Journal articles: 'Union County'

1

Andrews, Alice. "Religious Geography of Union County, Georgia." Journal of Cultural Geography 10, no. 2 (March 1990): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08873639009478444.

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Underwood, Julie. "Under the Law." Phi Delta Kappan 99, no. 8 (April 30, 2018): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721718775687.

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In Janus v. American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees, the U.S. Supreme Court will determine whether unions can compel non-union members to pay “fair share” fees to offset the cost of collective bargaining. Julie Underwood reviews past Supreme Court cases and state law involving union fees.

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Mwau Mulwa, Jonathan. "Moderating effect of Firm Characteristics in the Financing Diversification â€“ Performance nexus among Credit Unions in Kakamega County, Kenya." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 11, no. 5 (December 30, 2016): 2988–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijmit.v11i5.4698.

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The last two decades has seen a lot of creativity and diversity in the funding strategies pursued by credit unions as a result of financial sector liberalization and competitive pressure in the financial system. Research has shown that this diversification is both beneficial and hurting at the same time. However, firm characteristics have not mostly been factored in the diversification â€“ performance analysis though studies in other sectors underline their importance. This therefore prompted this study to analyze the moderation effect that firm characteristics â€“ specifically age, size, membersâ€™ occupation and management structure of credit unions â€“ could have on the relationship between diversification and performance of credit unions in Kenya. The study used a correlation analysis approach on a data set of sixteen credit unions in Kakamega County and found that whereas financing diversification had a significantly positive relationship with credit union performance; credit union size and membersâ€™ occupation significantly improved this relationship while age and management structure significant suppressed the relationship.

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4

Zullo, Roland. "Union Membership and Political Inclusion." ILR Review 62, no. 1 (October 2008): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979390806200102.

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Using county-level data, the author evaluates how labor affected the general population's political behavior during the 2000 U.S. presidential election. Voter turnout increased with unionization, but at declining rates with higher levels of unionization. The unionization/voter turnout link was stronger in counties with lower median incomes, higher income inequality, and lower levels of education, suggesting that unions partially closed the political participation gap between low- and high-SES (socioeconomic status) populations. State right-to-work laws, and the absence of collective bargaining rights for public employees, reduced labor's ability to increase voter turnout. The union effect on candidate preference had a positive, curvilinear association with union membership, but this effect was stronger in high-SES regions than in low-SES regions. Overall, these results imply a paradox for organized labor: unions can effectively increase working-class voter turnout, but they have difficulty persuading the working class to vote for pro-labor political candidates.

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Nack, David, Michael Childers, Alexia Kulwiec, and Armando Ibarra. "The Recent Evolution of Wisconsin Public Worker Unionism since Act 10." Labor Studies Journal 45, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160449x19860585.

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This paper examines the experience of four major public sector unions in Wisconsin since the passage of Wisconsin Act 10 in 2011. The four unions are the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), the American Federation of Teachers (AFT-Wisconsin), the Service Employees International Union (SEIU), and the Wisconsin Education Association Council (WEAC), an affiliate of the National Education Association. Wisconsin’s prior legal framework for public sector collective bargaining is explained and compared to the new highly restrictive framework established by Act 10. That new framework, established by state legislation, is analyzed, as are its impacts on the membership, revenues, structures, and practices of the four unions. In general, we find the impacts to have been very dramatic, with a loss of active union membership averaging approximately 70 percent overall, and concomitant dramatic losses in union revenues and power. These shocks have engendered the restructuring of two of the unions examined, the downsizing of the third, and the de facto exiting from the state’s public sector in another. There have also been significant changes in representation practices in one union, but less so in the others. We conclude by discussing best union practices based on this experience, as well as considering what the recent public sector union history in Wisconsin may portend for public worker union membership nationwide, since the issuing of the Janus Decision by the U.S. Supreme Court.

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Hower, James C., David A. Williams, Cortland F. Eble, Tanaporn Sakulpitakphon, and David P. Moecher. "Brecciated and mineralized coals in Union County, Western Kentucky coal field." International Journal of Coal Geology 47, no. 3-4 (July 2001): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-5162(01)00047-7.

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7

Morgan, Linda P. "From landfill to retail mall: RPA's union county land recycling project." Journal of Urban Technology 2, no. 2 (March 1995): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10630739508724499.

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8

Rotich, Charles K., Nadir O. Hashim, Margaret W. Chege, and Catherine Nyambura. "MEASUREMENT OF RADON ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN UNDERGROUND WATER OF BURETI SUB-COUNTY OF KERICHO COUNTY KENYA." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 192, no. 1 (October 2020): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncaa193.

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Abstract The activity concentration of radon in underground water of Bureti sub-county was measured using liquid scintillating counter device. The average radon activity concentration in all the water samples was 12.41 Bql−1. The maximum and minimum activity concentrations of radon were 22.5 and 4.57 Bql−1, respectively. In total, 53% of the total samples analysed had radon concentration levels above the US Environmental Protection Agency-recommended limit of 11.1 Bql−1. The annual dose received by an individual as a result of waterborne radon was determined according to the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation reports and was found to be 33.23 𝜇Svy−1. All the samples recorded a value <100 𝜇Svy−1 recommended by the World Health Organization and the European Union council.

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9

Schmick, Ethan. "Collective Action and the Origins of the American Labor Movement." Journal of Economic History 78, no. 3 (September 2018): 744–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050718000360.

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This article examines the relationship between collective action and the size of worker and employer groups in the United States. It proposes and tests a theory of union formation and strikes. Using a new county-by-industry level dataset containing the location of unions, the location of strikes, average establishment size, and the number of establishments around the turn of the twentieth century, I find that unions were more likely to form and strikes were more likely to occur in counties with intermediate-sized worker groups and large employer groups.

