Relevant bibliographies by topics / United States - West - General

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'United States - West - General'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "United States - West - General"

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Tanne, J. H. "West Nile virus spreads in United States." BMJ 325, no. 7362 (August 31, 2002): 460b—460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.325.7362.460/b.

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Johnson, Richard T., and David N. Irani. "West Nile virus encephalitis in the United States." Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 2, no. 6 (December 2002): 496–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11910-002-0035-0.

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Rustam, Ismah, Alwafi Ridho Subarkah, and Lalu Puttrawandi Karjaya. "Paradiplomacy of West Nusa Tenggara Province in Achieving Net-Zero Emission." Intermestic: Journal of International Studies 8, no. 2 (June 4, 2024): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/intermestic.v8n2.8.

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This study aims to determine the role of the sub-state in International Relations, namely West Nusa Tenggara (West Nusa Tenggara, NTB), which participated in the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP-26) in Glasgow to reduce carbon emissions or achieve Net Zero Emission (NZE). This research used a conceptual approach that is para-diplomacy and environmental diplomacy. This analysis used a qualitative research method with five stages: data collection, data reduction, data presentation in the form of narratives, graphs, and tables, and the final stage is writing conclusions. This study indicates that sub-states can carry out diplomacy in overcoming global climate problems, West Nusa Tenggara which participated in the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP-26) in Glasgow, was able to have its charm with several countries such as England, Sweden, Denmark, and the United States because NTB is seen to have the potential to develop renewable energy; moreover, it already has Provincial Regulation concerning the General Plan of Regional Energy to achieve the Net Zero Emission and it is in line with the objectives of the COP-26.
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Roayaei, Abbas J. "Hyperinflation in the United States, West Germany, and France." Atlantic Economic Journal 15, no. 4 (December 1987): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02304212.

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Reisen, William K., and Sarah S. Wheeler. "Overwintering of West Nile Virus in the United States." Journal of Medical Entomology 56, no. 6 (September 24, 2019): 1498–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz070.

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Abstract The establishment of a tropical virus such as West Nile (WNV; Flaviviridae: Flavivirus) within the temperate latitudes of the continental United States was unexpected and perhaps contingent, in part, upon the ability of this invasive virus to persist during winter when temperatures become too cold for replication and vector mosquito gonotrophic activity. Our Forum article reviews research examining possible overwintering mechanisms that include consistent reintroduction and local persistence in vector mosquitoes and avian hosts, mostly using examples from research conducted in California. We conclude that the transmission of WNV involves so many vectors and hosts within different landscapes that multiple overwintering pathways are possible and collectively may be necessary to allow this virus to overwinter consistently within the United States.
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Mo, Kingtse C., Lindsey N. Long, and Jae-Kyung E. Schemm. "Characteristics of Drought and Persistent Wet Spells over the United States in the Atmosphere–Land–Ocean Coupled Model Experiments." Earth Interactions 16, no. 9 (August 7, 2012): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2012ei000437.1.

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Abstract Atmosphere–land–ocean coupled model simulations are examined to diagnose the ability of models to simulate drought and persistent wet spells over the United States. A total of seven models are selected for this study. They are three versions of the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) coupled general circulation model (CGCM) with a T382, T126, and T62 horizontal resolution; GFDL Climate Model version 2.0 (CM2.0); GFDL CM2.1; Max Planck Institute (MPI) ECHAM5; and third climate configuration of the Met Office Unified Model (HadCM3) simulations from the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) experiments. Over the United States, drought and persistent wet spells are more likely to occur over the western interior region, while extreme events are less likely to persist over the eastern United States and the West Coast. For meteorological drought, which is defined by precipitation (P) deficit, the east–west contrast is well simulated by the CFS T382 and the T126 models. The HadCM3 captures the pattern but not the magnitudes of the frequency of occurrence of persistent extreme events. For agricultural drought, which is defined by soil moisture (SM) deficit, the CFS T382, CFS T126, MPI ECHAM5, and HadCM3 models capture the east–west contrast. The models that capture the west–east contrast also have a realistic P climatology and seasonal cycle. ENSO is the dominant mode that modulates P over the United States. A model needs to have the ENSO mode and capture the mean P responses to ENSO in order to simulate realistic drought. To simulate realistic agricultural drought, the model needs to capture the persistence of SM anomalies over the western region.
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El Khalfi, Mohamad Amine. "AGREEMENT ON THE JOINT COMPREHENSIVE PLAN OF ACTION (JCPOA) BETWEEN IRAN AND THE UNITED STATES." Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 7, no. 2 (August 30, 2020): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v7i2.11296.

