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Heredia, Ermita Hernandez. "Organic soil amendments: Enhancing vegetable production & soil health in Puerto Rico." Open Access Government 39, no. 1 (July 7, 2023): 482–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-039-10790.
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Organic soil amendments: Enhancing vegetable production & soil health in Puerto Rico Ermita Hernandez Heredia, Associate Professor from the University of Puerto Rico, details enhancing vegetable production and soil health in Puerto Rico in this organic soil amendments particular focus. Puerto Rico is an island with a population of over 3 million people, but it produces less than 15% of the food it consumes. The Puerto Rican food system is particularly vulnerable because of adverse climate change effects, such as the increase of extreme weather events and the dependence on importation. Agricultural economists and food security experts recommend priority in the production and accessibility of short terms crops such as vegetables. This should be aligned with sustainable farming practices to be accessible to future generations.
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Ojeda-Castro, Angel M., Philip Murray-Finley, and José Sánchez-Villafañe. "Learning Management System Use to Increase Mathematics Knowledge and Skills in Puerto Rico." International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 13, no. 2 (April 2017): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.2017040106.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the results of a mathematics comprehensive exam of two first-year university mathematics groups in Puerto Rico and measure the benefits and effectiveness of a learning management system (LMS) in math teaching and learning. The experimental group engaged in the use of a LMS and traditional teaching methods, while the control group was only engaged in traditional teaching methods. The population of the study was comprised of 579 first-year university students. The control groups included 287 participants, and the experimental group included 292 participants. The experimental group entered the university with significantly less mathematical knowledge (18% or less), and as such, had to learn more content (55% more). The learning outcomes of both courses expected students to acquire mathematical knowledge. The study revealed that the students who engaged in the use of the LMS in their teaching and learning methods, obtained significantly greater achievement of mathematical knowledge than the students who soley received traditional instruction.
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Viana, Nancy, and Agustín Rullán. "Reflections about school dropout in Finland and Puerto Rico." education policy analysis archives 18 (February 20, 2010): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v18n4.2010.
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This work presents reflections about some key factors that help to understand the reasons why in Finland school dropouts are practically nonexistent, while in Puerto Rico they are a significant problem. Several reasons that explain this situation were found. Finland has good student support services, teachers have more academic freedom, social inequalities exist in a smaller scale, schooling including university, and health services are free, and teacher training is more rigorous. Based on the findings of this study, we developed a model to understand school dropout as a complex social system. To develop this model we used a causal diagram, a tool from the theory of dynamic systems.
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Brinton, Amanda, Timothy G. Townsend, David C. Diehl, Katherine Deliz Quiñones, and Mark M. Lichtenstein. "Systems Thinking and Solid Waste Management in Puerto Rico: Feedback Loops over Time." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (March 6, 2023): 4648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054648.
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This article uses a systems-thinking framework to analyze Puerto Rico’s solid waste system. Our findings were based on 36 semi-structured interviews from stakeholders that work within the solid waste system. Interviewees represented businesses, advocacy organizations, a university, and government agencies, including municipal, central, and federal government. This research is unique because it focuses on a case study using a historical lens to explore the policies and stakeholder dynamics that shape a system’s behavior, where the behavior is in reference to the flows of discarded materials either entering the circular economy or the island’s waste disposal facilities. Through our research, we found that Puerto Rico’s overall solid waste system is stalled within a balancing feedback loop where policies and dynamics have taken place that have created resistance to efforts to improve the current situation. In our discussion, we reflect on the policies and stakeholder dynamics that have caused this balancing feedback loop and make recommendations to better support a reinforcing feedback loop that will lead to changes to achieve Puerto Rico’s solid waste disposal and recycling plans and goals required to foster a circular economy. This study can inform future policy making and institutional coordination efforts within Puerto Rico and abroad.
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Robles, Francisco RodrÃguez, Francisco M. Monroig-Saltar, and David Serrano Acevedo. "Application of an Energy Efficient Hot Air Recirculation Controlled Closed System Environment for Parchment Coffee Dehydration in Puerto Rico." American Journal of Agricultural Science, Engineering, and Technology 2, no. 5 (March 29, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v2i5.30.
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The high and increasing costs associated with propane gas, diesel and electricity used by mechanicaldryers have negatively affected the coffee processors in Puerto Rico. In 1991 the cost to process onehundred pounds of parchment coffee was $14.13, while in 2011 was over $35.00. From all the sectorswithin the coffee industry in Puerto Rico, the processors are the ones that have experience the largestincreases in operational cost, over 145% in the past years, mainly due to post harvesting drying. Toaddress this specific challenge, the Department of Agriculture of Puerto Rico (DAPR) assigned funds toresearch coffee dehydration energy efficient alternatives that would reduce the costs to the coffeeprocessors of the island. As part of this effort, a hot air recirculation controlled closed-system(HARC2S) was designed and constructed at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez. The basicconcept of the HARC2S is to condition the hot air that has already passed through the coffee bean massand direct it back to the mechanical dryer. The hot air conditioning consist in removing part of themoisture from the recirculation air with a heat exchanger that uses water at ambient temperature, toincrease the moisture absorbing capacity of the air before it re-enters the mechanical dryer.Experimental results of the HARC2S, under various operational configurations, provided substantialdrying energy savings ranging from 12% to 59%. The range variation in energy savings is due to thesystem operational configurations and possible variations of the parchment coffee bean ripeness statefrom the various batch experiments. Investing in the development and implementation of thistechnology will provide not only sustainable operation of the coffee processors facilities, but will alsosustain close to 20,000 jobs with potential employment growth representing over a $41 million annualincome to the local economy.
