Relevant bibliographies by topics / Unity with the European context

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Unity with the European context'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Unity with the European context"

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Kraus, Peter A. "Political unity and linguistic diversity in Europe." European Journal of Sociology 41, no. 1 (May 2000): 138–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975600007918.

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The paper seeks to assess the consequences of cultural diversity for European polity-building by focusing on the language issue. What does the European Babel mean for the project of transnational political integration ? To what extent has the shaping of the European language regime become a declared goal on the agenda of the EU ? In contrast with precedent patterns of nation-state formation, the present situation in Europe offers only few reasons to believe that some cultural standardization could be achieved by putting major political restrictions on multilingualism. Deliberate attempts at setting the institutional foundations of a culturally integrated European public sphere may end up producing unintended outcomes and lead to anti- European mobilizations striving for the protection of cultural difference. Hence, a political community of Europeans will not be based on a unitary and homogeneous public sphere, but rather reflect a complex mosaic of different cultural identities with cross-cutting political loyalties. In this context, cultural and linguistic diversity will be institutionalized, institutionalized, but to varying degrees and with different implications at different political levels.
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Nistor-Gâz, Roxana-Maria, and Delia Pop-Flanja. "Multilingualism and the Ideal of Unity in Diversity in the European Union. Key Concepts and Context." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Studia Europaea 65, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 265–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbeuropaea.2020.2.12.

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"In a world challenged by cultural diversity, this article aims to look at the great diversity of languages and cultures that coexist within the European Union. Building on the story of the Tower of Babel that explains, from a religious point of view, the cultural and linguistic diversity existing in the European Union, the authors tried to contextualize EU’s motto of “unity in diversity”, interpreted as an ideal involving a lot of effort and sometimes even many conflicts, but one that we should all fight for and strive to maintain. Keywords: linguistic diversity, ethnicity, nation, minority, majority, communication, unity in diversity"
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Bellier, Irène. "European identity, institutions and languages in the context of the enlargement." Identity Politics 1, no. 1 (August 16, 2002): 85–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.1.1.07bel.

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The debate on the European Enlargement to East and Central Europe and the negotiations with presently thirteen and possibly more countries later, raise a cultural problem at large, briefly summarized by two questions: what do we have in common? And what is the European identity? Practically it raises the problem of what language will we speak? The paper, written by an anthropologist, is based on extensive periods of observation of EU institutional life and several months of participation to the Commission working operations. It intends to clarify the linguistic situation of the EU, considered as a political entity, by making explicit the relations between three articulated layers that are: the realm of an official polity, the world of the institutions, and society at large. Within the general context of EU making, I distinguish the problematic of the official European languages policy, the use of languages that is made by European officials and their impact on policy making, and the delicate shifting from monolingualism to multilingualism in a social context. The EU destiny is to carry together two antagonistic perspectives such as Unity and Diversity, which constitute its motto. Diversity is at the core of the European identity and within the institutional process itself, bringing, in terms of language, interesting issues for improving communication, through translation, interpretation and personal attitudes. Progresses towards the forms of unity that represent the integration policies and the adoption of a single currency do not lead simply to a linguistic unification, nor to the adoption of English as a common vehicular language. European elite (usually trained in English) and people (located in their own multiple languages) do not live identical linguistic situations. What is at stake is the possibility for individuals to manage several languages for being really part of a European space, which does not limit itself to national and regional boundaries.
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Meij, Arjen W. H. "Circles of Coherence: On Unity of Case-Law in the Context of Globalisation." European Constitutional Law Review 6, no. 1 (February 2010): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1574019610100054.

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Arcelor ruling – Legal pluralism in European integration – Judicial law-making transcending hierarchy – Role of courts for legal unity – Autonomy of courts under different mandates – Joint responsibility for legal coherence – Councils of State Report 2008 – Reversal of method of reference – Cilfit and Köbler prevent headway – Horizontal cooperation between national judges
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Sorokopud, Yunna Valeryevna, Yulia Zufarovna Bogdanova, and Nurgun Vyacheslavovich Afanasev. "The role of the intercultural factor in the formation of a secondary language personality in modern Europe." Personality & Society 1, no. 1 (May 26, 2020): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46502/issn.2712-8024/2020.1.4.

