Journal articles: 'United States. Public Lands Corps'

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Dilsaver, Lary M., and Charles I. Zinser. "Outdoor Recreation: United States National Parks, Forests, and Public Lands." Geographical Review 86, no. 2 (April 1996): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215968.

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BESCHTA, ROBERT L., JONATHAN J. RHODES, J. BOONE KAUFFMAN, ROBERT E. GRESSWELL, G. WAYNE MINSHALL, JAMES R. KARR, DAVID A. PERRY, F. RICHARD HAUER, and CHRISTOPHER A. FRISSELL. "Postfire Management on Forested Public Lands of the Western United States." Conservation Biology 18, no. 4 (August 2004): 957–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00495.x.

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Quintas-Soriano, Cristina, Dainee M. Gibson, Jodi S. Brandt, María D. López-Rodríguez, Javier Cabello, Pedro A. Aguilera, and Antonio J. Castro. "An interdisciplinary assessment of private conservation areas in the Western United States." Ambio 50, no. 1 (February 21, 2020): 150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-020-01323-x.

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AbstractConservation easements are the fastest growing private conservation strategy in the United States. However, mechanisms to assess private land conservation as well as their support by the general public are not well understood. This study uses the ecosystem services framework for assessing existing private lands in Idaho and identifies areas for future conservation easements. Using conservation targets of the land trust as a guide for selecting ecosystem services, we (a) mapped the spatial delivery of conservation targets across public and private lands, (b) explored public awareness in terms of social importance and vulnerability, and (c) mapped future priority areas by characterizing conservation bundles. We found that public lands provided the highest levels of conservation targets, and we found no difference in conservation target provision between private areas and conservation easements. The spatial characterization of conservation target bundles identified potential future priority areas for conservation easements, which can guide planning of land trust conservation efforts.

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Connor, Joseph P., Robert B. Teweles, and William P. Cruse. "Leader Development in the United States Army Dental Corps." Military Medicine 155, no. 10 (October 1, 1990): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/155.10.465.

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Pierce, Katherine E., David Broderick, Scott Johnston, and Kathryn J. Holloway. "Embedded Mental Health in the United States Marine Corps." Military Medicine 185, no. 9-10 (June 9, 2020): e1499-e1505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa076.

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Abstract Introduction Despite the rich history and progression of mental health assets and their utilization within the Marine Corps, the implementation of these assets has been varied and inconsistent. This article strives to take the lessons learned from the past and improve on them. The goal is to develop a consistent program focused on resiliency and retention, and propose an integrated organized structure across all the Marine Expeditionary Forces (MEF). Means and Methods Review of the literature, current practices, and future recommendations. Results This article demonstrates that continuing to utilize mental health resources at the Regimental level with a focus on community mental health principles rather than the medical model allows for proximity to members and leadership of their primary command, immediate access to them as their Special Staff Officer, the ability to set the expectation of recovery, resiliency, and readiness, and the capability to implement simple principles of nonmedical recuperation and advisement. Conclusions Improving on the organizational structure of mental health in the Marine Corps by placing a mental health Special Staff Officer at the MEF level and focusing on the principles of community mental health will shift the focus back to the primary and secondary prevention care efforts across all levels of the Marine Corps and provide clinical and leadership oversight as it relates to the philosophy, role, and implementation of organic mental health Officers.

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Sumter, Jeffery L., Jill Roberts, Adrienne Goodrich-Doctor, and Thomas J. Mason. "Ebola Response: A study of the Psychosocial Factors of Preparedness Among Commissioned Corps Officers of the United States Public Health Service." Military Medicine 184, no. 9-10 (May 29, 2019): e502-e508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz018.

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AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of the cross-sectional study was to explore the relationships between occupational and general-self efficacy, and perceived preparedness among Commissioned Corps officers in the United States Public Health Service (Commissioned Corps). Commissioned Corps officers fight to protect the United States from diseases and care for the survivors of natural disasters and terrorist attacks. Commissioned Corps officers play a vital role in the fight to protect the United States from diseases and care for the survivors of natural disasters and terrorist attacks. The Commissioned Corps provided healthcare services in Liberia during the 2014 Ebola crisis that underscored the challenges of emerging diseases in a globalized community. It is imperative that these health professionals maintain a high level of self-efficacy and feel confident in their overall preparedness training as they respond to public health emergencies.Materials and MethodsThis study used assessment instruments derived from Albert Bandura’s concept of self-efficacy to analyze the occupational and general self-efficacy, and perceived preparedness levels of health services officers in the Commissioned Corps. 82 Commissioned Corps officers completed the assessment survey. To date, no study has examined the relationship between these constructs in this population.ResultsThere was a statistically significant relationship between feeling confident in one’s Commissioned Corps training and perceived preparedness (rs = 0.55, p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study reflects the training perceptions and self-beliefs of Commissioned Corps officers, fills an important gap in the empirical research in this population, and advances previous investigations, which suffered from an underrepresentation of female service members.

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Page-Dumroese, Deborah S., Carlos Rodriguez Franco, James G. Archuleta, Marcus E. Taylor, Kraig Kidwell, Jeffrey C. High, and Kathleen Adam. "Forest Biomass Policies and Regulations in the United States of America." Forests 13, no. 9 (September 2, 2022): 1415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13091415.