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Robles, Francisco Rodriguez, Francisco M. Monroig-Saltar, and David Serrano Acevedo. "Application of an Energy Efficient Hot Air Recirculation Controlled Closed System Environment for Parchment Coffee Dehydration in Puerto Rico." American Journal of Agricultural Science, Engineering, and Technology 2, no. 1 (August 15, 2018): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v2i1.30.
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The high and increasing costs associated with propane gas, diesel and electricity used by mechanical dryers have negatively affected the coffee processors in Puerto Rico. In 1991 the cost to process one hundred pounds of parchment coffee was $14.13, while in 2011 was over $35.00. From all the sectors within the coffee industry in Puerto Rico, the processors are the ones that have experience the largest increases in operational cost, over 145% in the past years, mainly due to post harvesting drying. To address this specific challenge, the Department of Agriculture of Puerto Rico (DAPR) assigned funds to research coffee dehydration energy efficient alternatives that would reduce the costs to the coffee processors of the island. As part of this effort, a hot air recirculation controlled closed-system (HARC2S) was designed and constructed at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagez. The basic concept of the HARC2S is to condition the hot air that has already passed through the coffee bean mass and direct it back to the mechanical dryer. The hot air conditioning consist in removing part of the moisture from the recirculation air with a heat exchanger that uses water at ambient temperature, to increase the moisture absorbing capacity of the air before it re-enters the mechanical dryer. Experimental results of the HARC2S, under various operational configurations, provided substantial drying energy savings ranging from 12% to 59%. The range variation in energy savings is due to the system operational configurations and possible variations of the parchment coffee bean ripeness state from the various batch experiments. Investing in the development and implementation of this technology will provide not only sustainable operation of the coffee processors facilities, but will also sustain close to 20,000 jobs with potential employment growth representing over a $41 million annual income to the local economy.
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Vargas, Nikoletta, Juan Luis Molina, José S. Sifuentes-Cervantes, Jaime Castro-Núñez, Elizabeth Orsini, and Lidia M. Guerrero. "The Showcases of Dental History – A time machine in miniature at the University of Puerto Rico: Part II – The Exhibits." Journal of the History of Dentistry 72, no. 1 (2024): 52–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.58929/jhd.2024.072.01.52.
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The University of Puerto Rico School of Dentistry was established in 1957. Over the years, it has played an important role in Puerto Rico’s healthcare system. That legacy is displayed through the walls of the School of Dentistry. In Part 1, the evolution of 20-year-old dental museum-like showcases located in the lobby and the main hallway of the school were described along with important professions who impacted on this development. In this paper, we will describe in detail the items available at the museum.
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Sanchez, Jose, and Noraida Domínguez. "The Use of Mobile Technologies by Undergraduate Students from the University of Puerto Rico System." Ubiquitous Learning: An International Journal 5, no. 3 (2013): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/v05i03/40378.
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Irish, B. M., R. Goenaga, and R. C. Ploetz. "Mycosphaerella fijiensis, Causal Agent of Black Sigatoka of Musa spp. Found in Puerto Rico and Identified by Polymerase Chain Reaction." Plant Disease 90, no. 5 (May 2006): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0684a.
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Black Sigatoka, also known as black leaf streak, is caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet (anamorph Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Morelet) Deighton). It is the most significant disease of bananas and plantains (Musa spp.) because most of the economically important cultivars of exported and staple commodities are highly susceptible. The Caribbean is one of the few regions of the world where black Sigatoka is not widespread. Black Sigatoka has been reported in the Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, and Jamaica (2). Yellow Sigatoka, caused by M. musicola Leach (anamorph P. musae (Zimm.) Deighton), has been recognized in Puerto Rico since 1938-1939 (3). In August 2004, symptoms resembling black Sigatoka were first observed in Añasco, Puerto Rico by extension personnel from the University of Puerto Rico. Since black and yellow Sigatoka produce similar disease symptoms, a survey was conducted in the western banana- and plantain-production region of Puerto Rico to confirm the presence of black Sigatoka. Leaf samples were collected from production fields near the towns of Las Marias, Maricao, and Añasco. Single-ascospore isolates were recovered using the discharge technique from moistened pseudothecia in necrotic lesions that were inverted over water agar, and ascospores were transferred to potato dextrose agar. The isolates were subcultured in potato dextrose broth for mycelium production. DNA was isolated from mycelium with the FastDNA kit (Q-Biogen, Irvine, CA) for 19 isolates. Internal transcribed spacer as well as the 5.8s rDNA regions were polymerase chain reaction amplified with primers specific to M. fijiensis or M. musicola (1). Amplification products (˜1,100 bp) were observed for 18 of the 19 isolates, 6 of which were M. fijiensis and the remaining 12 were M. musicola, while the positive controls for both species were also amplified with the respective primer pairs. M. fijiensis was recovered from production fields close to all three towns. The source of M. fijiensis in Puerto Rico is unclear, but it may have originated from introduced leaf material and/or wind dispersed ascospores from neighboring countries. The presence of black Sigatoka in Puerto Rico will most likely increase production costs where fungicide applications will be needed to maintain yields. The USDA-ARS, Tropical Agriculture Research Station is the official Musa spp. germplasm repository for the National Plant Germplasm System. As such, efforts are underway to introduce and evaluate black Sigatoka disease-resistant clones that can satisfy local and export market criteria. References: (1) A. Johnasen. Detection of Sigatoka leaf spot pathogens of banana by the polymerase chain reaction. Chatman, UK, Natural Resource Institute, 1997. (2) R. C. Ploetz. Plant Dis. 88:772, 2004. (3) R. H. Stover. Trop. Agric. Trinidad. 39:327, 1962.
