Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Unions monétaires'
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Beine, Michel. "Union monétaire européenne et théorie des zones monétaires optimales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212285.
Full textVicaire, Vincent. "Spécialisations internationales et zones monétaires optimales." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50374-1999-5.pdf.
Full textMost of monetary integration analyses is devoted to the definition of macroeconomic criterias. This approach is overvalued with respect to the first optimum currency areas theories in the 60's. This first approach have to integrate the different theoretical elements concerned with monetary unification on one hand those of open macroeconomics and on other hand those of international economics. The first theories did not succeed in distinguishing fully the impact of production and trade structures on monetary union gain because of unsuitable model. Our work provides solution to solve this problem building up a monetary model of international trade. The dombusch - fischer - samuelson model is extended to be fully suitable for optimum currency areas analysis. Theses extensions lie on the introduction of a third country and exchange rate risk aversion for producer. In addition, this extended model allows some measures of traditionnal criterias and intra-industry trade. The simulations of the model enlightens the specificity of macroeconomic adjustment in monetary union by contrast with this adjustment in a pure fixed exchange rate regime. Our work provides evidence about the comparative advantages influence in the monetary union gain and cost levels. In addition, the simulations reveal more complex mechanisms associated with traditonnal criterias than those usually described in the literature
Razgallah, Brahim. "Système monétaire international et interconnexion des espaces monétaires." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020031.
Full textHédreville, Manix. "La théorie standard des unions monétaires à l'épreuve de l'Histoire." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100104.
Full textHistory of monetary unions is a relatively unexplored area for economics. All the same, one can learn great lessons from it. The first interest of this work is to present a historical and quantitative analysis of currency union phenomena since 19th century. Here, are studied five experiences of monetary unions: Latin Union, Scandinavian Monetary Union, CFA-franc zone, Eastern Caribbean Monetary Union and Euroland’s monetary union. This examination strengthens even more the institutionalist argument that standard Optimum Currency Areas (OCA) theory is satisfactory neither on the “positive” level nor on the “normative” one. Therefore the orthodox theory must be abandoned for the benefit of a conception of money as a sovereign institution. That calls for a multidisciplinary approach of monetary unions, with a great deal of room devoted to conceptual tools developed in the scope of International Political Economy. On that assumption, we assess the probability of occurrence of currency unions in the developing world – more specially in MERCOSUR – by distinguishing on the regime supply side, as on the regime demand side, forces that are able to carry into accomplishment (or to jeopardize) monetary union. That is the second main interest of our work
Levasseur, Sandrine. "Intégration économique et monétaire : théories et application à l'Europe." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL354.
Full textAvom, Désiré. "Intégration monétaire préalable ou résultat de l'intégration économique ? : le cas des pays membres de la CEMAC (Communauté économique et monétaire de l'Afrique centrale)." Lyon 2, 1999. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1999/avom_d.
Full textPonsot, Jean-François. "Le Currency board ou la négation de la Banque centrale : une perspective historique du régime de caisse d'émission." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOE008.
Full textThe intent of this dissertation is to argue that Currency Board Arrangements (CBAs) and, in a wider sense, dollarization, are extreme monetary arrangements that are not viable without a complete integration with the anchor/official currency-issuing country. British colonial CBAs - the first generation of CBAs - were systematically associated with strong - indeed exclusive - commercial, financial and political connections with the mother country. Recent adoptions of CBAs - the second generation of CBAs - disregard these integration purposes. In contrast to past practices, the first aim is to import monetary stability in order to boost credibility of emerging countries involved in financial globalization. We show that such a strategy is doubtful: the constraints inherent in the rigidity of the CBA have a negative effect on the stability of the domestic financial system, the growth dynamic and the adjustment process
Tapsoba, Sampawende Jules-Armand. "Intégration monétaire africaine et changements structurels : commerce, partage des risques et coordination budgétaire." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2009. http://195.221.120.247/simclient/consultation/binaries/stream.asp?INSTANCE=UCFRSIM&eidmpa=DOCUMENTS_THESES_129.