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Using woody biomass from public lands could attract private investments, increase carbon dioxide emission reductions from sustainably harvested low-grade wood to mitigate climate change, provide benefits for the environment, and support rural community economies. Available for use are about 210 million oven dry tons (in the western U.S. alone) of small-diameter wood and harvest residues that could be removed through hazard-fuel treatments and used for bioenergy and bioproducts; representing an economic value of approximately USD 5.97 billion (109). Reaching that utilization goal requires an assessment of current U.S. policies, regulations and directives influencing the use of forest biomass and identification of barriers, challenges, and potential opportunities associated with the use of woody biomass from public lands. One objective of this review is to support the implementation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (USDA-FS) new effort called “Confronting the Wildfire Crisis: A Strategy for Protecting Communities and Improving Resilience in America’s Forests”, but greater coordination of public policies (regulatory legislation, government subsidies, support programs) at different government levels could increase adoption of forest biomass for bioenergy and bioproducts while also promoting different supply chains for long-term biomass supplies and industry investments. Harmonizing the definition of key biomass terms used by different programs that support using forest biomass for bioenergy and other bioproducts, including the Renewable Fuel Standard, may increase forest biomass use from public lands.

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Pérez, Orlando J. "Public Opinion and the Future of U.S.-Panama Relations." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 41, no. 3 (1999): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166157.

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Using survey data and interviews, this study examines Panamanian attitudes toward the United States and toward the central issues in US.- Panama relations. It also compares Panamanian attitudes with opinions toward the United States in the rest of Central America. The study finds that nationalism, system support, anticommunism, and, for the mass public, ideology are the most important variables in determining support for the United States. Elites are more nationalistic and less accommodationist toward the United States than the mass public. Concern about the politicization and misuse of the Panama Canal and adjacent lands has led many in the general public to support a continued US. military presence on the Isthmus of Panama.

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Dale, Lisa. "Wildfire Policy and Fire Use on Public Lands in the United States." Society & Natural Resources 19, no. 3 (March 2006): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920500460898.

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MOIR, W. H., and W. M. BLOCK. "Adaptive Management on Public Lands in the United States: Commitment or Rhetoric?" Environmental Management 28, no. 2 (March 6, 2001): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002670010213.

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Knight, Kevin B., Patrick J. Comer, Brian R. Pickard, Doria R. Gordon, and Theodore Toombs. "Including Condition into Ecological Maps Changes Everything—A Study of Ecological Condition in the Conterminous United States." Land 10, no. 11 (October 27, 2021): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10111145.

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In 2021, the Biden administration signed an executive order to protect 30% of American lands by 2030. Accomplishing this ambitious goal in the U.S. requires understanding the relative contribution of public and private lands toward supporting biodiversity. New approaches are needed because existing approaches focus on quantity of habitat without incorporating quality. To fill this need, we developed a 30 m resolution national habitat condition index (HCI) that integrates quality and quantity measures of habitat. We hypothesized that including an evaluation of the quality of habitat at landscape scales, both in conservation-focused preserves and working lands would provide a better assessment of the value of geographies for conservation. We divided the conterminous U.S. by major land cover type and into natural and cultivated lands and then spatially mapped multiple anthropogenic stressors, proximity to aquatic habitat, and vegetation departure from expected natural disturbance regimes. Each map layer was then scored for site impact and distance decay and combined into a final national index. Field observations providing scored relative ecological conditions were used for HCI calibration and validation at both CONUS and regional scales. Finally, we evaluate lands by management (conservation versus working lands) and ownership (public versus private) testing the value of these lands for conservation. While we found regional differences across CONUS, functional habitat was largely independent of protection status: working lands provide clear habitat and other values. These results are relevant for guiding strategies to achieve the U.S. 30 by 30 goals. Where similar data exist in other countries, analogous modeling could be used to meet their national conservation commitments.

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Crum, Nancy F., Mark R. Wallace, Carla R. Lamb, Ava Marie S. Conlin, Dennis E. Amundson, Patrick E. Olson, Margaret A. K. Ryan, Ted J. Robinson, Gregory C. Gray, and Kenneth C. Earhart. "Halting a pneumococcal pneumonia outbreak among United States Marine Corps trainees." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 25, no. 2 (August 2003): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-3797(03)00114-4.

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Klyza, Christopher McGrory. "Ideas, Institutions, and Policy Patterns: Hardrock Mining, Forestry, and Grazing Policy on United States Public Lands, 1870–1985." Studies in American Political Development 8, no. 2 (1994): 341–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x00001279.

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From the mid–1800s through the mid–1980s, the federal government initiated programs to manage three types of resources on the lands that it controlled. The discovery of gold in California and elsewhere in the West prompted the first government policy in the 1860s. Debate over the nation's forests began in the 1870s, and a system of national forests to be managed by a federal Forest Service was created in the late 1800s and early 1900s. And in the 1930s, the government finally began to manage the lands no one wanted, its grazing lands. The federal government continues to be an active manager of national resources. Indeed, with control of nearly 30 percent of the nation's land, it is the largest land manager in the country.

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Sharma, Sadikshya, and Melissa M. Kreye. "Public Attitudes towards Birds and Private Forest Land Conservation." Forests 12, no. 11 (November 6, 2021): 1525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12111525.

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The eastern United States is dominantd by private forest lands, which are important for supporting a significant proportion of global bird populations. Here, we examine public attitudes towards bird conservation, government involvement in private lands issues, and private forest management objectives with an aim to better understand how these perceptions may shape broader attitudes about bird conservation. Data were collected using psychometric scales and a statewide web survey of the general public in Pennsylvania, USA (n = 656). Findings reveal four unique perspectives about birds and important correlations with conservation support on private lands. Respondents with positive views about landowner assistance programs often had more complex attitudes towards birds and were associated with relational and ethical perspectives about birds. We conclude that future public education efforts might cultivate in learners a more robust understanding of bird conservation if they included private forest lands values and culture in their programs.

