Relevant bibliographies by topics / Uneven flow distribution

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Uneven flow distribution'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Uneven flow distribution"

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Cho, Hyungtae, Junghwan Kim, Chanho Park, Kwanghee Lee, Myungjun Kim, and Il Moon. "Uneven distribution of particle flow in RFCC reactor riser." Powder Technology 312 (May 2017): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2017.01.025.

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Badriev, A. I., and S. M. Vlasov. "Estimation of the distribution of water and air flows in a laboratory cooling tower." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 21, no. 5 (December 17, 2019): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2019-21-5-71-78.

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A decrease in the efficiency of the tower cooling tower of the TPP was found, especially in the summer. It has been proposed that one of the reasons for the decrease in productivity may be uneven distribution of flows. Experimental studies of the density distribution of irrigation water and air flow of a tower cooling tower have been carried out. The actual operating characteristics of the cooling device are obtained taking into account the uneven flow. Due to the influence of internal and external factors on the performance of the full- scale tower, it was decided to check the performance at its laboratory installation. An experimental analysis of the distribution of irrigation density and air velocity was performed on a laboratory model of a cooling tower. The experimental characteristics of the full-scale tower cooling tower in a laboratory installation were confirmed: the dependence of air speed, temperature drop of water and cooling power on the distribution of irrigation density. Taking into account the uneven flow of water and air is an important task in the design and operation of tower towers. The problem of rational distribution of irrigation density and air flow in a tower cooling tower is formulated.
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Ji, Shou Wen, Lin Shuai Wang, and Kai Ding. "Study on Freight Traffic Flow of Port." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1773–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1773.

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There are clear industrial characteristics of freight traffic flow in port. According to the round distribution method, the uneven distribution of time, functional orientation of road network and properties of mixed flow road are analyzed with the example of Lianyungang.
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Huang, Yanchen, and Xinbo Huang. "Flow field distribution around insulator and contamination uneven characteristic of insulator." IET Science, Measurement & Technology 14, no. 10 (December 20, 2020): 1088–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-smt.2020.0277.

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Xia, G. L., G. H. Su, and M. J. Peng. "Analysis of flow distribution in plate-type core affected by uneven inlet temperature distribution." Annals of Nuclear Energy 92 (June 2016): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2016.01.044.

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Qian, Dongsheng, Chengfei Ma, and Feng Wang. "The Effect of Flow Lines on the Mechanical Properties in Hot-Rolled Bearing Steel." Metals 11, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11030456.

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Hot rolling is an essential process for the shape-forming of bearing steel. It plays a significant role in the formation and distribution of flow lines. In this work, the effect of flow lines is investigated by analyzing the microstructure and mechanical anisotropy of hot-rolled bearing steel. It was found that carbides rich with Cr and Mn elements are distributed unevenly along the flow-line direction of the hot-rolled bearing steel. Moreover, the mechanical characterization indicates that ultimate tensile strength and yield strength do not have any significant difference in two directions. Nevertheless, an ultrahigh section shrinkage of 57.51% is obtained in the 0° sample that has parallel flow lines, while 90° sample shows poor section shrinkage. The uneven distributed carbides will affect the direction and speed of crack propagation during tensile deformation. Therefore, the 0° and 90° samples exhibit great difference in plastic property. Meanwhile, after tensile deformation, a delaminated texture is observed in the flow lines, which may be caused by different degrees of deformation of grains due to the uneven distribution of carbides. The results of this work may provide guidance for controlling and optimizing flow lines in the manufacturing of bearing rings.
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Fleischer, F., C. Koerner, and J. Mann. "Flow Guiding and Distributing Devices on the Exhaust Side of Stationary Gas Turbines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906481.

