To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Universal Functions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Universal Functions'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Universal Functions.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Ura, Hiroyuki. "Checking theory and grammatical functions in universal grammar /." New York [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press, 2000. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0605/99023232-d.html.
Full text
2
Beise, Hans-Peter [Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller. "Universal and Frequently Universal Functions of Exponential Type / Hans-Peter Beise ; Betreuer: Jürgen Müller." Trier : Universität Trier, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1197697012/34.
Full text
3
Pohl, Daniel [Verfasser], Oliver [Gutachter] Roth, and Jürgen [Gutachter] Müller. "Universal Locally Univalent Functions and Universal Conformal Metrics / Daniel Pohl ; Gutachter: Oliver Roth, Jürgen Müller." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1180286685/34.
Full text
4
Groft, Chad. "Isoperimetric functions on the universal covers of compact spaces /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
Full text
5
Abidin, Aysajan. "Weaknesses of Authentication inQuantum Cryptography and Strongly Universal Hash Functions." Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-57290.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Authentication is an indispensable part of Quantum Cryptography, which is an unconditionally secure key distribution technique based on the laws of nature. Without proper authentication, Quantum Cryptography is vulnerable to “man-in-the-middle” attacks. Therefore, to guarantee unconditional security of any Quantum Cryptographic protocols, the authentication used must also be unconditionally secure. The standard in Quantum Cryptography is to use theWegman-Carter authentication, which is unconditionally secure and is based on the idea of universal hashing.</p><p>In this thesis, we first investigate properties of a Strongly Universal hash function family to facilitate understanding the properties of (classical) authentication used in Quantum Cryptography. Then, we study vulnerabilities of a recently proposed authentication protocol intended to rule out a "man-in-the-middle" attack on Quantum Cryptography. Here, we point out that the proposed authentication primitive is not secure when used in a generic Quantum Cryptographic protocol. Lastly, we estimate the lifetime of authentication using encrypted tags when the encryption key is partially known. Under simplifying assumptions, we derive that the lifetime is linearly dependent on the length of the authentication key. Experimental results that support the theoretical results are also presented.</p>
6
Abidin, Aysajan. "Authentication in Quantum Key Distribution : Security Proof and Universal Hash Functions." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Informationskodning, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-91265.
Full textAbstract:
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a secret key agreement technique that consists of two parts: quantum transmission and measurement on a quantum channel, and classical post-processing on a public communication channel. It enjoys provable unconditional security provided that the public communication channel is immutable. Otherwise, QKD is vulnerable to a man-in-the-middle attack. Immutable public communication channels, however, do not exist in practice. So we need to use authentication that implements the properties of an immutable channel as well as possible. One scheme that serves this purpose well is the Wegman-Carter authentication (WCA), which is built upon Almost Strongly Universal2 (ASU2) hashing. This scheme uses a new key in each authentication attempt to select a hash function from an ASU2 family, which is then used to generate the authentication tag for a message. The main focus of this dissertation is on authentication in the context of QKD. We study ASU2 hash functions, security of QKD that employs a computationally secure authentication, and also security of authentication with a partially known key. Specifically, we study the following. First, Universal hash functions and their constructions are reviewed, and as well as a new construction of ASU2 hash functions is presented. Second, security of QKD that employs a specific computationally secure authentication is studied. We present detailed attacks on various practical implementations of QKD that employs this authentication. We also provide countermeasures and prove necessary and sufficient conditions for upgrading the security of the authentication to the level of unconditional security. Third, Universal hash function based multiple authentication is studied. This uses a fixed ASU2 hash function followed by one-time pad encryption, to keep the hash function secret. We show that the one-time pad is necessary in every round for the authentication to be unconditionally secure. Lastly, we study security of the WCA scheme, in the case of a partially known authentication key. Here we prove tight information-theoretic security bounds and also analyse security using witness indistinguishability as used in the Universal Composability framework.<br>ICG QC
7
Abidin, Aysajan. "Weaknesses of Authentication in Quantum Cryptography and Strongly Universal Hash Functions." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tillämpad matematik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-57290.
Full textAbstract:
Authentication is an indispensable part of Quantum Cryptography, which is an unconditionally secure key distribution technique based on the laws of nature. Without proper authentication, Quantum Cryptography is vulnerable to “man-in-the-middle” attacks. Therefore, to guarantee unconditional security of any Quantum Cryptographic protocols, the authentication used must also be unconditionally secure. The standard in Quantum Cryptography is to use theWegman-Carter authentication, which is unconditionally secure and is based on the idea of universal hashing. In this thesis, we first investigate properties of a Strongly Universal hash function family to facilitate understanding the properties of (classical) authentication used in Quantum Cryptography. Then, we study vulnerabilities of a recently proposed authentication protocol intended to rule out a "man-in-the-middle" attack on Quantum Cryptography. Here, we point out that the proposed authentication primitive is not secure when used in a generic Quantum Cryptographic protocol. Lastly, we estimate the lifetime of authentication using encrypted tags when the encryption key is partially known. Under simplifying assumptions, we derive that the lifetime is linearly dependent on the length of the authentication key. Experimental results that support the theoretical results are also presented.<br>ICG QC
8
Gomes, Victor pereira. "Funções recursivas primitivas: caracterização e alguns resultados para esta classe de funções." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8514.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-08-10T14:17:41Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
arquivo total.pdf: 975005 bytes, checksum: 6f8194b9c0cb9c0bbd07b1d2b0ba4b9e (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T14:17:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
arquivo total.pdf: 975005 bytes, checksum: 6f8194b9c0cb9c0bbd07b1d2b0ba4b9e (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2016-06-21<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>The class of primitive recursive functions is not a formal version to the class of algorithmic functions, we study this special class of numerical functions due to the fact of that many of the functions known as algorithmic are primitive recursive. The approach on the class of primitive recursive functions aims to explore this special class of functions and from that, present solutions for the following problems: (1) given the class of primitive recursive derivations, is there an algorithm, that is, a mechanical procedure for recognizing primitive recursive derivations? (2) Is there a universal function for the class of primitive recursive functions? If so, is this function primitive recursive? (3) Are all the algorithmic functions primitive recursive? To provide solutions to these issues, we base on the hypothetical-deductive method and argue based on the works of Davis (1982), Mendelson (2009), Dias e Weber (2010), Rogers (1987), Soare (1987), Cooper (2004), among others. We present the theory of Turing machines which is a formal version to the intuitive notion of algorithm, and after that the famous Church-Turing tesis which identifies the class of algorithmic functions with the class of Turing-computable functions. We display the class of primitive recursive functions and show that it is a subclass of Turing-computable functions. Having explored the class of primitive recursive functions we proved as results that there is a recognizer algorithm to the class of primitive recursive derivations; that there is a universal function to the class of primitive recursive functions which does not belong to this class; and that not every algorithmic function is primitive recursive.<br>A classe das funções recursivas primitivas não constitui uma versão formal para a classe das funções algorítmicas, estudamos esta classe especial de funções numéricas devido ao fato de que muitas das funções conhecidas como algorítmicas são recursivas primitivas. A abordagem acerca da classe das funções recursivas primitivas tem como objetivo explorar esta classe especial de funções e, a partir disto, apresentar soluções para os seguintes problemas: (1) dada a classe das derivações recursivas primitivas, há um algoritmo, ou seja, um procedimento mecânico, para reconhecer derivações recursivas primitivas? (2) Existe uma função universal para a classe das funções recursivas primitivas? Se sim, essa função é recursiva primitiva? (3) Toda função algorítmica é recursiva primitiva? Para apresentar soluções para estas questões, nos pautamos no método hipotético-dedutivo e argumentamos com base nos manuais de Davis (1982), Mendelson (2009), Dias e Weber (2010), Rogers (1987), Soare (1987), Cooper (2004), entre outros. Apresentamos a teoria das máquinas de Turing, que constitui uma versão formal para a noção intuitiva de algoritmo, e, em seguida, a famosa tese de Church-Turing, a qual identifica a classe das funções algorítmicas com a classe das funções Turing-computáveis. Exibimos a classe das funções recursivas primitivas, e mostramos que a mesma constitui uma subclasse das funções Turing-computáveis. Tendo explorado a classe das funções recursivas primitivas, como resultados, provamos que existe um algoritmo reconhecedor para a classe das derivações recursivas primitivas; que existe uma função universal para a classe das funções recursivas primitivas a qual não pertence a esta classe; e que nem toda função algorítmica é recursiva primitiva.
9
Ahmed, Istiaque, and s3119889@student rmit edu au. "Canonical and Perturbed Quantum Potential-Well Problems: A Universal Function Approach." RMIT University. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080108.124715.
Full textAbstract:
The limits of the current micro-scale electronics technology have been approaching rapidly. At nano-scale, however, the physical phenomena involved are fundamentally different than in micro-scale. Classical and semi-classical physical principles are no longer powerful enough or even valid to describe the phenomena involved. The rich and powerful concepts in quantum mechanics have become indispensable. There are several commercial software packages already available for modeling and simulation of the electrical, magnetic, and mechanical characteristics and properties of the nano-scale devices. However, our objective here is to go one step further and create a physics-based problem-adapted solution methodology. We carry out computation for eigenfunctions of canonical and the associated perturbed quantum systems and utilize them as co-ordinate functions for solving more complex problems. We have profoundly worked with the infinite quantum potential-well problem, since they have closed-form solutions and therefore are analytically known eigenfunctions. Perturbation of the infinite quantum potential-well was done through a single box function, multiple box functions, and with a triangular function. The proposed solution concept utilizes the notion of
10
Pinheiro, Leonardo V. "Chaotic Extensions for General Operators on a Hilbert Subspace." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1399157158.