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Reid, Hubert. "Que signifient les mots « public », « corps public », « bureau public » et « corps politique » utilisés aux articles 33, 828, 838 et 844 du Code de procédure civile du Québec ?" Les Cahiers de droit 18, no. 2-3 (April 12, 2005): 455–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042172ar.

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In the province of Quebec, as elsewhere in Canada, the legislator, authors and judges frequently use terms in a general sense which is always taken for granted. But when the exact meaning of such terms is sought, no useful definition can be found. « Public », « public body », « public board » and « body politic » are typical examples of such terms. The purpose of this paper is to search for the legal signification of these four terms, more particularly in the United States and in Great Britain where they have been analyzed.

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Friedman, S. T., and G. S. Foster. "Forest genetics on federal lands in the United States: public concerns and policy responses." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 27, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x96-198.

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Liu, Ning, Peter V. Caldwell, G. Rebecca Dobbs, Chelcy Ford Miniat, Paul V. Bolstad, Stacy A. C. Nelson, and Ge Sun. "Forested lands dominate drinking water supply in the conterminous United States." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 8 (July 22, 2021): 084008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac09b0.

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Kreye, Rimsaite, and Adams. "Public Attitudes about Private Forest Management and Government Involvement in the Southeastern United States." Forests 10, no. 9 (September 6, 2019): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10090776.

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In the southern United States the country’s top wood-producing region, factors such as intergenerational land transfer and population spillover from urban areas have resulted in forestland conversion and reduced production of critical ecosystem services associated with forest systems (e.g., timber, clean water supply, wildlife habitat). Public attitudes, which drive forestland policy prescriptions, may also be evolving due to the way people experience and perceive forests (e.g., recreation), and think about the role of government in private forest decisions. These changes have significant implications for forestland management and the forest-based economy, both locally and globally. We present the results of a regional survey (n = 1669) of residents in Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina, which assessed attitudes toward timber harvesting and government involvement on private lands. We found significant public support for timber harvesting with a somewhat stronger focus on ecosystem maintenance compared to timber production, and strong support for policies that empower landowners (e.g., assistance programs) over regulatory strategies. We conclude that existing government policies and programs are failing to help landowners meet public demand for ecosystem service provision on private forest lands in the southeastern US. Public attitudes appear conducive to innovative policy strategies such as market-based solutions and nudges. Perceptions of forest health will likely be the metric the public and landowners will use in assessing the value of policy alternatives, in addition to economic impact. Public ignorance and indifference towards forest management also appear to be growing.

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HOLZMUELLER, ERIC J., JOHN W. GRONINGER, and MICHAEL A. MARTINEK. "FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANNING ON PRIVATE LANDS: A CASE STUDY OF THE SPATIAL ANALYSIS PROJECT IN THE NORTH CENTRAL UNITED STATES." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 15, no. 01 (March 2013): 1350004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s146433321350004x.

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In 2004, the US Forest Service launched the Spatial Analysis Project (SAP) to determine whether lands enrolled in the Forest Stewardship Program meet state stewardship objectives. Within each state, SAP used an aggregate analysis to categorise all land available for the FSP as — low, medium, or high stewardship potential. We characterized differences in land classified by the SAP in the study area, and determined if states have been effectively enrolling lands in the high category. Results indicate that while states are enrolling high stewardship potential lands (p < 0.0001), prioritising among forest lands is difficult because nearly all of it is classified as high or medium stewardship potential. We suggest prioritising forested areas using ranking criteria that are more closely associated with state forestry priorities, a strategy that could be adapted to increase the impact of limited public forest stewardship resources outside of the region as well.

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Provencher, Louis, Kevin Badik, Tanya Anderson, Joel Tuhy, Dan Fletcher, Elaine York, and Sarah Byer. "Landscape Conservation Forecasting for Data-Poor at-Risk Species on Western Public Lands, United States." Climate 9, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli9050079.

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Managing vast federal public lands governed by multiple land use policies creates challenges when demographic data on at-risk species are lacking. The U.S. Bureau of Land Management Cedar City Field Office used this project in the Black Mountains (Utah) to inform vegetation management supporting at-risk greater sage-grouse and Utah prairie dog planning. Ecological systems were mapped from satellite remote sensing imagery and used to model species habitat suitability under two levels of management activity (custodial, preferred) and climate scenarios for historic and two global circulation models. Spatial state-and-transition models of ecological systems were simulated for all six scenarios up to 60 years while coupled with expert-developed habitat suitability indices. All ecological systems are at least moderately departed from reference conditions in 2012, whereas habitat suitability was 50.5% and 48.4% for sage-grouse and prairie dog, respectively. Management actions replaced non-native annual grasslands with perennial grasses, removed conifers, and controlled exotic forbs. The drier climate most affected ecological departure and prairie dog habitat suitability at 30 years only. Different climates influenced spatial patterns of sage-grouse habitat suitability, but nonspatial values were unchanged. Climate impacts on fire, vegetation succession, and restoration explain many results. Front-loading restoration is predicted to benefit under future drier climate.

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Bryner, Gary. "Balancing Preservation and Logging: Public Lands Policy in British Columbia and the Western United States." Policy Studies Journal 27, no. 2 (May 1999): 307–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1999.tb01970.x.

