Relevant bibliographies by topics / United Kingdom Branch

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'United Kingdom Branch'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "United Kingdom Branch"

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Zhang, Li, Kevin Kinser, and Yunyu Shi. "World Economies and the Distribution of International Branch Campuses." International Higher Education, no. 77 (September 1, 2014): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2014.77.5674.

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The international branch campus (IBC) has become a noticeable mode of internationalization in higher education, and has garnered great attention from the public and the media. Perhaps because the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia have been the dominant exporting countries, this phenomenon has sometimes been critiqued as a strategy that promotes the interests of developed countries over those of developing countries. However, our analysis of IBC distribution using an economic framework provided by the World Economic Forum suggests that economic competitiveness is more important to the development of IBCs than a dated developed-to-developing.
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Lim, Dongwan, and Youngsu Jong. "A Comparative Study of the Institutionalization of the Accrual Accounting System in the United Kingdom and the United States." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 21, no. 2 (February 28, 2007): 75–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps21205.

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In the 1970s, many countries were in financial crisis as a result of the burden of maintaining the welfare state and repeated oil shocks. To solve these kinds of economic and financial problems, many countires have attempted to reform the public sector by implementing an accrual basis accounting system. But ehre are significant differences among countries in the foundation and evolution of the institution because of differences in institutional structure. In the case of the United Kingdom, institutional structure had been operated seems like there were not veto points. Once a decision had been made in the executive arena, Parliament was unlikely to change it, as the executive government rest on stable parliamentary majorities. However, the institutional structure of the United States works differently from that of the United Kingdom. A lot of decisions made by executive branch could be vetoed by Congress, or vice versa, because they don not share the same resources of power.
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Pike, A. "Making Performance Plants from Branch Plants? In Situ Restructuring in the Automobile Industry in the United Kingdom." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 30, no. 5 (May 1998): 881–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a300881.

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In this paper a critical examination is made of the alleged change in the branch-plant economy. It is claimed that a new type of branch plant is emerging, with more progressive implications for local economic development. This argument is reviewed with reference to in situ restructuring in existing brownfield plants in the automobile industry. Empirical evidence is examined from ‘Motor Co.’ and ‘Car Co.’ (pseudonyms) in Riverside, across several dimensions of change: role and autonomy; labour process; labour-management relations; labour-market strategies; supplier linkages; and local economic development implications. It is argued that changes in branch plants and their implications for local economies can be understood by addressing the interrelations between structure, agency, and contingency. Evidence of change from Motor Co. and Car Co. in Riverside suggest some heightening of plant responsibility, the limited upgrading of functions, and the introduction of new techniques. The changes are partial, revealing the overlap of new and old practices, and the benefits for local economic development appear limited.
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Hunter, David. "Review: Music Librarianship in the United Kingdom: Fifty Years of the United Kingdom Branch of the International Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation Centres." Music and Letters 85, no. 4 (November 1, 2004): 679–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ml/85.4.679.

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Wilkins, Stephen, Muhammad Mohsin Butt, and Carrie Amani Annabi. "The Effects of Employee Commitment in Transnational Higher Education: The Case of International Branch Campuses." Journal of Studies in International Education 21, no. 4 (February 5, 2017): 295–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1028315316687013.

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Higher education is a labor intensive activity and strong organizational performance depends upon employee commitment. This study analyses antecedents and consequences of employee commitment in universities that are involved in transnational higher education, with a focus on identifying differences between the employees at home and foreign branch campuses. The data for the study were obtained using a questionnaire that was completed by both teaching and non-teaching staff at three institutions in the United Kingdom, three institutions in Malaysia, and two institutions in the United Arab Emirates. A conceptual model was proposed and tested using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that employees at international branch campuses are not as motivated and committed to their organizations as their counterparts at home campuses. The findings suggest that institutions need to employ different and customized human resource strategies at home and foreign campuses, specifically with the aim of improving employee commitment and performance at the foreign campuses.
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Denman, S., S. A. Kirk, C. M. Brasier, V. C. Barton, K. J. D. Hughes, and J. F. Webber. "Phytophthora ramorum on Quercus ilex in the United Kingdom." Plant Disease 89, no. 11 (November 2005): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-89-1241a.