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Perez-Ramos, Jose G., Hector T. Zayas, Nancy R. Cardona Cordero, Dulce M. Del Rio Pineda, Colleen Murphy, Carmen M. Velez Vega, and Timothy De Ver Dye. "2231 Research partnership, community commitment, and the people-to-people for Puerto Rico (#p2p4PUR) Movement: Researchers and citizens in solidarity." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 2, S1 (June 2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2018.262.
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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Island communities face greater environmental risks creating challenges in their populations. A community and participatory qualitative research method aiming to understand community perspectives regarding the ecology and environmental risks of the island of Culebra was performed to develop a community-centered Information and Communications Technology (ICT) intervention (an app). The island of Culebra, a municipality from the archipelago of Puerto Rico is located 17 miles from the eastern coast of Puerto Rico’s main island. This ICT—termed mZAP (Zonas, Acción & Protección)—is part of a Translational Biomedical doctoral degree dissertation housed at the University of Rochester’s Clinical Translational Science Institute (CTSI) Informatics Core funded by an NIH Clinical Translational Science Award (CTSA). In September 2017, the island of Culebra faced 2 major category hurricanes 2 weeks apart. Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria devastated homes, schools, health clinics, and local businesses, disrupting an already-fragile ecological balance on the island. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: These 2 storms catastrophically affected the archipelago of Puerto Rico. Culebra’s geographically isolated location, along with the inefficient response from authorities, exacerbated the stressors caused by these natural disasters, increasing the gap of social determinants of health, including the lack of potable water. Leveraging a community engagement partnership established before the hurricanes by the mZAP participatory research, which naturally halted once the hurricanes hit a new humanitarian objective formed to deliver aid. Along with another NIH funded RCMI Translational Research Network, or RTRN institution (University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus) students and faculty, The Puerto Rico Testsite for Exploring Contamination Threats Program (PROTECT) an NIEHS Funded Grant, and the National Guard, a “people to people” approach was established to ascertain needs and an opportunity to meet those needs. A people-to-people approach brings humanitarian needs, identified directly by the community to the people who need it most; without intermediaries and bureaucratic delays that typically occur during catastrophes. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The consumption of potable water in plastic bottles and subsequent accumulation of plastic material has proven to be collateral damage of a vulnerable water distribution system creating another environmental hazard on the island of Culebra. Therefore, this humanitarian partnership, worked to delivered community and family sized water filters, providing a safe environmental alternative to drinkable water for the island. The success of this approach, People to People for Puerto Rico (#p2p4PUR), demonstrated the power of genuine community engagement—arising from a previous clinical research partnership—and true established commitment with members of the community. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Research partnerships can (and should, when needed) lead to humanitarian partnerships that extend beyond research objectives. Research may subsequently be adapted based on new realities associated with natural disasters and the altered nature of existing partnerships, allowing for a rapid response to communities need. Further, #p2p4PUR was not only able to channel a partnership humanitarian response but also created an opportunity to reflect on how the commitment between members of society and academia (researchers) can create beneficial bilateral relationships, always putting the community needs first. The resulting shared experience elevates community interest and engagement with researchers, and helps researchers see communities as true partners, rather than—simply—research subjects.
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Lopez-Enriquez, A. T. "Acute promielocytic leukemia: 14 years experience at the University Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e18006-e18006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e18006.
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e18006 Background: Acute promielocytic leukemias (APL) are a unique example in carcinogenesis, of maturation arrest at the promielocytic stage, associated with a chromosomal reciprocal translocation of a portion of chromosome 15 and 17 with the formation of fusion proteins between the PML gene and the alpha-retinoic acid receptor site. Methods: Since 1994 when transretinoic acid (ATRA) became available to us, we developed a protocol incorporating this drug to the standard regime of induction chemotherapy for acute leukemias used in our institution of 7 days of continuous infusion of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and three days of daunorubicine (7+3), starting the ATRA on day 14 at 45 mg/m2 and continued daily for 120 days. Two to three more courses of consolidation with high-dose Ara-C, Ara-C with daunorubicine or daunorubicine alone where given. Results: We have treated 91 patients with APL since 1994 up to November 2008. Eighty-nine (89) patients received 7+3+ATRA. Nineteen of eighty-nine (19/89) died early in the first two weeks of treatment mainly secondary to bleeding and sepsis for a 21% early death rate. Sixty-seven of seventy (67/70) patients went into complete remission for a 98% rate. Four patients developed ATRA syndrome; three early pulmonary syndromes with one death, and the other two responded to steroids and went into remission. A fourth developed increased intracranial pressure two weeks on ATRA, resolved on steroids, Diamox, and continued on a lower ATRA dose. Fifty-three (53) has remained in complete remission with a range of 6months to 14 years, for a rate of 76%. Seventeen (17) patients or 25% (17/70) relapsed within the first 2 years of treatment. Thirteen of 17 (13/17) relapsed after receiving Dauno x3 x3 as consolidation chemotherapy for a 76% relapsed rate. Conclusions: The initial high early mortality needs to be addressed with a more aggressive support system. A 98% complete remission rate for induction chemotherapy is extraordinary, no ATRA syndrome when started on day 14 of treatment, reducing further morbidity and mortality. Daunorubicine as a single agent in consolidation is inappropriate in our population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Ortiz-Uriarte, Bianca, Natalia Rosa-Padilla, Rafael López-López, Jaime Curbelo-Rodríguez, Verónica Negrón-Pérez, and Guillermo Ortiz-Colón. "The Slick Holstein as an alternative to cope with heat stress in tropical dairy operations." Archivos Latinoamericanos de Producción Animal 28, no. 3-4 (December 14, 2020): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.53588/alpa283409.
