Journal articles: 'Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)'

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Aamir, Muhammad, Kafeel Ahmed Kalwar, and Saad Mekhilef. "Review: Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) system." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 58 (May 2016): 1395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.335.

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Dai, Xue Mei, and Yu Fu. "Suggestions in Ensuring the Safety of UPS Power Supply." Advanced Materials Research 461 (February 2012): 772–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.461.772.

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UPS (Uninterruptible Power System) is an energy storage device, and it is also a uninterruptible power supply which contains the inverter as the main component and works at the constant voltage constant frequency. it is playing an increasingly important role. Some suggestions are mainly proposed to ensure the safety of UPS power supply system in this paper, which make the UPS power supply system really play the role of escort in the practical application.

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Ashrafi, Bahram, and Mehdi Niroomand. "Novel Reduced Parts Online Uninterruptible Power Supply." Advances in Power Electronics 2012 (November 25, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/502763.

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This paper presents design consideration and performance analysis of novel reduced parts online three-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system. The proposed UPS system is based on reduced switch count dual bridge matrix converter. It employs only six power switches and results in reducing the cost of the system compared to conventional online UPS topologies, while achieving excellent performance. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated through simulation in terms of input/output waveforms quality and shows the viability of topology.

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Jiang, Maoh Chin, and Bing Jyun Shih. "A Single-Stage DC Uninterruptible Power Supply." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.466.

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A single-stage DC uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is proposed in this paper. Basically, the proposed converter is an integration result of a power factor correction circuit with a dc-to-dc converter to achieve simple hardware circuit, high efficiency, and low cost for extra UPS function. Under normal operation, a novel two-switch SEPIC converter operates as an ac to dc converter with sinusoidal input current, unity power factor, and low ripple dc output voltage, and as a battery charger if a battery is added. Since both the input boost supply and the output supply can be controlled independently, a fast transient response can be maintained at both the input for active current wave shaping and at the output for good output regulation. When the ac source is in an outage condition, the proposed converter functions as a dc-to-dc buck-boost converter; therefore, the desired dc output voltage can be provided. Finally, some experimental results are presented for verification.

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Lahyani, Amine, Pascal Venet, Abdessattar Guermazi, and Alaeddine Troudi. "Battery/Supercapacitors Combination in Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 28, no. 4 (April 2013): 1509–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2012.2210736.

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Irwanto, Muhamad, M. Farreq, Sasongko P. Hadi, N. Gomesh, and Mohd Irwan Yusoff. "Photovoltaic Powered Uninterruptible Power Supply Using Microcontroller PIC16F628-I/P." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.914.

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Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) sits between a power supply such as wall outlet and devices to prevent undesired feature that can occur within the power source such as outages, sags, surges and bad harmonics from the supply to avoid a negative impact on the devices. This paper presents a photovoltaic (PV) powered UPS using microcontroller PIC16F628A-I/P. It is a standby UPS whereas if the main power source fails to supply power to loads, a battery powered inverter turns on to continue supplying power. The battery is charged by the PV using solar charger and transfer switch controlled by the microcontroller. The UPS was tested to a load of 240 V, 20 W AC aquarium water pump. The test result shows that the UPS perform well, when the main power source fails, the battery could power inverter and the microcontroller controls the transfer switch of the UPS inverter and the main power source.

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Jahmeerbacus, M. I., and K. M. S. Soyjaudah. "Design of a Microcontroller-Based Passive Standby Uninterruptible Power Supply." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 38, no. 4 (October 2001): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijeee.38.4.6.

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This paper describes the design of a microcontroller-based passive standby Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS), where the student applies a top-down systems approach to produce a working system. Such a project involves hardware-software co-design for realizing the relatively large number of detection, protection and control functions within the UPS.

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Han, Chun Juan, Fa Cheng Rui, Sheng Liu, and Shou Qin Tang. "Information Technology in Circuit Design of On-Line UPS." Advanced Materials Research 886 (January 2014): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.886.505.

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Uninterruptible Power Supply plays an important role in critical load, such as: computer, communication system and hospital. They can provide reliable and pure power supply for loads neither power good or not. With the best performance, on- Line UPS provider most sufficient protection for loads power failure in various UPS. With the continuous development of power electronics technology and information industry, this article design a high quality and reliability UPS to meet modern development of science and technology.

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Hastings, Waylon, and Idan Shalev. "Uninterruptible Power Supply Improves Precision of Telomere Length Measurement via qPCR." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.806.

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Abstract Epidemiological literature has produced robust associations between telomere length (TL) and health, wherein individuals with shorter TL are at increased risk for chronic disease and death. Even so, technical challenges associated with TL measurement have led some to question their utility as a biomarker of aging. Several pre-analytical factors influence TL assessment via qPCR including tissue source, sample storage, and DNA extraction method. Additional work has investigated how conditions within the PCR run (e.g. mastermix reagents) influences precision and reproducibility of TL measurements. However, the impact of power supply remains unclear. Momentary fluctuations in power supply can affect the functioning of high-performance electronics, including real-time thermocylers. These fluctuations can be mitigated by using an uninterruptible power source (UPS), an electronic apparatus capable of supplying constant, uninterrupted voltage to high-performance electronics. The current study investigated how using a UPS influenced TL assessment via qPCR. Standard deviation and coefficient of variation across replicates were compared for samples assessed with or without the use of a UPS. Samples run with a UPS had significantly lower standard deviation (p<0.001) and coefficient of variation (p=0.002) than those run without a UPS. Notably, neither the efficiency of exponential amplification (p=0.674) nor the standard curve R2 (p=0.638) varied as a function of UPS status. Thus, UPS status decreases variability within sample replicates while maintaining the overall quality of the qPCR assay. *The work presented was supported by the Telomere Research Network, an NIH-sponsored working-group recently established to coordinate best practices for measuring telomere length in population-based research.

