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1
Webb, Philippa. "The United Nations Convention Against Corruption." Journal of International Economic Law 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 191–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jielaw/jgi009.
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Kesiranon, Kitjapat. "Scrutinize the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC)." Journal of Contemporary Sociological Issues 3, no. 2 (August 31, 2023): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/csi.v3i2.27775.
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Corruption has been dramatically undermining human rights, and there are some legal problems in the anti-corruption law regime. This reality is not only unlawful but also naturally unfair. Therefore, using historical comparative analyses, the article aims to demonstrate two problematic issues remaining in the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), which leave the threshold for human rights abuse and the smooth way to sustainable development, namely the absence of a precise definition of corruption and the absence of sanction provisions under the UNCAC. The article indicates the human rights undermining characteristic of corruption, the UNCAC's problems in coping with systematic corruption, which significantly violates human rights, and relevant scholarly doctrines supportive of the definability of corruption, especially the human-rights-based approach. The paper finally offers the standard definition of corruption under the Human-Rights Based Approach to cover systematic corruption that is sometimes lawful under domestic laws. Furthermore, this paper offers the systematic concrete sanction to make the Convention truly enforceable worldwide. In this regard, the roles of the International Criminal Court (ICC) should be taken into account to achieve a corruption-free society and sustainable development for humanity.
Keywords: Systematic corruption, UNCAC, human rights
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Hiariej, Eddy Omar Sharif. "United Nations Convention Against Corruption dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia." Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada 31, no. 1 (May 2, 2019): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmh.43968.
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The Indonesian government had ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption [’UNCAC’] through Act No. 7 of 2006. However, the Indonesian Act on Anti-Corruption has yet to be synchronized with UNCAC. On one hand, corruption has become a massive issue in Indonesia, but on the other hand, the existing Anti-Corruption Act has yet to be in compliance with the relevant international instrument. Therefore, the implementation of UNCAC has become more urgent. Aside from the need to counter corruption efficiently and effectively, UNCAC calls upon the need for international cooperation against corruption.
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Situmorang, Mosgan. "HARMONISASI HUKUM NASIONAL DI BIDANG KORUPSI DENGAN UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION." Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2014): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v3i3.29.
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<p>Berbagai upaya pemberantasan korupsi telah dilakukan sejak lama namun belum memberikan hasil sebagaimana yang diharapkan. Tindak pidana korupsi diatur antara lain dalam KUHP yang bersifat umum atau lex generalis dan undang- undang yang dibuat khusus untuk penanggulangan korupsi seperti undang-undang tindak pidana korupsi maupun undang-undang tindak pidana suap. Disamping itu masih terdapat konvensi Internasional seperti United Nations Convention Against Corruption Tahun 2003. Seperti pemerintahan terdahulu, pemerintahan Jokowi juga mempunyai program tentang pemberantasan korupsi yang sudah dimuat dalam Rancangan Teknokrat Jokowi. Dalam rancangan itu dimuat strategi pemberantasan korupsi yang dilakukan melalui harmonisasi perundang-undangan korupsi dengan konvensi internasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode normatif yuridis untuk membahas peraturan apa saja yang terkait dengan pemberantasan korupsi serta bagaimanakah harmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang korupsi dengan ketentuan United Nations Convention Against Corruption. Dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa masih terdapat ketidakharmonisan antara peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang korupsi dengan konvensi Internasional pemberantasan korupsi sehingga perlu segera dilakukan harmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan nasional dengan konvensi Internasional di bidang korupsi dan strategi yang lebih jitu dan penegakan hukum yang lebih tegas dalam pemberantasan dan pencegahan korupsi ke depan.</p><p>Various corruption eradication efforts have been done for a long time. Yet the result has not been as expected. Corruption is set in Criminal code as lex generalis and other laws made specifically for the prevention of corruption, such as Law of corruption and bribery laws. There are also International conventions such as the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in 2003. Just like the previous government, The President Jokowi’s governance also has programs in eradicating corruption which are already loaded in the draft of Jokowi’s Technocrats. Those draft consist of strategy to combat corruption through harmonization of Regulations on Corruption with international conventions on corruption. This research was conducted using normative juridis method by discussing any regulations that are associated with the eradication of corruption and how the harmonization of the laws and regulations in the field of corruption with the provisions of the United Nations Convention against Corruption. From this research, it can be concluded that there is disharmony between the legislation in the field of corruption and the International Conventions Against Corruption so that is why harmonization of national legislation with international conventions in the field of corruption should be made and accurately strategies and law enforcement in combating and prevent corruption in the future should be more strict.</p>
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Darmawansyah, Adi. "People’s Role as Victims in State Financial Corruption." Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science 2, no. 4 (January 27, 2023): 2284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v2i4.420.
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In positive law in Indonesia related to public participation as victims in corruption crimes is still not regulated in the criminal law. In particular, corruption of state financial losses has harmed society. Many of the Court's Rulings only focus on the return of state losses to the state treasury, however, the real victims are the people who have been charged with the crime of corruption who do not get access to justice from the sentencing of the court. The state must access the return of state losses to the public as victims of corruption crimes Indonesia has ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption/UNCAC convention through Law Number 7 Tahun 2006 concerning ratification of the United Nations Convention on Anti-Corruption has not fully provided space for victims in this case the community to be able to demand compensation, restitution, compensation for corruption cases. This research is normative juridical by examining the formulation provisions in Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes jo. Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes and ratifying the United Nations Convention Against Corruption/UNCAC convention through Law Number 7 of 2006 on ratification of the United Nations Convention on Anti-Corruption.
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Nicotera, Giovanni. "China’s commitment to the United Nations Convention against Corruption." Freedom from Fear 2014, no. 9 (March 11, 2011): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/aea3358f-en.
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Gunawan, Kristian, Yopi. "PEMBERANTASAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI PASCA RATIFIKASI THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION (UNCAC) DAN PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA." Res Nullius Law Journal 2, no. 1 (March 16, 2020): 8–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/rnlj.v2i1.2758.
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Dalam kenyataannya saat ini, meningkatnya kasus tindak pidana korupsi dari tahun ke tahun telah menimbulkan kerugian negara yang sangat besar yang pada gilirannya dapat berdampak pada timbulnya krisis di berbagai bidang. Di samping itu, mengingat bahwa tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia terjadi secara sistematik dan meluas serta lingkupnya yang memasuki seluruh aspek kehidupan masyarakat, tindak pidana korupsi tidak hanya merugikan keuangan negara, tetapi juga telah melanggar hak-hak sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat secara luas dan dalam jangka panjang akan membawa bencana bagi kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara pada umumnya. Karena itu semua maka tindak pidana korupsi tidak lagi dapat digolongkan sebagai kejahatan biasa melainkan kejahatan kerah putih yang berdampak luar biasa. Mengingat hal tersebut, muncul kesadaran bahwa pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi perlu dilakukan dengan cara-cara luar biasa. Upaya pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi yang selama lebih dari 60 tahun telah dilakukan, baik pada era Orde Lama dan Orde baru, maupun pada Era Reformasi, serta Era Baru pemerintahan saat ini yakni dengan melakukan berbagai upaya ternyata belum menunjukkan hasil seperti yang diharapkan. Hal ini terbukti dengan hasil survei lembaga rating kaliber dunia berkaitan dengan pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi telah menempatkan Indonesia ke dalam peringkat teratas di Asia atau sekurang-kurangnya ke dalam kelompok sepuluh besar negara terkorup di dunia.