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Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is the result of diplomatic negotiations reached by the United States, Britain, France, Russia, China, Germany and Iran in 2015 regarding the Iran Nuclear Agreement. The emergence of this agreement was due to Iran's actions abusing its nuclear development to serve as a weapon of mass destruction in 2011. In response to this, Western countries imposed economic sanctions on Iran in the hope of weakening Iran's position so that it does not have the ability to continue its nuclear weapons program. In fact, these sanctions succeeded in weakening the Iranian economy but were not politically effective enough because the Iranian government remained strong, this led to Iran being still involved in various conflicts in the region and still insisting on developing its uranium enrichment. Iran's tough stance made Western countries choose to bring Iran into the negotiations by making offers that could attract Iran's attention. During the Obama administration, the United States succeeded in bringing Iran into the negotiations. An achievement when the United States together with Britain, France, Russia, China, and Germany succeeded in getting Iran to agree to stop developing its nuclear weapons in exchange for the lifting of sanctions from the West. However, when the Donald Trump administration tensions began to re-emerge with the assassination of one of Iran's war generals that took place in 2020. The United States succeeded in bringing Iran into the talks. An achievement when the United States together with Britain, France, Russia, China, and Germany succeeded in getting Iran to agree to stop developing its nuclear weapons in exchange for the lifting of sanctions from the West. However, when the Donald Trump administration tensions began to re-emerge with the assassination of one of Iran's war generals that took place in 2020. The United States succeeded in bringing Iran into the negotiations. An achievement when the United States together with Britain, France, Russia, China, and Germany succeeded in getting Iran to agree to stop developing its nuclear weapons in exchange for the lifting of sanctions from the West. However, when the Donald Trump administration tensions began to re-emerge with the assassination of one of Iran's war generals that took place in 2020.
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Tusting, Paul. "West German Single Action Army-inspired Revolvers in the United States." Armax: The Journal of Contemporary Arms VIII, no. 2 (January 31, 2023): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52357/armax67209.

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After the Second World War, the proliferation of western movies and television shows in the United States drove substantial demand for revolvers styled after the Colt Single Action Army. While domestic companies such as Ruger, Great Western, and Colt themselves provided products to fulfil this demand, there were market opportunities for imported revolvers as well. Today, Italy dominates the U.S. consumer market for imported historical replica firearms, but at one time West Germany—with its still-recovering post-war economy—was a substantial source of inexpensive single-action revolvers. Despite their prevalence, very little has been published on these revolvers. To date, five West German firearms companies have been identified as producing these revolvers for the U.S. consumer market. Prior to the Gun Control Act of 1968, there were limited product marking requirements, which, combined with these revolvers being imported under a wide range of brands, can make identification challenging. This article provides an overview of the broader post-Second World War U.S. market for Colt Single Action replicas, provides a summary of each of the five key West German manufacturers, and presents a straightforward identification schema allowing the reader to differentiate between common makes and models.
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Terzi, Alexandra. "D. Biden's foreign policy doctrine and its implementation." nauka.me, no. 2 (2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s241328880022579-0.

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The US change in the White House in 2021 has led to a new foreign policy doctrine, which significantly influenced trends in international relations. The Biden administration's stated struggle between democracy and autocracy characterized the West's geopolitical rivalry with Russia and China, which has taken the form of a developing confrontation around the Russian-Ukrainian crisis. In practice, the United States is now unable to defeat its opponents, the sanctions imposed by them and their allies do not allow them to fulfill the task of embodying a democratic world order. Due to the interconnectedness of economics in the era of globalization, the main European partners of the United States are struggling with the energy crisis, which makes it impossible to concentrate on solving transnational problems, also stated in the doctrine. At this stage, the United States is not able to translate its rhetoric into real political decisions and achieve its goals.
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Kim, Soo Yeon, and Bruce Russett. "The new politics of voting alignments in the United Nations General Assembly." International Organization 50, no. 4 (1996): 629–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300033531.

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Voting patterns in the United National General Assembly provide an exceptionally good set of evidence for observing issues and alignments of states in international politics. We analyze those patterns in three post-cold war sessions of the General Assembly and compare them with the alignments and issues that characterized sessions during the cold war. We find new groups and alignments (with most of Eastern Europe now voting with rather than against West European positions) and a new prominence of long-term North-South issues as they now relate to questions of redefining “human security” in the post-cold war world. The predominant General Assembly division is between richer and poorer nations. Key correlates of voting with the North are wealth, democracy, and proportionately low levels of trade with the United States.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "United States - West - General"

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Trafford, Emily. "'Where the races meet' : racial framing through live display at the American West Coast World's Fairs, 1894-1916." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2045419/.

