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Journal articles on the topic 'Uniaxial and Biaxial Tests'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Chen, Yonglin, Shuai Li, and Gongyi Fu. "Tear strength of a laminated fabric for stratospheric airship under uniaxial and biaxial tests." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 16 (January 2021): 155892502110018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15589250211001822.

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Envelopes are main structures of stratospheric airships. They are usually made of laminated fabrics and prone to tearing, so it is significant to study their tear strengths. This paper aims to investigate the tear strength of an envelope for stratospheric airships by uniaxial and biaxial tear tests. Three uniaxial tear specimens and 15 biaxial tear specimens under five different stress ratios (warp stress vs weft stress) were tested, and their tear strengths were measured. Two-dimensional digital speckle correlation method was used to obtain specimens’ strain contours. The test results show th

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2

Luo, Hua An, Hua Ming Wang, Jian Ying Zhu, and You Peng You. "Characterization of Hyperelastic Dielectric Elastomer Based on Biaxial Tensile Bench." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 884–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.884.

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Usually model parameters from uniaxial experiments are not suitable for dielectric elastomer under biaxial loading condition. To characterize the mechanical behavior of dielectric elastomer, a biaxial tensile bench is established, on which uniaxial tests can be performed too. On the basis of the analysis of viscous effect of elastomer, experimental condition for data acquirement is determined. Then equi-biaxial and uniaxial experimental data are obtained to fit three constitutive models, i.e. Mooney-Rivlin, Yeoh and Ogden model. Also, least square minimization method is used to obtained model

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3

Udomraksasakul, Chalida, Thanasan Intarakumthornchai, and Yingyot Aue-u-Lan. "Investigation of Anisotropy Effect on the Material Properties Obtained from Biaxial Tests." Key Engineering Materials 856 (August 2020): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.856.128.

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Hydraulic bulge test or biaxial test is a well-known mechanical test used to determine a flow stress of material because of the large level of effective strains and not interfered by the necking unlike in uniaxial tensile test. However, the flow stress obtained is influenced by the anisotropy effect. That flow stress needs to be corrected by the anisotropic values (r-values) obtained from the uniaxial tensile test which limited by the necking. Therefore, to obtain the accurate flow stress the r-values should be determined directly from the biaxial test. The elliptical tests with ratio of 2 (th

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4

Spišák, Emil, Janka Majerníková, Emília Duľová Spišáková, and Ľuboš Kaščák. "Analysis of Plastic Deformation of Double Reduced Sheets." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 10, no. 4 (2016): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ama-2016-0041.

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Abstract This paper discusses the causes and the effects of plastic deformation of double reduced sheets under uniaxial and biaxial loading. It focuses on the specific inhomogeneity and localization of plastic deformation, which is analysed in detail. The uniaxial and the hydraulic biaxial tensile tests were used for material testing and the results were compared and evaluated. The final part of the paper deals with the microstructure of material deformations.

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Ambroziak, Andrzej. "Mechanical properties of PVDF-coated fabric under tensile tests." Journal of Polymer Engineering 35, no. 4 (2015): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2014-0087.

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Abstract This article describes the laboratory tests necessary to identify the mechanical properties of the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-coated fabrics named Precontraint 1202S and Precontraint 1302S. First, a short survey of the literature concerning the description of coated woven fabrics is presented. Second, the material parameters for PVDF-coated fabrics are specified on the basis of biaxial tensile tests. A comparison of the 1:1 biaxial and the uniaxial tensile tests results is also given. Additionally, biaxial cyclic tests were performed to observe the change of immediate mechanical p

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6

Rassoli, Aisa, Nasser Fatouraee, and Mohammad Shafigh. "UNIAXIAL AND BIAXIAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE HUMAN SAPHENOUS VEIN." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 27, no. 05 (2015): 1550050. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237215500507.

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Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major causes of death in the world and are closely related to blood dynamics and wall mechanical properties of vessels. This makes the study of mechanical properties of arteries and veins essential. In this regard, study on common vessels used in bypass grafting operations is of special importance due to the frequency of this surgery. Human saphenous vein is one of the vessels used for bypass surgeries. The objective of the present study is to characterize the behavior of human saphenous vein using uniaxial and biaxial planar tests. Forty human saphenous

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7

Yao, Jia Wei, Yu Pu Song, Li Kun Qin, and Ling Xia Gao. "Mechanical Properties and Failure Criteria of Concrete under Biaxial Tension and Compression." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.252.