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10

Ensle, Karen, and Alane McCahey. "Survey Results of Activate Rahway and Get Moving, Get Healthy Union County." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 41, no. 4 (July 2009): S49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2009.03.146.

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11

Lamare, J. Ryan. "Union Influence on Voter Turnout: Results from Three Los Angeles County Elections." ILR Review 63, no. 3 (April 2010): 454–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979391006300305.

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12

Seidman, Steven A. ""County of Allegheny v. American Civil Liberties Union": Embracing the Endorsement Test." Journal of Law and Religion 9, no. 1 (1991): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1051114.

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13

Davis, Larry R., Joan Brumm, and Charles McDonald Jr. "Texar Federal Credit Union: Where Your Friends Are." Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS) 7, no. 5 (August 10, 2011): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v7i5.5605.

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TEXAR Federal Credit Union (formerly Bowie County Teachers Credit Union, Bowie-Cass Teachers Credit Union, and the Teachers Federal Credit Union) has been, from inception in 1951, a provider of a broad range of financial services to its members, primarily in Texarkana, Texas, and Arkansas and the surrounding areas. The credit union experienced normal growth over the years as it progressed through major name changes, especially to TEXAR in 2001. Another significant milestone was the decision to launch a major building program that concluded with moving into a new, large, and modern building in 2003. As the national economy went into a recession in 2008, the states of Texas and Arkansas experienced economic slowdowns that were not as significant as the changes that were reflected in the economic indicators at the national level or those experienced by other states that were much more severely affected. The Texarkana area economy was moderately affected by slowdowns in lending, especially for housing, automobiles, and other durable products.There was additional impact by an elevation in member loan defaults. Another significant occurrence, not related to the local economy, was the failure of U.S. Central Federal Credit Union and Western Corporate (WesCorp) Federal Credit Union and the financial losses of Southwest Corporate Federal Credit Union.Similar to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation that insures losses in the banking industry, the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund (NCUSIF) insures losses among credit unions. To help cover the losses of U.S. Central and WesCorp, TEXAR was assessed approximately $750,000 and because of the losses at Southwest Corporate, it was assessed approximately $700,000.That is the essence of this case.

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14

Makhrachev, Georgiy. "Development of handicraft industry in the period of the new economic policy according to the governorate newspaper “Tambovskaya Pravda”." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 183 (2019): 204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2019-24-183-204-213.

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We give the historiographic criticism of the governorate party newspaper “Tambovskaya Pravda”. We analyze the reflected in its pages relation of the party management to handicraft industry. We provide examples of a newspaper’s propaganda role in engaging handicraftsmen for country needs. We consider the publications devoted to government measures of handicraft industry stimulation at the state and local levels. Among the main areas of state activities we highlight cooperation, holding handicraft exhibitions, the allocation of loans to industrial cooperatives through the bank for consumer cooperation, the involvement of small producers in the political life of the country, as well as the increase of their professional and general cultural level. We pay special attention to the All-Russian Agricultural and Handicraft Exhibition in 1923 and its accompanying events. We give characteristic of the changes in policy that followed the 14th All-Union Conference of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and the 3rd All-Union Congress of Soviets. Based on the articles in the 1927 issues, we conclude that many party under-takings did not have adequate success. We also analyze data on the peculiarities of the handicraft industry restoration in the governorate. We consider the specificity of the county distribution of crafts, as well as their ratio in urban and rural environments.

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15

Wenger, Kathryn, Jacqueline Vadjunec, and Todd Fagin. "Groundwater Governance and the Growth of Center Pivot Irrigation in Cimarron County, OK and Union County, NM: Implications for Community Vulnerability to Drought." Water 9, no. 1 (January 11, 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w9010039.

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16

Bujdosó, Zoltán, Lóránt Dávid, and Gulmira Uakhitova. "The effect of county border on the catchment area of towns on the example of Hajdú-Bihar County – methodology and practice." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 22, no. 22 (December 1, 2013): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2013-0028.

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AbstractTowns constitute 9% of the settlements of Hungary and represent 68% of the population. This value roughly corresponds to the European Union average. Their number, however, considerably grew in the past decade. While in 1980 there were 96 settlements with town status in 1990 there were already 177 and at present there are 324, which is more over three times more than in 1980. Nevertheless, there are significant differences in their size and scope of activities. Several researches have been conducted concerning the urban fields of many settlements and larger territorial units in Hungary but there no comprehensive map of the urban fields has been prepared yet. Inter-settlement relations started to play a more and more important role in the economic life of the country. The paper focuses on the study of the urban fields of the towns situated along the borders of Hajdú- Bihar county pointing out those functions whose attractions remain within the administrative border and those which cross it. The studied area are the towns along the county border. A special methodology was used which could be used for other regions and towns in other countries.

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17

Mosteller, L. Kevin, and Edward Goscicki. "Delivering a New Water Supply to Union County, North Carolina using an Integrated Delivery Model." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2018, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 959–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864718823773418.

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18

Gonzalez, Gilbert G. "The Mexican Citrus Picker Union, The Mexican Consulate, and The Orange County Strike of 1936." Labor History 35, no. 1 (January 1994): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00236569400890031.

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19

Fergen, R. E., J. N. Struve, L. Shealey, and M. Tye. "Metals Site Specific Criteria Development at Twelve Mile Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant, Union County, NC." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2006, no. 6 (January 1, 2006): 5728–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864706783775469.

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20

Ott, Jördis Jennifer. "Noncommunicable disease mortality and life expectancy in immigrants to Israel from the former Soviet Union: county of origin compared with host country." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 87, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/blt.07.045138.

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21

Klutsik, Andrea. "Developing vegetable and fruit marketability potentials in Hajdu-Bihar county in terms of Hungary’s EU accession." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (May 27, 2001): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/3587.

