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Shu Xian Tiew and Misni Misran, Shu Xian Tiew and Misni Misran. "Thermal Properties of Acylated Low Molecular Weight Chitosans." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 41, no. 2 (2019): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000733/jcsp/41.02.2019.
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Acylated low molecular weight chitosans (LChA) were prepared from nucleophilic acylation of chitosan using acid anhydrides of short and medium chain length (4 - 10) to study the response of applied heat as a function of acyl chain length. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the decomposition of LChA consisted of glucosamine and acyl-glucosamine units around 141 - 151and#176;C to 400 - 410and#176;C. Both TGA and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses indicated that the introduction of acyl groups disrupted the hydrogen bonding of chitosan, the effect was more prominent as the degree of substitution and chain length of LChA increased. Grafting of acyl chains lowered the kinematic viscosity of LChA as the disruption of hydrogen bonding led to decreased hydrodynamic volume. Field emission scanning electron micrographs showed that LChA with longer chains having larger particle size due to bigger occupancy volume of acyl chains during spray drying.
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Skoric, Dejan, Ivan Milovanovic, Jovana Dimic, and Dragana Bogicevic. "Three obstetric factors should be considered in umbilical cord blood donor selection." Vojnosanitetski pregled 77, no. 10 (2020): 1048–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp180925187s.
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Background/Aim. The umbilical cord blood (UCB) volume and hematopoietic stem cells count are used as indicators for hematopoietic potential of UBC units. These indicators are affected by a collection method and obstetric factors. It was established that birth weight and placental weight affect the volume and hematopoietic stem cells count in UCB units. The influence of other obstetric factors is less clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of obstetric factors on hematopoietic potential of UCB units. Methods. The study involved 103 consecutive UCB units collected during 2013. Relationship of UCB volume, total nucleated cells, CD34+ cells and Colony Forming Unit- Granulocyte Monocyte count with maternal and neonatal characteristics was retrospectively analyzed. Results. It was shown that birth weight, placental weight and umbilical cord length ? 31 cm significantly increased the volume of collected samples, total nucleated cells, CD34+ cells and Colony Forming Unit-Granulocyte Monocyte count. Gestational age between 38?40 weeks increased significantly all umbilical factors (volume, total nucleated cells, CD34+ cells, and Colony Forming Unit-Granulocyte Monocyte count). Gender did not have an influence on quality of UCB units except on total nucleated cells and CD34+ cells count. Other obstetric factors did not affect significantly the quality of UCB units. Conclusion. Our study confirmed that birth weight, placenta weight, length of the umbilical cord and gestational age independently influenced the UCB unit volume, and absolute count of nuclear cells and hematopoietic stem cells. Due to a positive correlation between birth weight and placental weight, only birth weight, umbilical cord length and gestational age should be standard parameters in procedure of donor selection.
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Schustik, Santiago Ariel, Fiorella Cravero, Maria Jimena Martinez, Ignacio Ponzoni, and Monica Fatima Diaz. "PolyMaS: A new software to generate high molecular weight polymer macromolecules from repeating structural units." Polimery 66, no. 5 (2021): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2021.5.2.
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The Polymer Maker SMILES-based (PolyMaS) software was used to generate linear macromolecules from the repeating structural units (SRU) of polymers without limiting their length and molar mass. The SRU input is stored in the SMILES code available on the Internet. PolyMaS makes head-tail junctions to the desired length of the macromolecule.
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Guihard-Costa, Anne-Marie, Françoise Ménez, and Anne-Lise Delezoide. "Organ Weights in Human Fetuses after Formalin Fixation: Standards by Gestational Age and Body Weight." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 5, no. 6 (2002): 559–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10024-002-0036-7.
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This study provides new standards of fetal organ weights (brain, heart, liver, pancreas, spleen, lungs, kidneys, adrenals, thymus, and thyroid) and body dimensions (crown–heel and crown–rump lengths, head circumference, and foot length). Subjects came from a large data-set including more than 4000 fetuses autopsied in fetopathology units of pediatric hospitals in Paris between 1986 and 2001. From this dataset, 673 subjects were carefully selected by exclusion of multiple pregnancies, macerated and malformed fetuses, subjects with abnormal karyotypes, and those with severe infections. Fetal age ranged from 9 to 42 gestational weeks, with a very large sample of fetuses in the first half of gestation. Each organ was weighed after fixation in formalin. The standards were computed in relation to age and body weight. The mathematical models used to fit the percentile growth curves were carefully selected for each organ or dimension. This study, based on reliable methodology, affords a whole set of accurate growth standards useful for pathologists.
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Muscinelli, Samuel P., Wulfram Gerstner, and Johanni Brea. "Exponentially Long Orbits in Hopfield Neural Networks." Neural Computation 29, no. 2 (2017): 458–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00919.
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We show that Hopfield neural networks with synchronous dynamics and asymmetric weights admit stable orbits that form sequences of maximal length. For [Formula: see text] units, these sequences have length [Formula: see text]; that is, they cover the full state space. We present a mathematical proof that maximal-length orbits exist for all [Formula: see text], and we provide a method to construct both the sequence and the weight matrix that allow its production. The orbit is relatively robust to dynamical noise, and perturbations of the optimal weights reveal other periodic orbits that are not maximal but typically still very long. We discuss how the resulting dynamics on slow time-scales can be used to generate desired output sequences.
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Narzullaeva, Nihola. "METROLOGICAL SYSTEM OF KHIVA KHANATE." JOURNAL OF LOOK TO THE PAST 23, no. 2 (2019): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9599-2019-23-12.
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The article on the basis of historical documents examines metric units that were used in the late Middle Ages in the Khiva Khanatå and the differences between the sizes of thîse units. Special attention in the study is paid to the definition of metrological units,describing the measures of length, volume, area, weight, and methods of their application in practice.
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Escobar, Gabriel J., Allen Fischer, De Kun Li, Robert Kremers, and Mary Anne Armstrong. "Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology: Validation in Three Kaiser Permanente Neonatal Intensive Care Units." Pediatrics 96, no. 5 (1995): 918–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.96.5.918.
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Background. Measurement of the severity of illness is a research area of growing importance in neonatal intensive care. Most severity of illness scales have been developed in tertiary care settings. Their applicability in community neonatal intensive care units has not been tested. Objectives. Our goal was to assess the operational characteristics of the score for neonatal acute physiology (SNAP): the relationship to birth weight, the length of total hospital stay, and in-hospital mortality. Methods. We assigned SNAP scores prospectively to all inborn admissions at three community neonatal intensive care units during an 11-month period. Data on other neonatal predictors (eg, birth weight and the presence of congenital heart disease) were also collected. We measured in-hospital mortality, the experience of interhospital transport to a higher level of care, and total hospital stay. Results. We found that the SNAP's relationship to birth weight was similar to previous reports. The SNAP's perinatal extension is a reliable predictor of newborn in-hospital mortality, with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.95. The SNAP is also a good predictor of total hospital length of stay, whether by itself (by which it can explain 31% of the total stay) or in combination with other variables. Its predictive ability is better among infants of low birth weight (<2500 g) than among those of normal birth weight (≥2500 g). The SNAP's predictive power was most limited among infants admitted to rule out sepsis. The predictive ability of a model containing birth weight, the SNAP, and transport status was not improved by the inclusion of two major diagnostic categories, the presence of congenital heart disease or complex illness. Conclusion. Although it has definite limitations among infants who weigh 2500 g or more, the SNAP is a potent tool for outcomes research. Modification of some of its parameters could result in a multifunctional scale suitable for use with all birth weights.
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Scott, W. D. "EXPOSURE TO CHILLING TEMPERATURES REDUCES GROWTH AND YIELD OF `SUPERSTAR' MUSKMELON." HortScience 29, no. 7 (1994): 734a—734. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.7.734a.