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Utilizing the large static-dynamic triaxial test system, 7 proportional loading biaxial tensile and compressive tests of concrete were conducted. The proportional loading paths are 0 (uniaxial compression), -0.05, -0.1, -0.15, -0.2, -0.25 and ∞ (uniaxial tension). Compressive and tensile strength were measured as well as the strains at two loading directions. Considering the ratio to tension and compression, failure criteria of ordinary concrete under biaxial tension and compression was established, which has a good agreement with test value.

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Williams, Paul T., B. Richard Bass, and Wallace J. McAfee. "Shallow Flaws Under Biaxial Loading Conditions—Part II: Application of a Weibull Stress Analysis of the Cruciform Bend Specimen Using a Hydrostatic Stress Criterion1." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 123, no. 1 (2000): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1344235.

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Cruciform beam fracture mechanics specimens have been developed in the Heavy Section Steel Technology Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to introduce a prototypic, far-field, out-of-plane biaxial bending stress component in the test section that approximates the nonlinear biaxial stresses resulting from pressurized-thermal-shock or pressure-temperature loading of a nuclear reactor pressure vessel (RPV). Matrices of cruciform beam tests were developed to investigate and quantify the effects of temperature, biaxial loading, and specimen size on fracture initiation toughness of two-dimensio

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9

Tsai, Heng Kuang, Yi Wei Lin, Fuh Kuo Chen, and Shi Wei Wang. "Design of an Experimental Device for Biaxial Tension Tests Used in a Uniaxial Test Machine." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.174.

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In the present study, a set of novel clamping apparatus that could deliver biaxial stretching motions with the use of a uniaxial tensile testing machine was designed and manufactured. The conversion of uniaxial motion into biaxial stretching motions is achieved by a sliding mechanism that consists of two blocks sliding in two mutually perpendicular grooves, respectively. During the biaxial tension test, a cross-shaped specimen sitting in the grooves are stretched by the two blocks driven by a pulling rod. The different stress ratios could be obtained by adjusting the groove surface shape and t

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10

Mokhtarishirazabad, Mehdi, Pablo Lopez-Crespo, and Belen Moreno. "The Effect of Overload on Crack Growth Behaviour in Biaxial Fatigue." MATEC Web of Conferences 165 (2018): 22034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816522034.

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This paper focus on the study of biaxial fatigue cracks based on a methodology that enables evaluation of the overload effect in fatigue. The methodology is based on the experimental evaluation via full-field technique of digital image correlation of the effective stress intensity factor and the crack opening displacement (COD). The tests were performed on cylindrical specimens made of low carbon steel subjected to tension-tension and a combination of tension and torsion loads. The experimental data was used to compare the crack growth behaviour with an overload cycle under uniaxial and biaxia

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Ma, Hai Ping, Jing Wang, Wei Shen Zhu, and Min Yong. "Influence of Joint Set with Different Angles on Rock Behaviour and Cavern Stability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 662–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.662.

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Using DDARF method, the uniaxial and biaxial compression experiments of double-fractured rock samples are numerically investigated. Influences of different fracture angles and confining pressures on behaviour of rock samples are studied. Moreover, the fracture process, the crack initiation stress, and the peak strength of the fractured rock under both uniaxial and biaxial compression tests are obtained. The results are used to obtain the strength envelope and to analyze the rock stability of an underground project as a case study.

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12

Forcellese, Archimede, Tommaso Mancia, and Michela Simoncini. "Tensile Behavior and Formability of Pre-Painted Steel Sheets." Metals 10, no. 1 (2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10010053.

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The present work aims at studying the tensile behavior and formability of pre-painted steel sheets. To this purpose, uniaxial tensile and hemispherical punch tests were performed in order to analyze the deformation behavior of pre-painted sheets under uniaxial stretching and biaxial balanced stretching conditions, respectively. Tests were interrupted in order to obtain different strain levels until fracture; at each strain level reached, the occurrence of superficial damages on the paint coating was detected; thinning of the different layers of the pre-painted sheet was also measured. It was o

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Pereira, António B., Fábio A. O. Fernandes, Alfredo B. de Morais, and João Maio. "Biaxial Testing Machine: Development and Evaluation." Machines 8, no. 3 (2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines8030040.