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Heat stress is a significant challenge to dairy production in most parts of the world. Puerto Rican Criollo cattle carry the Slick (SL) gene that results in short lustrous hair, conferring them with superior heat tolerance that makes them a valuable genetic resource in dairy breeding programs aiming at achieving resiliency upon the uncertainty of climate change. The SL gene has been part of the Puerto Rican dairy cattle genetic pool long enough that we have registered SL Holsteins with ancestry percentages greater than 93%. We documented milk production throughout the lactation cycle and calving intervals (CI) of SL registered Holstein cows in El Remanso Dairy Farm, in Camuy, Puerto Rico (18.4839° N, 66.8450° W). Official production and reproductive data from the Dairy Records Management System (www.drms.org) was obtained and used to compare the production of 17 SL hair registered Holstein cows with 68 wild-type (WT) Holsteins. Milk production was analyzed using Proc GLIMMIX of SAS (SAS University Edition, 2018) and a Tukey test was conducted to analyze milk production during the hot period using a model that included genotype (SL and WT), stage of lactation, and lactation number (1, 2 or ≥ 3) as fixed effects. Tukey test analysis were also performed comparing the CI between 4-12 SL and 4-12 WT Holsteins with data from 2013-2016 (number of cows varied by year). Average milk production for SL and WT Holsteins was 16.59 ± 0.94 and 14.83 ± 0.41 kg/day (p=0.746). SL Holsteins showed a shorter CI than their WT contemporaries with an average of 14.42±0.13 versus 16.06±0.08 (p=0.001). Under the hot and humid conditions of Puerto Rico, SL Holstein dairy cows perform reproductively better than WT Holsteins. Therefore, the SL gene may be an appropriate adaptive strategy to support an efficient dairy industry within a warmer global climate.
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Diaz, Keila, Sofia Marcano, Victor Ortiz, Carlos Sanchez, Elvis Santiago, and Jorge J. Zequeira. "Imaging-Associated Radiation Trends in a Puerto Rican Pediatric Surgical Population: Is Over-Radiation an Issue in Our Emergency Departments?" American Surgeon 84, no. 8 (August 2018): 1269–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481808400834.
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The increased use of CT scans has raised concerns regarding the risks of early radiation exposure in the Puerto Rico pediatric population. Available literature sustains that repeated exposure to imaging-related radiation in the pediatric population is associated with a 3-fold increase in the risk of developing pediatric hematogenous and central nervous system malignancies. It is for this reason that an international effort known as the Image Gently Campaign was created, mostly based on the “As Low As Reasonably Achievable” (ALARA) principle described by the Center for Disease Control. With this in mind, our aim was to identify whether there are any discrepancies in imaging tendencies outside our pediatric academic center in Puerto Rico and to determine whether our patients are at increased risk of over-radiation. There were 181 patients; five were excluded because of incomplete data. Our results show that children with appendicitis who are evaluated at nontertiary centers are more likely to have a CT scan performed (93%, OR: 4.054; 95% confidence interval: 2.6–6.4), as opposed to a nonradiating imaging study. In the Pediatric University Hospital, a CT scan was performed as the initial study in 23 per cent of the patients (OR: 0.09; 95% confidence interval: 0.05–0.18), favoring ultrasound as the diagnostic modality of choice. Our concern is that if this trend does not change, our pediatric population might have an increased risk of developing associated malignancies. We believe a local effort toward educational strategies should be implemented to prevent radiation overexposure in our pediatric patients.
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Donlan, Seán Patrick. "Mixed and Mixing Systems Worldwide: A Preface." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 15, no. 3 (May 29, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2012/v15i3a2500.
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This issue of the Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal (South Africa) sees the publication of a selection of articles derived from the Third International Congress of the World Society of Mixed Jurisdiction Jurists (WSMJJ). That Congress was held at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel in the summer of 2011. It reflected a thriving Society consolidating its core scholarship on classical mixed jurisdictions (Israel, Louisiana, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Quebec, Scotland, and South Africa) while reaching to new horizons (including Cyprus, Hong Kong and Macau, Malta, Nepal, etc). This publication reflects in microcosm the complexity of contemporary scholarship on mixed and plural legal systems. This complexity is, of course, well-understood by South African jurists whose system is derived both from the dominant European traditions as well as from African customary systems, including both those that make up part of the official law of the state as well as those non-state norms that continue to be important in the daily lives of many South Africans.
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Mohammed, Nasser, Yi-Chieh Hung, Ching-Jen Chen, Zhiyuan Xu, David Schlesinger, Hideyuki Kano, Veronica Chiang, et al. "A Proposed Grading Scale for Predicting Outcomes After Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas." Neurosurgery 87, no. 2 (October 4, 2019): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyz401.