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Xiao, Juan. "The Design of Marine 24 V DC Uninterruptible Power Supply." Applied Mechanics and Materials 536-537 (April 2014): 1537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.536-537.1537.

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A marine DC uninterruptible power supply is designed. The UPS adopts PIC16C73 single-chip microcomputer to realize the battery management. Both AC power and battery power, the output voltage stability in 23 to 24 v.Via advanced battery management, two sections of charging, equalized charging and floating charging can automatic convert and the DCUPS has many functions of protection, such as over-voltage protection ,under voltage protection and short circuit protection.The actual use on the ship and other occasions showed that the DCUPS is convenient and practical,and is more simple, reliable and longer emergency power supply than the traditional AC-DC uninterruptible power supply management scheme.

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A, Ogunrinde M., Adewole S. M., and Abdulsalami B. A. "Modification of an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) for an Extended Running Time." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 7, no. 7 (July 29, 2017): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v7i7.101.

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Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) is increasingly becoming popular as a means of providing conditioned and uninterrupted power supply to sensitive and non-sensitive loads at critical and non-critical times.Sensitive modern equipment with very low tolerance for power fluctuation and failures are on the increase due to advancement in science and technology, theseequipment however require power backed up if they are to perform optimally. This study focuses on modification of the UPS in order to extend its running time.A used and dumped UPS working at a back-up time of between 0 to 10mins was modified to accommodate two, 75AH Lead acid batteries, using 1400VA Zinox UPS. An extended backup time of between 2hrs to 8hrs on the same UPS using Lead Acid/Deep Cycle batteries was achieved which at the same time operating within a very low budget.

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Danayiyen, Yahya, Kyungsuk Lee, Minho Choi, and Young Il Lee. "Model Predictive Control of Uninterruptible Power Supply with Robust Disturbance Observer." Energies 12, no. 15 (July 25, 2019): 2871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152871.

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This paper presents a robust continuous control set model predictive control (CCS-MPC) method to control the output voltage of a three-phase inverter in uninterruptible power supplies (UPS). A robust disturbance observer (DOB) is proposed to estimate the load current of the three-phase UPS without a steady-state error, taking the effect of model uncertainties into account. A CCS-MPC is designed using the DOB for reference voltage tracking purpose, and input constraints are considered in the controller design to calculate the optimal control input. Model uncertainties are defined using polytopic uncertainty class, and a linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization method is used to compute the optimal observer gain matrix. Another robust controller (RC) is designed based on the DOB and compared with CCS-MPC. The effectiveness of the proposed method (the DOB based CCS-MPC) is evaluated for resistive, inductive, and nonlinear loads then compared with other control methods using a three-phase 5-KVA laboratory experiment UPS system.

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Kwon, Jung-Min. "Composite Energy Storage System with Photovoltaic Power Generation and Uninterruptible Power Supply Function." International Journal of Photoenergy 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/830341.

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A composite energy storage system (CESS) that includes a photovoltaic (PV) power generation and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) function is proposed. This system has three operating modes, namely, a grid-connected inverter mode, a grid-connected rectifier mode, and an islanding mode. This system is composed of a boost converter, a three-phase inverter/rectifier, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and thyristor switches. The boost converter extracts maximum power from the PV panels and sends it to the DC-link. The bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected between the battery and the DC-link, which leads to an optimized charging/discharging operation. The three-phase inverter/rectifier transmits the power to and from the grid. Also, it operates as a UPS in the islanding mode. The thyristor switches are used for connecting/disconnecting between the grid and the AC load. A 15 kW prototype is implemented to verify the performance of the proposed system.

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Muranto, Nomon, Atmam, and Zulfahri . "Studi Peralihan Daya Listrik dari PLN ke Generator Set (Genset) Ketika Terjadi Pemadaman dari PLN dengan Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Pada Hotel Grand Elite Pekanbaru." SainETIn 3, no. 1 (December 29, 2018): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/sainetin.v3i1.3026.