Full text
11
Célariès, Benjamin. "Opérateurs et semi-groupes d’opérateurs sur des espaces de fonctions holomorphes : Applications à la théorie de l’universalité." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1077/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les travaux de cette thèse relèvent du domaine de la théorie des opérateurs, et se situent à l'interface de l'analyse complexe, de la théorie des semi-groupes et de la théorie de l'universalité. Le premier résultat principal de cette thèse relève de l'étude des opérateurs de composition sur des espaces de fonctions holomorphes : nous déterminons le spectre d'un opérateur de composition par un symbole de Koenigs sur l'espace des fonctions holomorphes sur le disque unité, et en déduisons des informations sur la forme générale du spectre des opérateurs de composition par un symbole de Koenigs sur des espaces de Banach de fonctions holomorphes. L'outil principal que nous développons pour notre étude est une description des projections spectrales associées à ces opérateurs. Le second résultat principal de cette thèse relève de la théorie de l'universalité : nous étendons aux semi-groupes d'opérateurs la notion d'opérateur universel, et établissons l'existence d'un semi-groupe universel pour les semi-groupes quasi-contractifs en exhibant un semi-groupe sur un espace de fonctions holomorphes. Nous élargissons ensuite ce résultats aux semi-groupes d'opérateurs concaves<br>The works in this thesis address topics from operator theory and involves ideas and notions arising from complex analysis, the theory of operator semigroups and the theory of universality. The first main result of this thesis relates to the study of composition operators on spaces of holomorphic functions: we compute the spectrum of an operator of composition by a Koenigs's symbol acting on the space of holomorphic functions on the open unit disk, and derive from it the general description of the spectrum of composition operators on Banach spaces of holomorphic functions. The key tool we develop in this study is a description of spectral projections associated with such operators.The second main result of this thesis relates to the thoery of universality: we extend to operator semigroups the notion of universality. Then, we prove the existence of a universal semigroup for quasi-contractive operators semigroups. We then show a similar result for concave semigroups
12
Fairey, Gareth A. "Universal properties in topology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365709.
Full text
13
Rohr, Alexander. "A universal realizability model for sequential functional computation." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://elib.tu-darmstadt.de/diss/000351.
Full text
14
Wang, Lijin. "Variational integrators and generating functions for stochastic Hamiltonian systems." Karlsruhe : Univ.-Verl. Karlsruhe, 2007. http://www.uvka.de/univerlag/volltexte/2007/258/.
Full text
15
Tiikkainen, M. (Martti). "Automated functional coverage driven verification with Universal Verification Methodology." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201711033027.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. In this Master’s thesis, the validity of Universal Verification Methodology in digital design verification is studied. A brief look into the methodology’s history is taken, and its unique properties and object-oriented features are presented. Important coverage topics in project planning are discussed, and the two main types of coverage, code and functional coverage, are explained and the methods how they are captured are presented.
The practical section of this thesis shows the implementation of a monitoring environment and an Universal Verification Methodology environment. The monitoring environment includes class-based components that are used to collect functional coverage from an existing SystemVerilog test bench. The Universal Verification Methodology environment uses the same monitoring system, but a different driving setup to stress the design under test. Coverage and simulation performance values are extracted and from all test benches and the data is compared. The results indicate that the Universal Verification Methodology environment incorporating constrained random stimulus is capable of faster simulation run times and better code coverage values. The simulation time measured was up to 26 % faster compared to a module-based environment.Automaattinen toiminnallisen kattavuuden ohjaama verifiointi universaalilla varmennusmenetelmällä. Tiivistelmä. Tässä diplomityössä tutkitaan universaalin varmennusmenetelmän (Universal Verification Methodology) soveltuvuutta digitaalisten laitteiden verifiointiin. Työssä tehdään lyhyt katsaus menetelmän historiaan. Lisäksi menetelmän omia ainutlaatuisia ja olio-pohjaisia ominaisuuksia käydään läpi. Kattavuuteen liittyviä käsitteitä esitetään projektihallinnan näkökulmasta. Kattavuudesta käsitellään toiminnallinen ja koodikattavuus, ja tavat, miten näitä molempia kerätään simulaatioista.
Työn käytännön osuudessa esitetään monitorointiympäristön ja universaalin varmennusmenetelmän pohjalta tehdyn ympäristön toteutus. Monitorointi-ympäristössä on luokkapohjaisia komponentteja, joiden avulla kerätään toiminnallista kattavuutta jo olemassa olevasta testipenkistä. Universaalin varmennusmenetelmän pohjalta tehdyssä ympäristössä on samojen monitorointikomponenttien lisäksi testattavan kohteen ohjaamiseen vaadittavia komponentteja. Eri testipenkeistä kerätään kattavuuteen ja suorituskykyyn liittyvää dataa vertaamista varten. Tulokset viittaavat siihen, että rajoitettua satunnaista herätettä hyödykseen käyttävät universaalit varmennusmenetelmäympäristöt pääsevät nopeampiin suoritusaikoihin ja parempiin koodikattavuuslukuihin. Simulaation suoritusaikaan saatiin parhaassa tapauksessa jopa 26 % parannus.
16
Solomons, Deon Mark. "The wave function of the universe." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18248.
Full textAbstract:
In Quantum Cosmology, universe states are treated as wave function solutions to a zero-energy Schroedinger equation that is hyperbolic in its second derivatives of spatial geometries and matter-fields. In order to select one wave function (that would in principle correspond to our Universe) out of infinitely many, requires an appropriate boundary condition. The Hartle-Hawking No Boundary and the Vilenkin Tunneling proposals are examples of such boundary conditions. We review their applications and shortcomings in the context of the Inflationary Scenario. Another boundary condition is that of S.W. Hawing and D.N. Page (1990) in the context of wormholes. Wormholes are generally considered to play a major role in setting the cosmological constant to zero and to provide a mechanism for black hole evaporation. It is significant that we are able to show that even the class of bulk matter wormhole instantons found by Carlini and Mijic (1990) are predicted in the quantum theory. However, unresolved issues and newfound problems seem to threaten the wormhole theory. Furthermore, since there are no a priori notions of time (and space) present in the quantum theory, it is important to show exactly how the notion of time is recovered over distances much larger than the Planck scale. A good notion of time is also essential for any quantum theory to predict the correct classical behaviour for the Universe today. The issue of time inevitably re-emerges throughout our work.
17
Yu, Leixiao [Verfasser]. "Universal Polymer Coatings with Tailorable Bioinert and Biospecific Function / Leixiao Yu." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160235767/34.
Full text
18
Kirby, Simon. "Function, selection and innateness : the emergence of language universals." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21340.
Full textAbstract:
A central topic for linguistic theory is the degree to which the communicative function of language influences its form. In particular many so-called functional explanations argue that cross-linguistic constraints can be explained with reference to pressures imposed by processing. In apparent opposition to this is the innatist stance which claims that universals are properties imposed by an autonomous language module. This thesis approaches the issues raised by this conflict by examining the nature of the link between processing and universals. The starting point for the work, then, is not the discovery of new universals nor new explanations, but the question "exactly how do processing theories that have been proposed give rise to the universals that they claim to explain?" Careful investigation of this problem proves to be fruitful in highlighting the roles of innateness and function in explaining universals. The methodology chosen involves computational simulations of language as a complex adaptive system, in which language universals appear as emergent properties of the dynamics of the system and the influence of processing on use. This influence is characterised as a differential selection of competing variant forms. The simulation approach is first used to demonstrate the plausibility of a recent parsing explanation for word order universals. An extension of the model to deal with hierarchical universals relating to relative clauses leads to the conclusion that current explanations of hierarchies in general are incomplete. Instead, it is argued that implicational hierarchies are the result of competing processing pressures, in particular between morphological and parsing complexity. Further examination of relative clause processing and universals leads to an apparent flaw in the approach put forward. It is noted that not all processing pressures appear to show up as universals, challenging the explanatory adequacy of the functional explanations.
19
Melo, Martínez Carlos Eduardo. "Análisis Geoestadístico Espacio Tiempo Basado en Distancias y Splines con Aplicaciones." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/101202.
Full textAbstract:
Se propusieron innovaciones en la predicción espacio y espacio-temporal, a partir de métodos geoestadísticos y de funciones de base radial (RBF), considerando métodos basados en distancias. En este sentido, por medio de las distancias entre las variables explicativas, incorporadas específicamente en la regresión basada en distancias, se propusieron modificaciones en: el método kriging universal y en la interpolación con splines espacial y espacio-temporal usando las RBF.
El método basado en la distancia se utiliza en un modelo Geoestadístico para estimar la tendencia y la estructura de covarianza. Esta estrategia aprovecha al máximo la información existente, debido a la relación entre las observaciones, mediante el uso de una descomposición espectral de una distancia seleccionada y las coordenadas principales correspondientes.
Para el método propuesto kriging universal basado en distancias (DBUK), se realizó un estudio de simulación que permitió comparar la capacidad predictiva del método tradicional kriging universal con respecto a kriging universal basado en distancias; mientras que en la interpolación con Splines espacial y espacio-temporal, los estudios de simulación permitieron comparar el funcionamiento de las funciones de base radial espaciales y espaciotemporales, considerando en la tendencia las coordenadas principales generadas a partir de las variables explicativas mixtas mediante el uso del método basado en distancias.
El método propuesto DBUK muestra, tanto en las simulaciones como en las aplicaciones, ventajas en la reducción del error con respecto al método clásico de krigeado universal. Esta reducción de los errores se asocia a una mejor modelización de la tendencia y a un menor error en el ajuste y modelado del variograma, al considerar las coordenadas principales obtenidas a partir de las variables explicativas mixtas. Entre muchas otras posibles causas, el error es generado por omisión de variables y por considerar formas funcionales incorrectas.
