Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Union économique et monétaire (UEM)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Union économique et monétaire (UEM).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Pamies-Sumner, Stéphanie. "Fédéralisme budgétaire et risque moral au sein de l'Union économique et monétaire européenne (UEM)." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40005.
Full textD'Avino, Loredana. "Les mouvements de capitaux en union économique et monétaire : approches historiques et théoriques." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCG009.
Full textThe liberalization of international capital flows seems linked to the increase and worsening of financial crisis. Since the financial crisis in 2007-2008, the ideological dimension of “happy globalization” has brought to light and given new strength to dissentient voices that could not be heard before. This thesis tries to evaluate the importance of capital flows on the stability of à financial system. Its purpose is to compare different financial systems and levels of financial liberalization, using the Economic and Monetary Union as an example because it combined full liberalization of the capital market within the zone a well as in relations with the outside. We have considered the need or desirability of regulating the global capital market in order to limit economic and financial instability. The Monetary Union remains the most affected region by the crisis, where growth stagnates and political crises follow one another, because its structural flaws have been revealed: growing economic divergences accentuated by the single currency, the lack of institutions management of banking, financial and economic crises, the lack of a unifying culture.In this economic space, the capital flows freely, the separation between the monetary space and the fiscal space is very clear, the budgetary transfers and the sharing of the debt are impossible, as well as the prohibition of the monetary financing. The purpose of this work is to show that all this prevents the coordination of economic and financial cycles, and leaves some doubt about the possibility of survival of the area
Tanguy, Steven. "Formation des salaires en europe et coordination des negociations salariales en uem." Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN1G004.
Full textMempontel, Jean Baptiste. "Le marché unique bancaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0322.
Full textEssential component of the financial sector, banking activities are as old as the notion of money itself and refers, in economic sense, to the notion of financial intermediation. Maintaining close links with the flow of capital, which constitutes the raw material of their activity, the activity of banks has necessarily been affected by the realization of the single european market, in particular in its financial dimension, which implies the total realization of free movement of capital and financial services. Yet, although these funds and services have been moving freely for about thirty years, progress in achieving those freedoms has long been timid. But even after the full implementation of these, integration continued to be considered insufficient. This is why it has been strengthe-ned, especially following the 2008 financial crisis, which has its roots in the collapse of the US real estate market.However, the realization of the European banking market will require the members States to go beyond the implementation of the Community's freedom of movement and to establish an "Economic and Monetary Union" (EMU). The establishment of this EMU, however, has been difficult and has been delayed. As with the integration of the banking sector, economic and monetary integration will also be considered insufficient following the financial crisis. From the examination of the reforms made, it will be necessary to ask whether the reinforcement measures in these different areas remain sufficient. The stakes are high, because it is for the institutions of the Union, but also for the Member States, to avoid the occurrence of a new crisis
Eyquem, Aurélien. "Asymétries, ajustements conjoncturels et persistance d'hétérogénéités au sein de l'Union Economique et Monétaire." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00186826.
Full textCélestine, Emmanuelle. "Souveraineté et union économique et monétaire." Paris 12, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA122005.
Full textWhen EMU has been created, members States of European Community transferred their monetary sovereignty almost integrally whereas they kept their economic sovereignty exercise. This disequilibrium between monetary and economic transfer is a source of difficulties in the leading of both community monetary politic and national economic politics of member States. An adapted policy-mix is quite impossible because of the lack of European politics structures which be able to lead economic politic at the European Community stage and to take into account disserves of euro zone members States and those of non members. So, if we want EMU to survive, new sovereignty transfers are necessary
Chemain, Régis. "L'union économique et monétaire." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA01A006.
Full textThis thesis presents the juridical aspects of the economic and monetary unification process in europe, taking into consideration their political and economic consequences. In part one of this thesis, an analasys of the firts two stages of the emu reveals the obstacles opposing its realisation. The first phase concluded in an insufficent merger of respec tive economies and an ill-fated monetary instability, and thus, the ems was shaken. None of the elements brought forth in the second phase - emi, broad guidelines of the economic policies, multilateral surveillance. . . Can gurantee that emu will be achieved by the 1999 time limit outlined by the treaty for european union. This reflection find supports in the stringent conditions a country must fulfill before it can proceed to the third phase, which concludes the process. Thus, despite the treaty, the achievement of emu remain uncertain and continues to depend on the political willingness of the member states and the overall economic climate. Part two analyses the third phase, characterized by the development of the coodination of the political economies of the member states. The introduction of a common currency the ecu - and the creation of the ecbs an the ecb. Acting independantly, the members of the ecbs will be in charge of the monetary policy with the primary objective of guaranteeing price stability. At the same time the emu increases the importance of the union it restreins the autonomy and sovereignty of the member states. It influences strongly the future of the union in its economic and political dimension. It reveals the weaknesses of the political union just as it accentuates a federal dynamisme
Angelaki, Aikaterini. "La différenciation entre les Etats membres de l'Union européenne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAA025.
