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Journal articles on the topic 'United States. Agricultural subsidies Agriculture and state'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Minat, V. N. "GOVERNMENT FUNDING FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE UNITED STATES." Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics 3, no. 197 (2021): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/1993-0453-2021-3-197-9-16.

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The innovation-oriented effective development of US agriculture is determined by the quantity and quality of the implemented results of agricultural research, funded by the main funds holder – the state. The purpose of the study is to identify trends in government funding of agricultural science in the United States. The rationale for these trends is considered in the unity of the dynamics and structure of state financing of agricultural research in 1889–2019 and the system characteristics of this process as an economic phenomenon. Using the techniques of statistical-economic and abstract- log

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2

Goldstein, Judith. "The impact of ideas on trade policy: the origins of U.S. agricultural and manufacturing policies." International Organization 43, no. 1 (1989): 31–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300004550.

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Since the close of World War II, the United States has supported contradictory trade policies. In manufacturing, the United States has fostered a liberal trade regime, spurning government involvement in market transactions. In agriculture, it has sanctioned policies of import restrictions, export subsidies, and import fees. This variation is rooted in decisions that were made in the 1930s and institutionalized in the 1940s. In the wake of the Great Depression, policymakers concluded that state intervention helped agriculture and hurt industry. This article argues that the choice of government

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Bachynskyi, R. "International experience in stimulation of green initiatives in agriculture and directions of its implementation in the national practice." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 1(162) (April 22, 2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2021-162-1-41-49.

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International experience of stimulation of green initiatives in agriculture is summarized in this article, directions of its implementation in national practice are determined. The article proves that insufficient development of green initiatives in agriculture is a result of effect of limiting barriers having economic and economic nature, and low level of development of incentive tools to stimulate agricultural producers. The arguments are given to understand the importance of foreign practice of incentives for agrarian producers to introduce green initiatives in agricultural industry, and to

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Kadomtseva, Marina Evgenievna, and Vasiliy Voldemarovich Neufeld. "Assessment of the dependence of the amount of applied mineral and organic fertilizers on the implementation of land user agricultural insurance programs." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 3 (March 16, 2020): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2020i3pp16-22.

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Agricultural risk insurance, carried out on the basis of state support, is one of the mechanisms for creating the prerequisites for the financial stability of economic entities. However, there are also negative effects caused by this system: irrational changes in land use strategies in the direction of excessive use of mineral fertilizers, monocultures growing, etc. As an example, the experience of the United States is shown, where the growth of crop insurance subsidies leads to the adoption of production decisions that harm the environment. The article provides an analysis and comparison of t

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Muzychka, J., and O. Dadak. "Foreign experience of agricultural insurance and prospects of its adaptation in Ukraine." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 95 (2020): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e9504.

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In the articles of the considered process of agrarian insurance in foreign countries. The essence of the concept of “agricultural insurance” and “agricultural insurance risk" is revealed. The history of development of agricultural insurance in the international market of insurance services is studied. There are several well-known national agricultural insurance systems and their characteristics. The national systems and participants of agrarian insurance in the countries of the world, namely: the United States of America, Canada, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Austria, France, Germany, Latvia and Pol

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Lavrov, V., Nadezhda Yurchenko, S. Batrakova, and Anastasiya Fetisova. "To question of food quality in the system of the Russian AIC." Agrarian Bulletin of the, no. 13 (January 29, 2021): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2021-13-54-60.

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Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the tools necessary to improve the quality of natural and organic agricultural products, as well as to increase the volume of their receipts and sales in the Russian agro-industrial complex and retail chains. In the context of the current crisis and sanctions from the United States and a number of countries of the European Union the problem of food security in our country is of particular importance. One of the main tasks of agriculture is not only solving the problem of import substitution by increasing the production of essential products, bu

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Нerasymenko, Y. S., V. O. Velieva, and R. M. Ostapenko. "Strategic Directions of Forming a State Mechanism to Stimulate the Development of Environmentally Sensitive Agribusiness." PROBLEMS OF ECONOMY 4, no. 46 (2020): 364–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2020-4-364-375.

