Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'University management level'

With rapid development of science and technology, introduction of the ICT different methodologies into the learning environment today becomes one of the most important factors. Application of IT tools in classroom learning in and methodology for teaching and learning processes creates number of issues, which could be solved with the help of online Learning Management System (LMS). This paper presents experiment results using of Moodle, at the course of Linear algebra and analytic geometry (LAAG) in the first semester of 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 study year. The paper presents quantitative and qualitative rationale interdependence analysis and experiment conclusion based on midterm and final exam results of the freshman students of the National University of Mongolia.

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Toledo, 2007.<br>Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for The Doctor of Philosophy in Curriculum and Instruction." Bibliography: leaves 118-135.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Mississippi, 2008.<br>Typescript. Vita. "May 2008." Major professor: Dr. Esim Erdim Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-110). Also available online via ProQuest to authorized users.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the physical activity levels and the time management practices of selected university students, and to identify the differences between physical activity levels and time management practices in terms of gender. The subjects of this study were 128 male (55,9%) and 101 female (44,1%) university students from six universities in istanbul, Turkey which were selected on a volunteer basis. The Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire (PAAQ) and the Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ) were used to gather data. The data were analyzed by employing a Statistical Package for Social Statistics. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The level .05 of significance was selected. There was significant correlation between total hours spend in a week and time planning, and negative correlation between time wasters. There was significant correlation between total MET spend in an hour and time attitudes, between total MET intensities and time attitudes. According to Chi-squared analysis gender difference is dependent of the PA levels in terms of &ldquo<br>sport MET&rdquo<br>and &ldquo<br>total MET&rdquo<br>intensities. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated a significant main effect. Subsequent unvaried analysis indicated differences in Time Management in terms of gender.

A greater emphasis is being placed on hardwood management, yet there has been relatively little effort to develop growth and yield information for hardwood forest types. Measurements on permanent growth and yield plots collected in 1981, 1988, 1994, and 2006 in minor stream bottoms in Mississippi and Alabama were used to construct a stand level growth and yield model for red oak/sweetgum stands. The model predicts arithmetic mean diameter, quadratic mean diameter, trees per acre, basal area, total tree height, and cubic foot volume per acre for the total stand and by species. Different sets of equations were constructed depending on the amount of information known about a hardwood stand. Models were chosen based on significance of variables, coefficient of determination, index of fit, and biological trends. Predicted stand development patterns are discussed. These models will be base models for a complete diameter distribution growth and yield model.

This research investigated the main sources of occupational stress that tertiary English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers experience in the United Arab Emirates. A secondary focus was to identify the coping strategies used by EFL teachers who exhibit low levels of stress, and what types of support were needed by EFL teachers who exhibited moderate to high levels of stress. While theories abound in the literature on the reasons for stress and its consequences for teachers, little is known about the role of coping strategies and their specific usefulness in eradicating stress. Given the nature of the research questions, an interpretivist mixed methods approach was deemed appropriate. Data collection methods included a pre-tested online survey followed by 26 semi-structured interviews and a Likert-style questionnaire which were used to gain an in-depth understanding of the quantitative aspects of stress levels. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were used to examine the coping strategies of 113 self-identified EFL teachers with low stress levels. They were analysed through theme analysis and triangulated with other data to increase the robustness of the results. The sources of teacher stress derived from the analysis are ranked according to the 20 cited as most significant by the participants. They are discussed in detail under the headings of stressors related to classroom teaching, administration leadership style, professional issues and their own assessment as teachers. The strategies teachers use to cope with these stresses are varied and range from activities to attitudes. Key recommendations for the teaching faculty centre on general health and well-being, and overall workplace focus. Clearly, EFL teachers suffering from workplace stress must take care of themselves physically, psychologically and emotionally. Yet teachers in the UAE also expressed a desire for administrators who practice more democratic leadership styles, and acknowledged that the attitudes of their students toward learning English had a considerable impact on their own practices. Further inquiry is recommended into a more complete examination of teacher stressors and their relationship to cultural factors, specifically two of the cultural dimensions found in the UAE (power distance and uncertainty avoidance), which were found to be particularly relevant to stressors in the category of leadership style and practices.

The thesis deals with information technologies on different levels of management. The first chapter analyzes a strategy level and a function of strategic documents in the IT management analyzed. The second half of the theoretical part deals with IT governance, its connection to the strategic management, and its chosen tools - decision-rights structure, service-level agreements, and accounting (focused on chargeback). The practical part of the thesis deals with IT management at the University of Economics in Prague. It analyzes and evaluates strategic documents from the IT management point of view. The second half of the practical part evaluates possibility of implementing the chosen tools of IT governance in the university's IT management.

