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Relevant bibliographies by topics / United States National Committee for the International Biological Program

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Academic literature on the topic 'United States National Committee for the International Biological Program'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "United States National Committee for the International Biological Program"

1

Wake, Marvalee H. "AIBS News: The International Union of Biological Seiences and its United States National Committee." BioScience 44, no. 6 (June 1994): 422–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioscience/44.6.422.

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Trigatti, Larry, Tanya Tamilio, Tim Gunter, and Jerry Popiel. "Positive impacts of the 2013 update to the Canadian Coast Guard and United States Coast Guard Joint Marine Pollution Contingency Plan, from a National and Regional Perspective." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 2017041. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.000041.

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The Canadian Coast Guard – United States Coast Guard(CANUS) Joint Marine Contingency Plan (JCP) underwent a major update in 2013and was renewed by both countries. This paper will review changes in the CANUS JCP from a national and regional perspective including the creation of a joint National JCP Committee and exercise program. Successful regional cooperation between the Ninth Coast Guard District and the Canadian Coast Guard Central and Arctic Region has led to recommendations for best practices to the National JCP Committee. The use of an International Coordinating Officer (ICO) position in the CANUS LAK, Great Lakes Region, of the JCP Annex has resulted in increased preparedness to respond to incidents. The ICO position was critical in the recent response of the M/V Argo. The regulatory frameworks of both countries have differences, especially authorities for spill response between the Canadian Coast Guard and the National Energy Board (NEB). These differences will be analyzed for future JCP updates.

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Haist, Steven A., Agata P. Butler, and Miguel A. Paniagua. "Testing and evaluation: the present and future of the assessment of medical professionals." Advances in Physiology Education 41, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00001.2017.

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The aim of this review is to highlight recent and potential future enhancements to the United States Licensing Examination (USMLE) program. The USMLE program is co-owned by the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) and the Federation of State Medical Boards. The USMLE includes four examinations: Step 1, Step 2 Clinical Knowledge, Step 2 Clinical Skills, and Step 3; every graduate of Liaison Committee on Medical Education-accredited allopathic medical schools and all international medical graduates must pass this examination series to practice medicine in the United States. From 2006 to 2009, the program underwent an indepth review resulting in five accepted recommendations. These recommendations have been the primary driver for many of the recent enhancements, such as an increased emphasis on foundational science and changes in the clinical skills examination, including more advanced communication skills assessment. These recommendations will continue to inform future changes such as access to references (e.g., a map of metabolic pathways) or decision-making tools for use during the examination. The NBME also provides assessment services globally to medical schools, students, residency programs, and residents. In 2015, >550,000 assessments were provided through the subject examination program, NBME self-assessment services, and customized assessment services.

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Zhao, Linlu, Kelsey Young, Althea House, Rob Stirling, and Matthew Tunis. "Demonstrating the capacity of the National Advisory Committee on Immunization for timely responses to post-market vaccine monitoring signals: Canada’s experience with the live-attenuated influenza vaccine." Canada Communicable Disease Report 47, no. 56 (June 9, 2021): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v47i56a06.

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Over the last several years, the recommended use of the live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) for children has evolved in the United States (US) in response to evidence of a potential decrease in LAIV effectiveness based on post-market monitoring. These issues were not observed in Canada or elsewhere; consequently, recommendations from Canada’s National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) and the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) on whether to use LAIV differed for two influenza seasons (2016–2017 and 2017–2018). This retrospective describes how NACI arrived at its recommendations in response to post-market signals of reduced LAIV performance from the US in 2013–2014 and again in 2015–2016. NACI’s experience with LAIV marks the first time in Canada where a preferential recommendation on the use of an influenza vaccine in a routine immunization program was reversed. This experience highlights the importance of ongoing post-market monitoring of vaccines, international collaboration and careful consideration of local context to inform vaccine recommendations. NACI’s capacity for timely responses to post-market vaccine performance signals will facilitate responsiveness to similar post-market monitoring signals from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines.

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5

Nolan, Cadets John P., and Susan J. Blood. "Development of the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1991, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 353–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1991-1-353.