El estudio de simulación muestra que el método propuesto DBUK es mejor que el método de krigeado universal tradicional ya que se encontró una notoria reducción del error, asociada a un RMSPE más pequeño, esta reducción en general fue superior al 10%. El método DBUK podrá producir una mejor estimación de la variable regionalizada si el número de coordenadas principales se incrementa. Esto es posible, incluyendo las coordenadas principales más significativas tanto en modelo de tendencia como en el variograma; se presenta una aplicación que ilustra este hecho.
Los métodos propuestos de interpolación espacial basada en distancias con RBF (DBSIRBF) e interpolación espacio-temporal basada en distancias con RBF (DBSTIRBF) analizados mediante una estructura de krigeado considerando en la tendencia las coordenadas principales, presentan un buen funcionamiento al trabajar con vecindarios grandes, indicando en general que se tendrá un menor error asociado a un RMSPE más pequeño
En diversos estudios, la detección de variabilidad entre zonas es una tarea muy difícil, y por lo cual los métodos propuestos DBUK, DBSIRBF y DBSTIRBF son útiles de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en la tesis, ya que aprovechan al máximo la información existente asociada a las variables explicativas. Aunque la correlación de las variables explicativas puede ser baja con respecto a la variable respuesta, el punto clave en los métodos propuestos es la correlación entre las coordenadas principales (construida con las variables explicativas) y la variable respuesta.
Los métodos propuestos se aplicaron a datos agronómicos (Concentración de calcio medido a una profundidad de 0-20 cm de Brasil) y climatológicos (Temperaturas medias diarias de la Tierra en Croacia en el año 2008). Los resultados de validación cruzada “leave-one-out” mostraron un buen rendimiento de los predictores propuestos, lo cual indica que se pueden utilizar como métodos alternos y validos a los tradicionales para el modelado de variables correlacionadas espacialmente y espacio-temporalmente, considerando siempre covariables en la remoción de la tendencia.<br>Space-time geostatistical analysis based on distances and splines with applications.
Innovations were proposed in the space and space-time prediction, based on geostatistical methods and radial basis function (RBF), considering distance-based methods. In this sense, through the distances between the explanatory variables, specifically incorporated in the regression based on distances, changes were proposed in: the universal kriging and interpolation with space and space-time splines using RBF.
The distance-based method is used in a geostatistical model to estimate the trend and the covariance structure. This strategy takes full advantage of existing information, because of the relationship between the observations, using a spectral decomposition of a selected distance and the corresponding principal coordinates.
For the universal kriging method proposed based on distances (DBUK), we performed a simulation study, which allowed to compare the predictive capacity of traditional universal kriging over universal kriging based on distances. The simulation study shows that the proposed method DBUK, is better than the traditional universal kriging method and was found a marked reduction of error associated with a smaller RMSPE, this reduction was generally greater than 10%.
Spatial and spatio-temporal spline interpolation in simulation studies possible to compare the performance of space and spatio-temporal radial basis functions, considering the trend in the principal coordinates generated from the mixed explanatory variables using the method based distances.
The proposed spatial interpolation methods based on distances with RBF (DBSIRBF) and spatio-temporal interpolation based on distances RBF (DBSTIRBF) analyzed through kriging structure whereas in the trend the principal coordinates, show good performance when working with large neighborhoods, indicating that in general will have less error associated with a smaller RMSPE. The key point in the proposed methods is the correlation between the principal coordinates (constructed with the explanatory variables) and the response variable.
The proposed methods were applied to agronomic data (concentration of calcium measured at a depth of 0-20 cm from Brazil) and climatological (average daily temperature of the Earth in Croatia in 2008). The results of cross-validation "leave-one-out" showed a good performance of the proposed predictors, indicating that can be used as alternative methods to traditional and valid for the modeling of spatially correlated variables in space and time, always considering covariates in the removal of the trend.
20
Hinze, Thomas, and Monika Sturm. "A universal functional approach to DNA computing and its experimental practicability." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-100882.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid developments in the field of DNA computing reflects two substantial questions: 1. Which models for DNA based computation are really universal? 2. Which model fulfills the requirements to a universal lab-practicable programmable DNA computer that is based on one of these models? This paper introduces the functional model DNA-HASKELL focussing its lab-practicability. This aim could be reached by specifying the DNA based operations in accordiance to an analysis of molecular biological processes. The specification is determined by an abstraction level that includes nucleotides and strand end labels like 5'-phosphate. Our model is able to describe DNA algorithms for any NP-complete problem - here exemplified by the knapsacik problem - as well as it is able to simulate some established mathematical models for computation. We point out the splicing operation as an example. The computational completeness of DNA-HASKELL can be supposed. This paper is based on discussions about the potenzial and limits of DNA computing, in particular the practicability of a universal DNA computer.
21
Hinze, Thomas, and Monika Sturm. "A universal functional approach to DNA computing and its experimental practicability." Technische Universität Dresden, 2000. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26319.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid developments in the field of DNA computing reflects two substantial questions: 1. Which models for DNA based computation are really universal? 2. Which model fulfills the requirements to a universal lab-practicable programmable DNA computer that is based on one of these models? This paper introduces the functional model DNA-HASKELL focussing its lab-practicability. This aim could be reached by specifying the DNA based operations in accordiance to an analysis of molecular biological processes. The specification is determined by an abstraction level that includes nucleotides and strand end labels like 5'-phosphate. Our model is able to describe DNA algorithms for any NP-complete problem - here exemplified by the knapsacik problem - as well as it is able to simulate some established mathematical models for computation. We point out the splicing operation as an example. The computational completeness of DNA-HASKELL can be supposed. This paper is based on discussions about the potenzial and limits of DNA computing, in particular the practicability of a universal DNA computer.
22
Redpath, Stuart Frederick. "Universal approximation properties of feedforward artificial neural networks." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015869.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis we summarise several results in the literature which show the approximation capabilities of multilayer feedforward artificial neural networks. We show that multilayer feedforward artificial neural networks are capable of approximating continuous and measurable functions from Rn to R to any degree of accuracy under certain conditions. In particular making use of the Stone-Weierstrass and Hahn-Banach theorems, we show that a multilayer feedforward artificial neural network can approximate any continuous function to any degree of accuracy, by using either an arbitrary squashing function or any continuous sigmoidal function for activation. Making use of the Stone-Weirstrass Theorem again, we extend these approximation capabilities of multilayer feedforward artificial neural networks to the space of measurable functions under any probability measure.
23
Pollino, Joel Matthew. "The "Universal Polymer Backbone" concept." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11112004-143714/unrestricted/pollino%5Fjoel%5Fm%5F200412%5Fphd.pdf.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.<br>Weck, Marcus, Committee Chair ; Jones, Christopher, Committee Member ; Collard, David, Committee Member ; Liotta, Charles, Committee Member ; Bunz, Uwe, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references.
24
Matshawule, Siyambonga Donald. "Probing the large-scale structure of the universe with correlation functions." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4280.
Full textAbstract:
>Magister Scientiae - MSc<br>In this project we explore a new statistical package called KSTAT that computes the 2PCF and higher order correlation functions, such as the 3PCF, on BOSS, making use of high performance computing facilities to improve optimization. The higher order statistics such as the 3PCF can be used to probe primordial non-Gaussianity. We present the first and most precise measurements of the reduced 3PCF (Q) measured using KSTAT on the DR10 data release at higher redshift, DR10 CMASS p z 0:5q and LOWZ p z 0:3q. Our reduced 3PCF results at low redshift z 0:3 are consistent with those of McBride et al. (2011a) at z 0:104 in the SDSS LRG sample. In this initial analysis, we have found no evidence of evolution of the 3PCF on small and large scales, however we do
observe the characteristic U shape of the reduced 3PCF as one increases scale
25
Fischer, Jeffrey James. "Toward understanding the function of the universally conserved GTPase HflX." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, c2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3313.
Full textAbstract:
Members of the ubiquitous GTPase superfamily regulate numerous cellular functions. A core group of eight GTPases are present in all domains of life: initiation factor 2, elongation factors Tu and G, protein secretion factors Ffh and FtsY, and the poorly characterized factors YihA, YchF, and HflX. While the first five members have well defined roles in the essential cellular process of protein synthesis, a role for YihA, YchF and HflX in this process has only recently been suggested. Here, a detailed kinetic analysis examining the interaction between HflX and its cellular partners is described. 50S and 70S ribosomal particles function as GTPase activating factors for HflX by stabilizing the nucleotide binding pocket of HflX, inducing a “GTPase activated” state. These data indicates a novel mode of GTPase activation, and suggests a role for HflX in regulating translation.<br>xii, 185 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm
26
Brusaferro, Doniray. "Series Solutions of Polarized Gowdy Universes." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4777.
Full textAbstract:
Einstein's field equations are a system of ten partial differential equations. For a special class of spacetimes known as Gowdy spacetimes, the number of equations is reduced due to additional structure of two dimensional isometry groups with mutually orthogonal Killing vectors. In this thesis, we focus on a particular model of Gowdy spacetimes known as the polarized T3 model, and provide an explicit solution to Einstein's equations.
27
Sâmia, Carolina Olsson Folino. "Cozinha funcional: análise do espaço e do usuário idoso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16134/tde-30042010-100508/.
