Journal articles: 'Uniaxial compression testing'

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Jerabek, M., Z. Major, and R. W. Lang. "Uniaxial compression testing of polymeric materials." Polymer Testing 29, no. 3 (May 2010): 302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2009.12.003.

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Li, Zong Zhan, Jun Lin Tao, and Yi Li. "Experimental Research on Acoustic Emission of Granite under Uniaxial Compression and Splitting Tensile." Applied Mechanics and Materials 232 (November 2012): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.232.24.

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This paper makes the acoustic emission of granite under uniaxial compression and splitting tensile test by electro-hydraulic testing machine and AE .We studied the relationship of uniaxial compressive strength and splitting tensile strength with the loading rate and AE characteristics of granite .The results show that uniaxial compressive strength and peak strain raise with loading rate, the AE energy gradually increases and get maximum in the 30% of the peak stress in the process of uniaxial compression test, and in the splitting tensile AE energy generates in the initial loading and gets maximum when the granite brittle fracture.

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FUKUI, Katsunori, Seisuke OKUBO, and Takafumi TERASHIMA. "Electromagnetic Wave Emission in Uniaxial Compression Testing." Shigen-to-Sozai 117, no. 9 (2001): 703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2473/shigentosozai.117.703.

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Bürckert, Michael, Nicolas J. Briot, and T. John Balk. "Uniaxial compression testing of bulk nanoporous gold." Philosophical Magazine 97, no. 15 (February 21, 2017): 1157–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2017.1292060.

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Stimpson, B., and Rui Chen. "Measurement of rock elastic moduli in tension and in compression and its practical significance." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 30, no. 2 (April 1, 1993): 338–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t93-028.

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The moduli of deformation of rock in tension and in compression are generally assumed equal. However, many rocks show different deformation properties when loaded in tension and in compression. This property is usually referred to as bimodularity. In this paper, a new testing technique in which moduli in both tension and compression can be measured on the same specimen in the same compressive loading frame is described. Testing results from halite, potash, granite, and limestone indicate that moduli in compression and in tension are different for at least three of these materials. The new testing technique is validated against the standard uniaxial tension and uniaxial compression tests on potash and halite. Also, results from granite by the new testing technique are comparable with previously published data. The practical significance of rock bimodularity is discussed as well. It is demonstrated that this property significantly influences the deflection and stress distribution in a simple beam problem. Bimodularity also influences the interpretation of indirect rock tension test results and the prediction of roof deflection in underground openings. Ignoring bimodularity overestimates rock tensile strength in most of the indirect rock tension tests and underestimates roof deflection. Key words : rock, elastic modulus, bimodularity, testing technique.

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Cui, Feng-kun, Huai-shuai Shang, Tie-jun Zhao, Guo-xi Fan, and Guo-sheng Ren. "Mechanical and Failure Criteria of Air-Entrained Concrete under Triaxial Compression Load after Rapid Freeze-Thaw Cycles." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6786270.

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The experiment study on the air-entrained concrete of 100 mm cubes under triaxial compression with different intermediate stress ratioα2=σ2D : σ3Dwas carried out using a hydraulic-servo testing system. The influence of rapid freeze-thaw cycles and intermediate stress ratio on the triaxial compressive strengthσ3Dwas analyzed according to the experimental results, respectively. The experimental results of air-entrained concrete obtained from the study in this paper and the triaxial compression experimental results of plain concrete got through the same triaxial-testing-system were compared and analyzed. The conclusion was that the triaxial compressive strength is greater than the biaxial and uniaxial compressive strength after the same rapid freeze-thaw cycles, and the increased percentage of triaxial compressive strength over biaxial compressive strength or uniaxial compressive strength is dependent on the middle stress. The experimental data is useful for precise analysis of concrete member or concrete structure under the action complex stress state.

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Vračević, Doris, Sanja Dugonjić Jovančević, Josip Peranić, and Marko Hodanić. "Determination of Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Limestone." Zbornik radova 22, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32762/zr.22.1.8.

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The most used parameter in rock engineering practice is the Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS). It is often estimated on the field or trough Index-to-strength conversion factors proposed by various researchers for a specific rock type. The research presented in the paper involved field estimation of Uniaxial Compressive Strength using Schmidt rebound hammer and Point Load laboratory testing on limestone rock samples. The results of the estimated UCS were compared to the Uniaxial Compression Strength laboratory testing results on limestone specimens taken from the same location, in order to compare corresponding UCS of limestone rocks. These results can contribute to better estimation of the local design parameters, when direct determination of the UCS in the laboratory is not possible, rather than adopting the values from around the world case studies.

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Witkin, David, Bing Q. Han, and Enrique J. Lavernia. "Microstructural Evolution of an Ultrafine-grained Cryomilled Al 5083 Alloy During Thermomechanical Processing." Journal of Materials Research 20, no. 8 (August 1, 2005): 2117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0261.

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The microstructural changes in cryomilled and consolidated Al 5083 following compression testing at several temperatures are described. Prior to testing, the material had an average grain size of approximately 138 nm and exhibited a duplex microstructure, containing coarse grains between 500 and 2000 nm. After uniaxial compressive deformation at temperatures between 423 and 573 K (0.49–0.66 Tm), the average grain size increased to between 200 and 300 nm, consistent with the average grain size of extrusions formed from the same material at similar temperatures. The similarity in grain size distribution following uniaxial compression or extrusion despite differences in total strain and stress state imposed by each indicates that much of the deformation in the extrusion process occurs in coarse-grained regions.