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Abstract BACKGROUND There are presently no grading scales that specifically address the outcomes of cranial dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). OBJECTIVE To design a practical grading system that would predict outcomes after SRS for cranial dAVFs. METHODS From the International Radiosurgery Research Foundation (University of Pittsburgh [41 patients], University of Pennsylvania [6 patients], University of Sherbrooke [2 patients], University of Manitoba [1 patient], West Virginia University [2 patients], University of Puerto Rico [1 patient], Beaumont Health System 1 [patient], Na Homolce Hospital [13 patients], the University of Virginia [48 patients], and Yale University [6 patients]) centers, 120 patients with dAVF treated with SRS were included in the study. The factors predicting favorable outcome (obliteration without post-SRS hemorrhage) after SRS were assessed using logistic regression analysis. These factors were pooled with the factors that were found to be predictive of obliteration from 7 studies with 736 patients after a systematic review of literature. These were entered into stepwise multiple regression and the best-fit model was identified. RESULTS Based on the predictive model, 3 factors emerged to develop an SRS scoring system: cortical venous reflux (CVR), prior intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and noncavernous sinus location. Class I (score of 0-1 points) predicted the best favorable outcome of 80%. Class II patients (2 points score) had an intermediate favorable outcome of 57%, and class III (score 3 points) had the least favorable outcome at 37%. The ROC analysis showed better predictability to prevailing grading systems (AUC = 0.69; P = .04). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed statistically significant difference between the 3 subclasses of the proposed grading system for post-SRS dAVF obliteration (P = .001). CONCLUSION The proposed dAVF grading system incorporates angiographic, anatomic, and clinical parameters and improves the prediction of the outcomes following SRS for dAVF as compared to the existing scoring systems.
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Rodríguez, Ketty, Lourdes Cádiz, and Snejanka Penkova. "Integration of information literacy skills into the core business curriculum at the University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras." Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship 23, no. 2 (May 18, 2018): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08963568.2018.1467168.
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Irizarry, Juan, Alba Rivera-Diaz, Miriam Padilla-Diaz, Patricia Fernandez-Hawa, Lissette Jimenez-Davila, and William Rodriguez-Cintron. "0914 Perception of Sleep Medicine (SM) Training among Internal Medicine (IM) Trainees in Puerto Rico." SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2023): A403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0914.
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Abstract Introduction Awareness of the importance of SM among trainees at our IM Training Program (IMTP) has not been documented, despite the high prevalence of Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) within our clinical population. Recently, the Indiana University Sleep Questionnaire (IUSQ) was administered to quantify the perception of SM in IM residents. Methods We administered the IUSQ questionnaire through an anonymous computer survey sample of IM residents at our ACGME accredited IMTP. Results A total of 52/61 (85%) residents from the Veterans Administration Caribbean Health Care System (VACHS) IMTP participated. There were 18 PGY-1, 16 PGY-2, 15 PGY-3 and 3 PGY-4 residents whom the majority strongly agreed or agreed that the burden of SDB was large in the general population (63% & 35%), that it is important for their training (48% & 46%) and for their general practice (54% & 38%). They were mostly neutral or disagreed about getting adequate training in SDB during residency (38% & 40%). The majority strongly agreed or agreed that sleep specialist is needed for managing SDB (27% & 48%) and 9.6% disagreed with this. Many do not have interest in pursuing a sleep medicine fellowship answering neutral, disagree and strongly disagree (23%, 38% &23%). The majority strongly agree and agree that a sleep fellowship is important in treating sleep disorders (48% & 33%). The residents are mostly neutral or disagree when it comes to their confidence in treating sleep apnea (40% & 48%) and treating other sleep disorders (46% & 38%). Conclusion Despite the high prevalence of SDB in the population they manage, residents do not feel they are getting enough training in the management of sleep disorders. They acknowledge the importance of SM education for the latter purpose, but the majority does not want to pursue formal subspecialty training in SM. In addition, they do not feel comfortable managing SDB and other sleep disorders. Interestingly this mismatch between burden of disease and the need for disease management proficiency is similar to one found previously in a different resident population to which the same IUSQ was administered. An educational approach toward residents may furtherly change these perceptions. Support (if any)
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Rodríguez-Rivera, Diana V., Yerania Rodríguez-Navedo, Mariely Nieves-Plaza, and Luis M. Vilá. "Patient-reported outcome measures in a population of medically indigent patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Puerto Rico." SAGE Open Medicine 4 (January 1, 2016): 205031211667092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312116670927.
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Objective: To determine patient-reported outcomes measures in indigent patients with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving their healthcare through the Puerto Rico government managed care system and compare these measures with non-indigent patients treated in a private fee-for-service setting. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a cohort of 98 Puerto Ricans with systemic lupus erythematosus. Patients from the public group (n = 40) were treated in a university-based specialized systemic lupus erythematosus clinic and the private group (n = 58) in a community-based rheumatology practice. Demographic and clinical features and patient-reported outcomes measures per LupusPRO instrument were determined. LupusPRO captures quality-of-life measures in 12 domains. Differences among study groups were examined using chi-square, Fisher’s exact, t-tests, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of the study population was 44.9 (12.0) years; 94 (95.9%) were women. Patients in the public setting were younger and were more likely to have renal disease and elevated anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies, and being treated with azathioprine and cyclophosphamide. Patients from the public sector were more likely to have better quality-of-life measures in the LupusPRO domains of pain/vitality and coping. No significant differences were observed for the domains of lupus symptoms, physical health, emotional health, body image, cognition, procreation, lupus medications, desires/goals, social support, and satisfaction with medical care. Conclusion: Despite having a lower socioeconomic status and worse clinical status, systemic lupus erythematosus patients from the public sector had equal or better patient-reported outcomes measures than those treated in the private setting. This favorable outcome may be associated with the comprehensive healthcare received by these patients in a specialized lupus clinic.
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Victoria, Yinayra, Natalio Debs, Augusto Elias, and Carmen J. Buxo. "176 COVID-19 infection risk in patients with non-syndromic orofacial clefts during pandemic in Puerto Rico." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 6, s1 (April 2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2022.82.