Full textAbstract:
Trata da ergonomia aplicada aos espaços da habitação, com foco na cozinha e no usuário idoso. A escolha da cozinha como ambiente a ser estudado se deu ao fato, dos desafios ergonômicos encontrados nesse espaço: diversidade de atividades, diversidade de usuários, manipulação de equipamentos, circulação de pessoas entre outras. A pesquisa traz um pouco do histórico da evolução desse espaço destinado, prioritariamente, ao cozinhar e como esse espaço foi se modificando ao longo do tempo. Identifica a cozinha como um local da casa onde todos os moradores, sejam crianças, adultos, homens e mulheres fazem uso de alguma forma. Em um segundo momento, a pesquisa traz conceitos de design, que defendem a adequação do espaço construído ao uso eqüitativo de todos os usuários e a preocupação em se projetar com o foco no usuário. Busca-se conhecer as implicações das atividades humanas perante as soluções espaciais adotadas nos projetos de habitações. O idoso foi escolhido como personagem de estudo, por apresentar as dificuldades comuns a todos os usuários da cozinha, entretanto potencializadas e pela defesa de que um lar adaptado lhe trará uma maior autonomia e conseqüente melhoria na qualidade de vida. Por fim, o trabalho apresenta recomendações para o projeto de uma cozinha segura e adequada a todos os usuários. Pretende-se que os dados apresentados possam ser aplicados na prática projetual e que provoquem uma reflexão que traga melhorias na adequação de moradias.<br>With the ergonomic functions applied to the dwelling spaces focusing on kitchen used by elderly people. The choice of the kitchen as subject of studies results from the existing ergonomic difficulties found in this environment such as: diversity of users and functions, handling of several equipments, peoples circulation, among others. This reserch brings up a bit of the evolutions history of this space meant mainly to cook and how it has been changed througt the centuries. It also point out this space as a place that every resident, somehow, sometime, use no matter of age or sex. After that, the research focus on design concepts that justifies the utility adaptations in the kitchen to the safe use of all residents, and better knowledge of human activities related to the adopted spacial solutions in the housing planning. The elderly people were chosen as study subject for all difficulties they have, as every kitchen user, encreased by the lost of mobility. One adapted home will give them independence and a better quality of life. Finally, this study present suggestions for a kitchen project that is safe and suitable for all users. All collected items shown here is intended to be used while projecting and to bring up deeper thoughts on better and safer dwellings.
28
Chapman, Robert. "Gamma-ray bursts in the local universe." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/2809.
Full textAbstract:
With energy outputs >~10^51 erg in 0.1-1000 seconds, Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful events yet observed in the Universe. As such they are potential probes of the very early Universe, back to the era of re-ionisation and the first stars, but at the same time they have been observed to span a wide range in luminosity and redshift from the relatively local Universe (z~0.0085) out to z~6.29. GRBs divide into two classes based primarily on their duration as measured by T90 (the time taken to observe 90% of the total burst fluence). Long bursts (L-GRBs) have T90>~2 seconds, and shorts (S-GRBs) T90<~2 seconds. Though much has been learned regarding long duration GRBs since the first afterglow discovery in 1997 (including their likely association with massive core collapse supernovae), much remains unknown regarding short duration GRBs. In this work, after a brief historical introduction and review, we present analyses of the angular cross-correlation on the sky of short GRBs from the BATSE catalogue with galaxies in the local Universe sampled from the PSCz Redshift Survey and the Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies (RC3). In particular we show that 20%+/-8% (1 sigma) of all BATSE short duration bursts (localised to 10 degrees or better) show correlation with galaxy samples (morphological T-type<=4) within ~112 Mpc. Our statistics thus provide evidence that a substantial fraction of BATSE short GRBs show a tendency to be associated with large scale structure on the sky traced by a variety of galaxy types. Short GRBs are believed to be produced in the final merger of compact object (neutron star-neutron star or neutron star-black hole) binaries, though other possible progenitors are known to exist. The short initial spike of a giant flare from a Soft Gamma Repeater (SGR) such as the December 27th 2004 event from SGR1806-20 would have been detectable by BATSE as a short GRB if it occurred in a galaxy within ~30-50 Mpc (assuming a distance to SGR1806-20 of 15 kpc). Using the observed luminosities and rates of Galactic SGR giant flares, as well as theoretical predictions for the rate of binary mergers, we investigate the ability of plausible Luminosity Functions (LF), singly and in combination, to reproduce our observed correlations and a cosmological S-GRB population. We find the correlations are best explained by a separate population of lower luminosity S-GRBs, with properties consistent with them being due to giant flares from extra-galactic SGRs. Overall predicted number counts are a good fit to the observed BATSE number counts, and furthermore, the wider redshift distribution is consistent with the early Swift S-GRB redshift distribution. The three closest GRBs which have been observed to date were all long duration bursts, and we have therefore also searched for cross-correlation signals between the BATSE long GRBs and local galaxies. The three nearby bursts shared several similar properties such as being under-luminous, spectrally soft and of low variability. We have therefore also investigated a subset of L-GRBs with light curve properties similar to these known nearby bursts. The whole sample is found to exhibit a correlation level consistent with zero (1 sigma upper limit=10%, equivalent to 144 bursts) out to a radius of ~155 Mpc, but a spectrally soft, low observed fluence and low variability subset shows a correlation level of 28%+/-16% (=50+/-28 bursts) within 155 Mpc. These results are consistent with low-luminosity, low-variability bursts being a separate sub-class of L-GRBs which may be much more prevalent in the local Universe than their high-luminosity, cosmologically distant counterparts. To investigate this further, we once again examined plausible luminosity functions for single and dual high and low luminosity populations, based on observed intrinsic rates from the literature. The local population was once again found only to be produced to a sufficient level (while maintaining consistency with the observed overall number counts) by a separate low luminosity population with intrinsic rates several hundred times greater than their cosmological counterparts. Constraining the models via the Swift overall redshift distribution instead of threshold-adjusted BATSE number counts showed that the dual LF models were able to produce excellent fits to the entire redshift distribution while adequately reproducing a local population. Finally, suggestions are made as to the direction future work may follow in order to build on these initial investigations, as well as to how observations with future missions and detectors such as Fermi (formerly GLAST), Advanced LIGO and LOFAR may shed further light on nearby GRBs.
29
Prieur, Michaël. "Functional elements and engineering template-based product development process application for the support of stamping tool design /." Karlsruhe : Univ.-Verl. Karlsruhe, 2006. http://www.uvka.de/univerlag/volltexte/2006/154/.
Full text
30
Tinker, Jeremy L., Joel R. Brownstein, Hong Guo, Alexie Leauthaud, Claudia Maraston, Karen Masters, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, et al. "The Correlation between Halo Mass and Stellar Mass for the Most Massive Galaxies in the Universe." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624043.
Full textAbstract:
We present measurements of the clustering of galaxies as a function of their stellar mass in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. We compare the clustering of samples using 12 different methods for estimating stellar mass, isolating the method that has the smallest scatter at fixed halo mass. In this test, the stellar mass estimate with the smallest errors yields the highest amplitude of clustering at fixed number density. We find that the PCA stellar masses of Chen et al. clearly have the tightest correlation with halo mass. The PCA masses use the full galaxy spectrum, differentiating them from other estimates that only use optical photometric information. Using the PCA masses, we measure the large-scale bias as a function of M-* for galaxies with logM(*) >= 11.4, correcting for incompleteness at the low-mass end of our measurements. Using the abundance matching ansatz to connect dark matter halo mass to stellar mass, we construct theoretical models of b(M-*) that match the same stellar mass function but have different amounts of scatter in stellar mass at fixed halo mass, sigma(logM*). Using this approach, we find sigma(logM*) = 0.18(+0.01) (-0.02). This value includes both intrinsic scatter as well as random errors in the stellar masses. To partially remove the latter, we use repeated spectra to estimate statistical errors on the stellar masses, yielding an upper limit to the intrinsic scatter of 0.16 dex.
31
Mendes, Fernando Vasconcelos. "Quantum gate teleportation, universal entanglers and connections with the number theory." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=13647.
Full textAbstract:
The present thesis can be divided in three parts: 1) Quantum gate teleportation; 2) Numerical search of universal entanglers; 3) Connections between quantum information and number theory. Regarding the quantum gate teleportation, a separability criterion of normal matrices is used to find the analytical conditions of the preservation of separability under conjugation. That analytical condition allowed to find the general formula of an element of $mathbb{C}^{4}$ Clifford group, as well to understand the
role of the basis of measurement in the quantum gate teleportation protocol. Considering the searching for universal entanglers, the same separability criterion of normal matrices was used as fitness function in a computational heuristics, in prder to find good candidates for universal entanglers in $mathbb{C}^{3} otimes mathbb{C}^{4}$ and $mathbb{C}^{4} otimes mathbb{C}^{4}$ Hilbert spaces. At last, in the connection of quantum information with the number theory, it is presented the study of the preparation and entanglement of several multi-qubit quantum states based in integer sequences, and the Riemannian quantum circuit, a quantum circuit whose eigenvalues are related to the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. The existence of such circuit proves that is always possible to construct a physical system related to a finite amount of zeros.<br>A presente tese està dividida em trÃs partes: 1) TeleportaÃÃo de portas quÃnticas; 2) Busca numÃrica por entrelaÃadores universais; 3) ConexÃes entre a informaÃÃo quÃntica e a teoria dos nÃmeros. No que diz a teleportaÃÃo de portas quÃnticas, um critÃrio de separabilidade para matrizes normais à usada para encontrar as condiÃÃes analÃticas da preservaÃÃo da separabilidade sob conjugaÃÃo. Tais condiÃÃes analÃticas permitiram encontrar a forma geral de um elemento do grupo de Clifford em $mathbb{C}^{4}$, assim como tambÃm entender o papel da base de mediÃÃo no protocolo de teleportaÃÃo de portas quÃnticas. Considerando a busca por entrelaÃadores universais, o mesmo critÃrio de separabilidade de matrizes normais foi utilizado como funÃÃo de aptidÃo em uma heurÃstica computacional aplicada para encontrar bons candidatos a entrelaÃadores universais nos espaÃos de Hilbert de dimensÃes $mathbb{C}^{3} otimes mathbb{C}^{4}$ e $mathbb{C}^{4} otimes mathbb{C}^{4}$. Por fim, sobre as conexÃes da informaÃÃo quÃntica com a teoria dos nÃmeros, à apresentado um estudo da preparaÃÃo e entrelaÃamento de vÃrios estados quÃnticos de mÃltiplos qubits baseados em sequÃncias de nÃmeros inteiros. Apresenta-se ainda o circuito quÃntico Riemanniano, um circuito quÃntico cujos autovalores sÃo relacionados aos zeros da funÃÃo Zeta de Riemann. A existÃncia deste circuito prova que à sempre possÃvel construir um sistema fÃsico relacionado a uma quantidade finita de zeros.