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Adami, J. N., D. Bolsch, J. Bressers, E. Fenske, and M. Steen. "Uniaxial tension and cyclic tension-compression testing of ceramics." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 7, no. 4 (January 1991): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-2219(91)90024-t.

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Xia, Wei, Erlei Bai, Jinyu Xu, and Gaojie Liu. "Experimental Study on the Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Concrete under True Triaxial Compression after Sulfate Attack." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (April 14, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5548313.

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To explore the mechanical properties of concrete under true triaxial static compressive load after sulfate attack, uniaxial static compression test and true triaxial static compression test at four stress ratios were carried out on concrete specimens immersed in 15% sulfate solution for 0–120 days by the integrated true triaxial static and dynamic load testing system, and the variation of performance indicators such as the strength and deformation of concrete under the coupling action of sulfate attack and complex stress state was analyzed. The results show that the uniaxial compressive strength of concrete increases at the beginning and then decreases with the increase of sulfate attack time and reaches the peak on the 30th day, with an increase rate of 16.57%; the strength of concrete under triaxial compression increases significantly, and the maximum triaxial compressive strength is 3.18 times of uniaxial compressive strength under the combination of 0-day sulfate attack and 0.2 : 0.8 stress ratio; and the deterioration of concrete under sulfate attack is more prominent at high confining pressure, and as the sulfate attack worsens, the sensitivity of triaxial compressive strength of concrete to lateral compressive stress is reduced. In conclusion, triaxial compression can significantly enhance the ductility of concrete by playing a role in restraining the deformation and cracking of concrete after sulfate attack.

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Koukis, G., N. Sabatakakis, and S. Papanakli. "Laboratory testing properties of sandstones." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, no. 4 (January 1, 2007): 1695. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.17083.

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The aim of this paper is to determine the geotechnical properties of clastic sedimentary rocks and especially sandstones which constitute a great part of the flysch formation. Laboratory tests were conducted in samples collected from different sites in western Greece. Physical and mechanical properties were determined including porosity (n), dry density (pf), sound velocities (Vp, Vs), point loading strength (IS(so)) and uniaxial compressive strength (ac). Additionally, the material constant m„ an input parameter for the Hoek and Brown failure criterion, was estimated by analyzing the results from a series of triaxial compression tests under different confining pressures. Regression analyses were also applied to define the relations among the obtained parameters

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Yan, Chun Ling, De Xin Ding, Yi Qun Tang, and Zhong Wei Bi. "Testing of Strength Parameters and Deformation Parameters of Surrounding Rock and their Distributions." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 1360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.1360.

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Cores were taken from the hanging wall of the III -1 ore body at Kangjiawan Lead, Zinc and Gold Mine. 50 samples for compression and tension tests were fabricated. 50 compressive and 50 tensile strength values were obtained by RMT-150B testing systems. The probability distributions for the compressive and tensile strength were tested by the hypothesis test method. It proves that uniaxial compressive strength follows normal distribution and tensile strength follows the lognormal distribution. And it proves that elastic modulus and Poson’s ratio follow normal distribution. 50 pairs of cohesion and internal friction angle were obtained by randomly drawing a uniaxial compressive and tensile strength samples from 50 measured values. Cohesion follows lognormal distribution and internal friction angle follows normal distribution through hypothesis test method. With the results, some references can be conveniently provided for prediction of the strength and distribution of similar rocks in related geotechnical projects.

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Lei, Jin Sheng, You Wei Zeng, Gang Peng, and Qian Feng Wang. "Dynamic Properties of Steel Fiber Concrete under the Action of Noncyclic Variable Amplitude Load." Applied Mechanics and Materials 482 (December 2013): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.482.20.

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Uniaxial dynamic compression tests were carried out on the triaxial testing machine to investigate the effect of noncyclic variable amplitude load. The characteristic of steel fiber concrete and differences among static uniaxial loading testing and dynamic uniaxial testing were studied systematically. It is shown that both the strain and the stress are directly proportional to the cycle frequency. Meanwhile, as the cycle amplitude increases, the irreversible plastic deformation increases gradually. And increasing the strain ranges, the stress strain curve becomes sparser. The comparison tests indicate that the peak stress relies on the loading modes. Under noncyclic variable amplitude load, the peak stress is higher than that of the static uniaxial load testing and the dynamic uniaxial testing, but the peak stress of the type corresponding to different frequency shows no evident difference.

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Ouedraogo, Evariste, Mohsen Roosefid, Nicolas Prompt, and Cyrille Deteuf. "Refractory concretes uniaxial compression behaviour under high temperature testing conditions." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 31, no. 15 (December 2011): 2763–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.07.017.

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Moslet, P. O. "Field testing of uniaxial compression strength of columnar sea ice." Cold Regions Science and Technology 48, no. 1 (April 2007): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2006.08.025.

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Smith, K. K., and M. E. Kassner. "Through-Thickness Compression Testing of Commercially Pure (Grade II) Titanium Thin Sheet to Large Strains." Journal of Metallurgy 2016 (October 9, 2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6178790.

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This study examined the through-thickness (z-direction) compressive stress versus strain behavior of 99.76% commercially pure (grade II) titanium sheet with relatively small grain size. The current study complemented earlier compression studies by examining a very thin (1.60 mm) sheet and deforming the Ti by successive compression tests to relatively large strains. The low aspect ratio, of the compression specimens extracted from the sheet, led to frictional effects that can create high triaxial stresses complicating the uniaxial stress versus strain behavior analysis. Nonetheless, reasonable estimates were made of the through-thickness large-strain behavior of a commercially pure (grade II) thin Ti sheet to relatively large true strains of about 1.0.