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Phytophthora ramorum causes bleeding cankers of trunks of trees native to the west coast of the United States (i.e., Quercus kelloggii, Q. parvula var. shrevei, and Lithocarpus densiflorus). In the United Kingdom so far, bleeding cankers caused by inner bark infections have been found on Aesculus hippocastanum, Fagus sylvatica, Q. cerris, Q. falcata, and Q. petraea ( http://rapra.csl.gov.uk [2005]). Shoot tip dieback (ramorum dieback) and foliar necrosis (ramorum leaf blight) are other diseases caused by the pathogen on understory and ornamental plants (3). Inoculum is produced on infected shoots and leaves of foliar hosts but not on bole cankers (1). Foliar hosts are thus critical in initiating and maintaining epidemics of tree mortality resulting from lethal bark cankers. Ramorum dieback and blight occurs in Europe on genera Rhododendron, Camellia, Kalmia, Pieris, and Viburnum (http://rapra.csl.gov.uk [2005]), and now we report these diseases on foliage and shoots of holm oaks (Quercus ilex) in Cornwall (UK). First discovered in November 2003, infected young leaves had a water-soaked, dull gray appearance, and petioles were blackened. Lesions started at leaf margins, tips, or petioles, often progressing into the midrib veins. Initial infections also occurred on shoots and extended into the petioles. If shoots were infected, they were blackened at first, but later in the season clusters of dry, dead leaves and twigs characterized branch tips. Infected mature leaves bore dry, reddish-brown, restricted lesions. P. ramorum (A1 sexual compatibility type belonging to the European population) was isolated and confirmed by morphological studies, ITS sequence (GenBank Accession No. AY924253), and amplified fragment length polymorphism analyses. Lesions developed on detached leaves dipped for 10 sec in inoculum (4 × 105 zoospores per ml) and incubated in moist chambers at 20°C for 6 days (2). Two isolates were used (four leaves per isolate). The pathogen was reisolated, and the tests were repeated twice. Koch's postulates were also successfully completed once on foliage attached to saplings. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. ramorum on holm oak. So far, at least 24 holm oaks are infected at various woodland and garden sites in the United Kingdom; infected rhododendrons have also been found at these sites. P. ramorum has also been recorded on saplings in nurseries. The high sporulation potential, the evergreen nature of leaves, and susceptible shoots indicate that holm oak could be a significant source of inoculum for other hosts. References: (1) J. M. Davidson et al. Phytopathology 95:587, 2005. (2) S. Denman et al. Plant Pathol. 54:512, 2005. (3) E. M. Hansen et al. Plant Dis. 89:63, 2005.
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ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΑΔΗΣ, Α. "Environmental geology: Branch of geosciences or a marketing term?" Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 34, no. 3 (January 1, 2001): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.17167.