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Hotel Grand Elite Pekanbaru mendapat suplai daya listrik dari PLN sebesar 1250 kVA dan mempunyai tiga buah unit Generator-set (Genset) kapasitas 500 kVA sebagai back-up suplai daya listrik apabila terjadinya pemadaman listrik dari PLN. Namun demikian penggunaan genset tersebut tidak dapat melayani beban secara cepat dimana hal ini disebabkan adanya kerusakan pada rangkaian Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS). Untuk itu diperlukan rancangan sistem suplai daya tak terputus yang dapat menyuplai beban, khususnya beban emergency dengan menggunakan Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS). Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh total beban emergency Hotel Grand Elite Pekanbaru sebesar 125,779 kVA terdiri dari beban lift 32,670 kVA dan beban Elite Fitnes Center 67,952 kVA sehingga diperlukan kapasitas UPS sebesar 150 kVA. Penambahan suplai daya UPS sangat cocok karena disamping sebagai solusi akibat kurangnya daya listrik ketika terjadi pemadaman dari PLN dan juga dapat memback-up beban emergency pada Hotel Grand Elite Pekanbaru. Kata kunci : Generator-set, Uninterruptible Power Supply

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Reddy, Mrs G. Rajitha. "A Multi Energy Source UPS System using IOT." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 3293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35780.

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This paper presents the Multi energy source UPS system using IOT. This concept is very useful for the customers who want to achieve UPS (uninterruptible power supply) from various sources like solar, generator, main, and Battery Powered. This System will work Automatically or the user can Switch (manually) the Sources through wireless IOT platform.

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Sun, Xiao Jing, Xing Gui Wang, and Chun Ning Wang. "The Research and Application of the Internal Combustion Engine Power Plant--Rotary UPS Monitoring Systems." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 2207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.2207.

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The Internal Combustion Engine Power Plant and Flywheel Battery were the two primarily compositive units of the Internal Combustion Engine Power Plant --Rotary UPS, among them the Internal Combustion Engine Power Plant ensured the continuous power supply to the load after the breaking of the mains supply, the Flywheel Battery ensured the uninterruptible continuous power supply to the load when mains supply switched to the Internal Combustion Engine Power Plant, so the paper started with the two units, Introduced the control system structure and principle, and focused on discussing the method of achieving the Internal Combustion Engine Power Plant --Rotary UPS telecommunication by Ethernet. The method had been applied in correlative production. The practice showed that it was convenient for usage and high reliability.

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Chen, Han Lin. "Fault Analysis of AC Uninterruptible Power Supply System in Gas Pipeline Compressor Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 1839–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.1839.

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Regarding the AC UPS fault accident happened in one compressor station which caused severe consequence with gas transmission pipeline, this paper lists the possible reasons based on the recorded fault code and equipment configuration, and solutions are proposed for modification. In the end, recommendations are given for the future project design of AC UPS.

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Alves, Wendell, Lenin Morais, and Porfirio Cortizo. "Design of an Highly Efficient AC-DC-AC Three-Phase Converter Using SiC for UPS Applications." Electronics 7, no. 12 (December 11, 2018): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7120425.

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With the constant increase of energy consumption in the world, the efficiency of systems and equipment is becoming more important. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) is an equipment that provides safe and reliable supply for critical load systems, that is, systems where a supply interruption can lead to economical or even human losses. The Double Conversion UPS is the most complete UPS class in terms of load protection, regulation, performance, and reliability, however, it has lower efficiency and higher cost because of its high number of power converters. Silicon Carbide devices are emerging as an opportunity to construct power converters with higher efficiency and higher power density. The main purpose of this work is to design a three-phase AC-DC-AC converter using Silicon Carbide for Double Conversion UPS applications. The aim is to maximize efficiency and minimize volume and mass. The methodologies to size and choose the main hardware components are described in detail. Experimental results obtained with the prototype prove the high efficiency and high power density achievable with Silicon Carbide Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFETs).

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S, Ganesh, Chiranjit Ghosh T, Kokilasree R, Nandhakumar M, and Md Haroon Alim T. "DC UPS for Critical Loads." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i2.pp231-242.

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The usual way to avoid a computer shutdown during a mains failure is to connect an uninterruptible power supply system (UPS), which can be suitably modified and fitted inside the computer cabinet by the use of proposed methodology known as a dc UPS. Conventional desk top UPS systems store electricity in form of chemical energy in batteries and when ever mains fail the batteries provide DC power which is then converter to ac by inverter and then fed to the computer in order to save critical data. Thus power from mains or from UPS is fed to switched mode power supply unit which converts it to dc to supply the computer motherboard and accessories. Leaving the case of the computer powered by mains, duing power failure the dc power is unnecessarily converted to ac and then to dc again in SMPS hence high switching losses and heat is produced there by making the entire system very lowe efficient. In this work it is proposed to directly feed the dc power from the battery to the computer SMPS system by building a UPS arrangement within the computer system. This not noly saves space, it is highly efficient compared to the conventional ups system, easy to carry, low cost and reliable since there is no change over operation is required/. A complete design of an ac to dc power supply with an internal dc UPS is presented in this paper. . A prototype has been fully developed and tested as a PC power supply. Thus the result is achieved at full power about 6-8 minutes.

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Krachangchaeng, Napat, and Sakorn Po-Ngam. "The Three-Level Sine-Wave Inverter with Power Factor Correction (PFC)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 781 (August 2015): 402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.781.402.