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Ni, Xiao Hui, and Xiao Juan Li. "Statistical Macro- and Meso-Damage Study on Marble under Uniaxial Compression Based on SEM Equipment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (September 2011): 1513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.1513.

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A meso-mechanical testing scheme based on scanning electron microscopy(SEM) is developed to carry out the experiment of microfracturing process of rocks. The microfracturing process of the sample on surrounding rock in immerged Long-big tunnel in Jinping Cascade II Hydropower Station under uniaxial compression is recorded by using the testing scheme. According to digital image processing theory, the meso-structural information of rock microfracture such as length, angle, area, etc are obtained from SEM images. Then, the meso-structural information of microfracturing process under uniaxial compress is analysized and the distribution regularities of microfracture parameters are generalized extreme value distribution with variable parameters. The process was described of the damage from the perspectives of macro-and micro-scale under the uniaxial compression loads.

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Cui, Kai, and Shupeng Fan. "Indoor direct shear and uniaxial compression testing of polymer-modified silt." Cluster Computing 22, S3 (October 27, 2017): 5447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10586-017-1275-8.

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Guo, Zi Hong, Qian Tao, Bao Xian Liu, Chao Luo, Li Meng, and Hai Yang Xu. "Rock’s Acoustic Emission and Damage Deformation Characteristic in Uniaxial Compression Condition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.486.

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Rock’s uniaxial compression test is completed and the datum is analyzed, then relationship between loading time and AE amplitude, AE counts sum, AE total energy’s released rate come out. Rock’s critical damage is defined which equal result of one minus ratios of residual strength to critical strength. Based on strain equivalence discipline, damage constitutive models related with acoustic emission characteristic are set up. With damage constitutive models established with AE counts sum and AE total energy serving as damage variables respectively and testing datum, the relationship between rock’s damage and stress and strain is described. Then conclusions come out: 1) damage constitutive model with AE counts sum serving as damage variable manifest rock’s damage increasing process and accords with testing result better; 2) theoretical curve is well consistent with testing curve at rock’s peak strength zone.

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Sharma, Varun, Nenad Grujovic, Fatima Zivic, and Vukasin Slavkovic. "Influence of Porosity on the Mechanical Behavior during Uniaxial Compressive Testing on Voronoi-Based Open-Cell Aluminium Foam." Materials 12, no. 7 (March 29, 2019): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071041.

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We have studied an application of the Voronoi tessellation method in the modeling of open-cell aluminium foam under uniaxial compressive loading. The Voronoi code was merged with computer-aided design (CAD) for converting the polyhedral model into an irregular open-cell cellular structure to create porous samples for compression testing simulations. Numerical simulations of the uniaxial compression uniformly over the upper surface of the sample in the z-axis direction at a constant 20 N load was realised. Samples with three different porosities (30%, 60% and 80%) were studied. A nonlinear elasto-plastic material model with perfect plasticity, without hardening, based on the von Mises yield criterion was applied below 10% strain. Corresponding stress–strain curves were observed and the influence of porosity on deformation mechanism was discussed. Samples with higher porosity exhibited significantly higher normal stress under the same load, and increased stress plateaus. An increase of porosity produced an increase of both compressive and tensile stresses and struts exhibited complex stress fields. Voronoi-based modeling was in accordance with experimental results in the literature in the case of the quasi-static condition and linear elastic region (below 1% strain). Further study is necessary to enable the simulation of real dynamic behaviour under all deformation regimes by using the Voronoi tessellation method.

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Guo, Hui, Chunjiang Lu, Yu Chen, Junlin Tao, and Longyang Chen. "Thermal–Mechanical Coupling Behavior of Directional Polymethylmethacrylate under Tension and Compression." Polymers 10, no. 11 (November 16, 2018): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10111279.

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In this work, the quasi-static and dynamic mechanical behavior of directional polymethylmethacrylate is investigated under conditions of uniaxial compression and tension. The main purpose of this investigation is to discuss the effect of strain rate and temperature on the deformation characteristics and failure of such material. Research was carried out with the use of an electric universal testing machine and split Hopkinson bars, which were equipped with high- and low-temperature control systems. The experimental methods for studying the tensile and compressive response of polymer materials under different testing conditions were validated by one-dimensional stress wave theory and digital-image correlation technique. The finite deformation stress–strain behaviors of the samples under different loading condition were obtained with a constant temperature ranging from 218 to 373 K. The experimental results showed that the uniaxial tensile and compressive behaviors of directional polymethylmethacrylate under finite deformation are strongly dependent on temperature, decreased tensile and compressive stress of the material under different strain levels, and increased temperature. Meanwhile, the dynamic tensile and compressive stresses of the material are much higher than the quasi-static stresses, showing the strain-rate strengthening effect. Moreover, the tensile and compressive mechanical behavior of directional polymethylmethacrylate has significant asymmetry. Finally, a visco-hyperelastic model is established to predict the rate-dependence mechanical behavior of directional polymethylmethacrylate at different temperatures.

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Dhoska, Klodian, Saimir Tola, Agus Pramono, and Indrit Vozga. "Evaluation of measurement uncertainty for the determination of the mechanical resistance of the brick samples by using uniaxial compressive strength test." International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering 9 (2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2018012.