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Environmental Geology is considered to have been coined for the environmental sensitive market. It originated in the United States in the late 1960's to attract students to save the closure of University Geology Departments. After almost thirty years there are still questions about its viability as a stand alone branch of geological sciences, since by definition it encompasses all the specialised branches of engineering geology, economic geology, structural geology, hydrogeology, geochemistry, geophysics, etc. The environmental geologist must, therefore, be a "super geologist", which is an impossibility by present day standards. University curricula in Environmental Geology still teach the basic geological subjects of geology degrees, since these serve as a strong foundation for courses in the environmental field. In the United States, students are required to take at least four elective courses in environmentally orientated earth science subjects during their first degree. Whereas in the United Kingdom a Master of Science course in environmental subjects is recommended as a follow-up to the first degree in Environmental Geology, again a misnomer for the degree in pure Geology. It is quite apparent that Universities jumped on the bandwagon of the environmental market, without serious thought into what they were embarking. They created a non-existent market orientated branch of geological sciences, Environmental Geology, and they subsequently realised that it is impossible to produce the "super student" and the "super geologist", for this is what is in fact demanded. It is strongly believed, that specialists in the different branches of geological sciences, because of their in depth study of the natural geological environment and its processes, have considerable knowledge and expertise to be applied in the solution of environmental problems. This must, therefore, be advertised by both Universities and State Geological Surveys, for advertising is a more powerful tool of getting the message across to the public and to policy-makers, rather than by making up new branches of science with no content.
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Waters, Christopher. "Beyond Lawfare: Juridical Oversight of Western Militaries." Alberta Law Review 46, no. 4 (August 1, 2009): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/alr209.

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While civilian supremacy over the armed forces is accepted as a matter of faith in Western countries, this supremacy often means little more than supremacy of the executive branch of government over top generals. Indeed, efforts to regulate armed forces through broader domestic or international legal frameworks, including international criminal law, have been resisted in some military quarters (particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States) with the military and its backers raising concerns of “legal encirclement” or “lawfare.” The author argues for broad civilian and democratic oversight of armed forces, including through increased judicial and quasi-judicial scrutiny of overseas military actions at the domestic and international levels. The author concludes that broad democratic oversight not only promotes compliance with international legal norms but supports operational effectiveness as well.
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Decker, Frank. "The Monetary Union of Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom – Its Operation, Fragmentation and Break-up." Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte / Economic History Yearbook 63, no. 2 (October 14, 2022): 375–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbwg-2022-0014.

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Abstract This article examines the monetary arrangements between Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom from the 1820s to the 1930s. It is argued that the three countries formed a monetary union for most of this period. A new analysis of inland and London exchange rates demonstrates that the union achieved a high degree of uniformity and stability, and that an international branch network of competing, private banks could successfully integrate vastly different geographic and economic areas. It is shown that the union’s break-up in the 1930s was the result of a political decision to create separate and devalued Australian and New Zealand currencies in order to mitigate some of the impacts of the Great Depression. International lending of last resort only played a limited role and helped to fix exchanges between the newly separated currencies after 1932.
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Happacher, Esther. "Extra-legislative Functions of Second Chambers in Federal Systems." Perspectives on Federalism 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 134–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pof-2018-0020.

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Abstract Discussions regarding the functional design of second chambers in federal or quasifederal systems seem to focus mainly on legislative functions. Thus, extra- or nonlegislative functions related to the executive branch or the judiciary have been rather neglected in the literature. This paper will examine the extra-legislative functions of second chambers which include Austria, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. By grouping the functions into different categories (relations with the Government, appointment functions and functions in the field of international affairs, powers in relation to the European Union and functions granted to maintain the legitimate constitutional order), their effectiveness in serving the purposes of bicameralism, and of regional representation, will be explored.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "United Kingdom Branch"

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Lowe, Krispian Tom Edward. "Infrared polarimetry and integral field spectroscopy of post-asymptotic giant branch stars." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/2449.

