Relevant bibliographies by topics / Uneven development

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Uneven development'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Uneven development"

1

Gamberg, Herb, and Neil Smith. "Uneven Development." Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers canadiens de sociologie 11, no. 3 (1986): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3341106.

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Marshall, Mick. "Uneven development." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 4, no. 3 (November 1989): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690948908726003.

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Pickvance, C. G. "Uneven development." Cities 2, no. 3 (August 1985): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-2751(85)90046-0.

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Matsumura, Wendy. "Uneven Development." Radical History Review 2018, no. 130 (January 1, 2018): 157–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-4217925.

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Smith, Neil. "Uneven Development Redux." New Political Economy 16, no. 2 (April 2011): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2011.542804.

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Jones, E. L. "Uneven World Development." Journal of Economic History 55, no. 3 (September 1995): 679–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700041723.

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Every so often a maverick knight sets off into the dark forest looking for the Holy Grail of “why isn’t the whole world developed?” In this book, which has the heavy bibliographical armor of the genre and 40 pages of appendices too, John Powelson reports on his quest. He claims to have found in a concept called “power diffusion” a significant part of the answer to two related questions: why did the modem economy first appear in northwestern Europe and Japan, and what characteristics of those regions account for their ability to sustain economic growth? Growth is to him the serendipitous outcome of seemingly unconnected events, and he defines sustained growth as that which lasts a century or more.
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Nand, Brahma, and Pat Hudson. "Uneven Development under Capitalism." Social Scientist 19, no. 3/4 (March 1991): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3517562.

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Malecki, Edward J., J. N. Marshall, P. Wood, P. W. Daniels, A. McKinnon, J. Bachtler, P. Damesick, et al. "Services and Uneven Development." Economic Geography 64, no. 4 (October 1988): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/144238.

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Frost, M. E., and J. N. Marshall. "Services and Uneven Development." Geographical Journal 156, no. 2 (July 1990): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/635347.

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Murshed, S. M., and Lynn Mainwaring. "Dynamics of Uneven Development." Economic Journal 102, no. 412 (May 1992): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2234319.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Uneven development"

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Vanroose, Annabel. "The Uneven development of the microfinance sector." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209955.

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Microfinance relates to the provision, by specialized microfinance institutions (MFIs), of small-scale financial services - such as credit, savings, and insurance - to the poorer sections of the population. These sections have traditionally been excluded by the financial system. Microfinance is viewed as a system put into place in order to overcome market failures that are created by banks and that are omnipresent in the developing world. In development policy, microfinance has received considerable attention during the last twenty years, and the industry has grown substantially. Interestingly, the sector has been more successful in reaching out to people in some countries than in others. The sector has also developed in an unequal way within countries. The reasons why this happened are not directly apparent. This doctoral dissertation addresses the uneven development of the microfinance sector and aims at identifying factors that explain it.

The dissertation consists of three main parts. The first part, which consists of two papers, combines different datasets on the outreach of MFIs to assess in which countries MFIs have developed most. The papers indicate that the microfinance sector is more present in the richer countries of the developing world. It also reaches more clients in countries that receive more international aid. Population density also plays a stimulating role, which partially explains why the sector is still underdeveloped in rural areas.

The second part of the dissertation, which exists of one paper, explores in more depth the relationship between traditional financial sector development and microfinance institutions. The paper, co-authored with Bert D’Espallier, shows that MFIs reach more clients and are more profitable in countries where access to the traditional financial system is low. This is in line with the market-failure hypothesis. Along the same line, we find that MFIs serve poorer people in countries with well-developed financial systems. This observation is an important element to take into account in the debate on mission drift of the sector, where it is feared that MFIs drift away from serving the poor. The paper shows that MFIs in countries with well-developed banking sectors have less space to move up market and consequently to drift from the sector’s general mission.