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Clay bricks are the most important engineering materials that can influence the quality of the construction. The quality control of the clay bricks is of prime importance to improve the quality of engineering construction. The qualities of bricks for construction applications should be checked for various types of inspection services. In this article, our inspection service was focused on compression strength test on bricks to determine their mechanical resistance and suitability for construction work. The accurate method for clay brick's production measurements has been elaborated using uniaxial compressive strength testing machine. The method was tested for a rectangular clay brick manufactured with size approximately 250 mm × 250 mm × 200 mm. The measurement method and standard uncertainty estimation of uniaxial compressive strength are briefly described in this article.

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Westbrook, Kristofer K., Francisco Castro, Kevin N. Long, Andrew J. Slifka, and H. Jerry Qi. "Improved testing system for thermomechanical experiments on polymers using uniaxial compression equipment." Polymer Testing 29, no. 4 (June 2010): 503–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2010.02.011.

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Zhou, P., E. Beeh, and H. E. Friedrich. "A Novel Testing Method for Uniaxial Compression of Thin-Sheet Magnesium Alloys." Experimental Mechanics 56, no. 3 (October 27, 2015): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-015-0095-0.

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Bragov, Anatoly, Leonid Igumnov, Francesco dell’Isola, Alexander Konstantinov, Andrey Lomunov, and Tatiana Iuzhina. "Dynamic Testing of Lime-Tree (Tilia Europoea) and Pine (Pinaceae) for Wood Model Identification." Materials 13, no. 22 (November 20, 2020): 5261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225261.

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The paper presents the results of dynamic testing of two wood species: lime-tree (Tilia europoea) and pine (Pinaceae). The dynamic compressive tests were carried out using the traditional Kolsky method in compression tests. The Kolsky method was modified for testing the specimen in a rigid limiting holder. In the first case, stress–strain diagrams for uniaxial stress state were obtained, while in the second, for uniaxial deformation. To create the load a gas gun was used. According to the results of the experiments, dynamic stress–strain diagrams were obtained. The limiting strength and deformation characteristics were determined. The fracture energy of lime and pine depending on the type of test was also obtained. The strain rates and stress growth rates were determined. The influence of the cutting angle of the specimens relative to the grain was noted. Based on the results obtained, the necessary parameters of the wood model were determined and their adequacy was assessed by using a special verification experiment.

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Trzepiecinski, Tomasz, and Magdalena Gromada. "Characterization of mechanical properties of barium titanate ceramics with different grain sizes." Materials Science-Poland 36, no. 1 (May 18, 2018): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msp-2018-0009.

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AbstractIn this paper, three BaTiO3 powders of various particle size distributions were obtained as a result of mechanical activation in the mixer mill. Green barium titanate pellets and cylindrical specimens were fabricated by both uniaxial and isostatic pressing methods. As a result of the application of different maximal sintering temperatures, the obtained materials were characterized by various average grain sizes: 0.8 μm, 20 μm and 31.0 μm. The basic properties of sintered pellets and cylinders were determined and the influence of materials average grain size on their Young’s modulus and compressive strength were determined through compression tests in a uniaxial testing machine, Zwick/Roell Z100. The elastic properties were similar for tested materials with a different grain size. However, the microstructure of BaTiO3 strongly influenced the compressive strength.

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Skuodis, Šarūnas, Darius Markauskas, Arnoldas Norkus, Gintaras Žaržojus, and Neringa Dirgėlienė. "Testing and numerical simulation of Holocene marine sand uniaxial compression along the Lithuanian coast." Baltica 27, no. 1 (September 6, 2014): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/baltica.2014.27.04.

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Compressibility of quartz sand from the Lithuanian coastal area in Klaipėda environs is investigated by testing and numerical simulation, with validation of obtained results. The shape of sand grains has been analysed with a scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The determined morphological parameters of sand grains are employed to create discrete models (particle models of grains) subsequently used for sand compression test numerical simulation via discrete element method (DEM) techniques. The background version of DEM and the numerical time-integration algorithm are implemented in original DEMMAT code. Compression tests have been realised by an oedometer device. Test versus numerical simulation results have revealed a dependence of significant compression curve character on the discretised shape of sand grains and Young’s modulus of particles.

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Ji, Ming, Nong Zhang, and Feng Gao. "Damage Evolution Analysis of Calcareous Mudstone with Different Water Content under Uniaxial Compression." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 1388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.1388.

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Uniaxial compression and acoustic emission experiments of calcareous mudstone with different water content were carried out by using microcomputer controlled electro-hydraulic servo compression testing machine control system of YAW series equipped by coal-rock acoustic and electric data acquisition system of CTA-1-type. Mchanical properties and acoustic emission law of calcareous mudstone were studied. It is concluded from experiment result that rock’s elastic modulus and compressive strength both decrease with increase water content but peak stress shows the opposite trend. It is also found that calcareous mudstone is brittleness with low water content but when water content reaches saturation, calcareous mudstone presents plastic features. Acoustic emission curve fits well with stress-strain curve: acoustic emission activity begins intensifying when stress reaches 70% of peak stress, correspondingly, acoustic emission is up to maximum at peak stress. Based on Weibull hypothesis and acoustic emission experiment, damage law of water bearing calcareous mudstone is researched and damage evolution equation with time variable is advanced.

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Pereira, António B., Fábio A. O. Fernandes, Alfredo B. de Morais, and João Maio. "Biaxial Testing Machine: Development and Evaluation." Machines 8, no. 3 (July 21, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines8030040.