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Following repeated cases of damage caused to exhaust silencers located directly beyond gas turbine diffusers, this paper reports on investigations carried out to determine possible remedies. In all instances, an uneven exhaust gas flow distribution was found. The company’s innovative approach to the problem involved constructing a scale model of a complete gas turbine exhaust system and using it for flow simulation purposes. It was established for the first time that, subject to certain conditions, the results of tests conducted on a model can be applied to the actual turbine exhaust system. It is shown that when an unfavorable duct arrangement might produce an uneven exhaust flow, scale models are useful in the development of suitable flow-distributing devices.
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Zhou, Qi, and Yong Pang. "Calculation of Water Environmental Capacity of Tidal Reaches in Estuarine Areas on the Basis of Uneven Coefficient." Applied Mechanics and Materials 507 (January 2014): 790–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.507.790.

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In view of the reciprocating flow of the tidal reaches in estuarine areas and uneven horizontal distribution in the process of pollutants transferring, this thesis proposes a calculation method for the water environmental capacity on the basis of reciprocating flow model and uneven coefficient method. Taking North Channel, downstream of the Min River, as an example, a two-dimensional unstable-state model of water flow-quality is established. According to its hydrologic features and the date measured, flow field and concentration field of this river section are simulated, and meanwhile, response relation curve of the discharge capacity of those general pollutant sources in relation to length of pollution zones, at moments of maximum flood tide and maximum tide ebb, is built. Besides, North Channel is divided into two studied sections whose uneven distribution coefficients at the above mentioned two moments are calculated respectively. Considering the reliability, uneven coefficients at floodtide and tide ebb are replaced by those at the moment of maximum flood tide and maximum tide ebb, and the uneven coefficient method is adopted, on the basis of reciprocating flow model, to calculate the water environmental capacity of North Channel. The findings show that, by adopting the two-dimensional unstable-state model of water flow-quality, values of both the flow field and concentration field in this river section thus calculated, are approximate to the values measured. Chooses 90% confidence surface flow and take neap as sample, the water environmental capacity of CODMn in North Channel is 16716.8t/a.This method, together with the reciprocating flow model and uneven coefficient method, reflects the influence of reciprocating flow and complex pollution migration and diffusion, under the tidal action, on the water environmental capacity of tidal reaches in estuarine areas.
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Qing, L., M. R. Bilad, Guofei Sun, Juhana Jaafar, and Anthony G. Fane. "Flow uneven-distribution and its impact on performances of forward osmosis module." Journal of Water Process Engineering 33 (February 2020): 101014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101014.

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Fu, Hai Ming, and You Jun Zhao. "Experimental Study on Flow Field Characteristic of Bag Filter." Advanced Materials Research 508 (April 2012): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.508.254.

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In order to select best filtration velocity of bag filters and to improve gas flow distribution, to increase collection efficiency and to reduce operation resistance, gas flow distribution was tested by using hot-wire anemometer, CFD simulation was made and basic accordant result was obtained by comparing simulation result with experimental result. Test results and analysis showed that: Uneven distribution of flow field was caused by jet flow, critical filtration velocity exited in flow field distribution. Improving measure of flow field and optimize method of bag filter structure was putted out.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Uneven flow distribution"

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Bartošek, Nikola. "Analýza potíží výměníku tepla." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232124.

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The master thesis is focused on analysis of specific cross-flow in-line tube bundle heat exchanger which deals with significant operational problems. Thermal, hydraulic and vibration calculation analysis of selected parts of the heat exchanger is performed based on CFD flow distribution results. Calculation is performed by using Maple software. Thermal and hydraulic calculations are compared with results obtained by commercial software HTRI.
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Book chapters on the topic "Uneven flow distribution"

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Juhász-Nagy, A., V. Kékesi, L. Fazekas, B. Merkely, and M. Tóth. "Uneven Flow Distribution in the Heart Induced by Endothelin." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 247–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4717-4_30.

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Ochoa-Morales, Heberto J. "Social Responsibility and the Transition Toward a Knowledge-Based Society in Latin America." In Current Security Management & Ethical Issues of Information Technology, 214–21. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-93177-743-8.ch011.