The third and final part of the dissertation is a quantitative study on the spread and expansion process of MFIs in one Latin American country, Peru. The roles that district characteristics play in the decision to open an MFI branch are scrutinized. The paper finds that MFIs mainly increase financial access in districts with higher levels of development. Districts where banks are already present also have a higher probability that MFIs will open a branch there. This demonstrates that the two kinds of institutions co-exist in several districts, but most probably serve another clientele. Overall, although strategies differ between different types of Peruvian MFIs, the paper finds that they do not seem to be driven by a pure developmental logic that would push them towards the poorest or totally unbanked regions of the country.

On the whole, the main conclusions of the dissertation can be summarized as follows. First, the dissertation demonstrates that the outreach of the microfinance sector is influenced by a number of macro factors. Consequently, country-specific and macro-economic factors should be taken into account when evaluating MFI performance. Second, the dissertation shows that MFIs substitute the traditional banking sector. MFIs thus fulfill an important part of their mission, i.e. they have helped to increase financial access in the developing world. However, the study also suggests that MFIs still fail to serve a significant number of poor people. This leads to a third important observation, namely that MFIs may in fact not strive to serve the poor as such. Rather, it seems that they are currently focusing on the un-served market in general. The observation indicates that there is a need for a more thorough investigation on the issue of whom the unbanked in the developing countries are and whom MFIs actually strive to serve. Finally, since the outreach and performance of MFIs is dependent on the presence of a stimulating macro-environment, it remains a challenge to serve the financially excluded in the more remote areas of the developing countries and the people in the poorest ones.


Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Uffer, Sabina. "The uneven development of Berlin’s housing provision." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/204/.

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Since the end of the 1990s, Berlin’s housing has been described by a transformation from state- to market-led provision, creating more socially and spatially segregated neighbourhoods. The underlying processes exacerbating and reproducing these inequalities have however rarely been addressed. This thesis investigates the question how the transformation of Berlin’s mode of housing provision generated particular forms of social and spatial inequalities. It begins from a state-focused approach to regulation theory and the related debate on the contemporary form of urban governance of the entrepreneurial city. The thesis identifies three transformation processes of Berlin’s mode of housing provision, which are informed by critical realist housing research. First, the privatisation of state-owned housing and the entrance of institutional investors; second, the reformation of the remaining state-owned housing companies and their adaptation to the government’s social and economic demands; and third, the abandonment of supplyside subsidies for the construction and renovation of housing. The analysis of these three processes exposes how regulation, production, and consumption mechanisms play out under particular spatial and temporal circumstances, creating social and spatial inequalities. A particular emphasis lies on the production mechanisms defined through the diverging strategies of different institutional investors and state-owned housing companies. The thesis concludes with a reflection upon the benefits of a critical realist methodology for analysing state restructuring. It is argued that only through the application of a critical realist methodology, the strengths of the regulation theory’s conceptualisation of state transformation can fully be deployed. The thesis therefore goes beyond an affirmation of a more entrepreneurial mode of housing provision in Berlin, deploying a critical realist approach to reveal the underlying mechanisms of the particular mode of housing provision and its uneven consequences.
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Ashman, S. J. "Globalisation as uneven development : Marxism and the world market." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511394.

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Shimabukuro, Yumiko T. "Democratization and the development of Japan's uneven welfare state." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77829.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 320-343).
Comparative data reveal that Japan consistently has had one of the highest poverty rates among advanced industrialized nations, yet its government taxes the poor more heavily and gives them less in public cash transfers than its peers. Why does a country, endowed with democratic institutions, deep pockets, and a sizable social welfare system provide so little public assistance to the poor? I identify two features of Japan's political and economic development that gave rise to a distinctively threadbare safety net. First, the country's late-developer status paired with state-led industrial development incentivized the primary interest groups-namely, the agrarian landlords, industrialists, and organized labor-to oppose redistribution. Second, the manner in which democratic institutions were introduced in the late nineteenth century and the subsequent expansion of suffrage enabled these groups to gain political influence and block expansion of poor relief in the Diet. Beyond formulating redistributive policies, they locked in the minimalist pattern of redistribution by denying the poor the right to vote (pre-1945) and adopting an electoral system that muted their political voice after suffrage was obtained (post-1945). Consequently, Japan's welfare state developed unevenly, featuring a heavy layer of social insurance programs that benefit well-organized interest groups and an exceptionally minimalist public assistance program for the poor. Thus, contrary to extant theories that associate democracy, economic modernization, and a robust labor movement with higher social spending for the poor, I show that these factors stifled redistribution in the case of Japan. My findings strongly suggest that how a country built its democracy and wealth influences whether a welfare state reinforces or ameliorates existing inequality.
by Yumiko T. Shimabukuro.
Ph.D.
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Hughes, Kate M. O. "The uneven profile of memory development in Down Syndrome." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2018. http://bbktheses.da.ulcc.ac.uk/308/.