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ABSTRACT The International Oil Pollution Prevention and Response (OPPR) Convention represents current international efforts to improve capabilities to prepare for and respond to catastrophic oil spills. Initiated by the United States, it is being negotiated by the Marine Environment Protection Committee of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Major components of the proposal include the establishment of an International Marine Pollution Information Center located at IMO headquarters, National Response Centers in each coastal state, and oil spill response contingency plans for ships. Other proposed articles include prepositioning of oil response equipment in high-risk areas, a research and development program for response techniques, and international cooperation during responses to catastrophic oil spills. Several problems have complicated negotiations of the OPPR Convention. First, severe time constraints have been placed on the negotiators, with the final conference1 to consider the OPPR scheduled for November 1990. Second, the United States suffers from a lack of credibility in the IMO, since the Senate has not yet ratified previous initiatives, the 1984 protocols to the 1969 International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, and the 1971 Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage. Finally, the IMO's financial troubles have placed the concept of the International Information Center in jeopardy. In spite of these obstacles, a clear majority of countries are willing to support the document, realizing that it fills a gap in marine oil pollution prevention and response. The OPPR Convention will likely be carried through to adoption by the November conference. This paper traces the development of the International Convention on Oil Pollution Response and Prevention. It summarizes the background and initial proposals of the Convention, and then discusses the problems that arose during negotiations. Finally, it describes the present status of the Convention and offers a projection of its future direction.

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6

KINDRED, TARI P. "Risk Analysis and Its Application in FSIS." Journal of Food Protection 59, no. 13 (December 1, 1996): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-59.13.24.

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ABSTRACT Risk analysis has become a well established field in the United States during the past two decades; it is used very effectively in several application areas to assess and manage risk. Advances in the application of risk analysis to a wider range of hazards, including biological hazards, and scenarios are now occurring. Definitions of risk analysis terms (including risk assessment, risk management, and risk communication) have been developed along with the rationale, purpose, and need for risk analysis in regulation. Generic principles and applications are presented. A risk analysis program for foodborne hazards is being developed by the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. A food risk analysis program for meat and poultry is being designed and some potential projects for risk assessment have been selected. All types of foodborne hazards (biological chemical, and physical) will be addressed in the new program. A general overview of risk assessment procedures and the organizational structure for the program are presented. National and international food risk analysis activities by the FSIS are summarized. The Agency expects the new risk analysis program to facilitate the regulation of FSIS-inspected food products.

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7

Parker, Heather A., Scott R. Knutson, Andy Nicoll, and Tim Wadsworth. "International Offers of Assistance Guidelines – Developing an IMO Tool to "Internationalize" Oil Spill Readiness and Response." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (May 1, 2014): 328–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2014.1.328.

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ABSTRACT During the Macondo 252 incident in 2010, it became apparent that the lack of clear guidance to effectively manage the flood of response assistance offered and required from other nations and organizations. To help address these concerns, the U.S. Coast Guard hosted an international ad hoc workgroup after the 2011 International Oil Spill Conference to discuss challenges and issues associated with sharing equipment, technology and expertise among nations and organizations to support a national response authority faced with a significant oil spill exceeding the domestic response capacity. Ideas and recommendations were captured and the need for the development of a comprehensive set of guidelines for International Offers of Assistance (IOA) was formed. The U.S. Coast Guard recognized the importance of establishing these guidelines with a broad, global perspective and proposed the concept to the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC). In July 2011, MEPC approved the proposal submitted by the United States, and added this item to the work program of the Technical Working Group of the IMO Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances (OPRC-HNS TG). The OPRC-HNS TG began this work during its 13th session in March 2012, and continues to conduct the bulk of guideline development during intersessional periods via an International Correspondence Group, comprised of a range of national response authorities, spill contractors and industry representatives from around the world. These international guidelines will be available for use by nations as a tool to assist in managing a multitude of requests for and offers of assistance from other countries, regional coordinating bodies, or other entities. This paper summarizes work already completed and still in progress on the development of the IMO International Offers of Assistance Guidelines for oil spills. The ultimate goal for these Guidelines, once completed within the OPRC-HNS TG and approved by MEPC, will be adoption and utilization by IMO Member States, particularly those that are party to OPRC Convention and to the OPRC-HNS Protocol which require States to establish procedures for international cooperation during pollution incidents.

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8

Johnson, Douglas A., and Laura J. Duckett. "Advocacy, Strategy and Tactics Used to Confront Corporate Power: The Nestlé Boycott and International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes." Journal of Human Lactation 36, no. 4 (October 9, 2020): 568–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334420955158.