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Greenhouse and field studies were conducted using research coolers to expose 4 week old `Superstar' muskmelons, planted into 1 liter plastic containers, to chilling temperatures. Temperatures of 1, 5, & 9 °C were arranged in factorial combination with lengths of exposures 6, 12, & 24 hours and number of exposures 1, 3, & 5. In the Greenhouse studies single plant experimental units were allowed to grow for 2 weeks following application of the chilling treatments, then growth data was taken. In field studies, exposed muskmelons were planted into 8 plants/plot units when all plants had received chilling treatments. Leaf area and plant dry weight of `Superstar' melons were significantly reduced by both the interaction of temperature and length of exposure and times exposed and temperature, with dramatic reductions in leaf area occurring at 24 hours of exposure or 5 times exposed at 1 °C. A significant interaction was found between times exposed or length of exposure and temperature on vine length, flower number and type measurements taken 4 weeks after chilled transplants were established in the field. Additionally, fruit number and mean melon weight were reduced by ether exposure to 10C, exposure of 24 hours or 3 times exposed.
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Silva, Neurivan Vicente da, Paulo César Ferreira Linhares, Roberto Pequeno de Sousa, et al. "Biometry of Seeds of Caupi Beans Cream Varieties Cultivated in Northeast Brazil." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 4 (2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n4p239.
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Biometric analysis is of great importance for the evaluation of the characteristics of the seeds, being used to predict the physiological aspect. In this context, the objective was to study the biometry of seeds of cowpea bean varieties cultivated by family farmers in the Brazilian Northeast. The work was carried out from April to July 2018, consisting of the harvesting of cowpea bean seeds in the agroecological production area, of the region of Apodi, Northeast Brazil. A completely randomized design with six treatments (owl, canapum, lizão, always green, cow’s rib plus cultivar BRS potiguar) and six replicates of 100 seeds was used. A completely randomized design with six treatments and six replicates of 100 seeds was used. The evaluated characteristics were: length and width of seeds, expressed in mm; length/width ratio of seeds, expressed in mm; weight of one hundred seeds, expressed in g; weight of one thousand seeds, expressed in grams and quantity of seeds per kg, expressed in units kg-1. There was a statistical difference between the varieties of cowpea for the biometric characteristics studied. The cowpea variety was statistically superior to the others, for the characteristics, seed length (11.37 mm), length (2.14 mm) length ratio, weight of one hundred seeds (31.16 g) and weight of one thousand seeds (312.46 g). The BRS potiguar variety was statistically superior to the characteristic number of seeds per kilo (5099.16 units kg-1).
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Campos Bannwart, Débora de, Celso M. Rebello, Lilian dos S. R. Sadeck, Marinice D. Pontes, José Lauro Araujo Ramos, and Cléa R. Leone. "Prediction of Length of Hospital Stay in Neonatal Units for Very Low Birth Weight Infants." Journal of Perinatology 19, no. 2 (1999): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jp.7200134.
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Wahyuni, Sri, Nadra Nadra, and Ria Febrina. "The Mensural Numeral Classifier Based on the Local Wisdom of Minangkabau Community at Tanah Datar Regency." International Journal of Linguistics 9, no. 5 (2017): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v9i5.12010.
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This paper discusses the mensural numeral classifier used by the Minangkabau community in Tanah Datar regency. The mensural numeral classifier discussed here is the numeral classifier based on the local wisdom of the community, includes the numeral classifier with unrecognizable as the smallest unit but used as the measurement unit based on the shape or nature of the object which is its measure. Data collected by meeting the informants directly on the location. The data preparation conducted by hearing and interviewing. It carried data analysis through grouping the obtained data into the mensural type, such as the length, weight, size, and volume. Based on data analysis, in Minangkabau language at Tanah Datar regency, it found numeral classifier based on the local wisdom of community which uses as the measurement unit of length, weight, size, and volume. In this language, the standard for the measurement unit is the length of the human body, especially the hands and feet. The mensural numeral classifiers base on the human hand length includes rueh jari, jari, jangka, eto, and dapo. Whereas, the numeral classifier base on the foot length is tapak and langka. Meanwhile, for measurement units of weight, the standard is the objects which can be taken by the adult human, whether lifting by hands or bearing on the back. The mensural numeral classifier of weight includes tayia, kati, and pikua. The units of size also base on parts of the human body but which manage for the measurement unit only for the size which can form with using a finger. The mensural numeral classifier for the size means cakak. For measurement units of volume, there is the standard which based on parts of the human body, such as the hands, and another standard which comes from the things made from bamboo and cane work. The mensural numeral classifiers of weight that bases on the hand size are binjek, gonggam, and kawik. Meanwhile, the mensural numeral classifiers of volume which bases on objects made of bamboo or cane work include cupak, gantang, katidiang, and sumpik.
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Aidil Fitriansyah, Sherly Marselina, Dina Putriani, et al. "Utilization of School Facilities for Literacy and Numeracy Displays." Indonesian Journal of Advanced Social Works 2, no. 4 (2023): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/darma.v2i4.6170.
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The Sorek Dua Village KKN student activity program with a qualitative descriptive method was carried out at SDN 006 Sorek Dua. The literacy level of Indonesian students is relatively low. On this basis, reading and writing activities are needed. Students know the unit of length and unit of weight. This certainly increases student learning motivation. Therefore, suggestions for the future are that it is hoped that there will be more recent improvements so that students can know the units of length and units of weight. From the activities carried out at SDN 006 Sorek Dua, it can be concluded that students' ability to understand the concepts of reading, writing and arithmetic lies not only in the school environment but also in the surrounding environment. seem more eager to learn. This certainly increases student learning motivation.
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Laheng, Suardi, Andi Adli, and Rifandi K. Saum. "Hubungan panjang berat dan faktor kondisi ikan sepat (Trichogaster pectoralis) di Perairan Rawa Desa Lakea Dua Kabupaten Buol Sulawesi Tengah." Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal 9, no. 2 (2022): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/aa.v9i2.8129.
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This study aims to determine the relationship between length and weight and condition factors of Trichopodus trichopterus in the waters of Rawa, Lakea Dua Village, Buol Regency, Central Sulawesi. The research was carried out for 2 months and took place in the swamps of Lakea Dua Village, Buol Regency, Central Sulawesi. The fish collected were measured based on the total length using a ruler in cm (1 mm accuracy), while the fish weight was measured using a digital scale with units of grams (0.01 gram accuracy). The test parameters observed included analysis of length and weight, relative weight, fulcon condition factor, and relative condition factor. The results showed that there were 53 Trichopodus trichopterus collected in the swamps of Lakea Dua Village, Buol Regency. The length ranges from 10-18 cm with an average length of 14.43±2.39 cm. Fish weight ranged from 14.50-155.30 g with an average weight of 51.33±25.83 g. The growth pattern is negative allometric. The relative weight shows a value of 102.63±21.40, meaning that the source of feed is abundant in the Trichopodus pectoralis environment and the condition is healthy. The Fulcon condition factor value is 1.61±0.55 and the relative condition factor is 1.04±0.33, meaning that the condition factor value is below 3. This shows the cheek-shaped fish. Keywords: condition factor; length weight; Trichogaster pectoralis
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Laheng, Suardi, Andi Adli, and Rifandi K. Saum. "Length-weight relationship and condition factors of Trichogaster pectoralis in the swamp, Lakea Dua Village, Buol Regency, Central Sulawesi." Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal 9, no. 2 (2022): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/aa.v9i2.6542.