Full textDifferentiation between the Member States of the European Union has gradually turned into a leitmotif of the debate regarding the future of the European integration. This debate re-emerged in the context of the activation of the withdrawal clause by the United Kingdom, by raising once more the question of the compatibility of the "ever closer union" concept with the possibility for the Member States to follow different paths of integration. The aim of this study is to clarify this question by focusing on the amplification of the various forms of differentiation in positive law. The first part of the study aims to identify the contrast between the uniformity of the EU membership and the asymmetrical participation of the Member States in actions undertaken to achieve the objectives assigned to the Union. Differentiation proves thus to be a relativizing factor of the homogeneity of the Member State's status, without, however, questioning its uniqueness as a legal category. The second part of the study focuses on the effects of differentiation on the structure of the Union. The different extent of participation of each Member State in EU policies has an impact on the Union's institutional and legal framework, even though this impact does not create a disorder affecting the integrity of the Union as such. It is thus apparent that within the creatio continua of the European construction, differentiation poses more a question of degree rather than principle
Talon, Olivier. "Demande de monnaie et politique monétaire dans l'Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine (U. E. M. O. A. )." Paris 12, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA122009.
Full textIn this work, we attempt to verify whether, and to what extent the structural characteristics of the less developed economies, in particular those of the west-african economic and moneta, ry union countries, influence the type and behavior of the variables that enter into the money demand relationship. Those characteristics, for instance, the economic backward state that increase the level of market imperfection, the high level of adjustment costs and some socio, logical characteristics are additional restraints for standard money demand function. So, this function may be different from the one estimated in developed economies. In oaemu coun, tries, the function has the following characteristics: income explain the greatest part of the changes in money demand and the main motive for holding money is transaction motive; the asset motive is not important, as the interest rate elasticity of money demand function is not significant; the coefficient of expectations is near 1; the adjustment lags are very long. The monetary authorities must take notice of those facts in the monetary policy. In particular, a great carefulness is required in the interest rate policy since the weakness of the relation bet, ween the interest rate changes and the demand for money show that the substitutions between financial assets and money are weak
Rodriguez-Calaza, Juan. "Marché unique, union monétaire européenne et théorie économique : une reconsidération critique." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100038.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is not to question the project of the e. M. U. , but to warn of the risk a certain number of european countries (or regions), particularly those of the periphery, will run under a single currency. Thus, it is the emerson report that is the main target of our criticisms. Given that e. M. U. Does not allow the remedy of a competitive insufficiencies by a variation in exchange rates, the mobility of the workforce and the flexibility of wages and prices must replace a devaluation. However, the mobility of production factors is far from being virtuous. The lack of public goods in backward regions faced with external economies benetitting from the advantage of infrastructure and agglomeration of developed countries, favours the mobility of production factors towards the latter and accentuate regional inequalities. It we had exogenous adjustment mechanisms in europe - as in the united states, for example - to stop or alleviate the thrust caused by phenomena characteristic of a vicious circle, we would at least be in the presence of a lesser problem. Unfortunately, such conditions do not exist in europe. Industrial changes and the structural substitution of unskilled labour by technical progress and skilled labour already create a serious unemployment problem in europe which will only deeper with the advent of the single currency
Sarr, Felwine. "La coordination des politiques macroéconomiques en union monétaire : le cas de l' Union économique et monétaire ouest africaine." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE0509.
Full textAngelaki, Aikaterini. "La différenciation entre les Etats membres de l'Union européenne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAA025.
Full textDifferentiation between the Member States of the European Union has gradually turned into a leitmotif of the debate regarding the future of the European integration. This debate re-emerged in the context of the activation of the withdrawal clause by the United Kingdom, by raising once more the question of the compatibility of the "ever closer union" concept with the possibility for the Member States to follow different paths of integration. The aim of this study is to clarify this question by focusing on the amplification of the various forms of differentiation in positive law. The first part of the study aims to identify the contrast between the uniformity of the EU membership and the asymmetrical participation of the Member States in actions undertaken to achieve the objectives assigned to the Union. Differentiation proves thus to be a relativizing factor of the homogeneity of the Member State's status, without, however, questioning its uniqueness as a legal category. The second part of the study focuses on the effects of differentiation on the structure of the Union. The different extent of participation of each Member State in EU policies has an impact on the Union's institutional and legal framework, even though this impact does not create a disorder affecting the integrity of the Union as such. It is thus apparent that within the creatio continua of the European construction, differentiation poses more a question of degree rather than principle
Levasseur, Sandrine. "Intégration économique et monétaire : théories et application à l'Europe." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL354.
Full textNjaboum, Ngabia William-Carles. "La fonction de prêteur en dernier ressort face à l'évolution des banques centrales : persistance ou déliquescence." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2025.