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Europe is one of those regions of the world where the tendency towards language unity is dual in nature - on the one hand, in the process of its spread, transnational contact English (EL) acquires regionally determined typological forms; on the other hand, there is a common European tendency of opposition to the expansion of its influence on national languages. Significant changes in their dynamics due to globalization are undergoing the functioning of the languages of the peoples of the world. Striving for the economic unity of the world, globalization is also causing a tendency towards its linguistic unity. In transnational communication of European countries, the contact EL is involved in many domestic and special areas. It develops in multilingual contexts of the European Union, which initially implies the need for transcultural and transnational communication among European communicants, within which the relationship of languages is not something fixed once and for all. The paradigm of international culture in the mentality of Europeans develops in the process of secondary socialization, when a secondary linguistic personality is formed, determined by the formal membership of the European community, regardless of the specific country of residence. The structure of the cultural component of the European transnational communication and the specificity of the linguocultural component of the EL in various European countries reflect the long process of secondary socialization and internalization of the EL, which has its own characteristics in different parts of the continent. In contrast to primary socialization, which has a universal national character, secondary socialization is aimed at the entry of the individual into the international community, for example, scientists, students, business people, bloggers, etc. Possession of EL as an instrument of secondary socialization allows representatives of various linguocultural communities to realize acquired cultural norms in both intranational and transnational communication. Within the spatial-temporal framework of European contexts, the linguocultural component of the ELis formed on the basis of the cultural component of primary socialization in the native language; passes through the emotional-personal filter of users, is made out of linguistic means at the appropriate level of knowledge of the EL and receives a secondary cultural orientation in the conditions of secondary socialization. The situation of intercultural communication arises when two or more persons belonging to different cultures interact, and members of different cultures can expect their partners to communicate and behave in the same way as they do, and not to make adjustments to their speech behavior. The paper raises questions of the vitality of culture in conditions of intensive contact, since identity in the context of globalization is a process of differentiation, fragmentation, and complementarity of systemic and subjective-objective factors. The complexity of the process of identifying a modern transcultural linguistic personality lies in the multidimensionality of identity criteria, the actualization of political, social, cultural and symbolic capital.
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Mirzaeva, Mukhayyo. "THE STUDY OF GERMAN LANGUAGE PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS." Scientific Reports of Bukhara State University 5, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52297/2181-1466/2021/5/4/4.

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Introduction. The article is devoted to analyses of the most important Kinds of Phraseologisms, their way of formation and function, and linguistic connection with European language groups. The formation of a holistic meaning based on the semantic shift of the entire component composition of a phraseological unit is a common feature of phraseological unity. The syntactic structure of these phraseological units can have several varieties, among which the phrase is especially typical. Research methods. However, the demotivation of phraseological unity does not affect either its expressiveness or its functional and stylistic affiliation. The meaning of such units, formed on the basis of a rethinking of a variable word combination, has absolute expressiveness, i.e. it is expressive regardless of the context. It exists in connection with the given material composition of the phraseological unit also in the case when that figurative core, which served as the basis for the motivation of phraseological units, gradually weakens and darkens. Consequently, the sound composition of demotivated phraseological units (idioms) is perceived by the speaker as a certain verbal complex, which has a traditionally fixed meaning, expressiveness and functional and stylistic affiliation. Results and discussions. The productive nature of paired phraseological units is confirmed by the presence of a number of productive structural types.
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BENNETT, J. M. R. "THE BRITISH LUTHER COMMEMORATION OF 1883–1884 IN EUROPEAN CONTEXT." Historical Journal 58, no. 2 (May 11, 2015): 543–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x14000235.

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AbstractIn 1883 and early 1884 the controversial commemoration of the four-hundredth birthday of Martin Luther, celebrated in Germany and worldwide, captured much British public attention. The examination of this celebration offered here will improve current understanding of late Victorian religious controversies and indicate their continuing centrality to a range of cultural and historical debates in the period. The commemoration invigorated historic antagonisms in the British religious landscape, yet it also did far more than this. The commemoration provided a platform for those who wanted to foster Protestant unity in the face of what was widely perceived to be a revived threat from ‘popery’ and religious indifference at home and abroad. Whereas some religious and not-very-religious commentators, often belonging to a younger generation, wanted closely to associate Luther's world-historical role with liberalizing intellectual and social progress, others – sceptics, Catholics, high Anglicans, older Protestants – resisted this. Arguments about Luther's life and teaching often became more broadly Victorian discussions of the family, Anglo-German affinities or antagonisms, and the nature of modernity. By relating themes in the study of modern religious history to current concerns in the history of historical writing, this article will point to wider lacunae in scholarly approaches to nineteenth-century culture.
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Weber, Till, and Craig Parsons. "Dynamic party unity: the US Congress in comparative perspective." European Political Science Review 8, no. 4 (July 28, 2015): 637–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773915000235.

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Moises Ostrogorski once denounced political parties for burying diverse concerns of pluralistic societies under monolithic electoral options. E.E. Schattschneider celebrated them for the same reason: organizing choice and ‘responsible party government’ amid pluralistic complexity. Comparativists have found both dynamics in European legislatures: most European parties exhibit the high average levels of voting unity that Schattschneider’s theory implies, but also display rather Ostrogorskian cycles of discipline, stifling dissent on divisive issues at election time. We use comparativists’ tools to explore the dynamics and normative quality of party unity in the different terrain of the US Congress. We find similar cycles of unity in roll-call voting, but in the American context – with more loosely organized parties, especially historically but still today – Ostrogorskian stifling of dissent operates against a less Schattschneiderian background. In comparative perspective, Congressional parties muffle divisive issues more effectively than they deliver governance, with tenuous implications for representation.
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Leal, Alice. "The European Union and translation studies." Translation Spaces 2 (November 15, 2013): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ts.2.04lea.