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prearrangement, Hungary will be ready to join the EU by the 1st of January 2003. In the course of negotiations, the Government places special emphasis on agriculture, because Hungary is an agrarian country. Agricultural production is an important economic factor in Hungary: larger a factor in its economic structure than in those of the present EU member-states. In order to preserve competitiveness, Hungarian farmers and itsprocessing industry require information on the EU's CAP and other market influences.In Hajdú-Bihar county the quality of agricultural products fall behind the standards of the European Union. There is no real solidarity among farmers, so they are left alone and are unable to meet higher, those standards, which were introduced by the structural changes of the market. Unfortunately, there is only one fruit and vegetable marketing organization (PO) in the county, although its necessity and effectiveness has been proved several times.Within the framework of Rural Development, agricultural marketing is vital, because together with the local FVM institutes, it can help the farmers by providing consultation, information, and by marketing their products. Since fruit and vegetable growing has a considerable history in Hajdú-Bihar county, marketing activities can be effective in assisting both the farmers and the processing industry in preparation for EU integration.

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22

Munger, Frank. "Legal Resources of Striking Miners: Notes for a Study of Class Conflict and Law." Social Science History 15, no. 1 (1991): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s014555320002099x.

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Union miners stand together,Heed no operator’s tale.Keep your hands upon the dollar,And your eyes upon the scale.—verse from “Miner’s Lifeguard” [Silverman 1975: 389]In 1895, Fayette County, West Virginia, a leading coal county in the southern West Virginia coal fields, experienced widespread strikes by miners. The strikes were remarkable because, in an American industry known for violent labor relations and intensive union organizing since the appearance of the Molly Maguires in Pennsylvania before 1880, this was the first major strike in southern West Virginia. We might attempt to understand the role of law and public authority in these strikes in terms of legal repression by means of the labor injunction, labor conspiracy laws, and strikebreaking by the police and military. But none of these occurred in Fayette in 1895, though the later history of labor conflict in West Virginia is replete with all of them. In another way, however, the legal events accompanying these strikes are far more remarkable and challenge us to examine more subtle connections between class conflict and law.

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23

Hall, Amy, and Dan Schaefer. "The Coalition for Healthy Communities: Fighting to Save LA County Hospitals, Union Jobs, and Patient Care." Labor Studies Journal 29, no. 1 (2004): 43–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lab.2004.0005.

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24

Jafari, Khadijeh, Ayub Ebadi Fathabad, Yadolah Fakhri, Maryam Shamsaei, Mohammad Miri, Reza Farahmandfar, and Amin Mousavi Khaneghah. "Aflatoxin M1 in traditional and industrial pasteurized milk samples from Tiran County, Isfahan Province." Italian Journal of Food Science 33, SP1 (July 13, 2021): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/ijfs.v33isp1.2054.

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In this study, the aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) concentration in traditional and industrial milk and risk assessment due to AFM1 exposure using the Monte Carlo simulations technique was investigated. The mean concentration of AFM1 in traditional and industrial milk samples was 53.00 ± 11.49 and 54.33 ± 12.22 ng/L, respectively, which was higher than European Union and Codex standards. Percentile 95% of hazard quotient (HQ) adults and children due to industrial ingestion milk was 1.056 and 4.956, and traditional milk was 1.031 and 5.116, respectively. Hazard quotient in all age consumers was higher than 1. Therefore, consumers are at a considerable health risk.

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25

Fabula, Szabolcs. "Az esélyegyenlőség és a fogyatékkal élők helyzetének területi különbségei Magyarországon." Jelenkori Társadalmi és Gazdasági Folyamatok 5, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2010): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/jtgf.2010.1-2.39-43.

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People with disabilities is one of the most marginal groups in today's society so ensur-ing their rights and needs is a great challenge for policy makers and planners. This paper reviews the most important agreements and laws about disability in the European Union and Hungary, as well as the New Hungary Development Plan. Later the paper also reveals the spatial differences of the people with disabilities in Hungary on the regional scale and presents relationship between the state of development and the ratio of disabled people. In comparing the data of the country and the South Great Plain the charasteristics of the dis-abled population in age, qualification and employment are also highlighted. Finally there is a short summary of the accessible and non-accessible public buildings in Békés County and Békéscsaba.

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26

Ružić, Vlatka. "Ethical Media Content Adjustment between Croatian and European Union Regulations – Following Local Elections 2013 in Lika-senj County." Journal of Finance and Economics 2, no. 5 (July 14, 2014): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/jfe-2-5-5.

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27

LI, Chih Hsuan, and Kazuo Asahiro. "A study on the CSA union of farmer cooperative development in Shan-Gou village, Yi-Lan County, Taiwan." Landscape Research Japan Online 11 (May 26, 2018): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jilaonline.11.39.

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28

Arendt, Lukasz, Wojciech Grabowski, and Iwona Kukulak-Dolata. "County-Level Patterns of Undeclared Work: An Empirical Analysis of a Highly Diversified Region in the European Union." Social Indicators Research 149, no. 1 (December 13, 2019): 271–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-019-02243-4.

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29

Buteana, Claudia, Zoita M. Berinde, Cristina Mihali, Angela M. Michnea, Anamaria Gavra, and Mirela Simionescu. "Atmospheric Deposition of Copper and Zinc in Maramures County (Romania)." Acta Chemica Iasi 22, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/achi-2014-0014.

