Journal articles on the topic 'Università di Siena'

O trabalho apresentado analisa a natureza e o papel desempenhado pela CILS, Certificação de italiano como língua estrangeira da Università per Stranieri di Siena, na difusão da língua e da cultura italiana no espaço linguístico italiano global. A CILS examina questões relacionadas com o impacto pessoal, formativo e de âmbito social mais geral, refletindo sobre seus possíveis efeitos na formação de uma cultura de avaliação do italiano para estrangeiros.

I due autori del lbro qui presentato sono Luigi Antonello Armando, filosofo e psicoanalista, già docente universitario di Psicologia dinamica e psicologia generale presso le Università di Roma, Napoli e Siena nonchè autore di numerosi saggi a carattere filosofico e clinico e Marianna Bolko, psichiatra e psicoanalista, condirettrice della rivista Psicoterapia e Scienze Umane. [...]

Na pesquisa aqui apresentada, dois grupos diferentes de falantes nativos com elevado grau de conhecimento da língua (n=37) realizaram 2 cloze lexicais de múltipla escolha destinados a estudantes de nível C2 e extraídos do exame de certificação do italiano como língua estrangeira CILS (Università per Stranieri di Siena). As respostas divergentes em relação às previstas pelos responsáveis pela certificação foram analisadas. Da análise emerge a plausibilidade de alguns distratores. Nas conclusões discutimos a necessidade de os responsáveis pela certificação considerar o julgamento de falantes nativos com alto grau de conhecimento linguístico como forma de validar o teste

Andréia Guerini é professora associada I do Departamento de Língua e Literatura Estrangeiras da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) e atua, desde 2011, como professora visitante do Programa de Doutorado em Letteratura, Storia della lingua e Filologia Italiana da Università per Stranieri di Siena/Itália. Possui pós-doutorado pela Università degli Studi di Padova (2010) e é doutora em Literatura pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (2001). Guerini é coordenadora da pós-graduação em Estudos da Tradução (PGET) e do grupo de pesquisa do CNPq de Estudos Leopardianos; faz parte da Diretoria da Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores em Tradução (ABRAPT) – gestão 2011-2013 – e da Diretoria da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação em Letras e Linguística (ANPOLL) – gestão 2012-2014. É editora-chefe da revista Cadernos de Tradução (Qualis A2) desde 2002 e da revista Appunti Leopardiani desde 2011; é autora do livro, publicado pela Edusp em 2007, intitulado Gênero e tradução no Zibaldone de Leopardi.

En una reciente publicación de un curso sobre Arqueología del Paisaje, que se celebró en la Università degli Studi di Siena, el prologuista de la obra pone de manifiesto algunos de los problemas principales existentes eneste campo y que merece la pena destacar como primer hilo conductor del presente trabajo. Advierte lo siguiente: “Sul piano operativo, questo genere di indagini, con la applicazione sistematica del survey, ha determinato uno straordinario incremento di conoscenza... In ambito teorico non si può nascondere che la Site Catchment Analysis risente di una eccesiva ridigità nella concezione del territorio; il suo quadro di riferimento, utile per società molto semplici, si revela inadeguato appena ci si trovi di fronte a situazioni socio-economiche un po’più complesse”(D'AGOSTINO 1992: p.19). Y más adelante añade: “Il bacino di sussistenza di una comunità umana può strutturarsi secondo sistemi di complementarità difficilmente riconducibili a situazioni geografiche semplici e prevedibili”(D'AGOSTINO 1992: p.19).

Il progetto Grammo-foni. Le soffitte della voce (Gra.fo, grafo.sns.it ; Scuola Normale Superiore & Università di Siena, Regione Toscana PAR-FAS 2007-13) ha scoperto, digitalizzato, catalogato e reso fruibili attraverso un portale online quasi 3000 ore di registrazioni orali provenienti da circa 30 archivi orali di area toscana raccolti da studiosi e appassionati di cultura e tradizioni popolari. Data la vastità e l’eterogeneità del materiale conservato (es. biografie, etnotesti, questionari linguistici, letteratura orale), Gra.fo costituisce un archivio preziosissimo della memoria toscana e restituisce una documentazione di prima mano delle varietà linguistiche toscane dai primi anni ‘60 in poi. L’articolo fa uso di questo materiale per un’analisi sociolinguistica incentrata sulla costruzione del racconto orale e su alcuni aspetti della morfologia verbale (l’uso del passato remoto e la variazione tra forme standard e dialettali di passato remoto e imperfetto). Lo studio di caso riguarda l’Archivio ‘Dina Dini’ (Pieve Santo Stefano, Arezzo), che contiene interviste su esperienze di emigrazione all’estero negli anni 1955-1987.

L’impatto della valutazione linguistica certificatoria nel percorso formativo degli studenti internazionali in accesso al sistema universitario italiano e alle AFAM è tema che rimane ad oggi ampiamente da analizzare. Come argomentato da Saville (2000), le prove fornite in sede di valutazione certificatoria possono avere un impatto, positivo o negativo, sul processo formativo e sulla società in generale, impatto che di certo influenza il futuro degli studenti e la loro possibilità di successo anche in contesto accademico. Il contributo discute i risultati di un’analisi quantitativa e qualitativa svolta sugli esami di Certificazione CILS (Certificazione d’Italiano come Lingua Straniera – Università per Stranieri di Siena), sostenuti al termine del percorso di formazione linguistica dagli studenti del Programma Marco Polo Turandot. L’analisi dei dati mira a fornire evidenze utili per una riflessione sullo sviluppo della competenza linguistico-comunicativa di tali studenti. Al dato quantitativo si abbina un’analisi qualitativa delle percezioni degli stessi studenti, rilevate al termine dell’esame. L’analisi dell’impatto si lega al più generale processo di validazione degli esami CILS, e alla necessità di fornire continue evidenze di validità ed affidabilità, che il contributo discute ai fini della revisione del costrutto dell’esame. THE IMPACT AND VALIDITY OF ITALIAN L2 ASSESSMENT PROCESSES. REFLECTIONS ON SYNOPHONIC LEARNERS ACCESSING THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ITALY The impact of Italian language proficiency tests in the academic path of international students entering the Italian university system and AFAM is an issue that remains largely to be investigated. As argued by Saville (2000), the evidence provided by international examinations can have an impact, either positive or negative, on the educational process and on society in general. This impact certainly influences the future of students as well as their chance of success in the academic context. The paper discusses the results of a mixed methods research carried out on the CILS (Certificazione d’Italiano come Lingua Straniera - University for Foreigners of Siena) exams taken by students in the Marco Polo Turandot Programme at the end of their language course. The data analysis aims at providing evidence to build a discussion on the development of students’ linguistic and communicative competence. The quantitative data is combined with a qualitative analysis of students’ perceptions, gathered after the CILS exam. The impact analysis is linked to the more general validation process of the CILS exams, and to the need to provide continuous evidence of validity and reliability, which the paper explores for construct revision purposes.

In July 1991, thirty-five scholars met at the fourteenth-century Certosa of Pontignano in Siena for a three-day colloquium (jointly sponsored by the Economic and Social Research Council, the Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique and the Università degli Studi di Siena) on the topic of relationships between cadets et aînés, or younger and elder siblings. The geographical interests of the participants ranged from the frontier of the North American continent to the whole of the European, while their collective temporal expertise extended from biblical times to the present. The structure of the thematic sessions and the specific issues addressed in the course of the colloquium had been set out in countless early meetings of a ‘scientific committee’, comprising Georges Ravis-Giordani, Pier Giorgio Solinas, Martine Segalen, Lloyd Bonfield and Richard Wall. In large measure, the membership of that committee with respect to discipline and the scholarly agenda that it produced resembled the articulated goals of Continuity and Change. It therefore seemed appropriate that a selection of papers read at the meeting, and subsequently revised in light of the lively dialogue that followed the formal presentations, should provide the basis for the fifth special issue to grace the pages of this journal.

Este trabajo, por un lado, describe brevemente un proyecto de telecolaboración e-tándem nacido en la Università per Stranieri di Siena (Unistrasi) durante el periodo de COVID-19, que involucraba los idiomas italiano, español y francés, así como los resultados obtenidos; por otro, fruto de dicha experiencia, presenta un vademécum de buenas prácticas destinado al estudiantado. Con el objetivo de recoger, a través de los estudiantes, información relevante para el buen funcionamiento del proyecto se utilizaron dos métodos: la reflexión individual o grupal de quienes participaron y un cuestionario en línea que completaron tanto los estudiantes de Unistrasi como los participantes de otras cinco universidades europeas y americanas. Los resultados arrojados mostraron no solo el método de colaboración elegido por los estudiantes con base en el principio de autonomía que caracteriza el e-tándem, sino que también ilustraron problemáticas de diferente índole antes y durante su desarrollo. Entre estas, se hizo hincapié en la carencia de información en la fase preparatoria del dispositivo. Gracias a la reflexión sobre este último punto se creó un vademécum de buenas prácticas llamado Gra-Mer, que comprende una serie de consejos para preparar a los estudiantes para el proyecto e-tándem tanto en el respeto de la autonomía y la alternancia de las lenguas como en la concientización sobre la naturaleza lingüística y cultural de la relación con sus compañeros, recordando el papel de tutor o consultor del profesor, y la oportunidad de llevar un diario del estudiante. El trabajo de reflexión llevado a cabo con los estudiantes dejó en claro numerosos aspectos positivos de la telecolaboración, los cuales en su momento ayudaron a salvaguardar el enfoque comunicativo del que se careció durante el confinamiento, pero también mostró aspectos negativos motivados por la celeridad con la cual se debió poner en práctica a causa de la irrupción de la pandemia. Este trabajo toma en consideración ambos aspectos para presentar una visión del e-tándem basada en la experiencia durante y después de la pandemia.