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The purpose of the article is to develop conceptual foundations for the formation of a state mechanism to stimulate the development of environmentally sensitive agribusiness in Ukraine. It is emphasized that organic production in other countries receives significant state support. In addition, farmers view growing organic products as a factor that reduces risks and stabilizes prices for end products. Still, every country has its own specific features of providing state support. In some regions of France, subsidies can be obtained to cover the costs for certification and inspection, whose volum

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8

Dyker, David. "Will Russia Ever Join the WTO?" Hague Journal of Diplomacy 4, no. 1 (2009): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187119109x394331.

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AbstractWhy would Russia, a major power, be thwarted for fourteen years in its attempt to join the World Trade Organization (WTO)? Through a detailed examination of Russia's WTO accession negotiations, the diplomatic processes of the WTO's accession procedures are uncovered, showing that this diplomacy is best understood as a complex process where state-level factors and international regime-level factors, such as the rules and conditions of accession, interact. In the Russian case, the dialogue's length partly reflects technical difficulties in specific elements of the negotiations and partly

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9

Luckstead, Jeff, Stephen Devadoss, and Abelardo Rodriguez. "The Effects of North American Free Trade Agreement and United States Farm Policies on Illegal Immigration and Agricultural Trade." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 44, no. 1 (2012): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800000134.

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We analyze the effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and United States farm subsidies on U.S.-Mexican illegal immigration and agricultural trade. The theoretical analysis develops an integrated trade-migration model and shows that NAFTA and U.S. subsidies exacerbate the illegal labor flow and increase U.S. exports. The theoretical analysis is empirically implemented by simultaneous estimation and simulation analysis. The analysis shows that NAFTA increased the number of undocumented workers to U.S. agriculture and U.S. farm exports to Mexico by an average of 1573 and $6.82

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10

Bajzík, Peter, and Peter Nováček. "GRANTING STATE AID IN THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR." Sociálno-ekonomická revue 19, no. 1 (2021): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52665/ser20210101.

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The economic aid granted in the agricultural environment is the subsystem of State Aid, that represents the economic instrument for the strengthening of competitiveness of agriculture and for creating new jobs in the agricultural sector. State Aid promoting the economic development of the agricultural and forestry sectors and of rural areas is embedded in the broader Common Agricultural Policy. State Aid or subsidies is a legal term for money given from the state budget in direct or indirect form. However, despite a general prohibition of granting State Aid by national authorities in EU member

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11

Cardwell, Michael, and Christopher Rodgers. "Reforming the WTO Legal Order for Agricultural Trade: Issues for European Rural Policy in the Doha Round." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 55, no. 4 (2006): 805–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/lei131.

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AbstractEuropean farm policy has undergone radical change in recent years, culminating in the Agenda 2000 reforms to the Common Agricultural Policy agreed in 1999 and then their Mid-Term Review in 2003. In particular, subsidy payments have been substantially ‘decoupled’ from production and switched decisively towards providing income support for farmers under a new ‘single farm payment’ scheme. These reforms have been predicated upon the need to win acceptance for Community farm subsidies in the Doha Round of WTO negotiations. This article examines the new law of the Common Agricultural Policy

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12

Pletcher, James R. "The Political Uses of Agricultural Markets in Zambia." Journal of Modern African Studies 24, no. 4 (1986): 603–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00007229.

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IT is widely acknowledged that the origins of Africa's hunger crisis lie only partly in weather patterns. A growing number of studies have emphasised the rôle which the state plays in creating a policy environment which either undermines or promotes commercial agriculture.1 Much of the fault for the latter's poor performance in many areas of the continent is assigned to short-sighted government policies of excessive intervention in agricultural markets. The cardinal sins are considered to be price controls, food subsidies, and state-run marketing boards. As the external debt of African states

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13

Bradford, Kent J., and Marc A. Cohn. "Seed biology and technology: At the crossroads and beyond. Introduction to the Symposium on Seed Biology and Technology: Applications and Advances and a prospectus for the future." Seed Science Research 8, no. 2 (1998): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500004062.