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Abstract The need to reduce pollution to levels that minimize adverse effects on human health involve the monitoring of air quality, including dry depositions and their metal content. The analysis of these parameters aims to investigate the air quality in Maramures County (with nonferrous mining activities) and in the Romanian - Ukraine transboundary area. The paper presents the experimental results obtained for dry atmospheric deposition of copper and zinc using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The samples were collected from four location/cities of Maramures County (Baia Mare, Sighetu Marmatiei, Viseu de Sus and Borsa) during May-October 2014. The highest average values of copper concentration in the dry depositions were found in Baia Mare (199.88 μg/g), that is the most important industrial centre in Maramures County, followed by Borsa (111.49 μg/g), that used to be a nonferrous mining centre. In Viseu de Sus and Sighetu Marmatiei the average concentrations of copper in the dry depositions were lower: 75.63 μg/g and 64.26 μg/g, respectively. Zn average concentrations in dry depositions were 6.4-12 times higher than Cu concentrations. In Viseu de Sus and Borsa relative high values of Pearson correlation coefficients between the logarithm of Cu and Zn content in the dry deposition were found (0.702 and 0.737, respectively) estimating that both pollutants in the ambient air have the same sources, probably the re-suspension of the dust from the tailing ponds. This study is implemented within the frame of ENPI Cross-border Cooperation Programme Hungary-Slovakia-Romania-Ukraine 2007-2013, in the project Clean Air Management in the Romania-Ukraine Transboundary Area - (CLAMROUA), financed by the European Union

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Małolepszy, Eligiusz, and Teresa Drozdek-Małolepsza. "Tourism and recreation in the county of Kremenets as presented in “Życie Krzemienieckie” [Life of Kremenets] journal (1932-1939)." Studies in Sport Humanities 27 (December 9, 2020): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6094.

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The aim of this paper is to present tourism and recreation in the county of Kremenets on the pages of “Życie Krzemienieckie” [Life of Kremenets] journal.”Życie Krzemienieckie” was issued in Kremenets in the years 1932-1939 and was published monthly. In some periods, “Życie Krzemienieckie” came out as a biweekly. It was a journal which was to provide information on social, cultural and economic life, as well as tourist and recreational activity, mostly of the Kremenets county community. As far as preparations for drawing up the study are concerned, the following procedures were used: analysis of historical sources, synthesis, induction, deduction and the comparative method. <br>The years 1932-1939 saw the development of tourism and recreation in the county of Kremenets. It was noticeable in the progression of infrastructure for tourism and recreation, e.g. in Kremenets, the Community and Tourism House was built. Some facilities were established for active tourism in the county of Kremenets. In addition to infrastructure, an important element in tourism activity was personnel training. Activity in the fi eld of tourism and recreation was pursued by social organisations including the following; Polish Sightseeing Association (branch in Kremenets), the County Committee for Physical Education and Military Training in Kremenets, the County Committee of Rural Youth in Kremenets, the Volhynian District Skiing Association, Union of Social Organisations and Association of Women’s Civic Work. In the fi eld of tourism, an important role was played by Kremenets Secondary School. In Kremenets, a department of the “Orbis” Travel Agency operated. In the county of Kremenets, mainly sightseeing, school as well asactive tourism was practised, and excursion traffi c in its broad sense was notable.

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Sisofo, Briana, and Anne R. Asman. "HOW A RURAL COMMUNITY ADAPTS TO AN AGING POPULATION USING AN ALLIANCE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3105.

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Abstract Older adult populations in rural America are growing more rapidly than ever before, but most do not have the facilities and resources to support the growth. Good health and quality of life are the driving forces in these communities. However, they need assistance in restructuring their support for older adult services and education, housing, social engagement opportunities, and care for aging-in-place. Summit County Utah is a federally recognized rural community and may act as a functioning model for recognizing and addressing these aging issues for other rural areas within the United States. The Summit County Aging Alliance (SCAA) is a unique union of multiple federal, state and local agencies and, concerned and influential citizens who are helping to create the programs and services needed such as the submission of grants, the reassessment of the senior center, the creation of open communication between county and city politicians, connection of locals with key stakeholders, and growth to geriatric medicine in the area. SCAA is one of the five priorities of the Summit County Health Department Mental Wellness Alliance. SCAA focuses on the issues that are crucial for an older adult to sustain a healthy lifestyle in a rural community.

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Hower, Joseph E. "“I Want to Know How to Protect Myself without Scaring Our Patients”." Radical History Review 2021, no. 140 (May 1, 2021): 49–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-8841682.

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Abstract Drawing on union convention proceedings, reports, newspapers, speeches, and internal memoranda, this article uses the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME) as a case study to explore organized labor’s response to the HIV/AIDS crisis. One the one hand, it shows that AFSCME eventually embraced an ambitious, two-pronged program that fought both for strong workplace safety measures for its members and against discrimination toward those most affected by HIV/AIDS. On the other, it highlights the ways in which the union’s campaign was constrained by a narrow focus on workplace hazards. Prioritizing workers’ protections over patients’ demands for privacy in diagnosis and treatment, AFSCME ultimately subsumed its rhetorical commitment to working-class solidarity beneath what many members saw as a practical need for somatic surveillance and segregation—marginalizing the very communities that the union claimed to protect.

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Wang, Kun, and Hong Gang Lei. "The Connection Technology between Steel Structure and Wooden Antiqued Components." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1070–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1070.

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Sheli Tower in Jing chuan county is a steel frame system, whose connected construction between steel components and antiqued components is very complex. Considering the construction difficulties of Sheli Tower,this paper introduces how to fix the wooden brackets by using welding screw and steel sheet that connected with the columns and the method of packaging the steel eaves purlins into cornice with wooden antiqued components.These solutions ensure the union of force and architectural form, accurately comply with the architecture of Tang style.

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Pasitska, Oksana. "«TRADE LOCAL, BUY LOCAL, BE LOCAL»: AGRICULTURAL EXHIBITIONS AND FAIRS IN HALYCHYNA IN THE 20-30S OF THE 20TH CENTURY." Contemporary era 8 (2020): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/nd.2020-8-19-27.