The rapid changes that characterize the world of work ask school and university to critically rethink the way to facilitate creative skills. The coding and the development of computational thinking are declined in this context as facilitators of these skills in everyday life and in working contexts. The contribution presents a case study that describes peer tutoring laboratory activities focused on learning coding skills that involved students, enrolled in the Degree Course in Education and Training Sciences of the University of Siena, as a form of alternative curricular internship during the lockdown period. The study shows how students approached this form of internship, how they designed peer tutoring sessions and the gains in terms of learning and professional development.

This article presents the correspondence Cesare Cases and Hans Magnus Enzensberger entertained from 1962 to 1966. Held at Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Franco Fortini (University of Siena), this correspondence consists of eight letters and one postcard (all sent by Enzensberger to Cases). By analyzing and commenting on certain excerpts of their letters, we will place the two authors in their national and international contexts and provide a foreshortened picture of the relationships between German and Italian left-wing intellectuals after the Second World War.

Il periodo pandemico, con le misure di didattica a distanza promosse per necessità, ha rappresentato una spinta a riflettere sulle potenzialità offerte dalla formazione a distanza. Sono stati profusi grandi sforzi nella ricerca di “alternative” digitali, sostenute dalle politiche di promozione e diffusione del Ministero degli Esteri (MAECI, 2021). Il presente contributo vuole dare conto di una di queste esperienze: i CLID, Corsi di Lingua Italiana a Distanza nati nel giugno 2020 nell’ambito del Centro Linguistico dell’Università per Stranieri di Siena. Questi combinano modalità di apprendimento asincrono e sincrono, attraverso l’impiego di una piattaforma LMS per la fruizione dei contenuti in auto-apprendimento e di un programma di videoconferenza, ZOOM, per gli incontri sincroni. Tali corsi, ormai integrati nel ventaglio dell’offerta formativa dell’Università per Stranieri di Siena, in quasi tre anni, sono stati sottoposti a diversi monitoraggi e formule che li hanno resi uno strumento efficace, anche a sostegno delle attività degli Istituti di Cultura Italiana nel mondo, in affiancamento ai corsi in presenza o come proposta per pubblici impossibilitati a muoversi. Il contributo si concentra su quest’ultimo aspetto. L’esperienza è stata in grado di aprire nuovi scenari per la formazione linguistica online, per la diffusione della lingua e cultura italiana e un arricchimento nell’offerta e una possibilità per tutti coloro che desiderano conoscere e apprendere la nostra lingua. Promotion of Italian language and culture worldwide: the opportunity of the online The pandemic time, with distance learning measures promoted out of necessity, has provided an impetus to reflect on the potential offered by distance education. Great efforts have been made in the search for digital “alternatives”, supported by the promotion and dissemination policies of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAECI, 2021).This contribution aims to present one of these experiences: the CLID, Italian Language Courses at a Distance, developed in June 2020 within the Linguistic Center of the University for Foreigners of Siena. These courses combine asynchronous and synchronous learning modes, through the use of an LMS platform for self-learning content consumption and a video conferencing program, ZOOM, for synchronous meetings. These courses, now integrated into the range of educational offerings of the University, have undergone various monitoring and formulas over almost three years, making them an effective tool, also in support of the activities of the Italian Cultural Institutes worldwide, alongside in-person courses or as a proposal for audiences unable to move. The contribution focuses on this latter aspect. The experience has been able to open up new scenarios for online language education, for the dissemination of Italian language and culture, offering enrichment and a possibility for all those who wish to know and learn our language.

Con questo numero, a due anni dalla sua ‘riemersione’ in una nuova edizione digitale, «La Diana» transita, con i suoi primi quattro fascicoli, sulla piattaforma FUP-Firenze University Press | USiena Press: è l’esito naturale del progetto di collaborazione tra i due atenei toscani di Firenze e di Siena varato quest’anno per la realizzazione di pubblicazioni scientifiche in co-edizione. L’obiettivo è quello di promuovere l’editoria universitaria in modalità open-access e di potenziarne la presenza, la visibilità e l’accessibilità sulla rete, sui principali motori di ricerca e sugli OPAC delle biblioteche di settore. Un passaggio obbligato, dunque: per raggiungere una platea sempre più ampia di ricercatori, studiosi e cultori della materia e anche per mettere alla prova, in questo modo, la tenuta della nostra proposta, nell’agone più competitivo (e inevitabilmente però anche più ‘dissipativo’) delle pubblicazioni on-line, per consolidarne missione e identità.

Nel novembre del 2019 il Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca pubblica il bando "Piani per l'orientamento e il tutorato". Lo scopo è quello di innovare e supportare le azioni di orientamento e tutorato delle Università italiane. Il Corso di Laurea in Scienze dell'educazione e della formazione dell'Università di Siena, capofila di un network di 15 CdL L-19, 116 scuole e 101 organizzazioni del settore educativo e formativo, risponde al bando proponendo il progetto "Super – percorsi di orientamento etutorato per promuovere il successo universitario e professionale". Il progetto ha come obiettivo quello di realizzare azioni di orientamento e tutorato per supportare le prefigurazioni professionali di studentesse e studenti. Il contributo descrive le caratteristiche generali del progetto che hanno guidato il coordinamento delle attività del network, le sfide e le ipotesi che hanno permesso di guardare all'orientamento e al tutorato in un'ottica innovativa e lontana dai modelli tradizionali.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendukung pengembangan kampus digital Universitas Ibnu Sina Batam dengan merancang dan mengembangkan Dashboard Universitas Ibnu Sina. Objek pada penelitian ini dilakukan di kampus Universitas Ibnu Sina Batam di bagian Biro Administrasi dan Akademik dan Kemahasiswaan (BAAK). Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam ini adalah metode Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) yang meliputi kebutuhan, analisa dan desain, implementasi, pengujian, dan deployment. Dengan menggunakan permodelan UML. Sistem informasi yang dirancang dapat memberikan informasi yang real time dan akurat. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan mampu merancang aplikasi berbasis web mobile. Sehingga dapat diakses oleh seluruh civitas akademika di kampus Universitas Ibnu Sina dan mempermudah dalam pengaksesan informasi Universitas Ibnu Sina melalui internet.

Mulai awal tahun 2021 hingga saat ini, imunisasi virus corona sedang disosialisasikan ke seluruh pelosok Indonesia. Penyusunan imunisasi ini merupakan jawaban yang paling pas untuk mengurangi dan memutus mata rantai penularan virus Corona. Sasaran pada program dan Vaksinasi yang dilakukan Oleh Universitas Ibnu Sina dan bekerjasama dengan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Batam. Sasaran kegiatan Pengabdian yaitu Karyawan dan Dosen Universitas Ibnu Sina. Penyelenggaraan kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama 1 (satu) hari Pada Tanggal 20 September 2021. Mulai dari pukul 08.00 – 16.00. Capaian hasil dari Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk herdimmunity (kekebalan kelompok) Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk vaksinasi dilingkungan Yayasan Pendidikan Ibnu Sina. Untuk mempercepat target pelaksanaan vaksinasi di daaerah Kota Batam

The article presents the results emerged from an annual research-training project (2019-2020), which represented one of the training actions launched within the Forward Ministerial Project, Training, research and development of community based strategies to prevent radicalization and support integration (MIUR ID 85901), of the Department of Education, Human Sciences and Intercultural Communication of the University of Siena. The research-training path involved thirty doctors, nurses and practitioners from the medical and health contexts of the Centre of Italy, who took part in a professional development course. The course aimed at offering participatory settings through active development methodologies and methods for learning from the experience (Marsick, & Neaman, 2018; Fabbri, 2019) useful for validating their practices starting from those situations that they perceive as "critical" and challengers. 30 individual semi-structured interviews were conducted and 5 focus groups. All interviews and focus groups were recorded and transcribed ad verbatim. Each participant was invited to draw up an e-portfolio that included an analysis grid for self-case studies, and reflective narratives. The textual material thus collected was subjected to textual analysis of the content in order to detect the emerging categories. The results of the content analysis and the main elicited reflections are here detailed.

Alopesia androgenik adalah penipisan rambut akibat adanya rangsangan hormon androgen terhadap folikel rambut yang memiliki predisposisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT) terhadap penderita alopesia androgenetik, mengetahui prevalensi alopesia androgenik dengan rerata Indeks Massa Tubuh di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia,RS Ibnu Sina dan Menara Universitas Muslim Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia, RSIbnu Sina dan Menara Universitas Muslim Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ditemukan adanya hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh terhadap penderita alopesia androgenik. Prevalensi alopesia androgenik terbanyak yaitu dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh normal 34,8%.

A series of samples for radiocarbon dating were collected in 2005 from the Biblioteca Magliabechiana archaeological excavation area in the center of Florence, Italy, in a project directed by the Dipartimento di Archeologia e Storia delle Arti of the University of Siena, in cooperation with the Soprintendenza per i Beni Architettonici e per il Paesaggio per le province di Firenze e Prato. This area is located near the Uffizi Galleries, close to the Roman town, the Arno River and one of its former tributaries. The area is peculiar for the Florentine urban context because it was free from urban development until the 12th century AD. The exposed stratigraphy showed the presence of several layers composed of natural sediments, partly the result of historical floods. Here, we report a series of 14C measurements on charcoal and seed samples collected on this excavation. 14C dating has been performed in the LABEC laboratory in Florence, on the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) beam line of the AMS-IBA 3MV Tandetron accelerator. We also had the opportunity to compare the 14C dates obtained with several series of samples previously collected in nearby archaeological areas. Results were consistent with the data obtained previously and, moreover, offer interesting new aspects to the interpretation of the archaeological findings.