32
辻, 義之, Yoshiyuki TSUJI, 圭. 宮地, Kei MIYACHI, 育雄 中村 та Ikuo NAKAMURA. "平板乱流境界層対数速度分布領域における変動速度確率密度関数の特性 (第２報, レイノルズ数依存性について)". 日本機械学会, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9103.
Full text
33
Sobral, David Ricardo Serrano. "Star-formation history of the universe and its drivers." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5732.
Full textAbstract:
Determining the cosmic star formation history of the Universe is fundamental for our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. While surveys now suggest that the "epoch" of galaxy formation occurred more than 6 billion years ago, our measurements still suff er from signi ficant scatter and uncertainties due to the use of diff erent indicators, dust extinction and the e ffects of cosmic variance in the current samples. Furthermore, understanding galaxy formation and evolution require us to go much beyond simply determining the star formation history of the Universe with high accuracy: what are the physical mechanisms driving the strong evolution that we observe? How does star formation depend on stellar mass and environment and how does that change with cosmic time? This thesis presents both a completely self-consistent determination of the star formation history of the Universe (based on a single, sensitive and well-calibrated star formation indicator up to redshift z ~ 2:3: the H α luminosity) and investigates its drivers by exploring large area surveys (probing a range of environments and overcoming cosmic variance) obtained with the High-redshift Emission Line Survey (HiZELS). HiZELS is a panoramic extragalactic survey using the WFCAM instrument on the 3.8-m UK Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) which utilizes a set of existing and custom-made narrow-band filters in the J, H and K bands to detect emission line galaxies (main targets are H α emitters at z = 0:84, z = 1:47 and z = 2:23) up to z ~ 9 over square degree areas of extragalactic sky. Detailed measurements of the H α luminosity function and its evolution with redshift are presented, revealing a signi ficant luminosity evolution. The clustering properties of H α emitters at high-redshift are quantifi ed and investigated for the first time, revealing that these distant galaxies reside in Milky-Way type dark matter haloes at z ~ 1. Mass and environment are found to have important and inter-dependent roles on star formation at high-z and the results are able to reconcile previously contradictory results in the literature. Furthermore, by conducting a novel double-narrow band survey at z = 1:47, the relationship between the [Oii]3727 and H α emission lines is studied in detail and directly compared to z ~ 0, showing no signifi cant evolution in the dust properties of star-forming galaxies, despite the very strong luminosity evolution. Finally, this thesis also presents the widest search for very distant Ly α emitters at z ~ 9.
34
Van, Staden Paul Jacobus. "Modeling of generalized families of probability distribution in the quantile statistical universe." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40265.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis develops a methodology for the construction of generalized families of probability
distributions in the quantile statistical universe, that is, distributions specified in terms of their
quantile functions. The main benefit of the proposed methodology is that it generates
quantile-based distributions with skewness-invariant measures of kurtosis. The skewness and
kurtosis can therefore be identified and analyzed separately.
The key contribution of this thesis is the development of a new type of the generalized
lambda distribution (GLD), using the quantile function of the generalized Pareto distribution
as the basic building block (in the literature each different type of the GLD is incorrectly
referred to as a parameterization of the GLD – in this thesis the term type is used). The
parameters of this new type can, contrary to existing types, easily be estimated with method
of L-moments estimation, since closed-form expressions are available for the estimators as
well as for their asymptotic standard errors. The parameter space and the shape properties of
the new type are discussed in detail, including its characterization through L-moments. A
simple estimation algorithm is presented and utilization of the new type in terms of data
fitting and approximation of probability distributions is illustrated.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013.<br>gm2014<br>Statistics<br>unrestricted
35
Schröder, Heike [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Katzenbeisser, and Marc [Akademischer Betreuer] Fischlin. "Physically Uncloneable Functions in the Stand-Alone and Universally Composable Framework / Heike Schröder. Betreuer: Stefan Katzenbeisser ; Marc Fischlin." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1107771269/34.
Full text
36
Veltri, Flora. "Variables influencing thyroid function during pregnancy and their potential use in clinical practice." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/313347/4/TDM.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Pregnancy is a condition leading to an important strain on thyroid morphology and function.A normal functioning of the thyroid gland in the mother is essential for the early fetal development, since the fetal thyroid does not produce thyroid hormones until the end of the first trimester (approximately 12 to 14 weeks).The impact of thyroid dysfunction (and especially hypothyroidism) during pregnancy is well documented and has been associated with a number of obstetrical complications, such as premature delivery, low birth weight and even fetal death. In view of all changes in thyroid physiology during pregnancy the ATA (American Thyroid Association) guidelines recommend using trimester- and population-specific normality ranges, to define thyroid dysfunction. It is proposed to determine them in pregnant women without thyroid antibodies (TPO) and without severe iodine deficiency. Due to the few numbers of randomized clinical trials, there is still no consensus whether all pregnant women should be screened or only women at risk for the development of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy.Thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy is caused in most cases by the presence of thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) and also the altered pregnancy outcomes in most studies are associated with the presence of TAI.Besides the presence of TAI, other factors might also change, influence and/or modify thyroid function. When we started our research, there were only few studies that investigated the impact of other variables, such as iron, BMI, smoking habit and/or the background of the pregnant women on the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction during the first trimester of pregnancy.The aims of the thesis were therefore, to investigate: • the association between the iron reserve status (ferritin levels), thyroid (dys)function and autoimmunity, corrected for confounders such as age, BMI, smoking habit and the time of blood sampling;• the impact of the ethnic background of the pregnant woman on thyroid function and autoimmunity, corrected for confounders such as age, BMI, smoking habit, and the time of blood sampling. Furthermore, to determine ethnic-specific reference ranges and investigate their impact on the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction;• the impact of changes in thyroid function within the normal reference range in women free of thyroid autoimmunity on pregnancy outcomes, corrected for established covariates (age, BMI, smoking) and iron reserve as candidate new variable.• whether targeted high-risk screening for thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy could be improved with the inclusion of iron status and ethnicity to the actual risk factors defined in the ATA-GL.The results can be summarized as follows:Thyroid function during pregnancy can be influenced by variables others than thyroid antibodies such as the iron status and the ethnical background of the women. However, their impact on thyroid function is less important compared to that of thyroid antibodies. No significant impact of well-known variables (BMI, age, smoking) and others such as iron has been shown on clinical pregnancy outcomes when thyroid function remained within the normal range and no thyroid antibodies were present.We have shown that adding variables such as iron deficiency, ethnic background and obesity to the currently provided list of factors leading to a high-risk for the development of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy, might improve the detection rate of subclinical hypothyroidism to comparable rates obtained in case of universal screening.<br>Doctorat en Sciences médicales (Médecine)<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
37
Wang, Pin-Wei. "Star formation rate and the assembly of galaxies in the early universe." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4713/document.
Full textAbstract:
L'objectif de cette thèse est d'identifier et d'étudier la population à haut décalage spectral. J'ai utilisé des données dans le proches infrarouge venant du sondage UltraVista associé à des données multi-longueur d'onde disponible dans le champ COSMOS ainsi que le sondage ultra profond de VIMOS utilisé comme un échantillon de contrôle pour la sélection des candidats à grand décalage spectrale. Cette analyse m'a amené à sélectionner des galaxies à z>4.5 en utilisant les décalages spectraux photométriques estimés à partir de la distribution spectrale d'énergie complète ainsi que des limites en magnitudes basés sur la profondeur des données dans chaque bande. Cette sélection a amené à la production d'un catalogue unique de 2036 galaxies dans l'intervalle z~5 et de 330 galaxies dans l'intervalle z~6 faisant de ce catalogue le catalogue le plus grand et le plus complet à ce jour. J'ai trouvé que la fonction de luminosité à z~5 est bien reproduite par une fonction de Schechter. A z~6, j'ai observé que le fin lumineuse de la fonction de luminosité semble être plus peuplée qu'une fonction de Schechter le laisse présager, en accord avec les résultats d'autres études Ceci étant une indication que les processus d'assemblage de la masse ont évolué rapidement. Finalement, j'ai intégré la fonction de luminosité pour en déduire la densité de luminosité et dérivé la densité de formation stellaire entre z=4.5 et z=6.5. Mes résultats montrent une densité de formation stellaire importante, en comparaison des derniers résultats avec les données du télescope Hubble, ainsi qu'une précision plus grande liée aux meilleures contraintes sur la fin lumineuse de la fonction de luminosité<br>The main purpose of this THESIS is to identify and study the population of high redshift galaxies in the redshift range (4.5 < z < 6.5). I use the near infrared data from the UltraVista survey conducted with the Vista telescope in combination with multi-wavelength data available in the COSMOS field and use The VIMOS Ultra Deep spectroscopic redshift survey (VUDS) as a control sample for the selection of high redshift candidates. I made a analysis leads me to select galaxies at z ≥ 4.5 using photometric redshifts computed from the full spectral energy distribution (SED) combined with well tuned magnitude limits based on the depth of the data in each band. At the end of this process I produce a unique catalogue of 2036 galaxies with 4.5 ≤ z ≤ 5.5 and 330 galaxies with 5.5 ≤ z ≤ 6.5, the largest and most complete catalogue of sources at these redshifts existing today. I find that the LF at z ∼ 5 is well fit by a Schechter function. At z ∼ 6 I find that the bright end might be more populated than expected from a Schechter function, in line with results from other authors, an indication that the mass assembly processes have evolved quickly in a short 0.5-1 Gyr timescale. Finally I integrate the luminosity functions to compute the luminosity density and derive the star formation rate density (SFRD) in 4.5 ≤ z ≤ 6.5. My results show a high SFRD comparable to the latest results derived from the HST data, with an improved accuracy linked to the better constraints at the bright end of the LF
38
Zeng, Houdun, Fulvio Melia, and Li Zhang. "Cosmological tests with the FSRQ gamma-ray luminosity function." OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621735.