Full textA single currency and a single central bank are official and political objectives of African states. During the last decade, several African regional economic communities have declared their intention to work towards regional monetary unions and regional currencies. In line with this new political interest, an important literature on the suitability of African monetary integration has also emerged. Most of analyses cast a doubt on the optimality of African monetary unions: in spite of potential benefits, the costs would be sizeable because of the magnitude of asymmetric shocks and the lack of stabilization mechanisms. Therefore, the real challenge is the analysis of policies that guarantee nets benefits of monetary integration to African countries. This is the problematic of the present thesis. The dissertation analyzes in which extent, African states involved in actual or prospective monetary integration could address the issues of asymmetric shocks and stabilization mechanism. In order to do so, we choose to focus on three structural changes in policies related to the adoption of monetary unions: trade, risk-sharing and fiscal policies. The thesis is organized as follows. The first chapter provides an overview on issues developed in the dissertation. It presents a panorama of past, actual and prospective African monetary integration. It also describes the situation of African states vis-à-vis the theory of optimal currency areas. The second chapter studies the impact of African trade intensification on the correlation of business cycles. The third chapter examines the African consumption smoothing channels that could work as stabilization mechanism in monetary unions. The fourth and last chapter investigates the consequences of multilateral fiscal rules in monetary unions on the stabilization properties of African fiscal policies. The results of various chapters suggest that the structural change considered in this thesis, do not overturn the negative assessment of African monetary integration established by the existing literature. The main policy implication of the dissertation suggests in Africa, that monetary integration and economic integration should be complementary. On the one hand the monetary integration stimulates process towards the economic integration (trade, finance and sectoral policies integration) and on the other, economic integration improves conditions for the adoption of monetary unions. African states must put efforts in all dimensions of integration
Gimet, Céline. "Les critères de soutenabilité d'une union monétaire dans les pays émergents : une application aux pays du Mercosur." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX24011.
Full textThe main goal of our Ph. D. Dissertation is to establish a set of national and regional criteria whose respect would make it possible to ensure the sustainability of a monetary union within an emerging area. The monetary integration analysis is based on the optimum currency area literature, which is no longer sufficient in the case of emerging countries. The problem has to be considered by taking into account the recent financial crises that have revealed the high vulnerability of these countries to external shocks, forcing some of them to let their currency float. The first part of the thesis presents a set of new banking and financial criteria in an economically integrated area. We especially highlight the role of convergence as regards national banking and financial situations towards a sustainable level from the international lenders standpoint in order to limit the propagation of financial crises. The second part deals with the monetary union project in Mercosur. The high sensibility of the Mercosur countries to international fluctuations during the last decade has revealed the sustainability default of their exchange rate regime and the lack of structural convergence, thereby leading to the float of currencies. However, the study of the present situation of the Mercosur economies with respect to our set of criteria shows that most of them have drawn the lesson from recent crises. It is finally suggested that a core of countries might adopt a transitory hybrid exchange-rate regime
Mantsié, Rufin-Willy. "Un essai sur la libéralisation des institutions monétaires de la zone B. E. A. C." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX32045.
Full textMoney matter's. This ossertion means the paramount necessity of institutional conception in the process of economics performances. In the case of the b. E. A. C. Currency area, taht aspect is yet observed. The public monetary management, in charge of the politico-bureaucratics discretion, leads to a series of disosters in the financial and economic fields. A private central bank and the liberalization of financial activities are suggested in other to cut down these disorders. That's the way to establish rights and to improve entrepreneurship acts in these countries. The monetary substitution advocated'll improve a competition able to lead up to an integration and economic development in b. E. A. C. Currency area
Mbaye, Mour Talla. "L' optimalité de la zone monétaire de l'UEMOA." Bordeaux 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR40004.
Full textTuncel, Mehmet. "Substitution des monnaies et stabilité monétaire en Europe." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100034.
Full textModels of currency substitution conclude that equilibrium exchange rates or the price level are not uniquely determined in the presence of perfect substitution. In deregulating the movements short term capital Europe has adopted perfect substitution on the demand side as an integration strategy. In so doing the ems has exposed itself to the risk of exchange rate instability. Following a critical review of the currency substitution models, money in the utility function in particular, we present two ways of taking into account the dynamics of exchange rate expectations and the credibility of the integration process. The formation of expectations is studied using a garch-m model of the ex post risk premium with daily data 1989-1994. This study is completed by the estimation of the ex-ante risk premium using the kalman filter. This technique is likely to take into consideration the progressive aspect of the lifting of capital controls and of the credibility accorded to the functioning of the European exchange mechanism. The results confirm growing credibility since 1987 for the Dutch guilder, the Belgian franc, the deutschemark and the French franc, currencies likely to constitute the hard core of the ems
Ubertin, Alexandre. "Le Traité de Maastricht face à la dualité de la monnaie : l'intégration monétaire européenne en question." Orléans, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ORLE0502.
Full textWe can see the european debates from a double theoritical point of view. On the one hand, there is a confrontation between the knapp's theory and the hayek's one on the question of the monetary power since the stake in the discussions has been to determine who from the state or the market should establish the single currency. On the other hand, these debates remind some ancient controversies because they bring to an end on the same reform and institute a restrictive monetary policy. However, this real turn presents some uncertainties which give a certain topicality to an alternative project, the community currency. We would keep the national currencies in the internal payments and utilize the ecu for the external payments
Goto, Marielle. "Stabilisation budgétaire et union monétaire : le cas de l'union monétaire de la Caraibe de l'Est." Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090045.