In New Zealand, the highest incidence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) is found in meat processing, accounting for over half the injury compensation costs for the sector. This thesis reports on a two-year study of MSD in the New Zealand meat processing industry, with the aims of identifying MSD risk factors and interventions using an industry-level participative ergonomics approach. A review of the literature on occupational musculoskeletal disorders and participatory ergonomics identified gaps in knowledge, notably contextual factors for MSD and a limited scope for participatory ergonomics. The studies described in this thesis contribute to addressing these knowledge gaps. The first stage of the study established a profile of MSD injury data in the industry. Data were collected from four injury data sources for meat processing. A number of priority tasks were identified for beef and sheep processing, based on triangulation of these data, and findings were approved by the industry stakeholders, the Meat Industry Health and Safety Forum (MIHSF). The second stage of the study was the assessment of these tasks in a representative sample of processing plants, with the purpose of identifying risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of MSD, implementation barriers and MSD interventions. The study involved interviews with 237 workers, management, union and safety personnel in 28 meat processing sites. MSD risk factor data were separated into those concerning the high MSD-risk tasks (task-specific), and the wider work system (task-independent). From these data a list of contextual factors was developed which it is proposed may create conditions under which greater exposure to physical and psychosocial factors can occur in meat processing. Some 276 interventions were also identified. The third and final stage of the study involved working with the MIHSF in developing the interventions for use by the industry in reducing MSD risk. MSD intervention ideas were collated, summarised and prioritised. A document containing interventions, implementation barriers and risk factors was developed with the MIHSF and distributed to all levels of the industry. The thesis reflects on the effectiveness of an industry-level participative ergonomics approach to the achievement of the study aims, notably the identification of contextual risk factors and interventions for MSD.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Antioch University, 2008.<br>Title from PDF t.p. (viewed March 19, 2009). Advisor: Jon Wergin, Ph.D. "A dissertation submitted to the Ph.D. in Leadership and Change program of Antioch University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2008."--from the title page. Includes bibliographical references (p. 146-151).

Graduate employability skills have become one of the most important topics on the higher education agenda in the first decade of the 21st century. In the United States, and throughout the world, global competition, growth of a knowledge-based economy, technological advances, and the multigenerational workforce have combined to substantially alter the contemporary workplace (Gedye & Chalkey, 2006). Whether by choice or circumstance, the expectation of a secure lifelong position with one employer and the opportunity for linear career progression are no longer typical nor practical in the contemporary workplace (Harvey, Locke, & Morey, 2002). Employability skills are those skills, attributes, and behaviors, e.g., communication skills, problem-solving, organization, and planning, that bridge most disciplines, industries, and employing organizations. They have the greatest impact on the sustained, productive, successful employment of graduates (Cranmer, 2006; Gedye, Fender, & Chalkey, 2004). The purpose of this study was to (a) identify the employability skills employers perceive to be important for entry-level management/management-in-training positions in the hospitality industry, (b) to establish employability skills competency levels employers expect for these positions, and (c) to garner employer perceptions of Rosen College of Hospitality Management (RCHM) interns' and new graduates' employability skills competence for entry-level management/management-in-training positions in the hospitality industry. The findings add to the body of literature and provide insight into the need for further employability skills development of students prior to graduation and entrance into the workforce. Additionally, the study provides information and insight for faculty, career services, and experiential learning professionals regarding the skills students currently possess, the need for further skills development, and those skills employers deem most important.<br>ID: 030646188; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ed.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-179).<br>Ed.D.<br>Doctorate<br>Educational and Human Sciences<br>Education<br>Educational Leadership

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico<br>O presente trabalho abordou a temÃtica da qualidade do ensino universitÃrio brasileiro. Para tal, buscou identificar a associaÃÃo que hà entre a qualidade da gestÃo e da docÃncia em cursos de graduaÃÃo, com os resultados do Conceito Preliminar de Cursos (CPC). A avaliaÃÃo da qualidade dos cursos de graduaÃÃo foi tratada com o auxilio do modelo conhecido pelo anagrama CIPP â contexto, insumos (inputs), processos e produtos (outputs), o qual abrange os momentos de planejamento e estruturaÃÃo das decisÃes, implementaÃÃo e reciclagem das decisÃes. Para cada um desses momentos existe uma forma especÃfica para avaliaÃÃo: (1) - avaliaÃÃo do contexto; (2) â avaliaÃÃo dos insumos (input); (3) â avaliaÃÃo de processos e, finalmente, (4) â avaliaÃÃo do produto. A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma amostra de 35 cursos de graduaÃÃo da Universidade Federal do Cearà (UFC), que possuem CPC, de um universo de 112 cursos, divididos em Grupo Inferior ( CPC &#8804; 2 ), Grupo Mediano ( 2 < CPC &#8804; 3 ) e Grupo Superior ( CPC > 3 ). Foi enviado um e-mail-grupo para 16.383 alunos regularmente matriculados nos 35 cursos, obtendo-se 1.433 respondentes ao questionÃrio de avaliaÃÃo da qualidade da docÃncia e 1.178 respondentes ao questionÃrio de avaliaÃÃo de qualidade da gestÃo acadÃmica. Os resultados indicaram existir associaÃÃo positiva entre a qualidade do curso e as notas do CPC. Com relaÃÃo à gestÃo acadÃmica, foi verificado que do grupo inferior para o grupo mediano houve uma associaÃÃo positiva, entretanto do grupo mediano para o grupo superior, houve um decrÃscimo em termos de qualidade avaliada pelos discentes, demonstrando baixa qualidade da gestÃo acadÃmica nos cursos de excelÃncia. No caso da docÃncia, apurou-se que o planejamento pedagÃgico foi muito bem avaliado, ocorrendo o inverso na atuaÃÃo docente e em sala de aula. Como indicaÃÃo de trabalhos futuros temos: a) aprofundar investigaÃÃo acerca da execuÃÃo da atuaÃÃo docente em sala de aula e b) averiguar o motivo da baixa qualidade da gestÃo nos cursos de excelÃncia.<br>This study addressed the issue of the teachinig quality of university level. To this end, we sought to identify the association that exists between the quality of management and teaching in undergraduate courses, with the results of the Concept Preliminary of Course (CPC). Assessing the quality of undergraduate courses was treated using the aid of the model known by the anagram CIPP - context, inputs, processes and products, which covers the phases of planning and decision structuring, implementation and decisions recycling. For each of these moments there is a specific way of assessing it: (1) â Context evaluation; (2) â Inputs evaluation (input); (3) - Process evaluation and, finally, (4) â Product evaluation. This research was conducted on a sample of 35 undergraduate courses of the Federal University of Cearà (UFC), who possesses CPC, of a universe of 112 courses, divided into Lower Group ( CPC &#8804; 2 ), Average Group (2 < CPC &#8804; 3), and Superior Group ( CPC > 3 ). It was sent an email for 16,383 students regularly enrolled in the 35 courses sampled, yielding 1,433 respondents to the questionnaire for evaluating the teaching quality, and 1,178 respondents to the evaluation of academic management quality questionnaire. The results indicated that there is a positive association between the course quality and the CPC scores. With relation to academic management, it was found that the lower to the middle group there was a positive association, however from the median to the upper group, it was identified a decrease in the quality evaluated by students, demonstrating low management quality in academic courses of excellence. In the case of teaching, it was found that pedagogical planning was highly rated, while the opposite occurred in the classroom teaching practice. As an indication to future work are listed: a) further research on the implementation of classroom teaching practice, and b) investigate the reason for the identified low quality for the management in courses of excellence.