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Biaxial mechanical testing gained increased importance for characterization of materials that present anisotropic behavior and/or different responses when subjected to tensile and compression loadings. In this work, a new biaxial testing machine was developed. The various systems and components were designed, manufactured, assembled, and assessed. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed to validate the device, showing results consistent with those obtained on a universal testing machine. Finally, biaxial tensile tests were also performed on polypropylene cruciform specimens. The results revealed

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14

Keerthiwansa, Rohitha, Jakub Javořík, and Jan Kledrowetz. "Secondary Biaxial Data Application in a Process of a Hyperelastic Material Characterization." Materials Science Forum 952 (April 2019): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.952.275.

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In order to find hyperelastic material model constants, data fitting technique is often used. For this task, the data is collected through different laboratory tests, namely, the uniaxial, the biaxial and the pure shear. However, due to the difficulty in getting biaxial data, often only uniaxial data was used for the fitting. Despite frequent use, it was established that this practice creates erroneous results. With a view to improve the data fitting results and at the same time to overcome the difficulty of collecting primary biaxial data, uniaxial data was used to generate a secondary biaxia

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15

Omrani, Amine, Sébastien Langlois, Pierre Van Dyke, Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi, and Sébastien Lalonde. "Fatigue strength evaluation for individual strands of overhead conductors using a biaxial fretting fatigue test bench." MATEC Web of Conferences 300 (2019): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930006003.

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This paper presents a biaxial fretting fatigue test bench which provides the capability of performing fretting fatigue experiments on individual wires of a conductor combining the effect of both alternating tension and bending loadings to represent a more realistic state of a conductor individual strand under periodic loading caused by aeolian vibrations. Preliminary tests with only uniaxial alternating tension loading were carried out on 1350-H19 aluminum wires having the same mechanical and geometric characteristics as those of the ACSR Bersfort conductor aluminum strands. Different levels o

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16

Maček, Andraž, Bojan Starman, Nikolaj Mole, and Miroslav Halilovič. "Calibration of Advanced Yield Criteria Using Uniaxial and Heterogeneous Tensile Test Data." Metals 10, no. 4 (2020): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10040542.

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Conventionally, plastic anisotropy is calibrated by using standard uniaxial tensile and biaxial test results. Alternatively, heterogeneous strain field specimens in combination with full-field measurements can be used for this purpose. As reported by the literature, such an approach reduces the number of required tests enormously, but it is challenging to obtain reliable results. This paper presents an alternative methodology, which represents a compromise between the conventional and heterogeneous strain field calibration technique. The idea of the method is to use simple tests, which can be

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17

Zhang, Shun Ying, Lionel Leotoing, Dominique Guines, and Sandrine Thuillier. "Calibration of Material Parameters of Anisotropic Yield Criterion with Conventional Tests and Biaxial Test." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 2111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.2111.

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Bron and Besson yield criterion has been used to investigate the plastic anisotropic behavior of an aluminum alloy AA5086. The parameters of this anisotropic yield model have been identified by two different methods: a classical one, considering several homogeneous conventional experiments and an exploratory one, with only biaxial test. In this paper, the parameter identification with conventional experiments has been carried out with uniaxial tensile tests and simple shear tests in different orientations to the rolling direction and with a hydraulic bulge test. For comparison’s sake, Hill’s 4

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18

Hwang, Yeong-Maw, H. C. Chuang, and B. J. Chen. "Hydraulic Bulge Tests of Magnesium Tubes at Elevated Temperatures." Advanced Materials Research 83-86 (December 2009): 1135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.83-86.1135.

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Evaluation of the formability of tubes is an important issue in tube hydroforming processes. Since tubular materials during tube hydroforming are under a biaxial even triaxial stress state, other biaxial-stress-based testing methods are needed. In this paper, uniaxial tensile tests at different temperatures are firstly employed to evaluate the material properties of magnesium alloy AZ61 tubes. A hydraulic bulge warm forming machine, which is used for hydraulic bulge tests with a fixed tube length, is also designed and manufactured. Using this self-designed testing machine, experiments of bulge

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19

Mijoska, Aneta, та Mirjana Popovska. "Evaluation of Different in Vitro Testing Methods for Mechanical Properties of Veneer Ceramics/ Евалуација На Тестовите In Vitro За Одредување На Механичките Особини На Порцеланските Маси За Фасетирање". PRILOZI 36, № 1 (2015): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0050.