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This study aims to determine the relationship between length and weight and condition factors of Trichopodus trichopterus in the waters of Rawa, Lakea Dua Village, Buol Regency, Central Sulawesi. The research was carried out for 2 months and took place in the swamps of Lakea Dua Village, Buol Regency, Central Sulawesi. The fish collected were measured based on the total length using a ruler in cm (1 mm accuracy), while the fish weight was measured using a digital scale with units of grams (0.01 gram accuracy). The test parameters observed included analysis of length and weight, relative weight, fulcon condition factor, and relative condition factor. The results showed that there were 53 Trichopodus trichopterus collected in the swamps of Lakea Dua Village, Buol Regency. The length ranges from 10-18 cm with an average length of 14.43±2.39 cm. Fish weight ranged from 14.50-155.30 g with an average weight of 51.33±25.83 g. The growth pattern is negative allometric. The relative weight shows a value of 102.63±21.40, meaning that the source of feed is abundant in the Trichopodus trichopterus environment and the condition is healthy. The Fulcon condition factor value is 1.61±0.55 and the relative condition factor is 1.04±0.33, meaning that the condition factor value is below 3. This shows the cheek-shaped fish.Keywords: length weight; condition factor; Trichogaster pectoralis
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Almeida, Guilherme Resende de, Michele de Oliveira Mendonça, Lidianne Carolina de Castro Weitzel, et al. "Physical quality of eggs of four strains of poultry." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 43 (October 6, 2021): e52738. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v43i1.52738.
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The layer poultry is an important activity for food production with high biological value. Measuring egg quality has great relevance to ensure safety and quality products for consumers. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the egg physical quality of four laying hen’s strains. Were used 864 eggs from four laying hens’ lines (Hisex Brown®, Hy-Line Brown®, Isa Label®, and Lohmann Brown®). The experimental design was completely randomized composed of four treatments (strains) with nine replications with four eggs each. Egg weight, egg diameter, egg length, specific gravity, yolk, albumen and shell weight and percentage, Haugh units, and shell thickness were evaluated. There was a significant difference for all parameters evaluated. The Hisex Brown® strain showed the best results for egg diameter, egg length, specific weight, albumen height, Haugh units, yolk weight, albumen%, shell weight, shell%, and shell thickness, while the Hy-Line Brown® produced bigger and heavier eggs, and Isa Label® presented the highest yolk%. The Hisex Brown® strain showed the better physical quality of eggs when compared to the other studied lines, the strain being indicated when the objective is to produce eggs with better internal and external quality.
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Storck, Lindolfo, Sidinei José Lopes, Alberto Cargnelutti Filho, Luiz Fernando Dias Martini, and Melissa Pisaroglo de Carvalho. "Sample size for single, double and thee-way hybrid corn ear traits." Scientia Agricola 64, no. 1 (2007): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162007000100005.
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Using adequate sample size in experimental units improves the efficiency of the research. In the agricultural year of 2004/2005, an experiment was conducted in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, with the objective of estimating sample size for the following traits: ear length, ear and cob diameter, ear weight, weight of grains per ear, cob weight and the weight of 100 grains, number of grain rows per ear, number of grains per ear and length of grains for two single hybrids (P30F33 and P Flex), two three-way hybrids (AG8021 and DG501) and two double hybrids (AG2060 and DKB701) of maize. For a 5% (D5) precision, the weight traits (dehusked ear weight, weight of grains per ear, cob weight and weight of 100 grains) can be sampled with 21 ears; the size traits (ear length, ear diameter, cob diameter and grain length) with eight ears; and the number traits (number of grain and rows) with 13 ears. Sample size varies as a function of ear trait and the type of hybrid i.e. single, three-way or double. Genetic variability among ears does not correspond to the increasing genetic variability i.e. single, three-way and double for the sample size of traits per ear.
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Sharma, Sandeep, Dinesh Kumar, Neelu Gera, and R. Srivastava. "Capsule and seed polymorphism in Moringa oleifera Lamk. and its influence on seed germination and longevity." Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 4, no. 1/2 (1997): 17–22. https://doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-1997-j6s6k1.
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Considerable variation between tree in Moringa oleifera growing in Jabalpur, India, was observed in respect of a) capsule physical characteristics, viz., colour, longitudinal surface furrows, form, length, girth, weight of seed-filled capsule, weight of capsule after seed extraction, number of seeds per capsule, and b) seed physical characteristics, viz., seed coat colour, seed weight, wing colour, wing opacity and wing fragility. Highly significant tree-to-tree differences were observed in germination attributes. The germination percentage and peak value of fresh seed varied from 57.7 to 94.0% and 9.83 to 21.36 units respectively whereas the corresponding figures after six-month seed storage ranged from 7.3 to 90.3% and 0.94 to 21.75 units.
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Cicchitti, Luca, Alessandra Di Lelio, Gina Barlafante, et al. "Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment in Neonatal Intensive Care Units." Medical Sciences 8, no. 2 (2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medsci8020024.
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The aim of this study was to assess the impact of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) on newborn babies admitted at a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This was an observational, longitudinal, retrospective study. All consecutive admitted babies were analyzed by treatment (OMT vs. usual care). Treatment group was randomly assigned. Between-group differences in weekly weight change and length of stay (LOS) were evaluated in the overall and preterm populations. Among 1249 babies (48.9% preterm) recorded, 652 received usual care and 597 received OMT. Weight increase was more marked in the OMT group than in the control group (weekly change: +83 g vs. +35 g; p < 0.001). Similar trends were found in the subgroup of preterm babies. A shorter LOS was found in the OMT group vs. the usual care group both in overall population (average mean difference: −7.9 days, p = 0.15) and in preterm babies (−12.3 days; p = 0.04). In severe preterm babies, mean LOS was more than halved as compared to the control group. OMT was associated with a more marked weekly weight increase and, especially in preterm babies, to a relevant LOS reduction: OMT may represent an efficient support to usual care in newborn babies admitted at a NICU.
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Vekić, Marinko, Đorđe Savić, and Stoja Jotanović. "Phenotypic Correlations Between Egg Quality Traits Amid the Laying Phase of Broiler Breeder Hens." Contemporary Agriculture 71, no. 1-2 (2022): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2022-0003.
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Summary In order to determine phenotypic correlations between the quality traits of eggs from 41-week-old broiler breeder hens (Cobb 500), a total of 105 eggs suitable for incubation were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The average values of egg weight, egg length, egg width, egg shape index, shell thickness, shell weight, and shell ratio were 66.90 g, 60.00 mm, 44.81 mm, 74.70%, 0.37 mm, 6.07 g, and 9.07%, respectively. Moreover, the average values of yolk weight, albumen weight, yolk ratio, albumen ratio, Haugh units, yolk index, and yolk-to-albumen ratio were 20.04 g, 40.80 g, 29.97%, 60.95%, 82.12, 46.17%, and 0.49, respectively. A significant positive correlation (p < 0.01) was found between the egg weight and the egg length (0.75), egg width (0.80), shell (0.55), yolk (0.60), albumen weight (0.91), and albumen ratio (0.25). However, a significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) was found between the egg weight and both the yolk ratio (-0.20) and yolk-to-albumen ratio (-0.23). The egg shape index proved not to be significantly correlated with any of the internal egg quality traits considered. The shell thickness was in a significant positive correlation (p < 0.01) with the shell weight (0.83) and ratio (0.86), whereas a significant negative correlation (p < 0.05) was found between the shell thickness and yolk ratio (-0.23). The Haugh units were in a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) with the albumen ratio (0.24) and yolk index (0.27), whereas a significant negative correlation (p<0.05) was found between the Haugh units and both the yolk ratio (-0.22) and yolk-to-albumen ratio (-0.23). The results obtained confirm significant phenotypic correlations not only between egg weight and the egg quality traits considered, but also between a number of external and internal quality traits of broiler hatching eggs.
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Xiao, Yongshun. "What are the units of the parameters in the power function for the length–weight relationship?" Fisheries Research 35, no. 3 (1998): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(98)00079-4.
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Ibrahim, Mohamed Farouk M., Hanem Abdullah Mohamed, May Abdelfattah, and Sara S. ElTatawy. "Device associated infections among neonates in neonatal intensive care units: a single unit survey study in Cairo, Egypt." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 4 (2020): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20201063.