Full textThe Eastern Caribbean Currency Union includes six independent developing islands: Antigua & Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint-Kitts & Nevis, Saint-Lucia and Saint-Vincent and the Grenadines. These islands gather round a common currency. This one has been pegged to the U. S. Dollar since 1976 at an unchanged nominal rate. We have noticed a strong vulnerability to external shocks, which induce an important volatility of the national income. This volatility may affect the economy, but the fiscal policy may stabilise the income. So we assess, empirically, the degree of fiscal stabilisation in the ECCU. First, we use fiscal elasticities, provided by a panel data analysis. Second, we use a structural VAR, based on a macroeconomic model, to obtain the impulse response of the income to a fiscal shock. It appears that fiscal stabilisation is quite low in the ECCU and that fiscal policy efficiency is quite related to the fiscal system soundness
Lochard, Julie. "Les unions monétaires et leurs effets sur les échanges et les investissements internationaux." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010052.
Full textCheikbossian, Guillaume. "Économie politique de la désintégration." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0026.
Full textThe principal objective of this thesis is to have a positive analysis, which studies the economic as well as the political factors of the desintegration of an economic union. The first chapter develops a two-countries currency area and partial equilibrium model to explain why some currencies have failed as common currencies. Furthermore, we show that the delegation of the monetary power to a less conservative central banker (in the sense that he assigns a lower priority than that of the representative society) is a dominant strategy for countries playing the international monetary policy game. Then delegation is counterproductive by aggravating the inflationary bias of the world economy. And the result is even worse, when the monetary policy is not carried out at the national level but at the supranational level. The second chapter studies the tendencies to separatism in a fiscal federation when individuals do not have the same preferences for the local public goods financed by a federal tax rate. We determine the endogeneous political choice (via an indirect democratic political process) of the fiscal regime: centralization or decentralization. Then, the tendencies to decentralization result from a trade-off between a competitive run for fiscal external revenues (even if the regional representatives cooperate in the federal instance) and the political gains from having a government closer to the people. The trade-off is biased towards decentralization because the fiscal competition is not always a drawback. The third chapter studies the political economy of customs union by using a general equilibrium model. We propose a generalization, in front of individual heterogeneity, of the best reaction functions in a tariff war. We show that, if the preferences are homothetic, the most preferred tarif by the median voter is above (below) the most preferred tarif by the social planner as this individual is relatively better (lower) endowed in the imported commodity
Guillaumin, Cyriac. "La formation d'une zone monétaire en Asie de l'Est : une application de la théorie des zones monétaires optimales." Paris 13, 2007. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2007_guillaumin.pdf.
Full textIn 1997-1998, the Asian financial crisis brought about a revival of the idea of the creation of a monetary union in this region of the world. This revival appeared in the search of a more stable international monetary system. This thesis studies the benchmark in which a monetary area would be feasible for East Asian countries. The first part of the thesis focuses on the degree of asymmetry of shocks for these countries. The empirical analysis underlines heterogeneity of the shocks which is accentuated since the 1997 crisis. At present, the formation of a monetary union can be possible only for some countries in the form of a local monetary union. The second part analyses the financial component of the theory of optimal currency areas which was ignored for a long time or wrongly employed. This study reveals an imperfect financial integration between East Asian countries. There may exist however interdependences between interest rates which render national monetary policies less autonomous. If a monetary union does not appear as a credible exchange rate regime in the short run, the implementation of an exchange rate agreement can provide a solution for increasing this cooperation and supporting the economic growth and making less problematic exchange rates instability between great currencies for other countries in the region
Loisel, Olivier Pierre Marie. "Quatre essais sur la volatilité et l'instabilité macroéconomiques sous différents régimes de change." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2003. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000703.
Full textD'Avino, Loredana. "Les mouvements de capitaux en union économique et monétaire : approches historiques et théoriques." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCG009.
Full textThe liberalization of international capital flows seems linked to the increase and worsening of financial crisis. Since the financial crisis in 2007-2008, the ideological dimension of “happy globalization” has brought to light and given new strength to dissentient voices that could not be heard before. This thesis tries to evaluate the importance of capital flows on the stability of à financial system. Its purpose is to compare different financial systems and levels of financial liberalization, using the Economic and Monetary Union as an example because it combined full liberalization of the capital market within the zone a well as in relations with the outside. We have considered the need or desirability of regulating the global capital market in order to limit economic and financial instability. The Monetary Union remains the most affected region by the crisis, where growth stagnates and political crises follow one another, because its structural flaws have been revealed: growing economic divergences accentuated by the single currency, the lack of institutions management of banking, financial and economic crises, the lack of a unifying culture.In this economic space, the capital flows freely, the separation between the monetary space and the fiscal space is very clear, the budgetary transfers and the sharing of the debt are impossible, as well as the prohibition of the monetary financing. The purpose of this work is to show that all this prevents the coordination of economic and financial cycles, and leaves some doubt about the possibility of survival of the area
Otto, Samira. "Une union monétaire du Mercosur? : observations prospectives à partir du modèle européen." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010279.
Full textLee, Kang-Soek. "L' intégration monétaire régionale : une application au cas asiatique." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE0504.
Full textWarin, Thierry. "Crédibilité des banques centrales et discipline monétaire : un modèle en économie ouverte." Paris 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA020075.
