCO World Heritage List and the values of these properties, located in all the regions of the world, are not sufficiently recognised. The UNESCO and IAU encourage the States Parties to the World Heritage Convention to actively participate in the development and implementation of the Thematic Initiative “Astronomy and World Heritage” aiming to provide an opportunity to identify the properties connected with astronomy and for keeping their memory alive and preserving them from progressive deterioration, through the inscription of the most representative properties on the World Heritage List.
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Shparaga, Tatiana, and Iryna Smishchenko. "UKRAINIAN BORSCHT AS AN APPLICANT FOR INCLUSION TO THE UNESCO INTANGIBLE HERITAGE." GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, no. 54 (2019): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2019.54.32-40.
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The aim of the research. Studying the traditional national dish of Ukrainians – borscht as an intangible cultural heritage of Ukrainian people. Have to be included in the lists of national and world heritage for the purpose of protecting it from being appropriated by other neighboring nations. The reason of substantiation of the necessity of development of the gastronomic brand «Ukrainian Borsch» – its promotion in the international and world tourist markets. Methods. The main research methods are descriptive, comparative, analytical, synthetic, graphic, formalization, scientific systematization. Results. The history of the dish «Borsch» and the origin of its name are researched. Varieties of borscht and its regional differences within Ukraine have been found out. The classic recipe of the dish, preserved in Central Ukraine, namely in Cherkasy region, is indicated. The differences between Ukrainian borscht and similar first dishes of neighboring nations are shown. The uniqueness of the composition, the technology of preparation and the taste qualities of classic Ukrainian borsch are emphasized. The gastronomic component in the UNESCO World Intangible Heritage has been systematized. The characteristics of national cuisines, gastronomic cultures, diets, specialties and beverages can be found in the World Heritage List. The necessity to include Ukrainian borsch in the national list of intangible cultural heritage and the UNESCO World Intangible Heritage List is substantiated. The algorithm for submitting an element (borsch) to the UNESCO World Intangible Heritage has been ordered. It is shown that Ukrainian borsch meets the requirements for inclusion in the UNESCO list of intangible heritage. A sample account card has been compiled for inclusion in the intangible heritage list. The need to promote borscht through the creation of its culinary brand is outlined. It is suggested to hold a national borsch holiday to preserve and promote the food at the national and international levels. The scientific novelty of the work is that it is proposed to include borsch, as a traditional first dish of Ukrainians, in the national list of intangible cultural heritage and the list of intangible cultural heritage of UNESCO. It is substantiated that the promotion of the dish internationally requires the development of the Ukrainian Borsch brand. The practical significance of the research is determined by the protection of borscht from being appropriated by other peoples. As well as ability to declare the dish as a gastronomic brand of Ukraine through its listing in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
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Holbrook, Jarita. "Astronomy and World Heritage." Culture and Cosmos 12, no. 1 (June 2008): 65–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.46472/cc.0112.0207.
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This article introduces the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO) new thematic initiative ‘Astronomy & World Heritage’ to the broader cultural astronomy community. UNESCO recognized two features of the World Heritage List (WHL) that this new initiative seeks to address: 1) very few sites have a connection to science, and 2) most of the sites are located in Europe. This new initiative specifically focuses on cultural sites related to astronomy. Four new sub-criteria were established for the Initiative in addition to the established traditional criteria leading to ‘natural’ or ‘cultural’ property designations. The first part of this paper describes this new initiative and the new sub-criteria. With these multiple layers of criteria, I address whether the goal of diversifying the WHL can be met under this new initiative by looking at the possibility of identifying sites on the African continent where most astronomy is foundamong local people rather than astronomers. The stakeholders in this initiative are 1) UNESCO, 2) nation states and their representatives called States Parties, 3) astronomers, 4) social scientists, and 5) people living in or near potential properties. I conclude that African sites do exist that appear to fit all the criteria, however identifying sites is only the first step in the long process that ends with entry on the World Heritage List. Surprisingly, very little has been done for United States sites. The initiative appears to be hampered in the USA because of 1) the many USA specific steps to nomination, 2) the concern among astronomers that heritage preservation will interfere with cutting edge science, and because 3) preservation projects of more importance to astronomers have been given priority. This UNESCO Initiative will continue into the future, however, the goal of having the first properties inscribed by 2009 for the International Year of Astronomy proved to be unlikely for either Africa or the United States.
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Jaeger Klein, Caroline. "UNESCO World Heritage and Kosovo Towards a Tentative List for Kosovo." International Journal of Business & Technology 5, no. 1 (November 1, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33107/ijbte.2016.5.1.05.
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In 2015, Kosovo tried to join UNESCO and failed by three quotes. Is Kosovo ready for its UNESCO membership? At least for its national architectural heritage, this question is to answer with no. The intensively discussed issue of the medieval monuments of Kosovo inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage by Serbia and Montenegro before the declaration of independency in 2008 and their further management through Kosovo is just one aspect. More troubling is that the rather young state not yet could establish sufficient structures to gain a systematic inventory of its monuments, sites and historic ensembles, nor to extract a tentative list for UNESCO out of such an encompassing inventory. This article intends to clarify the definitions of World Heritage, the institutions and NGO’s involved, the mechanisms and philosophies behind. What is the urgent homework for Kosovo? Which national and international groups of experts Kosovo has to name and make responsible for the systemic inventory of its architectural heritage and for creating a tentative list? What is the role and importance of ICOMOS in that process? Which other stakeholders have to be Identified and educated towards that issue?</p><p>Based on such general considerations the author tries to design finally a preliminary tentative list for the architectural heritage of Kosovo. Hence, not the list itself is of importance but the discussion of the pro and contra arguments for single candidates.
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Bertacchini, Enrico, and Federico Revelli. "Kalòs kai agathòs? government quality and cultural heritage in the regions of Europe." Annals of Regional Science 67, no. 2 (March 15, 2021): 513–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-021-01056-z.