Menanggapi hal ini, sudah tentu hukum harus kembali mengambil peranannya sebagai alat untuk menciptakan masyarakat yang aman, adil, makmur dan sejahtera yakni dengan melakukan penindakan dan pencegahan dilakukannya tindak pidana korupsi. Apabila melihat kebelakang, pada tanggal 18 April 2006 lalu Indonesia telah meratifikasi The United Nations Convention Against Corruption melalui Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 7 Tahun 2006. Namun sangat disayangkan, peratifikasian The United Nations Convention Against Corruption melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2006 tersebut tidak dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik. Hal ini dikarenakan masih banyak prinsip-prinsip yang terdapat dalam The United Nations Convention Against Corruption belum diadopsi oleh peraturan perundang-undangan nasional khususnya peraturan perundang-undangan yang menyangkut pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi yakni Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 31 Tahun 1999 sebagaimana telah diubah oleh Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 20 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi.
Kata Kunci: Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Konvensi PBB menentang Tindak Pidana Korupsi, 2003, Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana.
Abstract
The continual increase of corruption criminal acts from years to years has caused huge losses to the nation which in turns its impact will induce multiple-aspect crisis. Considering that the Indonesian corruption criminal acts occur systematically and extensively in all aspects of people’s lives, corruption acts do not only harm the nation’s monetary, but also violate people’s social and economical rights widely, and in long terms will bring catastrophe to the lives of the people and the nation. Thus, the corruption criminal acts can no longer be categorized as a common crime but a systematic and organized crime. Corruption criminal acts are also performed as a white collar crimes and extra ordinary crimes. This tendency raises awareness that the eradication of corruption criminal acts needs to be extraordinarily treated. The effort to eradicate corruption criminal acts has been performed for more than 60 years during the Old Order, New Order, Reformation Era, and the New Era of the current government. However, the result has not shown the desired outcome. It is proven by the survey from the world-caliber institution that pertains to the eradication of corruption criminal acts. The result places Indonesia in the first place of the most corrupted nation in Asia and in the big ten in the world.
Responding to this issue, laws are supposed to perform its role as an instrument to create a secure, just, prosperous, and flourish society through actions and prevention against the corruption criminal acts. On 18 April 2006, Indonesia has ratified The United Nations Convention against Corruption through the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7/2006 about the validation of The United Nations Convention Against Corruption. Unfortunately, the ratification of The United Nations Convention Against Corruption through the Constitution No. 7/2006 is not well-enforced as there are still many principles in The United Nations Convention Against Corruption which have not been adopted by the national constitution, in particular the constitution on the eradication of corruption criminal acts in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20/2001 about the Eradication of Corruption Criminal Acts.
Keywords: Eradication On Corruption Criminal Acts, The United Nations Convention Against Corruption, 2003, Penal Reform.
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Kubiciel, Michael. "Core Criminal Law Provisions in the United Nations Convention Against Corruption." International Criminal Law Review 9, no. 1 (2009): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181209x398853.
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AbstractWith the adoption of the UNCAC in 2003, the international legal development in the fight against corruption has reached its peak. Now the convention has to be filled with life. This is the task of national law-makers, law enforcement bodies and courts. They all need substantial information concerning the content of the convention's articles. Unfortunately, an offical or semi-official commentary to the UNCAC does not exist. This study aims at filling that gap by providing substanial information for the core criminal law provisions “bribery of public offical” and “active bribery of foreign public officials”. To this end, the study reveals cross-relations between the UNCAC and international conventions whose articles have been used as examples for the legal design of the UNCAC. Since several of the preceding conventions are accompanied by official commentaries or explanatory reports, these documents also offer a deep insight into the UNCAC.
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Weilert, A. Katarina. "United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) – After Ten Years of Being in Force." Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 19, no. 1 (May 30, 2016): 216–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413-00190008.
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The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) was adopted in October 2003 and entered into force on 14 December 2005. It is the first comprehensive global instrument to fight corruption and great hopes are pinned on this convention. The article recalls why corruption is a serious problem and that the various cultural and legal backgrounds make it difficult to come up with a common definition. Hence the States are not equally ready to commit themselves to anti-corruption laws. The evaluation of the content and implementing measures of the UNCAC is embedded in the presentation of other instruments against corruption. In particular, the article describes the current status of the implementation mechanism by the Conference of the States Parties to the United Nations Convention against Corruption, and the results of the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism (2010–2015).
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Hensgen, Leonie. "Corruption and Human Rights – Making the Connection at the United Nations." Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 17, no. 1 (2013): 197–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413-90000085.
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Since the 1990s the fight against corruption has been on everyone’s lips. The United Nations’ approach to the problem resulted in the 2005 United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), the most comprehensive instrument against corruption on the international level. In March 2013, a Panel Discussion on the Negative Impact of Corruption on the Enjoyment of Human Rights took place, convened by the Human Rights Council. What are the links between (anti-)corruption measures and human rights and why do the United Nations deal with it? Both questions are more closely interrelated than it might appear at first sight. This article will not only examine the connection and the United Nations’ involvement, but also provide new aspects for a further debate.
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Dwi Cahyani, Tinuk, Muhamad Helmi Md Said, and Muhamad Sayuti Hassan. "A COMPARISON BETWEEN INDONESIAN AND MALAYSIAN ANTI-CORRUPTION LAWS." PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 10, no. 2 (2023): 275–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v10n2.a7.
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Corruption is quite a complicated problem. It has made many countries, including Indonesia, to ratify the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC). It is an effort to prevent and to eradicate corruption with international cooperation. Unfortunately, several studies have revealed that Indonesia is experiencing a legal vacuum on corruption because Indonesia only adopts a few points of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in written regulations. The legal vacuum causes difficulties in the resolution of corruption cases. Compared to other countries, the Indonesia Corruption Perceptions Index is still quite high. It leads to some questions that are addressed in this study. First, why does Indonesia not adopt all articles of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption? Second, how are corruption cases in Indonesia managed after the ratification? Third, how is the comparison of the law to the Malaysia law? To answer the questions, this study used a normative method. It employed the analysis of primary and secondary data assisted using the nVivo 12 application. The study revealed that Indonesia cannot ratify all articles because Indonesia needs some adjustments to meet the required proportions before the new laws are passed. After the ratification, Indonesia seems to have better regulations and adequate existing conditions. Lastly, laws or regulations in Malaysia are more dynamic than Indonesia.
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Soliman, Hussein, and Sherry Cable. "Sinking under the weight of corruption: Neoliberal reform, political accountability and justice." Current Sociology 59, no. 6 (October 20, 2011): 735–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392111419748.
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The United Nations adopted the 2003 Convention Against Corruption to reduce corruption in developing nations. Corruption’s determinants include political systems’ permeability to economic influence, state economic intervention, weak political competition and officials’ discretionary power to allocate resources. Corruption’s outcomes are slowed economic development, misallocation of government resources, income inequalities and, less frequently, disasters. Using archival and interview data, this article documents corruption’s shaping of the 2006 sinking of an Egyptian ferry in the Red Sea, which killed 1034; high-level corruption not only caused the disaster but exacerbated its impacts. The study’s findings confirm much of the empirical literature but contradict assertions that corruption is associated with high levels of government intervention in the economy. Based on the findings, the article gives a critique of neoliberal reform that associates it with high-level corruption.
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Yeh, Stuart S. "APUNCAC: An International Convention to Fight Corruption, Money Laundering, and Terrorist Financing." Law and Development Review 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 633–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ldr-2021-0049.
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Abstract This article explains how corruption, money laundering, and terrorist financing could be addressed through an Anticorruption Protocol to the United Nations Convention against Corruption (APUNCAC). APUNCAC seeks to establish United Nations inspectors, dedicated anticorruption courts, and aggressive measures to fight corruption, including requirements to obtain and report accurate beneficial owner information when funds are transmitted internationally. This information is needed to deter money laundering. APUNCAC would allow private litigants to commence a Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) civil action and recover three times the amount of their damages. These provisions create financial incentives for private litigants to fight corruption through civil actions. The provisions leverage private interests and align these interests in the fight against corruption. APUNCAC also includes treaty provisions designed to ensure that APUNCAC is implemented as intended. This article addresses the issue of complementarity. APUNCAC is designed to complement, rather than replace, existing domestic institutions.