Full textMarque, Florence. "Les dimensions économiques, monétaires et politiques de l'intégration régionale des pays d'Asie orientale." Paris 13, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA131009.
Full textDuwicquet, Vincent. "Mécanismes d’ajustement en Union monétaire et intégration financière européenne." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131030.
Full textRisk-sharing should allow asymmetric shocks smoothing into a monetary union. Three adjustment channels could play: public transfers, credits, financial incomes between regions/countries. The literature underlines the actual weakness of this mechanism in Europe whereas it tends generally to suggest that it plays a major role in United-States. In this work, we show for the United-States that financial channel is overestimated. The lack of appropriate data conduces to attribute a too big smoothing part to the risk-sharing instead of Optimum Currency Area effects. Finally, we produce the estimations on euro area where data are much precise and showing that financial channel is more small as predict. These results induce a reappraisal of federal budget. We complement our analysis using a model stock-flow consistent (SFC) to two countries Monetary Union, drawing on the work of Godley and Lavoie (2007). The stabilizing effects related to financial integration appear weaker than the scattering effects. We also study the effects of credit rationing on companies and governments. If external funding is accompanied by fiscal austerity plans, the adjustment to asymmetric shocks is inefficient. Finally, stabilization through financial integration is limited and can fill the void alone policy of the euro area is incomplete without a monetary union budget mechanisms between countries. This aggravates the imbalances between the North and South and calls into question the viability of the euro area
Beaulande, Janique. "Progrès technique, divergence technologique et dynamique de spécialisation en union monétaire." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT4002.
Full textLe, Barbier Alexis. "Union monétaire et souveraineté." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ASSA0010.
Full textThe concept of sovereignty has three meanings : formal, material, and organic. Nevertheless, the identification of the attributes of sovereignty under the material meaning is never justified. The purpose of this thesis is to study the relationships between these different meanings of the concept of sovereignty, focusing on one of the attributes of sovereignty : the right to coin money. To better isolate it, this work focuses on currency unions using a historical and comparative method. At the end of this study, it appears that the three uses of the concept of sovereignty can only be linked to each other from a teleological point of view. This reveals the justificatory character of the concept of sovereignty, which is therefore not purely descriptive
Bobbo, Amadou. "Externalités budgétaires et Policy mix dans une union monétaire : le cas des pays de la communauté économique et monétaire de l'Afrique centrale (CEMAC)." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR30016.
Full textThis thesis addresses the spillover effects of fiscal policies as well as the fiscal and monetary interactions which rise from macroeconomic policies, justifying Multilateral monotoring criteria in use in the CAEMC. Applying time series analysis to the CAEMC reveals the capacity of fiscal policies to induce modifications of the bilatéral terms of trade structure, but however, these variations are not transmitted to the regional trade. Despite the difficulty met when stimulating CAEMC economies, the regular fall of the interest rate of the BEAC in response to fiscal adjustments, shows the financial dimension of these spillovers. Required macroeconomic coordination had not succeed in ensuring convergence of the public actions. Lastly, the very high sensitiveness of the price level to public actions is the evidence of fiscal dominance in the CAEMC. These results provide an indication of the inappropriate nature of the Multilateral monitoring fiscal rules
Cavalier, Bruno. "Politique budgétaire et coordination des politiques de financement." Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020045.
Full textAfter a survey of standard macroeconomic analyses of public debt (chapter 1) and government expenditures (chapter 2), part one deals with ricardian equivalence and endogenous growth models with public services. Part two studies government dynamic budget restraint. In chapter 3, rules of sustainability are derived, and then tested on quarterly data from 1960 to 1996, in the cases of usa, france, germany, united-kingdom and italy. Most of the results reject sustainability. In chapter 4, a model of public debt repudiation is analysed under rational expectations. Part three considers fiscal policy and monetary union in europe. In chapter 5, a model of total seigniorage is developped. In chapter 6, seigniorage collection and fiscal sustainability are analysed for a small country joining a monetary union. Chapter 7 considers fiscal rules in the treaty of maastricht
Gaulier, Guillaume. "Intégration économique et convergences réelles." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010026.
Full textHuang, Chen-Jui. "La dynamique de change dans le contexte de globalisation et de régionalisation." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010011.
Full textBangake, Chrysost. "L'intégration monétaire en Afrique : analyse théorique et empirique." Orléans, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ORLE0510.