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In Latin America, the proliferation of regional and multilateral agreements with integration as a purpose has generated a high flow of goods, services, and investments among these countries. From the economic perspective, the outcome is trade and, therefore, stimulus to economic growth. Information technology is a relevant parameter in this endeavor. The “digital gap” between developed countries (DC) and less developed countries (LDC) is greater than the gap in the “standard of living” between them. The uneven distribution of wealth among and within countries, and the lack of communication infrastructure and computer-based power, situate them at a transitional stage within the “knowledge-based society,” which emanates social changes, and therefore new roles to be achieved by private and public institutions within the framework of social responsibility.
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Mathur, Om Prakash. "Regional and Urban Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment in India." In Cities of Dragons and Elephants, 377–406. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829225.003.0012.

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Foreign direct investment (FDI) has, in the post-1991 period, acquired considerable importance in India. This chapter analyses the regional distribution of FDI flows and explores the role of urbanization in determining FDI location choices. Three points emerge from the chapter. First, the regional distribution of FDI in India is grossly uneven. Most FDI flows are directed to regions which are more urbanized and have metropolitan dominance. Second, urbanization and its associated factors such as market size, population density, and infrastructure such as road density and teledensity are important determinants of FDI. Third, relative to India’s share in global population and global GDP, India’s share in global FDI is small. The chapter points out that for India to be able to reap the potential benefits of FDI, it will need to make heavy investments in urban infrastructure and services and eliminate land market distortions and other market-related inefficiencies.
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Margat, Jean. "Water Resources." In The Physical Geography of the Mediterranean. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199268030.003.0037.

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The geography of natural water resources in the Mediterranean basin cannot simply be reduced to the study of water inputs, water distribution, and the pattern of runoff-generating precipitation determined by climate and relief—although these are, of course, fundamental controls (Margat 1992; Benblidia et al. 1996). Any consideration of basin-wide water resources also needs to consider a range of territorially determined factors affecting water resources. These include: (1) the nature of surface and underground flows, which depends on river basin and hydrogeological characteristics; (2) the natural storage capacity of lakes and aquifers and their role in regulating flows, and any losses from these stores which reduce the resulting flows; (3) the existence of favourable conditions for water management and exploitation such as suitable sites for dam construction and the productivity of aquifers, as these factors dictate accessibility to water resources and the production costs; (4) the natural quality of the water, its vulnerability to pollution and its capacity for self-purification; (5) any constraints imposed for reasons of environmental conservation, which may effectively exclude a proportion of water reserves from the category of exploitable resources. It is important to appreciate that each of these factors influences the assessment of water resources in a given area and each factor has its own geography (Margat 1997; Margat and Vallée 1999a). In spite of the broad similarities in climate and landscape between the different parts of the Mediterranean basin, there are considerable variations between regions that impact upon the availability of water resources. Many of the factors affecting water resources cited above are subject to a similar degree of variation (Grenon and Batisse 1989; Chapter 8) and these are discussed in turn below. Marking the transition between the temperate climate of Europe and the aridity of North Africa and the Near East, the Mediterranean climate contains wide variation, and this is reflected in a highly uneven distribution of rainfall (Benblidia et al. 1996; Margat and Vallée 1999a; Chapter 3). For example, moving from one extreme to another, average annual rainfall ranges from more than 3,000 mm in parts of the Dinaric Alps to less than 50 mm in Libya.
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Gapova, Elena. "Outsourcing to the Post-Soviet Region and Gender." In IT Outsourcing, 2231–36. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-770-6.ch140.