Full textThis paper offers an historical analysis of the evolution of lenders of last resort (LOLR) through the institutional and operational mutations of Central Banks framework. The aim of this research is to examine the origins of the appearance of this theory from a historical perspective. It should demonstrate that the perversion of the doctrine of LOLR causes incompatibility with the institutional framework of the Central Bank’s monetary policy. Thus, the "unconventional" interventions of central banks confirm the need to exit the institutional framework meant to ensure the efficient management of monetary policy. Therefore, this institutional framework which guarantees the independence of the Central Bank seems inadequate in the context of the new practice of the lender of last resort. Ultimately, diverging trends of the institutional and operational framework of the Central Bank is a major sign of demise of Central Banking. Last resort lending by the ECB in the euro zone provides a useful analytical framework to study the difficulties of the function of LOLR in the governance of a heterogeneous and politically unfulfilled economic zone
Aaron-Cureau, Corinne. "Économie politique de la Banque centrale d'une Union monétaire : une application à l'Union économique et monétaire." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010002.
Full textDuwicquet, Vincent. "Mécanismes d’ajustement en Union monétaire et intégration financière européenne." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131030.
Full textRisk-sharing should allow asymmetric shocks smoothing into a monetary union. Three adjustment channels could play: public transfers, credits, financial incomes between regions/countries. The literature underlines the actual weakness of this mechanism in Europe whereas it tends generally to suggest that it plays a major role in United-States. In this work, we show for the United-States that financial channel is overestimated. The lack of appropriate data conduces to attribute a too big smoothing part to the risk-sharing instead of Optimum Currency Area effects. Finally, we produce the estimations on euro area where data are much precise and showing that financial channel is more small as predict. These results induce a reappraisal of federal budget. We complement our analysis using a model stock-flow consistent (SFC) to two countries Monetary Union, drawing on the work of Godley and Lavoie (2007). The stabilizing effects related to financial integration appear weaker than the scattering effects. We also study the effects of credit rationing on companies and governments. If external funding is accompanied by fiscal austerity plans, the adjustment to asymmetric shocks is inefficient. Finally, stabilization through financial integration is limited and can fill the void alone policy of the euro area is incomplete without a monetary union budget mechanisms between countries. This aggravates the imbalances between the North and South and calls into question the viability of the euro area
Anatole, Marie-Pierre. "L'intégration des services financiers dans la Communauté européenne." Toulouse 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU10026.
Full textFinancial services have always been the natural accompaniment of the development of exchanges between communities. The achievement of the great European market implied the setting up of a financial European area. Banks, insurance companies and investment services had thus, with the new momentum for European construction triggered by the 1985 commission's white paper and the single act of 1986, to start a move towards liberalisation and harmonisation. Liberalisation, because it was going to lead to the creation of a single agreement system for the firms intervening in the financial sector. Harmonisation, because this new freedom had to be combined with the elaboration, at community level, of regulations and ratios of prudential character. In a domain so often allied with the sovereignty of state because of its links with the currency and the balance of payments, the community, spurred by economic and commercial imperatives, has already made important strides. Nevertheless, today's European financial market is essentially concerned with financial services and the efforts to make it work are far from being over, in the agenda of yesterday's European community and today's European union we still find consumer protection and the fiscality of the financial sector. The creation of the financial area has still to be completed; complementary measures for the liberation and the control of financial activities should be decided. One must nevertheless recognise that the integration of financial services as it has been achieved during the past decade constitutes one of the important stages of European construction
Couharde, Cécile. "Intégration économique, union monétaire et déséquilibres structurels entre les pays de la Communauté européenne." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA131012.
Full textThe research studies the compatibility between the european monetary union and countries with different economic levels. To begin with, the structure of emu and its main benefits expected by the commission of the european communities are to be pointed out. Moreover, these benefits are to be analysed under problematic points that govern their virtous connexions. As a main stake, the thesis shows how a close analysis of the delors report underestimates the role of national adjustments in the success of the monetary union. In particular, the emu might penalize the catching up of southern european countries and thus lead to possible divergent pattern of development. Then, it is required to examine the process under wich some reequilibrating mechanisms should be defined. Literature on fiscal federalism currency analysed under the specifities lighted out for the united states, reveals mechanisms that nowadays particulary lack the european project. The historical point of view concerning the converging process in the united states provides some facts on the reequilibrating system inside the american states themselves and thus draw some striking conclusions about the european debate. Far beyond the similarities and differences, this historical outlook highlights that the structural comptability of a monetary union along with the catching up can not be summarized to the simple question of fiscal federalism
Fayette, Laurence. "Trajectoires nationales et intégration économique et monétaire des petits pays industrialisés d'Europe." Paris 13, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA131009.
Full textGuigo, Virginie. "Chocs asymetriques, rigidites salariales et processus d'ajustement en union economique et monetaire." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10006.
Full textMartucci, Francesco. "L' ordre économique et monétaire de la Communauté européenne." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010310.
Full textWu, Zhenglin. "L'Union monétaire européenne et politiques budgétaires." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993IEPP0014.