LAVOR, João Ferreira de. Qualidade da gestão acadêmica e da docência em cursos de graduação: validando relações com o conceito preliminar de cursos (CPC). 2014. 182f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2014.<br>Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-06T11:57:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_tese_jflavor.pdf: 1341216 bytes, checksum: 964f7d3eef694081ba47e4da68353690 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-06T13:48:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_tese_jflavor.pdf: 1341216 bytes, checksum: 964f7d3eef694081ba47e4da68353690 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-06T13:48:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_tese_jflavor.pdf: 1341216 bytes, checksum: 964f7d3eef694081ba47e4da68353690 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014<br>This study addressed the issue of the teachinig quality of university level. To this end, we sought to identify the association that exists between the quality of management and teaching in undergraduate courses, with the results of the Concept Preliminary of Course (CPC). Assessing the quality of undergraduate courses was treated using the aid of the model known by the anagram CIPP - context, inputs, processes and products, which covers the phases of planning and decision structuring, implementation and decisions recycling. For each of these moments there is a specific way of assessing it: (1) – Context evaluation; (2) – Inputs evaluation (input); (3) - Process evaluation and, finally, (4) – Product evaluation. This research was conducted on a sample of 35 undergraduate courses of the Federal University of Ceará (UFC), who possesses CPC, of a universe of 112 courses, divided into Lower Group ( CPC ≤ 2 ), Average Group (2 < CPC ≤ 3), and Superior Group ( CPC > 3 ). It was sent an email for 16,383 students regularly enrolled in the 35 courses sampled, yielding 1,433 respondents to the questionnaire for evaluating the teaching quality, and 1,178 respondents to the evaluation of academic management quality questionnaire. The results indicated that there is a positive association between the course quality and the CPC scores. With relation to academic management, it was found that the lower to the middle group there was a positive association, however from the median to the upper group, it was identified a decrease in the quality evaluated by students, demonstrating low management quality in academic courses of excellence. In the case of teaching, it was found that pedagogical planning was highly rated, while the opposite occurred in the classroom teaching practice. As an indication to future work are listed: a) further research on the implementation of classroom teaching practice, and b) investigate the reason for the identified low quality for the management in courses of excellence.<br>O presente trabalho abordou a temática da qualidade do ensino universitário brasileiro. Para tal, buscou identificar a associação que há entre a qualidade da gestão e da docência em cursos de graduação, com os resultados do Conceito Preliminar de Cursos (CPC). A avaliação da qualidade dos cursos de graduação foi tratada com o auxilio do modelo conhecido pelo anagrama CIPP – contexto, insumos (inputs), processos e produtos (outputs), o qual abrange os momentos de planejamento e estruturação das decisões, implementação e reciclagem das decisões. Para cada um desses momentos existe uma forma específica para avaliação: (1) - avaliação do contexto; (2) – avaliação dos insumos (input); (3) – avaliação de processos e, finalmente, (4) – avaliação do produto. A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma amostra de 35 cursos de graduação da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), que possuem CPC, de um universo de 112 cursos, divididos em Grupo Inferior ( CPC ≤ 2 ), Grupo Mediano ( 2 < CPC ≤ 3 ) e Grupo Superior ( CPC > 3 ). Foi enviado um e-mail-grupo para 16.383 alunos regularmente matriculados nos 35 cursos, obtendo-se 1.433 respondentes ao questionário de avaliação da qualidade da docência e 1.178 respondentes ao questionário de avaliação de qualidade da gestão acadêmica. Os resultados indicaram existir associação positiva entre a qualidade do curso e as notas do CPC. Com relação à gestão acadêmica, foi verificado que do grupo inferior para o grupo mediano houve uma associação positiva, entretanto do grupo mediano para o grupo superior, houve um decréscimo em termos de qualidade avaliada pelos discentes, demonstrando baixa qualidade da gestão acadêmica nos cursos de excelência. No caso da docência, apurou-se que o planejamento pedagógico foi muito bem avaliado, ocorrendo o inverso na atuação docente e em sala de aula. Como indicação de trabalhos futuros temos: a) aprofundar investigação acerca da execução da atuação docente em sala de aula e b) averiguar o motivo da baixa qualidade da gestão nos cursos de excelência.

Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2019<br>Background: Retail in South Africa is a growing industry, but new demands and the influx of foreign competition require retail business managers to be more creative in solving modern-day complex retail problems. An embedded outcome of the registered National Diploma: Retail Business Management qualification offered by the Cape Peninsula University of Technology is that students should be able to identify business problems and creatively make sound business decisions to solve these problems. However, because creativity is such a diverse topic, it seems that educational institutions and educators do not commit themselves to and evade the development of creativity. Consequently, this leads to graduates being ill-prepared in creatively solving the complex and often unique business problems they encounter in the Wholesale and Retail sector. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the creativity profile of Retail Business Management students and evaluate the progress of their creativity levels from their first- to third year. This approach evaluated if the embedded outcome of creativity was met for the National Diploma: Retail Business Management qualification. Methodology: Empirical research was conducted by collecting a combination of quantitative and qualitative data to determine the creativity levels of Retail Business Management students. A questionnaire consisting of both qualitative- and quantitative questions was used to evaluate the creativity levels of 159 full-time students and 16 students from the retail industry studying through the university’s Retail Academy. Quantitative data were analysed using both descriptive- and inferential statistics. Findings: Based on the analysed data, it was found that creativity is one of the key attributes, if not the most important, to ensure continued business success in the South African retail industry. The results indicate that participants were creative, but not at the required levels. It was further established that there was no growth in the creativity levels of the participants from their first- to third year of studies, thus indicating that the required outcome of creativity, as stipulated in the qualification criteria, was not achieved. Recommendations: It is recommended that further research should be conducted in an attempt to propose a suitable creativity instrument for developing the creativity of Retail Business Management students as this would ensure that graduates are confident and able to use their creativity to address the unique challenges that the South African retail industry face.

With the increase of social media usage and its relevance for the millennial generation, social media influencers rise as credible sources who influence their followers purchase behaviors. Micro-influencers have up to 400,00 followers and fashion brands are constantly collaborating with them to generate brand awareness. The purpose of this study is to analyze how micro-influencers impact engagement levels on fashion retail brands’ accounts on Instagram and what common visual patterns the posts with higher levels of engagement present. A sample of 817 posts from three different brands were analyzed to provide insight in what kind of posts generates higher engagement levels: motivational posts, product posts, model/catalog, micro-influencer, influencer, or none of the above. A content analysis was conducted and after all the posts were coded, the top 100 with the highest engagement levels were submitted to a frame analysis so common patterns and themes could be recognized among the top engagement posts.

Thesis (M. Tech.) -- Central University of Technology, Free State, 2006<br>In today’s dynamic and uncertain business environment, employees are required to work together to achieve a common goal. An organisation cannot survive without a highly motivated and progressive workforce. Management need to be highly innovative and adaptive, to survive the intensity of competition and change. This study is based on the conviction that enhancing and sustaining employee motivation is a manager’s major function. In effect, management need to create and maintain a culture that fosters motivation, and determine whether employees are culturally adaptable, when two established cultures merge as one. Against this background, the focus fell on attaining optimum performance and a culture that evokes a spirit of co-operation and is conducive to motivating employees to work willingly and effectively. The Amalgamated Beverage Industry was selected for the purpose of this study. The perceptions and opinions of management and that of the lower level employees were examined to determine the impact on the work motivational levels and organiastional culture within Country Region employees. A probable influence was also given on the possible factors contributing to the maintained level of organisational culture and the high motivational levels within ABI. Attention was also focused on culture change and its possible impact on employees.

Advances in medical technology have altered the need for certain types of surgery to be performed in traditional inpatient hospital settings. Less invasive surgical procedures allow a growing number of medical treatments to take place on an outpatient basis. Hospitals face growing competition from ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs). The competitive threats posed by ASCs are important, given that inpatient surgery has been the cornerstone of hospital services for over a century. Additional research is needed to understand how surgical volume shifts between and within acute care general hospitals (ACGHs) and ASCs. This study investigates how medical technology within the hospital industry is changing medical services delivery. The main purposes of this study are to (1) test Clayton M. Christensen’s theory of disruptive innovation in health care, and (2) examine the effects of disruptive innovation on appendectomy, cholecystectomy, and bariatric surgery (ACBS) utilization. Disruptive innovation theory contends that advanced technology combined with innovative business models—located outside of traditional product markets or delivery systems—will produce simplified, quality products and services at lower costs with broader accessibility. Consequently, new markets will emerge, and conventional industry leaders will experience a loss of market share to “non-traditional” new entrants into the marketplace. The underlying assumption of this work is that ASCs (innovative business models) have adopted laparoscopy (innovative technology) and their unification has initiated disruptive innovation within the hospital industry. The disruptive effects have spawned shifts in surgical volumes from open to laparoscopic procedures, from inpatient to ambulatory settings, and from hospitals to ASCs. The research hypothesizes that: (1) there will be larger increases in the percentage of laparoscopic ACBS performed than open ACBS procedures; (2) ambulatory ACBS will experience larger percent increases than inpatient ACBS procedures; and (3) ASCs will experience larger percent increases than ACGHs. The study tracks the utilization of open, laparoscopic, inpatient and ambulatory ACBS. The research questions that guide the inquiry are: 1. How has ACBS utilization changed over this time? 2. Do ACGHs and ASCs differ in the utilization of ACBS? 3. How do states differ in the utilization of ACBS? 4. Do study findings support disruptive innovation theory in the hospital industry? The quantitative study employs a panel design using hospital discharge data from 2004 and 2009. The unit of analysis is the facility. The sampling frame is comprised of ACGHs and ASCs in Florida and Wisconsin. The study employs exploratory and confirmatory data analysis. This work finds that disruptive innovation theory is an effective model for assessing the hospital industry. The model provides a useful framework for analyzing the interplay between ACGHs and ASCs. While study findings did not support the stated hypotheses, the impact of government interventions into the competitive marketplace supports the claims of disruptive innovation theory. Regulations that intervened in the hospital industry facilitated interactions between ASCs and ACGHs, reducing the number of ASCs performing ACBS and altering the trajectory of ACBS volume by shifting surgeries from ASCs to ACGHs.