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Carriker, Roy R. "Wetlands and Environmental Legislation Issues." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 26, no. 1 (July 1994): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800019180.

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AbstractThe federal government program for wetlands regulation is administered by the United States Army Corps of Engineers pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Proposals for amending and/or reforming the Section 404 program are included in Congressional deliberations regarding Clean Water Act reauthorization. Specific issues of public policy include the definition of “waters of the United States”, criteria for delineation of jurisdictional wetlands, definition of activities exempt from regulation, mitigation and classification of wetlands, and issues of property rights.

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Myles, Ian A., Daniel R. Johnson, Hanah Pham, Ava Adams, Jerome Anderson, Marina Banks-Shields, Andrea G. Battle, et al. "USPHS Corps Care." Public Health Reports 136, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354920984775.

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Force health protection (FHP) is defined as “the prevention of disease and injury in order to protect the strength and capabilities” of any service population. FHP was the foundational principal of the US Public Health Service (USPHS). President John Adams’ signing of An Act for Sick and Disabled Seamen on July 16, 1798, marked the first dedication of US federal resources to ensuring the well-being of US civilian sailors and Naval service members. On January 4, 1889, President Cleveland enacted the USPHS Commissioned Corps, creating the world’s first (and still only) uniformed service dedicated to promoting, protecting, and advancing the health and safety of the United States and the world. Building on the lessons of the 2014-2015 response to the Ebola virus pandemic, the Corps Care program was formalized in 2017 to establish and implement a uniform and comprehensive strategy to meet the behavioral health, medical, and spiritual needs of all Commissioned Corps officers. Its role was expanded in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has placed unprecedented demands on health care workers and spotlighted the need for FHP strategies. We describe the FHP roles of the Corps Care program for the resiliency of Commission Corps officers in general and the Corps’ impact during the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative analysis of FHP discussions with deployed officers highlights the unique challenges to FHP presented by the pandemic response.

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Baldwin, J. Norman. "The Promotion Record of the United States Army: Glass Ceilings in the Officer Corps." Public Administration Review 56, no. 2 (March 1996): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/977208.

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Palaiologou, Palaiologos, Alan A. Ager, Cody R. Evers, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Michelle A. Day, and Haiganoush K. Preisler. "Fine-scale assessment of cross-boundary wildfire events in the western United States." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 19, no. 8 (August 14, 2019): 1755–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-1755-2019.

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Abstract. We report a fine-scale assessment of cross-boundary wildfire events for the western US. We used simulation modeling to quantify the extent of fire exchange among major federal, state, and private land tenures and mapped locations where fire ignitions can potentially affect populated places. We examined how parcel size affects wildfire transmission and partitioned the relative amounts of transmitted fire between human and natural ignitions. We estimated that 85 % of the total predicted wildfire activity, as measured by area burned, originates from four land tenures (Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, private, and state lands) and 63 % of the total amount results from natural versus human ignitions. On average, one-third of the area burned by predicted wildfires was nonlocal, meaning that the source ignition was on a different land tenure. Land tenures with smaller parcels tended to receive more incoming fire on a proportional basis, while the largest fires were generated from ignitions in national parks, national forests, and public and tribal lands. Among the 11 western states, the amount and pattern of cross-boundary fire varied substantially in terms of which land tenures were mostly exposed, by whom, and to what extent. We also found spatial variability in terms of community exposure among states, and more than half of the predicted structure exposure was caused by ignitions on private lands or within the wildland–urban interface areas. This study addressed gaps in existing wildfire risk assessments that do not explicitly consider cross-boundary fire transmission and do not identify the source of fire. The results can be used by state, federal, and local fire planning organizations to help improve risk mitigation programs.

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McElligott, Paul. "Creating win-wins in BC's forests... Taking on the sacred cows." Forestry Chronicle 79, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79659-3.

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TimberWest Forest Corporation became Canada's only publicly traded private timberland investment vehicle in 1997. In addition to private lands, the company holds two renewable Tree Farm Licenses and other public tenures. Revenues from logging represent 80% of the company's total revenue. The company has outperformed its industry peers in Canada and the United States. This success is attributed to the predominance of private lands in the company's business mix and to its ability to export logs off these lands. A case is presented for privatization of some, if not all, commercial forest land in British Columbia. Key words: log exports, privatization, coastal forest industry, industry restructuring

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BONDS, MATTHEW H., and JEFFREY J. POMPE. "Improving institutional incentives for public land management: an econometric analysis of school trust land leases." Journal of Institutional Economics 1, no. 2 (December 2005): 193–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137405000123.

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There is considerable interest in the proper management of public lands in the United States, but questions arise over what institutional arrangements may ensure proper land stewardship. Recently, the trust doctrine has been heralded as a way to motivate prudent decision making by land managers. School trust lands, which are managed to generate revenues for public schools, represent a long-standing example of the trust doctrine at work. We examine Mississippi school trust leases and show that the trustees, who are elected officials, maintain multiple conflicting objectives, which ultimately undermine the trust relationship. However, we find that a recent institutional change that made the Boards of Education (the fund recipients) the trustees, caused revenues to increase dramatically.

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Litvaitis, John A., Jeffery L. Larkin, Darin J. McNeil, Don Keirstead, and Bridgett Costanzo. "Addressing the Early-Successional Habitat Needs of At-Risk Species on Privately Owned Lands in the Eastern United States." Land 10, no. 11 (October 21, 2021): 1116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10111116.