Full textThere is an increasingly interest for monetary integration in Africa in theses last years. In a context of instability of exchange rate and inconvertible currencies in most of Africa countries, African policy-makers have been looking for an exchange rate regime which is able to provide stability and development to their economies. This study consists in theorical and empirical analysis of the monetary integration in Africa by using the optimal areas theories ans taking account political dimension. The study is organized in two parts. The first part analyses the traditional optimal currency areas theories in African context. We develop a theorical model which assesses the gain and the costs of monetary integration in Africa, then measure the symmetry of macro-structural shocks recovered from estimated structural vector autoregressive (SVAR). In the second part, we use the endogeneity approach in order to take in account the recent criticisms on traditional approach. The general conclusion is that the prospect of creation of regional monetary unions in Africa would be an appropriate option because the African countries CFA zone fills endogenous criteria of OCA. This stage will allow gradually the implementation of zn African single currency
Belhadj, Aram. "L'intégration monétaire et les pays émergents : application au Maghreb." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE0501.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the option of the launching of a monetary union across three Maghreb Countries, notablyAlgeria, Morocco and Tunisia. It tries to answer the following questions: What are the characteristics of monetaryregimes in the Maghreb Countries and what are the underlying factors for their choices? Do the countries’ structures andinstitutions constitute a favourable environment for the creation of a monetary union between these countries? What would bethe macroeconomic consequences for these countries if they decided to create a monetary union? Are there any alternativemonetary regimes which would enable them to move toward the final steps of monetary integration in a more appropriate way?In order to answer these questions, we opted for a presentation of four chapters. In a first chapter, we describedthe theoretical foundations of monetary integration through the study of Optimum Currency Area Theory (OCA),their theoretical developments, their drawbacks, their extensions and their empirical applications. We tried in asecond chapter to present the structural and institutional mechanisms that insure the viability of the monetaryintegration process and to recourse to some historical experiences. We attempted in a third chapter to describe themonetary regimes currently in use in the Maghreb Countries and to explain the origin of their heterogeneity beforeanalyzing the possibility of setting up an OCA in this context of heterogeneity. Finally, in a fourth chapter, weassessed the consequences of the creation of a monetary union across the three countries. We also suggest possiblemonetary regimes which, in fine, might allow these countries to successfully move toward monetary union.Our main results show that the creation of a monetary union –and its corollary the implementation of a commonmonetary rule- is not beneficial, especially for Algeria where the variability of inflation and activity is moreimportant than in Morocco and Tunisia. On the other hand, we came to the conclusion that the harmonization ofinflation targets within a quasi-flexible exchange rate or the simultaneous setting up of a currency board in thesecountries could represent an appropriate monetary regime which would allow a safe move to monetary union
Gérardin, Hubert. "La dynamique de l'intégration monétaire de pays en voie de développement : contribution à la problématique de la zone franc." Nancy 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN20003.
Full textThe purpose of the thesis concerns monetary integration in some developing countries, the french franc area being considered as a reference model to determine the main problems involved when this integration process is carried out. We have studied the institutional components of the monetary areas in order to define the different factors composing those entities. A comparative study has allowed us to oppose how the french franc area subsisted while the other colonial monetary areas disappeared. We have tried to demonstrate how the present french franc area system comes from choices determined before the countries became independant. This historical study of monetary integration mechanisms is concluded by a typology of the existing monetary entities. Our study of the evolution of the french franc area based on the analysis of money, of its conterparts and of monetary policy underlines the main affects exerted by the monetary integration in african countries on the process of the creation of money and on the way economics are financed. Our principal conclusions deal with the role that monetary integration plays in the constitution of national ressources, with the flux of foreign money, and with the indebtedness of french franc area members. We point out how belonging to the french franc area can simultaneously provoke stabilizing effects as well as constraints on the countries' monetary and financial policies. When these countries try to reach some kind of compatibility between those policies and the principles of monetary integration, the experience contradictory economic and monetary evolutions which increase the difficulties met by the african countries to control the creation of money. This was particulary true after the second oil crisis. The lack of symmetry noted in the french franc area justifies that the means used in monetary policy be renewed and that the french franc area monetary system be reformed as shown in the concluding proposals
Rigobert, Marie-Josèphe. "L'intégration financière dans la Caraïbe." Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090071.
Full textTo offset the inadequacy and the non optimal allocation of savings so as the inefficiency of financial systems, caribbean countries chose the path of regional integration. Yet, this strategy failed to achieve its aims. In the short term, it seems difficult to extend the experience of east caribbean countries with monetary union. Another solution could consist in reaching global integration from financial integration. To know on which bases any new strategy would lie, this thesis evaluates the degree of financial integration among caribbean countries. Tests for financial openness show that these countries are more integrated to world markets than among themselves. Others tests on caribbean stock exchanges reveal that they are not integrated. The lack of correlation between their indexes indicates that there exists diversification opportunities at a regional level. If markets are integrated, then they should be collectively efficient. If such is the case, their indexes can not be cointegrated. Empirical tests do not permit to conclude that the markets are globally efficient. Applying a version of the international asset pricing model does not result in accepting or rejecting the integration hypothesis
Muhammad, Kabeer. "Union monétaire en Asie du Sud (Pays de la SAARC) : Faisabilité et impact." Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090034.
