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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Unilateral declaration of independence'
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1
Rabaza, Jiménez Ramir. "The Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Catalonia, 2017: strategies of legitimation in political discourses." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21589.
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The relation between the Catalan nationalist forces as well as the other sub-nationalisms and the Spanish Government has been a matter discussed throughout all the Spanish democracy. In recent years the challenge to the Spanish state set by the Catalan government when taking a unilateral approach on Independence has resulted in the imprisonment and exile of political leaders. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the events that occurred in Catalonia after the Catalan elections of 2015 and the unilateral approach on self-determination taken by the Catalan Autonomous Government with the promise of a binding referendum. The laws passed by the Catalan government which were rejected by the Constitutional Court, as the law itself denied the authority of the Constitutional Court and declared independence. This resulted in the application of the 155th article of the Spanish Constitution, suspending autonomous government, to enforce the Constitutional Court’s resolutions by the Spanish government. The essay will focus on the discourses given by politicians to criticize or justify these actions, analysed through theoretical and political normative perspectives.
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Olsson, Jan. "A crucial watershed in Southern Rhodesian politics : The 1961 Constitutional process and the 1962 General Election." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-923.
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The thesis examines the political development in Southern Rhodesia 1960-1962 when two processes, the 1961 Constitutional process and the 1962 General Election, had far-reaching consequences for the coming twenty years. It builds on a hypothesis that the Constitutional process led to a radicalisation of all groups, the white minority, the African majority and the colonial power. The main research question is why the ruling party, United Federal Party (UFP) after winning the referendum on a new Constitution with a wide margin could lose the ensuing election one year later to the party, Rhodesian Front (RF) opposing the constitution. The examination is based on material from debates in the Legal Assembly and House of Commons (UK), minutes of meetings, newspaper articles, election material etc. The hypothesis that the Constitutional process led to a radicalization of the main actors was partly confirmed. The process led to a focus on racial issues in the ensuing election. Among the white minority UFP attempted to develop a policy of continued white domination while making constitutional concessions to Africans in order to attract the African middle class. When UFP pressed on with multiracial structural reforms the electorate switched to the racist RF which was considered bearer of the dominant settler ideology. Among the African majority the well educated African middleclass who led the Nationalist movement, changed from multiracial reformists in late 1950‟s to majority rule advocates. After rejecting the 1961 Constitution they anew changed from constitutional reformists to supporter of an armed struggle. Britain‘s role was ambivalent trying to please all actors, the Southern Rhodesian whites and Africans but also the international opinion. However, it seems to have been its own neo colonial interests that finally determined their position and its fault in the move towards Unilateral Declaration of Independence and the civil war was huge. On the main research question the analysis points to two reasons. Firstly, the decision by the Nationalists to boycott the election and the heavy-handed actions they took to achieve this goal created a white back-lash against the ruling party and the loss of the second vote advantage. Secondly, when the ruling party decided to make the repeal of the Land Apportionment Act a key election issue they lost not only indifferent voters but also a major part of its normal electorate. They threatened the Settler State‟s way of life for the white minority.
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Mupfuvi, B. M. "Land to the people : peasants and nationalism in the development of land ownership structure in Zimbabwe from pre-colonialism to the Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) period." Thesis, University of Salford, 2014. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/32003/.
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The space between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers now known as Zimbabwe is a diverse state endowed with diverse ethnicities. The vast majority of the people in this space were peasants and cultivators in pre-colonial times. These peasants had a strong attachment to land because of its psycho-spiritual significance as the abode of the ancestors and other natural resources. One of the ethnic groups in this space, the Shona, had a strong attachment to land for cattle which were very important in the Shona traditional religion. The inhabitants of the space Between the Zambezi and Limpopo also traded, specialized in crafts and did small-scale mining. Trade was practiced over a wide area during the Great Zimbabwe period (11th-15th century) with Zimbabwean gold found as far away as China, and Chinese and Syrian goods imported into the country. With the opening of the African continent to overseas trade the peasants took up the cultivation of export crops in exchange for imported goods. The advent of colonialism in the land now called Zimbabwe affected the peasants’ way of life in a big way. Indigenous people suffered extremely as a result of colonial land policy which characterised the transition to western-style capitalism in the country. The British South Africa Company (BSAC), representing international capitalism, carved out large areas of land for themselves thereby affecting the close relationship between land, cattle, traditional religion and the local inhabitants. Land ownership between the colonial administrators and indigenous people created conflict which ultimately stimulated black nationalism in the country. This work therefore examines the relationship between the peasantry and nationalism, and shows how conflict over resources can motivate stronger collective action which may lead the conflict to escalate into an armed national struggle as portrayed by the First (1896-7) and Second (1966-79) Chimurenga (War of liberation) in Zimbabwe.