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Public lands alone are insufficient to address the needs of most at-risk wildlife species in the U.S. As a result, a variety of voluntary incentive programs have emerged to recruit private landowners into conservation efforts that restore and manage the habitats needed by specific species. We review the role of one such effort, Working Lands for Wildlife (WLFW), initiated by the Natural Resources Conservation Service in partnership with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Using two at-risk species in the eastern U.S. (where private lands dominate), we show the substantial potential that WLFW has for restoring and maintaining needed habitats. Monitoring how effective these efforts are on populations of the target species has been challenging, and both monitoring and implementation are being modified in response to new information. Identifying landowner motivations is essential for developing long-term relationships and conservation success. As WLFW projects develop, they are moving toward a more holistic ecosystem approach, within which the conservation goals of at-risk species are embedded.

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Crawford, John A., Christopher A. Phillips, William E. Peterman, Irene E. MacAllister, Neil A. Wesslund, Andrew R. Kuhns, and Michael J. Dreslik. "Chytrid Infection Dynamics in Cricket Frogs on Military and Public Lands in the Midwestern United States." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 8, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/012017-jfwm-003.

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Abstract The pathogenic chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (hereafter, Bd) is a causal agent in amphibian decline and extinction events. Sampling for Bd in the Midwestern United States has largely been opportunistic and haphazard, so little information exists on the true occurrence and prevalence of the disease. We repeatedly tested Cricket Frogs Acris blanchardi or A. crepitans at 54 wetlands in 2009 and 15 wetlands in 2011 on both public and military lands to estimate Bd occurrence and prevalence rates between different land-use types, sampling seasons (spring, summer, autumn) and sampling years. We found Bd occurred in 100% of wetlands we sampled in 2009 and 2011, and overall prevalence was 22.7% in 2009 and 40.5% in 2011. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis prevalence in 2011 was significantly higher than in 2009 and was significantly higher during the spring season than in the summer or autumn. We also found Bd prevalence was not significantly different on military versus public-use sites and was most affected by the average 30-d maximum temperature prior to sampling. This study provides data on the occurrence and prevalence of Bd in the United States and fills an important gap in the Midwest, while also corroborating prior research findings of increased prevalence in the cooler spring season.

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Ellenwood, Mikaela S., Lisa Dilling, and Jana B. Milford. "Managing United States Public Lands in Response to Climate Change: A View From the Ground Up." Environmental Management 49, no. 5 (March 22, 2012): 954–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9829-2.

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Leonard, Bryan, Andrew J. Plantinga, and Matthew Wibbenmeyer. "Stranded land constrains public land management and contributes to larger fires." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 11 (October 22, 2021): 114014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac2e39.

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Abstract Wildfire activity in the western United States has been increasing since the 1970s, with many fires occurring on land managed by government agencies. Over six million acres of public lands are surrounded by private land and lack road access, making them legally inaccessible to federal and state agencies and potentially constraining management and suppression of wildfires. In this paper, we assemble data on all fires that started on public lands in the western US over the period 1992–2015 and estimate the effect of legal accessibility on fire size. We find that ignitions are 14%–23% more likely to become large (greater than one acre) if they occur on inaccessible land. We provide evidence that this effect may be driven in part by agencies’ inability to conduct fuels management and in part by slower suppression responses on legally inaccessible land. Our results suggest that wildfire prevention and suppression could be bolstered by improved access to public lands and underscore the need for ongoing research on the relationship between land ownership and wildfire.

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Thomas, Jack Ward. "Trends in forest management in the United States." Forestry Chronicle 70, no. 5 (October 1, 1994): 546–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc70546-5.

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Changes in forestry practices in the United States have been dramatic over the past decade. These changes have been brought about largely through government regulations promulgated in response to pressure from environmental and other groups at both federal and state levels. Historically, the federal government has taken leadership in forest stewardship, though some states have demonstrated strong initiatives over the years. Two separate, but intertwined, factors combined to alter the practice of forestry over much of the United States. There were the interactive consequences of obedience to national environmental laws, passed in the 1960s and 1970s, and a rising environmental consciousness among the majority of the minority of the citizenry who care about natural resource issues. Rising public concern was focussed in challenges in the federal courts to government forest management activities, and in terms of public relations campaigns using lobbying, demonstrations, and manipulation of the mass media. In July of 1993, President Clinton selected an option for management of federal forests in the Pacific Northwest section of the United States that dedicated 9.28 million acres (3.75 million hectares) of federal forests to reserves to be managed for late-successional/old-growth ecosystem function and riparian/fisheries protection. This reduced the anticipated timber sale levels from the 2.4 billion board feet (5.7 million m3) cut annually in 1990-1992, to 1.2 billion board feet (2.8 million m3) projected for 1994. There is an ongoing shift in management philosophy toward "ecosystem management" of forested lands with increasing attention to aesthetics and more benign environmental effects of timber management.

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Poudyal, Neelam C., Seong-Hoon Cho, and Donald G. Hodges. "Effects of Urban Sprawl on Hunting Participation in the Southeastern United States." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 32, no. 3 (August 1, 2008): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/32.3.134.