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Background: Device Associated Infection (DAI) namely Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) and Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection (CLABSI) is one of the challenges for both neonatal nurses and doctors. Aims of the study were 1) Assess the rate of DAI occurrence among neonates, 2) explore the relationship between DAI rates and certain risk factors such as nurse patient ratio, hand hygiene practice, gestational age (GA), weight, and length of hospital stay among neonates.Methods: Descriptive correlational survey research design. Sample: All neonates admitted in twelve months-duration were included (total number 1090 neonates). Nurses and doctors were observed for compliance to adequate hand hygiene technique. Tools: 1) Center for Disease Control (CDC) criteria to calculate DAI rates, 2) Hand hygiene five points checklist 3) Review of neonates charts to collect data as weight, GA 4) Ballard score and 5) nurse/patient ratio.Results: 24 neonates developed DAI, high significant negative correlations between DAI and infants’ weight, GA, nurse/patient ratio and overall compliance to hand hygiene techniques were reported (p-value ≤0.05). Length of hospital stay, inadequate hand hygiene technique had strong positive correlations with DAI rate (p-value ≤0.05).Conclusions: Factors that could affect DAI were infant’s weight, GA, length of hospital stay, inadequate hand hygiene technique and nurse/patient ratio. Recommendations: implementation of infection control programs to raise nurses as well as physicians’ compliance to adequate hand hygiene technique and increase number of nurses in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) per shift.
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Zemel, Richard S., and Geoffrey E. Hinton. "Learning Population Codes by Minimizing Description Length." Neural Computation 7, no. 3 (1995): 549–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.1995.7.3.549.
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The minimum description length (MDL) principle can be used to train the hidden units of a neural network to extract a representation that is cheap to describe but nonetheless allows the input to be reconstructed accurately. We show how MDL can be used to develop highly redundant population codes. Each hidden unit has a location in a low-dimensional implicit space. If the hidden unit activities form a bump of a standard shape in this space, they can be cheaply encoded by the center of this bump. So the weights from the input units to the hidden units in an autoencoder are trained to make the activities form a standard bump. The coordinates of the hidden units in the implicit space are also learned, thus allowing flexibility, as the network develops a discontinuous topography when presented with different input classes.
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Alvarez, Paula, Naroa Aldanondo, Alina M. Wieczorek, et al. "Exploring Growth Patterns of Maurolicus muelleri across Three Northeast Atlantic Regions." Fishes 9, no. 7 (2024): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes9070250.
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Abstract: Maurolicus muelleri is an important component of mesopelagic ecosystems; nevertheless, we possess only limited knowledge about its biological features. We collected samples of M. muelleri from six scientific surveys between 2019 and 2021 in three geographical areas in the Northeast Atlantic waters (from South to North): the Bay of Biscay, the Celtic Sea, and the Norwegian Sea. Geographical variations in otolith growth, fish age, length, weight, and condition, as well as length–weight relationships and von Bertalanffy growth models (VBGMs), were investigated. Length-weight relationships revealed differences associated with the fish’s origin, paralleling the annual and daily otolith growth. VBGM parameters increased progressively northwards, in accordance with Bergmann’s rules. Fish length was positively related to the otolith radio, and Lee’s phenomenon was undetected. The impact of environmental variables, such as temperature and food availability, is debated, with these considered potential drivers of this variability. Populations may belong to separated units, either genetically or morphologically, representing differences in biological parameters as a signal of geographical divergence.
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Delo, Nyoman, Raismin Kotta, Kurniawati Kurniawati, and Luh Gede Sumahiradewi. "ANALISA LAJU PERTUMBUHAN IKAN LELE (CLARIAS SP) PADA PENDEDERAN III HASIL TIGA SILANGAN INDUK LELE YANG BERBEDA." Al-Qalbu: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Sains 1, no. 1 (2023): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.59896/al-qalbu.v1i1.12.
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The purpose of this study is to find measurable how big growth of catfish obtained in units of weight ( gram ) length (m) of fish, through several parameters that is the main parameters and support parameters. The method used at this study is “experiment” method that is a research method by holding some unit test activities to view a result which indicates of the position and relationship confirms between observed variables or be explored by taking to steps perform experiments, data collection, processing and analysis of data, make conclusions and reports. The results showed that highest growth rate produced by cruciferous Sangkuriang><Masamo the amount of 727,5 gram or amount of 1036,7% with the daily growth rate average weight 8,10%/day, which have an average length 12,25 cm/tail or 104,11% with growth rate of the average daily length 2,38/day. While, growth in the average weight of the lowest produced by cruciferous Sangkuriang><Phyton the amount of 618,25 gram or 866,05% with the daily growth rate average weight 7,56 %/day which have an average length the amount of 11,5 cm/tail or 91,65 % with a growth rate of average daily length 2,17%/day
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Delo, Nyoman, Raismin Kotta, Kurniawati Kurniawati, and Luh Gede Sumahiradewi. "ANALISA LAJU PERTUMBUHAN IKAN LELE (CLARIAS SP) PADA PENDEDERAN III HASIL TIGA SILANGAN INDUK LELE YANG BERBEDA." Al-Qalbu: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Sains 1, no. 1 (2023): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.59896/qalbu.v1i1.12.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to find measurable how big growth of catfish obtained in units of weight ( gram ) length (m) of fish, through several parameters that is the main parameters and support parameters. The method used at this study is “experiment” method that is a research method by holding some unit test activities to view a result which indicates of the position and relationship confirms between observed variables or be explored by taking to steps perform experiments, data collection, processing and analysis of data, make conclusions and reports. The results showed that highest growth rate produced by cruciferous Sangkuriang><Masamo the amount of 727,5 gram or amount of 1036,7% with the daily growth rate average weight 8,10%/day, which have an average length 12,25 cm/tail or 104,11% with growth rate of the average daily length 2,38/day. While, growth in the average weight of the lowest produced by cruciferous Sangkuriang><Phyton the amount of 618,25 gram or 866,05% with the daily growth rate average weight 7,56 %/day which have an average length the amount of 11,5 cm/tail or 91,65 % with a growth rate of average daily length 2,17%/day
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Kupcevičová, Jelena. "Русская и украинская историческая метрология и её отражение в паремиях". Studia Slavica XXVI, № 1 (2022): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/studiaslavica.2022.26.0004.
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The present article is devoted to the historically metrology of Russian and Ukrainian people, the emergence and use of different units for measuring length, width, area, weight and volume of bulk solids and liquids, etc. and their reflection in the proverbs of these nations.
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Leggett, M. E., K. Sivasithamparam, and M. J. McFarlane. "Effect of nitrogen supply on rhizosphere interactions and take-all disease of wheat." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 37, no. 1 (1991): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m91-007.
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The effect of NH4NO3 on the expression of take-all in wheat and on the ability of fluorescent pseudomonad bacteria to decrease the growth of the pathogen and the symptoms of the disease was examined in a nitrogen-deficient acidic soil from Western Australia. Application of NH4NO3 increased the fresh weight of shoots, decreased root weight and length, and offset some of the deleterious effects of infection. Inoculation with Gaeumannomyces graminis var. triciti reduced shoot weight and root weight and length at all but the highest level of applied nitrogen. Fluorescent pseudomonads applied to wheat seed (at approximately 108 colony-forming units/seed) reduced seed germination and failed to reduce the severity of take-all expressed as weight or length of shoots or N content. Although the density of black runner hyphae of G. graminis var. triciti was reduced at 40 days and the proportion of root colonized by the pathogen was lower at 28 days with bacterization under severe nitrogen deficiency, no effect of the bacteria was observed if N was added. Key words: Gaeumannomyces graminis var. triciti, fluorescent pseudomonads, wheat, nitrogen.
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Noegroho, T., D. D. Kembaren, E. Nurdin, et al. "Characteristics of octopus fishery in Ampana Tojo Una-Una Sea waters." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1224, no. 1 (2023): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1224/1/012010.