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This thesis examines the live exhibition of Native American, Chinese, Japanese, Alaskan, Hawaiian, Samoan, and Filipino people on the midways of five West Coast world’s fairs (San Francisco, 1894; Portland, 1905; Seattle, 1909; San Francisco, 1915; San Diego, 1915-1916). I situate the world’s fairs as significant sites of racialisation at a time of intense westward expansion, and recognise the West Coast as a key location at which various processes of expansion occurred, and at which the human relationships associated with these processes were negotiated. Foregrounding conflicting and interrelated concerns about continental expansion, immigration, trade, empire, and international diplomacy, and featuring the voices and practices of anthropologists, politicians, foreign dignitaries, colonial elites, local non-white residents, fair visitors, and the performers themselves, I examine how various race-making agents framed the populations as inferior, non-white Others. Adapting various existing images of these disparate foreign and domestic populations, exposition exhibitors and mediators used a number of exhibitionary techniques and racialisation strategies to visualise America’s newly international and Pacifically-oriented racial hierarchy. Sharing modes of exhibition and racial narratives between the ‘ethnic villages’ on the midway, these exposition actors and race-making agents contributed to the emergence of an explicitly comparative form of racial ordering that situated the ‘red’, ‘yellow’, and ‘brown’ races within the imagined household of the American Pacific. This thesis demonstrates how exposition midways helped to solidify notions of racial difference by providing legible and comparative spectacles of non-whiteness, and by inculcating white visitors with skills of racial identification and hierarchisation. I argue that by operating within and contributing towards an overarching framework of white supremacy, the world’s fairs scripted a flexible form of superior whiteness that allowed visitors to negotiate the rapid changes in local, national, and international racial dynamics. Analysing the vast and under-utilised exposition archive, alongside photographs, souvenirs, newspapers, and concomitant racialising texts, and synthesising the methods and literatures of race and exhibition, this thesis contributes to the growing literature on the broad significance of racial formation on America’s West Coast, by building a critical and comparative examination of this racialisation site.
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Super, Joseph F. "The Rail and the Cross in West Virginia Timber Country| Rethinking Religion in the Appalachian Mountains." Thesis, West Virginia University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3672976.

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West Virginia underwent significant changes in the four decades between 1880 and 1920. The Gilded Age and the Progressive Era witnessed political, social, cultural, and economic upheavals as industrialists looked to exploit natural resources and propel the Mountain State into a position of leadership in a modern national economy. Railroads opened up the remote interior counties, paving the way for the oil, coal, and timber industries. The West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway, under the direction of Henry Gassaway Davis, scaled the highest peaks of the Allegheny Mountains. Davis and his business associates quickly took control of the timber and coal reserves in the mountain counties. Local elites allied themselves with larger capitalists, forming partnerships which enabled outsiders to dominate local political and economic life throughout the period.

Religious transformations characterized the period as well. Nation-wide, Protestant missionaries moved into the South, seeking to evangelize, educate, and uplift whites and blacks. Northern churches paid particular attention to the mountain South. However, West Virginia received significantly less money and manpower from national denominations than the other states in Appalachia. State and local religious organizations stepped in and ensured that the rapidly in-creasing population of the state would not go unreached. They used the railroad to their ad-vantage as well.

Methodists, Baptists, and Presbyterians, the three largest Protestant groups in the country and in West Virginia, led the way. All three already had some presence in the mountains, and denominational networks ensured that these mountain churches had some ties to mainline Christianity. Missionaries working in the most remote regions reinforced traditional doctrine and practice while strengthening denominational ties. Churches attracted people of all social ranks, although Methodists and Baptists offered more opportunities for working class members. While the secular affairs of mountain communities and counties remained firmly in control of industrialists and their local affiliates, the sacred sphere remained open for all.

At the same time, churches across the state joined in increasingly loud calls for moral re-form, particularly for new Sabbath and temperance laws. Thus, Protestant churches across the state reflected a mainline yet conservative doctrinal outlook that emphasized denominational distinctives while championing a unified, broadly Protestant culture for the creation of sought-after Christian America. Industrialists such as Henry Gassaway Davis shared the vision of a Christian America and favored many of the same moral reforms. They worked together with churches to achieve common goals. However, despite the autonomy of the sacred sphere, the secular sphere had become dominant in the Alleghenies, in West Virginia, and in the United States. Thus, when the goals conflicted, as in the case of Sabbath reform, the secular usually won, thus further weakening and isolating the sacred.

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Maddra, Sam Ann. "'Hostiles' : the Lakota Ghost Dance and the 1891-92 tour of Britain by Buffalo Bill's Wild West." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3973/.