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The tension between unity versus multiplicity seems to be at the heart of the European Union (EU) and of translation studies (TS). Indeed, a significant parallel between the two is the use of English as a lingua franca (ELF). The EU appears to be torn between a notion of language as a crucial element of one’s identity on the one hand, and a predominantly instrumental, Lockean view of language, on the other. A similar dynamic appears to take place in TS, an area that is par excellence heterogeneous and in which the notion of difference plays a paramount role. Indeed, at times TS appears to be afflicted by a sense of self-consciousness regarding its lack of unity and homogeneity. According to some, the solution is to foster the standardisation of its methods and terminology. But would proposing standardised terminology in a standardised language for the area not inevitably entail repressing different approaches in different languages? The paper explores this question in the context of the use of English as a lingua franca, and proposes various ways out of the dilemma both for the EU and TS.
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Tiilikainen, Teija. "The EU in Its Own Eyes: The EU’s Power in Its Self-Understanding." European Foreign Affairs Review 16, Issue 2 (May 1, 2011): 187–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2011014.

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The European Union's (EU's or hereinafter 'Union's') self-understanding has to be perceived as one of the most essential factors shaping the EU's role in world politics. This article focuses on how the EU perceives itself as an international power. The EU's self-understanding, which first outlined European unity as a force for change in the world, moved in the Cold War context in a more state-centric direction. The protection of European security and - gradually - the EU's own territory and citizens were seen as the primary goals of the EU's power. The idea of the EU as an owner of common rights, responsibilities, and interests emerged and has been efficiently used later on in the EU's policies. With the historical enlargement, the big power identity was all the more emphasized. In the context of enlargement, the successes of European integration started to appear as a firm source of the Union's power. The EU sees itself as a large territorial actor, whose power emanates from its economic might, political unity, and a very special system of internal cooperation. The comprehensive framework of instruments is clearly viewed as the main asset of the EU's power.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Unity with the European context"

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Leuthold, Florian U. "Economic Engineering Modeling of Liberalized Electricity Markets: Approaches, Algorithms, and Applications in a European Context." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-26135.

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This dissertation focuses on selected issues in regard to the mathematical modeling of electricity markets. In a first step the interrelations of electric power market modeling are highlighted a crossroad between operations research, applied economics, and engineering. In a second step the development of a large-scale continental European economic engineering model named ELMOD is described and the model is applied to the issue of wind integration. It is concluded that enabling the integration of low-carbon technologies appears feasible for wind energy. In a third step algorithmic work is carried out regarding a game theoretic model. Two approaches in order to solve a discretely-constrained mathematical program with equilibrium constraints using disjunctive constraints are presented. The first one reformulates the problem as a mixed-integer linear program and the second one applies the Benders decomposition technique. Selected numerical results are reported.
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Harrison, Robert Vaughan. "Winston Churchill and European integration." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1985. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=129201.

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Steinhaus, Kathryn. "Valkyrie: gender, class, European relations and unity Mitford's passion for fascism." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107709.

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The English fascist and friend of Hitler, Unity Mitford, remains a controversial figure. She embodies the key social and political conflicts of the 1930s. There is considerable popular fascination with her life, yet Mitford's unique access to leaders and events of Britain and Nazi Germany makes her relevant to academic scholarship on interwar Europe. Her bizarre relationship with Adolf Hitler, the sensational media coverage of her story, and her desire to leave Britain in order to support Nazism from within Germany make Unity Mitford a fascinating lens through which to learn about gender, class, relations between European countries, and the appeal of fascism in the years before the Second World War. Her rebellions illuminate the normative values she rejected. Popular biographies and moralizing media hype are nonetheless the only texts to examine Mitford thus far. This dissertation will provide the first academic evaluation of Mitford's experience. Using feminist theory to dissect her public image as the prototype "groupie" and microhistorical methodology to move beyond biographical format, British and German sources will be integrated for the first time to provide a new contribution to understanding fascism and interwar Europe.
La fasciste anglaise et amie de Hitler, Unity Mitford, demeure un personnage controversé. Elle incarne les principaux conflits sociopolitiques des années 1930. Bien qu'il existe une fascination populaire considérable envers ce que fut la vie de Mitford, l'accès privilégié dont elle a joui auprès des dirigeants de la Grande-Bretagne et de l'Allemagne nazie, ainsi que lors d'événements marquants de l'époque, en font un sujet pertinent de recherche sur l'Europe de l'entre-deux-guerres qui mérite une étude plus approfondie. Sa relation bizarre avec Adolf Hitler, la couverture médiatique sensationnelle de son histoire et son désir de quitter la Grande-Bretagne afin de soutenir le nazisme au sein même de l'Allemagne font de Unity Mitford une lentille fascinante à travers laquelle examiner les genres, les classes humaines, les relations entre les pays européens et l'attrait exercé par le fascisme au cours des années qui ont précédé la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Ses révoltes mettent en lumière les valeurs normatives qu'elle a rejetées. Jusqu'à présent, biographies populaires et battage médiatique moralisateur ne constituent néanmoins que les seuls écrits dont Mitford a été l'objet. Le présent mémoire va fournir la toute première évaluation universitaire de l'expérience de Mitford. En mettant à contribution la théorie féministe pour disséquer l'image publique de cette femme en tant que prototype « groupie », d'une part, et la méthodologie microhistorique pour aller au-delà du genre biographique, d'autre part, pour la première fois des sources britanniques et allemandes y sont intégrées en guise de contribution nouvelle pour comprendre le fascisme et l'Europe de l'entre-deux-guerres.
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Kuznetsov, A. Yu, and V. A. Chernienko. "Marginality in the context of European integration." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/21688.