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Abstract Octopus fishing activity have been established in Ampana Waters and surrounding areas since the 1990s. The goal of this research is to examine the octopus fishery in Ampana waters and its surroundings. The research methodology used in this study are CPUE and Length-based assessment which includes some analysis of catch per unit effort, fishing season, size structure, weigh distribution, length-weight relationship, fishing ground, fishing gear operation and specification, and the marketing flow. CPUE ranges from 7–15 kg/units/day, with an average of 11 kg/units/day; the fishing season runs from August to November; mantle length ranges from 8–22 cmML, and the length mode is 14 cmML; male octopus length ranges from 9–19 cmML, while the female ranges from 8–22 cmML; weight ranges from 300–2500 gr, with the male dominant at 800 gr and the female dominant at 1000 gr. Growth patterns for both males and females are negative allometric. Ampana fishermen fished around Tanjung Api, while Pagimana fishermen fished north of Bunta beach. Fishing equipment used included an octopus fishing rod, hook, and arrow, as well as aggregating devices such as gara-gara and a crustacean-like octopus fishing rod. The fishermen sold their catch to the first collector, who then delivered it to octopus middlemen in Ampana, Pagimana, and Luwuk before transporting it to Makassar.
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Huda, Nuril. "Geometry and Measurement in Quran." Al-Jabar : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 11, no. 2 (2020): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/ajpm.v11i2.6420.
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The Quran contains the basic principles of science and civilization. These sciences include natural science and mathematics. The study of mathematics covers algebra, statistics, logic, geometry, measurement, and others. This research aimed to examine the verses of the Quran, which contain geometry and measurement concepts. This research employed the descriptive-qualitative method with library research design. This research revealed that the Quran contains five concepts of geometry: three concepts of line and two concepts of angle. Meanwhile, the Quran also contains fourteen concepts of measurement: six units of time, five units of weight, two units of area, and two units of length or distance.
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Khalil, M. K. M., Y. S. Al Ghamdi, O. A. Al Yahia, A. Subah, and R. Barmad. "Feeding practice outcome for preterm infants in two neonatology units in Buraidah, Saudi Arabia." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 10, no. 3 (2004): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2004.10.3.283.
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Wecarried out a follow-up study to investigate variation in short-term outcome for preterm infants in 2 hospitals in Buraidah. We compared gestational age, birth weight, head circumference at birth and length of stay. Outcome measures were weight gain/day, feeding pattern on discharge and feeding pattern 1 month after discharge. Mean weight gain was significantly higher in hospital A, 9.6 [ +/- 19.7] g/day compared to -1.2 [ +/- 29.5] g/day in hospital B [P = 0.049]. The proportion of infants exclusively breastfed 1 month after discharge was 37.5% in hospital B compared to 13.2% in hospital A [P = 0.0224]. There are clear hospital level differences in short-term outcome in the same region, emphasizing the need for continuous follow-up and evaluation of differences in a perinatal audit
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Clima, Lilia, Bogdan Florin Craciun, Gabriela Gavril, and Mariana Pinteala. "Tunable Composition of Dynamic Non-Viral Vectors over the DNA Polyplex Formation and Nucleic Acid Transfection." Polymers 11, no. 8 (2019): 1313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11081313.
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Polyethylene glycol (PEG) functionalization of non-viral vectors represents a powerful tool through the formation of an overall surface charge shielding ability, which is fundamental for efficient nucleic acid delivery systems. The degree of non-viral vector PEGylation and the molecular weight of utilized PEG is crucial since the excessive use of PEG units may lead to a considerable reduction of the DNA-binding capacity and, subsequently, in a reduction of in vitro transfection efficiency. Herein, we report a detailed study on a series of dynamic combinatorial frameworks (DCFs) containing PEGylated squalene, poly-(ethyleneglycol)-bis(3-aminopropyl) of different lengths, and branched low molecular weight polyethylenimine components, reversibly connected in hyperbranched structures, as efficient dynamic non-viral vectors. The obtained frameworks were capable of forming distinct supramolecular amphiphilic architectures, shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), with sizes and stability depending on the length of PEG units. The interaction of PEGylated DCFs with nucleic acids was investigated by agarose gel retardation assay and atomic force microscopy (AFM), while their transfection efficiency (using pCS2+MT-Luc DNA as a reporter gene) and cytotoxicity were evaluated in HeLa cells. In addition, the data on the influence of the poly-(ethyleneglycol)-bis(3-aminopropyl) length in composition of designed frameworks over transfection efficiency and tolerance in human cells were analyzed and compared.
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Farida, Lilis Nur, Murtadlo Murtadlo, and Muhammad Imam Farisi. "Development of Learning Media Boxes Paper Materials Measuring Length and Weight Units to Improve High Level Thinking." Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pembelajaran 8, no. 4 (2023): 879. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v8i4.9350.
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This study aims to produce Boxs Paber media products for measuring units of length and weight that are appropriate for use by grade III (three) students in learning Mathematics in Elementary Schools. This study uses the ADDIE development model, through five stages, namely analysis (analyze), design (design), development (develop), implementation (implement), and evaluation (evaluate). The research was conducted at SDN Glagahan 1 with 30 students in class III as an experimental class and 30 students in class III at SDN Perak 2 as a control class. Data collection techniques use observation, questionnaires, tests and interviews. Data analysis techniques include qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The results of the research show that: (1) the development of Boxs Paber media consists of several aspects of development, namely media, material and language. In terms of media, it's simple, good, displaying varied colors, neat, and flexible. In terms of material, the material is in accordance with KI, KD, and learning objectives as well as attractive pictures. Furthermore, in terms of language, communicative, according to EYD and straightforward; (2) The feasibility level of Boxs Paber media is in the very feasible or very valid category. This can be seen from the results of the media expert's assessment being 94, the material expert's assessment being 77, and the language expert's assessment being 91 so that the average validity of the media is 87 (Very Valid). (3) In terms of interest and ability, it can improve higher order thinking skills after using Boxs Paber media. This is shown by students' interest which was initially 31.48 increasing to 52.32 and students' high level thinking abilities which were initially 47.4 to 87. From the increase in students' interest and high level thinking abilities, it shows that the use of the Boxs Paber media is long unit material and effective weight is used in learning.
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Maulana, Irfan, Salnida Yuniarti Lumbessy, and Moh Awaludin Adam. "The Influence of Different Culture Methods on the Growth and Survival of Kijing Mussels (Anadonta woodiana)." Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research 27, no. 3 (2025): 32–41. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajfar/2025/v27i3893.
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This study aimed to analyze the influence of different culture methods and stocking density on the growth and survival of Kijing mussels (Anadonta woodiana). This research employed an experimental method with a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisting of two factors: culture method (B) with two levels (bottom and floating) and stocking density (P) with three levels (5, 10, and 15 individuals). Each treatment combination of culture method and stocking density was conducted in triplicate concrete ponds. The homogeneity of the ponds could not be guaranteed due to the inconsistent sunlight exposure across the land conditions. The total number of treatment units used in this study was 18 treatment units. The parameters measured were absolute weight, absolute length, specific growth rate, survival rate, and water quality. Data on absolute weight, absolute length, and specific growth rate were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a 95% confidence level via SPSS software to determine treatment effects, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. Meanwhile, data on survival rate and water quality were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The results showed that different culture methods significantly influenced the absolute weight of Kijing mussels (A. woodiana) during the 60-day rearing period, whereas stocking density and the interaction between stocking density and culture method did not significantly affect any of the measured parameters. The bottom culture method resulted in better growth of Kijing mussels compared to the floating method, increasing the absolute weight of mussels by 106.38 g, supported by an absolute length of 3.20 cm, a specific growth rate of 2.17%/day, and a 100% survival rate.
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Wahab, Muhammad Amiruddin, Khairiyah Mat, Mohamad Faiz Mohd Nor, et al. "Comparative study of hatchability rate and egg quality between different strains of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 6, no. 2 (2021): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v6i2.564.