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The article focuses on the exhibition activities of the Ukrainians, which were reflected upon in periodicals. In particular, it analyzes the organizational aspects and features of fairs and exhibitions of the agricultural products that were held upon the initiative of economic institutions and public organizations such as «Silskyi Hospodar» («The Farmer»), «Maslosoiuz», «Tsentrosoiuz», RSUK («The Auditing Union of Ukrainian Cooperatives»), «Soiuz ukrainok» («The Union of Ukrainian Women»), «The Ukrainian Folk Art» («Ukrainske narodne mystetstvo»), «The Hutsul Art» («Hutsulske mystetstvo»), «The Beekeeping Union» («Pasichnycha spilka»), «Rii» («The Swarm»), «Prosvita» («The Education») county unions, cooperatives, etc. Economic educational institutions also took part in the exhibitions. The first Ukrainian agrotechnical exhibitions were held in Stryi in 1909 and 1907, and later they took place in various Halychyna towns and villages, including Staryi Sambir, Dashava, and Sokal. Cooperative figures, such as D. Sembratovych, E. Olesnytskyi, O. Nyzhankivskyi, O. Lutskyi, A. Zhuk, M. Khronoviat, etc., played an important role in the organization of the given exhibitions. The article outlines the main functions performed by the exhibitions and fairs and the range of goods in demand among the visitors. Each exhibition was divided into separate sections, where the passers-by and the buyers could get acquainted with the results of work of the Ukrainian entrepreneurs and farmers in crop production, horticulture, vegetable growing, animal husbandry, beekeeping, crafts, and agricultural equipment. «Maslosoiuz» products, folk art products, and a wide range of medical products were especially popular at agro-technical exhibitions. Exhibitions and fairs were the manifestation of competitiveness in the local market, a factor of the region's economic and cultural development, as they were accompanied by entertainment and educational activities, including lectures, speeches, and presentations of new economic publications. Keywords: exhibitions, fairs, Halychyna, agricultural exhibitions and fairs

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Niemi, Matti Ilmari. "The Bologna Declaration and Free Movement of European Union Citizens in the Fields of Legal Education and the Legal Profession – Observations in Finland." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 15, no. 4 (December 10, 2017): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1230.

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Finland is a member of the European Higher Education Area. The principles of the Bologna Declaration have become reality in certain respects. The form and structure of Finnish law degrees are uniform with the Bologna model. However, mobility and the free movement of students have only been realised in a limited sense. Finnish law degrees are still closed both in international and national respects. Uniformity of degrees is treated here as a means to carrying out free movement and the right of establishment as the principles of the European Union. Uniformity of degrees is a necessary precondition in recognising degrees earned in another country. Without the recognition of the workmanship and degree earned in a home country, it is very difficult to establish oneself in a host county. Both the basic treaties and the applicable directives of the European Union obligate member states to recognise degrees earned in other member states. There are, however, important exceptions and restrictions. Lawyers often work as judges, prosecutors, bailiffs and other officers. They are subject to exceptions and restrictions. As a rule, advocates have the freedom to provide services and establish themselves in a permanent way, and act as advocates in another member state. Even in this case, there are steps and restrictions. In practice, it is not easy to move to another member state and act as an advocate with the help of a law degree earned in the home state. Basically, the reasons for these difficulties are the differences between national legal systems.

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Kaczyńska, Aneta. "Inter‑Municipal Cooperation in Education as a Possible Remedy for Current Difficulties of Local Government in Poland." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica 5, no. 350 (October 30, 2020): 101–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6018.350.06.

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The purpose of this article is to fill the existing gap and contribute to the literature in two ways: firstly, by investigating problems that caused the emergence of cooperation between two municipalities despite the administrative border at the county level, and secondly, by analysing the effects of joint provision of public education based on a case study from Poland. The case study is preceded by the use of the literature review method. The problem of possible enhancement of inter‑municipal cooperation (IMC) in Poland is proposed as a potential remedy for current difficulties that Polish local governments face after the reform of the education system and the COVID–19 pandemic, as well as due to demographic decline and budgetary challenges. Studies suggest that net benefits of cooperating are higher if IMC partners are smaller and more homogenous with respect to the quality and level of public services. The theory of exploiting economies of scale and scope was studied based on the case study of a Polish inter‑municipal union created only to provide education in two municipalities. The cooperation resulted in little positive financial effects reflected in the lower spending per pupil only in the case of primary school. However, the union caused nonfinancial benefits not only for pupils but also for parents and teachers, who are voters as well. The article concludes that inter‑municipal unions could be used especially by small and rural municipalities that struggle with the previously mentioned problems.

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Nagy, János, Gergely Harsányi, Orsolya Jánosy, Endre Harsányi, and Orsolya Nagy. "The social basis of regional development in the North Great Plain Region." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 61 (September 18, 2014): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/61/2039.

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It is a widely accepted practice in the European Union to break down countries into regions according to their stage of development, their cultural and economic characteristics. The basis of this methodology is the EU-conform MOTS system, which distinguishes territorial units on five levels. Besides the MOTS system, Hungary uses another system, too, which is the basis of our public administration, and whose roots go back to the times of King Saint Stephen: the county system. In Hungary, developmental decisions are taken by a county’s general assembly; at the same time, from an economic point of view the characteristics and competitive advantages of a county can be defined more precisely than those of a region. Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County and Hajdu-Bihaur County may be described with completely different characteristics, albeit both of them are part of the North Great Plain Region. On a county level economically important and justified developmental areas may be mapped more precisely. Hajdu-Bihar County is the 4th most populous county in Hungary. With 80.2% of the population living in cities, the county is significantly urbanized. 2010 statistics show that the birth rate per 1,000 people in the county is practically the same as the birth rate of the country and that of the North Great Plain Region. Following the trends in developed countries, mothers now tend to give birth in an older age. Almost half (44.5%) of the children in Hajdu-Bihar County are born after their mother’s 30th birthday. The general health condition of the population of Hajdu-Bihar County can be described with various indicators. In terms of medical and hospital care no difference can be observed between regional and national data, the county’s health care does not straggle behind. In sum, with the health care system of the county, estimated life expectancy of men is higher than the regional average, and in case of women it is higher than both the regional and national average, according to the given year’s mortality. Children’s ratio among the county’s population is 15.9%, which is more than 1% over the national average. The ratio is higher in case of girls and boys alike. The income of the county’s population depends not only on labour income but also on social benefits. According to the analysis, the proportion of old-age pensioners and those receiving pension-like allowances within the whole population is somewhat lower in the county than the national average. The number of children receiving child-welfare and daytime care is prominent in the county. The number of families and children receiving child-care allowance has not changed significantly in recent years. All important elements of social benefits have increased in the last decade. The quality of life of the county’s population is largely affected by the presence (or absence) of basic infrastructure in their environment. Research conducted at the settlements of the county shows that currently the greater part of the population has access to basic public utility services which form part of everyday services. Although they affect the general quality of life, the network of roads and passenger traffic have their real significance in terms of economic development. The county’s modern, paved road-system had already been built earlier. Roads and pavements in inner-city areas have been paved up to 70%. The technical condition of roads and pavements can seriously impede the population’s mobility and it may hinder the development of certain settlements and districts.