ABSS (Asian Business Software Solution) adalah program akuntansi yang dikenal sebelumnya dengan nama Myob, dan merupakan program komputer untuk bidang akuntansi yang dibuat secara terpadu untuk membuat laporan keuangan. Pemberian muatan penggunaan program dalam penyelesaian laporan keuangan kepada mahasiswa akan membantu mahasiswa memahami bidang-bidang akuntansi komprehensif. Selain itu dengan keahlian yang dimiliki setelah memperlajari ABSS V25, mahasiswa mampu bersaing di dunia kerja. Metode yang digunakan yaitu secara teori dan praktik, baik ilmu akuntansi maupun komputer akuntansi. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dilakukan 2 (dua) hari pada tanggal 19 – 20 November 2021. Mulai dari pukul 08.30 – 16.00 WIB. Hari pertama pelatihan dilakukan secara online yaitu membahas teori dan hari kedua pelatihan dilakukan secara offline yaitu praktik menggunakan aplikasi ABSS V25 di Universitas Ibnu Sina. Capaian hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah para mahasiswa akuntansi dapat memahami dan mengerti Aplikasi komputer akuntansi ABSS V25 ini sehingga mampu menggunakan aplikasi akuntansi ini dalam dunia kerja.

Il massaggio cardiopolmonare (RCP) è una procedura fondamentale per soccorrere un paziente in arresto cardiaco. Tuttavia, in diverse situazioni la RCP manuale non risulta essere di qualità. Per questo sono stati sviluppati dispositivi meccanici per le compressioni toraciche esterne che, non essendo inclini all'affaticamento, potrebbero potenzialmente superare alcuni limiti della RCP manuale: uno di questi sistemi è il Lund University Cardiopulmonary Assist System (LUCAS), attualmente in uso nella USL Toscana Sud Est e regolamentato dal Percorso Aziendale Best Perfusion.

Abstract The archaeological project on the hill of Poggio Imperiale began in 1992. From the beginning this project was characterized by intense experimentation with a range of IT applications. During 2014, the University of Siena began a new project focused on the valorisation of archaeological data with the creation of an Open-Air Museum of the Carolingian village, one of the archaeological phases of the settlement. Over the last several years, the use of three-dimensional (3D) data in archaeology has increased exponentially due to the application of photogrammetry to record every stratigraphic unit. This ever-increasing amount of data fostered the development of the C.A.P.I. project (Collina Accessibile di Poggio Imperiale – Accessibility of the Hill of Poggio Imperiale), which involved the construction of a 3D model of the archaeological area of Poggio Imperiale. The project modeled the three main life stages of the hill using 3D computer graphics. Virtual tours can be experienced through PCs, tablets, smartphones, and even virtual reality headsets, offering users a fully immersive experience. However, virtual reality will not be a replacement for the materiality of the archaeological site. On the contrary, it will provide an additional tool to make the site accessible and inclusive to any potential visitor, regardless of physical distance, physical ability, or time zone.

Perkembangan teknologi informasi di Indonesia, khususnya di bidang komputer, memerlukan sistem informasi yang efektif dalam mengelola data kerjasama di lembaga pendidikan. Universitas Ibnu Sina, sebagai contoh studi, menghadapi tantangan dalam pengarsipan dokumen kerjasama yang masih manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem informasi monitoring implementasi kerjasama untuk meningkatkan efisiensi Biro Kemahasiswaan, Alumni, dan Kerjasama (BKAK).penelitian ini mencakup analisis kebutuhan fungsional, perancangan use case diagram, activity diagram, sequence diagram, dan class diagram. Sistem ini diharapkan mempermudah proses monitoring dan mengatasi kendala pengarsipan dokumen manual. Studi ini memberikan solusi teknologi informasi yang relevan dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan organisasi, khususnya dalam konteks pengelolaan kerjasama di lingkungan pendidikan.

AbstractThe Natural Science Museum of Turin is the owner of a small but nice collection of meteorites, partly obtained by means of direct acquisition during the last 30 years, and partly inherited from the rather old collection of the University of Turin. This collection was partially forgotten for the last 50 years, and after 1936 the collection became almost invisible. In the last 30 years the meteorite samples were tightly packaged and retained in the basement of the museum building. Currently a new listing of the meteorite collection is in progress and almost finished, in which every sample is described, measured and weighed. For each sample the authors acquired high resolution images and examined historical documentations. Images were acquired with a desktop scanner, which was found to be an ideal tool for this purpose. A classification based on most famous meteorite catalogues is coupled to each description. About eighty samples (and probably a new meteorite, not described until now) will be depicted in the new catalogue, which hopefully will be published during 2009. The authors want to inform the international community that Turin the Museum holds an important collection containing almost all of the Piedmont meteorites (e.g. MOTTA DI CONTI, CERESETO, ALESSANDRIA), some Italian meteorites of considerable historical importance (TRONZANO, ALFIANELLO, ASSISI, SIENA), together with a selection of American and Eastern European samples.

Pendidikan dalam era globalisasi menuntut pendekatan kreatif dan inovatif dalam proses belajar mengajar untuk mengatasi kebosanan. Perkembangan teknologi memberikan peluang untuk memanfaatkan media pembelajaran yang inovatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media pembelajaran hardware dasar berbasis Augmented Reality (AR) di Laboratorium Teknik Informatika Universitas Ibnu Sina. Metode pengembangan menggunakan Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) dengan tahapan analisis, desain, implementasi, pengujian, dan pemeliharaan. Hasilnya adalah aplikasi AR yang dapat diakses melalui smartphone, menyajikan materi dengan model 3D menggunakan Unity. Implementasi teknologi AR meningkatkan interaktivitas pembelajaran. Saran untuk penyempurnaan fasilitas praktikum dan pembentukan kelas khusus diharapkan meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran hardware dasar. Diharapkan media ini dapat menjadi solusi inovatif untuk meningkatkan minat dan pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap mata kuliah tersebut.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan manajemen inventaris barang di Laboratorium Teknik Informatika Fakultas Teknik Universitas Ibnu Sina (UIS) Batam melalui pengembangan sistem informasi yang lebih canggih dan efisien. Dalam konteks ini, UIS menghadapi kendala dalam proses inventarisasi barang di laboratorium, yang masih dilakukan secara manual. Hal ini mengakibatkan kurangnya efisiensi dalam pencatatan inventaris, pengontrolan jumlah barang yang kurang akurat, dan dokumentasi yang tidak memadai terkait laporan inventaris laboratorium. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Model Waterfall, yang mencakup analisis kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, dan implementasi aplikasi. Melibatkan implementasi Unified Model Language (UML), penelitian ini menghasilkan use case diagram, activity diagram, sequence diagram, dan class diagram. Implementasi dilakukan melalui pengembangan aplikasi web menggunakan PHP dan MySQL sebagai basis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem informasi inventaris barang telah berhasil diimplementasikan dan dapat diakses melalui web browser. Aplikasi ini mencakup fitur-fitur seperti manajemen pengguna, kategori barang, data suplayer, pencatatan barang masuk dan keluar, serta rekapitulasi data. Penerapan sistem ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi, akurasi, dan dokumentasi inventaris barang di Laboratorium Teknik Informatika UIS.

Menjadikan kepuasan pasien sebagai orientasi adalah salah satu ciri pelayanan kesehatan bermutu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan karakteristik responden dan dimensi mutu pelayanan dengan kepuasan pasien. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Yayasan Wakaf Universitas Muslim Indonesia. Sampel sebanyak 242 orang yang dipilih menggunakan consecutive sampling. Data diperoleh melalui hasil penyebaran kuesioner yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Dimensi kompetensi teknis (p = 0,026), efektivitas, efisiensi, kesinambungan pelayanan, keamanan, dan hubungan interpersonal dengan masing-masing nilai (p = 0,000) adalah dimensi yang memiliki hubungan signifikan. Dimensi keterjangkauan/akses pelayanan (p = 0,177) dan kenyamanan (p = 0,516) adalah dimensi yang tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kepuasan pasien. Terdapat enam dimensi yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kepuasan pasien dari delapan dimensi mutu pelayanan. Saran untuk penelitian ini, diharapkan kepada Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina YW-UMI untuk meningkatkan aspek berupa sikap/keterampilan perawat, kesadaran perawat untuk mengidentifikasi pasien sebelum tindakan, kesigapan dalam melayani pasien, kemampuan komunikasi terutama perawat dalam menyampaikan perubahan keadaan pasien kepada dokter, dan edukasi pasien mengenai risiko kecelakaan di rumah sakit.