Full textTo realize, emu, each European country must male effort. Emu put many questions about monetary and budgetary policies in the EEC. The coordination of economic policies between member states is in the heart of debate about emu. The dissertation provides a comparison of European countries's budgetary policies since 1960s until the end of 1980s. It is pointed out that the EEC countries are very different from each other in the field, because every country has a structure of public spending and fiscal tax, and EEC advise to various countries the orientation of policy based on different criterion. That is why the initial coordination of budgetary policies in Europe was not systematic. The dissertation synthesizes theory relative to coordination of budgetary policies, and the conclusion argues that emu must be built at several speeds
Rinaldi-Larribe, Marie-José. "Des relations monétaires et financières entre pays de la zone Euro, autres pays européens, et pays tiers." Nancy 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN20001.
Full textAkpo, Pasteur Emmanuel Just. "Stabilisation, accomodation et règles monétaires : étude théorique et application aux pays de l'Union Monétaire Ouest-Africaine." Orléans, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ORLE0504.
Full textMunchehofe, Michaël. "Les coûts et bénéfices d'une monnaie unique et l'unification monétaire européenne." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994IEPP0001.
Full textOur study would like to contribute to a better understanding of the costs and benefits of a common currency. We think - and that is the point we are making in our thesis - that a currency unification has to be explained by political reasons. The first chapter identifies the costs and benefits of a common currency. The loss of the exchange rate mecanism, interregional financial transferts, inflation costs, extension of monetary functions and transaction security are the essential aspects. The importance of these costs and benefits depends on the following factors : economic structures, credibility of common monetary institutions, fiscal discipline, wage flexibility as well as real and nominal convergence of the member states. This is discussed in the second chapter. The last chapter applies the results of the first two chapters to European monetary unification. The EC consists of twelve states having larges differences in economic development. Therefore, the loss of the exchange rate mecanism and interregional financial transferts will be important. The stability of the ECU depends on a strict application of Maastricht's convergence criteria. The ECU will extend monetary functions and may have a positive impact on investment due to a higher transaction security. To sum up, the costs of the ECU will be higher than its benefits. European monetary unification has to be explained by political reasons
Bouchaddakh, Zouheir. "L'intégration monétaire : fondements théorique et enjeux politico-économiques." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010025.
Full textTThe theory of optimum currency areas shows that similarity of economic structures of the participant countries is a sufficient condition for the success of monetary integration given strategic behavior of the participants, positive analysis underlines other sources of monetary disintegration. Behaviors similarity is then an other condition for optimality of the currency area especially, political economy analysis stresses that with different governments in the countries of a currency area, fiscal policies are subjected to political pressure. The interaction between members of the currency area ends up in fiscal laxism. Because of interdependence between monetary and fiscal policies it is at the end the monetary stability which is questioned so only political integration guarantees the credibility of monetary integration
Manioc, Olivier. "Coordination et crédibilité des politiques économiques dans un cadre intégré." Antilles-Guyane, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AGUY0163.
Full textFor years, European monetary union (EMU) will remain a major event in the world economic history. It affected both politicians in charge of national affairs and economic researchers. EMU re-opened old controversies and revealed new interests for forgotten projects concerning creation of monetary areas ail over the world. It generated the development of theoretical and empirical models designed to explore the relationship between economic actors in a monetary union. Our work follows this mainstream. Using neo-keynesian mechanisms, we built a model which includes features like imperfect trade between countries, dual markets of labor and unemployed labor forces. This framework is used to appreciate the relevance of two famous questions which received much attention before the creation of the EMU: the credibility of monetary policy and the coordination of budgetary policies. As expected, our results are deeply Iinked to our theoretical choices. Time inconsistency, which commonly generates the credibility problem, must be treated differently and our findings are unusual. Budgetary international coordination, without being totally excluded, looks difficult to promote due to numerous doubts associated to an active budgetary policy
Duboz, Marie-Line. "Politiques budgétaires et intégration européenne." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR1D007.
Full textThe treaty of maastricht lays emphasis on the objective of fiscal convergence : the participation of each country in the european monetary union depends on the respect of two criteria supposed to avoid and correct excessive governement deficits and debts. This treaty also insists on the necessity to coordinate economic policies, without specify however how to practive it on the fiscal level. The ain of our study is therefore to consider successively the implications, the stakes of fiscal coordination and convergence in order to see if there are inconsistent or, on the contrary, complementary. To treat of the question of coordination, a twofold approach is used. A theoretical survey of the studies dealing with strategic interdependence has led us to build up a model which leans on game theory. This enables us to give an opinion about the opportuneness of a fiscal coordination in the monetary union. An analysis of the practical results obtained until now in the scope of fiscal cooperation has brought us to study the credibility of a possible european fiscal coordination. The approach used to treat the question of convergence refers to the debate between the advocates of discipline rules, supposed to avoid the possibilities of financial instability, and the supporters of a europe without rules, judged as useless and even harnful. The arguments of the former give rise to an empirical estimates of the sustainability of the european fiscal positions, and then to an analysis of the necessary efforts to satisfy the. .