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This thesis explores memory development in children with Down syndrome (DS) between aged 3 years and 9 months and 14 years and 5 months (N=43). While memory has been extensively explored in older individuals with DS, relatively little work has considered the development of memory in childhood in DS, in part due to the difficulty of assessing memory in individuals with lower levels of ability. The project was innovative in applying a mixture of original and pre-existing tasks to this population, in order to characterise a wide range of memory abilities at varying levels of cognitive demand. These abilities were initially compared between those with DS and typically developing individuals by age group, early childhood (3 years 9 months to 8 years 4 months) and late childhood (9 years 9 months to 14 years 5 months). Standardised tasks were used to produce mental-age equivalents and raw scores for verbal and non-verbal memory abilities (BPVS, BAS II pattern construction). Study 1 examined object and object-in-place recognition using eye-tracking, using a low demand methodology that excluded few participants. Study 2 examined verbal working and long-term memory abilities overall, as well as learning and forgetting rates. Primacy, recency and mid-list recall rates were also analysed to shed light on strategies of encoding. Study 3 examined spatial working and long-term memory abilities, as well as forgetting rates. Study 4 examined multimodal associative immediate and delayed memory, using a spatialauditory associative eye-tracking paradigm. Study 5 examined the relationships between sustained attention, inhibition, and sleep behaviour measures, as these faculties are implicated in the development of memory abilities. Finally, in Study 6, cross-sectional developmental trajectories were constructed for all memory measures to ascertain if base levels or gradients of change significantly differed, either with respect to chronological age or domain-relevant mental age measures, in comparison to a sample of typically developing children. Overall, the project charted the emergence of an uneven profile of memory abilities across childhood in DS.
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Avdikos, Vasilis. "Explaining uneven spatial development : the contribution of a Gramscian approach." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440865.

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Nisancioglu, Kerem. "The Ottomans in Europe : uneven and combined development and Eurocentrism." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48353/.

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This thesis challenges the Eurocentric division of international history into distinct 'Western' and 'Eastern' strands by demonstrating the intensive historical interactivity between the Ottoman Empire and Europe. Addressing Weberian, Marxian and postcolonial inspired historiography, it seeks to overcome a series of interconnected binaries- East versus West, tradition versus modernity and inside versus outside- that characterise the one-sidedness of these approaches. This thesis argues that Uneven and Combined Development (U&CD) is a theoretical framework primed to overcoming precisely such partialities, and can therefore make an original contribution to Ottoman historiography. More specifically the thesis tackles problems in Ottoman historiography across three key junctures. Through a treatment of the origins of the Empire, I demonstrate that the Ottoman tributary state was a product of international determinations- a form of combined development. Analysing the Ottoman apogee of the sixteenth century, I argue that Ottoman geopolitical pressure on Europe created sociological conditions for that emergence of capitalism. Finally, I show that Ottoman decline was inextricable from the uneven and combined development of capitalism over the course of the long nineteenth century. These historical analyses offer distinct contributions to historical sociological debates around the 'tributary mode of production', the 'Rise of the West' and 'modernisation' respectively. Theoretically, I show that any historical study from a singular spatial vantage point will always tend to be partial. Instead, multiple vantage points derived from multiple spatio-temporal origins better capture the complexity of concrete historical processes. In presenting this argument, this thesis offers a theoretical reconstruction of U&CD as the articulation of spatio-temporal multiplicity in mode of production analysis, which overcomes the fissure between international relations and historical sociology. It thus extends the theory of U&CD onto the terrain of 'big questions' surrounding pre-capitalist social relations and capitalist modernity.
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Freitas, de Castro Marcia. "Uneven development and peripheral capitalism : the case of Brazilian informatics." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1993. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2225/.