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Nowadays, the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is important in reliability for electric device. The UPS need high quality electricity. Therefore, the simulation of the three-level sine-wave inverter with power factor correction (PFC) is proposed in this paper. Moreover, the circuit’s guidelines of the active PFC controller in the active PFC and the sinusoidal output voltage are also presented. Validity of the proposed the three-level sine-wave inverter with the active PFC is confirmed by simulation. The simulation results show the very small current harmonics, the input power factor most nearly unity and constant output voltage when the suddenly step-load changed.

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Ko, Kwang-Yong, Choul-Ki Lee, Min-Sung Kim, Nak-Won Heo, and Jun-Ha Jeong. "A Study on Standardization of UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) for Traffic Signal Controller." Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems 11, no. 5 (October 30, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.12815/kits.2012.11.5.001.

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Ko, Kwang-Yong, Choul-Ki Lee, Min-Sung Kim, Nak-Won Heo, and Jun-Ha Jeong. "A Study on Standardization of UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) for Traffic Signal Controller." Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems 11, no. 5 (October 30, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.12815/kits.2012.11.5.1.

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Lin, Qiongbin, Fenghuang Cai, Wu Wang, Sixiong Chen, Zhe Zhang, and Shi You. "A High-Performance Online Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) System Based on Multitask Decomposition." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 55, no. 6 (November 2019): 7575–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2019.2935929.

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Palamar, Andriy, Elmo Pettai, and Viktor Beldjajev. "Control System for a Diesel Generator and UPS Based Microgrid." Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University. Power and Electrical Engineering 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10144-010-0019-x.

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Control System for a Diesel Generator and UPS Based MicrogridIn this paper a microgrid composed of a diesel generator and two uninterruptible power supply systems with separate battery banks is introduced. The microgrid located in three academic buildings of Tallinn University of Technology. A three-level control and monitoring system for the microgrid based on the EtherNet/IP communication network is developed. In addition, a control strategy of the microgrid in the grid-connected and stand-alone mode of operation is proposed.

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Dobrucky, Branislav, Jozef Sedo, and Roman Konarik. "Combining DVR and UPS Techniques for an Uninterruptable Supply of Ultra-Sensitive Non-Linear Appliances." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 26, no. 3 (June 26, 2020): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eie.26.3.25769.

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The paper deals with an application of combined techniques of dynamical voltage restorer (DVR) and uninterruptible power supply (UPS) that make possible both the short voltage sags compensation, as well as longer power supply interruptions, under the simultaneous operation of equipment and network. This is enabled mainly by an instantaneous voltage sag detection, quick bidirectional over-switches, and an instantaneous control method of the output voltage. This needs a fast control method, which can provide a voltage recovery for phase-sensitive loads during several calculation steps, so the dead-beat regulator is used. Such a system even compensates for the influence of non-linear loads on the power supply network without a change of a phase and amplitude of the supply voltage. The simulation results in Matlab/Simulink, as well as real experiments and their comparison results, are given in the paper.

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Srivastava, Dr Gaurav. "Concept Designing of a Solar Photovoltaic UPS System with Sunlight Tracker." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 15, 2021): 1391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36508.

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This paper defines the design of UPS system with the help of sun tracking system, as a source for chargingthe battery to provide the backup power when the regular power source fails. This authentication is provided by obtaining the theoretical calculation of output power, output current and output voltage which are developed due to solar radiations. In this system, if the primary load is not in use, then the power is automatically switching over to secondary load. Basically, an UPS is electrical equipment that is used at the time of emergency. The battery bank is charged with the help of solar photovoltaic cell. This paper proposed an approach to understand the peak power point of the sun based on analysis of the open-circuit voltage of the PV panel. This project provides the power supply to a load which is uninterruptible, by automatically selecting the supply from the main source or inverter.

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Oliveira, Tiago, Luís Caseiro, André Mendes, Sérgio Cruz, and Marina Perdigão. "Model Predictive Control for Paralleled Uninterruptible Power Supplies with an Additional Inverter Leg for Load-Side Neutral Connection." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 18, 2021): 2270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082270.

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Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) have been demonstrated to be the key technology in feeding either single- and three-phase loads in a wide range of critical applications, such as high-tier datacenters and medical facilities. To increase the overall system power capacity and resilience, UPS systems are usually connected in parallel. When UPS systems are parallel connected, a circulating current can rise, inhibiting correct system operation. Moreover, having a controlled load power distribution is another fundamental requirement in paralleled UPS systems. However, strategies to ensure these two topics have not been explored to date for UPS systems with a load-side neutral connection. This paper proposes an innovative Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) strategy that ensures circulating current elimination and controlled load power distribution for paralleled UPS systems that use an additional inverter leg for load neutral point connection. Additionally, a system topology based on two parallel-connected UPS systems that can simultaneously supply single- and three-phase critical loads is proposed. Experimental results show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control techniques even when different types of loads are connected to the UPS systems.

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Gu, Bonhyun, Heeyun Lee, Changbeom Kang, Donghwan Sung, Sanghoon Lee, Sunghyun Yun, Sung Kwan Park, Gu-Young Cho, Namwook Kim, and Suk Won Cha. "Receding Horizon Control of Cooling Systems for Large-Size Uninterruptible Power Supply Based on a Metal-Air Battery System." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 1, 2020): 1611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071611.