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Douglas A. Johnson began his career as a human rights activist while earning his undergraduate degree in philosophy (1975) at Macalester College in the United States. He lived at Gandhi’s ashram in India to study nonviolent organizing (1969 to 1970). He served as the director of the Third World Institute in Minneapolis, MN, USA (1973–1979), which functioned as the international social justice program of the Archdiocese of Minneapolis and St. Paul. Johnson’s work included creating and running a political collective; leading development study tours into villages in Guatemala and Honduras; and investigating how transnational companies (e.g., Nestlé) were penetrating the developing world. He was the co-founder of the Infant Formula Action Coalition (INFACT), elected national chairperson (1977–1985), and appointed as Executive Director (1978–1984). His role included representing INFACT before national and international organizations, the human milk substitute industry, the US Congress and Executive Branch, and the press. He initiated and coordinated the first international grass-roots consumer boycott (against Nestlé) in ten nations. He was also a co-founder of the International Nestlé Boycott Committee and the International Baby Food Action Network (IBFAN). He earned a Master’s in Public and Private Management at Yale University (1988). Then he became the first Executive Director of the Center for Victims of Torture, in Minneapolis (1988–2012), the first treatment center for torture victims in the US. Since 2013, he has been teaching human rights theory and practice, and sharing lessons he has learned, as a Lecturer in Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University (US). (This interview was conducted via Zoom and transcribed verbatim. It has been edited for ease of readability. DJ refers to Doug Johnson and LD refers to Laura Duckett.)

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9

Dolgoshein, P. S. "Improving the Regulatory Framework for Countering Extremism in the European Union (Case Study of Finland)." Moscow Journal of International Law, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/0869-0049-2021-1-89-102.

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INTRODUCTION. The article, using the example of the Republic of Finland, analyzes the activities of the European Union (hereinafter referred to as the EU) to improve the legal regulation of countering extremism. The influence of the EU on the tackling against extremism and radicalism in the Republic of Finland is examined. The role of the EU in countering global threats, the position of Finland in relation to international co- operation in countering extremism and radicalism is assessed. The methods used in Finland to counter violent extremism are being studied.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The article examines the conceptual documents of the UN, EU and Finland; Report of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, an action plan to prevent violent extremism, Commission Staff Working Paper; Comprehensive assessment of the EU security policy; Message from the Commission to the European Parliament, European Council Ninth report on progress towards an effective and genuine Security Union; Finland's response to OHCHR's request for information on how the protection and promotion of human rights contribute to preventing and combating violent extremism; Finland's Chairmanship Program for the Sustainable Europe Sustainable Future program; Decision of the Commission on the creation of the Expert Group of the HighLevel Commission on Radicalization, Report of the Council of Europe Committee on Counter-Terrorism, Anti-Terrorism Profiles Finland, Report of the Government of Finland on human rights for 2014; decisions of the Expert Group of the High-Level Commission on Radicalization; Human Rights Council materials.RESEARCH RESULTS. The author puts forward the thesis that the measures used to counter violent extremism depend on the needs of Member States and require the development of various approaches, depending on specific circumstances. In the addition, there is a common interest in EU member states in further expanding the exchange of experience and close cooperation between various national actors at the pan-European and international levels to counter extremism and radicalism. These measures require the development of new regulatory measures, including international ones. The author believes it is possible and interesting, using the example of the Republic of Finland, to study the level of interaction and cooperation between the Member States and the European Union in the field of im- proving the legal regulation of countering extremism, as well as the measures used in Finland to prevent and combat violent extremism.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. In EU Member States, the European Union plays a key role in shaping international cooperation, which includes strengthening the existing governance system and, when necessary, reforming the existing system for preventing and countering violent extremism, subject to the fundamental principles of the United Nations. The Republic of Finland fully supports the efforts of the international community to prevent and counter extremism, through the development of international anti-extremism instruments to help states collectively combat this threat. The educational system of Finland can successfully form the fundamental foundations for countering violent extremism.

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10

O'Sullivan, B., F. Moraes, S. H. Huang, M. Malcolm, J. Brierley, and M. Gospodarowicz. "Global Consultation on Cancer Staging: To Promote Consistent Understanding and Use of Cancer Stage Terminology." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 151s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.46200.