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This thesis examines the development of the Brazilian informatics industry and its relationship with and role in the international division of labour for informatics. The principal focus of the analysis is the Brazilian national policy for informatics (PNI). The PNI successes and failures at the national and regional level are related to the weak articulations between the Brazilian and the global informatics industry. The evidence for these fragile links are in the regional distribution patterns of the informatics industry throughout the national territory. The thesis differs from previous studies of Brazilian development policies in its assertion that industry and firms have specific sets of social relations which are spatially grounded and these depend on technology, itself socially created. Previous studies however have depended solely upon technological criteria with which to evaluate Brazilian development strategies. Five main points are covered: the organization of the global informatics industry; different forms of state intervention to cope with and secure nations' strategic stakes in this important industry in the AICs and NICs; interactions between this sector and other sectors of the national industry; and regional patterns of this sector's industrial development in the country. The thesis identifies contradictions between Brazilian policies for modernization of the economy as a whole and modernization of the informatics sector. Modernization requires introduction of new technologies (products and processes) which the heavily protected national informatics industry is not yet capable of producing. Current industrial (and therefore also regional) development bottlenecks faced by the Brazilian industry reflects structural rigidities in the nation's social-political structure. The inward-looking character of Brazil's informatics development policies, which are both unique (in national terms) and ambitious (in technological terms), the thesis argues, fails to take into account the global organization, and thus the role of international capital, in the informatics industry. The thesis emphasizes that it was the need to solve economic problems that triggered the Brazilian development process. However, the development of informatics industriesaround the globe cannot be seen as a direct and exclusive cause of capital migration. Brazil, together, with other developing countries, is an integral part of the world system and must take this system into account in order to make the most of its possibilities.
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Anderson, Gail. "Housing-led regeneration in east Durham : uneven development, governance, politics." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11105/.

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This research investigates housing-led regeneration in the post-industrial area of East Durham to examine whether a gap exists between policy expectation and regeneration, on-the-ground. By engaging with the themes of uneven development and stigma and marginality, the thesis argues that housing-led regeneration policies have exacerbated already existing unevenness and marginality, in their bid to regenerate areas and promote sustainability. This process is played out in the face of shifting economic and political issues. The housing and wider economic market boom of the early to mid 2000’s witnessed a shift in the emphasis placed on housing as a driver to renewal in East Durham; an approach which was sharply hit by the housing market slump, credit crunch and accompanying austerity measures. These funding cuts placed a greater emphasis on the private sector to fund (amongst other things) housing. In addition a rescaling of governing structures from regional and local authority to sub-regional has, the research contends, further influenced and shaped uneven development and marginality. Through the lens of post-political theory, this thesis engages with the relationships between those involved in housing-led regeneration to examine conflict within the process, to show how consensus is managed. Empirical data was gathered using the case study of East Durham. This involved the examination of secondary data in the form of government publications, official statistics, and media reports. The data is derived from extensive, in-depth interviewing of a sample of representatives from County Durham Unitary Council; builders and developers; private surveyors and planners; private landlords; social housing providers; property managers; central government agents; and third sector representatives. A range of county, local and community meetings and forums were attended to provide an ethnographic insight into the process of governing and the relationships which exist within the area.
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Sadoff, Natasha Kimberly. "Hyper-development, Waste, and Uneven Urban Spaces in Panama City." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1430838775.

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Books on the topic "Uneven development"

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Uneven economic development. London: Zed, 2008.

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Mainwaring, Lynn. Dynamics of uneven development. Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1991.

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Services and uneven development. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press, 1988.

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Mike, Parnwell, ed. Uneven development in Thailand. Aldershot: Avebury, 1996.

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Mainwaring, Lynn. Dynamics of uneven development. Aldershot, Hants, England: E. Elgar, 1991.