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As application of electric energy have expanded, the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) concept has attracted considerable attention, and new UPS technologies have been developed. Despite the extensive research on the batteries for UPS, conventional batteries are still being used in large-scale UPS systems. However, lead-acid batteries, which are currently widely adopted in UPS, require frequent maintenance and are relatively expensive as compared with some other kinds of batteries, like metal-air batteries. In previous work, we designed a novel metal-air battery, with low cost and easy maintenance for large-scale UPS applications. An extensive analysis was performed to apply our metal-air battery to the hybrid UPS model. In this study, we focus on including an optimal control system for high battery performance. We developed an algorithm based on receding horizon control (RHC) for each fan of the cooling system. The algorithm reflects the operation properties of the metal-air battery so that it can supply power for a long time. We solved RHC by applying dynamic programming (DP) for a corresponding time. Different variables, such as current density, oxygen concentration, and temperature, were considered for the application of DP. Additionally, a 1.5-dimensional DP, which is used for solving the RHC, was developed using the state variables with high sensitivity and considering the battery characteristics. Because there is no other control variable during operation, only one control variable, the fan flow, was used, and the state variables were divided by section rather than a point. Thus, we not only developed a sub-optimal control strategy for the UPS but also found that fan control can improve the performance of metal-air batteries. The sub-optimal control strategy showed stable and 6–10% of improvement in UPS operating time based on the simulation.

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Katarzyński, Jacek, and Marek Olesz. "Fault Loop Impedance Measurement in Circuits Fed by UPS and Principle of Safety Protection." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (December 4, 2020): 10126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122310126.

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This paper indicates a significant problem of uncertainty of fault loop impedance (FLI) measurement in circuits powered from uninterruptible power supply (UPS) (double-conversion AC-DC-AC). The correctly determined value of this impedance, related to the short-circuit current disconnection time and to the reference value, is one of the most important elements that determines the approval of an electrical installation and its receivers for operation. To define the principles of FLI measurement, several hundred measurements of the short-circuit loop impedance in the circuits fed by the UPS, in various UPS operation modes and with various FLI instruments, were made, which allowed for the definition of measurement rules that reduce the error in assessing the effectiveness of protection against electric shock by automatic disconnection of supply. Based on the analysis of voltage and current waveforms recorded during the real short-circuit tests in the circuit fed by the UPS, a proprietary algorithm for determining the short-circuit loop impedance has been proposed.

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Aamir, Muhammad, and Saad Mekhilef. "An Online Transformerless Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) System With a Smaller Battery Bank for Low-Power Applications." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 32, no. 1 (January 2017): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2016.2537834.

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Silva, Sérgio Augusto Oliveira da, Pedro F. Donoso-Garcia, Porfírio C. Cortizo, and Paulo F. Seixas. "A line-interactive UPS system implementation with series-parallel active power-line conditioning for three-phase, four-wire systems." Sba: Controle & Automação Sociedade Brasileira de Automatica 16, no. 2 (June 2005): 200–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-17592005000200008.

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This paper presents a three-phase line-interactive uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system with active series-parallel power-line conditioning capabilities. Synchronous reference frame (SRF)-based controller is used for harmonic and reactive power compensation generated from any configuration of non-linear loads. Under normal line conditions the UPS system works with universal filtering capabilities, such as compensating the input currents and output voltages. Two three-phase pulsewidth modulation (PWM) converters, called series and parallel active filters, are used to perform the series and parallel active power-line compensation. The series active filter works as sinusoidal current source in phase with the input voltage, drawing from utility sinusoidal and balanced input currents with low total harmonic distortion (THD). The parallel active filter works as sinusoidal voltage source in phase with the input voltage, providing regulated and sinusoidal output voltages with low THD. The performance of the UPS system is evaluated in three-phase, four-wire systems. Experimental results are presented to confirm the theoretical studies.

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Ali, Muhammad, Muhammad Aamir, Hussain Sarwar Khan, Asad Waqar, Faheem Haroon, and Atif Raza Jafri. "Lyapunov Stability and Performance Analysis of the Fractional Order Sliding Mode Control for a Parallel Connected UPS System under Unbalanced and Nonlinear Load Conditions." Energies 11, no. 12 (December 13, 2018): 3475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123475.

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Parallel-connected uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems have been used to maintain power supply to the critical load in order to increase power capacity and system reliability. This paper presents a robust and precise voltage control strategy for parallel-connected UPS systems. Each parallel-connected UPS system consists of a three-phase inverter with an output inductor-capacitor (LC) filter directly connected to an AC common bus in order to feed the critical load. Fractional-order sliding mode control (FOSMC) is proposed to maintain the quality of the output voltage despite linear, unbalanced and/or nonlinear load condition. The Riemann-Liouville (RL) fractional derivative is employed in designing the sliding surface. The voltage control strategy effectively eliminates the parametric uncertainties, external disturbances, and reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the output voltage. Furthermore, it also maintains very good voltage regulation such as dynamic response and steady-state error under the nonlinear or unbalanced load conditions. The stability of the proposed controller is proven by applying Lyapunov stability theory. Droop control approach and virtual output impedance (VOI) loop are investigated to guarantee the accurate active and reactive power-sharing for parallel-connected UPS system. Finally, the implementation of the control scheme is carried out by using MATLAB/Simulink real-time environment.