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Ross, Jason. "The Declaration of Independence and the crisis of American identity." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2008. http://worldcat.org/oclc/453941683/viewonline.
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Pecot, Matthew Y. "A declaration of independence the Golgi apparatus is here to stay /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3225895.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed October 8, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-115).
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Kahn, Verity Rebecca. "An American cosmogony : the mythical dimension of the Declaration of Independence." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=235987.
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The Declaration of Independence commands a special status in American culture. For this reason, it has often been called mythic by Revolutionary historians and scholars of the Declaration alike. Such characterisations tend to be hastily made and pejorative, but the Declaration of Independence takes on a new significance when the characterisation of the Declaration as myth is studied seriously. For Americans, the Declaration serves both a specific and beneficial function which the mere naming of it as myth fails to identify. This identification of the Declaration as myth is one that draws specifically on ideas of the birth of the American nation and the role its authors had in creating that nation. Nowhere is this more obvious than the Declaration's continued use in American political rhetoric today which demonstrates its ever-constant presence as a living document. This understanding of the Declaration has heretofore remained unexplored. By taking the Declaration of Independence seriously as myth, this study looks to both identify the story of the myth of the Declaration and its function in American society by applying to it a theory of myth.
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Kiste, Gwendolyn Margaret Ann. "Declaration of Independence: Relationships between Osteoarthritis Patients' Need for Independence, Spousal Support, and Patient and Spouse Outcomes." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1246977260.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2009-07-07.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed March 3, 2010). Advisor: Mary Ann Stephens. Keywords: need for independence; osteoarthritis; spousal support; person-environment fit. Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-42).
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von, Brömssen Kerstin. "2083 – A European Declaration of Independence - An Analysis of Discourses from the Extreme." Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och kulturvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-27400.
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This paper analyses three of the dominating discourses Anders Behring Breivik used in his compendium, the official title of which is 2083 – A European Declaration of Independence, also known as Breivik's Manifesto. It is believed Breivik posted his Manifesto on the Internet shortly before the attacks in Norway in July, 2011. The number 2083 stands for the year when the "Western European Civil War" was expected to be completed, all traitors executed, and all Muslims deported from Europe. This article will discuss dominating discourses in the Manifesto, seen from a background of a European multicultural backlash, in which the political far-right movement is increasing. Furthermore, this article will end with a discussion of education and the importance of analysis of such phenomena within different subjects.
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Jayne, Allen. "The new theism of John Locke, Thomas Jefferson and the American Declaration of Independence." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319570.
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Zandstra, Gerald L. "The address to the Christian nobility of the German nation Martin Luther's declaration of independence /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.
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Behrami, Mimoze. "Kosovo - en suverän stat : En uppsats om Kosovos självständighetsdeklaration och några av världens internationella huvudaktörers reaktioner på deklarationen." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-20836.
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The purpose of this essay is to examine why some countries in the world decided to support Kosovo’s declaration of independence in 2008, while others did not. The essay is a type of case study, with Kosovo’s independence as the main focus. For the purpose of the essay, main focus will be on the United States of America, Russia, China and Serbia. The countries’ actions will be examined through the theoretical perspectives presented in the book Essence of Decision: Rational Actor Model, Organizational Behavior and Governmental Politics. The conclusion drawn is that countries put their own interests before the good of the international community, sometimes putting other countries at risk of conflict or war, to achieve their own goals. This can be seen in the cases of Russia and China especially, as they did not accept Kosovo’s independence partly because they have similar conflicts in their own states to that of Serbia’s with Kosovo.
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Farshee, Louis M. (Louis Michael). "The United States' Recognition of Israel: Determinant Factors in American Foreign Policy." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500365/.
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This thesis examines the critical factors leading to the 1948 decision by the United States government to extend recognition to the newly declared State of Israel. In the first of five chapters the literature on the recognition of Israel is discussed. Chapter II presents the theoretical foundation of the thesis by tracing the development of Charles Kegley's decision regime framework. Also discussed is the applicability of bureaucratic structure theory and K. J. Holsti's hierarchy of objectives. Chapters III and IV present the empirical history of this case, each closing with a chapter summary. The final chapter demonstrates the relevance and validity of the theoretical framework to the case and closes with a call for further research into the processes of foreign policy decision-making.