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The purpose of this article is to analyze the outsourcing of information technology (IT) jobs to a specific world region as a gendered phenomenon. Appadurai (2001) states that the contemporary globalized world is characterized by objects in motion, and these include ideas, people, goods, images, messages, technologies and techniques, and jobs. These flows are a part of “relations of disjuncture” (Appadurai, 2001, p. 5) created by an uneven economic process in different places of the globe and involving fundamental problems of livelihood, equality or justice. Outsourcing of jobs (to faraway countries) is one of such “disjunctive” relationships. Pay difference between the United States (U.S.) and some world regions created a whole new interest in the world beyond American borders. Looking for strategies to lower costs, employers move further geographically; and with digital projects, due to their special characteristics, distribution across different geographical areas can be extremely effective. First, digital networks allow reliable and real-time transfer of digital files (both work in progress and final products), making it possible to work in geographically separated locations. Second, in the presence of adequate mechanisms for coordination through information exchange, different stages of software production (conceptualization, high-level design and low-level analysis, coding) are also separable across space (Kagami, 2002). In the Western hemisphere, the argument for outsourcing is straightforward and powerful. It is believed that if an Indian, Chinese, Russian or Ukrainian software programmer is paid one-tenth of an American salary, a company that develops software elsewhere will save money. And provided that competitors do the same, the price of the software will fall, productivity will rise, the technology will spread, and new jobs will be created to adapt and improve it. But the argument against outsourcing centers on the loss of jobs by American workers. Although there is no statistics on the number of jobs lost to offshore outsourcing, the media write about the outcry of professionals who several years ago considered themselves invulnerable.
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Conference papers on the topic "Uneven flow distribution"

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Gao, Zheng-Wei, Ha-Li Pang, Guo-Dong Niu, and Zhen-Ning Xu. "Bus stop spacing optimization based on uneven distribution of passenger flow." In 2009 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc.2009.5191902.

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Liu, Renwei, Haishan Zhu, Qingping Li, Yufei Wan, and Kaifeng Fan. "Study of Uneven Distribution in Parallel Petroleum Processing Pipes." In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64262.

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The aim of this article is to investigate uneven distribution of oil-gas two phase flow in parallel petroleum processing pipelines. On-site analysis on BZ35-2 central platform A and SZ36-1 central platform N/O (two typical platforms in China’s Bohai Bay) shows that uneven distribution is originated mainly by two sources: flow rate difference and dryness difference. A 3-dimensional numerical model of two-phase flow in T-junction before parallel processing units was built. Flow and dryness distribution under different operating conditions were simulated. It is demonstrated that unevenness of flow rate grows worse as the total flow rate increases or operating pressure difference between parallel units becomes larger. Moreover, unevenness of dryness is mainly caused by phase split in a tee. It can be concluded that the phase split will be more obvious when parallel units are located at different heights or gas volume fraction of feed stream and inlet flow rate is small. Besides, flow rate distribution has an effect on dryness distribution. There is a specific flow ratio that will cause the most serious phase split. Finally, according to the conclusions, modification scheme for BZ35-2 central platform A piping layout was proposed. And this work may provide some guidance for process design and practical operation of parallel units.
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Sheng, Cheng, Tao Zhou, Liping Pang, and Yanping Huang. "Study on Characteristics of Gas-Liquid Two Phase Flow Distribution in Vertical Manifolds." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29259.

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This paper shows the experiments of the flow rate distribution measurements of air-water two-phase flow in vertical multi-branch carried out on the Gas-liquid two-phase flow fluid and flow rate distribution experimental platform, and discusses the laws and the Characteristics of two phase flow distribution in the multi-branch by changing the water flow rate or the air flow rate under the condition of fix the flow rate of the other phase, then analyzes the degree of the flow deviation of both two phases in branches by calculating the standard deviations of each working condition. The experiments show that the flow distributions of both two phases are very uneven. There was much air but little water flows into the branches which were close to the inlets of the distributor, but in the branches which were far away from the inlets of the distributor, the situation was opposite to the previous one. The types of the flow pattern in each branch in every working condition were obtained through the Hewitt-Robert flow pattern picture. As the flow rate of air increased, the annular pattern would spread from the branches which are close to the inlets of the distributor to the ones which are far away from the inlets of the distributor.
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Fleischer, Friedrich, Christian Koerner, and Juergen Mann. "Flow Guiding and Distributing Devices on the Exhaust Side of Stationary Gas Turbines." In ASME 1989 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/89-gt-214.