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Abstract Metal-ceramic and all-ceramic prosthetic restorations in the patient mouth are often damaged by esthetic and functional problems that reduce their success and longevity. Аim: To evaluate methods for testing mechanical characteristics of dental ceramics through analysis of different testing methods. Material and methods: Dental ceramic materials are tested with in vivo and in vitro methods for their most important mechanical characteristics: hardness, toughness, flexural strength and abrasion. In vitro testing methods are faster and more efficient, without subjective factors from the p

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Troiano, Edward, John H. Underwood, and Anthony P. Parker. "Finite Element Investigation of Bauschinger Effect in High-Strength A723 Pressure Vessel Steel." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 128, no. 2 (2006): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2172616.

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The Bauschinger effect has been evaluated in high-strength pressure vessels. A simple initial test suggested that a biaxial Bauschinger effect was present and that it was different from previously published uniaxial Bauschinger results. The difference was believed to be significant, so further investigation was undertaken. Several full-size A723 steel gun sections were heavily overstrained and subjected to slit tests in order to measure opening angles and displacements. These geometries were then modeled with finite element (FE) analysis using both ideal autofrettage stresses and Bauschinger m

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Ito, Yasumi, Akira Shimamoto, Tetsuya Nemoto, et al. "Fundamental Research on Fatigue Properties of Closed-Packed Hexagonal Lattice Metal under Biaxial Stress." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.167.

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Assisted living instruments and medical implants, such as wheelchairs and joint prostheses are usually subjected to biaxial or three-axial stresses instead of uniaxial stress. So, authors already developed a servo biaxial fatigue-testing machine, and clarified about the performance evaluation. Moreover, closed-packed hexagonal lattice metal, such as magnesium and titanium, is frequently used for assisted living instruments or medical implants. In this research, fatigue crack propagation tests of magnesium alloy AZ31B and pure titanium TP340C were conducted under conditions of biaxial and uniax

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CHEN, Fu-ming, Ze-hui JIANG, Ge WANG, and Hai-tao CHENG. "Mechanical properties of bamboo with diametric uniaxial and biaxial compression tests." JOURNAL OF SHENZHEN UNIVERSITY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 29, no. 6 (2012): 527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1249.2012.06527.

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Adeel, Yawar Jamil, Ahsan Irshad Muhammad, and Azmat Zeeshan. "Characterization of Hyperelastic (Rubber) Material Using Uniaxial and Biaxial Tension Tests." Advanced Materials Research 570 (September 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.570.1.

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Hyperelastic material simulation is necessary for proper testing of products functionality in cases where prototype testing is expensive or not possible. Hyperelastic material is nonlinear and more than one stress-strain response of the material is required for its characterization. The study was focused on prediction of hyperelastic behavior of rubber neglecting the viscoelastic and creep effects in rubber. To obtain the stress strain response of rubber, uniaxial and biaxial tension tests were performed. The data obtained from these tests was utilized to find the coefficients of Mooney-Rivlin

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Ban, Ehsan, Hailong Wang, J. Matthew Franklin, Jan T. Liphardt, Paul A. Janmey, and Vivek B. Shenoy. "Strong triaxial coupling and anomalous Poisson effect in collagen networks." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 14 (2019): 6790–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1815659116.

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While cells within tissues generate and sense 3D states of strain, the current understanding of the mechanics of fibrous extracellular matrices (ECMs) stems mainly from uniaxial, biaxial, and shear tests. Here, we demonstrate that the multiaxial deformations of fiber networks in 3D cannot be inferred solely based on these tests. The interdependence of the three principal strains gives rise to anomalous ratios of biaxial to uniaxial stiffness between 8 and 9 and apparent Poisson’s ratios larger than 1. These observations are explained using a microstructural network model and a coarse-grained c

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Mase, G. T. "Biaxial Characterization of Carbon/Epoxy Unidirectional and Quasi-Isotropic Composites." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 113, no. 3 (1991): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905803.

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An experimental test program is described in which biaxial failure envelopes were generated for unidirectional [0]8 and quasi-isotropic [0/+45/90/−45]s specimens made from Toray T800HY/3910 graphite/epoxy. Data was generated in all four quadrants of the biaxial stress plane. Fiber direction failure strengths were also found by uniaxial tension and compression tests. The quasi-isotropic compressive failure strengths are approximately 50 percent of the tensile strengths. Failure strengths in the tension-tension quadrant were essentially the same as previous tubular specimen tests made of a simil

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Aoyagi, Yoshiteru, Atsushi Sagara, Chihiro Watanabe, Masakazu Kobayashi, Yoshikazu Todaka, and Hiromi Miura. "Crystal Plasticity Simulation Considering Microstructures of Austenitic Stainless Steel on Macroscopic Yield Function." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.212.