Kuikeu, Oscar. "Quatre essais sur la stabilité monétaire de la communauté économique et monétaire de l'Afrique centrale." Pau, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PAUU2014.
Full textThe recent appreciation of euro (the single european currency unit) against the us dollar have boosted the debate about the cfa franc parity and monetary stability in CEMAC (Central African Economic and Monetary Community) and the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU). The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the debate for CEMAC. It is organized into four chapters : In chapter 1, a taylor - type monetary policy rule - describing how monetary policy has been conducted in the past - has been implemented within the CEMAC zone. The aim is twofold. On the one hand to grasp the strategy followed by BEAC, in a context of a resurgence of inflationary pressures caused by the currency adjustment in January 1994. On the other hand to examine empirically, the assertion fairly common in literature, of controlling inflation after the devaluation due to a stabilizing monetary policy. The empirical investigation carried out during post-devaluation 1994: 01 - 2003: 07 to monthly frequency, seems more or less confirms this assertion. In chapter 2, the aim is to access, in CEMAC region, the degree of inflation persistence. For this purpose, following Gali and Gertler (1999), we estimate hybrid phillips curves, which include both backward and forward-looking components. The estimation performed, using the Generalized Method of Moment technique, reveals in CEMAC region an important degree of persistence in inflation, which, unlike the results obtained on the major industrialized economies, is remained invariant to the change in economic environment ; in other words, the parameters estimated present with respect to the Lucas critique some immunity. In chapter 3, he main aim is to study the link between the real exchange rate misalignment and the economic growth and to show the empirical proof from the case of Cameroon. An country where economic activity can be regarded as an engine of growth and prosperity within the franc zone. Empirical evidence show that, in Cameroon, the economic growth is adversely affects by the misalignment of the real exchange rate. From an empirical point of view, this contribution provides some guidelines for specifying and estimating growth equation with time series data. In chapter 4, following the neo-classical growth model we analyze the process of conditional convergence in CEMAC. However, the structure of the panel is not standard as characterized by a fairly substantial temporal dimension. Thus, Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to determine the finite sample properties of usual estimators. The empirical investigation conducted thereafter seems to validate the hypothesis of conditional convergence in living standards in the area
Mbaye, Mour Talla. "L' optimalité de la zone monétaire de l'UEMOA." Bordeaux 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR40004.
Full textSarr, Fodé Sira. "Les effets asymétriques d'une politique monétaire unique : cas de l'Union économique et monétaire Ouest africaine (U.E.M.O.A)." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1G026.
Full textJolif, Hervé. "L'action extérieure de l'Union européenne en matière de politique économique et monétaire." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G041.
Full textThe European Union has been granted new competences on 1. January 1999 when economic and monetary union was achieved and has a single currency which has been from the beginning the second largest currency in the international monetary system (IMS) as a unit of account, a means of payment and a store of value. The transfer at EU level of new competences and the economic weight of the European Union in the world economy make it possible to define and implement an external action in the field of economic and monetary policy. Being a legal person in the international legal order does not imply that the Union has become an actor of international economic and monetary relations. To do so, the Union has to remove the internal obstacles to its successful emergence at international level and define the modalities of its external representation and its participation to the IMS activities. Being an actor of the IMS is an essential element of the external action of the Union in the field of economic and monetary policy, but is not sufficient. The Union shall also define and promote its own global strategy on reforming the international financial and economic governance, with action plans for each level of international cooperation and a contractual policy which can serve its interests towards its partners. At present, all these requirements are not met and may only be realised if the Union and its Member States find lasting solutions to the current sovereign debt crisis and achieve legal, institutional and financial reforms that are necessary
Mojon, Benoît. "Transmission de la politique monétaire en Europe : analyses comparatives de l'Allemagne, la France, l'Italie et le Royaume-Uni." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100083.
Full textMazeau, Delphine. "L'efficience des banques françaises dans le cadre de l'Union économique et monétaire européenne." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40033.
Full textDeusy-Fournier, Pierre. "L'UEM et la cohérence du polycentrisme monétaire." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100128.
Full textThe thesis aims at analyzing the effects of the European monetary union (emu) on the stability of the international monetary system (ims), and at specifying its prerequisites. It begins by trying to define the nature of competition between currencies, and rejects the traditional neoclassical framework, because of the evidence of externalities and due to the collective nature of the money. Reference to the economics of networks aims at unifying both approaches in a homogeneous theoretical and conceptual framework. A simulation synthesizes it, by focusing on the contradictory interaction between the dynamics induced by fixed costs and the rigidity of monetary habits. Subsequently, it is confirmed by a statistical and descriptive study of the balance of powers between moneys since 1975, as well as by a historical review of international monetary systems discussed and implemented since 1945. Through asking what really a good ims is, and developing the decisive distinction between actual and potential capital mobility, a typology of the various possible regimes may be deduced; and intermediate imss prove to be the most robust. However, the future of the new monetary principles settled with the plaza and Louvre agreements remains uncertain, though interventions seem to be more efficient, and though the emergence of independent central banks implies the development of real monetary doctrines. In the end, some questions related to emu are tackled, using the former results and a final modelisation. Emu is indeed a real "revolution" which unsettles monetary habits and frees the external effects attached to international money. Hence the decisive importance of the transition period, and the necessity of a real consistency of the new European monetary identity. The outcome for the polycentric ims will depend on both the regionalization of international monetary networks, and the degree of co-responsibility implemented
Mehoumoud, Issop Zoulfikar. "Chocs des termes de l'échange et fluctuations des comptes externes : une analyse théorique et empirique sur les pays de l'UEM." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN1G018.