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Lewis, David Charles. "European unity and the discourse of collaboration, France and francophone Belgium, 1938-1945." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ27797.pdf.

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Stamm, Julia. "Unity in diversity? the European parliament and its elite after the 2004 enlargement." Baden-Baden Nomos, 2006. http://d-nb.info/98763545X/04.

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Stacpoole, A. J. "The ARCIC agreed statement on 'ministry and ordination' in the context of Canterbury-Rome relations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371759.

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Lim, Paul Chang-Ha. "In pursuit of unity, purity, and liberty : Richard Baxter's Puritan ecclesiology in context." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272318.

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Kayser, Robin. "Land and liberty : the Non-European Unity Movement and the land question, 1933-1976." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13448.

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This dissertation examines the political practice of the Non-European Unity Movement (NEUM) in the South African countryside during the latter half of the Twentieth Century. It demonstrates that the NEUM was the only liberation movement in South Africa which maintained that the land question was one of the most fundamental questions confronting the liberatory struggle in South Africa. It shows how the NEUM acted on their belief that the acute land-hunger experienced by the majority of the population in South Africa would be the mobilising force for a revolutionary overthrow of the existing political, social and economic order in South Africa This dissertation argues that the NEUM was the only liberation movement to consistently assign importance to the political organisation of what it termed the "landless peasantry" in the African reserves. Through a series of case studies this dissertation charts the trajectory of the NEUM's political work in the South African countryside from the early 1940s until the early 1970s. In so doing the dissertation also challenges the established historiography whic maintains that the NEUM shied away from popular struggles and did not develop into an organisation rooted among the population. The study commences with outlining the historical roots and ideological foundation of the NEUM. The bulk of the dissertation examines the practical implementation of the NEUM's political strategy in the countryside. It shows that between 1945 and the early 1960s the African reserves were seething with political ferment as rural dwellers resisted the implementation of numerous oppressive laws and regulations. Through supporting and attempting to provide direction to reserve dwellers in their struggles, the NEUM cadres gained a peasant following. By the early 1960s the NEUM laid claim to have captured the support of several numerically significant peasant organisations that emerged out of the struggles in the reserves. The final chapters of the dissertation argue that South Africa entered a "pre-revolutionary phase" in the early 1960s. They suggest that had the NEUM succeeded in gaining the necessary support in Africa to launch an armed campaign, the outcome of the liberatory struggle in South Africa may well have been fundamentally different. These chapters examine the changes in political strategy adopted by the NEUM in the early 1960s and the rapid growth of the African Peoples' Democratic Union of Southern Africa (a new national political organisation launched by the NEUM in 1961) among rural dwellers and migrant workers.
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Zahn, Rebecca Lisa. "German and British labour law in a European context following European Union enlargement." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5623.

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This thesis examines and compares German and British trade union responses in a European context following the recent European enlargements which are unprecedented in the history of the European Union. In terms of labour law, a majority of the ten Central and Eastern European countries which acceded in 2004 and 2007 combine weak domestic labour protection systems with a high proportion of workers and enterprises keen to take advantage of their free movement rights under the European Treaty. This has created a climate of fear amongst workers and trade unions in old Member States that their economic and social position is being threatened by those workers and enterprises who may avail themselves of their rights under the Treaty in order to engage in ‘social dumping’. Historically, the European Union has sought to counteract these fears by ‘europeanising’ certain aspects of national legal systems in order to alleviate competition. However, the ‘europeanisation’ of different labour law systems has always proved problematic due to the socio-cultural context within which national labour laws have developed. Following the recent European enlargements, the debate on the role of the EU in ‘europeanising’ national social and legal practices has been revived. In particular, European enlargement has thrown up changed regulatory and opportunity structures for the social partners. These structural changes at a European level have occurred primarily as a consequence of an increase in the free movement of workers, services and establishment. Against this background, the purpose of this thesis is to undertake a comparison of the responses of German and British trade unions to the challenges posed by the recent European enlargements. A successful comparison and analysis of the responses of trade unions enables a determination of the impact that trade union responses may have on new Member State workers availing themselves of their free movement rights under the EU Treaty. There is an intense debate as to how, and if, social partners at a national and European level may be able to contribute to, or hinder, the protection of new Member State workers in Germany and the UK. Depending on how trade unions respond their contribution may be viewed as positive or negative. However, this thesis yields suggestions as to how trade unions could respond in order to facilitate the integration of new Member State workers into the host labour markets and proposes a new model for studying aspects of europeanisation.
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Books on the topic "Unity with the European context"

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Heater, Derek Benjamin. The idea of European unity. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992.