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In this study, yield surfaces of austenitic stainless steel produced by a cold-rolling process are measured using uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests. Using results obtained by electron backscatter diffraction, information on crystal orientation is introduced into a computational model for a multiscale crystal plasticity simulation. Finite element simulations for polycrystal of fine-grained austenitic stainless steel under biaxial tension are performed in order to predict yield surfaces of fine-grained austenitic stainless steel. Validity of predicted yield surfaces is evaluated by comparison b

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Lee, Ho Sung, Jong Hoon Yoon, and Joon Tae Yoo. "An Experimental Study on Elevated Temperature Biaxial Bulge Test." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 539–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.539.

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By using biaxial bulge test, it is possible to predict sheet metal forming behavior during hot forming process. The purpose of this study is to obtain materials parameters for elevated temperature forming condition during biaxial bulge test of a nickel base superalloy in hemispherical die. At constant gas pressure, the strain rate in which the metal sheet experiences varies and therefore the strain rate sensitivity can be obtained in a single loading. Biaxial bulge tests on superalloy metal sheet were performed and results are in satisfactory agreement with uniaxial test results at elevated te

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Lepsik, Petr, Vitezslav Fliegel, and Ales Lufinka. "Effect of Dynamic Biaxial Loading of Car Seats." Processes 10, no. 12 (2022): 2483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10122483.

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The aim of this article is to determine the effect of the biaxial loading of a car seat, in vertical and horizontal directions, on seating comfort. We measured the transfer characteristic in the vertical direction with a free load. The method of laboratory testing of the car seat was chosen due to the simple repetition of the tests, ensuring the same test conditions, with high accuracy of their reproduction. To determine the effect, tests with uniaxial loading were compared with tests with biaxial loading. The resulting characteristic was the transfer characteristic in the vertical direction.

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Yin, Yunlei, and Jie Xiong. "Effect of the Distribution of Fiber Orientation on the Mechanical Properties of Silk Fibroin/Polycaprolactone Nanofiber Mats." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 12, no. 3 (2017): 155892501701200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501701200303.

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In this study, Silk Fibroin (SF)/Polycaprolactone (PCL) composite nanofiber mats were fabricated using an electrostatic spinning technology employing different drum rotation speeds. The morphology and tensile performance of the resulting nanofiber mats were characterized using thermal field emission scanning electron microscopy, multi-layer image fusion technology, pore size distribution analysis and uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests. The analytical results showed that the drum rotation speed had little effect on the diameter of the nanofibers, but it did effect the physical orientation of th

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Shimamoto, Akira, Do Yeon Hwang, and Tetsuya Nemoto. "Development of Biaxial Servo Controlled Fatigue Testing System." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.57.

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Destructive accident sometimes takes place though the equivalent stress is rather low in the viewpoint of strength of materials. The propagation of fatigue cracks under multi-axial stress state and cycling load gives the reason. Fatigue fracture has been considered as one of the most commonly encountered industrial problems that lead to the damage of components in engineering products. In general, the machine structure is always under stress concentration or stress cycles. Moreover, the structure material is usually under two axes or multi-axial stresses instead of uniaxial stress state. It is

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Repper, Julia, Markus Niffenegger, Steven van Petegem, Werner Wagner, and Helena van Swygenhoven. "In Situ Biaxial Mechanical Testing at the Neutron Time-of-Flight Diffractometer POLDI." Materials Science Forum 768-769 (September 2013): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.768-769.60.

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Complex strain paths are often applied to materials during production processes. This paper shows the first successful in-situ biaxial mechanical tests during neutron diffraction performed on a cruciform steel sample and reports on the differences compared to uniaxial deformation. Digital image correlation is demonstrated to be an appropriate tool to monitor spatially resolved the macroscopic straining. The new, modular biaxial machine that will be installed at the neutron diffractometer POLDI is presented.

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Nikas, Dimitrios, and Johan Ahlström. "High temperature bi-axial low cycle fatigue behaviour of railway wheel steel." MATEC Web of Conferences 300 (2019): 07001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930007001.