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Biaxial mechanical testing gained increased importance for characterization of materials that present anisotropic behavior and/or different responses when subjected to tensile and compression loadings. In this work, a new biaxial testing machine was developed. The various systems and components were designed, manufactured, assembled, and assessed. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed to validate the device, showing results consistent with those obtained on a universal testing machine. Finally, biaxial tensile tests were also performed on polypropylene cruciform specimens. The results revealed high precision levels, thus showing the potential of this new machine.

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Krmíček, Lukáš, and Martin Závacký. "Triaxial Compression Testing of Multicomponent Geomaterials from Quartz-Poor (Syenitic) Systems." GeoScience Engineering 63, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gse-2017-0016.

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AbstractThis paper focuses on mafic microgranular enclaves enclosed in quartz-poor igneous rocks and their effect on strength properties of the rock massif. The study examines host rock–enclave multicomponent geomaterials from enclave-bearing syenitic rocks from the Třebíč Massif exposed in the Královec quarry near Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou in the Czech Republic. A series of laboratory tests were performed to describe strength properties of individual constituents of the multicomponent geomaterials. We mainly focused on triaxial compression tests, however, rebound hardness, uniaxial compressive strength and indirect tensile strength were determined as well. The obtained results indicate that enclaves and even the contact zones between the enclaves and host rocks do not have any negative influence on the rock strength. In contrast, enclaves represent “stress concentrators” within such multicomponent systems. Strength properties of various multicomponent geomaterials are practically an unexplored topic in the field of rocks mechanics and future studies are needed to establish a robust database describing the behaviour of such geocomposites.

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Dong, Lu, Hongfa Xu, Pengxian Fan, and Zhichou Wu. "On the Experimental Determination of Poisson’s Ratio for Intact Rocks and Its Variation as Deformation Develops." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (February 4, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8843056.

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Poisson’s ratio is of crucial importance for the theoretical and numerical analysis of rock engineering. It is an elastic parameter of the material and the ratio of the absolute value of lateral strain and axial strain when the material is under uniaxial tension or compression. However, it was rarely investigated compared with deformation modulus and strength. Rock materials are different from metal materials. The pure elastic deformation stage is usually very short or nonexistent in the process of uniaxial tension or compression. In this paper, in order to explore the behavior of Poisson’s ratio, uniaxial compression tests according to The International Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering are performed on standard specimens of granite, marble, red sandstone, carbonate rock, coral concrete, etc. According to the results, Poisson’s ratio, both the secant Poisson’s ratio and tangent Poisson’s ratio, increase with the externally applied stress. Therefore, regarding it as an elastic constant is worthy of a second thought. If the midpoint of the stress interval is fixed in the 50% of uniaxial compressive strength, the average Poisson’s ratio is almost impervious to the varying span of the stress interval. In addition, the average Poisson’s ratio is immune to the nonlinear deformation in the early loading stage. Thus, the average Poisson’s ratio is a better index than the secant Poisson’s ratio in describing the relationship between axial and lateral strains of hard rocks. The determination of Poisson’s ratio of soft rocks needs further investigation because Poisson’s ratio tends to exceed the theoretical limit in relatively low stress levels. The proposed viewpoint provides a deeper insight into the testing, determining, and using of Poisson’s ratio.

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Kuehn, Gary A., and Erland M. Schulson. "The mechanical properties of saline ice under uniaxial compression." Annals of Glaciology 19 (1994): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026030550001096x.

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Understanding the mechanical properties of saline ice is important for engineering design as well as for operations in polar regions. In order to gain understanding of the basic mechanisms of deformation and fracture, laboratory-grown columnar saline ice, representative of first-year sea ice, was tested in uniaxial compression under a variety of conditions of Strain rate (10−7to 10−1s−1), temper-aiure (−40°, −20°, −10° and −5°C) and orientation (loading vertically or horizontally: i.e. parallel or perpendicular to the growth direction). The range of strain rate spanned the ductile-to-brittle transition for every combination of temperature and specimen orientation. The results of over 250 tests are reported. Mechanical properties, failure mode and ice structure are analyzed with respect to the testing conditons. The results show that strength is dependent upon the ice structure, orientation, strain rate and temperature. During loading in the ductile regime the structure is altered (e.g. by recrystallization), whereas in the brittle regime the majority of the structural change is through cracking. The results are compared to results from the literature on both natural sea ice and laboratory-grown saline ice. Where possible, they are interpreted in terms of micromechanica] models.

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Yin, Zhiqiang, Zhiyu Chen, Jucai Chang, Zuxiang Hu, Haifeng Ma, and Ruimin Feng. "Crack Initiation Characteristics of Gas-Containing Coal under Gas Pressures." Geofluids 2019 (February 7, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5387907.

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In deep coal mines, coal before the working face is subjected to coupled high mining-induced stress and gas pressure. Such condition may facilitate crack formation and propagation in the coal seam, leading to serious coal and gas disasters. In this study, the mechanical properties (i.e., uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, and fracture toughness) of gas-containing coal with four levels of initial gas pressure (i.e., 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 MPa) were investigated by uniaxial compression, Brazilian disc, and notched semicircular bending loading test. A newly developed gas-sealing device and an RMT-150 rock mechanics testing machine were used. Fracture modes under different initial gas pressures were also determined. A theoretical method of fracture mechanics was used to analyze crack initiation characteristics under gas adsorption state. Results show that the uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, and fracture toughness of gas-containing coal decreased with increasing initial gas pressure. The tensional fracture occurred in gas-containing coal under uniaxial compressive loading with high gas pressure. Cracks in gas-containing coal propagated under small external loads due to the increase in effective stress of crack tip and decrease in cracking strength. This study provided evidence for modifications of the support design of working face in deep coal mines. Furthermore, the correlations between fracture toughness, compressive strength, and tensile strength of gas-containing coal were investigated.