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Vlassis, Dimitri. "The United nations convention against corruption: A successful example of international action against economic crime." Temida 15, no. 2 (2012): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem1202061v.
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This article briefly outlines the progress made in recent years in the development of an international legal framework to combat economic crime, with a specific focus on the United Nations Convention against Corruption. The author notes the impressive progress made by the international community in both the creation and implementation of the Convention, particularly through the adoption of the Implementation Review Mechanism.
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Moiseienko, Anton. "THE OWNERSHIP OF CONFISCATED PROCEEDS OF CORRUPTION UNDER THE UN CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 67, no. 3 (April 23, 2018): 669–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002058931800012x.
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AbstractArticle 51 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption sets forth the return of assets diverted through corruption as a fundamental principle of the Convention. This raises the question of whether the State where the stolen assets are located is entitled to refuse their repatriation or subject it to certain conditions. This article analyses the Convention and the policy considerations behind it and argues that such a State has a wider discretion over the return of stolen assets than is often thought. Furthermore, the article argues that the rule of law may be better served if States take vigorous action to confiscate the proceeds of corruption regardless of whether they are ultimately repatriated.
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Sari, Wise Dovanita. "PENERAPAN HUKUM PIDANA INTERNASIONAL DALAM RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN JANGKA PANJANG NASIONAL 2005-2025 HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA." Jurnal JURISTIC 1, no. 03 (January 27, 2021): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.35973/jrs.v1i03.1958.
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Hubungan antara hukum pidana internasional dan hukum pidana nasional adalah hubungan yang bersifat komplementer antara satu dengan yang lain dan memiliki arti penting dalam rangka penegakan hukum pidana itu sendiri. Hal ini jelas terlihat banyaknya asas dalam hukum pidana nasional diadopsi sebagai asas-asas dalam hukum pidana internasional. Dalam penelitian ini penulis akan membahas tentang hubungan atau pengaruh dan penerapan <em>United Nations Convention Against Corruption</em> <em>(UNCAC) </em>dalam Pembangunan Jangka Panjang Nasional 2005-2025 Hukum Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia yang disajikan dalam bentuk penelitian hukum yuridis normatif. Data disampaikan secara deskriptif analitis dengan penjelasan dalam bahasa yang mudah dipahami dan dimengerti. Data utama diambil dari Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 17 Tahun 2007 tentang Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Panjang Nasional (RPJPN) 2005-2025 dan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 2006 tentang Pengesahan<em> United Nations Convention Againts Corruption</em> 2003 (Konvensi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Anti Korupsi 2003) yang menegaskan ratifikasi <em>United Nations Convention Against Corruption</em> <em>(UNCAC)</em> oleh Pemerintah Indonesia sudah didasarkan pada pertimbangan yang matang bahwa isi konvensi tersebut sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi negara yang sedang giat-giatnya melakukan pemberantasan korupsi.
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Aliffitria, Bhilla, and Nuriyeni Kartika Bintarsari. "Pengaruh Implementasi United Nations Convention Against Corruption Terhadap Pemberantasan Korupsi di Australia Tahun 2013-2017." Insignia: Journal of International Relations 6, no. 2 (November 24, 2019): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.ins.2019.6.2.1546.
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Abstrak
Penelitian ini akan mengkaji pengaruh implementasi United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) terhadap pemberantasan korupsi di Australia periode 2013-2017, mengingat Australia merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki perhatian terhadap isu korupsi dan telah meratifikasi UNCAC pada tahun 2005. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh implementasi UNCAC terhadap pemberantasan korupsi di Australia periode 2013-2017. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan metode kepustakaan dan memanfaatkan data sekunder dari berbagai sumber yang diperoleh dari buku, jurnal ilmiah, laporan, situs resmi pemerintah dan media online lainnya. Keseluruhan data akan dianalisis menggunakan teori efektivitas rezim yang terdiri dari indikator output, income, dan impact serta indikitor nilai-niai good governance. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan korupsi di Australia selama tahun 2013-2017 bersifat fluktuatif, beberapa pengimplementasian pasal-pasal UNCAC dan penerapan nilai-nilai good governance dalam upaya pemberantasan korupsi di Australia periode 2013-2017 masih menemui hambatan dan beberapa kritik. Pengimplementasian UNCAC di Australia hanya berpengaruh pada peningkatan jumlah agensi anti-korupsi baik di tingkat negara bagian maupun federal, namun hal tersebut tidak berbanding lurus dengan semakin berkurangnya kasus korupsi yang terjadi di Australia dan meningkatnya skor serta peringkat Indeks Persepsi Korupsi Australia selama tahun 2013-2017.
Kata kunci: Australia, efektivitas rezim, korupsi, UNCAC.
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the influence of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) implementation on eradicating corruption in Australia from 2013 to 2017. Australia is one of the countries that has prioritized on the corruption issue and has ratified the UNCAC in 2005. The purpose of this study is to know how the UNCAC implementation affectedthe corruption eradication efforts in Australia from 2013 to 2017. Data collection techniques with the literature method and utilizing secondary data from various sources obtained from books, scientific journals, reports, official government sites and other online media. Overall data will be analyzed using the regime effectiveness theory that consist of output, income, and impact indicators and also the values of good governance indicators. The results of this study indicate that the development of corruption in Australia during 2013-2017 was fluctuating, some implementations of UNCAC articles and the application of good governance values in efforts to eradicate corruption in Australia in the 2013-2017 period still faced obstacles and some criticism. The implementation of UNCAC in Australia only affected in increasing the number of anti-corruption agencies at the state and federal level, but it was not directly proportional to to the reduction of corruption cases and the increase of Australia Corruption Perception Index score and ranking during 2013-2017.
Keywords: Australia, corruption, regime effectiveness, UNCAC
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Sandage, John. "Keynote Speech: Global Corruption and the Universal Approach of the United Nations Convention against Corruption." Osgoode Hall Law Journal 53, no. 1 (September 2, 2015): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.60082/2817-5069.2971.
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Argandoña, Antonio. "The United Nations Convention Against Corruption and its Impact on International Companies." Journal of Business Ethics 74, no. 4 (July 26, 2007): 481–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9524-z.
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Krastev, Vladislav, Blagovesta Koyundzhiyska-Davidkova, and Nadezhda Petkova. "Contemporary Trends in the Development of the Anti-Corruption Legislation of Republic of Bulgaria." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 25, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2019-0070.
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Abstract In 2000, the global policy against the phenomenon of “corruption“ was launched by the United Nations, and in 2003 the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) was adopted, which Bulgaria ratified three years later. Two months after the adoption of this international convention, Bulgaria became part of the European Union. The accession was accompanied by the creation of “specific accompanying measures” aimed at correcting identified deficiencies in various areas, including measures against corruption. As a result of the annual reports of the European Commission on Bulgaria’s progress on the Co-operation and Verification Mechanism, anti-corruption law-making has begun to develop and improve. Serious progress in this direction is the creation of legislation in the area of “conflict of interest”, which is not exactly corruption but creates prerequisites for its development, especially in the public sphere. The paper presents the result of the analysis of the created anti-corruption legislation after the accession of the Republic of Bulgaria to the EU. Particular attention is paid to the law adopted in 2018 regulating anti-corruption measures, as well as the terms and procedure for the seizure of illegally acquired property for the benefit of the state.
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Dziundziuk, V., and S. Merezhko. "MODEL FOR FORMING OF ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY IN UKRAINE." East European Scientific Journal 5, no. 4(68) (May 14, 2021): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2021.5.68.29.