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Following repeated cases of damage caused to exhaust silencers located directly beyond gas turbine diffusers, this paper reports on investigations carried out to determine possible remedies. In all instances, an uneven exhaust gas flow distribution was found to be present. The company’s innovative approach to the problem involved constructing a scale model of a complete gas turbine exhaust system and using it for flow simulation purposes. It was established for the first time that, subject to certain conditions, the results of tests conducted on a model can be applied to the actual turbine exhaust system. It is shown that when an unfavourable duct arrangement might produce an uneven exhaust flow, scale models are useful in the development of suitable flow-distributing devices.
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Zheng, Dezhi, Song Zhang, Bin Wu, Jeff Fleitz, Robert Trajkovski, and Chenn Q. Zhou. "CFD Investigation of a Hydrogen Reformer Furnace for Improved Flow Distribution." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40846.

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A hydrogen reformer furnace is a combustion chamber used to supply heat for the catalytic process that converts natural gas into hydrogen. The reforming reaction that happens inside the catalyst tubes is endothermic and requiring high levels of heat input. The combustion process in the hydrogen reformer furnace provides the heat to maintain the chemical reaction inside the tubes. Consequently, heat control in the hydrogen reformer furnace is one of the most important factors for the catalytic reforming process. The previous investigation indicates the uneven heat distribution inside the furnace has caused the aging issue of catalyst tubes. Hence, optimization of heat distribution inside the furnace is a vital step of the catalytic reforming process. Utilizing the multiphase and non-premixed model of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic), the thermal behavior inside the furnace has been investigated. Results revealed that both the gaps on the sidewall of the tunnel and the location of air distribution wall have impact on the temperature distribution of catalyst tubes. The performance of each configuration with different parameters is carried out to provide a great deal of insight for industry field.
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Cui, Wenzheng, Minli Bai, Jizu Lv, Peng Weng, Chengzhi Hu, and Xiaojie Li. "On the Influence of Nanoparticle Shapes for Nanofluids Flow Behaviors by Molecular Dynamics Simulation." In ASME 2013 4th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2013-22024.

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Understanding how the nanoparticles influence flow behavior of nanofluids is important for revealing mechanism of heat transfer enhancement by using nanofluids. The aim of this work was to study the microscopic change in base fluid and micro-motion of nanoparticles due to Brownian motion by molecular dynamics simulation. The present work established shearing flow simulation models considering different shapes of nanoparticles. Velocity distribution and number density distribution of fluid, and angular velocity components and translational velocity components of nanoparticles were statistically analyzed. The results of velocity distribution and number density distribution showed that adding nanoparticles reduces flow boundary layer and causes uneven distribution of mass; and the results for angular velocity components and translational velocity components of nanoparticles showed that nanoparticles rotate fast in the fluid, and vibrate irregularly. The present study suggests that adding nanoparticles causes microscopic change for base fluid including reducing thickness of flow boundary layer and uneven density distribution in fluid. In addition, the micro-motions of nanoparticles including rotation and vibration due to Brownian motion strengthen micro-flow effect and momentum transfer in nanofluids. Furthermore, by comparing motion behaviors of nanoparticles in different shapes the present work reveals that shapes of nanoparticles influence deeply flow behavior of nanofluids.
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An, Hongwei, Liang Cheng, and Ming Zhao. "Hydrodynamic Forces on a Pipeline With Uneven Embedment." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-84054.