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Hefner, Cody Nicholas. "An Evocation of the Revolution: The Paintings of John Trumbull and the Perception of the American Revolution." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1259821977.
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Griffith, Joseph K. II. ""That That Nation Might Live" - Lincoln's Biblical Allusions in the Gettysburg Address." Ashland University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=auhonors1399998979.
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Peters, Murray Hamaka. "The confiscation of Pare Hauraki: The impact of Te Ao Pākehā on the Iwi of Pare Hauraki Māori; on the whenua of Pare Hauraki 1835-1997 and The Foreshore and Seabed Act 2004." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2366.
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Kia mau ki te rangatiratanga o te Iwi o Hauraki Just as the whakataukī explains Hold fast to the power and authority of the Hauraki tribes the focus of this study is to examine and evaluate the impact of Te Ao Pākehā on Pare Hauraki lands and Tīkapa Moana under the mana of Pare Hauraki Māori and Pare Hauraki tikanga. The iwi of Pare Hauraki have land claims through the, (Wai 100) and the Hauraki Māori Trust Board, before the Waitangi Tribunal highlighting whenua issues and their impact on Pare Hauraki iwi. Also relevant is the foreshore and seabed issue which is documented leading on to the infamous Foreshore and Seabed Act 2004, (for Māori anyway), sparking widespread opposition by Māori throughout the country, and other supportive non-Māori groups because of the issue concerning Māori kaitiiakitanga and guardianship roles. This investigation will commence by outlining the histories of discovery and settlement of Pare Hauraki, the concept of mana-whenua/mana-moana as it applies to Pare Hauraki Māori and our tikanga, and then to subsequent issues leading to land alienation of the early 19th to late 20th cenutries and then to the foreshore issue of the early 21st Century. This research will include information showing that before 1840 to Te Tiriti o Waitangi and thereafter that Pākehā and various Crown agents, through legislation claimed the rights to the lands, waterways and oceanic areas under the kaitiakitanga of my tupuna of Pare Hauraki. Tupuna and other iwi members have expressed their disgust seeing the mana of their traditional lands, waterways, oceanic areas and kaitiaki roles slipping away from them through these activities. Therefore, this thesis is a response to those issues and the impact on (a), Māori as a people, and our tikanga Māori and (b), Pare Hauraki Māori as the kaitiaki/guardians of the Pare Hauraki rohe/territory in accordance with tikanga Māori, and the significance of the responsibilities which arise out of the Māori concepts of kaitiakitanga, manaakitanga and rangatiratanga.
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Lin, Ting-jia, and 林廷佳. "On Peoples' Right to Self-Determination in International Law from the Unilateral Declaration of Independence by Kosovo." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63313279412748524849.
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碩士東吳大學
法律學系
101
The term ‘peoples’ right to self-determination’ (hereinafter PRSD) is not unfamiliar to many since there has been no shortage of secessionists in international community holding aloft the banner of PRSD to fortify the legitimacy of their claim for independence in both legal and political dimensions. In Taiwan, people often fall into the maelstrom of unification or independence; hence, politicians, scholars, and even common people never lessen their concern about this topic. The concept of PRSD, which first emerged more than a century ago, has not only been enshrined in the Charter as one of the purposes and principles of the U.N., but also became the common Article 1 of the two 1966 International Human Rights Covenants. However, the issues of “self of whom” and “determination of what” still remain unsolved except that people under colonial rule can choose their international political status by exercising external PRSD. After the decolonization era, due to vast ideological differences among blocs of States and different considerations of interests, there has been no consensus on whether PRSD should continue to exist and how to exercise it. On 17 February 2008, Kosovo, the former Autonomous Province of Serbia, which had been under the interim international administration, made a unilateral declaration of independence (UDI). Such promulgation angered the Serbian Government. After failing to settle Kosovo issue in the UN Security Council, the Serbian Government turned to the UN General Assembly, requesting an ICJ advisory opinion on the legality of UDI by the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government of Kosovo. The ICJ advisory opinion of 22 July 2010, instead of seizing this rare opportunity to discuss if people not under colonial rule could also exercise the external PRSD through UDI, only expounded on the legality or otherwise of the “act of declaration” without addressing the legality of “secession per se”, especially the scope of PRSD after the decolonization era and the broader issue of remedial secession. So the writer first discusses, in Chapter 2, the development of PRSD and sums up the opinions and attitude of States and international organization towards PRSD. In Chapter 3, the author attempts to answer the important questions of: 1. who can exercise PRSD? 2. what are contents of the PRSD ? 3. incompatibility between PRSD and territorial integrity, an utmost important principle of international law. The writer then tries to answer the question of ‘who’ can exercise and ‘how’ to exercise the PRSD in post-colonial context? Finally, the author analyzes the crucial question of whether Kosovo’s establishment of independent State is consistent with the current international regulations on PRSD, and hopes to add an item to vast literature in international law by trying to pierce the mystic veil of PRSD through this case study.