BackgroundRetifanlimab (INCMGA00012) is a humanized, hinge-stabilized immunoglobulin G4 kappa (IgG4κ), anti-programmed cell death protein (PD)-1 monoclonal antibody with safety and clinical pharmacology that are characteristic for the class. Evaluation of retifanlimab in solid tumors is under investigation in phase 2 and 3 studies. POD1UM-201 is an open-label, single-arm, multicenter, phase 2 study evaluating the efficacy and safety of retifanlimab in patients with chemotherapy-naïve or chemotherapy-refractory advanced/metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Updated results from the chemotherapy-naïve cohort are reported here.MethodsEligible patients were ≥18 years of age, had metastatic or recurrent unresectable loco-regional MCC, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤1, measurable disease per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1, and had not received prior systemic treatment for MCC. Retifanlimab 500 mg IV every 4 weeks (Q4W) was administered for up to 2 years. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) assessed by independent central review per RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints included duration of response, disease control rate (DCR; defined as proportion of patients with either an objective response or stable disease lasting at least 6 months), progression-free survival, overall survival, safety, and pharmacokinetics.ResultsAs of April 16, 2021, 87 patients with chemotherapy-naïve advanced/metastatic MCC had received retifanlimab. Per protocol, the primary efficacy analyses are based on the first 65 patients assessed. At the data cutoff, 34 of these 65 patients (52.3%) were on treatment; 4 (6.2%) had completed treatment; and 27 (41.5%) had discontinued treatment for reasons including disease progression (18 [27.7%]), adverse event (AE; 7 [10.8%]), death (1 [1.5%]), and physician decision (1 [1.5%]). The ORR in these patients was 46.2% (n=30: complete response, 8 [12.3%]; partial response, 22 [33.8%]). The DCR was 53.8% (n=35). Other secondary efficacy results are not yet mature. Among all treated patients (n=87), 66 (75.9%) had a treatment-emergent AE (TEAE), 25 (28.7%) had a grade ≥3 TEAE, and 12 (13.8%) had a grade ≥3 treatment-related AE. Twenty-three patients (26.4%) had an immune-related AE (irAE), and 8 (9.2%) had a grade ≥3 irAE. Four patients (4.6%) discontinued treatment due to irAEs (peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, pancreatitis, eosinophilic fasciitis, and polyarthritis [each n=1]). One patient (1.1%) had a grade 3 infusion reaction.ConclusionsThese data from the POD1UM-201 trial show that retifanlimab monotherapy at 500 mg Q4W continues to demonstrate promising clinical activity and safety in patients with advanced/metastatic chemotherapy-naïve MCC. Updated results will be presented at the meeting.AcknowledgementsThe study is sponsored by Incyte Corporation (Wilmington, DE). Statistical support was provided by Xiaohan Xu of Incyte Corporation. Editorial assistance was provided by Matthew Bidgood of Envision Pharma Group (Philadelphia, PA, USA).Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT03599713; EudraCT 2018-001627-39Ethics ApprovalThe study was approved by institutional review boards or independent ethics committees in Canada (McGill University Health Center-Research Ethics Board [MP-37-2019-5103, MEO-37-2019-1616]; Ontario Cancer Research Ethics Board [1728]; Health Research Ethics Board of Alberta – Cancer Committee [HREBA.CC-19-0004, HREBA.CC-19-0020]); Czech Republic (Eticka komise Fakultni nemocnice Kralovske Vinohrady, Eticka komise IKEM a FTNsP, Eticka komise Nemocnice Na Bulovce, Statni ustav pro kontrolu leciv, Eticka komise FN a LF UP Olomouc [169/18MEK24, LEK/04/07/2018, (L-18-85) 8522/23.3.2021, 22.3.2021/9965/EK-Z]); France (Comité de Protection des Personnes Ile de France X [CNRIPH : 18.11.19.49212/Id. 2043]; Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des Produits de Santé); Germany (Ethik-Kommission der Medizinischen Fakultaet der Universitaet Duisburg-Essen [18-8371-AF]; Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz; Paul-Ehrlich Institute); Hungary (Egeszsegugyi Tudomanyos Tanacs Klinikai Farmakologiai Etikai Bizottsaga [IV/2407-0/2021-EKL, OGYÉI/11697-2/2021]; Orszagos Gyogyszereszeti es Elelmezes-egeszsegugyi Intezet); Italy (Comitato Etico IRCCS Pascale Napoli [116/21 E - 87/18]; Comitato Etico IRCCS di Candiolo [232/2021]; Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II IRCCS Ospedale Oncologico Bari [736/CE]; Comitato Etico Locale per la Sperim. Clin. dei Medicinali dell’Az. Osp.ra Univ.ria Senese di Siena [14107]; Comitato Etico dell’IRCCS Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Genova [389/2018 - 24/05/2021]; Comitato etico degli IRCCS Istituto Europeo di Oncologia e Centro Cardiologico Monzino [IEO 948 - RE3065/IB Edition 7 dated 10Nov2020 (SA7)]; Comitato Etico, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, .c. Medicina Oncologica 1 – Fondazio [INT 01/19]; Comitato Etico IRCCS Istituto Oncologico Veneto di Padova [EM 109/2021]; Comitato Etico dell’IRCCS Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata Ospedale Generale S. Carlo di Roma [550/7]; AIFA – Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco [0040152-01/04/2021-AIFA-AIFA_USC-P]; Comitatao Etico Policlinico di Modena [1017/2018/FARM/AOUMO - EMENDAMENTO SOSTANZIALE IB EDIZIONE 7 DEL 10/11/20 (201800162739-010) (p. 9869/21)]); Poland (Komisja Bioetyczna przy Centrum Onkologii [no. 55/2019]; Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Products [UR/DBL/D/328/2019]); Spain (CEIC Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon [280/18]; Agencia Española del Medicamento y Productos Sanitarios); Switzerland (Kantonale Ethikkommission Zürich (KEK-Zürich) [2019-00200]; Swissmedic [2019DR2035]); United Kingdom (North East – York Research Ethics Committee [248465]; Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency; Health Research Authority); United States (Copernicus Group IRB; Western Institutional Review Board [20181738, Work order number -– IQV1-18-309]; Roswell Park Cancer Institute IRB [STUDY00000802/P 75918]; Inova Institutional Review Board, Human Research Protection Program; Stanford IRB Research Compliance Office [48198]; Rush University Medical Center [18072304-IRB01]; University of Miami IRB; Mayo Clinic IRB – Rochester).

BackgroundBehçet’s syndrome (BS) is a rare systemic vasculitis hallmarked by oral, genital and ocular involvement, often accompanied by articular, cutaneous, vascular, neurological, and gastrointestinal manifestations [1, 2]. Articular involvement is present in up to 80% of BS patients [3], and, from a clinical point of view, it may resemble seronegative arthritis, particularly psoriatic arthritis (PsA), with which an overlap has also been described [4-6]. To this date, no specific instrumental or laboratory biomarker is available to help the differential diagnosis between BS and PsA, which currently relies only on clinical assessment and might be particularly challenging. On these bases, there is a growing interest on the identification of new laboratory biomarkers which might assist in the diagnostic process. Among them, interleukin (IL)-36 belongs to the IL-1 family and is involved in skin and joint-related inflammatory conditions [7, 8]. Increased serum levels of IL-36, especially IL-36α, have been described in PsA at synovial level [9], while no study investigated its levels in BS.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the ability of serum IL-36α to differentiate BS from PsA patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed on a cohort of 90 adult patients with BS followed at two referral centres for BS (Behçet Center of the Careggi University Hospital of Florence, and University Hospital of Siena, Italy), 80 patients with PsA from the University Hospital Erlangen (Germany), and 80 healthy controls (HCs). Serum IL-36α concentrations were measured in blood samples using human IL-36α enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (MyBioSource, San Diego, Ca), and compared in the three groups.ResultsSerum IL-36α concentrations were significantly higher among BS patients [median level of 201.7 (112.7 – 320.2) pg/mL] as compared to HC [16.9 (13.7-22.2); p<0.001]. Conversely, BS patients displayed significantly lower IL-36α levels as compared to the PsA group (544 (296-759); p<0.001) (Figure 1). When we investigated the ability of IL-36α to discriminate BS patients from PsA patients, an empirical optimal cut-off of 420.6 pg/ml displayed a specificity of 0.93, with a sensitivity of 0.70 (AUC 0.82) in discriminating PsA from BS.This cut-off displayed a good diagnostic performance also in BS patients with mucosal and ocular manifestations, i.e., the two BS involvement associated with the highest IL-36α levels, as well as in those lacking major organ involvement, who represent a challenging group from a diagnostic point of view.ConclusionSerum IL-36α is remarkably increased in patients with PsA as well as in BS, although to a lesser extent. Serum IL-36α could be a candidate biomarker for the differential diagnosis between these two conditions.References[1] Bettiol A, Front Immunol. 2019.[2] Bettiol A, Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020[3] Tursen U, Int J Dermatol. 2003[4] International Team for the Revision of the International Criteria for Behcet’s Disease, J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014;28(3):338-47.[5] Di Scala G, J Autoimmun. 2019[6] Fagni F, Ann Rheum Dis. 2020[7] Magne D, Arthritis Res Ther. 2006.[8] Boutet MA, Clin Exp Immunol. 2016.[9] Boutet MA, Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020.Figure 1.IL-36α levels in patients with Behçet’s syndrome (BS), with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and in healthy controls (HC).Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.