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Abstract Hunting is an important but declining activity in the Southeastern United States. Although our understanding of what causes this decline is incomplete, the period of decline coincided with rapid urbanization in the region. Urban sprawl, which is changing sociocultural traditions and leisure patterns, may be a driver in declines in hunting. Therefore, using county-level data for the Southeastern United States, we developed a log-linear demand model of hunting to estimate effects of urban sprawl on hunting. Results suggest that an increase in urban population and dispersal of low-density residential development in the wildland reduced hunting participation in the region. This implies that feasibility and effectiveness of hunting as a wildlife management tool may decrease if the current urbanization trend persists in the region. Results also suggest a need to promote hunting within urban populations and for maintaining hunting opportunities by promoting tighter management of urban sprawl to conserve huntable areas, increasing public hunting land, and possibly increasing public access to private lands.

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Walls, Margaret, Patrick Lee, and Matthew Ashenfarb. "National monuments and economic growth in the American West." Science Advances 6, no. 12 (March 2020): eaay8523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay8523.

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National monuments in the United States are protected lands that contain historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, or other objects of historic or scientific interest. Their designations are often contentious. Opponents argue that monuments hurt local economies by limiting uses of public lands, while supporters counter that monuments create a new amenity-driven economy. We use panel data on all business establishments in the eight-state Mountain West region to estimate economic impacts of 14 monument designations over a 25-year period. We find that monuments increased the average number of establishments and jobs in areas near monuments; increased the average establishment growth rate; had no effect, positive or negative, on the number of jobs in establishments that existed pre-designation; and had no effect on mining and other industries that use public lands. On net, protecting lands as national monuments has been more help than hindrance to local economies in the American West.

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Rodriguez, Linnet, Julia Michelle White, Nikisha Q. Richards, Alan X. You, and Natario L. Couser. "An Adult Loa loa Worm in the Upper Eyelid: An Atypical Presentation of Loiasis in the United States." Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine 2021 (April 16, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6630875.

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Purpose. To report a case of ocular involvement of Loa loa parasite. Observations. We present a rare case report of a Loiasis diagnosed in the United States from a patient presenting with subcutaneous migration of an adult worm within an eyelid who was found to have systemic disease with microfilaria in his blood. This is the second report in the United States and the eighth case in published literature worldwide. Conclusions and Importance. Due to the relatively mild disease course, Loiasis is relatively ignored in public health in low resource health districts. Understandably, the focus of public health in endemic areas must focus on basic health needs like malnutrition and diseases that entail a greater disease burden. As globalization has increased the amount of trade of physical goods, the effect of immigration also has implications for the spread of infectious disease. Medical practitioners in the United States should be aware of endemic diseases from foreign lands.

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Wilkins, Emily J., Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Anna B. Miller, and Jordan W. Smith. "Climate change and the demand for recreational ecosystem services on public lands in the continental United States." Global Environmental Change 70 (September 2021): 102365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102365.

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Oehler, James D. "State efforts to promote early-successional habitats on public and private lands in the northeastern United States." Forest Ecology and Management 185, no. 1-2 (November 2003): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(03)00253-6.

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Carter, Sarah K., David S. Pilliod, Travis Haby, Karen L. Prentice, Cameron L. Aldridge, Patrick J. Anderson, Zachary H. Bowen, et al. "Bridging the research-management gap: landscape science in practice on public lands in the western United States." Landscape Ecology 35, no. 3 (February 11, 2020): 545–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-020-00970-5.

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Jenkins, Clinton N., Kyle S. Van Houtan, Stuart L. Pimm, and Joseph O. Sexton. "US protected lands mismatch biodiversity priorities." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 16 (April 6, 2015): 5081–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1418034112.

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Because habitat loss is the main cause of extinction, where and how much society chooses to protect is vital for saving species. The United States is well positioned economically and politically to pursue habitat conservation should it be a societal goal. We assessed the US protected area portfolio with respect to biodiversity in the country. New synthesis maps for terrestrial vertebrates, freshwater fish, and trees permit comparison with protected areas to identify priorities for future conservation investment. Although the total area protected is substantial, its geographic configuration is nearly the opposite of patterns of endemism within the country. Most protected lands are in the West, whereas the vulnerable species are largely in the Southeast. Private land protections are significant, but they are not concentrated where the priorities are. To adequately protect the nation’s unique biodiversity, we recommend specific areas deserving additional protection, some of them including public lands, but many others requiring private investment.

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Newman, David H. "A modified production function analysis of changing southern forest productivity." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 8 (August 1, 1991): 1278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-178.

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The analysis in this paper measures changes in forest productivity for 12 southern states using a modified, aggregate production function. The function combines cross section – time series, biological, and acreage data to estimate the shift in productivity, measured as either standing inventory plus removals or changes in inventory plus removals, over the past 4 decades. The annual shift in productivity is estimated to be approximately 0.5% for the standing volume measures used. However, productivity gains in the region have virtually stopped during the past decade. The largest contributions to productivity gains were from industrially owned lands and land managed as planted pine. Mixed pine–hardwood stands and public lands (except for plantations) showed lower productivity impacts. These results present an essential component for understanding the impact of technical change on aggregate forest productivity in the southern United States.

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Carter, Sarah K., Erica Fleishman, Ian I. F. Leinwand, Curtis H. Flather, Natasha B. Carr, Frank A. Fogarty, Matthias Leu, Barry R. Noon, Martha E. Wohlfeil, and David J. A. Wood. "Quantifying Ecological Integrity of Terrestrial Systems to Inform Management of Multiple-Use Public Lands in the United States." Environmental Management 64, no. 1 (April 13, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-019-01163-w.

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Wilbur, Ryan, Charles Stanley, Kristie A. Maczko, and John Derek Scasta. "Perceptions of NRCS Assistance with Prescribed Fires on U.S. Private Lands: A Regionally Stratified Case Study." Fire 4, no. 3 (August 14, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire4030047.