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Wu, Edward Chin-Ta, and 吳進達. "The Legality of Unilateral Declaration of Independence in International Law: Analysis of the Kosovo Advisory Opinion of the ICJ." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8gs2r4.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
科際整合法律學研究所
107
Kosovo has an area of around 10,800 square kilometers and a population of only about 2 million. Since March 1991 the Kosovar Albanian issued a Declaration of Independence, the independence movement in Kosovo has been surging. After the bloody genocide, the civil war and the interference of the United Nations, on February 17, 2008, Kosovar Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi presented a declaration of independence to the National Assembly. After the vote of the National Assembly, he declared that Kosovo is a sovereign and independent State. Kosovo soon has won the recognitions from 69 States. Serbia as the former “home State” of Kosovo expressed severe protests and finally brought it to the UN General Assembly. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued an advisory opinion on Kosovo’s declaration of independence at the request of the UN General Assembly. The advisory opinion was announced on July 22, 2010, and concluded that the adoption of the declaration of independence of 17 February 2008 did not violate any applicable rule of international law. As soon as this advisory opinion came out, 22 states including the United States and European States declared their support to the advisory opinion; on the other hand, Russia, China and five States in Europe opposed it. There are still disputes between the two sides. International law scholars have asserted that this is a victory for “the right of self-determination” and “democracy”. They believe that the decision of the ICJ to declare Kosovo’s independence does not violate international law will bring legal basis and power to the political organizations and groups which is pursuing independence. After the ICJ has declared that Kosovo’s unilateral declaration of independence is in accordance with international law, does it mean that any political entity can declare independence in any situation without violating international law? Whether the Kosovo Advisory Opinion has clearly declared the right of political entities to pursue independence, and whether this advisory opinion has brought the non-state political entities a sufficient legal basis to pursue the desired national independence would be the questions that this thesis would like to find out. Therefore, this thesis directly discusses the specific content of the advisory opinion, which is decided by the ICJ on Serbia’s accusation of the illegality of Kosovo’s declaration of independence and the violation of its sovereignty and territorial integrity. We try to analyze it in a comprehensive way, and discuss it from the perspective of international law. We hope to understand the explanation of the advisory opinion and the limitation of the scope of the case; and furthermore, to identify what the legal basis that the advisory opinion has brought to the legality of the unilateral declaration of independence in international law. We also try to predict the implications and consequences of the first-ever advisory opinion which discusses the unilateral declaration of independence, and what it would contribute to the true meanings of the rights of self-determination, secession, and independence movement of the people in international law.
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Bradley, Alasdair Ross Maclennan. "Milton’s divorce tracts : a declaration of independence." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/17116.
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This thesis deals with an aspect of the divorce argument not previously addressed in Milton
scholarship - Milton's hermeneutics, and how they change over the course of his divorce tracts.
Though his hermeneutics remain fundamentally the same throughout the argument, in the final
tract, Tetrachordon, certain principles come to dominate. Milton's combination, and subsequent
application, of specific principles warrants particular attention, for through them he would not
only justify divorce scripturally but also hypothesize a legal independence which permitted him
to defy Parliament's legal authority and to act according to his own polygamous concepts of
matrimony.
This thesis also studies the considerable influence of John Selden on Milton's thought.
Selden's work on natural and Hebraic law was pivotal in the development of Milton's own
theories on law, and on marriage and divorce in particular. Such a study of Milton's
hermeneutics, and of his subsequent legal theories, has implications for the reading of Paradise
Lost. Paradise Regained, and Samson Agonistes. and for the political tracts justifying regicide.