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Hudson, Ray, and Jim Lewis. Uneven Development in Southern Europe. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003290766.

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Kyong-Dong, Kim. Korean Modernization and Uneven Development. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3494-7.

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Rolf, Steven. China’s Uneven and Combined Development. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55559-7.

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Finance capital and uneven development. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press, 1987.

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David, Spencer. Counterurbanisation, place and uneven development. Reading: University of Reading, Department ofGeography, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Uneven development"

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Harris, Donald J. "Uneven Development." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–5. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1451-1.

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Harris, Donald J. "Uneven Development." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–8. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1451-2.

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Harris, Donald J. "Uneven Development." In Economic Development, 334–40. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19841-2_56.

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Harris, Donald J. "Uneven Development." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 14046–53. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1451.

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Patel, Parimal, and Keith Pavitt. "Uneven Technological Development." In Economics of Science, Technology and Innovation, 39–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6964-7_4.

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Arrighi, Giovanni. "Globalization and Uneven Development." In Frontiers of Globalization Research, 185–201. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-33596-4_8.

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Finlayson, Ciarán. "Uneven and Combined Development." In Keywords for Marxist Art History Today, 157–64. Göttingen: V&R unipress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14220/9783737011143.157.

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Hudson, Ray. "Place and uneven development." In The Routledge Handbook of Place, 545–53. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. |Includes bibliographical references and index.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429453267-48.

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Trauger, Amy, and Jennifer L. Fluri. "Work, mobility and uneven development." In Engendering Development, 81–91. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315213842-6.

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Meyer, Sebastian A. "Paraguay: The Uneven Trajectory." In Latin American Politics and Development, 265–82. Ninth edition. | Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2017.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429495045-17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Uneven development"

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Voskanyan, A. V., and V. V. Lazareva. "UNEVEN DEVELOPMENT OF MUNICIPALITIES IN THE BORDER REGION." In RUSSIA AND CHINA: A VECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT. Amur State University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/rc.2019.1.22.

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Xiaoyu, Zhang, Gao Xin, and Zhang Anlu. "Uneven land development and the spatial diffusion mechanism." In 2017 6th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics.2017.8047057.

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Valentina, Derbeneva. "Factors Of Uneven Development Of Participatory Budgeting In Russia." In AmurCon 2020: International Scientific Conference. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.06.03.32.

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Kamolov, Sergey G., and Victoria K. Taysaeva. "Foreign experience of the development of territories with uneven landscape." In Sustainable and Innovative Development in the Global Digital Age. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.fswz9648.

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The article presents the results of a study of foreign practices of "smart" city concept implementation in territories with uneven landscape. Territories located in the foothills with a significant height difference from 0 to 600 meters above sea level are considered as territories with an uneven landscape. The study addresses the problem of assessing the management readiness level of cities to determine relevant experience for its implementation in the Russian Federation. The authors of the study developed seven criteria for assessing the readiness of cities to implement the "smart" city concept, using the elaborated method of the management readiness level determination. The study was conducted on the basis of an expert assessment of criteria and subsequent ranking of cities according to their integral indicators. The authors conclude that due to the similarity of the geographical and demographic characteristics of Bilbao and Cuenca with the regions of the North Caucasus, as well as the high management readiness level of these cities, their experience is applicable to the Russian Federation.
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Janulevicius, Algirdas, and Gediminas Pupinis. "Influence of uneven tire inflation pressure on vehicle dynamics during braking." In 19th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2020.19.tf285.

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R. Nurieva, A., M. Z. Gibadullin, and S. U. Sabitova. "Digitalization of the world economy: uneven development of national economies." In DEFIN-2021: IV INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3487757.3490910.

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Budović, Aljoša, and Vojislav Deđanski. "Information and communication technologies in Serbia: growth and uneven spatial development." In 4th International Scientific Conference: Knowledge based sustainable economic development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia et all, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2018.899.