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Formulation of the problem. Different countries have different anti-corruption strategies. However, just separate strategies to combat such a complex phenomenon as corruption are not enough; a purposeful and long-term public policy is needed, of which the mentioned strategies will be a part. And, in our opinion, such a policy should be based on the United Nations Convention against Corruption [7], which has been created as a strong base and legal framework for the fight against corruption. This Convention is unique as it is grounded on a shared understanding of the dangers and negative consequences of corruption from a wide range of participating states. However, there is a downside: while the Convention provides new
opportunities and guidance for national policy and anticorruption measures, it can also create new issues in this area, for example, the temptation to take too many anti-corruption measures at the same time, which will lead to negative results and undermine the faith of citizens in anti-corruption efforts.
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Yeh, Stuart S. "APUNCAC and the International Anti-Corruption Court (IACC)." Laws 10, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws10010001.
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The draft Anticorruption Protocol to the United Nations Convention against Corruption (APUNCAC) seeks to implement aggressive measures to fight corruption and impunity, including United Nations inspectors who would conduct independent investigations into allegations of corruption and hand cases to dedicated domestic anticorruption courts. APUNCAC is designed to be a free-standing proposal. However, it could be combined with Judge Mark Wolf’s proposal for an International Anti-Corruption Court (IACC). An advantage of combining IACC + APUNCAC is that the combination defuses the key arguments against the IACC. This article reviews evidence suggesting that leaders of nations that currently experience endemic corruption might find it politically expedient to adopt the proposed reforms. The article discusses the advantages of combining IACC + APUNCAC. The combination would establish an independent corps of elite investigators, endow them with strong powers to conduct independent investigations, and enable them to refer cases to dedicated anticorruption courts staffed by judges vetted by the United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice. APUNCAC establishes mechanisms to ensure accountability of judges serving dedicated anticorruption courts. By addressing the key arguments against the IACC, the proposal to combine IACC + APUNCAC may enable broad public support in nations that would require public support in order to secure ratification.
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Syamsuddin, Muhammad Aziz. "Dukungan Legislatif Dalam RUU KUHP Untuk Pemberantasan Korupsi: Pro dan Kontra Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam RUU KUHPDukungan Legislatif Dalam RUU KUHP Untuk Pemberantasan Korupsi: Pro dan Kontra Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam RUU KUHP." Jurnal Hukum 31, no. 2 (June 9, 2016): 1721. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jh.v31i2.658.
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AbstractThe spirit of the eradication of corruption is running continually. Various efforts or strategies were arranged to sharpen the power of corruptions’ eradication. One of the strategies is legislation support or comprehend and effective legislation. It was proved by the enactment of Law No. 28 of 1999 on State Implementation of Clean and Free from Corruption, Collusion and Nepotism and also Law No. 31 of 1999 as amended by Law No. 20 of 2001 on Corruption Eradication. The other related legislation such as Law No. 30 of 2002 on Corruption Eradication Commission and the Law 8 of 2010 on the Prevention and Eradication of Money Laundering. Those Supporting legislations show that there is a shared commitment to eradicate corruption. Indonesia has also ratified the UNCAC (United Nations Convention against Corruption) by Law No. 7 of 2006 on the UN Convention (United Nations) Anti-Corruption. Support legislation is expected to provide a deterrent effect for offenders and protecting the rights of citizens has a whole. Keywords: Legislative Support, Criminal Code Draft, Eradication, Crime of Corruption, Pros and Cons    AbstrakSemangat pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi terus bergulir. Berbagai upaya atau strategi dibangun untuk mempertajam kekuatan pemberantasan korupsi. Salah satunya adalah dengan dukungan legislasi atau peraturan perundang-undangan yang komprehensif dan efektif. Dibuktikan dengan lahirnya Undang-Undang No. 28 Tahun 1999 tentang Penyelenggaraan Negara yang Bersih dan Bebas dari Korupsi, Kolusi, dan Nepotisme dan Undang-Undang No. 31 Tahun 1999 sebagaimana diubah dengan Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Adapun undang-undang terkait lainnya seperti UU No. 30 Tahun 2002 tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi dan UU No. 8 Tahun 2010 tentang Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang. Dukungan legislasi tersebut menunjukkan adanya komitmen bersama untuk memberantas tindak pidana korupsi. Indonesia juga  telah meratifikasi UNCAC (United Nations Convention Against Corruption) dengan UU No. 7 Tahun 2006 tentang Konvensi PBB (Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa) Anti Korupsi. Dukungan legislasi ini diharapkan memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku sekaligus melindungi hak-hak warga negara secara keseluruhan. Kata Kunci: Dukungan Legislatif, RUU KUHP, Pemberantasan, Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Pro dan Kontra
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Kovtun, E. A. "Conference of the States Parties to the United Nations Convention against Corruption: Opportunities for International Cooperation and Results of Activities." Journal of International Analytics 13, no. 1 (March 28, 2022): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-1-83-93.
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The format of international cooperation of the Conference of the Countries Participating in the UN Convention against Corruption, on the one hand, continues the traditions of international intergovernmental organizations, and on the other hand, represents a new format of interaction between states in the fi eld of anti-corruption activities, which has distinctive features. The Conference has a pivotal role in international cooperation on the prevention and combating of corruption due to the wide area of activities and the number of participants. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the features of the functioning of the Conference of the Countries Participating in the UN Convention against Corruption and the results of its activities since 2006. Using the analysis of documents and scientifi c publications, the author concludes that despite the importance of the Conference as a platform for multilateral dialogue, the countries participating in the United Nations Convention against Corruption failed to achieve signifi cant progress in the declared areas of activity. The author highlights the main diffi culties faced by states in implementing anti-corruption measures based on the norms of international law.
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Miantoro, Bayu. "PENGATURAN ILLICIT ENRICHMENT DI INDONESIA." Veritas et Justitia 6, no. 1 (June 28, 2020): 150–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25123/vej.3884.
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The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) provides states with the opportunity, by means of their national criminal law, to criminalize a number of diverse corruptive behaviors, inter alia, illicit enrichment. By using a legal normative approach, the author discusses the chances and obstacles Indonesia face when introducing illicit enrichment as a crime alongside other crimes regulated in the Law on (the eradication of) corruption and law re. Money laundering. Apparently the primary aim to criminalize illicit enrichment through the national criminal law is to provide the state with a legal instrument to recover assets the result of corruption or money laundering. Attention should be given, however, on a number of obstacles coming from the interpretation of presumption of innocence principle and exiting regulation on the obligation for government officials to report their assets.
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Yeh, Stuart S. "The Anticorruption Protocol to the United Nations Convention against Corruption Beneficial Owner Rule." Laws 12, no. 6 (October 24, 2023): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws12060086.
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To fight corruption, money laundering, and organized crime, a proposed APUNCAC Beneficial Owner Rule would require financial service personnel to obtain and submit certification by the true beneficial owner when covered funds are transacted in amounts exceeding USD 3000. The strategy would trap front men into false statements, create a transaction-level record of assertions by front men that can be tested by a prosecutor, eliminate loopholes that allow criminals to escape prosecution in offshore havens, not require proof of a predicate crime or the illicit nature of funds, trigger a chain of witness cooperation, fight organized crime using a domino strategy, and be accomplished via a relatively simple change in domestic laws. Analysis suggests (1) the required technology exists; (2) transaction friction would be minimal; and (3) that the implementation of the Rule is feasible and practical, both operationally and from a legal standpoint, suggesting that the proposed Rule offers a promising strategy to fight organized crime.
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Starostin, Sergey A., and Maksim M. Polyakov. "International legal regulation of combating corruption in public administration of the Russian Federation." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 44 (2022): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/44/7.