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The papers in this special section ofSeed Science Researchare products of a symposium on Seed Biology and Technology: Applications and Advances, held in Fort Collins, Colorado, on 13–16 August, 1997. The symposium was convened as a cooperative effort of Regional Research Project W-168 within the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cooperative States Research, Extension and Education Service (CSREES) system. Regional Research Projects are authorized by the Hatch Act, which established the Agricultural Experiment Station (AES) system in the United States (US Code). This is a system in

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Cowen, P. L. "(A102) Training Agricultural Emergency Responders." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (2011): s28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x1100104x.

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Training Agricultural Emergency Responders by Paula L. Cowen, D.V.M., Director, Professional Development Staff, Veterinary Services, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of AgricultureBackground Emergency Response is a critical component of our Animal Agriculture infrastructure. The ability to deploy trained personnel to handle any kind of emergency is key to quickly containing any disaster and mitigating the effects. This training is provided by a number of federal agencies, universities as well as at the state and local level. Body Several training strategies are

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Cowen, P. L. "(A330) Training Agricultural Emergency Responders." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (2011): s92—s93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11003141.

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Training Agricultural Emergency Responders by Paula L. Cowen, D.V.M., Director, Professional Development Staff, Veterinary Services, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of AgricultureBackground Emergency Response is a critical component of our Animal Agriculture infrastructure. The ability to deploy trained personnel to handle any kind of emergency is key to quickly containing any disaster and mitigating the effects. This training is provided by a number of federal agencies, universities as well as at the state and local level.BodySeveral training strategies are em

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16

Lipińska, Izabela. "Managing the Risk in Agriculture Production: The Role of Government." European Countryside 8, no. 2 (2016): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/euco-2016-0007.

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Abstract The aim of the article was to define the essence and the role of state in managing the risk in agricultural production. Nowadays risk management is one of the core priorities of reformed CAP. Wherefore it was necessary to highlight the variety of tools and essay the reason why the farmers do not implement them. The main method applied in the work was a descriptive method and a dogmatic analysis of normative acts. Reference books and international analyses and reports were also used. The weather conditions, as well as climate change have fair impact on agricultural production, its qual

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Gottlieb, Paul D., Jennifer R. Weinert, Elizabeth Dobis, and Karyn Malinowski. "The Evolution of Racehorse Clusters in the United States: Geographic Analysis and Implications for Sustainable Agricultural Development." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (2020): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020494.

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Sustainability is frequently defined as the need to place equal emphasis on three societal goals: economic prosperity, environment, and social equity. This “triple bottom line” (TBL) framework is embraced by practitioners in both corporate and government settings. Within agriculture, the horse-racing industry and its breeding component are an interesting case study for the TBL approach to local development. The sector is to some extent a “knowledge industry”, agglomerating in relatively few regions worldwide. In the USA, choices made by breeders or owners are likely affected by sudden changes

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18

Friedrich*, Heather, Curt R. Rom, Jennie Popp, Barbara Bellows, and Donn Johnson. "University of Arkansas Agriculture Professionals' Perceptions toward Sustainable Agriculture." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 831C—831. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.831c.

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Interest IN and conversion to sustainable agriculture practices, such as organic agriculture, integrated pest management or increasing biodiversity, has been increasing for a number of years among farmers and ranchers across the United States In order to meet the needs of producers, university researchers and educators must adapt their program areas to reflect this change toward sustainable agriculture practices. Although consumers, producers, and extension workers have been surveyed regarding their attitudes and interests in sustainable agricultural practices, few surveys have examined sustai

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Cheng, Fu, Qingxi Chen, Mengmeng Gu, and Donghui Peng. "Current Status of Agricultural Extension in China." HortTechnology 26, no. 6 (2016): 846–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03220-16.