Настоящая работа является первым общим описанием на русском языке двух некрополей Кампокиаро (Кампобассо, Италия) – Виченне и Морионе, датируемых последней третью VII в. – началом VIII в. Культурное содержание некрополей показывает прочные связи с населением центральноазиатского происхождения. Важнейшим признаком некрополей являются захоронения с конем, соответствующие евразийскому кочевому погребальному обряду. Автор поддержал выводы европейских исследователей о том, что с большой долей вероятности некрополи оставлены булгарами дукса–гаштальда Алзеко, зафиксированными Павлом Диаконом в VIII в. на территориях Бояно, Сепино и Изернии. Аналогии некрополей Кампокиаро с погребениями Аварского каганата показывают присутствие в аварском обществе булгар со схожим погребальным обрядом. Из тысяч погребений с конем, оставленных аварским населением, булгарам могла принадлежать большая часть. Авары и булгары составляли основу и правящую верхушку каганата. Народ Алзеко являлся той частью булгар, которая в 631 г. боролась за каганский престол, что указывает на высокое положение булгар и их большое количество. После поражения эта группа булгар мигрировала последовательно в Баварию, Карантанию и Италию. Несколько десятков лет проживания в венедской, а затем в лангобардской и романской среде привели к гетерогенности погребального инвентаря, но не изменили сам обряд. Булгары лангобардского королевства составляли новый военный слой, который представлял из себя профессиональную кавалерию, получивший землю. Эта конная дружина является ранним примером европейского феодального воинского и социального сословия, которое станет называться рыцарством. Библиографические ссылки Акимова М.С. Материалы к антропологии ранних болгар // Генинг В.Ф., Халиков А.Х. Ранние болгары на Волге (Больше–Тарханский могильник). М.: Наука, 1964. С. 177–191. Амброз А.К. Кинжалы VI – VIII вв, с двумя выступами на ножнах // СА. 1986. № 4. С. 53–73. Безуглов С.И., Ильюков Л.С. Памятник позднегуннской эпохи в устье Дона // Средневековые древности Дона / Ред. Ю.К. Гугуев. М.–Иерусалим: Мосты и культуры, 2007. C. 25–48. Бешевлиев В. Пръвобългарите. История, бит и култура. Пловдив: Фондация «Българско историческо наследство», 2008. 505 с. Гавритухин И.О., Иванов А.Г. Погребение 552 Варнинского могильника и некоторые вопросы изучения раннесредневековых культур Поволжья // Пермский мир в раннем средневековье / Отв. ред. А.Г. Иванов. Ижевск: УИИЯЛ УрО РАН, 1999. С. 99–159. Добиаш–Рождественская О.А. Ранний фриульский минускул и одна из проблем жизни и творчества лангобардского историка VIII в. // Вспомогательные исторические дисциплины / Под ред. А. С. Орлова. М.; Л.: Изд–во АН СССР, 1937. С. 109–140. Засецкая И.П. Культура кочевников южнорусских степей в гуннскую эпоху (конец IV–V вв.). СПб.: АО "Эллипс", 1994. 221 с. Казанский М.М. Оногуры в постгуннское время на Дону // Дивногорский сборник / Труды музея-заповедника «Дивногорье». Вып. 6. / под ред. А. З. Винникова. Воронеж: Изд.– полигр. центр «Научная книга», 2016. С. 96–111. Казанский М.М. Хронологические индикаторы степных древностей постгуннского времени в Восточной Европе // НАВ. 2019. Т. 18 (2). С. 109–124. Кардини Ф. Истоки средневекового рыцарства // Пер. с ит. В.П. Гайдук / Общ. ред. В.И. Уколова, Л.А. Котельникова. М.: Прогресс, 1987. 384 с. Комар А.В., Кубышев А.И., Орлов Р.С. Погребения кочевников VI–VII вв. из Северо–Западного Приазовья // Степи Европы в эпоху средневековья. Т. 5. Хазарское время / Гл.ред. А.В.Евглевский Донецк: ДонНУ, 2006. С. 245–376. Кондукторова Т.С. Антропологическая характеристика черепов из Верхнего Чир–Юртовского могильника в Дагестане // ВА. 1967. Вып. 25. С. 117–129. Красильников К.И. Могильник древних болгар у с. Желтое на Северском Донце // Проблеми на прабългарската история и култура. София: БАН, Нац. Археол. институт с музей филиал Шумен, Аргес, 1991. Т. 2. С. 62–81. Красильников К.И., Красильникова Л.И. Могильник у с. Лысогоровка – новый источник по этноистории степей Подонцовья раннего средневековья // Степи Европы в эпоху средневековья. Т 4. Хазарское время / Гл.ред. А.В. Евглевский. Донецк: ДонНУ, 2005. С. 187–244. Красильников К.И., Руженко А.А. Погребение хирурга на древнеболгарском могильнике у с. Желтое // СА. 1981. № 2. С. 282–289. Кузнецова Т.И. Павел Диакон. Из «Истории лангобардов» // Памятники средневековой латинской литературы IV–IX веков / Отв. ред. М. Е. Грабарь-Пассек и М. Л. Гаспаров. М.: Наука, 1970. С. 243–257. Медникова М.Б. Трепанации у древних народов Евразии. М.: Научный мир, 2001. 304 с. Мингазов Ш.Р. Болгары Алзеко в Баварии, Карантании и Италии как пример автономной части этнокультурной общности // Восточная Европа в древности и средневековье. Античные и средневековые общности: XXIX Чтения памяти члена-корреспондента АН СССР В.Т. Пашуто. Москва, 19–21 апреля 2017 / Отв. Ред. Е. А. Мельникова. М: Институт всеобщей истории РАН, 2017. С. 160–164. Мингазов Ш.Р. Следы взаимовлияния европейской и азиатской социокультурных моделей: булгары в Италии (VI–VIII вв.) // Восточная Европа в древности и средневековье. Сравнительные исследования социокультурных практик: XXXII Чтения памяти члена корреспондента АН СССР В.Т. Пашуто. Москва, 15–17 апреля 2020 / Отв. Ред. Е. А. Мельникова. М.: Институт всеобщей истории РАН, 2020. С. 162–166. Нестеров С.П. Конь в культах тюркоязычных племен Центральной Азии в эпоху средневековья. Новосибирск: Наука. Сиб. отд–ие АН СССР, 1990. 143 с. Павел Диакон. История лангобардов / Пер. с лат., ст. Ю.Б. Циркина. СПб.: Азбука–классика, 2008. 318 с. Решетова И.К. Население донецко–донского междуречья в раннем средневековье: Палеоантропологическое исследование. СПб.: Нестор–История, 2015. 132 с. Решетова И.К. Описание индивидов с трепанированными черепами среди носителей Салтово–маяцкой культуры: медицинская практика или культ? // Этнографическое обозрение. 2012. № 5. С. 151–157. Ронин В.К. «История лангобардов» Павла Диакона // Свод древнейших письменных известий о славянах / Отв. ред. Л. А. Гиндин, Г. Г. Литаврин. М.: Издательская фирма «Восточная литература» РАН, 1995. Т. II. С. 480–501. Ронин В.К. Так называемая Хроника Фредегара // Свод древнейших письменных известий о славянах / Отв. ред. Л. А. Гиндин, Г. Г. Литаврин. М.: Издательская фирма «Восточная литература» РАН, 1995. Т. II. С. 364–397. Трифонов Ю.И. Об этнической принадлежности погребений с конем древнетюркского времени (в связи с вопросом о структуре погребального обряда тюрков–тугю // Тюркологический сборник 1972. / Отв. ред. А.Н. Кононов. М.: Наука, 1973. С. 351–374. Храпунов И.Н., Казанский М.М. Погребение № 114 на могильнике Нейзац (предгорный Крым) и древности кочевников Северного Причерноморья второй половины V — первой половины VI в. // КСИА. Вып. 238. М.: ИА РАН, 2015. С. 170–194. Шишманов И. Българите в “Orlando furioso” и въ по–старата френска драма // Български преглед. VI. Кн. 8. София: Придворна печатница, 1900. Година С. 67–84. Ceglia V. Campochiaro. La necropoli di Vicenne // L’oro degli Avari: popolo delle steppe in Europa. Milano: Inform, 2000. P. 212–221. Ceglia V. Campochiaro: la necropoli altomedievale di Vicenne (CB) // V Settimana beni culturali. Tutela. Catalogo della mostra. Matrice: Soprintendenza archeologica e per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici del Molise, 1989. P. 63–67. Ceglia V. Interventi di recupero dei siti sparsi e necropolis // Conoscenze. Campobasso: Soprintendenza archeologica e per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici del Molise, 1994. Vol. 7. P. 17–20. Ceglia V. La Necropoli altomedioevale di Vicenne nel Comune di Campochiaro // Almanacco del Molise. Campobasso: Habacus Edithore,1989. Ed. 21, vol. II. P. 153–158. Ceglia V. La necropoli di Campochiaro (Italia) // Roma e i Barbari. La nascita di un nuovo mondo. Catalogo della Mostra (Venezia, 26 gennaio –20 luglio 2008) / A cura di J.J. Aillagon. Milano: Skira, 2008. P. 469–475. Ceglia V. Lo scavo della necropoli di Vicenne // Conoscenze. Campobasso: Soprintendenza archeologica e per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici del Molise, 1988. Vol. 4. P. 31–48. Ceglia V. Necropoli di Vicenne // Studi sull’Italia dei Sanniti. Milano: Electa, 2000. P. 298–302. Ceglia V. Presenze funerarie di eta altomedievale in Molise. Le necropoli di Campochiaro e la tomba del cavaliere // I Longobardi del Sud. Roma: Giorgio Bretschneider Editore, 2010. P. 241–255. Ceglia V. Tomba bisoma 88 della necropoli di Campochiaro, localita Morrione // Il futuro dei longobardi. L 'Italia e la costruzione dell' Europa di Carlo Magno / A cura di С. Bertelli, G.P. Brogiolo. Milano: Skira, 2000. P. 80–81. Ceglia V. Varietа di infl ussi culturali nelle necropoli di Campochiaro. Considerazioni preliminari / I beni culturali nel Molise. Il Medioevo / A cura di De Benedittis G. Campobasso: Istituto regionale per gli studi storici del Molise “V. Cuoco”, 2004. P. 79–86. Ceglia V., Genito B. La necropoli altomedievale di Vicenne a Campochiaro // Samnium: Archeologia del Molisе. Roma: Quasar, 1991. P. 329–334. Ceglia V., Marchetta I. Nuovi dati dalla necropoli di Vicenne a Campochiaro // La trasformazione del mondo romano e le grandi migrazioni. Nuovi popoli dall'Europa settentrionale e centro–orientale alle coste del Mediterraneo / A cura di C. Ebanista, M. Rotili. Napoli: Tavolario Edizioni, 2012. P. 217–238. Chronicarum quae dicuntur Fredegarii Scholastici libri IV // MGH, Scriptores Rerum Merovingicarum / Ed. B. Krusch. Hannoverae: Impensis bibliopolii hahniani, 1888. T. 2. P. 1-193. Constitutiones et Acta Publica Imperatorum et Regum // MGH, Rerum Germanicarum Medii Aevi / Ed. L. Weiland. Hannoverae, Impensis bibliopolii hahniani, 1893. T. I, №. 333. P. 472–477. Curta F. Ethnicity in the Steppe Lands of the Northern Black Sea Region During The Early Byzantine Times // Archaeologia Bulgarica. 2019. T. ХХIII. P. 33–70. De Benedittis G. Di alcuni materiali altomedievali provenienti dal Molise centrale ed il problema topografi co della necropoli di Vicenne // Conoscenze. Campobasso: Soprintendenza archeologica e per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici del Molise, 1988. Vol. 4. P. 103–108. De Benedittis G. Introduzione // Samnium: Archeologia del Molisе. Roma: Quasar, 1991. P. 325–328. De Marchi P.M. Modelli insediativi "militarizzati" d'eta longobarda in Lombardia // Citta, castelli, campagne nel territori di frontiera (secoli 6–7). Mantova: SAP Societa Archeologica S.r.l., 1995. P. 33–85. De Vingo P. Avari e slavi nel Friuli altomedievale secondo l’Historia Langobardorum di Paolo Diacono // Paolo Diacono e il Friuli alto medievale (secc. VI– X). Spoleto: Centro Italiano di studi sull’alto medioevo, 2001. P. 807–815. Ditten H. Protobulgaren und Germanen im 5.–7. Jahrhundert (vor der Grundung des ersten bulgarischen Reiches) // Bulgarian Historical Review. София: Институт за исторически изследвания, 1980. Vol. VIII, 3. P. 51–77. Donceva–Petkova L. Zur ethnischen Zugehörigkeit einiger Nekropolen des 11. Jahrhunderts in Bulgarien // Post–Roman Towns, Trade and Settlement in Europe and Byzantium / Ed. J. Henning. Berlin–New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2007. Vol. 2. S. 643–660. Ebanista C. Gli usi funerari nel ducato di Benevento: alcune considerazioni sulle necropoli campane e molisane di VI–VIII secolo // Archeologia e storia delle migrazioni: Europa, Italia, Mediterraneo fra tarda eta romana e alto medioevo (Giornate sulla tarda antichita e il medioevo, 3). Cimitile: Tavolario Edizioni, 2011. P. 337–364. Ebanista С. Tradizioni funerarie nel ducato di Benevento: l’apporto delle popolazioni alloctone // Nekropoli Longobarde in Italia. Atti del Convegno Internazionale 26–28.09.2011. Trento: Castello del Buonconsiglio, monumenti e collezioni provinciali, 2014. P. 445–471. Fedele A. La deposizione del cavallo nei cimiteri longobardi: dati e prime osservazioni // Archeologia dei Longobardi: dati e metodi per nuovi percorsi di analisi (Archeologia Barbarica, 1). Mantova: SAP Societa Archeologica s.r.l., 2017. P. 59–82. Fedele A., Marchetta I., Colombo D. Ritualita e rappresentazione funeraria nelle tombe di Vicenne (Campochiaro, CB). Una sintesi // Prima e dopo Alboino sulle trace dei Longobardi. Atti del Convegno internazionale di studi Cimitile–Nola–Santa Maria Capua Vetere. Cimitile: Guida, 2019. P. 295–314. Genito B. Archaeology of the Early medieval nomads in Italy: the horse–burials in Molise (7th century) south–central Italy // Kontakte zwischen Iran, Byzanz und der Steppe in 6.–7. Jh. / Hrsg. C. Balint (Varia Archaeologica Hungarica, IX). Budapest: Archaologisches Institut der UAW, 2000. P. 229–247. Genito B. Il Molise nell’altomedioevo: tra Mediterraneo ed Eurasia. Un’occasione perduta? // Miti e popoli del Mediterraneo antico. Scritti in onore di Gabriella d'Henry. Salerno: Tipografi a Fusco, 2014. P. 279–292. Genito B. Materiali e problemi // Conoscenze. Campobasso: Soprintendenza archeologica e per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici del Molise, 1988. Vol. 4. P. 49–67. Genito B. Sepolture con cavallo da Vicenne (CB): un rituale nomadico di origine centroasiatica // I Congresso Nazionale di Archeologia Medievale (Pisa 29–31 maggio 1997) / A cura di S. Gelichi. Firenze: All'Insegna del Giglio, 1997. P. 286–289. Genito B. Tombe con cavallo a Vicenne // Samnium: Archeologia del Molisе. Roma: Quasar, 1991. P. 335–338. Giostra C. Il ducato longobardo di Ivrea: la grande necropoli di Borgomasino // Per il Museo di Ivrea. Lasezione archeologica del Museo Civico P.A. Garda / A cura di A. Gabucci, L. Pejrani Baricco, S. Ratto. Firenze: All’Insegna Giglio, 2014. P. 155–176. Hersak E. Vulgarum dux Alzeco // Casopis za zgodovino in narodopisje. Maribor: Izdajata univerza v Mariboru in Zgodovinsko drustvo v Mariboru, 2001. Let. 72 (37), 1–2. S. 269–278. Hodgkin T. Italy and her Invaders. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1895. Vol. VI. 636 p. Jozsa L., Fothi E. Trepanalt koponyak a Karpat–medenceben (a leletek szambavetele, megoszlasa es lelohelyei) // Folia Anthropologica. Szombathely: Balogh es Tarsa Kft, 2007. T. 6. O. 5–18. Koch A. Uberlegungen zum Transfer von Schwerttrag– und –kampfesweise im fruhen Mittelalter am Beispiel chinesischer Schwerter mit p–förmigen Tragriemenhaltern aus dem 6.–8. Jahrhundert n. Chr. // Jahrbucher des Romisch–Germanischen Zentralmuseums. Mainz: RGZM, 1998. Bd. 45. S. 571–598. Kruger K.–H. Zur «beneventanischen» Konzeption der Langobardengeschichte des Paulus Diakonus // Fruhmittelalterliche studien. Berlin–New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1981. Bd. 15. P. 18–35. La Rocca C. Tombe con corredi, etnicita e prestigio sociale: l’Italia longobarda del VII secolo attraverso l’interpretazione archeologica // Archeologia e storia dei Longobardi in Trentino. Mezzolombardo: Comune di Mezzolombardo, 2009. P. 55–76. La Salvia V. La diffusione della staffa nell’area merovingia orientale alla luce delle fonti archeologiche // Temporis Signa. Spoleto: Fondazione Centro Italiano di studi sull’alto Medioevo, 2007. Vol. 2. P. 155–171. Laszlo O. Detailed Analysis of a Trepanation from the Late Avar Period (Turn of the 7th–8th Centuries—811) and Its Signifi cance in the Anthropological Material of the Carpathian Basin // International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. Published online in Wiley Online Library, 2016. Vol. 26–2. P. 359–365. Marchetta I. Ceramica ed Ethnos nelle tombe di Vicenne (Campochiaro, CB): il ritual funerario attraverso l’analisi del corredo vascolare // Le forme della crisi. Produzioni ceramiche e commerce nell’Italia centrale tra Romani e Longobardi (III–VIII sec. d.C.) / A cura di E. Cirelli, F. Diosono, H. Patterson. Bologna: Ante Quem, 2015. P. 663–671. Marchetta I. Il carattere composito del regno: le necropoli di Campochiaro (Campobasso) (cat. II.36–40) // Longobardi. Un popolo che cambia la storia. Schede mostra / A cura di G.P. Brogiolo, F. Marazzi, C. Giostra. Milano, Skira, 2017. P. 54–58. Mednikova M.B. Prehistoric Trepanations in Russia: Ritual or Surgical? // Trepanation: History, Discovery, Theory / Eds. R. Arnott, S. Finger, S. Smith C. Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger, 2003. P. 163–174. Muratori L.A. Antiquitates Italicae medii Aevi, sive Dissertationes. Mediolani: Ex Typographia societatis Palatinae, 1740. T. III. 1242 coll.Pasqui U. Documenti per la storia della citta di Arezzo nel medio evo. Arezzo: G.P. Vieusseux, 1899. Vol. I. 576 p. Pauli historia Langohardorum // MGH. Scriptores rerum Langobardicarum et Italicarum saec. VI–IX / Ed. G. Waitz. Hannoverae: Impensis bibliopolii hahniani, 1878. Bd. I. P. 12–187. Pieri S. Toponomastica della Toscana meridionale (valli della Fiora, dell ‘Ombrone, della Cecina e fi umi minori) e dell‘Arcipelago Toscano. Siena: Accademia senese degli intronati, 1969. 472 p. Pohl W. Die Awaren. Ein Steppenvolk im Mittelalter. 567–822. Munchen: Verlag C.H. Beck, 1988. 529 p. Polverari A. Una Bulgaria nella Pentapoli. Longobardi, Bulgari e Sclavini a Senigallia. Senigallia: Pierfederici, 1969. 41 p. Premuzic Z., Rajic Sikanjic P., Rapan Papesa A. A case of Avar period trepanation from Croatia // Anthropological Review. Published online by De Gruyter, 2016. Vol. 79 (4). P. 471–482. Provesi C. Cavalli e cavalieri in Italia nell'Alto Medioevo (secc. V–X): studio della simbologia equestre attraverso fonti narrative, documentarie e archeologiche. Tesi di Dottorato. Venezia, 2013. Provesi C. I cavalieri e le loro donne, uno studio dei corredi funerari di VI–VII secolo // Univ. Degli studi di Verona. Verona, 2013. Доступно по URL: https://www.yumpu.com/it/document/view/16247410/chiara–provesi–scuola–superiore–di–studi–storici–geografi ci–(Дата обращения 04.12.2020) Provesi C. Uomini e cavalli in Italia meridionale da Cassiodoro ad Alzecone // Ipsam Nolam barbari vastaverunt: l’Italia e il Mediterraneo occidentale tra il V secolo e la metа del VI. Cimitile: Tavolario Edizioni, 2010. P. 97–111. Repetti E. Dizionario geografi co fi sico storico della Toscana. Firenze: Presso L’autore e editore, 1833. Vol. 1. 846 p. Rotili M. I Longobardi migrazioni, etnogenesi, insediamento // I Longobardi del Sud. Roma: Giorgio Bretschneider Editore, 2010. P. 1–77. Rubini M, Zaio P. Warriors from the East. Skeletal evidence of warfare from a Lombard–Avar cemetery in Central Italy (Campochiaro, Molise, 6th–8th Century AD) // Journal of Archaeological Science. Published online by Elsevier, 2011. Vol. 38. Issue 7. P. 1551–1559. Rubini M. Gli Avari in Molise. La necropoli di Campochiaro Morrione // ArcheoMolise. Associazione culturale ArcheoIdea. Isernia: Associazione culturale ArcheoIdea, 2009. T. II (apr.–giu. 2009). Р. 17–25. Rubini M. Il popolamento del Molise durante l’alto medioevo // I beni culturali nel Molise. Il Medioevo / A cura di De Benedittis G. Campobasso: Istituto regionale per gli studi storici del Molise “V. Cuoco”, 2004. P. 151–162. Sabatini F. Rifl essi linguistici della dominazione longobarda nell’Italia mediana e meridionale // Aristocrazie e societa fra transizione romano–germanica e alto medioevo. San Vitaliano: Tavolario Edizioni, 2015. P. 353–441. Sarno E. Campobasso da castrum a citta murattiana. Roma: Aracne, 2012. 324 p. Schneider F. Regestum Volaterranum. Regesten der Urkunden von Volterra (778–1303). Roma: Ermanno Loescher, 1907. 448 p. Staffa A.R. Una terra di frontiera: Abruzzo e Molise fra VI e VII Secolo // Citta, castelli, campagne nei territori di frontiera (secoli VI–VII) / A cura di G.P. Brogiolo. Мantova: Padus, 1995. P. 187–238. Staffa A.R. Bizantini e Longobardi fra Abruzzo e Molise (secc. VI–VII) / I beni culturali nel Molise. Il Medioevo / A cura di De Benedittis G. Campobasso: Istituto regionale per gli studi storici del Molise “V. Cuoco”, 2004. P. 215–248. Tomka P. Die Bestattungsformen der Awaren // Hunnen und Awaren. Reitervolker aus dem Osten. Burgenlandische Landesausstellung 1996 Schloss Halbturn vom 26. April bis 31. Oktober 1996. Begleitbuch und Katalog / Ed. F. Daim. Eisenstadt: Burgenland, Landesregierung, 1996. S. 384–387. Tornesi M. Presenze alloctone nell’Italia centrale: tempi, modalita e forme dell’organizzazione territorial nell’Abruzzo altomediale. Tesi di Dottorato. Roma: Sapienza universita’ di Roma, 2012. 275 p. Valenti M. Villaggi nell’eta delle migrazioni // I Longobardi. Dalla caduta dell’Impero all’alba dell’Italia / A cura di G.P. Brogiolo, A. Chavarria Arnau. Catalogo della mostra (Torino 28 settembre 2007–6 gennaio 2008). Milano: Silvana Editoriale, 2007. P. 151–158. Villa L. Il Friuli longobardo е gli Avari // L'oro degli Avari. Popolo delle steppe in Europa. Milano: Inform, 2000. P. 187–189. Wattenbach W. Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen im Mittelalter. Berlin: Verlag von Wilhelm Hertz, 1858. Vol. I. 478 p. Wattenbach W., Levison W., Lowe H. Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen im Mittelalter. Vorzeit und Karolinger. Weimar: Hermann Bohlaus nachfolger, 1953, Heft II. P. 157–290.