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AbstractThis paper uses panel data on over 200 regions of Europe during the years 2010–2015 to study the relationship between the quality of institutions and the capacity of local authorities and stakeholders to effectively protect and support cultural heritage, using new designations in the UNESCO World Heritage List as a proxy. Besides analyzing the spatial distribution of World Heritage sites across European regions, we test whether the location of a region matters for the chances of obtaining a new UNESCO designation by controlling for the stock of World Heritage in the surrounding regions, and whether low regional government quality is an obstacle to inclusion of sites into the List. While we can detect no significant spill-overs from the stock of World Heritage in surrounding regions, we find evidence that local government quality matters for the chances of a region gaining a UNESCO site designation.
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MacKinnon, Richard. "Heritage Conservation, UNESCO and Intangible Cultural Heritage in Eastern Canada." Ethnologies 36, no. 1-2 (October 12, 2016): 383–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037614ar.
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Since Canada has signed the UNESCO Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage of 1972, it has had some eighteen cultural and natural sites selected for the World Heritage List that represent internationally significant nature reserves and natural wonders, significant Canadian architectural history, important sites representing Canadian aboriginal culture and geological treasures of world-wide importance. These internationally significant sites have put Canada on the world stage in both the heritage conservation field and in the national and international tourism sector. What Canada has decided to inscribe on this list has had a major impact at the local, regional, national and international arenas. The author of this paper reflects on some of the ancillary guiding charters and conventions since the World Heritage Convention was implemented that have led to where we are today in the field of heritage conservation in Canada. He goes on to predict some areas where heritage conservation will be going in Canada in the near future. He argues that Canada could likewise have its rich intangible culture play a similarly significant role if the Canadian government signed the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage of 2003. Last, he discusses some of the recent developments in eastern Canada in intangible cultural heritage, conservation and the sustaining of traditions.
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Pilkevych, Viktoriia. "Cultural and Natural Sites of Europe According to UNESCO List of World Heritage in Danger." European Historical Studies, no. 12 (2019): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2019.12.125-135.
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The author studies UNESCO’s activities in the cultural sphere, especially the protection and preservation of cultural heritage around the world. There is World Heritage List. Sites must be of outstanding universal value and meet the special criteria to be included on this List. Countries are trying to include their cultural objects for protection. Cultural heritage is architectural works, works of monumental sculpture and painting, elements or structures of an archaeological nature groups of buildings which are of outstanding universal value. The World Heritage Committee is responsible for the implementation of the World Heritage Convention («Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage»,1972), gives financial assistance and decides on the listing or deletion of properties in the List of World Heritage in Danger. The List of World Heritage in Danger informs the international community of threat and to encourage corrective action. Special attention was given to European cultural and natural sites which are in this list. These are sites in Serbia (Medieval Monuments in Kosovo (2006)), United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City (2012)), Austria (Historic Centre of Vienna (2017)). This article focuses on the reasons for listing in the List of World Heritage in Danger (different conflicts, war, natural disasters, pollution, poaching, uncontrolled urbanization, tourist development etc.). Author outlines problems of protection world cultural heritage that need to be solved in the future. International community can help in this problem because each site in World Heritage List has outstanding universal value in our life. The author emphasizes on high importance of cultural sphere of the UNESCO’s activities.
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Martin, Josh B. "Protecting Outstanding Underwater Cultural Heritage through the World Heritage Convention: The Titanic and Lusitania as World Heritage Sites." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 33, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 116–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718085-13301069.
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Abstract Despite growing recognition of the global value of underwater cultural heritage (uch), along with intensified international efforts to ensure its protection, the possibility of its inscription on the World Heritage List has never been comprehensively examined. Arguing that the unesco 2001 Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (uch Convention) is insufficient alone to protect globally outstanding wrecks, such as the Titanic and the Lusitania, this article examines in detail the many legal and practical challenges involved with listing such sites under the World Heritage Convention. By reviewing key international agreements such as the uch Convention, World Heritage Convention, Law of the Sea Convention and the International Titanic Agreement, it draws the conclusion that it is the improved offshore management of uch—through ‘cultural’ marine protected areas operating under the framework of the uch Convention—which would open the possibility of nomination to the World Heritage List.
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Ruggles, Clive. "Beyond Jodrell Bank: astronomical heritage." Astronomy & Geophysics 60, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 4.36–4.39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/astrogeo/atz165.
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Abstract In July, UNESCO added two very different astronomical places to its World Heritage List. Clive Ruggles explains the background to this decision and what it means for our astronomical heritage.
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Cozma, Elena. "Elena Cozma, Media Monitoring of the World Heritage Sites in Romania." 2 8, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37710/plural.v8i2_7.
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Both the general public and the specialists (archaeologists, historians, etc.) that are concerned with the cultural heritage, are most often informed about their state or about the latest archaeological discoveries in the written or TV press. The present study focuses on articles published in the press and television during 2017 and 2018 ( January - November) on the issue of the cultural and archaeological heritage of Romania included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. For a better follow-up to this study, we will provide you with a table below with each UNESCO heritage objective, along with the LMI code, UNESCO registration code, year of listing and geographic location. Also, the study will contain a brief presentation of the report drawn from the media for each monument.
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Shirvani Dastgerdi, Ahmadreza, and Giuseppe De Luca. "THE RIDDLES OF HISTORIC URBAN QUARTERS INSCRIPTION ON THE UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE LIST." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 12, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i1.1315.