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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Patients with nsCL/P are prone to infections due to their open like wound cleft and immune system susceptibility. COVID-19 affected nsCL/P patients access to care and treatment delays. This study will determine COVID-19 infection risk between children with nsCL/P compared to those unaffected. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Retrospective cohort of children 5 years old and under with nsCL/P (exposed group) and children without nsCL/P (unaffected group); matched by age and gender. Participants will be selected from ongoing case-control study (n=500), School of Dental Medicine, and Pediatric University Hospital. Power analysis will calculate minimum sample size (power=0.80 alpha=0.05). Exclusion criteria: syndromic clefts, patients without diagnosis information and with history of co-morbidity. Other bacterial and viral infections present at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis, sex, age, geographic location, COVID-19 vaccination status and others will be considered as possible cofounders. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Odds Ratios at 95% confidence intervals and multiple logistic regression will be estimated. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We hypothesize that we will identify an increased risk of COVID-19 infection in children with nsCL/P than in those unaffected or children without nsCL/P. Children with nsCL/P will also have an increased risk of symptoms and complications of COVID-19 infection than those unaffected. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Knowing the increased risk of COVID-19 infection in children with nsCL/P will aid to prioritize treatment. If a higher risk of COVID-19 infection is found, it will generate a need to modify elective surgery status to semi-elective; minimizing delayed treatments, unnecessary hospitalizations, complications and increased cost of treatment.
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Ramos-Rincón, José M., Isabel Belinchón-Romero, Francisco Sánchez-Ferrer, Guillermo Martínez-de la Torre, Meggan Harris, and Javier Sánchez-Fernández. "The reach of Spanish-language YouTube videos on physical examinations made by undergraduate medical students." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 14 (December 19, 2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2017.14.31.
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This study was conducted to evaluate the performance and reach of YouTube videos on physical examinations made by Spanish university students. We analyzed performance metrics for 4 videos on physical examinations in Spanish that were created by medical students at Miguel Hernández University (Elche, Spain) and are available on YouTube, on the following topics: the head and neck (7:30), the cardiovascular system (7:38), the respiratory system (13:54), and the abdomen (11:10). We used the Analytics application offered by the YouTube platform to analyze the reach of the videos from the upload date (February 17, 2015) to July 28, 2017 (2 years, 5 months, and 11 days). The total number of views, length of watch-time, and the mean view duration for the 4 videos were, respectively: 164,403 views (mean, 41,101 views; range, 12,389 to 94,573 views), 425,888 minutes (mean, 106,472 minutes; range, 37,889 to 172,840 minutes), and 2:56 minutes (range, 1:49 to 4:03 minutes). Mexico was the most frequent playback location, followed by Spain, Colombia, and Venezuela. Uruguay, Ecuador, Mexico, and Puerto Rico had the most views per 100,000 population. Spanish-language tutorials are an alternative tool for teaching physical examination skills to students whose first language is not English. The videos were especially popular in Uruguay, Ecuador, and Mexico.
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Torres-Nazario, Marcos, and Omayra Caraballo-Pagán. "Las expectativas del estudiantado subgraduado de un programa de aprendizaje en línea." HETS Online Journal 10, no. 2 (August 11, 2022): 114–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.55420/2693.9193.v10.n2.16.
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This article describes the process of translation and validation of the “Student Expectations of Online Learning Survey” questionnaire (SEOLS), as well as its administration to all fully online undergraduate students at the Inter-American University of Puerto Rico, Ponce Campus (UIPR-Ponce). This quantitative-descriptive research was conducted during the spring semester of 2017 with a random sample of 225 participants, who completed online SEOLS questionnaire. The findings reveal that the online student body has a high mastery of the technology and the management of the system or platform used for the course delivery. In addition, it has high expectations about everything related to navigation in the online courses and teaching staff offered by these courses. The dimensions related to the content of the courses and the social interaction in the online courses received the lowest scores. In conclusion, for this university population, SEOLS is a valid and reliable instrument. In addition, that distance education students have varied levels of expectations for each of the dimensions described in SEOLS. The results of this research can be useful in the design and review of courses, as well as in the training of teachers who offer online courses.
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Mocco, J., Kenneth V. Snyder, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Bernard R. Bendok, Alan S. Boulos, Jeffrey S. Carpenter, David J. Fiorella, et al. "Treatment of intracranial aneurysms with the Enterprise stent: a multicenter registry." Journal of Neurosurgery 110, no. 1 (January 2009): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2008.7.jns08322.
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Object The development of self-expanding stents dedicated to intracranial use has significantly widened the applicability of endovascular therapy to many intracranial aneurysms that would otherwise have been untreatable by endovascular techniques. Recent Food and Drug Administration approval of the Enterprise Vascular Reconstruction Device and Delivery System (Cordis) has added a new option for self-expanding stent-assisted intracranial aneurysm coiling. Methods The authors established a collaborative registry across multiple institutions to rapidly provide largevolume results regarding initial experience in using the Enterprise in real-world practice. Ten institutions (University at Buffalo, Thomas Jefferson University, University of Florida, Cleveland Clinic, Northwestern University, West Virginia University, University of Puerto Rico, Albany Medical Center Hospital, the Neurological Institute of Savannah, and the Barrow Neurological Institute) have provided consecutive data regarding their initial experience with the Enterprise. Results In total, 141 patients (119 women) with 142 aneurysms underwent 143 attempted stent deployments. The use of Enterprise assistance with aneurysm coiling was associated with a 76% rate of ≥ 90% occlusion. An inability to navigate or deploy the stent was experienced in 3% of cases, as well as a 2% occurrence of inaccurate deployment. Procedural data demonstrated a 6% temporary morbidity, 2.8% permanent morbidity, and 2% mortality (0.8% unruptured, 12% ruptured). Conclusions The authors report initial results of the largest series to date in using the Enterprise for intracranial aneurysm treatment. The Enterprise is associated with a high rate of successful navigation and low occurrence of inaccurate stent deployment. The overall morbidity and mortality rates were low; however, caution should be exercised when considering Enterprise deployment in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage as the authors' experience demonstrated a high rate of associated hemorrhagic complications leading to death.