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The benefits of prescribed fires are recognized throughout the United States, but the ability to assist with prescribed fire application on private land by government agencies has many possible constraints and challenges. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), a federal agency, is mandated to assist private landowners with meeting land management objectives, but the ability of employees to utilize prescribed fire as a management tool is complex. We conducted a regionally stratified online survey of NRCS employees across the United States to determine the barriers inhibiting their ability to assist private landowners with prescribed fire application. In January of 2020, we recruited 101 NRCS rangeland and grazing land specialists to participate in the survey with 50 completing the survey (regional sample size: Central n = 14, Northeast n = 5, Southeast n = 12, West n = 19). A majority (82%) of respondents thought prescribed fires were staying the same or increasing in number. Regional differences in assistance types were significant for conducting burns and providing technical education, but not for other assistance types. Regional differences for perceived constraints were also significant for how the public understands the risks of prescribed fire and the ecological constraints but not for state policy, federal policy, liability, or public understanding of prescribed fire benefits. Overall and across regions, the NRCS survey participants perceived federal policies, liability, and private landowners’ lack knowledge of prescribed fire limits their ability to assist in the utilization of prescribed fire. Creating a national policy that allows a streamlined process for NRCS employees to assist with prescribed fire implementation and collaborative initiatives to improve private landowner knowledge gaps has the potential to improve prescribed fire application across the United States.

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Weatherly, John W., and Mattson A. Rosenbaum. "Future Projections of Heat and Fire-Risk Indices for the Contiguous United States." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 56, no. 4 (April 2017): 863–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-16-0068.1.

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AbstractIncreasing temperatures and changes in precipitation associated with climate change are expected to have increasing impacts on the contiguous United States in the coming decades, including military training and outdoor activities in general. Projections of daily temperature and precipitation from multiple global climate model projections are used to calculate the days with high heat and drought indices, which also indicate heat-related illness and fire risks. The heat stress index [the wet-bulb black-globe temperature (WBGT)] and drought index (Keetch–Byram drought index) are calculated from climate model projections from 1950–99 and 2070–99 and compared with those calculated from observed weather data for stations across the contiguous United States. Significant increases are projected across the southern United States for the days in the high index category above 32.2°C and high drought category. The higher humidity of the southeastern United States contributes to high WBGT as well, while the air temperatures are greatest in the Southwest. The highest WBGT categories occur for the daytime maximum; however, daily minimum WBGTs in the restricting category also are projected for more than 50 days per year in the Southeast. The high drought index is projected to increase across the Great Plains and the central and southern United States, affecting wildfire risks for military and public lands, including large agricultural regions. These projected impacts can be characterized as widespread and severe for large portions of the United States, with expected impacts to military planning, public health and safety, and natural resource management.

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Nolte, Christoph. "High-resolution land value maps reveal underestimation of conservation costs in the United States." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 47 (November 9, 2020): 29577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012865117.

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The justification and targeting of conservation policy rests on reliable measures of public and private benefits from competing land uses. Advances in Earth system observation and modeling permit the mapping of public ecosystem services at unprecedented scales and resolutions, prompting new proposals for land protection policies and priorities. Data on private benefits from land use are not available at similar scales and resolutions, resulting in a data mismatch with unknown consequences. Here I show that private benefits from land can be quantified at large scales and high resolutions, and that doing so can have important implications for conservation policy models. I developed high-resolution estimates of fair market value of private lands in the contiguous United States by training tree-based ensemble models on 6 million land sales. The resulting estimates predict conservation cost with up to 8.5 times greater accuracy than earlier proxies. Studies using coarser cost proxies underestimate conservation costs, especially at the expensive tail of the distribution. This has led to underestimations of policy budgets by factors of up to 37.5 in recent work. More accurate cost accounting will help policy makers acknowledge the full magnitude of contemporary conservation challenges and can help improve the targeting of public ecosystem service investments.

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Simons, Robert A. "How Many Urban Brownfields are Out There?: An Economic Base Contraction Analysis of 31 U.S. Cities." Public Works Management & Policy 2, no. 3 (January 1998): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087724x9800200310.

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How many brownfield sites are there in the United States? Although numerous federal and state lists of contaminated lands are known—totaling more than 380,000 sites—there is no comprehensive estimate of unlisted or total brownfield sites. This article uses economic base contraction analysis to provide an estimate of the number and acreage of brownfield sites, by type and as a percentage of the land, in 31 large cities in the United States. This approach recognizes that brownfields are the outcome of years of decline in central-city manufacturing, trade, transportation, and residential uses. Using a moderately restrictive definition of brownfield, there are an estimated 75,000 formerly industrial brownfield sites in these U.S. central cities, on 93,000 acres. This is about 5% of the land area in these communities. Another 20,000 acres are present in these same cities in the form of residential brownfields. These findings imply that the overall number of nonresidential brownfields sites in the United States is at least 500,000 to 600,000 or more.

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ALLEN, DAVID. "THE PEACE CORPS IN US FOREIGN RELATIONS AND CHURCH–STATE POLITICS." Historical Journal 58, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 245–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x14000363.