In 1496, Pavao Paladinić (Paolo Paladini, Paulus Paladinus, c. 1465 – c. 1513), a humanist from Hvar, composed his longest preserved text, The Oration of Pavao Paladinić of Hvar delivered in Taranto, in praise of the divine Frederick, Prince of Altamura, Illustrious Admiral of the Kingdom of Sicily and Governor-General. The text survives in a codex held today in Valencia (Universitat de València, Biblioteca Històrica, MS 132). The manuscript was a gift for Frederick of Aragon (1451–1501), the second son of the king of Naples, Ferdinand I (Ferrante). Frederick himself became king of Naples in October 1496. The paper introduces both Paladinić and Frederick, outlines the rhetorical features of Paladinić’s panegyric, and evaluates two modern editions of the Latin text (VALERIO 2001, GRACIOTTI 2005). The panegyric is provided in Latin and Croatian translation. Frederick of Aragon was the last king of Naples from the House of Aragon, ruling briefly in 1496–1501, after French King Charles VIII seized Naples in February 1495 and claimed the kingdom’s crown. Frederick spent much time abroad and refused to take part in the revolt of the barons, remaining loyal to his father, brother, and nephew. As king, he was forced to abdicate when confronted with the treaty of Granada in 1500. He had a keen interest in the arts and literature; in 1476 Lorenzo de’ Medici presented him with the gift of the Libro di Ragona, a collection of 500 poems by Dante, Cavalcanti, Cino da Pistoia, Pulci, and Boiardo. In the preface Frederick is compared to Peisistratos of Athens, who organised the transcription of Homer’s poems. Frederick’s court at Naples included a number of Petrarchist poets. The Paladinić family came to the Adriatic island of Hvar at around 1430 from Lecce, which in 1463 became directly subject to the Aragonese Kingdom of Naples. In Hvar the Paladinići became one of the richest families. Nikola Paladinić (born ca. 1419), Pavao’s father, served as the sopracomito of the Hvar galley in the Venetian navy several times between 1471 and 1497. In 1475 he was awarded the Order of Saint Mark. He had three sons: Pavao, Toma (killed in 1514 during the Hvar Rebellion) and Frano. Pavao accompanied his father in military expeditions, taking part in the capture of Monopoli in 1495 and in the battle at the Bocca d’Arno in 1497. In 1510, he composed a report (in Italian) on the crucifix from Hvar that perspired blood. Pavao Paladinić was in contact with the Dalmatian and Italian humanist poets Ilija Crijević, Tideo Acciarini, Frano Božićević Natalis, Pietro Contarini and Cassandra Fedele. The little known humanist Joannes Perlotus wrote De Nicolai Palladini Pharii equitis aurati Paulique eius filii militia ac memorabilibus gestis historiola per Joannem Perlotum edita, a brief celebration of the military achievements of Nikola and Pavao in 1475–1497 (preserved today as a manuscript in the National and University Library of Split); Nikola and Pavao were praised briefly in the Latin oration by Vinko Pribojević, De origine successibusque Slavorum (delivered in Hvar in 1525, printed in Venice in 1532). Pavao Paladinić praised Frederick of Aragon during the siege of Tarento, undertaken by joint forces of Naples and Venice, with a clear political goal: Frederick had to be persuaded to spare the city of Taranto, whose citizens were eager to surrender to Venice (and even to the Ottomans) to avoid massacre and destruction by the Aragonese army. For this reason, Paladinić insisted on the humanitas of the Aragonese prince. Paladinić’s panegyric follows the chronology of Frederick’s life, but mentions important events of that life only in very vague terms. The main themes of the panegyric are Frederick’s activities at home and abroad; there are remarks on the dignity of the human soul, on the best form of governance, on the island of Hvar and the Paladinić family, on his travels, and on the Necessity which rules human life. Paladinić cited or mentioned a number of names from Greek and Roman Antiquity (Tibullus, Xenocrates, Porphyry of Tyre, Plotinus, Augustine, Cicero, Strabo, Polybius, Aristotle, Apuleius and Hermes Trismegistus, Seneca, Pliny the Elder, Pythagoras, Vergil); while VALERIO 2001 identified most of Paladinić’s sources, I have been able to prove that Paladinić used – without naming it – the popular Italian commentary on Petrarch’s Trionfi by Bernardo da Siena (Bernardo Illicino, ca. 1430), first printed in 1475. Of the two modern editions of Paladini’s Latin panegyric, VALERIO 2001 is more reliable philologically, while GRACIOTTI 2005 is better on the Dalmatian context, and edits both Paladini’s prose and poetry from the Valencia codex.