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The article analyses the provisions of the main international legal instruments against corruption in relation to the system of public administration of the Russian Federation. The authors emphasise that corruption poses a threat to the entire international community. Corrupt practices destabilise the functioning of state apparatuses of different countries, undermine the national economies and make the stable process of development of social and state institutions impossible. These circumstances have led to the international adoption of a number of legal instruments: the International Code of Conduct for Public Officials (1996), the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption (1999), the Civil Law Convention on Corruption (1999), the United Nations Convention against Corruption (2003) and others. These legal instruments set out the most effective forms and methods of combating corruption, which the participating countries can apply in their national legal systems. However, there are certain controversial and debatable aspects related to the implementation of the provisions of certain international legal acts against corruption. For example, the Russian Federation has not ratified the 1999 Convention on Civil Liability for Corruption or Article 20 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption of 2003. The authors conclude that there is now a need to strengthen the activities of the relevant authorities and officials to achieve better results in the fight against corruption. Anti-corruption measures need to be more actively implemented and applied not only in public authorities, but also in state and non-state enterprises and institutions. At present, work in these areas is being carried out, but not always in a quick, qualitative, consistent and systematic manner. The implementation of anti-corruption forms and methods is simply impossible without international cooperation due to the fact that corruption itself has ceased to be a problem of individual states. With this in mind, it is essential for Russia to strive for the widest possible application of anticorruption international legal instruments within the domestic legal system. In the conclusion of the article, the authors emphasise that the Russian Federation is actively and dynamically participating in the international legal regulation of anticorruption. Cooperation in this area has reached an exceptionally high level, which is recognised by many foreign partners. Ultimately, the application of international legal anticorruption measures in Russia will improve the system for combating corruption in public administration. The provisions of international instruments accumulate solid experience of many countries in this area. This experience can and should be used in our country. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
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Sekarmaji, Aji. "PEMBERANTASAN KEJAHATAN KORUPSI DALAM RANGKA PROSES PENYESUAIAN DENGAN KONVENSI PBB ANTI KORUPSI." Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 39, no. 2 (June 3, 2009): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol39.no2.205.
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AbstrakUnited Nation Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) made impact toprocedural enforcement against corruption in Indonesia. This paper explainabout fact happened in practice with law enforcement against corruptionwhere Indonesian Government has been ratified the covention For real,there are found that the article and section in UNCAC have exist at someIndonesian regulation concerning crimes and procedural law. So, sometimesit's look likes useless if comparing to Uniled Kingdom Government actionCause in United Kingdom international convention or treaty is not part oftheir law.
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Priyanto, Bambang Budi, Faisal Santiago, and Evita Isretno Israhadi. "Juridical Review of the Mechanism of Asset Return in Corruption as an Effort to Recovery of State Losses." Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains 4, no. 08 (July 25, 2023): 669–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.59141/jiss.v4i08.858.
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The criminal act of corruption is one part of a special crime, in addition to having certain specifications that are different from general crimes, namely with deviations from formal criminal law or procedural law. Corruption cases in this country still occur as if dominating crimes in Indonesia. This research is a descriptive analytical research, namely a study that presents phenomena or symptoms and actual circumstances about the mechanism of financial returns and / or state assets resulting from criminal acts of corruption. Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the criminal act of corruption which in Article 18 is explained related to additional crimes as one of the efforts to recover State finances, Law Number 7 of 2006 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption 2003 (United Nations Convention Against Corruption 2003) which explains that the seizure of assets of perpetrators of corruption crimes can be carried out through criminal and civil channels, Another regulation is Law Number 1 of 2006 concerning mutual assistance in criminal matters which is the legal basis for the Indonesian government in requesting and/or providing mutual assistance as well as a guideline for making agreements in criminal matters with Foreign Countries. In this case, the return of assets in corruption crimes can be carried out through several channels/instruments, including through criminal, civil and administrative channels.
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Abdullah, Fathin, Prof Triono Eddy, and Dr Marlina. "PERAMPASAN ASET HASIL TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI TANPA PEMIDANAAN (NON-CONVICTION BASED ASSET FORFEITURE) BERDASARKAN HUKUM INDONESIA DAN UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION (UNCAC)." JURNAL ILMIAH ADVOKASI 9, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36987/jiad.v9i1.2060.
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Asset forfeiture is a solution to the problem asset forfeiture when a person cannot be criminally prosecuted on the grounds of death or cannot follow the criminal prosecution process as referred to in Article 77 and Article 83 of the Criminal Code of Indonesia. NCB Asset Forfeiture wants the seizure of assets resulting from corruption crimes without having to wait for a criminal verdict and is an alternative if a corruptor can’t criminally prosecuted. The regulation of asset seizure resulting from corruption by mechanism without criminalization in Indonesian law is stipulated in Article 32, Article 33, Article 34, and Article 38C of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes while the arrangement of asset forfeiture resulting from corruption crimes by mechanism without criminalization to UNCAC is stipulated in Article 54 chapter (1) letter c UNCAC. The application of NCB Asset Forfeiture in Indonesia in addition to being implemented based on the Law on the Eradication of Corruption Crimes, the State Attorney must be able to prove there has been a real loss of state finances, financial losses of the country due to corruption crimes and there are guarantees from corruptors to facilitate the application of asset seizures resulting from corruption without criminalization. Keywords: Asset Forfeiture, Proceeds of Corruption, Without Criminalization, United Nations Convention Against Corruption.
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Tantimin, Tantimin. "Penyitaan Hasil Korupsi Melalui Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture sebagai Upaya Pengembalian Kerugian Negara." Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v5i1.85-102.
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Tindak pidana korupsi menciptakan kerugian yang begitu besar. Indonesia berada di tengah urgensi dibentuknya mekanisme yang efektif dalam mengembalikan kerugian negara dalam tindak pidana korupsi. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis potensi upaya penyitaan hasil korupsi melalui non-conviction based asset forfeiture sebagai pengembalian kerugian negara. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya urgensi pembaruan mekanisme menanggulangi tindak pidana korupsi yang sudah ada, baik dari segi pidana maupun perdata, melalui mekanisme Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfetiure yang telah diatur dalam United Nation Convention Against Corruption, yang telah diratifikasi Indonesia melalui Undang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 2006 tentang tentang Pengesahan United Nations Convention Against Corruption, 2003. Penelitian ini juga menjelaskan baiknya potensi pengaturan mengenai Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfetiure dalam menanggulangi dampak korupsi di Indonesia, melalui Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Perampasan Aset Tindak Pidana yang hingga saat ini belum disahkan pemerintah.
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KHASSENOVA, Almagul, Anna KUDRYAVTSEVA, Amanbec MASHABAEYV, Zhanna UALIYEVA, and Denis SHAKENOV. "Problems of Implementation of the United Nation Convention Against Corruption in Kazakhstan Legislation." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 9, no. 7 (November 20, 2019): 2316. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v9.7(37).15.
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In the modern period, the objective factor is the awareness of humanity of its unity in solving global problems. One of these problems is the implementation of joint actions by states in the field of combating corruption. There is no doubt that the achievement of this goal should be based on international conventions adopted in accordance with generally accepted principles and norms of international law.
The world community is aware of the danger of corruption and is taking effective steps to consolidate efforts against this global threat. In modern international law, an institution of cooperation in the fight against corruption has been formed. The norms of this institution determine the basic signs of corruption and corruption offenses, determine the range of subjects of corruption, establish the rules for the exercise of jurisdiction, and provide for forms of cooperation and measures of assistance and legal assistance.
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Lailatul Fajriah, Anis, Ni Ketut Sari Adnyani, and Made Sugi Hartono. "PERDAGANGAN PENGARUH (TRADING IN INFLUENCE) DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION (UNCAC)." Jurnal Komunitas Yustisia 4, no. 2 (August 20, 2021): 554–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jatayu.v4i2.38149.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis pengaturan mengenai perdagangan pengaruh ditinjau dari perspektif United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) serta kriminalisasi perdagangan pengaruh sebagai tindak pidana korupsi. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual serta pendekatan kasus. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah melalui studi dokumen. Teknik analisis bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perdagangan pengaruh telah diatur dalam UNCAC namun belum diimplementasikan ke daam hukum nasional walaupun Indonesia telah meratifikasi UNCAC ini sejak tahun 2006. Dalam perkembangannya, kasus mengenai perdagangan pengaruh terus bertambah dengan berbagai modus operandi yang beragam sebagaimana ketiga kasus yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Selama ini, upaya menjerat pelaku menggunakan pasal tentang suap yang mana sesungguhnya hanya terbatas pada pelaku yang merupakan penyelenggara negara atau pegawai negeri sipil saja. Oleh karena itu, dalam hukum pidana Indonesia ke depan, perlu kriminalisasi perdagangan pengaruh sebagai tindak pidana korupsi, dalam hal ini didorong melalui revisi Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi.