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AbstractThis article uses new archival evidence and the growing literature on religion and the foreign relations of the United States to reinterpret the Peace Corps. The religious revival of the 1950s continued into the 1960s, and the Kennedy administration saw ‘spiritual values’ as part of the national interest. Church–state politics and Kennedy's public conception of the role of religion in foreign relations dictated that this aspect of the cold war would change in form. The Peace Corps should, in part, be seen as a continuation of the religious cold war, one that drew on the precedents of missionary and church-service organizations. The Corps was a counterpart to church groups working abroad, and hoped to subcontract much of its work to them. Kennedy hoped to work with religious groups in ecumenical fashion. As Catholic organizations were most visibly interested in receiving Corps funds, funding church groups proved politically unworkable, leading to church–state arguments that Kennedy wanted to avoid. The Kennedy administration struggled to separate the secular and the sacred, as confused definitions of ‘religion’ and a tough constitutional stance narrowed policy options. The Peace Corps fight shaped, and was shaped by, contemporary debates over church and state.

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Outcalt, Kenneth W., and Dale D. Wade. "Fuels Management Reduces Tree Mortality from Wildfires In Southeastern United States." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 28, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/28.1.28.

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Abstract The objective was to determine the effectiveness of a regular prescribed burning program for reducing tree mortality in southern pine forests burned by wildfire. This study was conducted on public and industry lands in northeast Florida. On the Osceola National Forest, mean mortality was 35% in natural stands and 43% in plantations two growing seasons after a June 1998 wildfire. Burn history significantly affected mortality with those stands prescribe-burned 1.5 yr prior to the wildfire having the lowest mortality, while stands prescribe-burned 2 or more years prior had higher mortality. Although significant tree mortality did occur on the Osceola National Forest, with all trees killed in some stands, many trees in other burned stands did survive. The overall mortality was lower in both plantations and natural stands on the Osceola than at Tiger Bay where prescribed burning had been less frequent. The highest mortality rates occurred on the Lake Butler Forest where prescribed burning had not been used since plantation establishment. Thus, a regular prescribed burning program will reduce mortality following wildfires in both natural and planted stands of southern pines on flatwoods sites, even when wildfires occur under severe drought conditions. South. J. Appl. For. 28(1):28–34.

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Cherry, Sabrina T., Randall R. Cottrell, and Kerry Whipple. "Evolution of a Stand-Alone Undergraduate Public Health Program and the Inclusion of a Peace Corps Prep Certificate Program." Pedagogy in Health Promotion 5, no. 4 (February 17, 2019): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2373379918824978.

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For over a decade there has been a growing interest in undergraduate public health degree programs and global health careers. To this end, colleges and universities across the United States are training undergraduate students to meet these demands. In 2014, the Council on Education for Public Health began to accredit stand-alone, undergraduate public health programs. This article highlights the steps followed by one university to obtain Council accreditation. Additionally, the authors describe how the university’s Peace Corps Prep Certificate Program has been intertwined with the Public Health Studies curriculum to offer public health students a unique opportunity to fulfill both degree and program requirements, while receiving specialized training in global health.

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Jarvela, Stephen, Kevin Boyd, and Robert Gadinski. "TRANGUCH GASOLINE SITE CASE HISTORY." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (April 1, 2003): 637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-637.

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ABSTRACT A team, consisting of the United States Environmental Protection Agency; Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection; Pennsylvania Department of Health; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; United States Coast Guard and United States Army Corps of Engineers, has completed major steps to provide a safe and healthy environment for the residents of Laurel Gardens, Hazleton, PA. What started as a simple underground gasoline leak took on more serious dimensions when gasoline vapors were found in nearby homes. The investigation and mitigation expanded to include over 400 properties. The remediation consists of a ground water treatment system and a soil vapor extraction system. This paper and its presenters look at the critical aspects of this case as the investigation went from subsurface soil and ground water contamination impacting surface water to the contamination of indoor air. It examines the impact of preferential pathways that include sanitary and storm sewers as well as a 19th century abandoned coal mine. In addition to the technical aspects, this examination looks at the public health and community issues that have surrounded this case.

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Villarreal, Miguel L., Sandra L. Haire, Juan Carlos Bravo, and Laura M. Norman. "A Mosaic of Land Tenure and Ownership Creates Challenges and Opportunities for Transboundary Conservation in the US-Mexico Borderlands." Case Studies in the Environment 3, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2019.002113.

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In the Madrean Sky Islands of western North America, a mixture of public and private land ownership and tenure creates a complex situation for collaborative efforts in conservation. In this case study, we describe the current ownership and management structures in the US-Mexico borderlands where social, political, and economic conditions create extreme pressures on the environment and challenges for conservation. On the United States side of the border, sky island mountain ranges are almost entirely publicly owned and managed by federal, state, and tribal organizations that manage and monitor species, habitats, and disturbances including fire. In contrast, public lands are scarce in the adjacent mountain ranges of Mexico, rather, a unique system of private parcels and communal lands makes up most of Mexico’s Natural Protected Areas. Several of the Protected Area reserves in Mexico form a matrix that serves to connect scattered habitats for jaguars dispersing northward toward public and private reserves in the United States from their northernmost breeding areas in Mexico. Despite the administrative or jurisdictional boundaries superimposed upon the landscape, we identify two unifying management themes that encourage collaborative management of transboundary landscape processes and habitat connectivity: jaguar conservation and wildfire management. This case study promotes understanding of conservation challenges as they are perceived and managed in a diversity of settings across the US-Mexico borderlands. Ultimately, recognizing the unique and important contributions of people living and working under different systems of land ownership and tenure will open doors for partnerships in achieving common goals. Una versión en español de este artículo está disponible como descarga.

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Journal articles on the topic 'United States. Public Lands Corps'

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