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This dissertation concentrates on both the Lakota Ghost Dance of 1890 and on Buffalo Bill’s Wild West from 1890 through to 1892, exploring the nature, the significance and the consequence of their interaction at this particularly crucial time in American Indian history. The association of William F. Cody’s Wild West with the Lakota Ghost Dance has produced evidence that offers a new insight into the religion in South Dakota. Further, it questions the traditional portrayal of the Lakota Ghost Dance, which maintains that the leaders ‘perverted’ Wovoka’s doctrine of peace into one of war. It is clear that his traditional interpretation has been based upon primary source material derived from the testimony of those who had actively worked to suppress the religion. In contrast sources narrated by Short Bull, a prominent Lakota Ghost Dancer, demonstrate that it has been a peaceful religion combining white religion and culture with traditional Lakota ones, and as such was an example of Lakota accommodation. At the same time as the Ghost Dance was sweeping across the western Indian reservations, Buffalo Bill’s Wild West faced a crisis over its continued success. When William F. Cody and his Wild West’s Indian performers were forced to return from their tour of Continental Europe to refute charges of mistreatment and neglect, they became involved in the suppression of the Lakota ghost Dance. In consequence those Ghost Dancers removed and confined to fort Sheridan, Illinois were then released into Cody’s custody. Ironically, the closest these Ghost Dancers got to armed rebellion was when they played the role of ‘Hostiles’ in the Wile West’s arena. This research reveals some of the different forms of accommodation employed by the Lakota to deal with the demands of the dominant society at the close of the nineteenth century. The Ghost Dance and the Wild West shows presented the Lakota with various alternatives to the dependency that the government’s Indian policy had brought about, while also enabling them to retain their Indian identity. As such Indian policymakers viewed both the Ghost Dance and the Wild West shows to be a threat to their programmes of assimilation, which they perceived to be the Indians only route towards independence.
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Reiners, Derek S. "Institutional effects on decision-making and performance in public land agencies the case of wildfire in the Interior West of the United States /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3206872.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Political Science, 2006.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-01, Section: A, page: 0324. Adviser: Elinor Ostrom. "Title from dissertation home page (viewed on Feb. 8, 2007)."
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Real, Pirmin. "Cleavages and Coalitions in the United Nations General Assembly after the Cold War From Blocs to Varying Geometries? A Spatial Analysis of Legislative Behaviour of UN Member States /." St. Gallen, 2007. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01653294002/$FILE/01653294002.pdf.

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Camp, Joe Harden. "Birch rod to arsenal : a study of the Naval Ordnance Plant at South Charleston, West Virginia and the search for a government industrial policy /." VIEW WEB VERSION, 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2359.

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Sobieralski, Joseph Bernard. "TAXATION OF UNITED STATES GENERAL AVIATION." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/502.

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General aviation in the United States has been an important part of the economy and American life. General aviation is defined as all flying excluding military and scheduled airline operations, and is utilized in many areas of our society. The majority of aircraft operations and airports in the United States are categorized as general aviation, and general aviation contributes more than one percent to the United States gross domestic product each year. Despite the many benefits of general aviation, the lead emissions from aviation gasoline consumption are of great concern. General aviation emits over half the lead emissions in the United States or over 630 tons in 2005. The other significant negative externality attributed to general aviation usage is aircraft accidents. General aviation accidents have caused over 8000 fatalities over the period 1994 - 2006. A recent Federal Aviation Administration proposed increase in the aviation gasoline tax from 19.4 to 70.1 cents per gallon has renewed interest in better understanding the implications of such a tax increase as well as the possible optimal rate of taxation. Few studies have examined aviation fuel elasticities and all have failed to study general aviation fuel elasticities. Chapter one fills that gap and examines the elasticity of aviation gasoline consumption in United States general aviation. Utilizing aggregate time series and dynamic panel data, the price and income elasticities of demand are estimated. The price elasticity of demand for aviation gasoline is estimated to range from -0.093 to -0.185 in the short-run and from -0.132 to -0.303 in the long-run. These results prove to be similar in magnitude to automobile gasoline elasticities and therefore tax policies could more closely mirror those of automobile tax policies. The second chapter examines the costs associated with general aviation accidents. Given the large number of general aviation operations as well as the large number of fatalities and injuries attributed to general aviation accidents in the United States, understanding the costs to society is of great importance. This chapter estimates the direct and indirect costs associated with general aviation accidents in the United States. The indirect costs are estimated via the human capital approach in addition to the willingness-to-pay approach. The average annual accident costs attributed to general aviation are found to be $2.32 billion and $3.81 billion (2006 US$) utilizing the human capital approach and willingness-to-pay approach, respectively. These values appear to be fairly robust when subjected to a sensitivity analysis. These costs highlight the large societal benefits from accident and fatality reduction. The final chapter derives a second-best optimal aviation gasoline tax developed from previous general equilibrium frameworks. This optimal tax reflects both the lead pollution and accident externalities, as well as the balance between excise taxes and labor taxes to finance government spending. The calculated optimal tax rate is $4.07 per gallon, which is over 20 times greater than the current tax rate and 5 times greater than the Federal Aviation Administration proposed tax rate. The calculated optimal tax rate is also over 3 times greater than automobile gasoline optimal tax rates calculated by previous studies. The Pigovian component is $1.36, and we observe that the accident externality is taxed more severely than the pollution externality. The largest component of the optimal tax rate is the Ramsey component. At $2.70, the Ramsey component reflects the ability of the government to raise revenue aviation gasoline which is price inelastic. The calculated optimal tax is estimated to reduce lead emissions by over 10 percent and reduce accidents by 20 percent. Although unlikely to be adopted by policy makers, the optimal tax benefits are apparent and it sheds light on the need to reduce these negative externalities via policy changes.
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Udezulu, Ifeyinwa E. "Imperialism or realism: United States and West Africa." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1988. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1339.