Full textThis thesis aims at evaluating, on theoretical and empirical grounds, the short-medium run external adjustments of EMU's countries to a symmetric and temporary variation of their terms of trade with respect to the rest of the world. Based on a synthesis of both the intertemporal approach of the current account and trade balance traditional models, the analysis allows setting up Marshall Lerner's conditions within the intertemporal and the EMU frameworks. These conditions highlight the transmission mechanism of terms of trade shocks on the current account through intertemporal smoothing (income) and substitution effects of agent's consumption. They are, then, evaluated through robust estimations of keys parameters : intratemporal and intertemporal elasticities of substitution of four EMU's members and two non nembers' countries. Simulations of these conditions show tha the external exposure reduction of EMU's countries lowers the sensitivity of their external account to relative prices shocks from the rest of the world. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis of their bilateral trade emphasizes that the ECB "benign neglect" policy, with regard to the Euro is justified in case of a depreciation
Vicaire, Vincent. "Spécialisations internationales et zones monétaires optimales." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50374-1999-5.pdf.
Full textMost of monetary integration analyses is devoted to the definition of macroeconomic criterias. This approach is overvalued with respect to the first optimum currency areas theories in the 60's. This first approach have to integrate the different theoretical elements concerned with monetary unification on one hand those of open macroeconomics and on other hand those of international economics. The first theories did not succeed in distinguishing fully the impact of production and trade structures on monetary union gain because of unsuitable model. Our work provides solution to solve this problem building up a monetary model of international trade. The dombusch - fischer - samuelson model is extended to be fully suitable for optimum currency areas analysis. Theses extensions lie on the introduction of a third country and exchange rate risk aversion for producer. In addition, this extended model allows some measures of traditionnal criterias and intra-industry trade. The simulations of the model enlightens the specificity of macroeconomic adjustment in monetary union by contrast with this adjustment in a pure fixed exchange rate regime. Our work provides evidence about the comparative advantages influence in the monetary union gain and cost levels. In addition, the simulations reveal more complex mechanisms associated with traditonnal criterias than those usually described in the literature
Desquilbet, Jean-Baptiste. "Optimalité, crédibilité, coordination : essais en théorie de la politique économique." Paris 9, 1991. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1991PA090008.
Full textThe first part of the thesis deals with methodology: two objective causes of the lack of credibility of the a priori optimal economic policy are identified and discussed. The initial choice becomes obsolete both because the economic environment is altered by the reaction of the rational private sector and because preferences over economic policy change, as reflected by the swinging of democratically elected partisan politicians in office. The time-inconsistency of the first kind can be dealt with using a "technical" solution akin to perfect equilibrium strategies in game theory. The time-inconsistency of the second kind cannot, it is a "cost of democracy". The second part of the thesis deals with economic policy coordination within the framework of the European monetary system, and in the perspective of monetary unification. We give a politico-economic explanation for the ems : a fixed exchange rate regime allows to limit the politicians' ability to manipulate economic policy, and thus allows both participants to benefit from a reduction in fluctuations induced by the political business cycle. We point to the asymmetry in the preferences of member countries, particularly to the German aversion to inflation, as the source of the asymmetric operating of the ems. We show that it is necessary to assign to the monetary union's independent central bank the fight against inflation as unique goal, free of any internal conflict and thus true guarantee of monetary policy credibility. We discuss the costs of such a regime, in terms of employment stabilization, fiscal revenue and democratic control. We also show the benefits of fiscal coordination in a monetary union
Harbaoui, Imed. "Systèmes budgétaires et stabilisation de l'activité économique dans l'Union monétaire européenne." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0014.
Full text: Since the beginning of 1970s, the use of Fiscal Policy as a stabilization tool of the economic activity has been subject of many controversies. The opponents of the keynesian analysis have presented several theoretical and practical justifications against the efficiency of the Fiscal instrument : Crowding out Effect, Ricardian Equivalence, Inflation, Sustainability, and, more recently, the " Anti-keynesian effects ". In the European Monetary Union (EMU), the Fiscal Rules introduced by the Treaty of Maastricht (1992) and confirmed by the Stability and Growth Pact (1997) are supposed to establish a durable Fiscal discipline. However, although they have reacted slightly in cleaning up the public finances, they seem to have created a sharply procyclical reaction by neutralizing the symmetric functioning of the Automatic Stabilizers during the cycle
Balleix-Banerjee, Corine. "La France et la Banque centrale européenne : débats politiques et élaboration de la décision : janvier 1988 - septembre 1992." Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020012.