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The inscription of historic urban quarters on the World Heritage List can be considered as a double-edged sword. On the one hand, UNESCO's Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention has been introduced as the most effective international instrument for the conservation and sustainable development of cultural heritage. On the other hand, many researchers have been discussing the many problems faced by the World Heritage Sites. This descriptive-analytic study aims to examine the effects of the inscription of historic urban quarters on the World Heritage List on the conservation and sustainable development of these sites. The research population consisted of 36 university professors, experts of cultural heritage and UNESCO experts. The measurement tool was a questionnaire with 34 questions that examined the factors affecting inscription on the World Heritage List by four indicators, including conservation, facilities, cultural sustainability and economic sustainability, in the form of a SWOT model using the Delphi method. Data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results of the study showed protection of the cultural heritage against unnatural hazards as the most important positive point; the threat to the local community life due to tourist crowds as the most important disadvantage; increased investment in the historical context as the best opportunity; and a weak recognition of the tastes of foreign tourists as the most important threat. Also, in prioritization of the indicators, indicators of conservation and cultural sustainability were more effective than others.
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Ruggles, Clive. "Session 21.4 – World Heritage and the Protection of Working Observatory Sites." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29A (August 2015): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316003604.
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AbstractThis joint session between FM21 and FM2 (“Astronomical Heritage: Progressing the UNESCO–IAU Initiative”) focused upon the need to preserve the dark skies necessary for the continued functioning of the world's leading optical observatories and whether, if some of the sites concerned could be inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List, this could help achieve this objective. Among the main issues addressed were: is a WHL inscription feasible in the first place? how could the strongest case for inscription be made? what progress has been made towards doing this? and what other effects might a WHL inscription have and would they all be desirable to astronomers? Addressing such issues involves not only scientific but also heritage and political considerations.
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Meskell, Lynn, Claudia Liuzza, and Nicholas Brown. "World Heritage Regionalism: UNESCO from Europe to Asia." International Journal of Cultural Property 22, no. 4 (November 2015): 437–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739115000247.
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Abstract:UNESCO World Heritage regions are historically constructed categories that do not easily map onto global geographies, yet they still continue to have important political and ethical implications in the international arena. Since their inception, regional categories have been at the heart of debates over global representation and equity in the World Heritage Committee. We include the recent controversy over uneven regional representation in elections to the Committee and the measures adopted to remedy this for the future. Specifically, the “Europe and North America” regional group has historically been the most dominant region and, as we demonstrate, continues to be so despite measures such as the Global Strategy. In the last decade, however, the “Asia and the Pacific” regional group has exhibited a growing presence in many aspects of World Heritage. We go on to examine overall trends from annual sessions of the World Heritage Committee from its start in 1977 to 2014 in terms of site inscription on the World Heritage List, membership on the Committee and size of national delegations in order to look in greater detail at the rising profile of Asia. This leads to a discussion of the different forms and understandings of regionalism, whether for Europe or Asia, and how some Asian delegations see their increased role and visibility in World Heritage.
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Milojković, Aleksandar, Milan Brzaković, and Marko Nikolić. "The Influences and Importance of the UNESCO World Heritage List: The Case of Plaošnik, Ohrid." Space and Culture 23, no. 2 (April 21, 2018): 164–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1206331218770971.
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The World Heritage List was created as a result of the need to protect and conserve cultural and natural heritage. The Ohrid region is one of only 28 sites on UNESCO’s World Heritage List that are both cultural and natural sites. Ohrid is one of the oldest human settlements in Europe, boasting exquisite medieval religious architecture, as well as urban architecture from the 18th and 19th centuries. The site of Plaošnik is a large archaeological and historic location in Ohrid’s old town that witnessed all cultural eras from prehistory to Ottoman, but most importantly it was the location of the oldest Slavic monastery and the first Slavic University in the Balkans. In 2007, the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Macedonia prepared a controversial plan of activities for the instauration of St. Clement’s University at Plaošnik. The main interest of this study is the position of cultural heritage in the evolution of a town, and the treatment of heritage in this process, shown through the case of Plaošnik; it focuses on the influence of pressure for (re)development projects on the key elements of an area recognized by the World Heritage List, as well as the influence of the World Heritage List, as an international legal instrument, on the preservation of these features.
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Trofimova, Elena. "UNESCO WORLD KARST NATURAL HERITAGE SITES: GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL REVIEW." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 11, no. 2 (June 28, 2018): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2018-11-2-63-72.
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The paper is devoted to the review of the World Karst Natural Heritage and the perspectives of such new properties in the Russia. Presently there are 37 World Karst Natural Heritage sites on the globe; 34 of them have the natural heritage and 3 sites have the mixed, natural-cultural significance. The World Karst Heritage distribution by the countries and by parts of the world was analyzed. A brief description of outstanding universal value of the “Lena Pillars Nature Park”, being currently the only Russian karst area nominated at the List of World Natural Heritage by a specific type of the karst – ground frozen karst, was given. The necessity of the new World Karst Heritage properties characterizing by the karst development in sulfate and salt rock sites are considered. The karst areas, located in extreme (cold or arid) climate conditions, are in the focus of separate attention.
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Belekova, А. "NESCO World Heritage Sites as a key for intercultural dialogue, humanist ideals and interfaith harmony." Transbaikal State University Journal 27, no. 2 (2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2021-27-2-74-82.
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The article focuses on promoting intercultural cooperation and strengthening international community on the example of UNESCO World Heritage sites, inscribed into the World Heritage List that is being formed on the basis of the World Heritage Convention of 1972. UNESCO is a universal intergovernmental UN structure responsible for international cooperation in the sphere of education, science, culture and communication. One of the main activities of the Organization is the world heritage conservation and intercultural dialogue. The article analyzes the UNESCO role in the geopolitical architectonics of Eurasia in which the World Heritage gains a qualitatively new meaning. In the context of a sustainable development the integration of promoting intercultural interaction and heritage safeguarding becomes particularly urgent. The article deals with several initiatives aimed at enhancing the cultural component of the Eurasian integration, including the goals and perspectives of discussion platforms set up for experience exchange in the sphere of World Heritage sites’ conservation and their management. The article seeks to identify the most important challenges and goals of the cooperation strategy between UNESCO and the institutions concerned in the field of the intercultural dialogue promotion in the Eurasian area that seems to be very important both for Russia and the CIS countries, and for the perspectives of the emerging global civilization of the future
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Cellini, Roberto, and Tiziana Cuccia. "UNESCO SITES AS PUBLIC GOODS: COMPARATIVE EXPERIENCES IN ITALY." Revista de Economia Contemporânea 20, no. 3 (September 2016): 553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/198055272037.