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Duncan, Kevin, and Jeffrey Waddoups. "Unintended Consequences of Nevada’s Ninety-Percent Prevailing Wage Rule." Labor Studies Journal 45, no. 2 (January 20, 2020): 166–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160449x19897961.

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In 2015, the State of Nevada reduced prevailing wage rates on education-related construction to 90 percent of the applicable rate for other state-funded construction. The examination of projects built for Clark County School District between 2009 and 2108 indicates that Nevada’s wage policy has no statistically significant effect on school construction costs or bid competition, taking into consideration bids placed before and after the 2015 policy change. However, prevailing wage reductions on education projects motivated union contractors to pursue other opportunities as Nevada’s building industry expanded after 2015. Reduced participation in district bidding by union contractors contributed to a 25-percent overall decrease in bid competition and a 20-percent increase in bid costs following the 2015 policy change. While the goal of the 90-percent prevailing wage rule was to reduce the cost of building public schools, unforeseen consequences contributed to decreased bid competition and increased construction costs.

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Cherciu, Ion. "O marcă identitară controversată: Portul sătenilor din Șiria, jud. Arad." Anuarul Muzeului Etnograif al Transilvaniei 32 (December 20, 2018): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47802/amet.2018.32.01.

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One of the great challenges of the Romanian ethnography after the union of Transylvania with Romania was - in parallel with the delimitation of the main ethnographic areas - the formation of a typology of the Romanian folk costume. Due to the specific history of this great province, this approach proved to be extremely complicated: compared to the conservative and eminently Romanian areas as the "cultural costumes" of the Apuseni (L. Apolzan), Năsăud, Ţara Oltului, Maramureş, Haţeg etc. , there were identified regions where, at least at first sight, the traditional costume worn by the Romanian population was far from being considered, according to the classic patterns in our ethnography, a specific Romanian identity mark. Such a case is the " villagers traditional costume" in Șiria region, Arad county, seen as a mixture of foreign styles (Hungarian, German and Slovak), the only remaining pieces of the old costume being the shirt, the lap and the winter coat. Marcel Olinescu's suggestion to study the costume in Șiria from the perspective of the Sociological School of Bucharest, therefore analysing it as a "social fact" leads to the conclusion that we are facing a specific phenomenon of creating a Romanian identity mark with a precise motivation meant to emphasize the privileged economic and social status of the Arad winegrowers. Compared to the white clothes worn by the mass of seasonal workers attracted to this El Dorado, the costume from Șiria, made of expensive fabrics, such as silk and velvet fabrics, brought the inhabitants of this area closer to the models at the top of the Arad society, where the clerks and the owners of the former large landed properties belonged to the cohabiting ethnic groups.

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Crum, Michael, and Stephan F. Gohmann. "The impact of taxes and regulations on firm births and deaths in state border counties." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 5, no. 1 (April 11, 2016): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-06-2014-0025.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of the institutional environment on firm birth and death rates. It is hypothesized that high taxation levels, large government size, high levels of unionization and high minimum wages will be associated with relatively low firm birth and death rates. Design/methodology/approach – This study makes use of a set of custom tabulations from the US Census Bureau that contain data on county-level firm births and deaths. To account for differences in state policies, matched contiguous counties located on state borders are used to calculate matched birth and death ratios. Findings – In the sample of eastern US state border counties, state taxation levels and minimum wages had no significant relationship with firm birth rates, but there was a negative relationship between state union densities and firm birth rates. Both state education and public welfare expenditures were marginally negatively related to firm birth rates. State public welfare expenditures were negatively related to firm death rates, while a marginally significant negative relationship between hospital/health expenditures and firm death rates was observed. Research limitations/implications – These results indicate that state government expenditures may have varying influences on firm birth and death rates, and that high union densities may deter new firm entry. Originality/value – This paper makes use of a county matching technique to help control for confounding variables, allowing for differences in state policies to be better accounted for.

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Peng, Yan, Zhaoming Zhang, Guojin He, and Mingyue Wei. "An Improved GrabCut Method Based on a Visual Attention Model for Rare-Earth Ore Mining Area Recognition with High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images." Remote Sensing 11, no. 8 (April 25, 2019): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11080987.