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QUEIROZ, GABRIEL C., and WANDA M. WEINER. "A new species of Brachystomella (Collembola: Brachystomellidae) from the Atlantic Forest of southeast Brazil." Zootaxa 2885, no. 1 (May 20, 2011): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2885.1.7.
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Abrantes, E.A., Bellini, B.C., Bernardo, A.N., Fernandes, L.H., Mendonça, M.C., Oliveira, E.P., Queiroz, G.C., Sautter, K.D., Silveira, T.C. & Zeppelini, D. (2010) Synthesis of Brazilian Collembola: an update to the species list. Zootaxa, 2388, 1–22.Ågren, H. (1903) Diagnosen einiger neuen Achorutiden aus Schweden (Vorläufige Mittheilungen). Entomologisk Tidskrift, 24, 126–128.Arlé, R. (1959) Collembola Arthropleona do Brasil oriental e central. Arquivos do Museu Nacional, 49, 155–211.Bellinger, P.F., Christiansen, K.A. & Janssens, F. (2010) Checklist of the Collembola of the World. Available from: http://www.collembola.org (Accessed 25 November 2010).Bonet, F. (1930) Remarques sur les hypogastruriens cavernicoles avec descriptions d’espèces nouvelles (Collembola). Eos Madrid, 6, 113–139.Börner, C. (1906) Das System der Collembolen nebst Beschreibung neuer Collembolen des Hamburger Naturhistorischen Museums. Mitteilungen aus den Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg, 23, 147–188.Cassagnau, P. & Rapoport, E.H. (1962) Collemboles d’Amérique du Sud, I Poduromorphes. Biologie de la Amérique Australe, 1, 139–184.Denis, J.R. (1931) Collemboles de Costa Rica avec une contribution au spèces d’lordre. Bolletino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Facoltà Agraria in Portici, 25, 69–170.Fernandes, L.H. & Mendonça, M.C. (2004) Collembola Poduromorpha do litoral de Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 21, 15–25.Massoud, Z. (1967) Monographie des Neanuridae, Collemboles Poduromorphes à pièces buccales modifiées. Biologie de l'Amérique Australe, Éditions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Volume III, Paris, pp.7–399.Mendonça, M.C. & Fernandes, L.H. (1997) A new genus of Brachystomellinae from Brazil (Collembola: Neanuridae). Boletim do Museu Nacional, nova seérie, zoologia, Rio de Janeiro, 379, 1–7.Najt, J. & Massoud, Z. (1974) Contribution à l’étude des Brachystomellinae (Insectes, Collemboles). I.—Nouvelles espèces récoltées en Argentine. Revue d’Ecologie et de Biologie du Sol, 11 (3), 367–372.Najt, J. & Palacios-Vargas, J.G. (1986) Nuevos Brachystomellinae de Mexico (Collembola, Neanuridae). Nouvelle Revue d’Entomologie, 3 (4), 457–471.Najt, J. & Weiner, W.M. (1996) Geographical distribution of Brachystomellinae (Collembola: Neanuridae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 72 (2), 61–69.Najt, J., Weiner, W.M. & Grandcolas, P. (2005) Phylogeny of the Brachystomellidae (Collembola) — were the mandibles ancestrally absent and did they re-appear in this family? Zoologica Scripta, 34, 305–312.Rapoport, E.H. & Rubio, I. (1963) Fauna collembologica de Chili. Investigaciones Zoologicas Chilenas, 9, 95–124.Schäffer, C. (1896) Die Collembolen der Umgebung von Hamburg und benachbarter Gebiete. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg, 13, 149–216.Weiner, W.M. & Najt, J. (2001) Species of Brachystomella (Collembola: Brachystomellidae) from the Neotropical region. European Journal of Entomology, 98 (3), 387–413.Wray, D.L. (1953) New Collembola from Puerto Rico. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 37 (2), 140–150.
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Izquierdo, Jorge Tito, Leandro Rodriguez Agrait, and Benjamĺn Colucci Rĺos. "Structural Evaluation and Analysis of Instrumented In-Service Concrete Pavements Subjected to Heavy Dynamic Loads." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1568, no. 1 (January 1997): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1568-04.
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A structural evaluation and analysis of instrumented plain portland cement concrete pavement was performed in a rural primary highway subjected to heavy dynamic loads. Two full-scale slabs were constructed and tested to verify the dynamic analysis of the computer program UPR-PAVI2, which was developed at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez using finite elements. It has the capability to analyze the effect of temperature differential, dead load, and dynamic and static trucks on rigid pavements. UPR-PAVI2 can consider different soil stiffness under the slab, the slab geometry, and multiple trucks and their longitudinal paths, velocities, stiffnesses, geometries, and load distributions. The instrumented slabs included both doweled and undoweled. Their material properties were obtained through laboratory and field tests. The subbase course consisted of a cut section in limestone bedrock for the doweled slab and borrowed material from limestone rock for the fill section used in the undoweled slab. The base course was composed of two layers of nonerodable black bituminous base. The slabs were constructed with concrete with a compressive strength of 34 MPa (5,000 psi) at 28 days. A loaded truck generated the established repetitions by moving over the instrumented slabs at different velocities, producing static and dynamic deflections that were measured with a data acquisition system. The replication and behavior of the response were analyzed, and the validated data were compared with the response obtained using UPR-PAVI2. The results obtained from this simulation were in good agreement with the field data.