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One of the most important aspects in railway operation is the interaction between rail and wheel. Railway wheels are commonly made from medium carbon steels (∼ 0.55 wt.% C), heat treated to a near pearlitic microstructure with some 5–10% pro-eutectoid ferrite. During the operation of freight trains, where block brakes are used, high thermal loads are evolved because of recurring braking and occasional slippage. Thus the combination of mechanical and thermal loads leads to changes in the mechanical properties of the material. The focus of the current investigation is to evaluate the mechanical

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Ito, Yasumi, and Akira Shimamoto. "Fatigue Crack Propagation of Magnesium Alloy and Aluminum Alloy in Biaxial Stress Fields." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.599.

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In this research, fatigue crack propagation tests of magnesium alloy AZ31B and aluminum alloy 2024T3 were conducted under conditions of biaxial and uniaxial loading by using a cruciform specimen in a biaxial fatigue machine, in order to investigate the effect of non-singular stress cycling. From these comprehensive experiments, in the magnesium alloy, the remarkable effect was found in the specific biaxial load stress ratio RB (= σx 0/σy 0) on KI-da/dN relation. On the other hand, in the aluminum alloy, it was confirmed that there is no influence of a RB on KI-da/dN relation.

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Bressan, José Divo, and Ricardo Kirchoff Unfer. "Experimental Waviness Evolution of Interstitial Free - IF Steel Sheet under Biaxial Stretching." Key Engineering Materials 651-653 (July 2015): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.651-653.102.

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The purpose of present study is to present experimental results and a mathematical model for the evolution of surface waviness parameters with plastic strain of Interstitial Free - IF steel sheet under uniaxial and biaxial stretching tests. Roughness and waviness are very important quality parameters to be evaluated in sheet metal forming. Various waviness profile parameters such as the arithmetic average waviness Wa, the total height peak-valley waviness Wt, maximum peak height Pp and maximum valley depth Pv were measured during uniaxial and biaxial tests. Tensile test specimens at 0º, 45º an

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Aligholizadeh, E., M. Yazdani, and H. Sabouri. "Modeling hyperviscoelastic behavior of elastomeric materials (HDPE/POE blend) at different dynamic biaxial and uniaxial tensile strain rates by a new dynamic tensile-loading mechanism." Journal of Elastomers & Plastics 52, no. 4 (2019): 285–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095244319847502.

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This article presents a new model developed to investigate hyperviscoelastic behavior of elastomeric materials/polyolefin elastomers (HDPE/POE blend) under dynamic biaxial and uniaxial tensile loading. Various strain energy functions (SEF) have been used in this model, and their capability to predict hyperelastic behavior of the aforementioned materials was validated by experimental data. In the experimental part, a new dynamic tensile-loading mechanism was designed and developed to be mounted on a drop-weight impact-testing machine. As a novelty, this mechanism has the ability to perform eith

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Stewart, S. F. C., and D. J. Lyman. "Finite Elasticity Modeling of the Biaxial and Uniaxial Properties of Compliant Vascular Grafts." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 110, no. 4 (1988): 344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3108451.

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Compliant vascular grafts were modeled by finite elasticity theory. A linear, biaxial model satisfactorily described the stress-strain behavior in inflation tests, where the sample length was fixed longitudinally and inflated. The model was then used to predict the behavior in a longitudinal test (where the longitudinal stretch was varied while keeping the pressure zero), and in a uniaxial test of a circumferential strip. The model satisfactorily predicted the longitudinal Young’s modulus measured in the longitudinal test. The model was less successful in predicting the circumferential Young’s

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Banerjee, Dilip, Mark Iadicola, Adam Creuziger, and Tim Foecke. "Finite Element Modeling of Deformation Behavior of Steel Specimens under Various Loading Scenarios." Key Engineering Materials 651-653 (July 2015): 969–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.651-653.969.

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Lightweighting materials (e.g., advanced high strength steels, aluminum alloys etc.) are increasingly being used by automotive companies as sheet metal components. However, accurate material models are needed for wider adoption. These constitutive material data are often developed by applying biaxial strain paths with cross-shaped (cruciform) specimens. Optimizing the design of specimens is a major goal in which finite element (FE) analysis can play a major role. However, verification of FE models is necessary. Calibrating models against uniaxial tensile tests is a logical first step. In the p

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Manas, Pavel, Radek Vrana, Zdenek Hejmal, and Branislav Dubec. "Determination of the Material Properties of Recycled Rubber for Explicit FEM Simulation." Key Engineering Materials 755 (September 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.755.1.