Full textThis thesis is written with focuses on the possibility of monetary union in South Asia (SAARC) countries. The study comprehensively analyzes the idea of Monetary Union in South Asian region with three perspectives. First we analyze the geographical characteristics of the region and compare it with the existing and potential monetary unions and through historical it is realized that the region during its most prosperous era share common currency. Second we apply the hierarchical and fuzzy cluster analysis to find out similar group within region. Finally we run the gravity model to evaluate the welfare effects of regional trade agreements specially the newly signed SAFTA in South Asia. The major outcomes of these studies are; (i). Geographically SAARC is reasonably comparable with European Union and other potential monetary union. (ii). History shows that the region was most thriving region under various dynasties having proper monetary system with single currency in 95% of the region. During these empires the share of world trade is very high as compared to present share of just 2% of the world trade. (iii). Cluster analysis show two or three similar groups in the region. Therefore, the start of monetary union with small group is a good idea. (iv). Similarly, the gravity model regression reflects that SAFTA has a little impact in creating intra-regional trade; however this is because SAFTA is in her infancy. Although we are in agreement with the endogeneity of optimal currency area and believe by creating monetary union will boost intra-region trade as well as economic development of the region
Manzi, Stéphane. "Stabilisation des chocs asymétriques : une application au cas de la zone euro." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2000AIX24015.pdf.
Full textFuss, Catherine. "Contributions to the empirical analysis of convergence in the European Union." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212156.
Full textHuchet-Bourdon, Marilyne. "Chocs monétaires et asymétries en Union monétaire : une analyse empirique." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10006.
Full textWith the creation of the EMU the fear of monetary authorities is that an interst rate increase produces an uneven distribution of output losses betwen members states. The aim of this thesis is therefore to clarify the real effects of monetary policy in the eight main European countries. The first part presents the roots for such asymmetric effects. Indeed, the nominal convergence seems reinforced within the Euro zone. Nevertheless, the economic structures are still heterogeneous both at the level of the banking structures and at the level of the labour markets. The second part of this work consists to measure the effects of monetary shocks by using Cover's approach [1992] over the period 1980/1998. Besides, we compare two distinct monetary regimes : the EMS (one function of reaction for each national central bank) and a monetary union (only one function, the one of the ECB). Moreover, we distinguish first anticipated monetary shocks from not anticipated shocks and then positive and negative shocks. We show that the anticipated shocks are not significant. The tests also confirm the asymmetry of the effects of not anticipated monetary shocks under the EMS and within Monetary Union. Besides, asymmetries between responses of the countries persist within Union. The third part of this thesis tries to determine if inflation rate plays a determinant role in these asymmetries in France but also in Italy within a nonlinear framework. This quetion is tackled under two angles. The first one consists in modelling the inflation rate like a Markov regime switching model. The second method consists in detecting inflation thresholds. These two tools highlight the role of the inflation. Moreover, the influence of negative monetary shocks seems to grow with inflation. Lastly, inflation thresholds are detected and highlight an interest rate multiplier which is differnet according to inflation
Saglio-Rossini, Sophie. "Les mécanismes d'ajustement par le marché du travail en Union Monétaire : une comparaison Europe-Etats-Unis." Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA131017.
Full textAdjustement mechanisms through the labour market are studied following two approches. First, relative flexibility is analysed with simplified multinational macro-econometric model estimated for 14 European countries. Model simulations are used to study the consequences of asymmetric and asymmetric shoks ; wages and employement flexibility only allows an uncompleted and very slow (beyond ten years) re-equilibrium. The labour mobility is then studied with a modelling of a migration-prices-wages-employment model applied to the American economy divided into four regions. The simulations confirm that prices relative flexibility allows limited adjustements facing demand and supply shoks concerning a specific region. The labour mobility plays indeed a re-equilibrium role, but it remains very reduced
Njabi-Eloko, Nicodème. "Evaluation des bénéfices d'une intégration à une zone monétaire : le cas de la Guinée équatoriale dans la zone franc." Paris 9, 1995. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1995PA090037.
Full textA modulization of Equatorial Guinea economy before and after its approval to FCFA area proves that a system of floating exchange rates without triangular arbitration is the one which generates the least of disturbances. With regard to the stability generates by perceived disturbances, each one of the three regimes of exchange rates create stability for some partial markets and aggregates and instability for some others. As for conversion exchange rate between Epkwellé and FCFA, it seems to not be an efficient rate to FAMA (1976) ‘s understanding. There is any consistency, in this area, between partly productivity rates and real net wage rates and partly between effective exchange rates and cost indexes. That induces problem of FCFA global effective exchange rate and occult conveyances between members of that area. Apart from inflation, the integration of that country in Franc area seems to not have been a condition of development. At most, CFA Frans helped to come out of non-monetary condition on which it runned into before
Nessel, Karolina. "Choix de régime de change dans un pays en transition intégrant une union économique et monétaire : le cas de la Pologne." Paris 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00226374.
Full textGuerreiro, David. "La convergence au sein d’une union monétaire : approches par la dynamique des prix et le taux de change d’équilibre." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100133/document.