The period of 1643-5 was a tumultuous one for Milton, with his disastrous marriage, with the
negative reaction of both Parliament and pulpit to his arguments and, finally, with the onset of
his blindness. He entered this period with the confident flush of his success with the antiepiscopal
tracts but suffered continuous opposition on virtually all fronts, emerging a very
changed man. This thesis examines the stages of that change through close textual analysis of
the divorce tracts, and draws conclusions which bear upon the remainder of Milton's life and
work.Arts, Faculty of
English, Department of
Graduate
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Reese, Joshua J. "A call to freedom : Connecticut slavery from the Charter Oak to the Declaration of Independence /." 2006. http://www.consuls.org/record=b2804986.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2006.Thesis advisor: Matthew Warshauer. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-98). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Douglas, Tara. "Memories, myths and misconceptions : an analysis of dominant Zionist narratives formalized in the Israeli Declaration of Independence." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1276.
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This thesis contends that from the inception of Zionist ideology until the formation of Israel, the Zionist leadership, through the skillful use of narratives and the process of articulating a specific position and constraining opposing narratives, has been highly effective in creating and molding the historic perspectives and collective memories which have shaped, and continue to shape, Jewish identity and experience in Palestine. This study argues that the Israeli Declaration of Independence of May 1948 formalized core Zionist narratives and national myths within Israeli national self-identity, while simultaneously promoting their acceptance among world Jewry and the international community. This paper also maintains that these key narratives were used to legitimize the attitudes and actions of the early Zionists, and later Israelis, towards the indigenous (and surrounding) Arab populations. The impact of these narratives and national myths on the Palestinian Arabs, the effects of which continue to reverberate, is particularly addressed.
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Čabartová, Kristýna. "Koncept majetku v kontextu rané americké politické literatury." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-373712.
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When observing the values which repeatedly appear in early American literature, we encounter ideas such as liberty, freedom, or the importance of the individual, but while property and ownership are often also core ideas and motivations for many Americans, their appearance is much more limited and excluded from certain contexts. However, property was always a key issue and economic profitability was always considered as foremost both on political and individual level. This can be seen all throughout American history since its beginning until the present, yet there is the curious trend of downplaying the importance of property in politically oriented text. While no one questioned its value in the past, Americans outwardly replaced property with liberty. Nevertheless, its importance cannot be hidden so easily and through careful examination it is shown as being understood as a pre-requisite of freedom and security, even as it is never the central focus of any major early American political text. This thesis explores the concept of property in the context of early American political writing in the area between eighteenth and nineteenth century; drawing from texts such as the Declaration of Independence, The Federalist, The Anti-Federalist Papers, Common Sense and other contemporary political pamphlets...
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Silva, Ana Catarina. "Les contrats collectifs en droit québécois." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20389.
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Van, der Merwe Anna Susanna Petronella. "Die perspektief van die vroulike outeur op die Vlaamse koloniale era." Diss., 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16262.
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Text in AfrikaansIn hierdie verhandeling word die tekste van onderskeidelik Mireille Cottenje (Dagboek van Carla - 1968), Daisy Ver Boven (Mayana - I974 ), Henriette Claessens (Afscheid van Rumangabo - 1983) en Lieve Joris (Terug naar Kongo - 1987) bespreek as verteenwoordigend van die koloniale literatuur deur die vroulike outeur. Die doel is om vas te stel hoe daar deur die vroue outeur in die Vlaamse letterkunde aan die Afrika-ervaring gestalte gegee is. Eerstens word 'n oorsig van die begrip koloniale literatuur gegee en daama word literer-histories op die Vlaamse Afrika-literatuur vanaf die prekoloniale- tot die postkoloniale era gefokus. Nadat 'n analise van die tekste gedoen is om die individuele perspektiewe te evalueer, blyk dit dat die vroue outeurs in 'n groot mate gemeenskaplike visies in hul siening van die koloniale era openbaar. 'n Beeld van die koloniale Kongo soos dit in die ervaringswereld van die vroue outeurs bly voortleefhet, kan so verkry word
In this thesis, the texts of Mireille Cottenje (Dagboek van Carla - 1968), Daisy Ver Boven (Mayana - 1974), Henriette Claessens (Afscheid van Rumangabo - 1983) and Lieve Joris (Terug naar Kongo - 1987) were respectively studied as representative of the colonial literature written by female authors. The aim is to establish how stature is given in the literature to the Africa experience by the female author. In the first instance the concept colonial literature is discussed followed by a historical review of the Flemish African literature from the pre-colonial to the postcolonial era. After an analysis has been completed to evaluate the individual perspectives of the different authors, it appears that the female authors reveal shared perspectives in their views on the colonial era. Through knowledge of the work of these authors, an image of the colonial Congo can be found, as it lives on in the world of the female literator
Afrikaans & Theory of Literature
M.A. (Afrikaans)