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Information on the history, legislative background, and current five levels (national, provincial, county, municipal, and township level) of the agricultural extension system in China are presented herein. In addition to the five levels, there are also six administrative agencies involved: Ministry of Agriculture, State Forestry Administration, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, National Agriculture Leadership Working Group, and National Development and Reform Commission. An example (Zhongfang Township, City of Luoyuan, Fuzhou County, Fujian Province) is given to illust

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20

Craig, Morrie, G. Rottinghaus, K. Walker, and E. Ishikuro. "Comparison of ergovaline determinations between laboratories in the United States and Japan." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3144.

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Quality assurance and quality control is the foundation of any diagnostic test. The two laboratories in the United States that use HPLC to quantitate endophyte toxins in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) are Oregon State University (OSU) and University of Missouri (MU). Japan, the major importer of grass straw has six new laboratories that will test agricultural imports for endophyte toxins. A quality assurance program was set up between the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture and the State of Oregon. The latter includes both OSU and the MU. All units are u

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Veil, Shari R. "Adoption Barriers in a High-Risk Agricultural Environment." International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 6, no. 1 (2010): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.2010010105.

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To lessen the threat of an intentional or naturally occurring livestock disease, the Animal Plant Health Inspection Service of the United States Department of Agriculture introduced the National Animal Identification System (NAIS) encouraging the use of innovative tools such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to track cattle across the country. This study examines the barriers to adoption of NAIS and RFID technology as risk-reduction tools. Diffusion of innovation literature is used to analyze a case study of a state livestock association advocating the rejection of NAIS and RFID te

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Veil, Shari R. "Adoption Barriers in a High-Risk Agricultural Environment." International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 6, no. 2 (2010): 30–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jthi.2010040103.

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To lessen the threat of an intentional or naturally occurring livestock disease, the Animal Plant Health Inspection Service of the United States Department of Agriculture introduced the National Animal Identification System (NAIS), encouraging the use of innovative tools such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to track cattle across the country. In this study, the author examines the barriers to adoption of NAIS and RFID technology as risk-reduction tools. Diffusion of innovation literature is used to analyze a case study of a state livestock association advocating the rejection of

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23

Werner, Samantha, Scott R. Lemos, Amanda McLeod, et al. "Prospects for New England Agriculture: Farm to Fork." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 48, no. 3 (2019): 473–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/age.2019.33.

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AbstractThis paper summarizes a multi-state, multi-year study assessing the potential for local agriculture in northern New England. While largely rural, this region's agricultural sector differs greatly from the rest of the United States, and demand for locally produced food has been increasing. To assess this unique economic landscape, researchers and Cooperative Extension at the Universities of Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont investigated four key areas: (1) local food capacities, (2) constraints to agricultural expansion, (3) consumer preferences for local and organic produce, and (4) th

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Ortiz-Bobea, Ariel, Erwin Knippenberg, and Robert G. Chambers. "Growing climatic sensitivity of U.S. agriculture linked to technological change and regional specialization." Science Advances 4, no. 12 (2018): eaat4343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat4343.

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A pressing question for climate change adaptation is whether ongoing transformations of the agricultural sector affect its ability to cope with climatic variations. We examine this question in the United States, where major increases in productivity have fueled most of agricultural production growth over the past half-century. To quantify the evolving climate sensitivity of the sector and identify its sources, we combine state-level measures of agricultural productivity with detailed climate data for 1960–2004. We find that agriculture is growing more sensitive to climate in Midwestern states

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Lauren Chambliss, E., and Bruce Lewenstein. "Establishing a climate change information source addressing local aspects of a global issue. A case study in New York State." Journal of Science Communication 11, no. 03 (2012): C06. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.11030306.

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This case study describes the development of a climate change information system for New York State, one of the physically largest states in the United States. Agriculture (including dairy production and vineyards) and water-related tourism are large parts of the state economy, and both are expected to be affected dramatically by climate change. The highly politicized nature of the climate change debate in America makes the delivery of science-based information even more urgent and challenging. The United States does not have top-down science communication policies, as many countries do; this

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Gillman, Howard. "Disaster Relief, “Do Anything” Spending Powers, and the New Deal." Law and History Review 23, no. 2 (2005): 443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248000000341.