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ABSTRACT The inclusion of a site in the UNESCO World Heritage List is a "recognition" that can be interpreted as alocal public good. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of the UNESCO recognition in promoting tourism and, more generally, local economic development. We document relevant performance differences across Italian UNESCO sites. We argue that the relevant key factor is the ability of generating additional public goods, starting from the process of recognition. The most recent approach of UNESCO in selecting the sites to include in its list underlines the importance of the immaterial culture embedded in the sites, and the role of local communities in their relationships with the environment and heritage: this is interpreted as a sign of the importance which has to be due to the generation of common goods for making the UNESCO recognition an effective tool to preserve heritage and to use it to promote economic, social and cultural development.
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WESTRIK, CAROL. "UNESCO culturele landschappen en management uitdagingen." Tijdschrift voor Historische Geografie 4, no. 3 (January 1, 2019): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/thg2019.3.001.west.
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UNESCO cultural landscapes and management challenges In 1992 UNESCO adopted guidelines to include cultural landscapes in the World Heritage List. Cultural Landscapes are defined as ‘combined works of nature and of man’. It is this interaction that has to be of outstanding universal value. It should also be the focus concerning the management of such World Heritage sites. It requires an interdisciplinary approach as it covers different disciplines and in some cases different management systems. The management system is a living document that looks ahead. A holistic approach and monitoring are essential in order to be able to identify possible threats to the OUV early on and to act upon them.
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Афанасьев, Олег, and Oleg Afanasiev. "PROTECTION OF THE RURAL DESTINATIONS AS THE WORLD CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICES." Services in Russia and abroad 10, no. 7 (November 7, 2016): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21818.
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The article discusses the concept of “agrоcultural (agricultural) heritage” and composing it objects in rural (agricultural) tourism, for which they are the most important destinations. This research object is interdisciplinary, affecting a variety of spheres, particularly, agroourism, sightseeing, services and so forth, and economy in general. Agricultural heritage includes tangible objects of agricultural and technical culture, created for the production. Such objects are saved for better and complete study and understanding of their nature, not for contemplation; they are not works of art. This heritage is anthropogenic and technological. From the scientific and methodological point of view the very understanding of the term of "agricultural heritage" is still quite uncertain. The article presents a comprehensive understanding of it based on the nature-use concept as a binary object system "Man - Nature". The available experience of classification of agricultural heritage objects is considered.
Starting 2002, at the initiative of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) the criteria are developed and an inventory of objects of the world agro- cultural heritage, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS), is conducted.
One of the GIAHS goals is identifying objects of agricultural heritage that are most corresponding to the status of "global agricultural heritage" and their promotion for including to the UNESCO World Heritage List. The article presents for the first time ever full GIAHS list in Russian as of October, 2016.
We have separated in special list 114 objects from 58 countries, corresponding in our view to the concept of "agricultural heritage" from the UNESCO World Heritage List current at the end of 2016. The article presets the attempt to classify them by 12 categories. The rating of countries in the world by the number of Agricultural UNESCO World Heritage Sites is submitted. The author notes that exactly this category of objects forms a primary resource base for the agricultural (rural) tourism development as the most important attractive destinations, especially in Europe. As the conclusions the reasons are formulated, under which agricultural tourism is a promising form of tourism organization both for individual agricultural enterprises on the basis of objects of agricultural heritage, and for the regions in which these objects are presented.
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Kowalska, Ewelina. "KONSEKWENCJE WPISU DÓBR NA LISTĘ UNESCO – PRESTIŻ I CO DALEJ? Postulaty de lege ferenda w zakresie prawnych konsekwencji wpisania obiektu na Listę UNESCO." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2017_04_07.
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In Poland there are 70 facilities recognised as monuments of history, 14 of which are listed on the UNESCO World Heritage list. From the point of view of the effects in terms of national recognition for the historical monument, it has a prestigious meaning. Given the distinction of cultural monuments as a separately governed issue by article. 7 of the Polish Act on Antiques’ Protection and Care, a question is raised debating the ratio legis of this institution. The possibility to apply for entry onto the UNESCO list is the only result of this legal regulation. However, what is the most problematic – the entry of such historic monument onto this exclusive List also does not constitute a change in terms of the legal status of such an object. The aim of this paper is to analyse the issue of the real and effective judicial protection of, both historic monuments as well as the facilities included in the list of World Heritage.
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Chapagain, Neel Kamal. "Inscription of the Old City of Ahmedabad in the World Heritage List: Observations on the 41st Session of World Heritage Committee Meeting." Journal of Heritage Management 2, no. 1 (June 2017): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455929617732197.
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The Old City of Ahmedabad was inscribed in the list of World Heritage Sites (UNESCO) at the 41st session of the World Heritage Committee in Poland in July 8, 2017. Though the ICOMOS evaluation and the draft decision prior to the session had it ‘deferred’, the committee discussed an amended draft decision and unanimously voted to inscribe the property onto the World Heritage List. This is an immediate reflection on the observations of the session proceedings (webcasted live and watched by author). I argue that a non-rigorous process of nomination – pursued through other forms of negotiation avoiding the recommendations of technical evaluation, may raise questions about the relevance of ICOMOS evaluation process and the credentials of the World Heritage Convention.