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The idea of European unity. Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1992.

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1957-, Young John W., ed. Britain and European unity, 1945-1999. 2nd ed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000.

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Young, John W. Britain and European unity, 1945-1992. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993.

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Britain and European unity 1945-1992. London: Macmillan Press, 1993.

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Young, John W. Britain and European Unity, 1945–1992. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23152-2.

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Dann, Philipp, and Michał Rynkowski, eds. The Unity of the European Constitution. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-37721-4.

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Pasture, Patrick. Imagining European Unity since 1000 AD. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137480477.

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The Nordic states and European unity. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998.

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Joja, Constantin. Arhitectura românească în context european. București: Editura tehnică, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Unity with the European context"

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Kalman, Julie. "Which Belgium Won Eurovision? European Unity and Belgian Disunity." In Eurovisions: Identity and the International Politics of the Eurovision Song Contest since 1956, 73–90. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9427-0_4.

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Raczyński, Maciej, Artur Wyrwa, Marcin Pluta, and Wojciech Suwała. "Optimal Energy Portfolios in the Heating Sector and Flexibility Potentials of Combined-Heat-Power Plants and District Heating Systems." In The Future European Energy System, 219–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60914-6_12.

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AbstractThis chapter examines the role of centralized district heating (DH) systems in context of energy system flexibility and decarbonization. The analysis is performed by applying the model TIMES-Heat-EU. Capacity expansion and operation of the district heating generation units is mainly driven by the evolution of the district heating demand, which varies between the REFLEX scenarios. In all scenarios fuel and technology switches toward bioenergy and natural gas leading to CO2 emission reduction. Since the total amount of energy produced (both heat and electricity) is the highest in the High-RES centralized scenario, the corresponding CO2 emissions for district heating are the highest as well. The CO2 emissions can be reduced by ⁓60% in 2050 compared to 2015. Furthermore, the role of thermal energy storage and power-to-heat technologies is examined.
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Wegs, J. Robert. "European Unity." In Europe Since 1945, 150–67. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12349-0_8.

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Wegs, J. Robert, and Robert Ladrech. "European Unity." In Europe Since 1945, 140–58. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14052-7_8.

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Wegs, J. Robert, and Robert Ladrech. "European Unity." In Europe Since 1945, 120–38. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-21122-3_7.

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Orwell, George. "Toward European Unity." In The Pro-European Reader, 17–22. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-20034-1_3.

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Olsen, Jonathan. "Unity and Upheaval." In The European Union, 59–75. Seventh edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429440724-4.

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Miller, Stuart. "European unity and discord." In Mastering Modern European History, 465–79. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13789-3_36.

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Ebbrecht-Hartmann, Tobias. "Conclusion: ‘Unity in Diversity’?" In Docudrama on European Television, 229–38. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-49979-0_9.

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Williams, Glyn, and Gruffudd Williams. "Unity in Diversity." In Language, Hegemony and the European Union, 271–301. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33416-5_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Unity with the European context"

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Uğur, Ömer. "The Eu's Influence on Eastern European Stability in the Context of Ukrainian Crisis." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01652.

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The Ukraine crisis that started with the Euromaidan protests in November 2013 appears to be a most important security crises of the post-Cold War security order. Russia's aggression against Ukraine has not just threaten the territorial integrity or sovereignty of the EU's largest neighbour, but also it has led to a rivalry between the former Cold War enemies again and even it led to the start of a period that may cause to conflict between them. The EU's approach that established the Free Trade Area between the EU and Ukraine did not give any chance of talking to third country or organizations such as the Eurasian Union. Therefore, Russia worked hard to influence on Ukraine to abandon to sing the agreement and this happened to see Ukraine’s choice as a zero-sum game. In order to understand the effect of crisis on the EU and Russia, it have to be analysed the economic sanctions imposed by the EU against Russia to resolve the crisis through diplomatic and economic means. Thus, it is necessary to look at the economic relations between Russia and the EU and this data will be obtained in Eurostat. As a result, economic sanctions helped to move the conflict from the military to the diplomatic levels. Indeed, Russia has seen that European unity gave rise to a significant impact on its economy. Also, the EU realized that the sanctions is the most powerful tool in the hands of the EU in absence of military power.
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Chromec, Peter R., and Francis A. Ferraro. "Waste-to-Energy in the Context of Global Warming." In 16th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec16-1954.