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The objectives of this study were to determine morphology of Japanese quail strains andhatchability rate and egg quality between commercial strain which is Poultry Progress Institute(IKTA) strain and White Texas strains of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) rear in Malaysia. Atotal of 300 quails were randomly picked and the breastbone length, chest girth, body weight,body length, shank length and drum length were measured for the morphology. Then, 270 eggs ofCommercial and White Texas strains were used to test the hatchability rate (n=150) and eggquality (n=120). The ratio of the parents of the quails between male and female of each type ofstrain were 1:3. The cleanliness, shape, weight, and texture of the eggshell were observed,weighed and measured. The eggs were incubated for 17 days (37.6 °C, 65% humidity). The shapeindex, egg weight, egg volume and eggshell surface were weighed and measured for the exteriortrait of eggs. For interior trait, the albumen index, Haugh units, and internal quality units (IQU)were measured. Significant findings were observed in all of the features (P<0.05), except for thewing length in morphology. For hatchability rate, there was a high significant in the percentage ofhatchability of incubated eggs, hatchability of fertile eggs and smoothness texture of the eggshell.In egg quality there was high significant in Haugh unit but low significant internal quality unit.The significant variability might be due from the genetic information that inherited from theparents. The IKTA and White strains were not the same in morphology, hatchability rate andinterior trait of eggs but same exterior trait of eggs. In conclusion, this research is important ingiving information about Japanese quail strain in Malaysia and more genetic study should be donein the future to determine good strain and increase understanding about quail strain.
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Von Holle, Ann, Kari E. North, Sheila Gahagan, et al. "Sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth: evidence from a Chilean infancy cohort." BMJ Open 10, no. 6 (2020): e033695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033695.
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ObjectivesInfant anthropometric growth varies across socioeconomic factors, including maternal education and income, and may serve as an indicator of environmental influences in early life with long-term health consequences. Previous research has identified sociodemographic gradients in growth with a focus on the first year and beyond, but estimates are sparse for growth before 6 months. Thus, our objective was to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and infant growth patterns between birth and 5 months of age.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingsLow-income to middle-income neighbourhoods in Santiago, Chile (1991–1996).Participants1412 participants from a randomised iron-deficiency anaemia preventive trial in healthy infants.Main outcome measuresLongitudinal anthropometrics including monthly weight (kg), length (cm) and weight-for-length (WFL) values. For each measure, we estimated three individual-level growth parameters (size, timing and velocity) from SuperImposition by Translation and Rotation models. Size and timing changes represent vertical and horizontal growth curve shifts, respectively, and velocity change represents growth rate shifts. We estimated the linear association between growth parameters and gestational age, maternal age, education and socioeconomic position (SEP).ResultsLower SEP was associated with a slower linear (length) velocity growth parameter (−0.22, 95% CI –0.31 to –0.13)—outcome units are per cent change in velocity from the average growth curve. Lower SEP was associated with later WFL growth timing as demonstrated through the tempo growth parameter for females (0.25, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.42)—outcome units are shifts in days from the average growth curve. We found no evidence of associations between SEP and the weight size, timing or velocity growth rate parameters.ConclusionPrevious research on growth in older infants and children shows associations between lower SEP with slower length velocity. We found evidence supporting this association in the first 5 months of life, which may inform age-specific prevention efforts aimed at infant length growth.
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Dilbar, Xalmuratova Yaqıpbaevna. "DÁSTANLAR TILINDE GÓNERGEN SÓZLERDIŃ QOLLANILIWI." International journal of advanced research in education, technology and management 2, no. 6 (2023): 95–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8017588.
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In thiz article, we have sung about the gonergen words in the language of epics from volumes 9-13 of “Karakalpak folklore”. We took Gonergens words as historical and archaisms. We divided the historical words into thematic groups, which are related to the terms of clothing, and related to household items related to units of length and weight.
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Toshpo'latova, Shaxnoza. "ETHNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CALENDRICAL CALCULATION AND LENGTH MEASUREMENTS OF KHUF VALLEY TAJIKS IN THE RESEARCHES OF M.S. ANDREYEV." MODERN SCIENCE AND RESEARCH 2, no. 11 (2023): 291–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10088115.
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<i>In this article, M.S. Andreyev's calendrical calculation and longitude measurements of the Tajiks of Afghanistan and Tajikistan are specific aspects of natural conditions in the annual calculation of the population of the valley. We get information about the units of measurement of length and weight among the Tajik population. Information about the calculation of the solar and lunar year is given.</i>
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Boren, Prima Novia, and Bustari Badal. "Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Kotoran Walet Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Gueneensis Jacq) di Pre Nursery." Jurnal Research Ilmu Pertanian 4, no. 1 (2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/xk7evy14.
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This research was carried out in the koto Panjang Ikur village, Koto tangah District, Padang city, West Sumatra Provience. This research starts in January-April 2022. The objective of the study was to obtain a comparison of the best growing media from the application of swallow droppings fertilizer on the growth of oil palm (elaeis guineensis jacq) seedlings in the pre nursery. This experiment used a completely randomized design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 6 replications, so there were 24 experimental units. Each experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of 6 polibags, so there were 144 polybags. The treatment is as follows : A = Top Soil, B = Top Soil : Swallow manure fertilizer (1:1), C = Top Soil : Swallow manure fertilizer (2:1). Observational data were analyzed statistically with variance (f test). If f count > from f table 5%, proceed with duncans new multiple range test (DNMRT) test at 5% significance level. Variables observed were seedling height. Number of leaves (midrib), tuber diameter, top fresh weight, top dry weight, root length, root fresh weiht, root dry weight, and visual observation. From the experimental results it was concluded that the application of swallow manure fertilizer had a very significantly different effect on the increase in seedling height, number of leaves . hump diameter, upper fresh weight, upper dry weight, root length, fresht root weight, and was not significantly different in weightdry roots. The ratio of Top Soil : Swallow manure fertilizer (1:2) is the best ratio for the growth of oil palm seedlings (elaeis guineensis jacq) in the pre nursery when compared to other treatments
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Indra Putra, Ichsan Luqmana, and Alfi Nurcahyasari. "DEGRADATION OF SOME POLYSTRENE USING BEETLE LARVAE (TENEBRIO MOLITOR L.)." BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) 8, no. 1 (2021): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/biolink.v8i1.5001.
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One alternative to waste processing polystyrene is to use Tenebrio molitor larvae. This study aims to determine the increase in body length and weight, rate of degradation, and value of Waste Reduction Index (WRI) of larvae T. molitor. This study used laboratory experimental using completely randomized design experimental design model (CRD) data analysis with control and 4 feed treatments. Each treatment level was repeated 5 times in order to obtain 25 experimental units. Larvae were reared in a plastic container containing 10 larvae. Each larvae were given bran feed for control and polystrene for treatment, each feed as much as 1 gram. The polystyrene used were food packaging, walls, electronic packaging, and ice boxes. Larvae were measured for length and body weight every 3 days for 30 days. Parameters observed were increase in length and weight of larvae, rate of degradation and WRI values.The highest mean value of increase in larval length on the polystrene wall was 1.69 cm. The lowest value was polystyrene food packaging (1.59 cm). The average weight gain of larvae has a uniform value in the control and treatment of 0.07 gr. The highest degradation rate and WRI values were polystyrene wall and electronic packaging at 0.019 and 0.63%. while the lowest values were polystyrene food packaging at 0.11 and 0.37%.
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Singh, Anit Kumar, Rajesh Kumar Gupta, Venkta Akhil Didla, Vivek Kumar, Vikash Kumar Singh, and Shubham Mishra. "Effect of gamma irradiation on germination and seedling stage in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." International Journal of Agricultural Invention 9, no. 2 (2024): 66–70. https://doi.org/10.46492/ijai/2024.9.2.12.