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Liu, Meiwu, and Weilin Chen. "The Uneven Regional Development Impacting on the Process of Thailand's Modernization." In 2nd International Symposium on Business Corporation and Development in South-East and South Asia under B$R Initiative (ISBCD 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isbcd-17.2017.16.

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Lee, Jeonghan, and Kyungook Nam. "Development of Low-Noise Cooling Fan Using Uneven Fan Blade Spacing." In SAE World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-0569.

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Jiang Du and Liang Wang. "Uneven clustering routing algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks based on ant colony optimization." In 2011 3rd International Conference on Computer Research and Development (ICCRD). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccrd.2011.5764247.

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Reports on the topic "Uneven development"

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Markusen, James. First Mover Advantages, Blockaded Entry, And the Economics of Uneven Development. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3284.

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Kinsey, Dirk. Out in "The Numbers": Youth and Gang Violence Initiatives and Uneven Development in Portland's Periphery. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5256.

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Morgan, Jonathan, and Jamie McCall. COVID-19 and North Carolina’s Economic Development Organizations: Perspectives on Response, Recovery, and Shifting Priorities. UNC Chapel Hill School of Government, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46712/edo.covid.recovery.

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The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic will reverberate across North Carolina’s local economy for many years. We surveyed the state’s local economic development organizations (EDOs) in the fall of 2021 about how they responded to (1) the pandemic’s immediate crisis period as well as (2) their strategies for long-term recovery. The results show the uneven and bifurcated nature of the recovery process. While some communities have enjoyed a robust “return to normal,” for many the pandemic remains a serious and enduring threat to economic prosperity. We recommend that policymakers leverage proven EDO approaches, including collaborations with local nonprofits and service providers, as part of a more holistic and equitable pandemic recovery strategy.
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Herrin, Alejandro N., and Marilou P. Costello. Sources of future population growth in the Philippines and implications for public policy. Population Council, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy1996.1004.

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Rapid population growth, poor and uneven economic performance, and slow progress in health and education are interrelated phenomena. However, while there is strong support for public policies aimed at economic recovery and human resource development in the Philippines, there is still a lack of consensus on the need for public policy to moderate population growth and on the role of a government-sponsored family planning program in overall population and development activities. This paper examines alternative population projections and analyzes the contribution to future population growth of unwanted fertility, high desired family size, and population momentum. The aims are to highlight the multiple policy responses that are needed to moderate rapid population growth and to clarify a number of factors that have prevented the development of a consensus on Philippine population policy.
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Edstrom, Jerker, Ayesha Khan, Alan Greig, and Chloe Skinner. Grasping Patriarchal Backlash: A Brief for Smarter Countermoves. Institute of Development Studies, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/backlash.2023.002.

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Nearly three decades ago the UN World Conference on Women at Beijing appeared to be uniting the international community around the most progressive platform for women’s rights in history. Instead of steady advancement, we have seen uneven progress, backsliding, co-option, and a recent rising tide of patriarchal backlash. The global phenomenon of ‘backlash’ is characterised by resurgent misogyny, homo/transphobia, and attacks on sexual and reproductive rights. It is articulated through new forms of patriarchal politics associated with racialised hyper-nationalist agendas, traditionalism, authoritarianism, and alterations to civic space that have become all too familiar both in the global North and South. A wide range of actors and articulations are involved and influenced by underlying drivers and dynamics. A clearer view of the patriarchal nature of current backlash is a prerequisite for building a cohesive movement to counter it, strategically engaging researchers, activists, policymakers and donors in development.
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Schorung, Matthieu. A Geographical Contribution on Interurban Passenger Rail Transportation in the United States. Mineta Transportation Institute, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2212.