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Xiong, Zuqiang, Changsheng Song, Chengdong Su, Xiaolei Wang, Cheng Wang, and Yu Hao. "Uniaxial Compression Creep Relaxation and Grading of Coal Samples via Tests on the Progressive Failure Characteristics." Geofluids 2019 (February 7, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9069546.

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An RMT-150B electrohydraulic servo testing system was used to perform uniaxial compression and uniaxial grading relaxation (creep) tests. The deformation, strength, and failure characteristics of the progressive failure process of coal samples under three loading modes were analyzed. The analysis results show that the prepeak stress-strain curve of the coal samples and the load relationships are not clear and that the whole compression process of coal still showed compression, elastic, yielding, and failure stages. The local stress drop characteristics during our relaxation creep grading tests showed no clear peak value and showed a yield curve with the shape of a conventional single plateau. The values of the mechanical parameters of axial compression were significantly higher than those obtained in the grade relaxation (creep) tests, which showed the mechanical parameters of coal samples with aging characteristics. In the relaxation (creep) tests, when the stress ratio was less than 70%, the relaxation (creep) characteristics of the sample were not clear. When the ratio of stress relaxation (creep) was more than 70% in the relaxation (creep) tests during displacement (stress) with a constant relaxation (creep) over the duration of the test, the evolution, development, and convergence of microcracks in the coal samples were observed. Relaxation (creep) stress was higher, failure duration was shorter, and the duration of failure was longer. For fully mechanized coal faces, increasing the support resistance and timely moving the support after coal cutting may prevent rib spalling accidents by reducing coal stress and exposure time in the front of the working face. Additionally, routine uniaxial compressive failures showed a simple form, having a clear tension-shear dual rupture surface. The staged relaxation creep failure testing of coal is more complex. The entire coal samples were divided into many thin-sheet debris via gradual collapse and shedding, and the number of cracks increased significantly, showing evident lateral expansion characteristics that are similar to the rib spalling characteristics in high coal mining working faces.

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Idris, Maizlinda I., Tania Vodenitcharova, and Mark Hoffman. "Resistance of Thin Al Foam Panels to Deep Indentation." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.357.

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In recent years there has been a considerable amount of research into the deformation behaviour of metallic foams. The majority of this research has only addressed size-independent bulk material properties, obtained through uniaxial compression and indentation tests of thick blocks. There is little information in the literature on the indentation response of thin panels, which has motivated the current study. Thin panels of ALPORAS closed-cell foam of ~ 0.25 g/cm3 density were tested in uniaxial compression, and were indented with long flat-plate punches and long cylindrical punches. Cross-sectioning of the samples following interrupted testing revealed the plastic strain evolution process. The deformation was attributed to the progressive crushing of the cell bands, and the combined action of shearing and tearing resistance. Based on energy formalism, a model was developed to estimate the crushing force. By fitting the experimental loaddisplacement curves, the foam ligament tearing energy was deduced for all types of indentation. The absorbed energy was also calculated for the uniaxial compression and indentation experiments.

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Kuehn, Gary A., and Erland M. Schulson. "The mechanical properties of saline ice under uniaxial compression." Annals of Glaciology 19 (1994): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1994aog19-1-39-48.

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Understanding the mechanical properties of saline ice is important for engineering design as well as for operations in polar regions. In order to gain understanding of the basic mechanisms of deformation and fracture, laboratory-grown columnar saline ice, representative of first-year sea ice, was tested in uniaxial compression under a variety of conditions of Strain rate (10−7 to 10−1 s−1), temper-aiure (−40°, −20°, −10° and −5°C) and orientation (loading vertically or horizontally: i.e. parallel or perpendicular to the growth direction). The range of strain rate spanned the ductile-to-brittle transition for every combination of temperature and specimen orientation. The results of over 250 tests are reported. Mechanical properties, failure mode and ice structure are analyzed with respect to the testing conditons. The results show that strength is dependent upon the ice structure, orientation, strain rate and temperature. During loading in the ductile regime the structure is altered (e.g. by recrystallization), whereas in the brittle regime the majority of the structural change is through cracking. The results are compared to results from the literature on both natural sea ice and laboratory-grown saline ice. Where possible, they are interpreted in terms of micromechanica] models.

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Ren, Jian Xi, Yin He Zhang, Qing Yuan Li, and Kun Zhang. "Testing Analysis on Rock Fatigue Life Due to Affecting Factors under Uniaxial Compression." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 2188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.2188.

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Using the rock mechanics multi-function testing machine named RMT150B, the testing study on rock fatigue life due to different affecting factors under uniaxial compression condition are accomplished. It is the study emphasis that the influence mechanism of rock sample fatigue life due to different stress amplitudes, waveforms and frequencies .It shows that the stress amplitude, waveform and frequency can all remarkably affect the rock fatigue life. The influence essential reason of rock life due to different stress amplitudes and waveforms is the different dissipation of energy. And the influence essential reason of rock life due to different frequencies is the different loading rate of speed.

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Steglich, D., X. Tian, J. Bohlen, and T. Kuwabara. "Mechanical Testing of Thin Sheet Magnesium Alloys in Biaxial Tension and Uniaxial Compression." Experimental Mechanics 54, no. 7 (May 7, 2014): 1247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-014-9892-0.