The study explored the links between 31 sources of stress, as per the Student Stress Scale, and gender, level of study, race and social class, as well as the relationship between stress and health. Two-hundred–and-five (205) undergraduate and post-graduate students from the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg campus, participated in the study. The results showed that there were five significant differences in sources of stress between male and female students, six significant differences between undergraduate and post-graduate students, nine significant differences between black students and students of other races and three significant differences between students of different socio-economic statuses. Furthermore, there were no significant relationships found between stress and overall health and anxiety; however, significant relationships were found between stress and depression, bodily pain and flu/cold.<br>Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2013.

碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>人類發展與家庭研究所<br>92<br>The purpose of this research were to (1) construct the factors of the cognition, skill and affection aspects of professional competences of food and beverage/hospitality management department students at college and university level； (2) analyze the required level and self-assess level of professional competency from students’ perception; (3) identify the needs of food and beverage management professional competences; (4) analyze the differences between the required level of professional competency from students’ perception with sexes, educational systems, departments, the students’ desire to enter a department, and practice experiences; (5) analyze the differences between the self-assess level of professional competency from students’ perception with sexes, educational systems, departments, the students’ desire to enter a department, and practice experiences. (6) explore the relationships between the required level and self-assess level of professional competency from students’ perception. The methods of questionnaire survey and census for food and beverage/hospitality management department students at college and university level in Taiwan were adopted. The data were analyzed by statistical analysis of descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. The major findings of this study were as follows: Five factors of the cognition aspects of professional competences were: “planning & management”, “food and beverage design, product & service”, “environmental protection & safety”, “organization & operation”, and “relational knowledge”. The seven factors of the skill aspects of professional competences were: “efficiency management”, “transaction & personnel management”, “control competence”, “emergency management”, “executive competence”, “interpersonal communication”, and “international service”. The three factors of the affection aspects of professional competences were: “job commitment”, “self-sentiment”, and “macro-view”. All the factors of professional competences were assessed as required items, however the students were not well-prepared. The self-assess level of all factors were “ordinary degree”. The needs of professional competences were shown as “Relativity Need Coordinates Grid” (RNCG). The significant differences between the required level of professional competency with sexes, educational systems, practice experiences, and work experiences. The significant differences between the self-assess level of professional competency with different sexes, educational systems, departments, the students’ desire to enter a department, practice experiences, and work experiences. Besides, there was the positive correlation between the required level and self-assess level of professional competency. The conclusions can provide the reference resources for personnel training of food and beverage, and the design of food and beverage curriculum.

Using field study data collected from 175 line employees and 114 supervisors, from three manufacturing plants in Mexico this study tested hypothesized indirect relations between supervisors' and subordinates' performance at the individual and group levels of analysis. Specifically, declarative knowledge, procedural knowledge and skills, and motivation were examined as mediators of the relationship between two behavioral performance factors within Campbell's (1990) performance taxonomy, Supervision and Facilitating Peer and Team Performance. The results provided partial support for hypotheses involving the mediating role of procedural knowledge and skills and motivation. In addition, correlations between alternate source performance ratings indicated that peers ratings, self-ratings, and supervisory ratings are dissimilar. The implications of these findings for studying and managing performance in organizations are discussed<br>acase@tulane.edu