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Less than two years after Justice Harlan Fiske Stone reportedly advised Franklin Roosevelt's secretary of labor that “You can do anything under the taxing power,” the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in U.S. v. Butler that Congress had no authority to create a system whereby farmers would receive subsidies for limiting production, with the funds coming from a tax on basic commodities. While Stone, along with Brandeis and Cardozo, voted to uphold this feature of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, a majority led by Justice Owen J. Roberts declared that this particular scheme of taxing and spending interfe

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27

LAMBERT, KERI. "‘IT'S ALL WORK AND HAPPINESS ON THE FARMS’: AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN THE BLOCS IN NKRUMAH'S GHANA." Journal of African History 60, no. 01 (2019): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853719000331.

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AbstractThis study assesses the agricultural sector under the government of Kwame Nkrumah as a dynamic Cold War front. After Ghana's independence in 1957, Nkrumah asserted that the new nation would guard its sovereignty from foreign influence, while recognizing that it needed foreign cooperation and investment. His government embarked upon a development program with an emphasis on diversifying Ghana's agriculture to decrease her dependence on cocoa. Meanwhile, both the United States and the Soviet Union sought to establish footholds in Ghana through agricultural aid, trade, and investments. In

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Delate, K. "Incorporating Organic and Agroecological Approaches into the University Curricula: The Iowa State University Graduate Program in Sustainable Agriculture." HortTechnology 16, no. 3 (2006): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.16.3.0445.

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Organic agriculture has expanded to a $13 billion industry in the United States in 2005, continuing the nearly decade-long trend of 20% annual growth. Despite the growth in organic agriculture, our scientific knowledge of organic agriculture farming systems remains limited. Interest in sustainable and organic education at the university level has increased in recent years. To help address this need, the Iowa State University Graduate Program in Sustainable Agriculture (GPSA) was established in 2001 to meet three principal objectives: 1) provide students with the analytical and problem-solving

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WOLFE, R. I., R. L. TAYLOR, and D. G. FARIS. "OTAL BARLEY." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 67, no. 4 (1987): 1097–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps87-147.

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Otal is a six-rowed spring feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) developed and released in Alaska by the United States Department of Agriculture and the state Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station at Palmer. Otal was developed from a cross of the Finnish cultivar Otra, and a breeding line from the Weibullsholm Plant Breeding Institute, Sweden. It was identified at the Agriculture Canada Research Station at Beaver-lodge in Alberta as having promise in the Peace River region for its combination of earliness and high yield, and was licensed for sale in Canada.Key words: Cultivar description, ba

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Murphy, Michael T. "Avian Population Trends Within the Evolving Agricultural Landscape of Eastern and Central United States." Auk 120, no. 1 (2003): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/120.1.20.

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Abstract State-level Breeding Bird Survey (1980–1998) and U.S. Department of Agriculture statistics were used to test the hypothesis that changes in agricultural land use within the eastern and central U.S. have driven population trends of grassland and shrub habitat birds over the past two decades. The degree to which population trends differed between grassland and shrub habitats was evaluated with respect to migratory and nesting behavior. Grassland birds declined significantly between 1980 and 1999, but, on average, shrub habitat species did not. Grassland-breeding, long-distance migrants

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Coleman, William D., Grace D. Skogstad, and Michael M. Atkinson. "Paradigm Shifts and Policy Networks: Cumulative Change in Agriculture." Journal of Public Policy 16, no. 3 (1996): 273–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00007777.