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Thekkum Kara, Gireesh Kumar. "Developing a sustainable cultural heritage information system." Library Hi Tech News 38, no. 6 (October 11, 2021): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-08-2021-0053.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the need for developing an Indian cultural heritage information system (CHIS) where the cultural heritages can efficiently document, manage and preserve and integrate with a searchable user interface mechanism. Further, the study scopes out the feasibility of developing single-window comprehensive national CHIS for all the cultural heritage properties of India enlisted in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO’s) World Heritage list. Design/methodology/approach Conservation efforts and their sustenance require the support of a knowledge base cum digital archiving and information retrieval tool. The present study identifies the basic requirements, strategies and the execution of designing a reliable information system for cultural heritage inheritances to safeguard them to facilitate access to the current and future resilient communities. Approach on issues and challenges associated while developing such an information system has also been addressed with possible recommendations. Findings In India, even though regional level conservation efforts are occurring, no comprehensive information system, which gives the whole perspective of the item or environment of heritage site, has been developed for the heritage sites recognized by UNESCO in its World Heritage list from India. Developing such a comprehensive digital archive for cultural heritage helps to showcase its assets and ensures its visibility globally without hampering the physical form. Application Information and Communication Technology and digital technologies can extensively be used coupled with mechanisms such as mobile devices, digital systems and content visualization techniques to support the efficient and effective management in a systemized way. Research limitations/implications As a pilot study, this paper examined the cultural heritage properties incorporated in the UNESCO World list. There are many lesser-known and unprotected cultural heritages in different parts of the country having artistic value and the unique characteristics, and the possibility of building the similar kind of information system for them with innovative technological solutions are not covered under this study. Practical implications Access to such an exclusive digital archive in a single-window platform would greatly support administrators, tourist departments, culture departments, development administration and conservation activists. The digital version of cultural inheritances created under the cultural heritage of India must have relevance to different subject fields such as history, archeology, manuscript logy, art, administration, knowledge management, computer science and library science. Also, it ensures that the resources remain accessible to the public without any restrictions provided with a comprehensive recapitulation. Originality/value To the authors’ best knowledge, no such comprehensive system envisages or is practiced in the country. Developing such a system with technological and data infrastructure also helps to understand the value, support the activities related to cultural heritage and bring the local community to support and initiate such heritage conservation activities.
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Галимов, Шамиль, Shamil Galimov, Лейсан Галимова, and Leysan Galimova. "THE INTANGIBLE CULTURE OF TATARSTAN IN THE REGIONAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 10, no. 3 (September 13, 2016): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21105.
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In recent years, educational tourism, as the direction, is developing faster than other. Cultural and natural heritage included in the world heritage list of UNESCO, are the main attraction of educational tourism. Most facilities are located in Europe. The heritage sites are operated steadily throughout the year regardless of the season. In addition to tangible objects of the world heritage there is the intangible culture, which included in separated list of UNESCO. The peculiarity of this type of heritage is in the representation by it the different forms of action, special national traditions, oral, musical, religious, cult, family, and other collective activities. Such world’s heritage sites need special protection, it is difficult to save them, to plan quantitative variable to calculate them. Holidays, traditions, ceremonies and other events that form the basis of intangible culture may disappear within one or two generations, in other words during 50 years. In this regard, there is the problem of preservation for future generations of indigenous people and thus to tourists these objects, and also their representation at the countrywide level.
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Fiderewicz, Zbigniew. "ROLA „LIGI POLSKICH MIAST I MIEJSC UNESCO” W OCHRONIE DZIEDZICTWA KULTUROWEGO." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2017_04_15.
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„League of Polish Cities and UNESCO Sites” [„Liga Polskich Miast i Miejsc UNESCO”] was founded in 2004, on the 2nd Forum of Polish Cities and UNESCO Sites in Jawor. The League was established by local government representatives and curators of Polish UNESCO List Sites. In 2005 the Local Tourist Organisation Association „League of Polish Cities and UNESCO Sites” was set up, which was officially registered in and started to operate 2006. The League is located in Toruń, and it has its registered office in the Toruń City Hall.The statutory objective of the League is to initiate and support actions aimed at maintaining in good condition Polish cities and sites inscribed in the World Heritage List, ensuring their proper use and promotion. According to the League, a model action guaranteeing conditions for proper protection of UNESCO sites is the creation of dedicated funds, similar to the National Fund for the Revaluation of Historic Buildings and Monuments in Krakow, with an annual amount of funds granted from the budget of the Chancellery of the President of the Republic of Poland. Similar actions could be undertaken with regard to the Historic Monuments.In 2012 the League established a financial support scheme, financed from its own funds, in the form of a grant for the purpose of pursuance of the Association’s statutory tasks, in particular financing necessary investments in conservation work, restoration works and other works carried out on sites inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
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Michałowski, Andrzej. "KRAJOBRAZ KULTUROWY NA LIŚCIE ŚWIATOWEGO DZIEDZICTWA – POLSKIE DOŚWIADCZENIA." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2017_04_03.
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The central organisation around which Polish cooperation with UNESCO on implementing the World Heritage Convention has been concentrated from the beginning is the Polish National Committee ICOMOS.The cooperation has been organised by institutions and people connected in some way with the Committee. Specialised institutions were gradually joining the cooperation. One example of such measures was the appointment of the Board of Historical Gardens and Palaces Conservation, transformed subsequently into the Centre for the Protection of Historic Landscape in Warsaw. A „garden” conservation society has gathered around this institution, composed of art historians, landscape architects, architects and gardeners. They have been carrying out interdisciplinary works concerning historic gardens and cultural landscapes in Poland. Their cooperation with the Polish National Committee ICOMOS andthe International Committee of Historic Gardens and Sites ICOMOS – IFLA was connected with the activities of UNESCO. Major activities of the Centre include: valuation and assessment of cultural landscapes for the World Heritage List; drawing up, in collaboration with the Fürst-Pückler-Park Bad Muskau Foundation, an application for the inscription of Park Muskau in the UNESCO World Heritage List; organisation of international conference: „The Regional Expert Meeting on Cultural Landscapes in Eastern Europe” in Białystok in 1999 at the request of WHC UNESCO; organisation of international conference „Cemetery Art” in 1993 at the request of WHC UNESCO, along with accompanying exhibitions concerning specific issues, organised by the Board of Historical Gardens and Palaces Conservation in Warsaw.