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Olaitan, Akinsanmi, Adedayo Kayode, and Gerald Kelechi. "Reliability Assessment of Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) System for Medical Operations in Zaria Kaduna State." Communications on Applied Electronics 3, no. 6 (December 24, 2015): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/cae2015651980.

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KOZIEŁ, Joanna. "Using the FTA method to analyze the quality of an uninterruptible power supply unitreparation UPS." PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY 1, no. 1 (January 5, 2019): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/48.2019.01.20.

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Iftikhar, Muhammad, Muhammad Aamir, Asad Waqar, Naila, Fahad Muslim, and Imtiaz Alam. "Line-Interactive Transformerless Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) with a Fuel Cell as the Primary Source." Energies 11, no. 3 (March 2, 2018): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11030542.

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Peippo, K., P. D. Lund, and J. Tummavuori. "Coupling the PV array with a standard uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system in commercial buildings." Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 4, no. 4 (July 1996): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-159x(199607/08)4:4<315::aid-pip138>3.0.co;2-b.

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Rispoli, Fabio, Michele Iannuzzi, Edoardo De Robertis, Ornella Piazza, Giuseppe Servillo, and Rosalba Tufano. "Warning! Fire in the ICU." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 29, no. 3 (May 28, 2014): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x1400048x.

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AbstractAt 5:30 pm on December 17, 2010, shortly after a power failure, smoke filled the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Federico II University Hospital in Naples, Italy, triggering the hospital emergency alarm system. Immediately, staff began emergency procedures and alerted rescue teams. All patients were transferred without harm. The smoke caused pharyngeal and conjunctival irritation in some staff members. After a brief investigation, firefighters discovered the cause of the fire was a failure of the Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS).RispoliF, IannuzziM, De RobertisE, PiazzaO, ServilloG, TufanoR. Warning! Fire in the ICU. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(3):1-2.

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Le, Phuong Minh, Dzung Quoc Phan, Huy Minh Nguyen, and Phong Hoai Nguyen. "Designing an uninterruptible power supply based on the high efficiency push–pull converter." Science and Technology Development Journal 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v16i3.1610.

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This paper presents an implementation of the DC/DC push–pull converter for an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Some classical DC/DC converters are presented and analyzed for pointing out their advantages and drawbacks. Besides, an original system based on a push-pull converter associated with a dynamic modulation control is chosen. The main advantage is the possibility to control the delivered electric power in a wide range from very low level to high level of voltage within the same basic architecture. It can reduce the switching power losses and increase the power conversion efficiency. This paper proposed a new control scheme of the DC/DC converter and DC/AC inverter. The suggested system consists of a high efficiency DC/DC converter and a singlephase DC/AC inverter has been simulated using Matlab/Simulink and designed basing on the DSP TMS320F28027. Both results show high performances of the DC link and AC load voltages, when load changes from zero to rated. The performance of the proposed system has been verified through a 1kW prototype of the system for a 50 Hz/220-230 VAC load sourcing by two series connected batteries of 12V. The proposed DC/DC converter achieves a high efficiency of 93.0%. The system including the DC/DC converter and DC/AC inverter achieves an efficiency of 91.2% and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of AC load voltage reached 1.9%.

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Kustori, Kustori. "MONITORING DAN KONTROL PADA UPS MENGGUNAKAN MONITORING HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE ( HMI ) SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI LABOLATORIUM LISTRIK POLITEKNIK PENERBANGAN SURABAYA." Jurnal Penelitian 4, no. 4 (December 23, 2019): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46491/jp.v4e4.470.10-17.

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Gedung Labolatorium Praktik Integrasi di Politaknik Penerbangan Surabaya, belum memiliki alat peraga ( Praktikum ) Uninterruptible Power Supply(UPS), sebagai supply catu daya cadangan apabila PLN OFF. Generator set (genset) membutuhkan waktu sekitar 12 detik untuk menyala setelah PLN OFF, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan adanya UPS guna memberikan perlindungan listrik bersih tak terputus atau interupt pada beban yang terhubung. Jadi, sistem kerja dari UPS tidak pernah OFF dan selalu standby dengan berbagai situasi dan kondisi. Dengan demikian, sistem di dalam UPS semakin lama semakin berkurang ketahanan dan usianya. Ketahanan dalam penyimpanan catu daya cadangan akan semakin melemah karena penggunaan yang setiap saat. Oleh karena itu apabila terjadi gangguan pada salah satu UPS yang dapat menyebabkan UPS tersebut tidak dapat bekerja sebagai mana mestinya, dibutuhkannya backup lain yang tetap akan dapat mem-backup beban UPS yang tidak dapat bekerja tersebut. Peneliti mencoba untuk membuat monitoring dan kontrol pada UPS menggunakan monitoring Human Machine intervase ( HMI ) yang bertujuan untuk menjaga suatu sistem tetap berfungsi dengan normal walaupun terdapat elemen yang tidak berfungsi. Hal ini biasanya dicapai dengan memiliki komponen backup yang berfungsi sama dengan elemen sistem. Sistem HMI pada UPS menekankan pada parameter seperti arus dan tegangan menggunakan personal computer (PC) sebagai interface dengan device pengontrol yaitu Mikrocontroller.