Full textThis thesis analyses the convergence among a monetary union through the price dynamics and the equilibrium exchange rates. In the first chapter we introduce the main characteristics of the monetary areas, as well as the history of those under study: the EMU and the CFA franc zone. The second chapter deals with the price convergence inside the Eurozone via smooth transition regressions. This process is non-linear, and adjustment speeds are dissimilar depending on the countries. It is explained by the differences in the evolution of price competitiveness, labor market rigidities, but also specialization patterns. The third chapter investigates the validity of the absolute Purchasing Power Parity within EMU thanks to second and third generation panel unit root and cointegration tests. On the whole, price dynamics seems to be heterogeneous and depends on the EMU period and group countries considered. The fourth chapter links external disequilibria to the sovereign debt crisis experienced by EMU since 2009. We exhibit that when a country belonging to a monetary union faces an external disequilibrium relative to its main partner, the interest rates spread tends to increase. Moreover, when these disequilibria are persistent, they may trigger a balance of payments crisis. Finally, the last chapter pays attention to the permanence of CFA franc zone. By comparing the latter to a sample of other Sub-Saharan African countries, we evidence that the CFA franc zone has fostered external and internal balances, facilitated adjustments in the zone as a whole, as well as in each of its member, even if it does not fulfill the optimality criteria. This suggests that the union is sustainable
Berkouch, Domar-Anas. "Une devise canadienne ou plusieurs? : la question de l'optimalité de la zone monétaire canadienne à travers l'étude de chocs exogènes dans un cadre VECM." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25188.
Full textThe aim of this study is to assess whether the federation of the provinces of Canada today form an optimal currency area. Previous work has sometimes suggested that the Canadian monetary zone be divided into two spaces, one in the East and the other in the West. Our methodology, which incorporate data from the United States and WTI oil prices, highlights the existence of two economic areas that could develop their own currency. VECM analysis shows the existence of a long-term relationship between the Canadian provinces, the United States and oil prices. The results can be interpreted as suggesting that Canada should have two separate currencies for an area of the West (Alberta / British Columbia), one for the area (Quebec/Ontario/New-Brunswick).
Ilboudo, Elisabeth. "L'indépendance de la banque centrale." Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090025.
Full textWabo-Nokam, Vivien Narcisse. "Essais sur l'efficacité des politiques budgétaires en union monétaire." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1G019.
Full textThe inability of monetary policy to effectively stabilize the economy during the 2008 economic and financial crises has led to a global economic sphere of budgetary activism in recent years, which can be traced back to the "glorious thirty". This has been revived in the literature through the effectiveness of discretionary fiscal policies. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the effectiveness of fiscal policies on macroeconomic stabilization in monetary union more precisely in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC). For, despite an abundant empirical literature review, there is still considerable uncertainies about the extent and direction of the effects of discretionary fiscal policy, particularly in developing countries, which has somehow been marginalized. In pursuit of this objective, apart from the introductory chapter, this thesis is organized around three main empirical chapters (essays) : a first empirical chapter that analyzes the effects of fiscal policy shocks on economic activity ; a second empirical chapter that analyzes the macroeconomic effects of fiscal consolidations ; and a third empirical chapter that examines the cyclicality of fiscal policy in the CEMAC zone. Empirical results from the first empirical chapter shows that, the size of fiscal multipliers is less than unity in all CEMAC countries, and that the effects of fiscal policy shocks on different macroeconomic variables (Economic growth, private consumption, private investment, inflation) vary considerably from one country to another, but still remain positive for public spending and negative for tax revenues most of the time. After having identifing the different episodes of fiscal consolidation, the empirical analysis of the second trial reveals that fiscal consolidations in the CEMAC zone depends essentially on its economic situation and its previous state of public finances, and that they have an overall Keynesian effect on economic activities. The results of the third empirical chapter indicates that fiscal policy is, on average, procyclical in the CEMAC zone, and secondly that this procyclicality is mainly explained by its economic and socio-political factors
Belhadj, Aram. "L'intégration monétaire et les pays émergents : application au Maghreb." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE0501.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the option of the launching of a monetary union across three Maghreb Countries, notablyAlgeria, Morocco and Tunisia. It tries to answer the following questions: What are the characteristics of monetaryregimes in the Maghreb Countries and what are the underlying factors for their choices? Do the countries’ structures andinstitutions constitute a favourable environment for the creation of a monetary union between these countries? What would bethe macroeconomic consequences for these countries if they decided to create a monetary union? Are there any alternativemonetary regimes which would enable them to move toward the final steps of monetary integration in a more appropriate way?In order to answer these questions, we opted for a presentation of four chapters. In a first chapter, we describedthe theoretical foundations of monetary integration through the study of Optimum Currency Area Theory (OCA),their theoretical developments, their drawbacks, their extensions and their empirical applications. We tried in asecond chapter to present the structural and institutional mechanisms that insure the viability of the monetaryintegration process and to recourse to some historical experiences. We attempted in a third chapter to describe themonetary regimes currently in use in the Maghreb Countries and to explain the origin of their heterogeneity beforeanalyzing the possibility of setting up an OCA in this context of heterogeneity. Finally, in a fourth chapter, weassessed the consequences of the creation of a monetary union across the three countries. We also suggest possiblemonetary regimes which, in fine, might allow these countries to successfully move toward monetary union.Our main results show that the creation of a monetary union –and its corollary the implementation of a commonmonetary rule- is not beneficial, especially for Algeria where the variability of inflation and activity is moreimportant than in Morocco and Tunisia. On the other hand, we came to the conclusion that the harmonization ofinflation targets within a quasi-flexible exchange rate or the simultaneous setting up of a currency board in thesecountries could represent an appropriate monetary regime which would allow a safe move to monetary union
Garofalo, Ludovic. "Etude de la zone monétaire optimale de l'Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM2032.