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Why does the rail infrastructure of the United States lag behind those of many other developed countries? Where is U.S. high-speed rail? This research approaches this in a dilemma by exploring Amtrak’s traditional rail services and high-speed rail projects in the nation to understand the workings of public rail transportation policies, what they contain, and how they are developed and pursued by the different stakeholders. This research utilizes case studies and a multiscale approach to analyze the territorialization of intercity rail transportation policies. The analysis demonstrates the emergence of a bottom-up approach to projects, notably apparent in the California HSR project and in the modernization of the Cascades corridor. Furthermore, this research concluded that, first, the development of uniform arguments and recommendations to encourage new rail policies emphasizes structuring effects and economic role of high-speed rail, congestion reduction, modal shift. Second, a tangible though uneven pro-rail position exists among public actors at all levels. Stakeholders prioritize improving and modernizing existing corridors for the launch of higher-speed services, and then on hybrid networks that combine different types of infrastructures. Although there are no publicly backed projects for new lines exclusively dedicated to high-speed rail, most of the high-speed corridors are in fact “higher-speed” corridors, some of which are intended to become high-speed at some time in the future.
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Komba, Aneth, and Richard Shukia. Accountability Relationships in 3Rs Curriculum Reform Implementation: Implication for Pupils’ Acquisition of Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Tanzania’s Primary Schools. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/065.

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This study responded to one key research question: What are the accountability relationships between the actors in implementing the 3Rs curriculum reform? A qualitative research approach informed the study, using key informant interviews, focus group discussion and document review. The data were analysed using thematic and content analysis. The study established that the key actors in implementing the 3Rs curriculum are the government institutions and the development partners. These actors provide teaching, learning materials and support in the provision of in-service teacher training. Yet, the pupils’ and teachers’ materials prepared by the donor programmes were never authorised by the Commissioner for Education. The study also found that the implementation of the 3Rs was very uneven across the country, with some regions receiving support from both the government and donors, and others receiving support from the government only. Consequently, schools in areas that were exposed to more than one type of support benefited from various teaching and learning materials, which led to confusion regarding when to use them. Moreover, the initiatives by several donors exclusively focus on public schools, which use Kiswahili as the medium of instruction and hence, there existed inequality across the various types of schools. Furthermore, the funds for implementing the reform were provided by both the development partners and the government. The Global Partnership for Education (GPE)—Literacy and Numeracy Education Support (LANES) Program— provided a large proportion of the funds. However, the funds remained insufficient to meet the training needs. As a result, the training was provided for only few days and to a few teachers. Consequently, the sustainability of the reform, in the absence of donor funding, remains largely questionable.
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Herbert, Sian. Reducing Criminal Violence Through Public Sector-led Multisectoral Approaches. Institute of Development Studies, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.043.

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The last decades have seen increased consensus for the need to understand and address violence through a public health approach, and a preventative approach, as embodied by Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16. This necessitates a multi-sector and multi-stakeholder approach, yet poor governance continues to threaten progress on this agenda. Many policy approaches to urban violence tend to take an approach that is either place-based; people-based; or behaviour-based and include a range of initiatives. The INSPIRE initiative is a key global response to tackling violence against women (VAW) and violence against children (VAC) A multisector approach is needed to address the complexity and multifactorial origins of violence. Yet multisector engagement can complicate institutional responses due to different goals, concepts, instruments, etc. Increased collaboration and joined-up approaches across government departments have led to changes in institutions and approaches. The literature base on violence prevention initiatives is varied and uneven across the different types of violence, e.g. with more literature available on interventions focussed on interpersonal and urban violence compared to organised crime-related violence. Evaluations are limited and face many methodological challenges (Cuesta & Alda, 2021) – e.g. the scale and complexity of violence limits the extent to which interventions can be rigorously evaluated or comparable, and most focus on interventions in the Global North. Most importantly, the literature base for this specific question – focussed on the wider institutional context and lessons for a multisectoral approach – is very limited, as most of the available literature focusses on lessons relating to the outcomes of the interventions. In line with the operational focus of this paper, this review draws mainly on practitioner and policy publications. The approaches, interventions, and lessons detailed below are illustrative and are not comprehensive of the many complex lessons relating to this broad area of programming.
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Mooney, Henry, David Rosenblatt, Cloe Ortiz de Mendívil, Gralyn Frazier, Ariel McCaskie, Victor Gauto, Elton Bollers, Jason Christie, Jeetendra Khadan, and Nazera Abdul-Haqq. Caribbean Quarterly Bulletin: Volume 10: Issue 2, August 2021. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003573.