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Aamir, Muhammad, Wajahat Ullah Tareen, Kafeel Ahmed Kalwar, Mudasir Ahmed Memon, and Saad Mekhilef. "A High-Frequency Isolated Online Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) System with Small Battery Bank for Low Power Applications." Energies 10, no. 4 (March 23, 2017): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en10040418.

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Fathulyaqin, Dimas, Ucuk Darusalam, and Ira Diana Sholihati. "Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Kualitas Produk UPS Terbaik Menggunakan Metode Topsis dan SAW." STRING (Satuan Tulisan Riset dan Inovasi Teknologi) 6, no. 1 (August 5, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/string.v6i1.9898.

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Every electronic device requires a good power supply so it perform functionally needed. Many devices use electrical energy. Starting from a laptop or computer device, TV, AC, refrigerator, cellphone, lights all use electric power. Even in every agency or company requires electrical energy for work activities to be more optimal. UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) itself is very useful for protecting electronic devices from blackouts that can occur at any time. This tool stores electrical energy such as battery and re-flows it, so that devices such as computers are not damaged. By using the calculation algorithm method TOPSIS (Technique For Others Reference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) in making the best UPS quality decisions in terms of quality of goods by considering the quality of weight with the following criteria: Price, Capacity (VA), Capacity (Watts) and Runtime at 60W (min).

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Al Kadhimi, Basim Mohammed. "Analysis for Industrial Grid Containing Nonlinear Loads." Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences 5, no. 1 (April 12, 2018): 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol5.iss1.64.

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Harmonics is the most important issue among all issues related to the power quality. Harmonics comes from different non-linear loads like uninterruptible power supplies systems (UPS), variable speed motor drives, rectifiers, personal computers, adjustable speed drives, fluorescent lighting, rectifier banks, data processing loads, arc furnaces, and so on. Simulation of a real power supply system that consists of linear loads and nonlinear loads as variable speed drives has been carried out in the work. Variable speed drives generate harmonics into supply system that contains different values of compensated capacitors. Calculations of equivalent system reactance for generated harmonics, voltage harmonics, voltage harmonics in percentage, THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of voltage, frequency characteristics, current flows in the system capacitor units have been worked out using Mathcad software. The obtained results have been compared with the European Standard (EN 50160) for supply quality requirements of the European Union.

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Rohman, Nurshahirah Athirah, Nor Farahaida Abdul Rahman, and Muhammad Ammirrul Atiqi Mohd Zainuri. "Characteristics of lead-acid and nickel metal hydride batteries in uninterruptible power supply operation." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 1520. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1520-1528.

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Batteries are one of the main elements in Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPSs). To maintain good operation during power failure, UPSs must have adequate energy for their operation. It depends on the reliability and performance of batteries. Owing to low capital cost and wide availability, lead-acid batteries have been used extensively as the main energy source in UPSs. Nevertheless, as batteries technology grown, Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries have offered more promising performance than lead-acid batteries; they are installed in various portable electronic devices. This paper provides an overview of the performance of lead-acid and NiMH batteries during the operation of a single-phase UPS. Their performances are studied based on 2 characteristics which are discharge curve and State of Charge (SOC). Based on those characteristics, both batteries have shown different performances. Simulation results have shown that the NiMH battery exhibits better discharge curve with higher voltage capacity and constant discharge current, and it is more reliable to obtain 12V at minimum percentage of SOC than the lead-acid battery.

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Zhang, Xinjing, Haobai Xue, Yujie Xu, Haisheng Chen, and Chunqing Tan. "An investigation of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) based on supercapacitor and liquid nitrogen hybridization system." Energy Conversion and Management 85 (September 2014): 784–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.01.058.

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Chitra, K., and A. Jeevanandham. "Design and implementation of maximum constant boost switched inductor z-source inverter for three-phase on-line uninterrupted power supply." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 34, no. 4 (July 6, 2015): 1101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-08-2014-0189.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the Switched Inductor Z-Source Inverter (SLZSI) topology for three-phase on-line uninterruptible power supply (UPS) by employing third harmonic injected maximum constant boost pulse width modulation (PWM) control. Conventional UPS consists of step-up transformer or boost chopper along with voltage source inverter (VSI) which reduces the efficiency and increases energy conversion cost. The proposed three-phase UPS by using SLZSI has the voltage boost capability through shoot through zero state which is not available in traditional VSI and current source inverter. Design/methodology/approach – Performance of three-phase on-line UPS based on ZLZSI by using third harmonic injected maximum constant boost PWM control is analyzed and evaluated in MATLAB/Simulink software and the results are compared with Z-source inverter (ZSI) fed UPS. Experimental results are presented for the validation of the simulation and theoretical analysis. Findings – The output voltages, currents, THD values, voltage stress and efficiencies for different loading condition are determined and compared with the theoretical values and UPS with ZSI. The experimental results validate the theoretical and simulation results. Originality/value – Compared with the traditional ZSI, the SLZSI provides high-voltage boost inversion ability with a very short shoot through zero state. This proposed UPS by using SLZSI increases the efficiency with less number of components, reduces the harmonics, increases the voltage gain and reduces the voltage stress.