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In this thesis, I present the properties of IRAS 19306+1407 central source and its sur- rounding circumstellar envelope (CSE), from the analysis of near-infrared (near-IR) polarimetry and integral field spectroscopy (IFS), with supporting archived HST im- ages and sub-millimetre (sub-mm) photometry. This is supported by axi-symmetric light scattering (ALS), axi-symmetric radiative transfer (DART) and molecular hy-drogen (H2) shock models. The polarimetric images show that IRAS 19306+1407 has a dusty torus, which deviates from axisymmetry and exhibits a ‘twist’ feature. The DART and ALS modelling shows that the CSE consists of Oxygen-rich sub-micrometre dust grains, with a range in temperature from 130±30 to 40±20 K at the inner and outer radius, respectively, with inner and outer radii of 1.9±0.1×1014 and 2.7±0.1×1015 m. The CSE detached 400±10 years ago and the mass loss lasted 5700±160 years, assuming a constant asymptotic giant branch (AGB) outflow speed of 15 km s−1. The dust mass and total mass of the CSE is 8.9±5×10−4 and 1.8±1.0×10 −1 M⊙, assuming a gas-to-dust ratio of 200. The mass loss rate was 3.4±2.1×10−5 M⊙ year−1. The central source is consistent with a B1I-type star with a radius of 3.8 ± 0.6 R⊙, luminosity of 4500 ± 340 L⊙ at a distance of 2.7 ± 0.1 kpc. A purpose built idl package (fus) was developed and used in the SINFONI IFS data critical final reduction steps. It also produced emission line, kinematic and line ratio images. The IFS observations show that H2 is detected throughout the CSE, located in bright arcs and in the bipolar lobes. The velocity of the H2 is greatest at the end of the lobes. Brγ emission originates from, or close, to the central source – produced by a fast jump (J) shock or photo-ionised atomic gas. The 1-0 S(1)/2- 1 S(1) and 1-0 S(1)/3-2 S(3) ratios were used as a diagnostic and determined that H2 was excited by bow shaped shocks; however, these shock models could not wholly explain the observed rotational and vibrational temperatures. The CDR values were fitted by combining continuous (C) or J-bow shock and fluorescence models, with a contribution from the latter, observed throughout the CSE (5–77 per cent). The majority of shock can be described by a C-bow shock model with B = 0.02 to 1.28 mG. Shocks are predominately seen in the equatorial regions. Polarimetry and IFS highlight a ‘twist’ feature, which could be due to an episodic jet undergoing a recent change in the outflow direction. The sub-arcsecond IFS observations reveal a flocculent structure in the south- east bright arc, consisting of several clumps interpreted as a fast-wind eroding an equatorial torus, possibly forming H2 knots seen in (some) evolved planetary nebulae (PNe). My analysis has effectively constrained the following: spectral type, stellar radius, luminosity and distance, chemistry, dust grain properties, geometry, age, mass loss, excitation mechanism and evolutionary state of the post-AGB star and its surrounding CSE. I conclude that IRAS 19306+1407 is a post-AGB object on the verge becoming a PN.
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Mamrillová, Alexandra. "Branch Environment of Organic Agricultural Land in the Czech Republic and United Kingdom." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-169144.

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Books on the topic "United Kingdom Branch"

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Richard, Turbet, and International Association of Music Libraries, Archives, and Documentation Centres. United Kingdom Branch, eds. Music librarianship in the United Kingdom: Fifty years of the United Kingdom Branch of the International Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation Centres. Aldershot, England: Ashgate, 2003.

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School, Clay Mathematics Institute Summer. Strings and geometry: Proceedings of the Clay Mathematics Institute 2002 Summer School on Strings and Geometry, Isaac Newton Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom, March 24-April 20, 2002. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society, 2004.

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Gregory, Roy. The Ombudsman, the citizen and parliament: A history of the office of the Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration and Health Service Commissioners. London: Politico's Pub., 2002.

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Gary, Streeter, ed. There is such a thing as society: Twelve principles of compassionate conservatism. London: Politico's, 2002.

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W, Davis Richard. A political history of the House of Lords, 1811-1846, from the regency to corn law repeal. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 2008.

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1989 papers: Joint meeting with Canadian Branch : joint meeting with United Kingdom Branch. [ ]: IFA, 1989.

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Music Librarianship in the UK: Fifty Years of the British Branch of the International Association of Music Librarians. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Music Librarianship in the UK : : Fifty Years of the British Branch of the International Association of Music Librarians. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Turbet, R. B. Music Librarianship in the UK: Fifty Years of the British Branch of the International Association of Music Librarians. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Holden, John, and Robert Hewison. Experience and Experiment. Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "United Kingdom Branch"

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Barber, N. W. "Legislatures." In The United Kingdom Constitution, 158–83. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852315.003.0010.