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In December 2007 the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) took place in Bali. It was based on the IPCC report no. 4 presented in Barcelona on November 2007. The messages are briefly: • Warming of the climate system is unequivocal; • Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to human activities have grown since pre-industrial times; • Continued GHG emissions at or above current rates would cause further warming and induce many changes in the global climate system during the 21st century that would very likely be larger than those observed during the 20th century; • Key mitigation technologies in the waste sector: Landfill Gas (LFG) methane recovery; waste incineration with energy recovery; composting of organic waste; controlled waste water treatment; recycling and waste minimisation; biocovers and biofilters to optimise methane oxidation. The above by the IPCC proposed mitigation technologies for the waste sector can be categorized regarding specific waste treatment scenarios and their efficiency expressed in kg CO2 equivalent emitted per ton of waste. • Landfill w/o LFG recovery 1850 kg CO2-eq; • Landfill with LFG recovery 250–775 kg CO2-eq; • Energy-from-Waste plant −1000..−100 kg CO2-eq. With a population of little over 300 million people and a per capita municipal waste generation rate of 760 kg/person.year, the total waste generated in the USA is about 230 million Mg/year (OECD). With the treatment scenarios discussed above, the following can be stated: • If all wastes were landfilled waste disposal would correspond to 425 million tons of CO2 equivalents. • If all wastes were incinerated in Energy-from-Waste (EfW) plants, the emissions could be reduced by about 500 million tons of CO2 equivalents (about 9% of today’s US CO2 output) and make the waste management sector a GHG emissions sink. • The total electricity generated from EfW plants could be as high as 15,000 MW replacing about 50 standard 300 MW power plant units. To an average US 4 person household about 3 t/year of municipal solid wastes can be allocated, corresponding to an annual difference between landfilling without LFG recovery and EfW treatment of about 6.9 Mg CO2-eq /year. If this household wanted to achieve the same reduction of CO2 equivalent emissions by other means than having these wastes burnt in a modern EfW plant, they have the following options: • Remove one automobile from use (EPA: 6.0 Mg CO2-eq /year); • Cut household electricity consumption by 80% (EIA: 7.8 Mg CO2-eq /year). The European parliament commission has proposed to reduce CO2 emissions in Europe to 20–30% below 1990 levels. In comparison with Europe, annual GHG emissions (CO2-eq/person year) in the U.S. today are on a level about double that of the Europe. In order to achieve a similar reduction in the U.S., significant efforts have to be done on all energy fronts. Energy-from-Waste (EfW) is one of them, which at the same time solves a space and pollution problem and does not leave these issues to future generations.
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Salvado, Filipa, Maria João Falcão Silva, Paula Couto, and Manuel Baião. "Performance indicators for cost-benefit analysis applied to investment projects." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.1230.

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<p>The decision to rehabilitate buildings in a sustainable way is complex, because the associated costs require different levels of assessment, given their relevance to all stakeholders in the decision- making, and are not always easily quantifiable. Following recent decisions of the European Union, it is urgent to carry on with studies to support for sustainable rehabilitation investment projects. In this context, the use of methodologies based on Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) contributes positively to support decisions. The CBA comprise methods to evaluate the net economic impact of an investment project, and can be used for a variety of interventions. The CBA is characterized by being an evaluation model that admits monetary unity as the main measure and has been predominantly used in the context of large public investments during the second half of the twentieth century.</p><p>The present paper aims to present the CBA concepts, its application to different investment projects, identifying the procedures and phases of the methodology, as well as the presentation of the main corresponding cost-benefit performance indicators. Its importance and potential will be highlighted for various stakeholders in the decision-making process, as well as examples of its application to the construction and / or rehabilitation of: i) architectural heritage; ii) school buildings; and iii) health infrastructures. Some final remarks of the study under development, to date, will be presented and discussed as well as future developments.</p>
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Gamble, M. Todd, Rose F. Gamble, and Matthew L. Hale. "Security policy foundations in context UNITY." In Proceeding of the 7th international workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1988630.1988633.

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Bîtcă (Bunghez), Maricica-Dănuta, Gicu-Valentin Dogaru, and Razvan-Ion Chitescu. "Reform of Public Education System in Romania." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/27.

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From an epistemological perspective, the public education system is a specially developed concept to determine qualitative transformations, superior in the pedagogical reality delimited in a macro-structural context. It reflects a virtual pedagogical reality, important through its superior, formative, open, inexhaustible methodologically and praxeological potential. The main goal of the education system is to educate the further workforce, in this macro-context it is part of the global social system and should be in accordance to the transformation of the society. Education units are the base cells where the education, training programs are design, using the existing infrastructure and human resources, placing the educational process in time and space. In this research, we aim to analyze the mission, organizational and management structures of the public education service in Romania. Unpredictable, education plays an important role in any society that focuses on knowledge. Through it, the personality of the most important resource, the man, is modeled. That is why the education system has to build to provide knowledge and skills comparable with other European Union or worldwide education units.
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Embulaeva, N. Yu. "Unity Of Ethnic And Religious In Context Of Historical Transition." In SCTCGM 2018 - Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.03.02.52.

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Matsyupa, Ksenia V. "Legalese Or Lawspeak – Diversity Within The Unity." In International Scientific and Practical Conference «State and Law in the Context of Modern Challenges. European Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2022.01.68.