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Wang, Tao, and Luca Zan. "Management and presentation of Chinese sites for UNESCO World Heritage List (UWHL)." Facilities 29, no. 7/8 (May 24, 2011): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02632771111130924.
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Alexandrowicz, Zofia, Jan Urban, and Krzysztof Miśkiewicz. "Geological Values of Selected Polish Properties of the UNESCO World Heritage List." Geoheritage 1, no. 1 (April 7, 2009): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12371-009-0004-y.
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Thiaw, Ibrahima, and Gerry Wait. "Presenting Archaeology and Heritage at a UNESCO World Heritage Site: Gorée Island, Senegal." Advances in Archaeological Practice 6, no. 3 (July 5, 2018): 238–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aap.2018.19.
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ABSTRACTGorée Island is Senegal's first site on the UNESCO World Heritage List. It is associated with the infamous Atlantic slave trade, and over the past few decades, Gorée has become a prime destination for global tourism, particularly for the African diaspora from the New World but also for many Europeans and African nationals. Today, Gorée is a forum where different stakeholders battle over the role, place, and significance of the island in the Atlantic slave trade and its enduring legacies in the present. While Gorée owes much of its reputation to its heritage, including architecture, archaeology, and monuments, recent controversies over site preservation and policy compliance raised questions about heritage presentation and consumption. This article analyzes stakeholders’ attitudes toward archaeology and heritage to gain insights on how they are presented and consumed by different stakeholders and eventually destroyed by them as well. The discussion shows ambiguous attitudes toward site presentation and preservation, which might be linked either to stakeholders’ subjectivities or hypocrisy or to poor and uncoordinated communication strategies by heritage professionals.
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Duedahl, Poul. "Peace in the minds: UNESCO, mental engineering and education." Foro de Educación 18, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14516/fde.848.
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UNESCO – the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization – is often associated with its prestigious world heritage list. For a good reason. The list is undeniable the most popular initiative in the organization’s entire history. But UNESCO is of course more than world heritage. It has over the years been preoccupied with a series of what appears to be extremely diverse topics, such as education for global citizenship, literary translation programs, copyright rules, nuclear power research and technical assistance to developing countries. But how exactly are the many different activities related to peace-making and mentality construction and what exact role does education play besides constituting the «e» in the organization’s name? In order to answer that, I will bring the reader back to three unpretentious but rather important seminars that took place simultaneously in Paris at the beginning of the organization’s existence, because I believe the subsequent projects they initiated embody what the employees at UNESCO initially defined as the organization’s core tasks.
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Zacharias, Diana. "The UNESCO Regime for the Protection of World Heritage as Prototype of an Autonomy-Gaining International Institution." German Law Journal 9, no. 11 (November 1, 2008): 1833–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200000675.
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The Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (World Heritage Convention), which entered into force on 17 December 1975, established a complex governance regime at the international level. The rationale behind the establishment of this regime was the international communities' realization that the world contained natural and cultural sites which were so unique and outstanding that they should by no means become embroiled in the onslaught of human material progress. It was argued that these sites must be protected and conserved for posterity since they, irrespective of the territory in which they were located, belonged to all peoples and, thus, formed part of the common heritage of mankind. Although the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) regime for the protection of World Heritage is seemingly afforded with weak instruments, such as the inscription of properties on the World Heritage List or on the List of World Heritage in Danger, its activities increasingly play a role, not least in national administrative procedures. The cases of Yellowstone National Park in the United States, Cologne Cathedral and Dresden Elbe Valley in Germany, and Kakadu National Park in Australia are only a few examples in this regard.
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Gawlicki, Marcin. "GDAŃSK NA LIŚCIE ŚWIATOWEGO DZIEDZICTWA UNESCO – 20 LAT STARAŃ I NIEWYKORZYSTANYCH SZANS." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2017_04_06.
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The abstract of this article presents efforts undertaken during the last two decades, to put Gdańsk – one of the oldest cities of the Republic of Poland – on UNESCO World Heritage List and, based on archival materials and the author’s own experience, analyses the reasons for the ineffectiveness of those attempts. The criteria to achieve this goal have been subject to a number of changes and modifications. The development of conservation concepts of the last decades, especially seeing the intangible heritage values, has created an opportunity for a broad appreciation of places, typically attributable to the reflexive points of modern history. It is the Solidarity Shipyard, perpetuated in the public consciousness, which still remains such a place. Whether it will prove worthy of the World Heritage List, should be decided by the persons responsible for its contemporary protection.
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Suryandari, Dwirahmi. "On the Pursue of World Heritage Status: Conservation vs Tourism." Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities 4 (2020): 00005. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.44352.
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In the past few years, UNESCO World Heritage status has become more popular in Indonesia. Many cities are trying to get their sites inscribed on this prestigious list. This ambition has made some city governments take major efforts in revitalizing their heritage sites. Semarang with its famous Old Town -formerly a trading hub during the Dutch colonial period, is jumping on the bandwagon. UNESCO World Heritage is based on the 1972 Convention which accompanied by its operational guidelines. This convention set the standards on what kind of site could be listed as a world heritage and how a state party should manage and nominate their property accordingly. Critics have argued that the standards are Eurocentric, both in terms of the site selection and the management. In a developing country like Indonesia, heritage preservation has its own discourse. People were skeptical about the benefit of preserving heritage mainly because it seemed to only entertain the needs of the elites, professionals, and academics. That is why the approach towards heritage preservation in a city like Semarang has shifted to become more populist, which apparently has its backlash. The approach strives to preserve heritage sites and buildings while at the same time provide social and economic advantages for the community through tourism. However, this approach has turned heritage conservation into careless beautification projects that might have gone too far from UNESCO standards for world heritage. This paper will answer why it seems unrealistic to pursue this title considering the ongoing social and economic issues. It will also tell what heritage preservation practice and policy are lacking thus making the site management failed to meet the standards of the 1972 Convention. In a broader sense, this paper will examine what are the odds and challenges for developing countries in nominating their sites as World Heritage, especially in the era of mass tourism.