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ABSTRACTThis article presents an alternative trajectory to policy paradigm change to that outlined by Peter A. Hall's social learning model, in which unsuccessful efforts by state officials to respond to policy failures and anomalies in the existing paradigm eventually trigger a broader, societal, political partisan debate about policy principles. From this society-wide contestation over policy goals, problems, and solutions, a new policy paradigm emerges. Drawing on the conceptual tools of policy feedback and policy networks, this article describes an alternative route to paradigm shift in wh

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Grossman, Margaret. "Protecting Health, Environment and Agriculture: Authorisation of Generically Modified Crops and Food in the United States and the European Union." Deakin Law Review 14, no. 2 (2009): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2009vol14no2art144.

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Millions of agricultural producers from around the globe now cultivate genetically modified (GM) crops. In both the United States and the European Union, these crops and their food and feed products must be approved after evaluations designed to protect health, the environment, and agriculture. In the United States, federal agencies implement the authorisation process; in the European Community, both Community institutions and Member State authorities play roles. This article describes the comprehensive regulatory provisions that govern GM crops and their products under US and EC law. The arti

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Peterson, Paul D., and Karen-Beth G. Scholthof. "The Society That Almost Wasn't: Issues of Professional Identity and the Creation of The American Phytopathological Society in 1908." Phytopathology® 100, no. 1 (2010): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-100-1-0014.

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The creation of The American Phytopathological Society (APS) in 1908 was a response to the developing professionalism in the biological and agricultural sciences in the United States between 1880 and 1920. During this period, a new generation of plant pathologists emerged in the United States Department of Agriculture, agricultural colleges, and state agricultural experiment stations with a methodological and theoretical framework to determine the cause and nature of disease and make control recommendations based on experimental evidence. These plant pathologists, in turn, became eager to esta

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Skogstad, Grace. "The State, Organized Interests and Canadian Agricultural Trade Policy: The Impact of Institutions." Canadian Journal of Political Science 25, no. 2 (1992): 319–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900004005.

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AbstractThis article examines the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the objective of explaining the inclusion of agriculture in the FTA, the negotiation process surrounding the FTA and the outcomes with respect to agricultural commodities. It departs from both the systemic and state-centred models which have dominated Canadian foreign economic policy to argue that, while developments in the international trading system are important factors in explaining Canada's decision to pursue the FTA, the negotiation process and outcomes of the FTA are importantly accounted for in term

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Young, Linda J., Michael Hyman, and Barbara R. Rater. "Exploring a Big Data Approach to Building a List Frame for Urban Agriculture: A Pilot Study in the City of Baltimore." Journal of Official Statistics 34, no. 2 (2018): 323–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jos-2018-0015.

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Abstract The United States Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) has the responsibility of quantifying the nation’s agricultural production. Historically, it has focused on large production agriculture. With interest and activity increasing in urban areas, NASS has begun exploring how to better quantify urban agriculture. This segment of agriculture is particularly challenging to enumerate because the agricultural holdings tend to be small, diverse, widely dispersed, and more transient than the predominantly large farms in rural areas. In collaboration wit

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Osorio-Antonia, José, Lila Margarita Bada-Carbajal, and Luis Arturo Rivas-Tovar. "NAFTA and the United States and Mexico maize belts 1994–2017." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 10, no. 4 (2020): 385–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-08-2019-0127.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is twofold. First, the impact of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on the agribusinesses of corn production in Mexico is analyzed, taking into special consideration the policy of encouragement to small producers, productive restructuring and identification of positive and negative effects. Second, the evolution of the US–Mexican maize belts (1994–2017) is analyzed, establishing the economic and political impacts with respect to NAFTA.Design/methodology/approachThe paper opted for a documentary meta-analysis study using data from the United States

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Cardwell, Michael. "The European Model of Agriculture and World Trade: Reconfiguring Domestic Support." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 5 (2003): 77–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712802784199.

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The level of support to agricultural producers in the Community has remained high notwithstanding the commitments imposed under the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (‘URAA’). Thus, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (‘OECD’), the ‘producer support estimate’ for the period 1986–1988 amounted to 44 per cent of gross farm receipts and the proportion rose marginally to 45 per cent in 1998. It may also be noted that, while the proportion in the case of the United States was approximately half that of the Community, the figure for 1998 was likewise not diss

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Cardwell, Michael. "The European Model of Agriculture and World Trade: Reconfiguring Domestic Support." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 5 (2003): 77–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000004286.