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Niemann, S., R. Wagner, M. Beerhorst, and C. Hühne. "Testing and analysis of Anisogrid Prepreg element specimens under uniaxial tension and compression." Composite Structures 160 (January 2017): 594–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.10.100.

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WIUM, H., and K. B. QVIST. "RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF UF-FETA CHEESE DETERMINED BY UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION AND DYNAMIC TESTING." Journal of Texture Studies 28, no. 4 (September 1997): 435–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4603.1997.tb00127.x.

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Leung, Linus, Josee Perron, and Hani E. Naguib. "A Study of the Mechanics of Porous Plga 85/15 Scaffold in Compression." Polymers and Polymer Composites 15, no. 6 (September 2007): 437–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110701500602.

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Constitutive modelling of the stress-strain relationship of open-celled PLGA 85/15 bioscaffolds under compression was studied. A constitutive model for compressive behaviour was directly derived from the morphology of a unit cubic cell. These constitutive equations describe the stress-strain relationship as a function of the foam's material properties and cell morphology, such as elastic modulus, yield stress, relative density, cell strut thickness, and cell size. To verify this model, uniaxial compression testing was performed on scaffold samples. Using the gas foaming/salt leaching method, the samples were prepared by using different foaming parameters such as salt/ polymer mass ratio, saturation pressure, and saturation time. The comparisons of theoretical and experimental data demonstrate that the constitutive model using a cubic unit cell accurately describes the behaviour of PLGA foams with low relative densities under compression.

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Chao, Qi, Hossein Beladi, Ilchat Sabirov, and Peter Hodgson. "Deformation Behaviour of a Commercial Pure Titanium Alloy during Hot Compression Testing." Materials Science Forum 773-774 (November 2013): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.773-774.281.

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The flow curve behavior and microstructure evolution of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) through uniaxial hot compression was investigated at 850 °C and a strain rate of 0.1/s. Electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) was employed to characterize the microstructure and crystallographic texture development for different thermomechanical conditions. The stress-strain curves of CP-Ti alloy under hot compression displayed a typical flow behavior of metals undergoing dynamic recrystallization (DRX), which resulted in grain refinement. The critical strain for the onset of DRX was 0.13 using the double differentiation analysis technique. It was also revealed that the texture was markably altered during hot deformation.

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Fartini, M. S., M. S. Abdul Majid, Mohd Afendi, N. A. M. Amin, and Azizul Mohamad. "Effects of Elevated Temperatures on the Compression Strength of Nanoclay Filled Unsaturated Polyester Resin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (June 2014): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.208.

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The paper describes the effects of the montmorillonite (MMT) fillers commonly known as nanoclay, on the compression properties of unsaturated polyester resins at different weight percentage of nanoclay. Modified resin specimens with 1, 3 and 5 wt. % of nanoclay contents were prepared and subjected to compressive tests according to ASTM D695. The static uniaxial compression testing were conducted at various temperatures ranging from room temperature (RT) to the temperature closer to its glass transition temperature Tg to study the effect of nanoclay fillers on the compressive stress-strain behaviour at high temperatures (room temperature, 35, 45, and 75°C). The mechanical properties of the nanomodified resin including the elastic modulus, maximum stress and failure strain were determined. The experimental results imply that adding these nanoclay fillers has enhanced the elastic modulus, compressive strength, and toughness without sacrificing the strain to failure and thermal stability of the unsaturated polyester. However it was found that generally, all specimens showed degradation in compressive strength with increases in temperatures.

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Li, Shengli, Guangming Wu, and Hao Wu. "Study on Acoustic Emission Characteristics of a Semirigid Base of Dense Skeleton Type during Complete Uniaxial Compression Tests." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9238698.

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Acoustic emission testing of semirigid base specimens subjected to uniaxial compression was performed by a mechanical testing machine and AE system to find the AE criterion of the uniaxial compressive failure process of the semirigid base of dense skeleton types. AE counts, cumulative AE energy, andb-value were discussed. Results indicated that the AE parameters could reflect the failure process of semirigid bases of dense skeleton types. The failure process mainly underwent three stages that were divided based on AE parameters into initial stage of development, stable growth stage, and unstable stage. The knees of the AE parameter curve were at 25% and 85% of the ultimate load. The variation of theb-value could indicate the stress and be a precursor to the failure of the specimens. In general terms, ab-value greater than 3.5 indicates that specimens are at the initial stage of development. Ab-value between 1 and 2 indicates that the specimens are at the stable growth stage. If theb-value seems to fluctuate and increase, the specimens are at the unstable stage. Moreover, the AE parameters indicated that attaching sensors to the waist of specimens was superior to that at other locations of a specimen.

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Ma, Gang, Jiangteng Li, and Huiwen Wang. "Related Rule Study of Subcritical Crack Growth and Threshold Values in Transversely Isotropic Slates." Geofluids 2020 (October 29, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8843381.

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Elastic parameters and the subcritical crack growth of different bedding angle slate specimens were studied using uniaxial compression testing and the double torsion constant displacement load relaxation method using SANS and MTS Insight machines. To study the relations of the mode-I stress intensity factor K I versus the subcritical crack growth velocity V , the fracture toughness K I C , the stagnation speed, and the threshold values, the double torsion constant displacement load relaxation method was carried out. The related rules between the bedding angles (β) and the uniaxial compressive strength, fracture toughness, and threshold values were investigated. Experimental results show that the uniaxial compression, the fracture toughness, and the threshold value curves move to the bottom then increase with the increase of the β angle. In addition, its fracture toughness is minimal when the β angle of the slates is 45°, and crack initiation and crack propagation are generated under load, which can lead to the failure of the slate. lg K I - lg V relations of transversely isotropic slates measured by this method are in accordance with linear rules, which is in good agreement with the Charles theory. The range of K 0 / K I C for these different bedding angle slates is from 0.511 to 0.789. The test results would provide the basis for studying seepage and time-dependency of rock engineering stability.