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Ruggles, Clive. "Astronomy and World Heritage." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, T27B (May 14, 2010): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310004783.
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UNESCO's World Heritage List http://whc.unesco.org/en/list exists to help identify, protect and preserve sites and landscapes that are considered to be of outstanding universal value to humankind. This means that their significance reaches beyond national and cultural boundaries, and (if our attempts at preservation are successful) will remain as a source of inspiration for many generations into the future.
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Peira, Giovanni, Riccardo Beltramo, Maria Beatrice Pairotti, and Alessandro Bonadonna. "Foodservice in a UNESCO Site: The Restaurateurs’ Perception on Communication and Promotion Tools." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 16, 2018): 2911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082911.
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The foodservice sector plays an important economical role in the “Langa del Barolo”, in Northwest Italy. It is now on the UNESCO (the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Heritage List and is in first place in Italy in the Vineyard Landscape field, along with the Roero and Monferrato territories. The tourists who visit this area are constantly increasing and its inscription in UNESCO World Heritage List seems to have increased its international appeal even more. This study aimed at obtaining feedback from the “Langa del Barolo” restaurateurs as to their perception of the communication and promotion tools implemented to enhance the territory. A semi-structured interview, that adopted a questionnaire based on the PAPI technique, was used to survey all the 78 restaurateurs in this area. This technique was chosen to stimulate the individual propensity of the restaurant owner to share information freely. It was observed that the UNESCO status provides new stimuli for the restaurateurs when carrying out their activities, increases tourist’s interest in the “Langa del Barolo” and disseminates the local brands at an international level. Other tools, such as TripAdvisor, word-of-mouth, Slow Food and gastronomic guides, were also presented and discussed with the participants. The feedback and results demonstrate that having a UNESCO status improves and enhances the territory, making it an extremely useful promotion tool.
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Chan, Ying-kit. "Cultural Heritage on China’s 21st-century Maritime Silk Road." China Report 54, no. 2 (March 20, 2018): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445518761078.
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This article suggests that Chinese scholars in Guangdong, through historical work endorsed or sponsored by their government, justify the inclusion of Southeast Asian nations in the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road (MSR) initiative. In doing so, they seek to add the MSR to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO) World Heritage List. By exploring how historians and officials adhere to the expectations of the Chinese state and UNESCO in highlighting Guangdong’s role in the 21st-century MSR initiative, the article examines the production of cultural heritage at the local level in contemporary China.
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V.I., Vyshnevskyi, and Mykhalchuk I.V. "OBJECTS OF UKRAINE FOR THE POSSIBLE INCLUSION IN THE UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE LIST." Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University. Series Geographical Sciences, no. 13 (December 10, 2020): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2413-7391/2020-13-10.
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Piotrowski, John M., Rabah Arezki, and Reda Cherif. "Tourism Specialization and Economic Development+L4183: Evidence from the UNESCO World Heritage List." IMF Working Papers 09, no. 176 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451873238.001.
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E., Devlet, Levanova E., Pakhunov A., Greshnikov E., and Grinko A. "The Unesco World Heritage and Tentative List: the Rock Art Site in Russia." Teoriya i praktika arkheologicheskikh issledovaniy, no. 3 (2016): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/tpai(2016)3(15).-02.
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Meskell, Lynn. "A tale of two cities: The fate of Delhi as UNESCO World Heritage." International Journal of Cultural Property 28, no. 1 (February 2021): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739121000102.
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AbstractThis article examines the trajectory and fate of Delhi’s Imperial Capital Cities nomination, submitted to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 2015 for inscription on the World Heritage List. I employ the dossier and events surrounding its withdrawal to reveal the political imbrications of urban conservation, international institutions, neoliberal governance, and colonial histories. First, I underscore the prominence of India as a member of the World Heritage Committee and its efforts to secure an increasing number of UNESCO properties. Second, I situate the dossier within the ambit of neoliberal governance that recalibrates and promotes urban heritage preservation, while similarly encouraging development and economic growth. Building upon this point, I consider how sustained government efforts to reframe Delhi as a “global city,” coupled with the identification of Delhi’s imperial capitals with Mughal and British rule, resulted in the dossier’s withdrawal. Third, the episode reveals tensions in this specific political moment over contemporary perceptions of imperial occupation and “foreign” empires, which plagued the dossier from the outset and continue to reverberate today. Finally, there are lessons to be learned for urban heritage in India and Asian heritage in general, outside the narrow purview of European cities, so many of which are already listed as World Heritage.
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Marwick, Ben, and Prema Smith. "World Heritage sites on Wikipedia: Cultural heritage activism in a context of constrained agency." Big Data & Society 8, no. 1 (January 2021): 205395172110173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20539517211017304.
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UNESCO World Heritage sites are places of outstanding significance and often key sources of information that influence how people interact with the past today. The process of inscription on the UNESCO list is complicated and intersects with political and commercial controversies. But how well are these controversies known to the public? Wikipedia pages on these sites offer a unique dataset for insights into public understanding of heritage controversies. The unique technicity of Wikipedia, with its bot ecosystem and editing mechanics, shapes how knowledge about cultural heritage is constructed and how controversies are negotiated and communicated. In this article, we investigate the patterns of production, consumption, and spatial and temporal distributions of Wikipedia pages for World Heritage cultural sites. We find that Wikipedia provides a distinctive context for investigating how people experience and relate to the past in the present. The agency of participants is highly constrained, but distinctive, behind-the-scenes expressions of cultural heritage activism are evident. Concerns about state-like actors, violence and destruction, deal-making, etc. in the World Heritage inscription process are present, but rare on Wikipedia’s World Heritage pages. Instead, hyper-local and process issues dominate controversies on Wikipedia. We describe how this kind of research, drawing on Big Data and data science methods, contributes to digital heritage studies and also reveals its limitations.