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The chapter examines the structure, operation, and personnel of the legislature. The legislature enacts laws, scrutinizes the executive, and is responsible for the appointment and support of the government. These purposes should inform the selection of its members and determine its relationship to the executive branch; the chapter examines the extent to which the present structures of the constitution meet these challenges. The vital role of political parties in enabling the operation of the legislature is considered, and the role of parties in establishing connections between voters and the legislature, facilitating the production of coherent legislation, and enabling the democratic control of the executive branch is examined.
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Jones, Malcolm. "Con Brio: a history of the Branch journal." In Music Librarianship in the United Kingdom, 120–26. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003073741_7.

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Cohn, Margit. "Conclusion." In A Theory of the Executive Branch, 321–22. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821984.003.0012.

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To conclude, this book has traced the ways two central Western democracies, the United Kingdom and the United States, have developed and retained fuzzy modes of law that were relied upon by aggrandized heads of the executive branch. Viewed as an unavoidable feature of governance, the resulting argument for a similar aggrandizement of review by courts, designed to curb some of the ensuing abuse of power, is central to the rounded model offered in the book.
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Cohn, Margit. "Preliminaries." In A Theory of the Executive Branch, 7–41. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821984.003.0002.

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This chapter introduces the setting for the study of the executive branch, and sets aside several issues that may be considered as challenges to the project. A short section on the definition of ‘the executive branch’ is followed by an overview of the literature on the executive, showing that the immense body of research is almost entirely system-based, and contains limited theoretical and comparative analysis. To date, no general theory, or model of the executive branch, can be found in the current academic literature. An exposé of the central analytical concept used in this book—that of the ‘internal tension’ element of constitutionalism, leads to the discussion and rejection of two challenges to the project, which draws on the law and political practices of the United States and the United Kingdom. The first focuses on the alleged incomparability of parliamentary and presidential regimes, the second on the so-called ‘breaking down’ of the executive branch and the devolution of many of its functions to agencies placed outside the ‘core executive’. Variations do exist, but sufficient similarities, the existence of complex structures that do not follow simple binary divides, and the de facto dominance of the executive in both systems, fully support the analyses presented in the book.
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Flaherty, Martin S. "The New World Order." In Restoring the Global Judiciary, 137–48. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691179124.003.0007.

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This chapter looks to the real “New World Order.” Conventionally, international relations as well as international law concentrated on the interactions of nation-states. On this model, the United States, China, Russia, the United Kingdom, Kenya, Mexico, and the Bahamas, for example, are principally the irreducible units. Recent thinking emphasizes that instead, international relations more and more consists of executive, legislative, and judicial officials directly reaching out to their foreign counterparts to share information, forge ongoing networks, coordinate cooperation, and construct new frameworks. The traditional nation-state has today become “disaggregated,” dealing with its peers less as monolithic sovereign states than through these more specialized “global networks.” Notably, the counterparts that officials of one state seek out in others tracks the divisions of separation of powers: executives to executives, judges to judges, legislators to legislators. How such transnational, interdepartmental networking affects each branch of government within a given state is another matter.
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Stanbrook, Ivor, and Clive Stanbrook Qc. "Human Rights." In Extradition: Law And Practice, 89–110. Oxford University PressOxford, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198268178.003.0005.

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Abstract As a branch of international law, extradition law is unusual in that it concerns the conduct of individual people as well as that of States, which are traditionally regarded as the principal subjects of international law. The movement for the inter- national assertion and protection of human rights, which has grown rapidly since the Second World War, has accentuated that aspect. Human rights considerations are now so well established, whether by international conventions or by domestic constitutional safeguards, that they need to be taken into account with the applicable extradition law in almost every case. In the United Kingdom the new Labour Government, as part of its campaign ‘Rights Brought Home’, has given further effect in domestic law to provisions of the European Convention of Human Rights.
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Lloyd, Ian J. "16. Copyright protection." In Information Technology Law, 271–320. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198830559.003.0016.