Full textAbstract:
The extensive catalogue of gamma-ray selected flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) produced by Fermi during a four-year survey has generated considerable interest in determining their gamma-ray luminosity function (GLF) and its evolution with cosmic time. In this paper, we introduce the novel idea of using this extensive database to test the differential volume expansion rate predicted by two specific models, the concordance Lambda cold darkmatter (Lambda CDM) and R-h = ct cosmologies. For this purpose, we use two well-studied formulations of the GLF, one based on pure luminosity evolution (PLE) and the other on a luminosity-dependent density evolution (LDDE). Using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test on one-parameter cumulative distributions (in luminosity, redshift, photon index and source count), we confirm the results of earlier works showing that these data somewhat favour LDDE over PLE; we show that this is the case for both Lambda CDM and R-h = ct. Regardless of which GLF one chooses, however, we also show that model selection tools very strongly favour R-h = ct over Lambda CDM. We suggest that such population studies, though featuring a strong evolution in redshift, may none the less be used as a valuable independent check of other model comparisons based solely on geometric considerations.
39
Milani, Daniela de Almeida. "O quarto e o banheiro do idoso: estudo, análise e recomendações para o espaço do usuário residente em instituição de longa permanência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16134/tde-21102014-183824/.
Full textAbstract:
O envelhecimento populacional é um tema que cada vez mais vem sendo pensado e discutido visando garantir qualidade de vida e bem-estar a esse contingente de cidadãos que com frequência convivem com a redução de suas capacidades funcionais e requerem cuidados especiais. Devido às mudanças nos arranjos familiares, verifica-se o aumentando da demanda por instituições de longa permanência para idosos, fato decorrente em parte pela redução de cuidadores no local de moradia. Dado que idosos institucionalizados, em sua maioria, apresentam saúde fragilizada acentuando o risco maior de quedas, esse trabalho teve como objetivo levantar parâmetros recomendáveis para a configuração do quarto e do banheiro do idoso buscando garantir segurança e autonomia ao usuário. A escolha do quarto e do banheiro se deu pela grande incidência de acidentes nesses ambientes relatada na bibliografia estudada e nos estudos de caso feitos em duas instituições na cidade de São Paulo. Para alcançar o objetivo buscou-se normas e bibliografia nacional e internacional que abrangessem os assuntos sobre acessibilidade ao meio físico, desenho universal e ergonomia, além de caracterizar dados sobre capacidade funcional com foco no idoso. As informações adquiridas na revisão bibliográfica foram confrontadas com os dados levantados nos estudos de caso como forma de identificar, na prática, as recomendações que estão dando resultado positivo e pontos que precisam ser melhorados. Os resultados obtidos a partir da abordagem teórica e prática proporcionaram o levantamento de recomendações para o ambiente, mobiliários e instalações do quarto e do banheiro do idoso que ofereçam segurança e autonomia aos usuários nas atividades diárias. Pretende-se que os dados apresentados nesse trabalho possam ser aplicados na prática projetual e colaborem para ampliar o conhecimento sobre o assunto.<br>Population aging is an issue that is being increasingly considered and discussed to ensure quality of life and well-being to this contingent of citizens who often deal with the reduction of its functional capabilities and require special care. Due to changes in family arrangements, it appears the increasing demand for long-term care institutions for the elderly, a fact due in part by the reduction of family carers. Since most institutionalized elderly have poor health, it contributes to the increase risk of falls, this work aimed to indicate recommended parameters for configuring the bedroom and bathroom of the elderly seeking to ensure user`s security and independence. The choice of the bedroom and bathroom was motivated by the high accident incidence in these environments reported by the studied literature and case studies carried out in two institutions in the city of São Paulo. To achieve the goal national and international standards were studied, as well as literature that covered the issues of accessibility to the physical environment, universal design and ergonomics, besides characterizing data on functional capacity with focus on the elderly. The information gathered in the literature review was compared with data collected in the case studies as a way to identify in practice the recommendations that are giving positive results and points that need to be improved. The results obtained from the theoretical and practical approach led to environment, furniture and facilities recommendations for the elderly\'s bedroom and bathroom that offer users security and independence in daily activities. It is intended that the data presented here in this study can be applied in design practice and collaborate to expand subject knowledge.
40
Kevari, Mary Kathleen. "The role of universal grammar in second language acquisition: An experimental study of Spanish ESL students' interpretation of lexical pronouns." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1710.
Full text
41
Hill, David T. "The optical and NIR luminous energy output of the Universe : the creation and utilisation of a 9 waveband consistent sample of galaxies using UKIDSS and SDSS observations with the GAMA and MGC spectroscopic datasets." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1696.
Full textAbstract:
Theories of how galaxies form and evolve depend greatly on constraints provided by observations. However, when those observations come from different datasets, systematic offsets may occur. This causes difficulties measuring variations in parameters between filters. In this thesis I present the variation in total luminosity density with wavelength in the nearby Universe (z<0.1), produced from a consistent reanalysis of NIR and optical observations, taken from the MGC, UKIDSS and SDSS surveys. I derive luminosity distributions, best-fitting Schechter function parameterisations and total luminosity densities in ugrizYJHK, and compare the variation in luminosity density with cosmic star formation history (CSFH) and initial mass function (IMF) models. I examine the r band luminosity distribution produced using different aperture definitions, the joint luminosity- surface brightness (bivariate brightness) distribution in ugrizYJHK, comparing them to previously derived distributions, and how the total luminosity density varies with wavelength when surface brightness incompleteness is accounted for. I find the following results. (1) The total luminosity density calculated using a non-Sersic (e.g. Kron or Petrosian) aperture is underestimated by at least 15%, (2) Changing the detection threshold has a minor effect on the best-fitting Schecter parameters, but the choice of Kron or Petrosian apertures causes an offset between datasets, regardless of the filter used to define the source list, (3) The decision to use circular or elliptical apertures causes an offset in M* of 0.20 mag, and best-fitting Schechter parameters from total magnitude photometric systems have a flatter faint-end slope than Kron or Petrosian photometry, (4) There is no surface brightness distribution evolution with luminosity for luminous galaxies, but at fainter magnitudes the distribution broadens and the peak surface brightness dims. A Choloniewski function that is modified to account for this surface brightness evolution fits the bivariate-brightness distribution better than an unmodified Choloniewski function, (5) The energy density per unit interval, vf(v) derived using MGC and GAMA samples agrees within 90% confidence intervals, but does not agree with predictions using standard CSFH and IMF models. Possible improvements to the data and alterations to the theory are suggested.
42
De, Ieso Marco. "Analyse p-adique et complétés unitaires universels pour GL₂(F)." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802660.
Full textAbstract:
Soit p un nombre premier. Les résultats de cette thèse s'inscrivent dans le cadre du programme de Langlands p-adique. Lorsque V est une représentation p-adique de dimension 2 du groupe Gal(\bar{Qp}/Qp), on sait lui associer une représentation p-adique continue B(V) de GL₂(Qp). Si F est une extension finie non triviale de Qp, la question d'associer des représentations p-adiques de GL₂(F) aux représentations p-adiques de dimension 2 de Gal(\bar{Qp}/F) dans l'esprit d'une correspondance locale à la Langlands s'annonce beaucoup plus délicate. Dans ce texte, nous considérons des espaces de Banach p-adiques, munis d'une action linéaire continue de GL₂(F), qui sont des complétions unitaires universelles de certaines représentations localement Qp-analytiques de GL₂(F). Celles-ci sont susceptibles de jouer un rôle important dans une éventuelle correspondance de Langlands locale p-adique pour GL₂(F). Le résultat principal de cette thèse est démontré dans le Chapitre 3 et généralise des résultats antérieurs de Berger et Breuil. Il consiste en une description explicite de ces complétés unitaires universels à l'aide des fonctions continues sur F d'un certain type. Pour ce faire, nous introduisons dans le Chapitre 2 des espaces de Banach de fonctions de classe C^r, où r est un nombre rationnel positif, et leurs espaces duaux de distributions d'ordre r. Nous construisons une base de Banach et nous donnons un critère de prolongement des formes linéaires définies sur un espace de fonctions localement Qp-polynomiales en distributions d'ordre r. Ce faisant, nous généralisons des résultats classiques dus à Amice-Vélu et Vishik. Dans le Chapitre 4, nous exhibons des cas de non nullité pour les complétions unitaires universelles considérées par construction explicite de réseaux invariants. Cela donne de nouveaux cas de la conjecture proposée par Breuil et Schneider sur l'équivalence entre l'existence de normes invariantes sur certaines représentations localement algébriques de GL_d(F) et l'existence de certaines représentations de de Rham de Gal(\bar{Qp}/F).
43
Burgess, Andrew. "Exploration de la fonction de faible masse initiale dans les amas jeunes et les r ´egions de formation stellaire." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00576460.