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The level of support to agricultural producers in the Community has remained high notwithstanding the commitments imposed under the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (‘URAA’). Thus, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (‘OECD’), the ‘producer support estimate’ for the period 1986–1988 amounted to 44 per cent of gross farm receipts and the proportion rose marginally to 45 per cent in 1998. It may also be noted that, while the proportion in the case of the United States was approximately half that of the Community, the figure for 1998 was likewise not diss

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Novakovsky, L., I. Novakovska, O. Bredikhin, M. Stetsiuk, and L. Skrypnyk. "Risks and problems of forming united territorial communities in Ukraine." Agricultural Science and Practice 6, no. 2 (2019): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/agrisp6.02.066.

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Aim. To determine the specifi cities of uniting territorial communities at the national and regional levels during the process of power decentralization, to generalize the experience of its legal and organizational provisions, the practice of reforming local self-government in the EU member states, to estimate the risks of decentralization in Ukraine in general and in rural area in particular, and to establish the directions of its development at the fi - nal stage. Methods. Monographic, mathematical-statistical, cartographic, abstract-logical, comparative, analytical analysis. Results. The wo

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Ehlenfeldt, M. K., A. D. Draper, and J. R. Clark. "Performance of Southern Highbush Blueberry Cultivars Released by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Cooperating State Agricultural Experiment Stations." HortTechnology 5, no. 2 (1995): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.5.2.127.

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In the 1970s, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) began developing low-chill-adapted highbush blueberry (Vacchizium corymbosum L.) for the southern United States (lat. 29° to 32°N) by using germplasm of the native southern species, V. darrowi Camp. This breeding work resulted in the release of several low-chill southern highbush blueberry (SHB) cultivars in the mid-1980s. These cultivars have been evaluated for yield and adaptation at several locations through the southern regional blueberry germplasm evaluation trials. These trials have shown that organic mulch is required for good perf

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Kolmer, J. A., D. L. Long, and M. E. Hughes. "Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2010." Plant Disease 96, no. 8 (2012): 1216–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-12-0048-sr.

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Collections of Puccinia triticina were obtained from rust-infected leaves provided by cooperators throughout the United States and from wheat fields and breeding plots by United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service personnel and cooperators in the Great Plains, Ohio River Valley, southeastern states, Oregon, and Washington State in order to determine the virulence of the wheat leaf rust population in 2010. Single uredinial isolates (537 total) were derived from the collections and tested for virulence phenotype on 19 lines of ‘Thatcher’ wheat and a winter wheat line t

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Osborne, Dennis J., Douglas C. Sanders, Donn R. Ward, and James W. Rushing. "MANAGING A REGIONAL USDA-FUNDED FOOD SAFETY PROGRAM." HortScience 40, no. 3 (2005): 869d—869. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.869d.

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This paper summarizes the management framework of a multi-state, multi-institutional partnership delivering a targeted train-the-trainer program. The program provided Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs)-based training to southeastern U.S. fresh fruit and vegetable (produce) growers and packers. Twelve southern U.S. states cooperated in this project: Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia. The 2000–04 work was funded by United States Department of Agriculture –

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Golovin, M. S., and O. V. Kudryavtseva. "Evolution of State Support Mechanisms for the Transport Biofuel Industry in the USA and Prospects for Russia." Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, no. 8 (2020): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2020-0-8-84-92.

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Over the past 30 years the United States has made significant progress in the development of the biofuel industry. At present US holds a leading position in the global production, consumption and export of first-generation bioethanol, and steadily increasing the production and consumption of first and second generation biodiesel. These successes are based on a state policy aimed at creating domestic demand for transport biofuels and stimulating its production by enterprises located in the United States. The main prerequisites for the implementation of this policy are based on the positive econ

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Thiessen, Lindsey D., Tyler Schappe, Sarah Cochran, Kristin Hicks, and Angela R. Post. "Surveying for Potential Diseases and Abiotic Disorders of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa) Production." Plant Health Progress 21, no. 4 (2020): 321–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-03-20-0017-rs.