Full textBobbo, Amadou. "Externalités budgétaires et Policy mix dans une union monétaire : le cas des pays de la communauté économique et monétaire de l'Afrique centrale (CEMAC)." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR30016.
Full textThis thesis addresses the spillover effects of fiscal policies as well as the fiscal and monetary interactions which rise from macroeconomic policies, justifying Multilateral monotoring criteria in use in the CAEMC. Applying time series analysis to the CAEMC reveals the capacity of fiscal policies to induce modifications of the bilatéral terms of trade structure, but however, these variations are not transmitted to the regional trade. Despite the difficulty met when stimulating CAEMC economies, the regular fall of the interest rate of the BEAC in response to fiscal adjustments, shows the financial dimension of these spillovers. Required macroeconomic coordination had not succeed in ensuring convergence of the public actions. Lastly, the very high sensitiveness of the price level to public actions is the evidence of fiscal dominance in the CAEMC. These results provide an indication of the inappropriate nature of the Multilateral monitoring fiscal rules
Agossa, Ogawa Laurent. "Déficits budgétaires, déficits externes et formation du capital : l’exemple des pays de l'UMOA et de l'OCDE." Orléans, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ORLE0501.
Full textThe new economic policy propounded in the 1970's by the new Cambridge school by inverting the standard assessment of Keynesian instruments of economic policy has given rise to a special interest mixed with of anxiety and serious controversies. We’ve studied this model which is in contrast with the Mundell-Fleming canonical model in which the role of the international capital mobility and the different methods of the budget financing have been emphasized. The theoretical results of these models have been empirically invalidated for France and the United States of America by the recent works of Marois-Girardin (1987). The econometric application of these models to the W. A. M. U. And O. E. C. D. Countries hasn't given the same conclusions. With granger's causality (1969) and Engle-Granger (1987) cointegration tests, we concluded that the Keynesian theory is proved in France, Germany and USA. , but not in Japan. The ncs model has been confirmed in France, USA and Japan, but not in Germany. The feedback relation is proved in France and USA the utility of these conclusions is to orientate the economic policy more efficiently. The capital mobility tests realized in this framework confirm the Feldstein-Horioka (1980) conclusions for these countries and the J. Sachs (1981) conclusions, except the USA in this case. The relation between capital formation and budget deficits is unconvincing. On the other hand, the double deficit causes capital formation in the countries. In the wamu's countries, the results are very poor through lack of statistic data. The results obtained are generally not significant. It is careful to conclude economically. It shows that these countries are heavily run into debt and their capital formation is dramatically burdened by the external savings
Figuet, Jean-Marc. "Le risque systémique et sa prévention dans les systèmes interbancaires de paiement de gros montant : une application au cas de l'Union économique et monétaire en Europe." Bordeaux 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR40035.
Full textWe try to show that the inherent characteristics of interbank payment system of high value make them particular economic objects : club goods structured in networks. The specificities of these networks justify the hierarchic working of developed monetary economies. But because of their functions and their nature, risks which born in these organisations or which are amplified by their structure in network are intolerable. So it is necessary to define new rules of working of these systems, and to estimate their capacity to guarantee capital markets stability. The previous results permit to analyse the harmonisation and standardisation of interbank payment systems in the perspective of economic and monetary union in europe
Erdem, Mehmet Sukru. "L'influence de l'union monétaire européenne sur le système bancaire et monétaire turc." Grenoble 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE21022.
Full textThe achievement of the european monetary union or on the eventual joining of the eec by turkey, the thesis tries to show how the european space of banks has been achieved by a large movement of regulations harmonization and a co-ordination of prudential rules in order to reduce any systemic risk. The turkish banking system already shows its will to stick to the community rules ; but this can be fully completed only if monetary stability is achieved in turkey. After analysing the ems, the thesis focuses on its consequences for the turkish monetary system, in particular in the field of budgetary and even of economic policies. The european unification process already exercises and will exercise an influence more and more over the economies and currencies of non-member states ; these influences already show in turkey and will grow, whether turkey joins or not the eec
Lanou, Roger Gnidouba. "Le régime juridique et fiscal comparé du financement des entreprises dans les droits des États membres de l'UEMOA et en droit français." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUED007.