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Amani, Nicolous PrayGod. "Informal Amnesties in Asset Recovery Practices in Tanzania: Examining Criminal Justice Challenges." Eastern Africa Law Review 48, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 208–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/ealr.v48i1.6.
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Since the turn of the century, amnesties began to feature in transnational criminal law as a tool to facilitate the recovery of criminal assets. In particular, the provisions of Article 26(3) of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, 2000, and, Article 37(3) of the United Nations Convention against Corruption, 2003 made it possible for States Parties to adopt measures within their legal systems to provide for amnesties to suspects who are ready to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in order to facilitate successfully prosecution of perpetrators of crime and consequently procure the recovery of criminal assets. This paper examines the use of amnesties in Tanzania, particularly, focusing on the 2008 and 2019 amnesties. The paper further investigates the extent to which such amnesties, which are implemented in Tanzania without necessary legislative framework, enhance asset recovery and criminal deterrence. Keywords: amnesty, asset recovery, corruption, criminal deterrence, criminal assets organized crime.
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Abdullah, Fathin, Prof Triono Eddy, and Dr Marlina. "PERAMPASAN ASET HASIL TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI TANPA PEMIDANAAN (NON-CONVICTION BASED ASSET FORFEITURE) BERDASARKAN HUKUM INDONESIA DAN UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION (UNCAC) 2003." JURNAL ILMIAH ADVOKASI 9, no. 1 (August 15, 2021): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36987/jiad.v9i1.2011.
Full textAbstract:
Asset forfeiture is a solution to the problem asset forfeiture when a person cannot be criminally prosecuted on the grounds of death or cannot follow the criminal prosecution process as referred to in Article 77 and Article 83 of the Criminal Code of Indonesia. NCB Asset Forfeiture wants the seizure of assets resulting from corruption crimes without having to wait for a criminal verdict and is an alternative if a corruptor can’t criminally prosecuted. The regulation of asset seizure resulting from corruption by mechanism without criminalization in Indonesian law is stipulated in Article 32, Article 33, Article 34, and Article 38C of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes while the arrangement of asset forfeiture resulting from corruption crimes by mechanism without criminalization to UNCAC is stipulated in Article 54 chapter (1) letter c UNCAC. The application of NCB Asset Forfeiture in Indonesia in addition to being implemented based on the Law on the Eradication of Corruption Crimes, the State Attorney must be able to prove there has been a real loss of state finances, financial losses of the country due to corruption crimes and there are guarantees from corruptors to facilitate the application of asset seizures resulting from corruption without criminalization.Keywords: Asset Forfeiture, Proceeds of Corruption, Without Criminalization, United Nations Convention Against Corruption.
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Eom, Juhee. "Status and tasks of domestic anti-corruption laws responding to international efforts to combat corruption." Korea Anti-Corruption Law Association 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36433/kacla.2022.6.1.115.
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Corruption is not a problem confined to one country, and since its harms transcend national borders, the international community has been working together to solve this problem for decades. The international community's anti-corruption discussion and cooperation began with the enactment of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) in the United States in 1977, through the enactment of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD) Anti-Bribery Convention in 1999, and the conclusion of the UN Anti-Corruption Convention in 2003. The G20 Summit, a global economic consultative body that emerged in the wake of the 2008 global economic crisis, recognized corruption as the main cause of the global financial crisis, and the 2010 G20 Seoul Declaration emphasized cooperation on corruption at the international level. The <Anti-Corruption Action Plan> was adopted in the form of an annex. This action plan includes contents to urge member countries to join and ratify major international conventions against corruption, such as the United Nations Anti-Corruption Convention and the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention, as well as a cooperative system to prevent corrupt public officials from using the financial system and to prevent corrupt public officials from entering and providing shelter. Measures that require close cooperation between countries, such as Goryeo and support for the recovery of hidden assets overseas, were included. In addition, each member country agreed to report the situation every year so that the <Anti-Corruption Action Plan> could lead to effective policies. In order to lead and actively participate in these changes in the international situation, it is judged that Korea, a member of the G20, needs basic research for active implementation and policy and institutional reorganization based on this.
This paper examined the contents of international activities centered on the UN Anti-Corruption Convention to respond to corruption, the foundation of the domestic legal system and the current status of domestic legal implementation of international agreements. In addition, institutional and policy directions to be improved for future anti-corruption activities were presented.
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Wahid, Abdul. "Pemberlakuan Hukum Ekstradisi Bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Korupsi." JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW 6, no. 1 (February 25, 2023): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/julr.v6i1.5130.
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<p>Permasalahan korupsi sudah bukan merupakan permasalahan suatu bangsa saja, tetapi sudah menjadi permasalahan internasional, korupsi merupakan <em>Transnational Crime</em> sejak tanggal 1 Oktober 2003 dimana 107 negara peserta Konferensi <em>Ad Hoc Committee for the Negotiationof the United Nations Conventions against Corruption</em>, termasuk Indonesia telah menyetujui mengadopsi <em>Convention Against Corruption</em> yang diselenggarakan di Wina. Ekstradisi harus ada perjanjian ekstradisi, selama ini pelaku korupsi yang berhasil dikembalikan ke Indonesia tetapi assetnya tidak dapat dikembalikan karena ekstradisi hanya mengatur mengenai pelaku tindak pidana atau orangnya, pengembalian aset korupsi dilakukan apabila ada perjanjian bantuan timbal balik, sesuai <em>United Nations Convention Against Corruption</em>, 2003 yang telah diratifikasi dengan UU No. 7 Tahun 2006 apabila tidak ada perjanjian ekstradisi antar negara akan menyulitkan suatu negara dalam mengadili pelaku kejahatan yang tinggal di negara lain, karena tiap negara mempunyai aturan tersendiri mengenai ekstradisi, dan Kendala pelaksanaan ekstradisi diantaranya, adanya negara memberikan perlindungan terhadap harta benda pelaku, keterbatasan wewenang sesuai dengan batas negara dan yuridiksi peradilan, perbedaan sistem hukum antarnegara, perjanjian antarnegara. Disaranakan Sebaiknya pemerintah lebih meningkatkan perjanjian ekstradisi ke berbagai negara agar para pelaku dan asetnya dapat dikembalikan di Indonesia untuk menjaga stabilitas perekonomian negara dan Pemerintah Indonesia harus aktif untuk menelusuri harta para koruptor di luar negeri dan melakukan kerjasama dengan negara lain untuk membekukan asset hasil, supaya dapat dikembalikan ke tanah air.</p>
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Prasetyo, Muhammad Bagus, Nabil Ikhbar Hamid, Muhammad Farhan Asshidieqi, and Siti Sholikhatul Fadillah. "Analisis United Nation Convention Against Corruption 2003: Perspektif Asas Manfaat Asset Recovery Di Negara Indonesia." JURNAL ANTI KORUPSI 13, no. 2 (December 12, 2023): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jak.v13i2.38827.