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Guryanov, Alexei Sergeyevich, Emilia Anvarovna Taisina, and Georgy Valerievich Avdoshin. "Consciousness As Dynamic Integrity: Sensory And Rational Unity." In International Conference on Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.11.90.

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Balasubramanian, Nallannan, Titus Iwaszkiewicz, and Jayabalan Sethuraman. "High speed visualization of gasoline pump injector (GPI)." In ILASS2017 - 28th European Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ilass2017.2017.4796.

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Two-wheeler engines still use carburetor as a fuelling system in many Asian countries, owing to its low cost andless maintenance. The usage of carburetor to handle the upcoming stringent emission norms gets difficult, due to the absence of a closed-loop fuel correction. An electronic fuel injector (EFI), on the other hand, with the help of an electronic control unit (ECU), can correct the fuel quantity and set the air-fuel mixture close to stoichiometric, based on the feedback obtained from the oxygen sensor placed in the exhaust pipe. In this context, an innovative injection system has been developed, that can be applied for such electronic fuel injection in two-wheelers. In this design, the pump and injector are integrated into a single unit, making the system, simple, compact and less expensive. The integrated injector uses a solenoid and spring arrangement, for pressurizing the fuel in a small chamber, and the pressurized fuel is then injected through orifices to produce spray in the intake port. Two-wheeler engines can operate in the order of 10,000 rpm and it poses a big challenge in such injector designs, and therefore the time response of the mechanical and magnetic components of the injector become critical. High-speed back-lit imaging helps in understanding the time response of such injector, by visualizing the spray, while injecting continuously over a period of time. This paper presents the results of high-speed images, obtained from the spray of this new-concept gasoline pump injector (GPI). This exercise, demonstrated that this injector can work at a frequency as high as 83 Hz and also consistently. The spray pattern was found to be very unique and different from the conventional PFIinjection sprays.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4796
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Embulaeva, N. Yu. "National And Religious Unity In Terms Of Historical Transit." In SCTCGM 2018 - Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.03.02.53.

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Reports on the topic "Unity with the European context"

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Colomb, Claire, and Tatiana Moreira de Souza. Regulating Short-Term Rentals: Platform-based property rentals in European cities: the policy debates. Property Research Trust, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52915/kkkd3578.

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Short-term rentals mediated by digital platforms have positive and negative impacts that are unevenly distributed among socio-economic groups and places. Detrimental impacts on the housing market and quality of life of long-term residents have been particular contentious in some cities. • In the 12 cities studied in the report (Amsterdam, Barcelona, Berlin, Brussels, Lisbon, London, Madrid, Milan, Paris, Prague, Rome and Vienna), city governments have responded differently to the growth of short-term rentals. • The emerging local regulations of short-term rentals take multiple forms and exhibit various degrees of stringency, ranging from rare cases of laissez-faire to a few cases of partial prohibition or strict quantitative control. Most city governments have sought to find a middle-ground approach that differentiates between the professional rental of whole units and the occasional rental of one’s home/ primary residence. • The regulation of short-term rentals is contentious and highly politicised. Six broad categories of interest groups and non-state actors actively participate in the debates with contrasting positions: advocates of the ‘sharing’ or ‘collaborative’ economy; corporate platforms; professional organisatons of short-term rental operators; new associations of hosts or ‘home-sharers’; the hotel and hospitality industry; and residents’ associations/citizens’ movements. • All city governments face difficulties in implementing and enforcing the regulations, due to a lack of sufficient resources and to the absence of accurate and comprehensive data on individual hosts. That data is held by corporate platforms, which have generally not accepted to release it (with a few exceptions) nor to monitor the content of their listings against local rules. • The relationships between platforms and city governments have oscillated between collaboration and conflict. Effective implementation is impossible without the cooperation of platforms. • In the context of the European Union, the debate has taken a supranational dimension, as two pieces of EU law frame the possibility — and acceptable forms — of regulation of online platforms and of short-term rentals in EU member states: the 2000 E-Commerce Directive and the 2006 Services Directive. • For regulation to be effective, the EU legal framework should be revised to ensure platform account- ability and data disclosure. This would allow city (and other ti ers of) governments to effectively enforce the regulations that they deem appropriate. • Besides, national and regional governments, who often control the legislative framework that defines particular types of short-term rentals, need to give local governments the necessary tools to be able to exercise their ‘right to regulate’ in the name of public interest objectives.
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Devine, Peter J. The United States of Europe: The Evolution of European Unity, 1918-2001. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada403968.

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Bordo, Michael, and Harold James. The European Crisis in the Context of the History of Previous Financial Crises. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19112.

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Szołtysek, Mikołaj, Siegfried Gruber, Rembrandt D. Scholz, and Barbara Zuber Goldstein. Social change and family change in a Central European urban context: Rostock 1819-1867. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, December 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2009-039.

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Szołtysek, Mikołaj, Siegfried Gruber, Rembrandt D. Scholz, and Barbara Zuber Goldstein. Social change and family change in a Central European urban context: Rostock 1819-1867. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, December 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/wp-2009-039.