Full textFor over twenty years, UEMOA Member States are economically and monetarily « united » but the question of their development remains at the heart of subsantive debates, including the legal one. Now it seems clear that development rests on economic growth ; the latter requires productive investment and that it is bushet to the availability of appropriate and sufficient financing. Therefore, it raises the question wether Community Law, combined with deomestic legislation ot States achieve the expected results in terms of business financing. In presponse, having as analytical grid French law, we examine, in the theis, the legal and sical rules that have a significant impact on corporate financing decisions. It is as much funding through equity contributions as financing by debt. At the end, we noted that the laws of WEAMU Membrer States and French Law appear more incentives for initial equity contribution than for the increase of the capital, and more favorable to corporate debt to financial markets than debt to banks and related of affiliated companies. Aslo, appreard the necessity to relativise the role of tax provision considered in isolation. To be a true « financial management tool » or « financial instrument' for companies, tax standard must rely on other leval disciplines even if some of them are based on historical principles and dogmas which need to evolve. It is particularly the case of matters relatted to the separate legal personality of the one-man business, the uniqueness of the patrimony, and the recognition of the full tax and legal existence of the cgroupe of companies, mainly in a financial and economic « unified environment »
Boye, Mohamadou. "Les exonérations fiscales en France et dans les pays de l' Union économique et monétaire Ouest Africaine." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE0007.
Full textDiop, Mamadou. "Politique budgétaire procyclique, stabilisation conjoncturelle et croissance économique dans la zone Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1G023.
Full textDespite significant economic and financial programs undertaken in the late 80s and the adoption of the convergence Pact in 1999, the growth rate of Economic and Monetary Union of West Africa (EMUWA) countries remain below the minimum level of 7% required for the achievement of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This low growth rate now leads to questions about the effectiveness of economic policy and, in particular, on the role to be played by public authorities through fiscal policy. We analyze empirical data through, the procyclicality of fiscal policy in the EMUWA and we test the possible reversals related to the adoption of the convergence Pact. Then, in a second step, we estimate from a structural VAR model, the dynamic impact of fiscal shocks on fluctuations in the economic activity of the EMUWA countries and their transmission channels. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the approach used by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to calculate the contributions of fiscal policy to economic growth; then, we propose an evaluation of the long-term effects of this policy model on growth, while showing the risks of cuts on public investment.The results of this thesis suggest the adoption of fiscal rules that take into account the economic situation of each country, the speed in government action to overcome the inertia of public finances and strengthening of productive public investments to better support economic growth
Huart, Florence. "De la nécessité d'une intégration monétaire à plusieurs vitesses en Europe, et de son organisation : une approche fondée sur les disparités structurelles et les différences d'objectifs des pays." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50374-1998-205.pdf.
Full textThe thesis is an analysis of the european monetary union process. It aims at an analysis of the problems raised by a monetary integration between countries that are characterized by strong disparities in economic structures and preferences. There are three stages in the reasoning. In the first one (introduction chapter), we review the theories of monetary integration by putting the stress on the idea that a multi-speed monetary unification is desirable in europe, because both the condition of homogeneity of national economic structures and the condition of homogeneity of national economic preferences are not met in the eu. In the second stage, there are three chapters. Each one is based on a model with two countries in a monetary union floating with the rest of the world. The three models unable us to analyze the effects of economic policy in a monetary union, explaining them according to national economic disparities of structures or preferences. The first model is a keynesian one with price and wage rigidities. We insist on the importance of three structural characteristics of countries : the money demand parameters, the elasticities of trade and the geographical structure of external trade. The second model extends the first one by introducing new national disparities, in particular different national price levels, nominal wage rigidities in one country and real wage rigidities in the other. The third model is an extension of alesina and tabellini (1987) model to a two-country monetary union case. It help us to link the condition of homogeneity of national economic policy preferences in a monetary union to the condition of homogeneity of national economic structures. We analyze various asymmetries - with regard to structures, preferences and behavior - between countries : the behavior of national central banks before the creation of emu as compared to that of the european central bank, social preferences, fiscal systems, labor markets. In the last stage (chapter 4), we draw some economic policy conclusions of the necessity of a multi-speed emu. We try to give some answers to the following question : how to organize the exchange rate relations between the euro and the other eu currencies, while taking into account the constraints that are imposed by national structure and preference disparities between the eu countries ?
Bosco, N'Goma Jean-Michel. "Les implications institutionnelles d'une union monétaire : le cas de la Banque Centrale Européenne." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT4005.
Full textOros, Cornel. "Essai sur les systèmes de gouvernance économique des PECO dans la perspective d'adhésion à l'Union monétaire." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT4006.
Full textThis dissertation dwells on the future of the European policy-mix in the context of the CEECs' joining the EMU. The notion of economic governance makes reference to a system which guides the definition and the implementation of economic policies. Through a historical perspective, we show that the policy-mix is dynamic and that it constantly changes according to two main axes - empirical and theoretical. As the EMU is about to extend, we need to address the question of the way in which this two axes will develop. At an empirical level, while the heterogeneity of the Eurozone will highly increase, it is likely to see structural homogeneities appear between countries. In order to deal efficiently with the new situation, the economic governance could be improved by setting up "variable geometry" mechanisms of fiscal coordination. At a theoretical level, the efficiency of the macroeconomic stabilisation depends on the nature of the economic shocks and the fiscal spillovers as well as on the type and the extent of the structural heterogeneities between the Euroland members