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This chapter discusses protection under the law of copyright. Topics covered include copyright basics; obtaining copyright; forms of protected work; the requirement of originality; copyright ownership; copyright infringement; the nature of copying; other rights belonging to the copyright owner; the development of software copyright; and literal and non-literal copying. The law of copyright is perhaps the major branch of intellectual property law relevant to computer software. Virtually every piece of software will be protected by copyright. The main issue concerns the extent of the protection that is offered. Computer programs are generally protected as literary works. This was appropriate in the early days where computers performed essentially functional tasks – often associated with mathematical calculations. It is arguable that modern software, which often makes extensive use of graphical images, is more akin to an artistic work than a literary one. Regardless of categorization, the courts in the United Kingdom have applied a narrow interpretation of the scope of copyright. Reproduction of the underlying code will be unlawful but replication through independent work of the effects produced by the code (often referred to a non-literal copying) will not.
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Greer, Steven. "Decline: 1984." In Supergrasses, 118–44. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198257660.003.0006.

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Abstract On 12 January 1984 the conviction of RUC Special Branch sergeant Charles McCormick, secured largely on the evidence of IRA informer Anthony O ‘Doherty, was quashed on appeal.1 The North ern Ireland Court of Appeal held that Mr Justice Murray, the trial judge, had been wrong to conclude that the evidence independent of O ‘Doherty ‘s testimony reached the high corroborative standard he himself deemed necessary.2 On 22 August it was announced that O ‘Doherty would be released by exercise of the royal prerogative, after having served only five years of an eighteen-year sentence on fifty-seven terrorist charges. Commenting upon his release, the Northern Ireland Office said that his sentence had been reduced as a reward for having supplied information which had led to the break-up of dozens of IRA units.3 Although he was given a new identity, and a weekly wage, in another part of the United Kingdom, within a fortnight he had returned to his familiar haunts in the Ballymena area and was last seen in 1989, which suggests that, unusually, the IRA had no intention of punishing him.4
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Barber, N. W. "Realising the Separation of Powers." In The United Kingdom Constitution, 206–14. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852315.003.0012.

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It is sometimes argued that the separation of powers is not a feature of the UK constitution because of the connections between the legislature and executive; the UK constitution is, it is said, characterized by fusion rather than separation. This chapter argues that this objection is misconceived, and there is a significant distinction between these branches. The supposed fusion of the legislature and executive is more apparent than real and a significant division exists between these two branches in parliamentary systems. The chapter also considers the types of institutional structure used in the UK constitution to establish and protect the separation of powers.
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Edwards, Vanessa. "Introduction and Overview of the Company Law Harmonization Programme." In EC Company Law, 1–14. Oxford University PressOxford, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198259930.003.0001.

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Abstract In 1973, the first year of the United Kingdom’s membership of the European Community, Professor Schmitthoff wrote: ‘Company law will be the first branch of law which will emerge as a truly European law.’ A quarter of a century later, the prediction of a truly European company law (even if it is not necessarily the first branch) may be described as significantly realized: Community legislation now regulates companies’ disclosure and publicity requirements, the legality of preincorporation and ultra vires transactions, the nullity of companies, the formation of public companies and the maintenance and alteration of their capital, mergers and divisions of public companies, companies’ annual and consolidated accounts,8 the qualification of company auditors, disclosure by cross-frontier branches of companies,10 single-member companies, admission to Stock Exchange listing, public offers of listed and unlisted securities, acquisitions and disposals of major shareholdings, and insider dealing.
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Conference papers on the topic "United Kingdom Branch"

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Kodaneva, Svetlana. "Resilience of the Constitutional Phenomena to Social Threats (the United Kingdom case)." In East – West: Practical Approaches to Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcshss.vicg9790.