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An improved GrabCut method based on a visual attention model is proposed to extract rare-earth ore mining area information using high-resolution remote sensing images. The proposed method makes use of advantages of both the visual attention model and GrabCut method, and the visual attention model was referenced to generate a saliency map as the initial of the GrabCut method instead of manual initialization. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was designed as a bound term added into the Energy Function of GrabCut to further improve the accuracy of the segmentation result. The proposed approach was employed to extract rare-earth ore mining areas in Dingnan County and Xunwu County, China, using GF-1 (GaoFen No.1 satellite launched by China) and ALOS (Advanced Land Observation Satellite) high-resolution remotely-sensed satellite data, and experimental results showed that FPR (False Positive Rate) and FNR (False Negative Rate) were, respectively, lower than 12.5% and 6.5%, and PA (Pixel Accuracy), MPA (Mean Pixel Accuracy), MIoU (Mean Intersection over Union), and FWIoU (frequency weighted intersection over union) all reached up to 90% in four experiments. Comparison results with traditional classification methods (such as Object-oriented CART (Classification and Regression Tree) and Object-oriented SVM (Support Vector Machine)) indicated the proposed method performed better for object boundary identification. The proposed method could be useful for accurate and automatic information extraction for rare-earth ore mining areas.

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Stein, M. A. "Mental Disability in Victorian England: The Earlswood Asylum 1847–1901. By David Wright. [Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2001. xii, 244 and (Index) 10 pp. Hardback £40. ISBN 0–19–924639–4.]." Cambridge Law Journal 61, no. 2 (June 24, 2002): 463–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197302401699.

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Under the auspices of the 1808 Asylums Act, twelve county asylums for the institutionalised care of “dangerous idiots and lunatics” were created from 1808 through 1834. The advent of the New Poor Law in that latter year, with its emphasis on economising costs through “relieving” the poor in Union workhouses, resulted in a drastic increase in the number of mentally disabled people under the care of the Poor Law Overseers. Subsequently (and partially in consequence) the Lunatics Act of 1845 directed that all “lunatics, idiots, or persons of unsound mind” be institutionalised in county asylums. The Earlswood Asylum (formerly the National Asylum for Idiots) was the premier establishment for the care of people with mental disabilities throughout the Victorian era, and the institution upon which a national network would be modelled. This book chronicles and examines the history of the Earlswood Asylum from 1847–1901.

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Sutter, Florence, and Dr Allan Kihara. "DETERMINANTS OF SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL LITERACY PROJECT IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN BARINGO COUNTY, KENYA." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management 4, no. 1 (May 21, 2019): 96–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jepm.297.

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Purpose: The study aimed at finding out the determinants of successful implementation of digital literacy project in public primary schools in Baringo County in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the effect of school leadership, information communication technology teacher competence, and teacher workload and information communication technology infrastructure. The study was founded on Technology Acceptance Theory, Resource Based Theory, Upper Echelons Theory and the Technology, Organization and Environment Model theories. This study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Methodology: The study targeted 612 stakeholders in the implementation of the Digital Literacy Project in public schools including the Ministry of education Science and Technology representative who is the Sub county Directors, the TSC Sub County Directors, curriculum support officers in the County, the Kenya Institute of Special Education Sub County coordinators, the Kenya Primary Schools Head Teachers Association Sub County coordinators, the Kenya National Union of Teachers Sub County coordinators and the head teachers of the public primary schools in Baringo county. Yamane formula was used to determine a sample size of 150 respondents. Structured questionnaire presented in likert scale were used in collecting primary data. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean and frequency was used to analyze the collected data. The study also used inferential statistics such as correlation and regression. Results: The study found that school leader of technology encourage use of technology in teaching and learning and help teachers establish goals to implementation of technology in achieving their instructional strategies and that school leader’s interest; their commitment and championing implementation of ICT programs in schools positively influenced the whole process. The study concluded that school leadership had the greatest influence on implementation of digital literacy project in public primary schools in Baringo County in Kenya in Kenya followed by ICT infrastructure, then teachers ICT competence while teachers’ workload had the least influence on the implementation of digital literacy project in public primary schools in Baringo County in Kenya.Contribution to policy and practice: The study recommends that the school leaders should increase their compliance with the various policies so as to ensure more effective integration of learning and teaching in primary schools and that school administration and stakeholders in education needs to be more supportive towards implementation of ICT programs.

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Farmer, Stephanie, and Sean Noonan. "Chicago Unions Building a Left-Labor-Community Coalition, United Working Families, to Restore Working-Class Democracy." Labor Studies Journal 44, no. 4 (November 13, 2019): 388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160449x19887244.

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Neoliberal political institutions are beholden to the interests of capital and professional classes, leaving working people and communities of color without a voice to shape priorities that benefit their interests. To counteract this elite-dominated political system, the Service Employees International Union Health Care Indiana and Illinois (SEIU-HCII) and the Chicago Teachers Union (CTU), worked with community organizations to form the United Working Families (UWF) Party of Illinois in 2014. UWF is a model of labor-led working class organizing in the electoral system. UWF brings together a left-labor-community alliance under an independent political party formation to champion a left-wing social democratic platform to empower working class people in their workplaces and communities, and to fight against Black and Brown oppression. UWF has provided leadership trainings for a cadre of working class, people of color and women and has been successful electing their leaders to municipal, county and state level government offices.

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Grelich, Paulina, Marta Moszczyńska, Grzegorz Stańczyk, and Krystian Szczerbak. "Regional strategy of energy and CO2 emissions management – base study on the example of Gliwice region." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000023.

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The European Union has set the requirements for year 2030, aimed to increase the energy production from the renewable sources and to lower the CO2 emissions. Currently the percentage of renewable energy production in Poland is too low. The actual data of Gliwice County from Study of Conditions and Directions of Spatial Development (SUIKZP), Plan of Low-Emission Management (PONE/PGN) and Predictions of Impact on the Environment (POŚ) documents was used to calculate the regional energy consumption for heating and electricity. The data has been used in the simulation of the energy consumption and the CO2 emission for year 2030, including the production of the energy using region’s potential renewable resources. Based on that, the authors have calculated how much more energy must be produced from the renewable sources to meet the European Union requirements. The analysis includes the investment cost in the new energy sources and its comparison to the financial penalties the region would have to pay for not meeting the requirements.