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The purpose of the thesis is to utilize the realist-neorealist paradigm to analyze the United States policy objectives in West Africa, comparably to other African regions. The basic premise of the realist paradigm purports that states are unitary actors and they act to protect their national interest. Through a critical analysis of secondary data, my findings clearly point to the fact that the former colonial powers, Britain and France are the major actors in West Africa not the United States. The United States policy strategy centers solely on the crisis areas of other regions, the Horn, Central Africa and Southern Africa. This is because of the power struggle between the super powers and because these areas are endowed with vast mineral resources. The Nigerian oil and Chadian conflict with Libya are the only two areas of U.S. interest in West Africa.
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Velten, Hans R. "The United States and West German rearmament 1950-1955 /." View online, 1985. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211998796245.pdf.

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Nwaubani, Chidiebere Augustus. "The United States and decolonization in West Africa, 1950-1960." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ27802.pdf.

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Books on the topic "United States - West - General"

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Markey, Michael A. Jake: The general from West York Avenue. York, Pa: Historical Society of York County, 1998.

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Thompson, Jerry D. Henry Hopkins Sibley: Confederate general of the West. Natchitoches, La: Northwestern State University Press, 1987.

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Thybony, Scott. Grand Canyon trail guide: Havasu. Grand Canyon, Ariz: Grand Canyon Natural History Association, 1989.

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P, Craighill Wm. Duty, honor, country: The diary and biography of General William P. Craighill : cadet at West Point, 1849-1853. Lynchburg, Va: Warwick House Pub., 1993.

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Thomsen, H. Skip. Affordable paradise: The secrets of an affordable life in Hawaii. 3rd ed. Portland, OR: Oregon Wordworks, 2005.

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Brenner, Jan. Here comes the guide: Northern California. Berkeley, CA: Hopscotch Press, 2007.

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Stephanie, Bell, and Janda Elizabeth, eds. The best places to kiss in the Northwest (and the Canadian southwest): A romantic travel guide. 5th ed. Seattle, Wash: Beginning Press, 1995.

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Nicko, Goncharoff, and Bernhardson Wayne, eds. Rocky Mountains. 2nd ed. Melbourne: Lonely Planet Publications, 1999.

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Tucker, Phillip Thomas. The forgotten "Stonewall of the West": Major General John Stevens Bowen. Macon, Ga: Mercer University Press, 1997.

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Jack, Cummings. Rebels west. New York: Windsor Publishing, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "United States - West - General"

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Warziniack, Travis, Robert G. Haight, Denys Yemshanov, Jenny L. Apriesnig, Thomas P. Holmes, Amanda M. Countryman, John D. Rothlisberger, and Christopher Haberland. "Economics of Invasive Species." In Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States, 305–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_14.

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AbstractWhile the subset of introduced species that become invasive is small, the damages caused by that subset and the costs of controlling them can be substantial. This chapter takes an in-depth look at the economic damages non-native species cause, methods economists often use to measure those damages, and tools used to assess invasive species policies. Ecological damages are covered in other chapters of this book. To put the problem in perspective, Federal agencies reported spending more than half a billion dollars per year in 1999 and 2000 for activities related to invasive species ($513.9 million in 1999 and $631.5 million in 2000 (U.S. GAO 2000)). Approximately half of these expenses were spent on prevention. Several states also spend considerable resources on managing non-native species; for example, Florida spent $127.6 million on invasive species activities in 2000 (U.S. GAO 2000), and the Great Lakes states spend about $20 million each year to control sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) (Kinnunen 2015). Costs to government may not be the same as actual damages, which generally fall disproportionately on a few economic sectors and households. For example, the impact of the 2002 outbreak of West Nile virus exceeded $4 million in damages to the equine industries in Colorado and Nebraska alone (USDA APHIS 2003) and more than $20 million in public health damages in Louisiana (Zohrabian et al. 2004). Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) cause $300–$500 million annually in damages to power plants, water systems, and industrial water intakes in the Great Lakes region (Great Lakes Commission 2012) and are expected to cause $64 million annually in damages should they or quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) spread to the Columbia River basin (Warziniack et al. 2011).
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Ceccarelli, Giovanni. "Risky Narratives: Framing General Average into Risk-Management Strategies (Thirteenth–Sixteenth Centuries)." In General Average and Risk Management in Medieval and Early Modern Maritime Business, 61–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04118-1_3.