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Background and context: Although the TNM stage schema has been the traditional means to classify anatomic extent of disease, in recent years confusion and uncertainty have emerged which underpinned by lack of familiarity concerning underlying rules of staging and their application. In turn such lack of clarity has led increased risk of miscommunication regarding patient care, research, cancer surveillance, epidemiology and cancer control. The UICC TNM Committee has confirmed a lack of uniformity in the application of cancer stage and its rules. In addition to stage, numerous other factors influence the outcome of patients as relate to tumor characteristics, patient descriptors, and the environment where any treatment is administered. A particularly a frequent problem is mixing disease extent and biology which has promoted additional misunderstanding about the importance and relevance of different individual prognostic elements and to what degree biology vs disease burden contribute to outcome. Aim: To ensure uniformity of staging systems, rules and classifications, the TNM Committee developed a global consensus on cancer staging. Strategy/Tactics: A selected literature review of twelve high impact oncology journals was performed and results will be summarized. There was inconsistent understanding and use of cancer stage classification terminology evident in up to 20% of the literature. A survey was developed and found that only 12.5% of those surveyed thought that the application of the TNM staging terminology was consistent and uniform in the literature. Respondents believed that complete T, N and M data should be recorded in cancer registries, 71% considered that other predictive and prognostic factors should also be collected by central cancer registries but that anatomic disease extent should be collected as a separate variable (85%). The Global Consultation on Cancer Staging was held under the auspices of the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and Lancet Oncology with support from the United States (US) National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Experts from these organizations and FIGO (Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie et d´Obstétrique), IACR (International Association of Cancer Registries), IARC (International Agency for Research in Cancer), and the ICCR (International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting) attended. Program/Policy process: The purpose of the staging classification was reaffirmed. Important issues about staging processes were annunciated, and inconsistencies in terminology and use were acknowledged. Definitions of frequently misused staging terms were clarified. What was learned: It was determined that methodologies need to be explored to identify and include necessary data elements relevant to personalized treatment. Selection of factors should particularly include attention to their inclusion in cancer registries where appropriate.

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Books on the topic "United States National Committee for the International Biological Program"

1

DOD chemical and biological defense program: Management and oversight : hearing before the Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans Affairs, and International Relations of the Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, second session, May 24, 2000. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.

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U.S. National Committee for Man and the Biosphere. The United States Man and the Biosphere Program. Washington, DC: U.S. MAB Secretariat, U.S. Dept. of State, 1996.

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Office, General Accounting. Weapons of mass destruction: State Department oversight of science centers program : report to the Chairman and to the Ranking Member, Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Committee on Appropriations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): U.S. General Accounting Office, 2001.

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Chan, Kwai-Cheung. Medical readiness: Issues concerning the anthrax vaccine : statement of Kwai-Cheung Chan, Director, Special Studies and Evaluations, National Security and International Affairs Division, before the Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans' Affairs, and International Relations, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.

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5

Chan, Kwai-Cheung. Medical readiness: Safety and efficacy of the anthrax vaccine : statement of Kwai-Cheung Chan, Director, Special Studies and Evaluations, National Security and International Affairs Division, before the Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans' Affairs, and International Relations, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1999.

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6

Chan, Kwai-Cheung. Medical readiness: Safety and efficacy of the anthrax vaccine : statement of Kwai-Cheung Chan, Director, Special Studies and Evaluations, National Security and International Affairs Division, before the Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans' Affairs, and International Relations, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1999.

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7

Nelson, Benjamin F. State Department: Major management challenges and program risks : statement of Benjamin F. Nelson, Director, International Relations and Trade Issues, National Security and International Affairs Division, before the Subcommittee on International Operations, Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.

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Nelson, Benjamin F. State Department: Major management challenges and program risks : statement of Benjamin F. Nelson, Director, International Relations and Trade Issues, National Security and International Affairs Division, before the Subcommittee on International Operations, Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.

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Office, General Accounting. Nuclear security: NNSA needs to better manage its safeguards and security program : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats, and International Relations, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): U.S. General Accounting Office, 2003.

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Conahan, Frank C. Foreign assistance: Reforming the economic aid program : statement of Frank C. Conahan, Assistant Comptroller General, National Security and International Affairs Division, before the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives. [Washington, D.C.]: The Office, 1993.

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