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Cotte, Michel. "How can UNESCO World Heritage Criteria be applied to the “Windows to the Universe” Sites?" Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29A (August 2015): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131600257x.
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AbstractThis communication proposes a methodical approach trying to link the concept of “Windows to the Universe” to the uses of the Criteria defined by the World Heritage Convention (UNESCO 1972). The first issue is well advanced today after more than 10 years of active studies and preservation projects such as “Starlight Reserves” by specialists of astronomy, archaeoastronomy and environmental sciences. The second issue is related to a UNESCO Convention ruled by the WH Committee that has led to the recognition of around 1000 World Heritage sites over 40 years. The official booklet Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention (latest edition 2015) (UNESCO 2015) summarizes conceptual ideas and methodological recommendations for WH nominations. In practice the WH Committee's decisions rely on the scientific and professional evaluation of each site by UNESCO's advisory bodies: ICOMOS for cultural heritage and IUCN for natural heritage.The first goal of this presentation is to establish appropriate understanding of a very specific conceptual approach (Windows to the Universe) in the context of a very large UN Convention (the World Heritage List) related both to cultural and natural heritage in general. The second goal is to give a readable understanding of the WH requirements coming from the strict evaluation of the “Outstanding Universal Value” (OUV) of a given place, including the choice of WH Criteria expressing OUV with respect to the format of the Guidelines. Furthermore, and due to concepts coming from two very different fields, the communication aims to present a practical methodology in the case of a possible WH nomination: how to understand relationships between different classes of value and how to demonstrate OUV and justify the choice of Criteria for the place. Beyond potential WH projects, obviously limited in number, the communication tries to propose an efficient and general methodology for assessing the value and creating understanding of places having a “Windows to the Universe” facet.
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Vileikis, Ona, Mario Santana Quintero, Koen Van Balen, Barbara Dumont, and Vincent Tigny. "Information Management Systems for Cultural Heritage and Conservation of World Heritage Sites. The Silk Roads Case Study." Geoinformatics FCE CTU 6 (December 21, 2011): 364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.6.45.
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This paper discusses the application of Information Management Systems (IMS) in cultural heritage. IMS offer a set of tools for understanding, inventorying and documenting national, regional and World Heritage properties. Information Management Systems can assist State Parties, stakeholders and heritage site managers involved in cultural heritage management and conservation by easily mining, sharing and exchanging information from multiple sources based on international standards. Moreover, they aim to record, manage, visualize, analyze and disseminate heritage information. In close collaboration with five Central Asian countries, namely, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan; a Belgian consortium headed by the Raymond Lemaire International Centre for Conservation (RLICC), K.U.Leuven is developing the Silk Roads Cultural Heritage Resource Information System (CHRIS). This Web-based Information Management System supports the preparation of the Central Asia Silk Roads serial and transnational nominations on the UNESCO World Heritage list. The project has been set up thanks to the financial support of the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) and in collaboration with UNESCO World Heritage Centre in conjunction with the People’s Republic of China and the Japanese Funds-in-Trust UNESCO project. It provides a holistic approach for the recording, documenta tion, protection and monitoring tasks as part of the management of these potential World Heritage Properties. The Silk Roads CHRIS is easily accessible to the general user, presented in a bilingual English and Russian frame and interoperable, i.e. open for other applications to connect to. In this way, all information for the nomination dossiers is easily verified regarding consistency and quality and ready for managing, periodic reporting and monitoring processes in the respect to the property listed. Fina lly, this study provides a general framework to establish the effectiveness and limits of the use of information systems for serial transnational nominations of World Heritage Properties and to demonstrate the potentials of an improved heritage documentation system.
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VAN MARREWIJK, DRÉ. "Stedelijk werelderfgoed en de Historic Urban Landscape-benadering in Nederland." Tijdschrift voor Historische Geografie 4, no. 3 (January 1, 2019): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/thg2019.3.002.marr.
Full textAbstract:
Urban World Heritage and the Historic Urban Landscape approach in the Netherlands Within the category of cultural landscapes on the UNESCO World Heritage List the ‘continuing urban landscapes’ are a small but interesting group of sites. This group consists of urban and suburban areas (‘urban landscapes’) with outstanding historical and heritage values, while at the same time they are characterized by a high degree of spatial dynamics. Many developments take place that lead to change of the environment. Rio de Janeiro, the mining landscape of Nord-Pas de Calais and the Italian Amalfi coast near Naples are examples of these urban cultural landscapes on the World Heritage List. Next to these sites, there are urban World Heritage sites that formally are no cultural landscapes, but have similar characteristics. Historical city centers of Rome or Bruges, the Amsterdam canal ring or Speicherstadt in Hamburg are comparably stretched out and have comparable values. These sites are confronted with similar challenges with respect to conservation and management of change. The obligation to preserve the outstanding universal value of the site could become under pressure. This surely is the case in some urban and suburban World Heritage sites in the Kingdom of the Netherlands: Amsterdam Canal Ring, Defence Line of Amsterdam and Willemstad, Curaçao. The World Heritage status requires a strict management of the site. UNESCO’S Historic Urban Landscape approach can be helpful to make preservation and development compatible. In this article the opportunities and dilemmas of the HUL and ICOMOS’S role in it are discussed. A stronger emphasize on HUL when reviewing developments in urban World Heritage sites is advocated.