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AbstractOver the last few years, historians have extensively investigated on the role of risk in the history of finance, and the development of risk-management techniques in the United States since the late nineteenth century. Well-established approaches that considered such innovations beneficial in themselves have been questioned, by pointing out the consequences of the pervasive spread of financial tools designed to mitigate risks. It appears, rather, that a socially uneven distribution of risk went along with the financial efficiency brought by these novelties, whose legitimacy rested on narratives identifying individual freedom with the taking of risks. This essay explores the possibility that something similar might have occurred in early modern Europe, when marine insurance provided an alternative to contracts previously used to mitigate the risks connected to sea trade. It also aims at discussing whether the spread of specialized insurance markets, beginning in the sixteenth century, brought to a substantial shift in the distribution of these types of risks from a restricted trading group to a broader social base.
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Müller, Christoph Hendrik. "Vergangenheitsbewältigung at the Expense of the United States." In West Germans Against The West, 22–61. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230251410_2.

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Sanctuary, Gerald. "United States of America—General." In Marriage Under Stress, 127–59. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003383277-8.

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Tausch, Arno. "The Empirical Results of Our Empirical Study." In Political Islam and Religiously Motivated Political Extremism, 45–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24854-2_5.

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AbstractThe study clearly shows that identification with Turkey and Iran, with a political Islam that also influences elections and results in a theocracy, promotes religious and gender discrimination and advocates an Islamist interpretation of Islam, are very much the most important, interrelated syndromes of political Islam, which together explain more than 50% of the total variance of the 24 model variables used. If the states of Europe want to win the fight against jihadism, they must work closely with the moderate Arab states, such as Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and other Arab Gulf states, and be aware that, on a population-weighted basis, 41% of all Arabs now view the Muslim Brotherhood, which is the strongest and most coherent force in political Islam today, negatively or very negatively. According to the data brought to light here, only 7% of people in the Arab world now have a high level of trust in their country's Islamist movement, while 14% have some trust, 19% have little trust, but 60% have no trust. Our overall index—Overcoming political Islam shows that Morocco and Tunisia are the top performers, while Iraq and Sudan bring up the rear. Following an important study by Falco and Rotondi (2016), we also explore the question of whether political Islam is more prevalent or less prevalent among the more than 20% of the Arab population who plan to emigrate in the coming years than among the population as a whole. Far from feeding alarmist horror scenarios, our evaluation shows firstly that Falco and Rotondi (2016) are correct in their thesis that among potential migrants to the West, political Islam is certainly less pronounced than among the Arab population as a whole. On a population-weighted basis, only 13.11% of potential migrants to the West openly state that they trust the country-specific Islamist movement. In the second part of our empirical evaluations, we explore religiously motivated political extremism (RMPE) by international comparison on the basis of the following items of the World Values Survey, which are sparse but nevertheless available on this topic: The proportion of the global population who favour religious authorities in interpreting the law while accepting political violence is alarmingly high in various parts of the world and is raising fears of numerous conflicts in the coming years in an increasingly unstable world system. It amounts to more than half of the adult population in Tajikistan (the international record holder), and Malaysia and some non-Muslim-majority countries. In many countries, including NATO and EU member states, it is an alarming 25–50%, and we mention here the Muslim-majority countries Iraq, Lebanon, Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, Nigeria and Indonesia. It is 15–25% even in core countries of the Western security architecture, but also in the Muslim-majority countries: Pakistan, Iran and Tunisia. Only in the best-ranked countries, among them the Muslim-majority countries Albania, Egypt, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan and Jordan, the potentially fatal combination of mixing religion and law and accepting political violence has a relatively small following of less than 15%. In the sense of the theses of the late Harvard economist Alberto Alesina (1957–2020), social trust is an essential general production factor of any social order, and the institutions of national security of the democratic West would do well to make good use of this capital of trust that also exists among Muslims living in the West.
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Mercier, Stephanie A., and Steve A. Halbrook. "Opening Up the American West." In Agricultural Policy of the United States, 37–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36452-6_4.

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Fraser, James W. "Schooling Moves West, 1835–1860." In The School in the United States, 60–75. 4th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429196898-4.

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Vidino, Lorenzo, and Seamus Hughes. "Jihadist Terrorism in the United States." In Islam and Security in the West, 59–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67925-5_4.

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Hansbury, Paul. "The West Reacts." In Belarus in Crisis, 223–46. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197747704.003.0010.