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Wang, Lei, Jiang Yu, and Xue Hua. "Experimental Study on Post-Peak Failure Behavior of Rock Masses with Persistent Joint." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 610–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.610.

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The uniaxial compression test on pre-existing persistent jointed rock cylindrical standard specimen made by high stiffness servo control testing machine, systematic researched the relationship between jointed rock post-peak stress-strain curve, the destroy form of rock masses with dip angles of persistent joints. And the results reveal that: (1) The post-peak stress - strain curves of specimens with joint inclination angle of 15°and complete specimens are basically the same, but the difference of post-peak stress - strain curves of specimens with the joint inclination angle from 30°to 60°and complete specimens is vary greatly; (2) The post-peak failure modes of specimen change with different joint inclination. The research result can reflect mechanics and deformation and damage characteristics under uniaxial compressive loading in the phase of post-peak of rock masses with different dip angle pre-existing persistent joints.

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Wang, Chun Guang, Chaojun Li, Xueqiang Hu, and Bingqian Li. "Characteristics of Gas Transport within Uniaxial Compression of Granite Sample." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 2136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.2136.

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The physical processes triggering the fluid flow within the stressed rock are highly complex and not fully understood. The granite sample obtained from Creighton mine, Canada, was subjected to the temperature-pressure effects using a special rock mechanic testing machine equipped with a high precision gas monitor. It is shown that when the sample approached to the peak stress during the uniaxial compression test, the connective cracks instantaneously occurred accompanied by a swarm of AE activities, which suddenly decrease the fluid pore pressure. This change can be able to drive the gas back to the newly emerging crack due to the formation of gas pressure gradient within the damage zones. It is indicated that the different permeabilities among the zones can dominate the suction-exhaust proceeding of pore fluids within rock mass. Beyond the volumetric strain at null, the deformation of the stressed rock leads to a reversely change in pore pressure of closed pores. The feature for the gas emission determined by the changes in pore structure of rock is also discussed and analyzed.

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Wang, Hai Liang, Zhuo Cui, Chuan Li, and Ru Cang Bao. "Mechanical Property of Solidified Concrete by Explosion as Concrete is in Flow Pattern." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 1073–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.1073.

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We have made the concrete test blocks, which were blasted by different charge quantities in the semi-infinite soil. Using the SHIMADZU Universal Testing Machine AG-X250kN system, we performed the uniaxial compression test, studied the stress-strain curves of concretes by explosion, under the same condition curing and the standard curing. The results show that, concrete will have higher compression strength by explosion. And there is an optimal charge quantity, when the concrete consumption is given. With this optimal charge quantity, compression property of concrete by explosion is superior to concrete cured at standard.

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Sagar, R. Vidya. "Acoustic emission signal ‘peak amplitude-distribution’ analysis related to concrete fracture under uniaxial compression." Challenge Journal of Concrete Research Letters 9, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjcrl.2018.03.003.

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Acoustic emissions (AE) released during the compressive fracture of cementitious materials have been subjected to analysis using ‘AE based b-value’ to study the fracture process. Identification of the ‘AE sources locations’ in three dimension is not always possible. With a minimum number of AE sensors mounted on the test specimen and by using the AE based b-value analysis, it is possible to study fracture process and the damage status in solids. The b-value of AE is calculated using the Gutenberg–Richter empirical relationship (G-R law), which is available in seismology. The details related to original G-R relation and it’s suitability for AE testing were discussed. In this article it has been tried to look into the variations of the AE based b-value in cementitious test specimens prepared with different cementitious mixture proportions. Effect of (i) coarse aggregate size in cementitious materials (ii) loading rate during compressive fracture process (iii) age of concrete on b-value variation were discussed. The trend of variation in AE based b-value during fracture process in concrete and mortar was different. It was observed that when the compression toughness of the cementitious material increases, higher b-values were observed. When the loading rate was high, quick cracking occurred and lower b-values were observed. As the coarse aggregate size in the cementitious material increases, the cumulative AE energy was higher. The reason may be due to the compression toughness of the cementitious material. The AE based b-value is useful to identify the different stages of compressive fracture process in solids.

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Kubík, Ľubomír, Viera Kažimírová, Monika Božiková, Tomáš Giertl, and Štefan Mihina. "Correlation of the colour of straw fuel pellets to the compressive properties." Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 25, no. 1 (2021): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jpea25-31141.

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The aim of the manuscript was the evaluation of the compressive properties of straw pellets in relation to the colour differences between them. Modulus of elasticity and failure strength of the pellets at the compression were determined. A testing machine Andilog Stentor 1000 (Andilog Technologies, Vitrolles, France) was employed for uniaxial compression tests. L*, a*, b* colour coordinates of CIE LAB 3D colour space were used for the characterization of the pellet's colour. Two sorts of pellets were measured: made from wheat straw and made from the mixed wheat and barley straw. Samples were measured by a spectrophotometer 3NH YS3020 and computed as the mean of twenty samples. The correlation of the pellet colour with the mechanical properties, mainly modulus of elasticity and failure strength of the pellets at the compression were realized to obtain a relation of the deformation process to the pellet's colour of different sorts of pellets.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Uniaxial compression testing'

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