The Franciscan Monastery of St Domnius at Kraj on the island of Pašman houses an incunable edition of Augustine’s The City of God (De Civitate Dei) which was printed in Venice by Nicolas Jenson in 1475. The incunable features beautiful Renaissance multi-coloured illuminations painted in tempera, sepia, ink and water colours while gold foils and gold dust were used on fol. 17 (the page number is not original but was subsequently added in pencil; this folio contains the beginning of Book 1) and a number of other folios. The illumination on fol. 17 consists of two phytomorphic initials, a decorative border and independent figural scenes while a number of other folios are decorated with phytomorphic initials of the littera notabilior type, the height of which corresponds to two lines, painted in red or blue. The top and left margin of the first page of Book 1 are filled with a decorative border terminating in trilobes on each end. The ornamental scheme of the border consists of a band made up of five thin lines which undulates in a spiral and thus forms circles. These are filled with flowers, leaves and berries painted in blue, green and cyclamen purple but also with gold stylized burdock flowers (Lat. Arctium lappa; some scholars call them gold dots, that is, bottoni dorati). The remaining fields are filled with bent scrolls. In the upper left corner of the frame is a goldfinch. The initial I, composed of phytomorphic motifs in blue, green and cyclamen purple and their shades, is painted against a gold background of the rectangular field situated at the beginning of the text column on the left-hand side. Inside the decorative border, placed at the height which corresponds to the centre of the initial, is a medallion with the bust of St Augustine depicted in the open sky with elongated white clouds and no other details. The illusion of the spatial depth was achieved through the use of tonal gradations: the shades of blue are darker at the top and lighter in the lower half of the sky. St Augustine is dressed in a white robe and a red cloak with a black hood. He is wearing a white mitre with a horizontal and perpendicular band highlighted with gold dust. The shadows and folds of his clothes were articulated with black and white lines. His right hand is pointing to the open book which was painted at the height of his chest. The fingers on his right hand are elongated and thin. St Augustine’s gold nimbus was painted as a full circle the left half of which was outlined in white and the right half in black. St Augustine is directing his gentle and sad gaze upwards. His head is slightly bent. His round and bony head is marked by the large round eyes with prominent sclera and dark circles underneath while the arched eyebrows are thinner at their ends. The nose is small and the mouth is turned downwards. The plasticity of the face and its complexion were articulated with white and pink shades. The trimmed dark beard is depicted with short lines in lighter and darker shades. The ornamental frame which fills the top margin corresponds to the one in the left margin but was decorated more modestly because the miniaturist placed the scroll bearing the printer’s name and the scroll identifying the text as belonging to Book 1 at the centre of the frame which left only the beginning and the end of the frame to be decorated. The scroll with the printer’s name is emphasized by a golden burdock flower at the top of the frame and a golden teasel flower (Lat. Dipsacus fullonum) at the bottom. The lower margin features two symmetrical angels, rendered in a somewhat imprecise drawing, who kneel on the ground painted in the shades of green and brown. The physiognomy of the angels is similar to that of St Augustine. Their round heads have small eyes and noses, shaded circles under the eyes and arched eyebrows. The mouths are depicted as thin lines with pronounced ends and are further accentuated by a dot beneath the lower lip. The plasticity of their faces was achieved through the tonal gradation of pink and white. The angels’ hair, ochre in colour and highlighted with gold dust, is thick and short and covers the tops of their heads like a helmet. The outspread wings were painted in dark and light shades of blue. Two wide red scrolls with white highlights emerge symmetrically from behind the angels at their waist height. Wavy tendrils and gold stylized teasel flowers extend from the red scroll. The angels hold a laurel wreath between them. The colour of the circular field inside the wreath is cyclamen purple. The wreath is formed by three rows of leaves which are bound by four regularly spaced ties. The leaves’ edges and tips were painted in light and dark shades of green. Inside the wreath is a Renaissance crest surrounded by thin white wiggly tendrils with sprouting leaves. The shield, in the shape of a horse’s head, is divided horizontally into the dark blue upper half and the red lower half. It features a gold lion with his mouth wide open who is facing right and holding a tree with his front paws. The tree’s pyramidal top is decorated with small dots indicating leaves and fruit. The shield’s right half is outlined in white and the left one in black. The second text column on the first page of Book 1 is decorated with the painted initial letter G. It consists of phytomorphic motifs in blue, red, yellow and cyclamen purple and their shades. Two small leaves are attached to the initial on its left-hand side. As is the case with the crest, the initial was additionally decorated with elegant white tendrils sprouting leaves and highlighted with gold dust. The background is also gold while the rectangular field around the initial is outlined in a thin black line. Two wavy tendrils and two gold stylized teasel flowers emerge from the corners of the frame on the left-hand side while a green leaf appears at the centre. Apart from these illuminations and initials on fol. 17, the incunable contains other initials, one for the beginning of each of the remaining twenty one book, and all of them consist of blue, green and cyclamen pink phytomorphic motifs painted against a gold background inside a black rectangular frame. The plasticity of these initials was achieved through tonal gradation and the use of yellow while thin white undulating tendrils with variations in width and highlights in gold dust enriched the decoration. Some sentences in the text were emphasized by numerous initials in red or blue of the littera notabilior type the height of which corresponds to two lines of the text. The illuminations of this incunable edition of the De Civitate Dei belong to north Italian or Venetian Renaissance painting and they demonstrate numerous significant similarities with the works of the well-known Venetian miniaturist whom the scholarly literature identified as Maestro del Plinio di Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (Maestro del Plinio di Pico or, more commonly, Maestro di Pico). The attribution of the illuminations in this incunable to Maestro di Pico, who may have been helped by his workshop and assistants especially during the painting of the decorative frame and initials, is based on the figure of St Augustine and the angels who support the crest. Their features display the same typology which characterizes the works of Maestro di Pico. Identical angels appear in the bottom margin of Brunetto Latini’s Il Tesoro (Gerardus de Lisa, Treviso, 1474; Cambridge, Mass., Harvard, Houghton Library, Inc. 6459, c. 7). The figure of St Augustine shows pronounced similarities with the figure of a Dominican monk, set inside the initial O of the littera historiata type, in Nicolaus de Auximo’s Supplementum (Franciscus Renner et Nicolaus de Frankofordia, Venice, 1474; Biblioteca Marciana, Inc. Ven. 494, c.2). Identical angels and putti can be found in the bottom margins of Strabo’s Geographica (Minneapolis, Univ. of Minnesotta Library, Ms. 1460/f St., c.1), and in two copies of Pliny’s Historia Naturalis (Venice, N. Jenson, 1472, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, Vèlins 498 and Venice, N. Jenson, 1472, San Marino, CA, Huntington Library, n. 2289). A beautiful comparative example is the Biblia Latina (Franciscus Renner & Nicolaus de Frankfordia, 1475, Dallas, Texas, Southern Methodist University, Bridwell Library) and its first page which has a similar composition to that in the incunable from Kraj. The figure of St Jerome, depicted inside a littera historiata provides a plethora of specific Morellian details which are essential for the attribution of the illuminations in the incunable from Kraj to Maestro di Pico. Striking similarities in the depictions of saints, phytomorphic initials and decorative frames can also be found in two psalters (one in Venice, Biblioteca Querini Stampaglia, Inc. 6, the other in Siena, Biblioteca S. Bernardino del Convento dell’Osservanza) and in the first page of the Psalms in a breviary from Paris (Bibliothèque Ste-Geneviève, OE XV 147 Rés). Similar saints and angels all of which belong to the same figural typology were used to decorate three copies from the Commissioni series made for Doge Agostino Barbarigo (Commissione del doge Agostino Barbarigo a Girolamo Capello, 1487, Venice, Bib. Del Museo Correr, MS Cl. III. 33 (fig. 15); Commissione del doge Agostino Barbarigo a Paolo di Canale, 1489, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, Lat. 4729, c.2, and Commissione del doge Agostino Barbarigo a Tommaso Loredano, 1490, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, Lat. 4730, c.1). Further parallels can be found in the illuminations of a breviary from Augsburg (c. 1480, Universitätsbibl., Cod. I.2.2o 35) the first page of which has a lettera istoriata with the figure of St Paul whose physiognomy closely resembles that of St Augustine in the incunabule from Kraj, while the bottom margin features centrally placed angels which are identical to those at Kraj. Equally important comparative material is found in three Paduan incunables (Biblioteca del Seminario Vescovile) which contain illuminations attributed to Maestro di Pico. The distinctive features of the angels, putti and saints as well as the type of decoration used in the margins of these incunables also demonstrate striking similarities with the illuminations from Kraj. Other examples include Lattanzi’s Opera (Giovanni da Colonia and Johannes Manthen, Venice, 1478; Forc. M. 3.2), Jacopo da Varagine’s Legenda aurea (Gabriele di Pietro, Venice, 1477, with a likely contribution of his workshop; Forc. M. 2.22) and Cipriano’s Opera (Vindelino da Spira, Venice, 1471; Forc. K. 2.12). On the basis of the comparative analyses outlined above and the similarities which have been noted, it can be concluded that the illuminations in the incunable of St Augustine’s De Civitate Dei (Nicolas Jenson, Venice, 1475), housed in the Monastery of St Domnius at Kraj, were painted by the well-known Venetian Renaissance miniaturist Maestro di Pico. Regardless of the possible input of his workshop and assistants during the painting process of the decorative frame and initials, these illuminations help expand the catalogue of Maestro di Pico’s works and represent valuable contribution to the painting in Renaissance Dalmatia.