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Gamma irradiation is a well-established method for inducing genetic variability in crop species. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of gamma radiation on seed germination and seedling growth in two bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, DBW-187 and HDCSW-18. Seeds were irradiated with doses ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 kGy using a Cobalt60 source. The experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2019-2020 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Janta Vedic College, Baraut, Baghpat, Uttar Pradesh. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications per treatment, 15 experimental units across five radiation doses for each genotype. Observations were recorded for germination percentage, root length, shoot length, biological weight, dry weight, and ash weight. Results indicated a dose-dependent decline in all traits, with a significant reduction observed at higher doses. However, low doses showed potential for beneficial effects on certain traits. Genetic analysis revealed high heritability and genetic advance for germination percentage, root length, and biological weight, suggesting the potential for improvement in these traits through breeding programs. The study underscores the utility of gamma irradiation as a tool for wheat improvement, with implications for enhancing crop productivity and resilience.
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Hu, Jiajin, Izzuddin Aris, Emily Oken, et al. "Association of Total and Trimester-Specific Gestational Weight Gain Rate with Early Infancy Weight Status: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study in China." Nutrients 11, no. 2 (2019): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11020280.
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Studies to examine the associations of gestational weight gain (GWG) with offspring weight status during infancy are needed, especially among Asian populations. We examined 801 mother–infant pairs from a prospective cohort study in China to assess the associations of total and trimester-specific GWG with early infant weight status. We used linear mixed effects models and linear regression models to examine the longitudinal and time-point associations of GWG rate (kg/week) with infant growth measures (z-scores of body-mass-index (BMIZ), weight-for-age (WFAZ) and length-for-age (LFAZ)) at birth, 1, 3, and 6 months. Greater total GWG rate was associated with higher BMIZ (β:1.34 SD units (95% CI: 0.84, 1.83) per 1 kg/week increase in GWG) and higher WFAZ (β:1.18 SD units (95% CI: 1.01, 2.28)) across the first 6 months of life. GWG rate in the first two trimesters but not in the third trimester was positively associated with infant BMIZ. The association between GWG rate and infant BMIZ was significant at all timepoints and more pronounced in normal weight women and among male infants. In conclusion, greater GWG rate is positively associated with offspring BMIZ in the first 6 months of life, the association is mostly driven by GWG in the first two trimesters.
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Pawłowska, Barbara, Marcin Sysa, Agnieszka Godela, and Robert Biczak. "Antibiotics Amoxicillin, Ampicillin and Their Mixture—Impact on Bacteria, Fungi, Ostracods and Plants." Molecules 29, no. 18 (2024): 4301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29184301.
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Ampicillin (AMP) and amoxicillin (AMX) are popular antibiotics, which are penicillin derivatives, and are used in both human and veterinary medicine. In the conducted study, AMP, AMX and their mixtures did not cause major changes in the total bacterial counts in soil samples, and even an increase in the bacterial counts from 3,700,000 to 6,260,000 colony-forming units (cfu) per gram of soil dry weight (g of soil DW) was observed for minimal amounts of these drugs in the soil. The total abundance of fungi, on the other hand, increased from values ranging from 17,000 to 148,000 cfu∙g−1 of soil DW to a level of 32,000 to 131,000 cfu∙g−1 of soil DW. The tested antibiotics and their mixtures had no significant effect on the mortality and growth of H. incongruens. AMX and the AMP + AMX mixture also showed no effect on the plant fresh weight yield, plant aboveground part length and dry weight content of wheat seedlings. In contrast, AMP caused an increase in the plant fresh weight yield and wheat seedling length compared to the control. The drug also caused a slight decrease in the seedling dry weight content. Both AMP and AMX showed inhibitory effects on the plant root length at the highest concentrations of the compounds.
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Ibrahim, Sulaiman. "Hubungan Ukuran-Ukuran Usus Halus Dengan Berat Badan Broiler." Jurnal Agripet 8, no. 2 (2008): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v8i2.615.
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Association of small intestine measurements with body weight in broilersABSTRACT. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the association of small intestine measurements with body weight in broilers. Sixty five weeks old unsex broiler chicks (CP 707) were used. All birds were leg-banded and alloted to 60 cage units and than were fasted for 10 hours but water given. All birds were weighed individually and then sacrificed by neck vein bleeding. Small intestine was dissected individually to determine length and wide. All data were subjected to statistical analysis: correlation and simple linear regression, analysis of variance and t-test. The length of small intestine, duodenum, and jejunum/ileum were each strongly correlated with body weight: r = 0,88; P 0,01; r = 0,71; P 0,01; and r = 0,80, P 0,01 respectively. The wide of duodenum and jejunum/ileum were each closely correlated with body weight: r = 0,90; P 0,01; and r = 0,86; P 0,01 respectively. Results of study indicated that there were strong association between small intestine measurements and body weight in broilers.
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Chivu, Mihaela, Serban Nastasia, Camelia Sultana, Coralia Bleotu, Irina Alexiu, and Decebal Hudita. "Optimizing donor selection in order to establish a cord blood banking facility: maternal and obstetric factors impact." Open Medicine 2, no. 2 (2007): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-007-0018-2.
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AbstractIn this study, we analyzed the obstetric factors affecting total nucleated cells (TNC) content of cord blood units to establish the criteria for umbilical cord blood (UCB) donor selection in our geographic area.UCB was collected from normal uncomplicated pregnancies. In every case, following data were recorded: (1) gestation length; (2) type of delivery (cesarean or vaginal); and (3) newborn characteristics: weight and sex. For each sample, TNC content, percentage and number of CD34+ cells, and viability were analyzed.The results showed that TNC content increases with cord blood volume, gestational length and newborn weight. The mean blood volume and the mean TNC per unit were 42.37 ± 13.5 ml and 55.49 ± 19.4 × 107, respectively. Stepwise regression analysis revealed a positive and significant correlation (r= 0.89) between these two variables. Meanwhile the CD34+ cell content remains unchanged in deliveries at 32–40 weeks of gestation. The mean CD34+ percentage obtained was 0.37 ± 0.06, and the total number of CD34+ cells was 4.827 ± 0.8204 × 104 / mL UCB.Concluding, the maternal and obstetric factors have a significant impact on UCB cell quantity and quality. The main criteria for UCB collection and storage resulted to be: a gestational age higher than 36–40 weeks and newborn weight > 3200g; gestation number ≤ 2 and placental weight > 700g can be added to the standard criteria to improve the bank efficiency. Our results have also become helpful in evaluating stored UCB units to establish the adequacy for clinical transplant utilization.
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Kalauni, Santosh, and Deependra Dhakal. "Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Seed Yield and Yield Components of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes in Sub-tropical Region." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 9 (2020): 1928–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i9.1928-1934.3528.
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This research aims to determine the relationship between yield and yield components of French bean using multivariate statistical techniques. The study was conducted at Horticulture Research Station, Dailekh, Nepal for consecutive three year of 2016-2018. In this study, six French bean genotypes were used. The following measurements and observations were made: germination (%), pod length (cm), pod diameter (mm), individual pod weight and number of seeds pod-1 , number of dry pods plant-1, dry pod yield plant-1 and dry pod yield (t/ha), 100 seed weight (g) and seed yield (t/ha). Highly significant and positive correlation was recorded between seed yield and individual pod weight (r= 0.659***), number of seed pod-1 (r=0.548**) and pod length (0.459*). Conversely, pod diameter showed a negative and non-significant (-0.025) correlation on seed yield. Based on simple regression analysis, linear regression of individual pod weight, number of seed pod-1 and pod length leads to an increase in the seed yield (t/ha) by 0.188, 0.285 and 0.103 units respectively. From the path coefficient analysis maximum positive direct effect on seed yield was recorded by number of seeds pod-1 (0.767) followed by 100 seed weight (0.530) and individual pod weight (0.429). Also, stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that three traits individual pod weight, 100 seed weight and number of dry pod plant-1 account for 68.22% of the total variation in seed yield, while only 31.78% was explained by rest of the variables. Summarizing outcomes of four statistical methods showed that individual pod weight appeared to be the most effective contributor of seed yield followed by the number of seed pod-1, 100 seed weight, and pod length. Therefore, focus should be laid on these characters in future breeding program while selecting genotypes for sub-tropics for improving the seed yield.