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Hydrodynamic forces on a pipeline with uneven embedment on either side, subject to oscillatory flow, are investigated numerically. Two-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations with a k-ω turbulent model are solved to simulate the flow in the fluid. It is assumed the seepage flow in the seabed is governed by Darcy’s law and Laplace equation is solved to calculate the pore pressure under the assumption of isotropic and homogenous seabed. The effects of embedment depths and KC numbers on the hydrodynamic force are investigated. The flow structure and pressure distribution around the pipeline are discussed. The inline force and lift exerting on the pipeline are presented in the form of peak values and Fourier coefficients. It is found that flow structures around the pipeline are asymmetric due to the difference of seabed levels on the two sides of the pipeline. The degree of asymmetry increases with the increase of |e1-e2|/D. Obvious difference exists between the hydrodynamic forces experienced by the pipeline in two succeeding halves of a period due to the asymmetric flow structure around the pipeline. The peak values of inline force and lift reduce as e2/D increase for all values of e1 examined in this study. The maximum error of the inline force and lift predicted by using sixth order Fourier series is about 4%.
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Pang, Liping, Shangmin Li, Hu Yuan, and Liqiang Duan. "Study on Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Distribution Inside a Flute Header." In ASME 2020 Power Conference collocated with the 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16710.

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Abstract When the supercritical boiler is working at low load during flexible operation, the uneven distribution of the gas-liquid flow at the intermediate header may affect the safety of the water-cooled wall at the vertical parallel panels. In order to improve the uniformity of gas-liquid flow distribution in the water-cooled wall of intermediate header and study the internal flow mechanism, a flute inside the header is applied with parallel vertical parallel channels and experiments under different operating conditions are conducted to verify the effectiveness of this geometrical structure. The flow pattern in the experiment belongs to stratified and wavy flow. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation is conducted in order to investigate two-phase flow distribution behavior inside a flute header. It was found that the radial gas phase distribution in the flute tube shows a symmetrical relationship, and there are two vortexes in opposite directions. With the increasing distance from the inlet, the uniformity of the gas phase distribution becomes even. The gravity is greater than the drag force, which has effect on the two-phase flow distribution. The gas phase velocity has been improved inside flute section and liquid phase flow has more even flow distribution along annular section. It makes liquid phase sent to far end of flute header. That benefits two-phase flow distribution along 10 parallel channels equally.
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Greely, Scott, Grover Bennett, R. S. Amano, Krishna S. Guntur, and Shyam Singh. "Study of Uniform Heating and Efficiency of Paper Mill Drying Procedures." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47064.

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The Paper Mill Project goal is to improve upon the uniform heating of a continuous paper sheet flowing across a heat source for the purpose of drying the paper. The project tests different porous media to achieve uniform heat distribution across the paper. Existing designs overheat the paper to overcome the uneven heat distribution caused by uneven flow velocities; current designs also achieve low overall efficiency. This project attempts to test the effect porous media has on creating even heat distributions across the paper sheet, and which type of porous media achieves the greatest overall efficiency. This project was conducted in two phases; the first phase tests the different porous medium drying a single sheet conveying at two different sheet velocities. The second phase tested the different porous medium drying four stationary strips of paper for a length of one minute.
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Huang, Dui, Bin Wu, Jeff Magner, Martin R. Gonzalez, and Chenn Q. Zhou. "Numerical Analysis of a Hydrotreater Furnace Inlet Piping System." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40843.

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In the petroleum refining industry, the oil hydrotreater produces low-sulfur feed for the downstream units. An oil and hydrogen mixture is delivered by a piping system to the hydrotreater furnace. Uneven splitting and/or phase separations of the original stream can cause uneven heating as well as high furnace tube metal temperature, which can lead to shorten tube life and potentially tube rupture. In order to achieve better understanding of the current design, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) had been used to determine the two-phase flow regime throughout the piping system and report the degree to which each flow split is uneven. In this study, a three dimensional multiphase CFD model of a hydrotreater furnace had been developed. The CFD model provides detailed velocity distribution and flow patterns together with the oil concentration and pressure drops at different location of the entire piping system. The degree of uneven splitting to all the outlets had also been evaluated quantitatively. The simulation results provide thorough understanding of the operating performance, while the parametric studies offer insight into the optimization of the current piping design.
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