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For more than a year, the Caribbean economics team at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) has focused on the potential implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for lives and livelihoods across the region. The pandemic is still with us, but there is hope that the cycles of lockdowns and containment measures will eventually come to an end as vaccination programs progress, even if unevenly, across the region. However, the availability of vaccine supply remains a concern, and the pandemic continues to pose a constraint for the recovery of key sectors such as tourism and local services sectors. This edition of the Caribbean Quarterly Bulletin focuses on two topics: (1) forecasts of key macroeconomic variables, based on the April 2021 WEO, and (2) financial sector risks. In general, regional economies are embarking on a fragile path to recovery. Continued progress with vaccination programs, credible medium-term fiscal programs, and continued attention to financial vulnerabilities will be needed to push that path to recovery forward.
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Brophy, Kenny, and Alison Sheridan, eds. Neolithic Scotland: ScARF Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.196.

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The main recommendations of the Panel report can be summarised as follows: The Overall Picture: more needs to be understood about the process of acculturation of indigenous communities; about the Atlantic, Breton strand of Neolithisation; about the ‘how and why’ of the spread of Grooved Ware use and its associated practices and traditions; and about reactions to Continental Beaker novelties which appeared from the 25th century. The Detailed Picture: Our understanding of developments in different parts of Scotland is very uneven, with Shetland and the north-west mainland being in particular need of targeted research. Also, here and elsewhere in Scotland, the chronology of developments needs to be clarified, especially as regards developments in the Hebrides. Lifeways and Lifestyles: Research needs to be directed towards filling the substantial gaps in our understanding of: i) subsistence strategies; ii) landscape use (including issues of population size and distribution); iii) environmental change and its consequences – and in particular issues of sea level rise, peat formation and woodland regeneration; and iv) the nature and organisation of the places where people lived; and to track changes over time in all of these. Material Culture and Use of Resources: In addition to fine-tuning our characterisation of material culture and resource use (and its changes over the course of the Neolithic), we need to apply a wider range of analytical approaches in order to discover more about manufacture and use.Some basic questions still need to be addressed (e.g. the chronology of felsite use in Shetland; what kind of pottery was in use, c 3000–2500, in areas where Grooved Ware was not used, etc.) and are outlined in the relevant section of the document. Our knowledge of organic artefacts is very limited, so research in waterlogged contexts is desirable. Identity, Society, Belief Systems: Basic questions about the organisation of society need to be addressed: are we dealing with communities that started out as egalitarian, but (in some regions) became socially differentiated? Can we identify acculturated indigenous people? How much mobility, and what kind of mobility, was there at different times during the Neolithic? And our chronology of certain monument types and key sites (including the Ring of Brodgar, despite its recent excavation) requires to be clarified, especially since we now know that certain types of monument (including Clava cairns) were not built during the Neolithic. The way in which certain types of site (e.g. large palisaded enclosures) were used remains to be clarified. Research and methodological issues: There is still much ignorance of the results of past and current research, so more effective means of dissemination are required. Basic inventory information (e.g. the Scottish Human Remains Database) needs to be compiled, and Canmore and museum database information needs to be updated and expanded – and, where not already available online, placed online, preferably with a Scottish Neolithic e-hub that directs the enquirer to all the available sources of information. The Historic Scotland on-line radiocarbon date inventory needs to be resurrected and kept up to date. Under-used resources, including the rich aerial photography archive in the NMRS, need to have their potential fully exploited. Multi-disciplinary, collaborative research (and the application of GIS modelling to spatial data in order to process the results) is vital if we are to escape from the current ‘silo’ approach and address key research questions from a range of perspectives; and awareness of relevant research outside Scotland is essential if we are to avoid reinventing the wheel. Our perspective needs to encompass multi-scale approaches, so that ScARF Neolithic Panel Report iv developments within Scotland can be understood at a local, regional and wider level. Most importantly, the right questions need to be framed, and the right research strategies need to be developed, in order to extract the maximum amount of information about the Scottish Neolithic.
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