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Recycled rubber materials are one of cheap and suitable materials for energy absorbers in protective structures. Standard tests of elastomers in uniaxial or biaxial tension is not suitable and efficient for energy absorbers made of recycled car tires. Simple compression test and simple impact test are described material properties from those tests are determined and compared with simulation in ANSYS/AUTODYN.

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Moslemi, Navid, Mohsen Gol Zardian, Amran Ayob, Norizah Redzuan, and Sehun Rhee. "Evaluation of Sensitivity and Calibration of the Chaboche Kinematic Hardening Model Parameters for Numerical Ratcheting Simulation." Applied Sciences 9, no. 12 (2019): 2578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9122578.

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Ratcheting failure of materials and structures subjected to low cycle fatigue in the presence of significant mean stress is of great interest to researchers. In this experimental and numerical study, the response of 316L stainless steel samples was observed in symmetric strain control uniaxial test followed by post-stabilized monotonic test, uniaxial and biaxial ratcheting tests, in order to determine the Chaboche model parameters and to evaluate ratcheting prediction using finite element analysis. The critical elastic limit was initially obtained from incremental uniaxial cyclic tests. The Ch

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Ishiwatari, Akinobu, Hirotaka Kano, Jiro Hiramoto, and Toru Inazumi. "Improvement on CAE Model for Accurate Torsional Springback Prediction in High Strength Steel Part Forming." Key Engineering Materials 504-506 (February 2012): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.504-506.437.

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It is difficult to predict springback, torsion in particular, with great accuracy by FE simulation. In this study, the effects of anisotropic yield functions of the blank and elastic deformation of the tools on springback are investigated in order to improve the accuracy of torsional springback prediction in high strength steel part forming. The effects of anisotropic yield functions on the torsional springback in curved hat forming were compared, using parameter sets derived from various experimental methods: uniaxial tensile tests only; hydrostatic bulge tests and uniaxial tension tests; uni

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Lei, Jin Sheng, Fei Liu, Gang Peng, and Min Lei. "The Test of Dynamic Characteristics of Concrete under Biaxial Compression State." Advanced Materials Research 859 (December 2013): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.859.177.

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Concrete structure in reality mostly in complicated stress state, dynamic characteristics and static characteristics under earthquakes and other dynamic loads are very different. For a further understanding of the dynamic characteristics of the concrete, true triaxial testing machine system was used to the C30 concrete at different strain rates and different side of the cube concrete specimens stress biaxial dynamic compression tests. Biaxial stress state concrete elasticity modulus, peak stress, peak strain, was obtained by the experimental study, and carries on the comparative analysis. Resu

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Melcher, David, Moritz Bätge, and Sebastian Neßlinger. "A novel rotor blade fatigue test setup with elliptical biaxial resonant excitation." Wind Energy Science 5, no. 2 (2020): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-675-2020.

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Abstract. The full-scale fatigue test of rotor blades is an important and complex part of the development of new wind turbines. It is often done for certification according to the current IEC (2014) and DNV GL AS (2015) standards. Typically, a new blade design is tested by separate uniaxial fatigue tests in both main directions of the blade, i.e. flapwise and lead lag. These tests are time-consuming and rather expensive due to the high number of load cycles required, up to 5 million. Therefore, it is important to run the test as efficiently as possible. During fatigue testing, the rotor blade

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Panich, Sansot. "Constitutive Modeling of Advanced High Strength Steels Characterized by Uniaxial and Biaxial Experiments." Advanced Materials Research 849 (November 2013): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.849.207.

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Anisotropic plastic behavior of advanced high strength steel sheets of grade DP780 and DP980 were investigated using three different yield functions, namely, the von Mises, Hills 48 and Barlat2000 (Yld2000-2d) criteria. Uniaxial tensile and balanced biaxial (hydraulic bulge) tests were conducted for the examined steels in order to characterize flow behavior and plastic anisotropy for different stress states. Additionally, disk compression and In-plane biaxial tension tests were performed for obtaining balanced r-value of DP780 and DP980, respectively. All these data were used to determine the

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Ghazimoradi, Mehdi, Valter Carvelli, Naim Naouar, and Philippe Boisse. "Experimental measurements and numerical modelling of the mechanical behaviour of a glass plain weave composite reinforcement." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 39, no. 1-2 (2019): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684419868846.

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The study deals with the mechanical behaviour of a glass plain weave composite reinforcement. The experimental activities were focused mainly on uniaxial and biaxial extension tests. Besides, in-plane shear deformation was measured by bias extension test, and for the sake of completeness out-of-plane bending behaviour. In the numerical study, a hyperelastic constitutive model for the yarn material was adopted and validated for the meso scale prediction of the mechanical behaviour of the glass plain weave reinforcement. The model was validated for biaxial tensile and in-plane shear deformation.