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Pemberantasan akan terjadinya kasus korupsi bukan hanya menjadi persoalan bagi suatu negara saja melainkan juga menjadi persoalan bagi kalangan masyarakat internasional. Kasus korupsi sebagaimana sudah diatur dalam konvensi internasional MU PBB yaitu "UN Convention Against Corruption 2003" semenjak tanggal 31 Oktober 2003, yang kemudian dilakukan ratifikasi oleh Indonesia melalui Undang - Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2006 tentang Pengesahan United Nations Convention against Corruption 2003. Pemberantasan kasus korupsi tidak hanya cukup dilakukan dengan memberikan sanksi pidana kurungan badan, akan tetapi harus juga disertai dengan pemotongan pada hasil korupsi. Kasus korupsi menjadi perhatian bagi masyarakat internasional dapat menjadi tanda bahwa korupsi memiliki suatu dimensi global tersendiri yang dapat mengancam pada berbagai macam sendi utamanya pada sendi perekonomian dan kegiatan perdagangan internasional ataupun nasional. Korupsi hingga saat ini menjadi sumber kejahatan asal (predicate crime) yang bertujuan untuk membiayai kejahatan lainnya seperti money laundering. Penyelesaian kasus korupsi saat ini hanya didasarkan pada regulasi nasional saja, yang dimana pengaturan dalam regulasi nasional kerap kali mendapatkan hambatan. Tujuan penulisan ini yaitu untuk melakukan pengkajian pada asas manfaat asset recovery yang sebagaimana tercantum dalam The United Nations Convention Against Corruption di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk mengkaji yaitu penelitian hukum yuridis-normatif serta pengumpulan data metode sekunder. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa kasus korupsi mampu memberikan dampak yang sangat buruk bagi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara karena telah terjadi keburukan, ketidakjujuran, dan melukai rasa keadilan pada masyarakat. Penyimpangan anggaran yang terjadi akibat korupsi telah menurunkan kualitas pelayanan negara kepada masyarakat. Asset Recovery / pemulihan asset muncul sebagai model baru dalam menangani permasalahan tindak kejahatan korupsi dengan tujuan untuk mengembalikan aset - aset negara yang dikorupsi seta melaksanakan pemulihan ekonomi. Asset recovery cocok untuk diterapkan ke dalam suatu sistem hukum dan menjadi suatu hukuman pokok, dengan diterapkannya maka dapat membawa angin segar guna menanggulangi dan menurunkan angka kejahatan korupsi.
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Nam, Bui Shi, and Yury V. Truntsevsky. "International Aspects of Corruption Combating and Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals." Public International and Private International Law 1 (February 29, 2024): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3910-2024-1-31-35.
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The U.N. sustainable development goals are basic areas for the development of each state and the global community in general, the problem of their achievement is relevant for the international agenda and in view of the tasks of development of the Russian Federation and corruption combating on the national and regional levels. Performance of provisions of the 10th session of the Conference of the States Parties to the United Nations Convention against Corruption of 2023 should be referred to the efforts of the states in the achievement of these goals.
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Widyastuty, Sylvana Agnetha Wulan, Rina Shahriyani Shahrullah, and Elza Syarief. "Pengembalian Aset Tindak Pidana Korupsi Berdasarkan United Nation Convention Against Corruption Di Kawasan ASEAN." Legal Spirit 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.31328/ls.v6i2.3849.
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The purpose of this study is to determine a model of international cooperation so that the assets recovery cross-border resulting from corruption in ASEAN can be more effective. Therefore, the questions in this study are: (1) how is the implementation of assets recovery cross-border as a result of corruption based on UNCAC in ASEAN including the obstacles faced and the success of assets recovery cross-border? (2) What is the solution for assets recovery cross-border resulting from corruption? This study using normative legal research methods with written studies using secondary data such as laws and regulations, legal theory, legal principles and scientific works of scholars (doctrine). The results of the study (1) The implementation of assets recovery cross-border resulting from Indonesian corruption in ASEAN was only successful for the first time in 2019 with a return of SGD 200,000 by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) in collaboration with the Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB) Singapore. Obstacles in the implementation of assets recovery cross-border resulting from corruption: a. Structured abuse of power, b. the principle of sovereignty, c. national interest of a country and d. the Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters (MLA ASEAN) as an international agreement is not sufficiently binding (soft law) and requires further processes such as ratification and adjustment to national criminal law. (2) Even though there is a legal umbrella for eradicating corruption related to the assets recovery cross-border resulting from corruption in the form of UNCAC and MLA ASEAN, in order to maximize the implementation of assets recovery cross-border in ASEAN, a special (bilateral) implementing agreement for assets recovery cross-border is needed in order to have more binding power. The implementation agreement is not enough, then it is also necessary to adjust and align the tools of Indonesian national law related to the asset recovery cross-border from corruption and the provision of appropriate authority for law enforcement.
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Pavlidis, Georgios. "The Troubling Shortcomings of International Asset Freezes: The Hunt for Gaddafi's Lost Billions." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 29, no. 4 (November 2021): 644–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2021.0387.
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Although international asset recovery is one of the key anti-corruption commitments under the United Nations Convention against Corruption and the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption, a huge gap remains between commitments and implementation. The shortcomings of international asset freezes in the case of Libya, with billions of dollars unaccounted for, confirm this statement. In this article, I identify the major obstacles for recovering stolen assets in the case of Libya and I argue that the international community needs to enhance asset recovery and mutual legal assistance, as well as to explore bold ideas, such as the reversal of the burden of proof as to the illicit origin of the assets.
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Pavlidis, Georgios. "The Troubling Shortcomings of International Asset Freezes: The Hunt for Gaddafi's Lost Billions." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 29, no. 4 (November 2021): 644–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2021.0387.
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Although international asset recovery is one of the key anti-corruption commitments under the United Nations Convention against Corruption and the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption, a huge gap remains between commitments and implementation. The shortcomings of international asset freezes in the case of Libya, with billions of dollars unaccounted for, confirm this statement. In this article, I identify the major obstacles for recovering stolen assets in the case of Libya and I argue that the international community needs to enhance asset recovery and mutual legal assistance, as well as to explore bold ideas, such as the reversal of the burden of proof as to the illicit origin of the assets.
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Bulovsky, Andrew. "Promoting Predictability in Business: Solutions for Overlapping Liability in International Anti-Corruption Enforcement." Michigan Journal of International Law, no. 40.3 (2019): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.36642/mjil.40.3.promoting.
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This Note evaluates solutions to the problems of overlapping liability in general and multi-jurisdictional disgorgement in particular. Part I traces the origins of international anti-corruption efforts and provides an overview of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”). It then discusses the two most significant international anti-corruption conventions: the OECD’s Convention on Combatting Bribery of Foreign Officials in International Business Transactions (the “OECD Convention”) and the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (“UNCAC”). Part II lays out the problems created by the lack of a formal mechanism to prevent overlapping liability— a phenomenon that violates the common law concept known as double jeopardy and the analogous civil law principle ne bis in idem (not twice in the same thing). Part III proposes a formal mechanism to militate against the problems noted in Part II and argues that these provisions should be housed in a series of bilateral agreements akin to those that exist in international antitrust enforcement. Ultimately, this Note stresses the need for a more proportional and predictable method of ensuring that MNCs are not subject to overlapping liability and provides an actionable means for doing so.
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Pribadi, Insan. "IMPLEMENTATION OF NON CONVICTION BASED ASSETS AGAINST MONEY LAUNDERING AND MONEY CHANGING CRIMES IN INDONESIA." JIL : Journal of Indonesian Law 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 162–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/jil.v2i2.162-177.
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Money Laundry is an extraordinary crime with the act of hiding or disguising the money or assets obtained from the proceeds of a crime. Money Laundry is closely related to other criminals, including corruption as a predicate crime. Due to the development of criminal acts, a new breakthrough emerge which was echoed in The United Nations Convention Against Corruption in 2003 named Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture, which is a legal mechanism that allows the owned assets that have been taken by criminals and is possible to be confiscated again.
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Singh, Danny. "Anticorruption, Cultural Norms, and Implications for the APUNCAC." Laws 10, no. 2 (April 8, 2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws10020023.