The land-grant university system was founded in the 19th century as a public means to help improve people’s everyday lives. A century and a half later, the challenges that the public faces to live a quality life are constantly changing, creating a need for the land-grant system to respond and adapt to continue to fulfill its mission. While the literature contains a wealth of conceptual papers addressing the role and mission of land-grant universities, relatively few papers could be found that reported empirical data or proposed and tested metrics for public engagement constructs. The current study sought to address this void in the literature through the investigation of factors influencing Indiana residents’ level of interest in engaging with Purdue University. Mail survey methods were used in which up to three contacts were made with adult members of 4,500 Indiana households identified through address-based sampling. Stratified random sampling was employed to ensure adequate rural household participation for other project purposes. Usable responses were received from 1,003 households representing 87 Indiana counties for a total response rate of 26%. <br><div><br> </div><div> A theoretical perspective was developed from Public Sphere Theory and the social science writings of Jurgen Habermas and Alexis de Tocqueville. Descriptive findings revealed some to moderate concerns about community and social issues such as affordable health care, violent crime, pollution and prescription drug abuse. Moderate levels of anomie, or perceived social disconnectedness, were also reported by respondents. Several items tapped respondents’ past levels of interaction with and current perceptions of Purdue University. Nearly a fifth of respondents reported interacting with Purdue University by having visited a website for news or information, followed by interacting with a Purdue University Extension professional. Regarding perceptions of Purdue University, the results of this study revealed relative consensus among respondents that Purdue University makes a positive contribution to the state of Indiana through its educational, research and outreach programs. For a majority of the perceptual items regarding Purdue University, more than one-third of the respondents neither agreed nor disagreed with the statement, suggesting some areas in which the university might improve its reputational standing with Indiana residents in the future. Nearly one-quarter to about half of the respondents indicated interest in topical areas addressed by Purdue Extension programs as well as an interest in engaging with the university. Respondents reported the highest levels of interest in free Extension programs in their local area, followed by the topics of science and technology, health and well-being, and gardening.</div><div><br> </div><div> A predictive model of respondent interest in engaging with Purdue University was developed and tested using binary logistic regression procedures. The model was shown to be of modest utility in accounting for variance in respondent interest in engaging with Purdue University, explaining 12% to 16% of total variance. Past interaction with Purdue University, perceived level of concern for social and community issues, and highest level of education were the strongest predictors in the model.</div><div><br> </div><div> The current research was completed in 2019 as Purdue University celebrated its 150th anniversary. Results and implications of this study provide important insight into current engagement levels, concerns and perceptions of residents within the state of Indiana, whom the university is mandated to serve. One of the study’s primary contributions is the establishment of baseline engagement data on current levels of Indiana residents’ interest in engaging with Purdue University on selected topics. Findings from this study could be of benefit to university administrators, faculty, staff and Extension professionals in assessing and improving future programming and setting strategic priorities. This study also adds to the conceptual and empirical body of literature, which may help inform future public engagement efforts at other land-grant universities. Periodic social science and public opinion research is needed to keep pace with the changing needs and perceptions of Indiana residents. Different data collection modes should be utilized to reach more audience segments and add to the growing knowledge base of public engagement.</div>

While the change literature is currently dominated by the punctuated equilibrium paradigm, anomalies have appeared to the paradigm in the form of high velocity change and hypercompetition. D'Aveni (1999) reconciles these anomalies with the punctuated equilibrium paradigm by suggesting that the frequency of change experienced affects the change experienced. This research considered whether the presence of increasing returns in an industry is correlated with the frequency of change experienced by the industry and the types of change that appear, thus providing an explanation for the differing forms of change. A second observation in the literature is that an industry experiences a period of instability after a discontinuity. This research considered whether the temporal proximity or type of a preceding discontinuity influenced the likelihood or type of later discontinuities. A longitudinal study identified discontinuities in nine industries throughout the industries' histories. The industries were categorised as: increasing returns, derived from external network effects (Airlines, Data Communications, Electricity and Shipping Lines), complementarity (Information Storage) or information content (Software), respectively; or as constant returns (Aircraft Manufacturing, Telecommunications Manufacturing and Shipbuilding). A comparison of discontinuities has been made between pairs of industries with a common end-user of the industry outputs, where one industry exhibits increasing returns and the companion industry has constant returns, using Binomial Distribution, Fisher's Exact Test and Generalised Linear Modelling techniques. Further Generalised Linear Models tested the interactions of discontinuities. Industries with increasing returns were found to have greater frequency of change. The types of change experienced were found to affect subsequent change, with both types of discontinuities being correlated with increased proportions of competency-enhancing change for ten years, while competency-destroying and competency-enhancing discontinuities were associated with increased frequency of change for twenty and ten years, respectively. The evidence associating increasing returns with competency type was unreliable. Consequently, increasing returns industries may experience a greater variation of frequency of change, with industries entering and leaving periods of enhanced frequencies of change. Thus, industries with increasing returns are more likely to experience change consistent with hypercompetition and high velocity conditions, compared with the punctuated equilibrium style change experienced by constant returns industries.

The primary aim of this research is to understand how the multiple levels within networks influence the organising dynamics in an intentionally formed network through the measurement of tie strength. This is a significant contribution because previous research is based on network studies in which only one level is considered, most of the research is conceptually undeveloped in the area. The research also addresses the measurement of the strength of relationships rather than just their existence or non-existence. Furthermore, this study examines intentionally created networks – an area where there is currently very little research. Thus the study is significant because the new data contributes to the marketing research environment and can be presented to examine findings in other research contexts, including the social policy and not-for-profit sectors. To address the aim and context of the study it was necessary to understand a national programme which had global objectives. The research involved a multi-method approach that utilised a single case-study strategy with multiple embedded cases consisting of three interdependent, intentionally formed networks, each with a central broker, in the elite and high-performance sport sector in New Zealand. The overall contributions of the research were: (1) The identification of a new network type, termed here as a structured network. (2) The finding that networks that are intentionally created and managed can be durable and effective, and this is dependent on the role of the central broker. This finding has obvious implications for practitioners involved in such networks and for governments that are interested in creating them. (3) The finding that cross-level pressures influence network effectiveness. (4) The finding that relationships developed at the pre-network formation stage contribute to network effectiveness. (5) And finally, the identification of a new stage of intentional network formation. This stage was taken by the New Zealand government issuing a tender in order to gauge the level of interest and the resources available to provide a network of services before establishing it.