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Ituen, Bassey. The European powers in Africa : can the obstacles to national unity be attributed to them? Nigeria, a test case. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.794.

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Azurmendi, Ana. Reforms to the European regional minority-language television corporations in the current context of crisis. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2013-981en.

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Stelmakh, Marta. HISTORICAL CONTEXT IN THE COLLECTION OF ARTICLES BY TIMOTHY SNYDER «UKRAINIAN HISTORY, RUSSIAN POLITICS, EUROPEAN FUTURE». Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11098.

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The article examines the problem of the image formation of Ukraine in the international arena in the historical journalism of Timothy Snyder. The subject of the research is the historical context in the journalistic collection «Ukrainian History, Russian Politics, European Future». It identifies the main considerations of the author on the past of Russian-Ukrainian relations and the need to develop historical consciousness in the fight against Russian manipulation. Methodology: the comparative, historical, system analysis and other methods are used in the process of scientific research. The results of the study were obtained by analysing the author’s journalistic works and by considering the main historical themes raised by Timothy Snyder. Main results: The historical context in Timothy Snyder’s journalism is often focused on the Holodomor and the events of World War II. After all, these events are connected with the beginning of the image formation of the Ukrainian people as supporters of Nazism by the Russian authorities and the devaluation of the Ukrainians’ contribution to the establishment of peace during the Second World War. It is determined that the non-reflective attitude to history, the inability to draw parallels between the events of the past and the future leads to an ineffective response to manipulation and propaganda, which can threaten world peace. Conclusions: the realization that Russian aggression against Ukraine has its own history is a necessary aspect in the elucidation of this issue. The Eurasian Union and cooperation with the European far-right are Russian propaganda tools that discredit the Ukrainian state in the world community. Publicist Timothy Snyder points out that Europe’s future interconnects with the past, so he emphasizes the need to study and rethink history, which today has become the object of propaganda and manipulation. Significance: The results of our study will help journalists who study the historical aspect of journalistic materials and research foreign materials on Ukrainian issues. In addition, our research is necessary for Ukraine, because Russia’s aggression continues, as well as the aggressor’s propaganda, which is based on the distortion and falsification of historical events.
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Caetano, Gerardo. Analysis and foresight of the European Union - Mercosur Association Agreement. Fundación Carolina, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtff04en.

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After a negotiation that has been ongoing for more than two decades, the “agreement in principle” between the European Union and Mercosur regarding the trade pillar, announced in June 2019, has not been confirmed. Moreover, in the current context, the perspectives that are outlined in both blocks are not auspicious, for various reasons that are analyzed. In this context, the text will analyzes the following points: i) in the absence of a specific Treaty in progress of application, it informs about the negotiations of the trade pillar, its current status, the contents of the principle of agreement signed in 2019, the possibilities of closure and ratification by the two parties and the main expected impacts; ii) the potential implications of this agreement for both the European Union and Mercosur, in particular with regard to its foreseeable consequences for the strategic autonomy of both regions and for the strengthening of multilateralism at present; and iii) the expected impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the eventual contribution of this Association Agreement in the new scenarios. The text closes with a brief overview.
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Sanz, E., P. Alonso, B. Haidar, H. Ghaemi, and L. García. Key performance indicators (KPIs). Scipedia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/prodphd.2021.9.002.

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The project “Social network tools and procedures for developing entrepreneurial skills in PhD programmes” (prodPhD) aims to implement innovative social network-based methodologies for teaching and learning entrepreneurship in PhD programmes. The multidisciplinary teaching and learning methodologies to be developed will enable entrepreneurship education to be introduced into any PhD programme, providing students with the knowledge, skills, and motivation to engage in entrepreneurial activities. However, the use of the output of the project will depend on the nature and profile of the research or scientific field. In this context, key performance indicators (KPIs) form the base on which the quality and scope of the methodologies developed in the project will be quantified and benchmarked. The project’s final product will be an online tool that higher education students can use to learn entrepreneurship from a social network perspective. Performance measurement is one of the first steps of any project and involves the choice and use of indicators to measure the effectiveness and success of the project’s methods and results. All the KPIs have been selected according to criteria of relevance, measurability, reliability, and adequacy, and they cover the process, dissemination methods, and overall quality of the project. In this document, each KPI is defined together with the units and instruments for measuring it. In the case of qualitative KPIs, five-level Likert scales are defined to improve indicator measurability and reliability. The KPIs for prodPhD are divided into three main dimensions, depending on the stage of the project they evaluate. The three main dimensions are performance and development (which are highly related to the project’s process), dissemination and impact (which are more closely correlated with the project’s output), and overall project quality. Different sources (i.e., European projects and papers) have been drawn upon to define a set of 51 KPIs classified into six categories, according to the project phase they aim to evaluate. An Excel tool has been developed that collects all the KPIs analysed in the production of this document. This tool is shared in the Scipedia repository.
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