Full textOme of the West African countries have adopted the CFA Franc (Franc of African Financial Communities) as their currency in 1939. These countries hence form a monetary zone. The devaluation of the French CFA in 1994 marked the passage from an automatic convertibility to a partial convertibility. It seems legitimate to consider the optimality of the West-African currency area - especially in a context where the Euro zone itself faces difficulties.This thesis aims to identify whether this area is indeed an optimal currency area as defined by MUNDELL in 1961. The object of study raised here will focus more particularly on the analysis of the feasibility of an OCA (Optimum currency area) and on the passage to sustainability criteria. The primary criteria of an OCA -- as determined by the founding authors in the literature of the 1960s and 1970s on the issue, MUNDELL being the main contributor (1961). This study however does not restrict itself solely to the definition given by MUNDELL, even though his theory applies rightly to countries which are candidates to entry into the union. In this case, the Law of one Price (Loop) can characterize the fixity of the exchange rate as a primary necessary condition. This proviso however is not sufficient to justify the sustainability and durability of an area. In case this latter condition is not met, the other condition is the fixity of currencies. The unique currency then becomes a rational choice which is justified by the advantages it procures countries which adopt it
Gnimassoun, Anoh Kodjê Blaise. "Régimes de change, mésalignements et déséquilibres globaux : enjeux et enseignements pour les pays en développement et les pays développés." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100068.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the link between exchange rate regimes, exchange rate misalignments and external imbalances. Our research is conducted in the context of an evolving panel of economies ranging from developing countries to developed countries. Our investigation covers three main themes. We first we examine exchange rate misalignments in the CFA zone and the monetary union project in West Africa. We then we study the implications of the choices made by a country concerning exchange rate regimes with regard to their ability to be resilient to external imbalances in sub-Saharan African countries. Finally, we analyze the influence of exchange rate misalignments on the persistence of global imbalances, as well as the interactions between macroeconomic imbalances.We show that the anchor currency (the euro) plays a predominant role in explaining the CFA franc misalignments, all else being equal, including economics fundamentals of the CFA franc. Relying on a new methodology based on synchronization misalignments that we propose, we highlight that there are some similarities between the WAEMU countries, Ghana, Gambia and Sierra Leone. In contrast, the cycles of misalignments are not sufficiently synchronized between this block and Nigeria, which remains structurally closer to the CAEMC countries.With regard to sub-Saharan Africa, we show that the flexible exchange rate regimes are more effective in limiting external imbalances and to ensure external sustainability.We show that the persistence of current account imbalances is strongly and asymmetrically related to exchange rate misalignments in industrialized countries and that the macroeconomic imbalances strongly interact through a causal relationship
Sehi-Bi, Ballo Blizand. "Impact de la mondialisation sur la taille de l’État : analyse théorique et empirique sur un panel de pays à revenu élevé, intermédiaire et faible." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCG008.
Full textThe impact of globalization on the size of the state: theoretical and empirical analysis on high-income, middle-income and low-income countriesMany years after the General Theory of Keynes (1936), which promotes the role of the public sector in economic stabilization, the debate between the supporters of Keynesianism and the partisans of « laissez-faire » remains controversial, despite the Great Recession of 2008-2009 that could have marked a definitive return, or at least for a long time, to the intervention of the state in the economy. The thesis aims to analyze the effects of globalization on the size of the state through the measurement of the impact of economic growth and economic openness. We also measure the impact of the budget balance on the trade balance. To do this, we use on the one hand, a vector autoregressive model (VAR) in a panel, that we estimate by the GMM method. On the other hand, we also implement methods applicable to dynamic heterogeneous panels (PMG, MG and DFE). Ours results suggests that, the link between economic growth and public spending is a function of the nature of spending and changing inequality (in high-income countries). It also show that in high- and middle-income countries, the relationship between fiscal and current balances depends on changes in output; the current account also influences the budget balance in middle-income countries. Finally, the work reveals that trade openness can lead to some inefficiency of public action through lower tax revenues
Akpo, Pasteur Emmanuel Just. "Stabilisation, accomodation et règles monétaires : étude théorique et application aux pays de l'Union Monétaire Ouest-Africaine." Orléans, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ORLE0504.
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