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Monfared, M. "A simplified control strategy for single-phase UPS inverters." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 62, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2014-0037.

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Abstract Though there are many strategies to control single-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) inverters, they suffer from some drawbacks, the main being complexity. This paper proposes a simple dual-loop controller for the single-phase UPS inverter with the LC filter. The suggested control scheme uses the capacitor current as the feedback signal in the inner current loop. No fictitious phase generation or reference frame transformations are required, and simple proportional gains are employed as both voltage and current regulators. A feedforward of the derivative of the output voltage is also proposed, which significantly improves the performance of the closed loop control system. Then, based on the model of the inverter with the proposed control strategy, a simple and systematic design procedure is presented. Finally, the theoretical achievements are supported by extensive simulations.

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Hussein, Husham. "On -Line UPS with Low Frequency Transformer for Isolation." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 10, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.10.2.5.

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This paper addressed the design of online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system with a low frequency transformer for isolation, based on given specifications which include bypass switch and battery and taken into account the concentrated on open loop operation. Depending on the application, the online UPS system is composed by two stage conversions of AC/DC and DC/AC, the enclosure of these freeloading effects of all components and devices is very important to design the UPS system for acceptable performance. The initial stage of the design is based on the theoretical calculations and few assumptions have been made throughout the design. Simulation work has been carried out by MATLAB/Simulink program to validate the operation of the online UPS system with low frequency transformer isolation. The analysis of the results are presented and the justifications with regards to performance evaluation parameters which some are not satisfied the design specifications are discussed in details.

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Shahparasti, Mahdi, Mehdi Savaghebi, Majid Hosseinpour, and Navid Rasekh. "Enhanced Circular Chain Control for Parallel Operation of Inverters in UPS Systems." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 30, 2020): 8062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198062.

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In this paper, a current sharing method based on the circular chain control (3C) method is proposed for controlling parallel inverters of unequal ratings in uninterruptible power supply (UPS) applications. Due to its circular structure, 3C is one of the most convenient methods which can be used in UPS as well as microgrid systems. However, the conventional 3C control strategy is only applicable to inverters of equal power ratings. The proposed method not only retains the circular structure of the 3C method, but also provides adaptability for the parallel operation of inverters with different power ratings. Moreover, this method adds hot-swap capability to the parallel inverter. A two-loop control structure is used to control the inverters. For proper current sharing, currents of inverters are conveyed in a circular structure with appropriate gains through control links. Simulation and experimental results for linear and nonlinear loads verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

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Lee, Jun-Young, Kyung-Wook Heo, Kyu-Tae Kim, and Jee-Hoon Jung. "Analysis and Design of Three-Phase Buck Rectifier Employing UPS to Supply High Reliable DC Power." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 1704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071704.

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In the DC distribution system, to step down the DC voltage level from the AC grid voltage, the conventional topologies require multiple power conversion stages and bulky line-frequency transformers, which degrade their power density and cost-effectiveness. In addition, the conventional topologies suffer from a shoot-through problem resulting in their low system reliability. In this paper, to overcome the above issues, systematic design approaches of a three-phase buck rectifier with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and a protection algorithm are proposed to obtain the high reliability of the DC distribution system, which can deal with fault conditions and can regulate the output voltage level. It only requires a single stage of the three-phase buck rectifier. Also, a thyristor switch is added without any commutation circuits to cut off the output from the fault circuit. The shoot-through faults do not occur in the buck rectifier, leading to high reliability. A dual-active-bridge (DAB) DC-DC converter is applied as the UPS to supply the electric power from the battery when the buck rectifier is shut down under the fault conditions. Finally, the protection algorithm is proposed to detect the fault conditions and to regulate the output voltage level.

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Caseiro, Luís, and André Mendes. "Fault Analysis and Non-Redundant Fault Tolerance in 3-Level Double Conversion UPS Systems Using Finite-Control-Set Model Predictive Control." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 15, 2021): 2210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082210.

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Fault-tolerance is critical in power electronics, especially in Uninterruptible Power Supplies, given their role in protecting critical loads. Hence, it is crucial to develop fault-tolerant techniques to improve the resilience of these systems. This paper proposes a non-redundant fault-tolerant double conversion uninterruptible power supply based on 3-level converters. The proposed solution can correct open-circuit faults in all semiconductors (IGBTs and diodes) of all converters of the system (including the DC-DC converter), ensuring full-rated post-fault operation. This technique leverages the versatility of Finite-Control-Set Model Predictive Control to implement highly specific fault correction. This type of control enables a conditional exclusion of the switching states affected by each fault, allowing the converter to avoid these states when the fault compromises their output but still use them in all other conditions. Three main types of corrective actions are used: predictive controller adaptations, hardware reconfiguration, and DC bus voltage adjustment. However, highly differentiated corrective actions are taken depending on the fault type and location, maximizing post-fault performance in each case. Faults can be corrected simultaneously in all converters, as well as some combinations of multiple faults in the same converter. Experimental results are presented demonstrating the performance of the proposed solution.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)'

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