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Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has recently been reintroduced as an agricultural commodity in the United States, and, through state-led pilot programs, growers and researchers have been investigating production strategies. Diseases and disorders of industrial hemp in the United States are largely unknowns because record-keeping and taxonomy have improved dramatically in the last several decades. In 2016, North Carolina launched a pilot program to investigate industrial hemp, and diseases and abiotic disorders were surveyed in 2017 and 2018. Producers, consultants, and agricultural extens

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Nkrumah, Bright. "THE G77 AND ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS FOR AFRICA’S FOOD SECURITY." Latin American Report 31, no. 1 (2016): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0256-6060/465.

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Developing countries demonstrated their collective commitment to address their common economic problems through the formation of the Group of 77 (G77). The coalition has attempted to use its caucus to influence the reform of major international trade and investment policies through the United Nations (UN) fora. Two of such successes were the adoption of the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) and the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA). These instruments seek to improve Africa’s poverty and food insecurity by making the international market accessible to African farmers and prevent dumping of d

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Friedmann, Harriet. "The International Political Economy of Food: A Global Crisis." International Journal of Health Services 25, no. 3 (1995): 511–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/451a-896w-gglk-elxt.

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The largest gap between national regulation and transnational economic organization is in the agro-food sector. This gap is the legacy of the post-World War II food regime, whose implicit rules gave priority to national farm programs (including import controls and export subsidies); placed the United States at the center; generated chronic surpluses; and allowed international power to take the unusual form of subsidized exports of surplus commodities, particularly wheat. The author analyzes the emergence and contradictions of the postwar food regime as a tension between replication and integra

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Mauget, Steven A., and Jonghan Ko. "A Two-Tier Statistical Forecast Method for Agricultural and Resource Management Simulations." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 47, no. 6 (2008): 1573–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jamc1749.1.

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Abstract Simple phase schemes to predict seasonal climate based on leading ENSO indicators can be used to estimate the value of forecast information in agriculture and watershed management, but may be limited in predictive skill. Here, a simple two-tier statistical method is used to hindcast seasonal precipitation over the continental United States, and the resulting skill is compared with that of ENSO phase systems based on Niño-3 sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) and Southern Oscillation index (SOI) persistence. The two-tier approach first predicts Niño-3 winter season SSTA, and then co

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Heng, Yan, Hyeyoung Kim, and Lisa A. House. "An Overview of the Grapefruit Market in South Korea." EDIS 2017, no. 1 (2017): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-fe1003-2017.

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According to the Foreign Agricultural Service of the United States Department of Agriculture, worldwide consumption of fresh grapefruit in 2014/15 increased from 4.2 million to 5.2 million metric tons. China, which is the largest producer of grapefruit, was largely responsible for the increase. In South Korea, however, the state of Florida in the United States has traditionally dominated the grapefruit market. The South Korean grapefruit market has been increasing in recent years and is expected to keep growing. The industry in Florida now faces fierce competition from other suppliers with low

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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 6, No. 1." Sustainable Agriculture Research 6, no. 1 (2017): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v6n1p120.

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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to sar@ccsenet.org. Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 1Abha Mishra, Asian Institute of Te

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Kaya, İbrahim Çağan, and Sema Gün. "Kuzey Amerika ve Türkiye’de Tarımsal İş Hukuku." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 6, no. 8 (2018): 1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v6i8.1058-1065.1966.

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The concept of labour has come about with the economic activities of some persons or legal entities. The production of a good or service is carried out in accordance with the mutual business relationship. Along with the proletariat, which emerged in particular with the industrial revolution, legal rules have been required for the rights and obligations of workers and employers. This legal business relationship, which is mainly industrial, has doubts about its validity in the agricultural sector. Since the agricultural sector is based on a household labour force, a structure based on business c

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