Full textAbstract:
La détermination de l'extrémité inférieure de la fonction de masse initiale (FMI) prévoit de fortes contraintes sur les théories de la formation des étoiles. IC4665 est un amas d'´étoile jeune (30Myr) et il a situe 356pc de la Terre. L'extinction est Av~ 0.59 ± 0.15 mag. WIRCam Y, J, H et K observations ont été faites par le CFHT et a comprise 10 champs (de 1.1sq.deg totale) et deux zones de contrle de 20'x20' chacun. Diagrammes couleur/magnitude et couleur/couleur ont été utilisées pour comparer les candidats sélectionnées par les modèles BT-SETTL 30 et 50Myr. Les images CH4off et CH4on ont été obtenus avec CFHT/WIRCam plus 0.11 sq.deg. dans IC348. Naines-T ont ensuite été identifiés à partir de leur couleur de 1.69μm d'absorption du méthane et trois candidats nain-T ont été trouvée avec CH4on−CH4 >0.4 mag. Extinction a été estimée à Av~ 5 − 12 mag. Les comparaisons avec les naines-T modèles, et des diagrammes couleur/couleur et magnitude, rejeter 2 entre 3 candidats en raison de leur extrême z′ − J coleur. L'objet reste n'est pas considéré comme un nain avant l'amas en raison d'un argument de densité en nombre ou l'extinction forte Av~ 12 mag, ni d'être un champ de fond nain-T qui serait devrait être beaucoup plus faible. Les modèles et les schémas de donner cet objet un type T6 préliminaires spectrale. Avec un peu de la masse de Jupiter, ce jeune candidat nain-T est potentiellement parmi les plus jeunes, des objets de masse plus faible détectée dans une région de formation d'´étoiles `a ce jour. Sa fréquence est conforme à l'extrapolation du courant lognormal FMI estime `a au domaine de masse planétaire.
44
Milanez, Maria Kassimati. "Hist?rias de professores universit?rios sobre ensinar ingl?s para fins espec?ficos." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16389.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:07:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
MariaKM_TESE.pdf: 3038556 bytes, checksum: 959c362d0d49e946b855e4fe4d1d94e9 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2014-02-04<br>This research has as its theoretical and methodological assumptions (1) the Narrative Inquiry (CLANDININ; CONNELLY, 2011), (2) the Systemic Functional Grammar (HALLIDAY, 1985, 1994; THOMPSON, 2002; EGGINS, 1994; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) and (3) the English for Specific Purposes Approach (ESP - HUTCHINSON; WATERS, 1987; CELANI, 2005; RAMOS, 2005), and its overall objective is to survey the meanings construed by the participants who are ESP practitioners and have not received a specific education to teach this approach at their undergraduation. The field texts and therefore the analises were divided into two distinct groups: the first with data generated from a questionnaire applied to nine professors from a federal university in the northeast of Brazil, which contains open and closed questions about their training and their experiences in teaching ESP; the second group, focusing this time on the experiences of three professors from the first group who were still teaching ESP, with data generated from interviews with these participants in addition to the data generated from their autobiographies and from the researcher?s as well. The computational tool WordSmith Tools 6.0 (SCOTT, 2012) was used to select, organize, and quantify data to be analyzed in the first group of texts, identifying the types of Processes and Participants through the Transitivity System (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004). The Processes which were more used by the professors in the questionnaire were the Material, followed by the Relational and then the Mental ones, indicating that most professors reported their actions related to the teaching of ESP, rated or evaluated the approach, their training to teach it and their experiences, hence, rarely showing their thoughts and emotions about teaching ESP. Most of the nine professors say they carry out needs analysis, but not all do it according to the authors cited by them or the ones that are considered a reference in this area, such as the ones used in this research as reference. Similarly, their definitions and conceptions of ESP, in most cases, differed from these authors. All the professors claim not having had specific education to teach ESP at the undergraduation. When examining the stories of the four teachers, in the second group of the field texts, based on meaning composition according to Ely, Vinz, Downing and Anzul (2001), it was revealed that the kind of knowledge they report using when they teach ESP is related to their Personal Practical Knowledge and their Professional Knowledge (ELBAZ, 1983; CLANDININ, 1988). In their autobiographies, metaphors were also identified and they represent their concepts of teaching and being a teacher. Through this research, we hope to contribute to the understanding of what teaching ESP might mean for professors in the researched context and also to the continuing education of ESP practitioners, as well as to a review of the curricula in the English language undergraduate courses and of the role of ESP in the training of these professionals<br>A presente pesquisa tem como pressupostos te?rico-metodol?gicos (1) a Pesquisa Narrativa (PN CLANDININ; CONNELLY, 2011), (2) a Gram?tica Sist?mico-Funcional (GSF HALLIDAY, 1985, 1994; THOMPSON, 2002; EGGINS, 1994; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) e (3) a abordagem de ensino de Ingl?s para Fins Espec?ficos (IFE HUTCHINSON; WATERS, 1987; CELANI, 2005; RAMOS, 2005), com o objetivo geral de fazer um levantamento dos sentidos constru?dos pelos professores participantes sobre o IFE, a forma??o espec?fica que receberam para ministr?-lo e a sua experi?ncia em ensin?-lo no n?vel superior. Os textos de campo e, por conseguinte, as an?lises, foram organizados em dois grupos distintos: o primeiro com dados gerados a partir de um question?rio aplicado a nove professores de uma institui??o p?blica no nordeste brasileiro, contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas a respeito de sua forma??o e de suas experi?ncias em ministrar a disciplina de Ingl?s Instrumental e o segundo grupo, a partir do enfoque nas experi?ncias de tr?s professoras do primeiro grupo que continuavam ensinando IFE, com dados gerados por entrevistas com essas participantes e por suas autobiografias, al?m dos dados gerados pela autobiografia da pr?pria pesquisadora, tamb?m participante da pesquisa. Foi usada a ferramenta computacional WordSmith Tools 6.0 (SCOTT, 2012) para selecionar, organizar e quantificar os dados a serem analisados no primeiro grupo de textos, identificando-se os tipos de Processos e os Participantes, pelo Sistema de Transitividade (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004), sendo que os Processos mais usados pelos professores no question?rio foram os Materiais, seguidos dos Relacionais e em terceiro lugar os Mentais, indicando que a maioria relatou mais suas a??es com rela??o ao ensino de IFE, classificou ou definiu a abordagem, sua forma??o e suas experi?ncias do que demonstrou seus pensamentos e emo??es a respeito de ensinar IFE. A maioria dos nove professores afirma fazer a an?lise de necessidades, mas nem todos a fazem de acordo com o que estabelecem os autores por eles citados ou outros autores considerados refer?ncia nessa ?rea, tais como os que usamos nesta pesquisa. Do mesmo modo, suas defini??es e concep??es sobre IFE, na maioria das vezes, diferem das desses autores. Todos os professores participantes alegam n?o ter tido forma??o espec?fica para ensinar IFE na licenciatura. Ao analisar os relatos das quatro professoras do segundo grupo de textos de campo, com base na composi??o de sentidos segundo Ely, Vinz, Downing e Anzul (2001), percebeu-se que o tipo de conhecimento que estas referem usar para ministrar IFE est? relacionado ao Conhecimento Pr?tico Pessoal e ao Conhecimento Profissional (ELBAZ, 1983; CLANDININ, 1988). Em seus relatos, foram identificadas tamb?m imagens que representam suas concep??es a respeito de ensinar e ser professora. Esperamos, atrav?s desta pesquisa, contribuir tanto para a compreens?o do que pode significar ensinar IFE para os professores do contexto pesquisado, como para a forma??o continuada de professores de IFE, assim como para uma revis?o nos curr?culos de Letras e do papel do IFE na forma??o do professor de l?ngua inglesa
45
Oh, Yoon Mi. "Linguistic complexity and information : quantitative approaches." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20072/document.