博士<br>國立中正大學<br>教育學研究所<br>103<br>This study aimed to analysis status and relationships among organizational management, deans’ leaership roles, and organizational efectiveness at university’s college level. Survey research was conducted and “Oganizational Mnagement, Dans’ Leadership Rles, and Oganizational Eectiveness at Uiversity’s College Lvel Questionnaire”was used as the study tool. The subjects were teachers at university’s level in Taiwan. Totally 302 samples were collected. The questionnaires response rate and availability was 12.58%. The data was analysis by dscriptive statistic, CHAID, ANOVA(dependent samples), t-test, Pearson’s poduct-mment Correlation, prtialcrrelation, regression, and SEM. The research conclusions were as follows: 1. The “collegiality”was the highest of university teachers’ perceptions of organizational management at college level, the “bureaucraacy”were the second, and the “corporate” were needed to be improved. Significant difference such as type of institution, college/faculty, location and gender were found on university teachers’ perception of organizational management. 2. The “broker” and “monitor” was the highest of university teachers’ perceptions of deans’ leadership roles. And the “director”, “innovator”, “facilitator”, and “coordinator” were needed to be improved. Significant difference such as type of institution, college/faculty, location, gender, how deans are appointed, size of university and age were found on university teachers’ perception of deans’ leadership roles. 3. The “teachers’ teaching” and “administrative arrangement” was the highest of university teachers’ perceptions of organizational effectiveness at college level. And the “organizational innovation”and the “sustainable development” were needed to be improved. Significant difference such as type of institution, college/faculty, how deans are appointed, size of university, position, and strategically funded by government were found on university teachers’ perception of organizational effectiveness. 5. There were significant relationships between thte collegiality/bureaucracy and deans’leadership roles/organizational effectiveness at collegelevel. On the other hand, there were less significant relationships between collegiality and others. 6. There were significant relationships between the facilitator and dimensions of administrative arrangement, research development, organizational innovation and sustainable development. 7. The deans’leadership roles were as mediator between organizational management and organizational efectiveness at university’s college level. Organizational management by effective deans’ leadership could promote organizational effectiveness. According to the above conclusions, some suggestions were offered to the education administration authority, univetsity managers, and the further studies.

Most negotiations possess integrative potential (Lax & Sebenius, 1986; Raiffa, 1982), Yet, most negotiators fail to fully exploit the integrative potential present in their negotiations and consequently settle for less satisfying agreements than those they could have had. This paper elaborates a model of integrative bargaining and evaluates the influence of negotiator confidence and negative affective states on integrative bargaining performance. This paper hypothesizes that, contrary to conventional wisdom, negotiator overconfidence can facilitate negotiator judgment accuracy and integrative performance. Analyses suggest that high levels of confidence lead to higher aspirations and greater information exchange. Information exchange appears to influence integrative bargaining performance directly as well as through its influence on judgment accuracy. This paper also hypothesizes that sadness will facilitate and anger inhibit judgment accuracy and integrative performance. Two different negative emotional state inductions were attempted. However both of them failed. Consequently, these hypotheses were unable to be tested<br>acase@tulane.edu

Individuals who are unable to achieve an undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA level (viral load) after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may be at an increased risk of accelerated virological rebound. The purpose of this study was to determine how the six month viral nadir in response to HAART is related to the future probability of virological rebound A non-concurrent cohort study of all HIV-infected, protease inhibitor and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor naive individuals initiating HAART at the HIV Outpatient Program clinic in New Orleans, LA between January 1997 and December 2000 was conducted. Patients were followed for six months in order to allow sufficient time to achieve their virological nadir. At six months, patients were classified as complete responders (undetectable viral load), incomplete responders (>400 copies/mL and &ge;0.5 log10 decrease in the viral load) or non-responders (<0.5log10 decrease in the viral load). All patients were then followed to virological rebound (&ge;0.5 log10 increase in the viral load) or study end. Multivariate logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to examine predictors of achieving an undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA level six months after the initiation of HAART and experiencing treatment failure after the viral nadir had been achieved Of the 1755 participants included in the analyses, 76% were male, 64% non-white, 39% had a baseline CD4 cell count &le;200 cell/mm3, 58% had a baseline viral load &le;10,000 copies/mL, and 29% had prior medication experience. In multivariate analyses, individuals with the greatest degree of immune suppression were at the greatest risk of virological rebound. The prognostic significance of an intermediate response to HAART was most apparent for individuals who began HAART with a baseline plasma HIV-1 RNA level greater than 30,000 copies/mL. These individuals were 2.22 (95% C.I. 1.25, 3.93) times more likely to virological rebound than individuals who began HAART with a baseline viral load <10,000 copies/mL. Patients with incomplete responses to HAART at six months remained at a significantly greater risk of virological rebound. Intensification strategies may be warranted in this population<br>acase@tulane.edu