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Abstract This chapter evaluates the response of Western states to the situation in Belarus after the 2020 election. It argues that, if the primary goal was to rid Belarus of Alyaksandr Lukashenka, then Western states in 2020 could have pursued an agreement with Russia whose leaders appeared ambivalent about the incumbent in Minsk. Instead, the European Union and the United States responded to repressions of civil society and human rights abuses in Belarus with several rounds of sanctions on the country. The chapter argues that sanctions have generally been an unsuccessful tool in changing regime behavior, pointing to the unwillingness of sanctioning states to bring economic harm on themselves. The chapter also discusses the 2021 migrant crisis on the Belarus–EU border, and Western states’ endorsement of Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya as a leader-in-exile of Belarus.
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Davidson, Phillip B. "William Childs Westmoreland :The Inevitable General." In Vietnam At War, 369–86. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195067927.003.0015.

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Abstract To understand America’s involvement in Vietnam, one must know some thing of the principal architects of that involvement. The character and personalities of President Lyndon B. Johnson, Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara, and Secretary of State Dean Rusk have been thoroughly dissected and documented. Not nearly as much is known, however, about the military architects of American policy and strategy in the Vietnam War: such men as the chairman of the United States Joint Chiefs of Staff, Gen. Earle G. (“Bus”) Wheeler; the commander in chief, Pacific, Adm. Ulysses S. Grant (“Oley”) Sharp; and perhaps most important of all, the two United States commanders in Vietnam, Gen. William C. (“Westy”) Westmoreland, and his successor, Gen. Creighton W. (“Abe”) Abrams.
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Conference papers on the topic "United States - West - General"

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Wong, Kau-Fui V., Thomas Hutley, and Emma Salgado. "Offshore Wind Power and its Potential for Development in the West Wind Drift." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39825.

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Offshore wind power is an emerging technology capable of providing coastal cities, states, and countries with a substantial portion of their energy needs. The vast potential of offshore wind power has not been fully explored. This work endeavors to perform a review of the literature on offshore wind power. Structural, economic, and environmental aspects are discussed keeping in mind the current status of offshore wind power development around the world. Offshore wind power is a relatively new technology being used by countries such as Denmark, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, and China to provide larger and larger portions of their total energy needs. In 1991 Denmark opened its first commercial offshore wind farm in Vindeby producing a mere 4.95 MW of power. More ambitious projects followed and in 2001 the Middelgrunden, Copenhagen wind farm opened producing 40 MW of power. Then in 2000 the Horns Rev wind farm was put online producing 160 MW of power. The United Kingdom has many offshore wind power projects as well. The Blyth Offshore was opened in 2000 and produces 3.8 MW of power and several others in the United Kingdom produce anywhere from 10 to 90 MW of power. By 2007 end, Denmark had 402 MW and the UK had 395 MW, Ireland, Sweden and the Netherlands had varying amounts. Countries such as China and Germany are also leaders in the development of offshore wind power. In the United States, commercial offshore wind projects had a late start. The first operational offshore wind farms opened in 2007. However, the United States does not lag behind in wind power. In 2008 the United States produced more megawatt of wind power than any other country, making them the leader of wind power production. Offshore wind, however, only constitutes a tiny portion of the total wind power production of the United States. Recent advancements in the technology associated with wind power as a renewable energy source have made it a feasible form of climate change mitigation. Recent development has led countries such as Denmark, Portugal, and Spain to devote as much as 19% of their total energy production to wind power as of 2008, and is encouraging many other developed countries to do the same. This paper performs a review of the status of offshore wind projects internationally. It considers specifically the potential of the West Wind Drift near the southernmost tip of South America and the Antarctic Peninsula as a geographically and meteorologically advantageous location for the implementation of these wind technologies. Many of the more general problems associated with the use of wind turbines are eliminated by location alone. The winds that cause the Antarctic Circumpolar Currents (ACC) have a consistent west to east pattern and are some of the strongest winds on Earth, both ideal qualities when considering the possibility of wind power, and the wind in this area has very low intermittency. The average wind speed between 40°S and 60°S is 15 to 24 knots with strongest winds typically between 45°S and 55°S. Cape Horn is about 56°S [1]. Historically, the ACC has been called the ‘West Wind Drift’ because the prevailing westerly wind and current are both eastward. Owing to the remoteness of the Cape Horn area and Antarctica, many of the social matters associated with the development of wind farms are eliminated. Obvious factors must be considered when developing in such an area. The paper will cover the engineering requirements of turbines functioning in subzero temperatures consistently as well as the long distance transmission associated with development in this area and its economic feasibility. It will also cover the environmental and regulatory issues associated with the development in such an area.
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Taurogińska-Stich, Agnieszka. "Adaptacja wstępna w systemie wyższej edukacji wojskowej na potrzeby." In Nové trendy profesijnej prípravy v Ozbrojených silách. Akadémia ozbrojených síl generála Milana Rastislava Štefánika, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52651/ntpp.b.2023.9788080406486.130-143.