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Strilciuc, Stefan, Diana Alecsandra Grad, Vlad Mixich, Adina Stan, Anca Dana Buzoianu, Cristian Vladescu, and Mihaela Adela Vintan. "Societal Cost of Ischemic Stroke in Romania: Results from a Retrospective County-Level Study." Brain Sciences 11, no. 6 (May 24, 2021): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060689.

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Background: Health policies in transitioning health systems are rarely informed by the economic burden of disease due to scanty access to data. This study aimed to estimate direct and indirect costs for first-ever acute ischemic stroke (AIS) during the first year for patients residing in Cluj, Romania, and hospitalized in 2019 at the County Emergency Hospital (CEH). Methods: The study was conducted using a mixed, retrospective costing methodology from a societal perspective to measure the cost of first-ever AIS in the first year after onset. Patient pathways for AIS were reconstructed to aid in mapping inpatient and outpatient cost items. We used anonymized administrative and clinical data at the hospital level and publicly available databases. Results: The average cost per patient in the first year after stroke onset was RON 25,297.83 (EUR 5226.82), out of which 80.87% were direct costs. The total cost in Cluj, Romania in 2019 was RON 17,455,502.7 (EUR 3,606,505.8). Conclusions: Our costing exercise uncovered shortcomings of stroke management in Romania, particularly related to acute care and neurorehabilitation service provision. Romania spends significantly less on healthcare than other countries (5.5% of GDP vs. 9.8% European Union average), exposing stroke survivors to a disproportionately high risk for preventable and treatable post-stroke disability.

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Wołowiec, Tomasz. "LEGAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF PROPERTY TAXATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION." International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 1, no. 3 (June 30, 2018): 231–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2179.

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A property tax (or millage tax) is a levy on real estate that the owner is required to pay. The tax is levied by the governing authority of the jurisdiction in which the real estate property is located; it may be paid to a national government, a federated state, a county or geographical region, or a municipality. Multiple jurisdictions may tax the same property. This is in contrast to a rent and mortgage tax, which is based on a percentage of the rent or mortgage value. There are four broad types of property: land, improvements to land (immovable man-made objects, such as buildings), personal property (movable man-made objects), and intangible property. Real property (also called real estate or realty) means the combination of land and improvements. Under a property tax system, the government requires and/or performs an appraisal of the monetary value of each property, and tax is assessed in proportion to that value. Forms of property tax used vary among countries and jurisdictions. Real property is often taxed based on its classification. Classification is the grouping of properties based on similar use. Real estate properties in different classes are taxed at different rates. Examples of different classes of property are residential, commercial, industrial and vacant real property. In Israel, for example, property tax rates are double for vacant apartments versus occupied apartments.

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Heckelman, Jac C., and John J. Dinan. "Voting on voting with the feet: a cross-county analysis of the Tennessee popular referenda to secede from the union." Constitutional Political Economy 18, no. 2 (March 31, 2007): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10602-007-9014-4.

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Vántus, András. "Labour Efficiency of Dairy Farms with Different Types and Sizes in Hajdú-Bihar County." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 19 (March 4, 2006): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/19/3149.

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Questions and uncertainties characterised the accession period of Hungary to the European Union. It is evident that only those producers can compete on the market who produce good quality products. Therefore, only dairy farms with extra high quality raw milk production will be successful. Furthermore, on this basis, rural areas will be able to keep their inhabitants one of the most important problems presently. The author examined the process of milk production and the labour efficiency of 18 dairy farms in Hajdú-Bihar County. Mechanization, the quality of the work force and the system of incentives were assessed. Data of produced milk quality were collected too. Because of farms with different types and sizes the circumstances of milk production differ greatly. As a result of data analysis it was found that the working schedule of small and large farms often differed. The most important working processes (milking, feeding, harvesting) are done by family members. In order to increase the efficiency and improve working atmosphere the improvement of wage and incentive systems would be desirable. Labour efficiency indexes show that the efficiency of tie-stall systems is lower than the efficiency of similar size loose-housing systems. It can also be stated; that labour efficiency of similar size loose housing dairies differs greatly so the importance of work-studies should be increased.

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Karoki, Peter K., Wilson M. Njue, Sauda Swaleh, Ezekiel K. Njoroge, and Cecilia W. Kathurima. "Determination of Ochratoxin A in Selected Cereal Grains Retailed in Nairobi County, Kenya." Journal of Food Research 7, no. 5 (August 2, 2018): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v7n5p79.

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) belongs to a group of mycotoxins which are a key threat to quality of cereals based foodstuff. Mycotoxins are toxic, carcinogenic, nephrotoxic, neurotoxic and immunotoxic secondary metabolites of certain molds occurring in crop produce and their products. OTA occurs naturally in majority of foodstuffs such as coffee, cereal grains and beverages. The aim of the study was to determine the levels of OTA in cereal grains sampled from various market outlets in Nairobi County, Kenya. The levels of OTA were determined from 27 samples of finger millet (Eleusine coracana), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) grains. The levels of OTA in grains was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The results indicated that wheat grains recorded the highest contamination (2.1478±0.3061 ng/g) followed by sorghum (1.0311±0.0635 ng/g), while finger millet recorded the lowest levels (0.6918±0.0315 ng/g). Cereal samples from Gikomba outlet had a higher contamination (1.1750±0.0353 - 3.8147±0.4317 µg kg-1) than those from Githurai outlet (0.1244±0.0795 - 0.4808±0.0321 µg kg-1). OTA levels in samples from Nyamakima outlet were below the detection limit of HPLC (0.03 µg/L). Though levels are lower than maximum allowable limits for OTA in cereals in the European Union (5 µg/kg) and United Kingdom (10 µg/kg), chronic exposure can have serious health risk. The study provides baseline data on the levels of OTA in finger millet, sorghum and wheat grains retailed in Nairobi County, Kenya. The information creates awareness on the potential health risk associated with chronic exposure to OTA from cereals.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Union County'

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