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Fanani, Anhar Faisal, M. Hadziq Qulubi, and Gardis Andari. "Efek Penambahan Kefir Sebagai Probiotik pada Ayam Boiler terhadap Panjang Usus." AGRICOLA 10, no. 1 (2020): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35724/ag.v10i1.2769.
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This study was to examine the effect of changes in digestive tract that is seen from the length of the small intestine size of broiler chickens given kefir. The study used 200 MB of broiler DOC as many as 200 animals which were kept randomly in a cage plot. The study was conducted for 5 weeks with 4 treatments and repeated 5 times so that the number of experimental units was 20 units. The treatments to be tested were: T0 = basal ration (control), T1 = basal ration + 1.5% probiotic, T2 = basal ration + 3% probiotic, T3 = basal ration + 4.5%. Kefir used was derived from goat milk which was given 10% kefir grain fermented for 48 hours. The data obtained were analyzed for variance based on a completely randomized design and continued using duncan test. The results showed that the final body weight was significantly different (P <0.05), while the feed efficiency, relative length of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, overall small intestine and cecum had no significant effect (P> 0.05). The conclusion that the administration of probiotics in the form of kefir has no significant effect on the relative length of the small intestine and cecum, but has a significant effect on final body weight. The use of kefir needs to be considered in terms of cost because it uses milk as a fermentation media.
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Pratinidhi, Asha K., Abhijit C. Bagade, Satish V. Kakade, et al. "Action-oriented colour-coded foot length calliper for primary healthcare workers as a proxy for birth weight & gestational period." Indian Journal of Medical Research 145, no. 3 (2017): 347–52. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_36_14.
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Background & objectives: Foot length of the newborn has a good correlation with the birth weight and is recommended to be used as a proxy measure. There can be variations in the measurement of foot length. A study was, therefore, carried out to develop a foot length calliper for accurate foot length measurement and to find cut-off values for birth weight and gestational age groups to be used by primary healthcare workers. Methods: This study was undertaken on 645 apparently healthy newborn infants with known gestational age. Nude birth weight was taken within 24 h of birth on a standard electronic weighing machine. A foot length calliper was developed. Correlation between foot length and birth weight as well as gestational age was calculated. Correctness of cut-off values was tested using another set of 133 observations on the apparently healthy newborns. Action-oriented colour coding was done to make it easy for primary healthcare workers to use it. Results: There was a significant correlation of foot length with birth weight (r=0.75) and gestational age (r=0.63). Cut-off values for birth weight groups were 6.1, 6.8 and 7.3 cm and for gestational age of 6.1, 6.8 and 7.0 cm. Correctness of these cut-off values ranged between 77.1 and 95.7 per cent for birth weight and 60-93.3 per cent for gestational age. Considering 2.5 kg as cut-off between normal birth weight and low birth weight (LBW), cut-off values of 6.1, 6.8 and 7.3 were chosen. Action-oriented colour coding was done by superimposing the colours on the scale of the calliper, green indicating home care, yellow indicating supervised home care, orange indicating care at newborn care units at primary health centres and red indicating Neonatal Intensive Care Unit care for infants. Interpretation & conclusions: A simple device was developed so that the primary health care workers and trained Accredited Social Health Activist workers can identify the risk of LBW in the absence of accurate weighing facilities and decide on the type of care needed by the newborn and take action accordingly.
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Ali, Haider I., Abdulkareem M. Abed, and Wafaa H. Khassaf. "Effect of Acid Whey, Enzymatic Whey, Magnetized and Unmagnetized Whey on the Qualitative and Productive Traits of Date Palm." Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences 34, no. 2 (2021): 10–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37077/25200860.2021.34.2.02.
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This study was conducted in one of the private orchards in the district of Abu Al-Khaseeb, Basrah province during the growing seasons 2017 - 2018 in order to examine the effect of spraying acidic whey, enzymatic whey and magnetized and non-magnetized whey on date palm cultivars Phoenix dactylifera L. agricultural (yellow Shwithi and Al-Khdrawi). A Concentration of 100% of the whey was applied to the fruits. The results of the study showed the superiority of the yellow Shwithi and Al-Khdrawi regarding the Qualitative and Productive characteristics. There was a significant difference between the date palm cultivars regarding the length, diameter, the weight of fruit, dry matter, total and reduced sugars and fruit content of invertase enzyme were recorded 33.45 mm, 20.89 mm, 9.302 g, 37.685%, 50.28%, 36.09% and 2347 units/kg/ CO2. The spray treatment was characterized by enzymatic whey in most of the study treatments of fruit length, fruit weight, total sugars and invertase enzyme. It reached 34.55 mm, 9.883 g, 56.15% and 2005.3 units/kg/CO2. The results also showed the importance of bilateral interaction between the variety and spray treatment.
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Setiyadi, Desi, and Henine Cahyasari. "Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa Sekolah Dasar dengan Media Tangga Pintar." Dawuh Guru: Jurnal Pendidikan MI/SD 3, no. 2 (2023): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35878/guru.v3i2.774.
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Mathematics in everyday life has a significant contribution. Some students still think that mathematics is difficult. The results of observations of mathematics learning achievement in class III are low by 73% of students who have not finished yet. One of the materials considered difficult by students is the unit length and weight material. The purpose of this study is to improve student achievement in the subject matter of units of length and units of weight in mathematics in grade 3 SD NU Insan Cendekia using smart ladder media. This type of research is classroom action research with a cyclical flow of planning, action, observation and reflection. The research subjects were 12 male students and 9 female students in grade 3 of SD NU Insan Cendekia. Instruments in the form of tests, observations, documentation and field notes. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The study used 2 cycles with the result that in the first cycle the average value was 78 with a percentage of 81% of students completing. The average score in cycle II reached 89. 100% of students achieved the KKM score. Based on these results, smart ladder media can improve mathematics learning achievement.
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Wu, F., K. R. Vierck, J. M. DeRouchey, et al. "A review of heavy weight market pigs: status of knowledge and future needs assessment1." Translational Animal Science 1, no. 1 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/tas2016.0004.
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Abstract Marketing weight is an important economic variable that impacts the productivity and profitability of finishing pig production. Marketing weight has been increasing worldwide over the past decades driven by the dilution of fixed production cost over more weight per pig and the improvement of genetic selection of lean-type pigs. This review was aimed to summarize current knowledge and assess the future research needs on producing finishing pigs with marketing weight greater than 130 kg. Based on a thorough literature review, increasing marketing weight affected overall pig growth; in particular, cumulative average daily gain (ADG) decreased by 4.0 g, average daily feed intake (ADFI) increased by 78.1 g, and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) decreased by 0.011 for every 10 kg increase of marketing weight. Increasing marketing weight by 10 kg increased carcass yield by 0.41% units, backfat by 1.8 mm, longissimus muscle (LM) area by 1.9 cm2, carcass length by 2.2 cm, and belly yield by 0.32% units, but decreased percentage of fat-free-lean by 0.78 units and decreased loin, shoulder, and ham yields by 0.13, 0.16, and 0.17% units, respectively. Studies that investigated the effects of marketing weight on pork quality observed decreased pH by 0.02 and 0.01 at 45 min and 24 h postmortem, respectively, and increased a* value by 0.28 per 10 kg marketing weight increase. Heavier market pigs had increased concentrations of saturated fatty acids and intramuscular fat. However, studies reported conflicting results for L* and b* values, drip loss, Warner-Bratzler shear force, and sensory properties of pigs in response to increasing marketing weight. A limited amount of research has been conducted to estimate nutrient requirements for pigs greater than 140 kg. Increased weight and size of heavy pigs can create challenges to farm and packer facilities and equipment. Discussions and recommendations are provided concerning the adjustments for floor and feeder space, barn design, ventilation, disease control, transportation, and carcass processing needed for increasing marketing weight. In conclusion, increasing marketing weight creates both opportunities and challenges to current finishing pig production, and future research is needed to provide nutritional and management guidelines and improve feed efficiency and meat quality of heavy weight market pigs.