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A noticeable trend in constitutional law in recent years has been a broad interpretation that allows referring to the subject of constitutional law, in addition to the provisions enshrined in the written constitution, also the sources of international and common law. This article is focused on the analysis of the risks arising from the recognition of constitutional principles formulated in various unwritten sources, such as traditions, doctrine and judicial interpretation. For this purpose, the experience of the United Kingdom is studied, a country that does not have a written constitution, and the legal system of which is based on constitutional principles enshrined in those various sources. At the same time, the Brexit process has become a clear example of a destabilising situation that has revealed internal conflicts and contradictions of the constitutional principles. The political processes, that accompanied the Brexit process and resulted in a constitutional crisis both at the horizontal (between the parliament and executive branch) and vertical (between the centre and regions) levels, are analysed. Based on the conducted study, it was concluded that the attribution to constitutional principles arising from international law and judicial practice is erroneous and is a dangerous phenomenon for the constitutional law. Consequently, a deep research into the nature of such ‘quasi-principles’ is required, revealing their place in the legal system of Russia, taking into account the hierarchy of principles, in which the principles arising from unwritten sources and international law should not be placed on the same level with constitutional principles directly enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
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İncekara, Ahmet, and Elif Haykır Hobikoğlu. "Eco-innovation as a Determinant of the Importance of Sustainable Economic Development: World and Turkey Examples." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01170.

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In modern societies, because of the continuity of change and transformation, innovation became one of the hallmarks of community life. Studies which mainly started by engineers in the field of environment, nowadays became a work area in many branches of science. Although eco-innovation has supply or demand side determinants, there are some corporate and political effects. Negative interaction with the environment of the societies of the world has become a risk for the sustainable existence. It also revealed the need for eco-innovation. Eco-innovation examined in four main sectors such as recycling, building and construction, food and beverage, and green businesses. Businesses can also become a part of the transformation and the concept has emerged that called green businesses. Contribute to the formation of eco-labeling has provided public awareness. Netherlands, Germany, France, the United Kingdom and Turkey are examined, said that Turkey's eco-innovation in the early period.
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Blažić, Đorđije, and Anika Kovačević. "IZVRŠNA VLAST U VIDOVDANSKOM USTAVU." In 100 GODINA OD VIDOVDANSKOG USTAVA. Faculty of law, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/zbvu21.247b.

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The author analyzes the provisions of the Vidоvdan Constitution which regulate the position and competence of the executive branch. With the Vidovdan Constitution, the Kingdom of Serbs Croats and Slovenes was proclaimed a constitutional parliamentary and hereditary monarchy in which the King has a central constitutional position and the position of an undisputed holder of executive power. The executive power is made available to the king, which is exercised by the ministers for him, with him and his subordinates. Ministers form the Council of Ministers (Government) and are at the head of certain administrative departments. Although the Constitution proclaimed parliamentarism, there was no classic parliamentary responsibility of ministers before the Assembly. The king was a political factor that enters the field of competence of other holders of power, and thus the division of power provided by the constitution "falls away". The king's power extends to the civil and military field of life of the state, to the external and internal spheres. Although the adoption of the Vidovdan Constitution aimed to create a unified system of organization and division of power, the internal state and political situation in the country, after the adoption of the Constitution, became more complicated and filled with frequent ministerial crises and conflicts of political parties. The King's domination and his frequent "going out" outside the constitutional framework resulted in increasing centralization and, in the end, a coup d'etat and the establishment of King Alexander Karadjordjevic's personal dictatorship.
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Reports on the topic "United Kingdom Branch"

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McPhedran, R., K. Patel, B. Toombs, P. Menon, M. Patel, J. Disson, K. Porter, A. John, and A. Rayner. Food allergen communication in businesses feasibility trial. Food Standards Agency, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.tpf160.