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The article presents a proposal for how to form cadet competencies in the process of initial adaptation to a military academy. A simplified model of cadet initial adaptation aimed at basic leadership competencies to achieve personal development in terms of ethics and morality, building self discipline and social relations was proposed. The need to strengthen the system of education for security and defense within military departmental universities was identified. A survey of experts' opinions and a qualitative analysis of cases of competence formation of military students in the process of initial adaptation in selected land forces academies, i.e. the Polish Academy of Land Forces named after General Kosciuszko (AWL), the United States Military Academy (USMA) of West Point, the Austrian Theresian military academy i.e. Theresia Military Academy of the Federal Ministry of Defense (TM), the Greek military academy i.e. Military School "Evelpidon" (S.S.E). Only the direction of educational activities to ensure high quality command for strengthening security and defense was indicated.
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Milligan, Michael, and Kevin Porter. "Wind capacity credit in the United States." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2008.4596647.

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Hines, Paul, Jay Apt, and Sarosh Talukdar. "Trends in the history of large blackouts in the United States." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2008.4596715.

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Jelacic, Allan J., and J. L. Renner. "A perspective on the future of geothermal energy in the united states." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2008.4596951.

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Schmidt, Jason Everett. "A statistical analysis of wind power in the Eastern Interconnect of the United States." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2010.5589486.

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Heydt, G. T. "The future trends of electric power engineering education in the United States." In 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2006.1708925.

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Sun, Shufen. "Comparison on general aviation industry statistics between China and the United States." In 2011 International Conference on Computer Science and Service System (CSSS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csss.2011.5974424.

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Poch, L., M. Mahalik, Jianhui Wang, and A. Vyas. "Impacts of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on the electric power system in the western United States." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2010.5590061.

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Madaeni, S. H., R. Sioshansi, and P. Denholm. "The capacity value of solar generation in the Western United States." In 2012 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting. New Energy Horizons - Opportunities and Challenges. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm.2012.6345521.

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Reports on the topic "United States - West - General"

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Hernandez-Abrams, Darixa, Bruce Pruitt, Samantha Wiest, and S. McKay. Stormwater management practices, monitoring, and maintenance plan for US Army Garrison at West Point, NY. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46933.

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Structural stormwater management practices (SMPs) are designed and installed with the goal of reducing runoff and improving water quality through a variety of built (e.g., underground chamber and filter systems), nature-based and natural features (e.g., rain gardens, swales). In compliance with Section 402 of the US Clean Water Act (CWA), US Army Garrisons at West Point MS4 operators are required to obtain a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit or a New York State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (SPDES). These permits require development of stormwater management plans to reduce pollutants to meet the appropriate water quality standards. Over 62 structural SMPs have been installed at the US Army Garrison (USAG) to meet permit requirements. Monitoring and maintenance are essential to maintain and understand the effectiveness of these structures, track their maintenance needs, and improve their function. This document provides guidance for conducting stormwater management practice, inspection, and maintenance at the United States Army Garrison at West Point. The objectives are to inform installation managers on general SMP functions and designs, highlight key maintenance triggers affecting SMP functionality, and provide guidance on when and how to conduct inspections and maintenance actions specific to USAG SMPs and in accordance to NYS DEC.
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Mouat, David, Richard Jasoni, Judith Lancaster, Jessica Larsen, Pablo Marin, Jay Arnone, and Erin Adams. Carbon Sequestration at United States Marine Corps Installations West. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada605923.

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Mahoney-Norris, Kathleen A. Poland and the United States: A Bridge Between West and East. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada441645.

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Randolph, KaDonna C., and Mike T. Thompson. Descriptive statistics of tree crown condition in the United States Interior West. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-127.

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Randolph, KaDonna C., and Mike T. Thompson. Descriptive statistics of tree crown condition in the United States Interior West. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-127.

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Hayden, Dave. Ruminations of A North Korean General Concerning The United States National Military Strategy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432643.

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Fraser, Douglas M. Posture Statement of General Douglas M. Fraser, United States Air Force Commander, United States Southern Command, Before the 112th Congress House Armed Services Committee. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada565018.

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Mann, Diane K. Native American Historic Context for the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada467809.

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Bowen, Jr, and Stuart W. Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction. Quarterly Report and Semiannual Report to the United States Congress. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada489806.

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Pizer, William, Dallas Burtraw, Winston Harrington, Richard Newell, James Sanchirico, and Michael Toman. General and Partial Equilibrium Modeling of Sectoral Policies to Address Climate Change in the United States. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/809371.

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