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Zhu, Huai Liang, Li Feng Yu, Jing Ni, Xue Wang, and Ren An Luo. "Testing and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties for Anisotropic Engineering Materials with Varied Loads." Key Engineering Materials 544 (March 2013): 471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.544.471.

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This paper is aimed at investigating the influence of load-bearing style on the mechanical behavior of anisotropic engineering materials. The study on elastic constants and failure forms of materials will be presented under different loading condition. Firstly, the mechanical properties of unidirectional holey laminated materials are discussed based on the uniaxial tensile tests. The equivalent elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio and shear modulus are obtained, and the pattern and mechanism of failure are analyzed. Then, the biaxial tensile tests are carried out for PVC orthotropic membrane mater

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Lanir, Y., O. Lichtenstein, and O. Imanuel. "Optimal Design of Biaxial Tests for Structural Material Characterization of Flat Tissues." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 118, no. 1 (1996): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2795944.

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A rational methodology is developed for optimal design of biaxial stretch tests intended for estimating material parameters of flat tissues. It is applied to a structural model with a variety of constitutive equations and test protocols, and for a wide range of parameter levels. The results show nearly identical optimal designs under all circumstances. Optimality is obtained with two uniaxial stretch tests at mutually normal directions inclined by 22.5 deg to the axes of material symmetry. Protocols which include additional equibiaxial tests provide superior estimation with lower variance of e

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Ito, Yasumi, and Akira Shimamoto. "Effect of Microstructure on Fatigue Crack Growth Resistance of Magnesium Alloy under Biaxial Stress." Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 1559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.1559.

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Fatigue crack propagation tests are conducted on magnesium alloy, cruciform specimens under biaxial and uniaxial loadings by using the biaxial fatigue tester which was developed by the authors. We investigate the effect of microstructures of specimens on fatigue crack growth resistance under biaxial stresses. From electron-microscope observations of a fatigue fracture and microstructure observations, it becomes clear that the mechanical properties of a magnesium-alloy, AZ31B, are greatly influenced by the diameter of crystal grains. We find that static tensile strength falls by heat-treating i

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Ito, Yasumi, and Akira Shimamoto. "Effects of Biaxial Stress Condition for Fatigue Properties of Magnesium Alloy." Materials Science Forum 488-489 (July 2005): 859–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.488-489.859.

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Fatigue crack propagation tests of magnesium alloy were conducted under conditions of biaxial and uniaxial loading by using a cruciform specimen with the biaxial fatigue tester. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of biaxial stress on the fatigue crack growth properties ⊿KⅠ-da/dN. From these comprehensive experiments, the remarkable effect was found in the specific biaxiality ratio σx 0/σy 0 on the ⊿KⅠ-da/dN relationship. When biaxiality ratio was 0.5, it turned out that the fatigue crack propagation velocity of a magnesium alloy becomes very slow. In other biaxiality ratios

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Souto, Nelson, Sandrine Thuillier, and António Andrade-Campos. "Development of a Global Indicator to Assess Mechanical Tests." Key Engineering Materials 651-653 (July 2015): 883–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.651-653.883.

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Full-field measurement methods have emerged in the last years and these methods are characterized by directly providing displacement and strain fields for all points over the specimen surface. Thus, the design of heterogeneous tests can be performed for material parameter identification purposes since the inhomogeneous strain fields can be measured. However, (i) no defined criterion yet exists for designing new heterogeneous tests, (ii) it is rather difficult to compare and rate different tests and (iii) a quantitative way to define the best test for material behavior characterization of sheet

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Milička, Karel, and Ferdinand Dobeš. "Relation between Uniaxial and Equi-Biaxial Creep and Creep Fracture Behaviour in P91 Steel." Materials Science Forum 482 (April 2005): 407–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.482.407.

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Conventional uniaxial creep tests on massive specimens and small punch creep tests on thin discs were performed on P91 steel at temperatures from 823 to 873 K. The shapes of corresponding time dependences, i. e., creep curves and time dependence of the disc deflection, are very similar. A simple linear relationship between the applied stress in creep tests and the acting force in small punch tests leading to identical times to rupture was empirically derived. The proportionality factor reaches a value close to values observed in other creep-resistant ferritic steels.

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