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Background: Clear allergen communication in food business operators (FBOs) has been shown to have a positive impact on customers’ perceptions of businesses (Barnett et al., 2013). However, the precise size and nature of this effect is not known: there is a paucity of quantitative evidence in this area, particularly in the form of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The Food Standards Agency (FSA), in collaboration with Kantar’s Behavioural Practice, conducted a feasibility trial to investigate whether a randomised cluster trial – involving the proactive communication of allergen information at the point of sale in FBOs – is feasible in the United Kingdom (UK). Objectives: The trial sought to establish: ease of recruitments of businesses into trials; customer response rates for in-store outcome surveys; fidelity of intervention delivery by FBO staff; sensitivity of outcome survey measures to change; and appropriateness of the chosen analytical approach. Method: Following a recruitment phase – in which one of fourteen multinational FBOs was successfully recruited – the execution of the feasibility trial involved a quasi-randomised matched-pairs clustered experiment. Each of the FBO’s ten participating branches underwent pair-wise matching, with similarity of branches judged according to four criteria: Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS) score, average weekly footfall, number of staff and customer satisfaction rating. The allocation ratio for this trial was 1:1: one branch in each pair was assigned to the treatment group by a representative from the FBO, while the other continued to operate in accordance with their standard operating procedure. As a business-based feasibility trial, customers at participating branches throughout the fieldwork period were automatically enrolled in the trial. The trial was single-blind: customers at treatment branches were not aware that they were receiving an intervention. All customers who visited participating branches throughout the fieldwork period were asked to complete a short in-store survey on a tablet affixed in branches. This survey contained four outcome measures which operationalised customers’: perceptions of food safety in the FBO; trust in the FBO; self-reported confidence to ask for allergen information in future visits; and overall satisfaction with their visit. Results: Fieldwork was conducted from the 3 – 20 March 2020, with cessation occurring prematurely due to the closure of outlets following the proliferation of COVID-19. n=177 participants took part in the trial across the ten branches; however, response rates (which ranged between 0.1 - 0.8%) were likely also adversely affected by COVID-19. Intervention fidelity was an issue in this study: while compliance with delivery of the intervention was relatively high in treatment branches (78.9%), erroneous delivery in control branches was also common (46.2%). Survey data were analysed using random-intercept multilevel linear regression models (due to the nesting of customers within branches). Despite the trial’s modest sample size, there was some evidence to suggest that the intervention had a positive effect for those suffering from allergies/intolerances for the ‘trust’ (β = 1.288, p<0.01) and ‘satisfaction’ (β = 0.945, p<0.01) outcome variables. Due to singularity within the fitted linear models, hierarchical Bayes models were used to corroborate the size of these interactions. Conclusions: The results of this trial suggest that a fully powered clustered RCT would likely be feasible in the UK. In this case, the primary challenge in the execution of the trial was the recruitment of FBOs: despite high levels of initial interest from four chains, only one took part. However, it is likely that the proliferation of COVID-19 adversely impacted chain participation – two other FBOs withdrew during branch eligibility assessment and selection, citing COVID-19 as a barrier. COVID-19 also likely lowered the on-site survey response rate: a significant negative Pearson correlation was observed between daily survey completions and COVID-19 cases in the UK, highlighting a likely relationship between the two. Limitations: The trial was quasi-random: selection of branches, pair matching and allocation to treatment/control groups were not systematically conducted. These processes were undertaken by a representative from the FBO’s Safety and Quality Assurance team (with oversight from Kantar representatives on pair matching), as a result of the chain’s internal operational restrictions.
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Visitors to the Strand Branch, London - HM the Queen and Princess Mary - 21 February 1919, with Andrew Fisher, The Australian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-002061.

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Visitors to Strand Branch, London - HM the Queen and Princess Mary - 21 February 1919: Staff assembled. Incudes Andrew Fisher, the Australian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-002059.

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