The major focus and question emanating from the research is: to what extent do the operational action plans, policies, functions, procedures and activities as well as their implementation within the Directorate: Student Admissions and Registrations correlate with the strategic objectives of the University of South Africa (Unisa)? In alignment with the above, the major challenge of the study was to identify adequate and appropriate approaches to ensure appropriate correlation levels between strategic objectives and their successful implementation relevant to the Directorate: Student Admissions and Registrations. The challenge of every Departmental Head is to turn theory into practice; to make something happen and to translate strategic plans into real business results. This will be accomplished only when there is synergy or connectivity between strategic and operational planning towards effective implementation. Various literature reviews and research topics on strategic management focus either on strategic planning or strategic implementation as separate identities. Few publications address the challenge of connecting the pursuit of strategic objectives with operational plans. Even fewer literature reviews indicate the relationship or correlation levels between strategic objectives and operational plans of an organisation; the desirable or appropriate level thereof, to ensure the effective pursuit of strategic objectives. The outcomes of this study could contribute to the identification of an appropriate approach and measurement criteria to ensure connectivity/alignment between specific strategic objectives and operational plans relevant to the Directorate: Student Admissions and Registrations. By doing this, the strategic objectives are effectively and efficiently promoted to those responsible for carrying out the execution plan. The researcher has adopted a comprehensively-integrated-aligned-strategic-processmanagement- approach as part of the standardised operational plans of the Directorate: Student Admissions and Registrations so as to ensure more effective and efficient (appropriate) correlation levels in respect of specific strategic objectives relevant to the Directorate: Student Admissions and Registrations due to a lack of correlation in some instances. The above approach represents a total view of an organisation‟s strategic management and control systems and consists of the strategic planning, operational plans and resultsmanagement plans. The mentioned approach will also consist of a measurement criterion which identifies critical enablers, dependencies and drivers to ensure vertical and horizontal alignment in respect of original planning (the what and why) with the implementation plans (when, how and by whom).The integrated-aligned-strategic-management-process-approach enforces the timely availability of major enablers, dependencies and drivers necessary to support the execution of activities, related to specific strategic objectives. It also identifies the possible lack thereof prior to the implementation of strategic plans. Specific alternatives or workarounds can be identified to ensure continuity in respect of the implementation processes related to specific strategic objectives. In this way, the above approach will enhance the effective and efficient management and coordination of an organisation to drive intended strategic outcomes within a specific process, taking into account project management-driven principles within a specific sequence of activities (grouping together what belongs together). The latter will involve all roleplayers in the work situation accountable for the implementation process (creating ownership). By doing this, duplication and overlapping of activities will be eliminated and connectivity/alignment between specific strategic objectives and their implementation will be enforced. The focus falls on the entire key/core process and cycle, producing outcomes of success in respect of the implementation of objectives (the right people will be doing the right things at the right time).The integrated-aligned-strategic-management-process-approach enforces the timely availability of major enablers, dependencies and drivers necessary to support the execution of activities, related to specific strategic objectives. It also identifies the possible lack thereof prior to the implementation of strategic plans. Specific alternatives or workarounds can be identified to ensure continuity in respect of the implementation processes related to specific strategic objectives. In this way, the above approach will enhance the effective and efficient management and coordination of an organisation to drive intended strategic outcomes within a specific process, taking into account project management-driven principles within a specific sequence of activities (grouping together what belongs together). The latter will involve all roleplayers in the work situation accountable for the implementation process (creating ownership). By doing this, duplication and overlapping of activities will be eliminated and connectivity/alignment between specific strategic objectives and their implementation will be enforced. The focus falls on the entire key/core process and cycle, producing outcomes of success in respect of the implementation of objectives (the right people will be doing the right things at the right time). The integrated-aligned-strategic-management-process-approach enforces the timely availability of major enablers, dependencies and drivers necessary to support the execution of activities, related to specific strategic objectives. It also identifies the possible lack thereof prior to the implementation of strategic plans. Specific alternatives or workarounds can be identified to ensure continuity in respect of the implementation processes related to specific strategic objectives. In this way, the above approach will enhance the effective and efficient management and coordination of an organisation to drive intended strategic outcomes within a specific process, taking into account project management-driven principles within a specific sequence of activities (grouping together what belongs together). The latter will involve all roleplayers in the work situation accountable for the implementation process (creating ownership). By doing this, duplication and overlapping of activities will be eliminated and connectivity/alignment between specific strategic objectives and their implementation will be enforced. The focus falls on the entire key/core process and cycle, producing outcomes of success in respect of the implementation of objectives (the right people will be doing the right things at the right time). The integrated-aligned-strategic-management-process-approach enforces the timely availability of major enablers, dependencies and drivers necessary to support the execution of activities, related to specific strategic objectives. It also identifies the possible lack thereof prior to the implementation of strategic plans. Specific alternatives or workarounds can be identified to ensure continuity in respect of the implementation processes related to specific strategic objectives. In this way, the above approach will enhance the effective and efficient management and coordination of an organisation to drive intended strategic outcomes within a specific process, taking into account project management-driven principles within a specific sequence of activities (grouping together what belongs together). The latter will involve all roleplayers in the work situation accountable for the implementation process (creating ownership). By doing this, duplication and overlapping of activities will be eliminated and connectivity/alignment between specific strategic objectives and their implementation will be enforced. The focus falls on the entire key/core process and cycle, producing outcomes of success in respect of the implementation of objectives (the right people will be doing the right things at the right time).<br>Public Administration & Management<br>M.A. (Public Administration)