Full textAbstract:
La communication humaine vise principalement à transmettre de l'information par le biais de l'utilisation de langues. Plusieurs chercheurs ont soutenu l'hypothèse selon laquelle les limites de la capacité du canal de transmission amènent les locuteurs de chaque langue à encoder l'information de manière à obtenir une répartition uniforme de l'information entre les unités linguistiques utilisées. Dans nos recherches, la stratégie d'encodage de l'information en communication parlée est connue comme résultant de l'interaction complexe de facteurs neuro-cognitifs, linguistiques, et sociolinguistiques et nos travaux s'inscrivent donc dans le cadre des systèmes adaptatifs complexes. Plus précisément, cette thèse vise à mettre en évidence les tendances générales, translinguistiques, guidant l'encodage de l'information en tenant compte de la structure des langues à trois niveaux d'analyse (macrosystémique, mésosystémique, et microsystémique). Notre étude s'appuie ainsi sur des corpus oraux et textuels multilingues dans une double perspective quantitative et typologique. Dans cette recherche, la langue est définie comme un système adaptatif complexe, régulé par le phénomène d'auto-organisation, qui motive une première question de recherche : "Comment les langues présentant des débits de parole et des densités d'information variés transmettent-elles les informations en moyenne ?". L'hypothèse défendue propose que la densité moyenne d'information par unité linguistique varie au cours de la communication, mais est compensée par le débit moyen de la parole. Plusieurs notions issues de la théorie de l'information ont inspiré notre manière de quantifier le contenu de l'information et le résultat de la première étude montre que le débit moyen d'information (i.e. la quantité moyenne d'information transmise par seconde) est relativement stable dans une fourchette limitée de variation parmi les 18 langues étudiées. Alors que la première étude propose une analyse de l'auto-organisation au niveau macro- systémique, la deuxième étude porte sur des sous-systèmes linguistiques tels que la phonologie et la morphologie : elle relève donc d'une analyse au niveau mésosystémique. Elle porte sur les interactions entre les modules morphologique et phonologique en utilisant les mesures de la complexité linguistique de ces modules. L'objectif est de tester l'hypothèse d'uniformité de la complexité globale au niveau mésosystémique. Les résultats révèlent une corrélation négative entre la complexité morphologique et la complexité phonologique dans les 14 langues et vont dans le sens de l'hypothèse de l'uniformité de la complexité globale d'un point de vue typologique holistique. La troisième étude analyse l'organisation interne des sous-systèmes phonologiques au moyen de la notion de charge fonctionnelle (FL) au niveau microsystémique. Les contributions relatives des sous-systèmes phonologiques (segments, accents, et tons) sont évaluées quantitativement en estimant leur rôle dans les stratégies lexicales. Elles sont aussi comparées entre 2 langues tonales et 7 langues non-tonales. En outre, la distribution interne de la charge fonctionnelle à travers les sous-systèmes vocaliques et consonantiques est analysée de façon translinguistique dans les 9 langues. Les résultats soulignent l'importance du système tonal dans les distinctions lexicales et indiquent que seuls quelques contrastes dotés d'une charge fonctionnelle élevée sont observés dans les distributions inégales de charge fonctionnelle des sous-systèmes dans les 9 langues. Cette thèse présente donc des études empiriques et quantitatives réalisées à trois niveaux d'analyse, qui permettent de décrire des tendances générales parmi les langues et apportent des éclaircissements sur le phénomène d'auto-organisation<br>The main goal of using language is to transmit information. One of the fundamental questions in linguistics concerns the way how information is conveyed by means of language in human communication. So far many researchers have supported the uniform information density (UID) hypothesis asserting that due to channel capacity, speakers tend to encode information strategically in order to achieve uniform rate of information conveyed per linguistic unit. In this study, it is assumed that the encoding strategy of information during speech communication results from complex interaction among neurocognitive, linguistic, and sociolinguistic factors in the framework of complex adaptive system. In particular, this thesis aims to find general cross-language tendencies of information encoding and language structure at three different levels of analysis (i.e. macrosystemic, mesosystemic, and microsystemic levels), by using multilingual parallel oral and text corpora from a quantitative and typological perspective. In this study, language is defined as a complex adaptive system which is regulated by the phenomenon of self-organization, where the first research question comes from : "How do languages exhibiting various speech rates and information density transmit information on average ?". It is assumed that the average information density per linguistic unit varies during communication but would be compensated by the average speech rate. Several notions of the Information theory are used as measures for quantifying information content and the result of the first study shows that the average information rate (i.e. the average amount of information conveyed per second) is relatively stable within a limited range of variation among the 18 languages studied. While the first study corresponds to an analysis of self-organization at the macrosystemic level, the second study deals with linguistic subsystems such as phonology and morphology and thus, covers an analysis at the mesosystemic level. It investigates interactions between phonological and morphological modules by means of the measures of linguistic complexity of these modules. The goal is to examine whether the equal complexity hypothesis holds true at the mesosystemic level. The result exhibits a negative correlation between morphological and phonological complexity in the 14 languages and supports the equal complexity hypothesis from a holistic typological perspective. The third study investigates the internal organization of phonological subsystems by means of functional load (FL) at the microsystemic level. The relative contributions of phonological subsystems (segments, stress, and tones) are quantitatively computed by estimating their role of lexical strategies and are compared in 2 tonal and 7 non-tonal languages. Furthermore, the internal FL distribution of vocalic and consonantal subsystems is analyzed cross-linguistically in the 9 languages. The result highlights the importance of tone system in lexical distinctions and indicates that only a few salient high-FL contrasts are observed in the uneven FL distributions of subsystems in the 9 languages. This thesis therefore attempts to provide empirical and quantitative studies at the three different levels of analysis, which exhibit general tendencies among languages and provide insight into the phenomenon of self-organization
46
Klimprová, Lucie. "Regresní metody pro statistickou analýzu prostorových dat." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228884.
Full textAbstract:
Kriging techniques are regression methods used for evaluation of continuous spatial processes. If the covariance structure of process is unknown, then it's necessary to estimate it from the data. The first part of this Master's thesis is devoted to description the kriging method and to estimate of a variogram fuction, which describes the covariance structure of considered process. The second part includes the implementation of kriging method in MATLAB for simulated and real data.
47
Ribeiro, Marcello. "\"Tudo o que existe, desde maravilhas e catástrofes, é resultado de algum trabalho, uma vez que ele não se limita apenas ao homem, mas, sim, a todo o universo\": o papel da correlação inovadora, um exercício cognitivo?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-24042015-104801/.
Full textAbstract:
Esta tese dedica-se ao estudo do processo de correlação e, como consequência, descreve o comportamento linguístico-discursivo, por padrão, dos pares correlativos que integram o conjunto das porções correlatas empregadas em redações vestibulares, momento em que a pressão pela normatividade é bem grande, mas escreventes habilidosos se utilizam dos pares que fogem ao que se espera e surpreendem o leitor com escolhas criativas, porém não rompem com o processamento cognitivo esperado. Como questões relativas à escolarização, as etapas de desenvolvimento cognitivo e o processo de mudança gramatical estão nesta tese altamente imbricados, e por conta disso considerou-se constitutiva uma amostra com textos produzidos em situações de alta pressão pela normatividade. São redações do banco de dados elaboradas por candidatos da FUVEST (Fundação para o Vestibular de São Paulo), de sete vestibulares distintos, no período de 2004 a 2010 (as 100 melhores e as 100 piores redações de cada exame). No total, analisaram-se 700 textos considerados piores e 700 melhores. Fundamentamos teoricamente esta tese nos estudos sobre cognição, a partir de Tomasello (2003), Givón (2011), sobre gramaticalização Bybee (2003), Traugott e Dasher (2005), Meillet (1965), Heine, Claudi e Hünnemeyer (1991), sobre correlações Oiticica (1952), Chediak (1960); sobre construções, Goldberg (1955), Croft (2001) e sobre a evolução dos estágios da mente humana, com Damásio (2009).O material analisado teve tratamento quantitativo e qualitativo em que se chegou à determinação de que pares correlativos assumem papéis e funções em decorrência das intenções discursivo-pragmáticas dos autores, que buscam em estágios da mente os recursos linguísticos e imagéticos para fundamentarem sua argumentação. O estudo do comportamento de cada par foi realizado levando-se em conta etimologia, estatuto categorial nos dicionários e uma análise sincrônico para estabelecer padrões funcionais e valores semânticos. Foi possível, assim, constatar que os pares correlativos encontram-se em vários níveis de gramaticalização, a depender da categoria analisada, e que estão diretamente ligados a um jogo estratégico funcional-cognitivo.<br>This thesis is devoted to the study of the correlation process and, consequently, describes the linguistic-discursive behavior, by pattern, of the correlative pairs that constitute the set of related portions employed in the vestibular essays, at this moment, the pressure for normative rules is huge but skilled writers used the pairs escaping from that is expected and also to surprise the reader with creative choices, otherwise they do not break with the expected cognitive processing. As issues relating to schooling, the steps of cognitive development and the process of grammatical change are highly intertwined in this thesis. We considered a sample with constitutive texts produced through normative rules in high pressure situations for the writers. The corpus is composed by essays from the database produced by the FUVEST (Foundation for Vestibular of São Paulo) writers or candidates from seven distinct vestibular, in the period 2004-2010 (the 100 best and 100 worst essays of each exam). In total we analyzed 700 texts considered worst and 700 considered the best ones. We base this argument theoretically in studies of cognition, from Tomasello (2003), Givón (2011); on grammaticalization Bybee (2003), Traugott and Dasher (2005), Meillet (1965), Heine, Claudi and Hünnemeyer (1991); about correlations Oiticica (1952), Chediak (1960) on constructions; Goldberg (1955), Croft (2001) and the human mind stages of evolution, with Damasio (2009). The analyzed material had the quantitative and qualitative treatment through with there came the determination that correlative pairs assume roles and functions as a result of discourse-pragmatic intentions of the authors (writers/candidates), who seek In the mind stages the linguistic and pictorial resources to substantiate the argument. The study of each pair behavior was performed taking into account etymology, categorical status in dictionaries and a synchronic analysis to establish functional standards and semantic values. It was thus possible to observe that the correlated pairs are lying at different levels of grammaticalization; it depends on the category analyzed and which are directly connected to a strategic functional-cognitive roles of a game.
48
Emami, Mohammad. "The dynamics of literary translation : a case study from English to Persian." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5955.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to elucidate the translation process by devising a way of retrieving evidence of this process from its output. It further aims to assess the claims made by some scholars concerning the possible existence of Translation Universals. In order to isolate the interaction of texts and contexts, a corpus of American short stories was created, with their translations into Persian published after the 1979 Revolution. Three complementary methodologies gave a rounded picture: (1) Corpus-based Descriptive Translation Studies; (2) The pragmatic and rhetorically-based approach of Thinking Translation devised at St Andrews; and (3) The analytical framework mostly established by Halliday in his Systemic Functional Grammar. Approaching the process of translation in the specific order devised in this thesis provided four vantage points to analyse the data in a systematic way from linguistic, discourse, cultural and literary views before reaching what are at once the most personal and most characteristic aspects of a translator's work. The research begins with a literature review of the field and an account of linguistic constraints and of all Translation Universals hypothesised so far, followed by an extensive analysis of data in two consecutive chapters. With reference to the choices made in this corpus, it is discussed in the Conclusions chapter that most of the Translation Universals so far claimed are not in fact universal. It is the role of the translator which has emerged as the determining factor in producing a translated text, and thus as the key to resolving the issues explored in this thesis. It seems there are no constraints beyond the translator's reach, and there are no parameters which do not involve the translator, who introduces his or her own choices, or manipulates certain parameters. Only when they have done so, will the translation, as both process and product, be accomplished.
49
Alimi, Jean-Michel. "Contributions : instabilite gravitationnelle dans un univers en expansion et formation des grandes structures, effets ponderomoteurs dans les plasmas magnetises." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066234.
Full textAbstract:
Analyse de la fonction de correlation spatiale des galaxies, obtenue a partir de catalogues de galaxies, selon differentes procedures. La distribution des galaxies isolees dans le catalogue cfa est etudiee. Etude du collapse gravitationnel non lineaire de particules sans collision, du point de vue analytique et numerique. On montre l'importance du traitement tridimensionnel de ces processus gravitationnels et quelles peuvent en etre les consequences sur la formation des galaxies
50
Sun, Jiong. "Football on mobile phones : algorithms, architectures and quality of experience in streaming video." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-831.
Full text