IntroductionThis paper describes the creation and preliminary results of a patient-driven registry for the collection of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and patient-reported experiences (PREs) in Behçet’s disease (BD).MethodsThe project was coordinated by the University of Siena and the Italian patient advocacy organization SIMBA (Associazione Italiana Sindrome e Malattia di Behçet), in the context of the AIDA (AutoInflammatory Diseases Alliance) Network programme. Quality of life, fatigue, socioeconomic impact of the disease and therapeutic adherence were selected as core domains to include in the registry.ResultsRespondents were reached via SIMBA communication channels in 167 cases (83.5%) and the AIDA Network affiliated clinical centers in 33 cases (16.5%). The median value of the Behçet’s Disease Quality of Life (BDQoL) score was 14 (IQR 11, range 0–30), indicating a medium quality of life, and the median Global Fatigue Index (GFI) was 38.7 (IQR 10.9, range 1–50), expressing a significant level of fatigue. The mean Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) necessity-concern differential was 0.9 ± 1.1 (range – 1.8–4), showing that the registry participants prioritized necessity belief over concerns to a limited extent. As for the socioeconomic impact of BD, in 104 out of 187 cases (55.6%), patients had to pay from their own pocket for medical exams required to reach the diagnosis. The low family socioeconomic status (p &lt; 0.001), the presence of any major organ involvement (p &lt; 0.031), the presence of gastro-intestinal (p &lt; 0.001), neurological (p = 0.012) and musculoskeletal (p = 0.022) symptoms, recurrent fever (p = 0.002), and headache (p &lt; 0.001) were associated to a higher number of accesses to the healthcare system. Multiple linear regression showed that the BDQoL score could significantly predict the global socioeconomic impact of BD (F = 14.519, OR 1.162 [CI 0.557–1.766], p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionPreliminary results from the AIDA for Patients BD registry were consistent with data available in the literature, confirming that PROs and PREs could be easily provided by the patient remotely to integrate physician-driven registries with complementary and reliable information.