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Corruption is a phenomenon that has received global attention from academics, policy makers and international donors. Corruption may be defined as the abuse of power for private gain. Activities include bribery, extortion, rent-seeking behaviour, cronyism, patronage, nepotism, embezzlement, graft and engagement with criminal enterprises. However, patronage, nepotism and gift giving are frequently viewed in many Asian and African cultures as acceptable practices that promote efficiency and smooth relationships. This article examines these practices in contexts including Afghanistan, Papua New Guinea, Russia, China and South Asia, discusses various rationales for these practices, and seeks to understand how these practices can be reconciled with international efforts to combat corruption. This article focuses on the implications with regard to the Anticorruption Protocol to the United Nations Convention against Corruption (APUNCAC) and the proposal to establish a body of United Nations (UN) inspectors to investigate charges of corruption and refer cases to dedicated domestic anticorruption courts. This article suggests that UN inspectors and international norms against corruption are not incompatible with traditional cultural practices. This article draws upon the experiences of Hong Kong and Singapore, where corruption was endemic, to demonstrate that local cultural norms can be rapidly changed when independent inspectors are established and receive support from institutions that are free from manipulation by domestic authorities.
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Chowdhury, Ashfaquzzaman. "Cecily Rose, Michael Kubiciel and Oliver Landwehr: The United Nations Convention Against Corruption—A Commentary." Liverpool Law Review 41, no. 3 (September 9, 2020): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10991-020-09258-9.
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Antonova, Liudmyla, Svitlana Lizakowska, Vahif Abdullayev, and Piotr Lisowski. "INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGAINST CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC AUTHORITIES." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 46, no. 3 (November 12, 2021): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/4617.
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The article analyzes, summarizes and considers the current state of international cooperation in the fight against corruption in public authorities and identifies the benefits of participation in international anti-corruption cooperation for modern Ukraine. The variability of the existence of definitions of the concept of "corruption" has been substantiated. Defined and characterized by the transnational nature of the modern phenomenon of corruption. The reasons for the increase in the number of corruption offenses and offenses related to corruption are clarified and measures are given to improve this situation. The main directions and levels of international cooperation in the fight against corruption have been determined. The basics of international cooperation of Ukraine in the field of combating and combating corruption in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On the Prevention of Corruption" are considered. The article analyzes the regulatory and legal groundwork of the subjects of international anti-corruption activities, in particular the United Nations Convention against Corruption. The activities of influential subjects of international anti-corruption policy (GRECO, Transparency International, etc.) have been identified and characterized. The leading role of civil society institutions in the implementation of international anti-corruption policy has been clarified. Practical recommendations are proposed for improving the quality of anti-corruption measures to prevent and combat corruption for modern Ukraine in the framework of international cooperation in the fight against corruption in public authorities.
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Arrsa, Ria Casmi. "REKONSTRUKSI POLITIK HUKUM PEMBERANTASAN KORUPSI MELALUI STRATEGI PENGUATAN PENYIDIK DAN PENUNTUT UMUM INDEPENDEN KPK." Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2014): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v3i3.32.
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<p>Indeks Persepi Korupsi (IPK) Indonesia pada tahun 2013 menggambarkan posisi Indonesia berada pada skala eskalasi poin yang belum bergeser secara signifikan. Kondisi tersebut mengharuskan adanya komitmen dari Pemerintah dan segenap komponen masyarakat untuk secara berkelanjutan melakukan upaya-upaya yang masif dan sistematis dalam menjalankan agenda pemberantasan korupsi di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif tulisan ini akan membedah apa yang menjadi dasar urgensi rekonstruksi politik hukum pemberantasan korupsi, serta bagaimanakah model rekonstruksi politik hukum dalam pemberantasan korupsi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salah satu upaya masif dan sistematis dimaksud dapat dilakukan melalui gagasan rekonstruksi politik hukum pemberantasan korupsi melalui strategi penguatan penyidik dan penuntut umum independen Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi. Gagasan ini dimaksudkan sebagai sarana untuk mendorong arah politik kebijakan dan regulasi agar menopang kinerja KPK secara optimal dalam bidang pencegahan dan/atau penindakan korupsi dalam skala pusat sampai daerah. Rekonstruksi politik hukum diarahkan pada argumentasi baik dalam ranah substansi hukum, struktur hukum, kultur hukum, dan sarana- prasarana melalui penguatan sumber daya manusia baik dari sisi kualitas, kuantitas maupun anggaran. Oleh karenanya dukungan sektor politik diperlukan agar strategi pemberantasan korupsi inheren dengan gagasan yang termaktub di dalam Konvensi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Menentang Korupsi (United Nations Convention Against Corruption , UNCAC)</p><p>Indonesia’s corruption perception index (CPI) in 2013 illustrates Indonesia position in escalation stage point has not improved significantly. These conditions requires commitments from the Government and all society components to make massive and systematic efforts continuously in carrying out eradication of corruption agenda in Indonesia. Using juridis normative method this article will discuss urgents points of reconstruction of corruption eradication legal policy, also how the model of reconstruction of corruption eradication legal policy its self. This research results shows that one massive and systematic efforts can be done through reconstruction idea of ecorruption eradication legal political strategy through strengthening independent investigator and prosecutor of the Corruption Eradication Commission. This idea intends to encourage political direction of policy and regulation in order to support optimal performance of the Commission in the field of prevention and/or execution of corruption both in central and region scale. Political legal reconstruction directs to the substance of the argument in legal substance, legal structure, legal culture, and infrastructure through the empowerment of human resources from quality, quantity and budget aspects. Therefore political sector strategy supports needed in order to eradicate corruption inherent with the idea that inline within United Nations Convention against Corruption, UNCAC (United Nations Convention Against Corruption).</p>
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Barati, AmirNezam, Ali Babayee Mehr, and Mohsen Sharifi. "The Role of Specialized Civil Society in Challenge Corruption with Glance to I.R.I." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 7, no. 3 (August 28, 2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v7i3.11762.
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Combating against corruption is one of the most important factors for establishing Good Governance. Corruption is a social, political and economic phenomenon that defect the democratic institutions and stop establishing good governance. This study using analytical – descriptive, analyses the role of civil society in combat corruption with glance to I.R.IFindings of this study show that the role of special civil societies has remarkable efficiency and effectiveness in combat corruption. In challenging corruption different actor such as government, private sector and specialized civil society have function, but the role of civil societies is more effective than others.In relating to the I.R.I actions against corruption, the country enacted different laws such as the law of access to information, the Law of United Nations Convention against Corruption and this process will send a clear message that the country is determined to prevent and control corruption. In pathology of corruption in I.R of Iran the concentration on fighting against corruption, is concentrated on "The Staff of Combat against Economic Corruption" and civil society don’t have effective or remarkable role to fight against this abnormality and this Staff is most important centers to harmonize the actions against corruption. Finally, the most important causes of corruption in every developing Nations in Transit such as Iran are big government and interference of Government in economy, the weakly embedded rule of law, the ineffective and inefficient of government policy, lack of accountability and institutional transparency.
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Borlini, Leonardo. "THE ACHIEVEMENTS AND LIMITS OF ITALIAN ANTI-CORRUPTION LEGISLATION IN LIGHT OF THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK." Italian Yearbook of International Law Online 25, no. 1 (October 18, 2016): 275–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116133-90000116a.
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The past twenty years have seen unprecedented international initiatives aimed at combatting corrupt practices. Over the same period, Italy has ratified and implemented within its legal system five international anti-corruption treaties and amended its domestic legislation on different occasions. However, despite considerable efforts, corruption remains a serious challenge in the country. With particular reference to the aforementioned conventions, this article explores the main international rules on criminalisation and prevention of corruption in order to assess achievements and limits of the Italian legislation in light of such provisions. The article is thus divided into two main sections. The first considers the development of the regional and other anti-corruption initiatives which culminated in the United Nations Convention against Corruption; the second examines the main achievements and shortcomings of the Italian anti-corruption legislation in light of the outcomes of the monitoring procedures set by the international instruments ratified by Italy.