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Saliceti-Piazza, L., R. Buxeda, E. Rivera, M. Hormaza, and L. Morell. "University—Industry Partnership." Industry and Higher Education 17, no. 6 (December 2003): 435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000003322776352.
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Successful knowledge-based economic models rely on synergy between government, industry and academia. This paper reviews the efforts to convert the island of Puerto Rico from a manufacturing to a high-tech manufacturing/research and development economy with information technology and biotechnology as the main development strongholds. The formation of clusters and partnership between government, industry and academia are essential requirements for successful economies. The strategic approach adopted in Puerto Rico is exemplified by the university-industry partnership developed by the University of Puerto Rico's Industrial Biotechnology programme in cooperation with locally established biotechnology industries.
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Guiot, Humberto M., Hilton Franqui-Rivera, and Marcel Mesa-Pabón. "University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine." Academic Medicine 95, no. 9S (September 2020): S454—S456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000003482.
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MENDEZ-IGLESIAS, ANTONIO, and PHILIP SPECHT. "University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine." Academic Medicine 75, Supplement (September 2000): S333—S335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001888-200009001-00098.
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FRONTERA, ERNESTO A. "The Bioethics Advisory Board of Puerto Rico: Personal Reflections on an Initial Agenda." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 18, no. 3 (July 2009): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180109090409.
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In 2005 the new Governor of Puerto Rico appointed a panel of experts to evaluate the healthcare system of Puerto Rico and make recommendations. Among other things, the panel recommended the creation of an advisory board on bioethics for the commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
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Meléndez-Ackerman, Elvia, and Jorge L. Colón. "Killing the golden goose for STEM." Science 375, no. 6586 (March 18, 2022): 1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abo1138.
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In 2016, the US Congress enacted the Puerto Rico Oversight, Management, and Economic Stability Act (PROMESA), which led to a federally appointed Financial Oversight and Management Board (FOMB) to oversee restructuring of the island’s $74 billion debt and achieve sustainable budgets. Many economists argue that even debt adjustment, which was approved in January, will not be enough to put Puerto Rico on a road to recovery. Unprecedented budget cuts by FOMB have already reduced funding from Puerto Rico’s state government for the University of Puerto Rico (UPR). UPR is the island’s premier institute of higher learning in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). State funding for UPR must be restored if Puerto Rico is to stably recover from years of economic despair.
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Mignucci, Andrés. "Casa Fullana: a model for modern living in the tropics." Modern Houses, no. 64 (2021): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/64.a.zebgxty3.
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Casa Fullana [Fullana House], built in 1955 in San Juan, Puerto Rico, is an exemplary model of Henry Klumb’s (1905-1984) design principles for modern living in the tropics. German architect Henry Klumb conducted a prolific architectural practice in Puerto Rico, producing some of the most iconic examples of tropical modernism in the Caribbean. His work, most notably at the University of Puerto Rico (1946-1966) (UPR) and in landmark projects like the San Martin de Porres Church (1948) in Cataño, constituted a breakthrough in Puerto Rican, Caribbean and Latin American architecture. Anchored in the principles of modern architecture, specifically of an organic architecture put forward by his mentor Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959), Klumb’s work is deeply rooted in the specificities of the landscape, topography, and climate of Puerto Rico as a tropical island.
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Soto-Canetti, Gabriela, Lizmara García, Andrés E. Juliá, Eva I. Gordián, José A. Bartolomei, Nilsa Camareno, José F. Rodríguez, and Martín Montoya. "Developing a Case Investigation and Contact-Tracing System in Puerto Rico, 2020." American Journal of Public Health 112, no. 2 (February 2022): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2021.306584.
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We present a record of events that led to the creation of the Puerto Rico Case Investigation and Contact-Tracing System (CICTS) to monitor and control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Puerto Rico. The development of the CICTS is a significant step toward establishing a comprehensive infectious disease surveillance system in Puerto Rico. Furthering the development of a CICTS infrastructure is critical in the response against future emerging infectious diseases in the region. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(2):223–226. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306584 )
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Naranjo Orovio, Consuelo, and Miguel Ángel Puig-Samper. "Fernando de los Ríos, a voice of the exiled Spanish Republican at the University of Puerto Rico." Culture & History Digital Journal 7, no. 1 (July 6, 2018): 005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2018.005.
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The host of Spanish Republican intellectuals after the Spanish Civil War was linked to the establishment of scientific networks that had been forged before the exile. These networks provided a platform to the Spanish intellectual exile in many American countries. Puerto Rico was one of them. Its university supported the arrival of Republican professors and scientists, some of whom had already been on the island teaching some courses since 1924. Besides, the University of Puerto Rico invited several exiled professors to temporarily stay as guests. Fernando de los Rios was one of them. He stayed as professor in 1928 and 1944. His personal experience, ideology and conception of History and the past were reflected in the classes Fernando de los Rios gave at the University of Puerto Rico in 1944.
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Ramírez, Alonso, Norman Maldonado-Benítez, Ashley Mariani-Ríos, and Javier Figueroa-Santiago. "Dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) from Puerto Rico: a checklist with notes on distribution and habitat." PeerJ 8 (October 1, 2020): e9711. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9711.
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Background Conservation of tropical freshwater fauna requires a solid understanding of species biodiversity patterns. We provide an up to date annotated list of Odonata of Puerto Rico, which is based on current reports. The list is complemented with notes on the geographic and altitudinal distribution of this order on the island. We also compare current composition relative to early reports conducted when Puerto Rico was mostly an agricultural region. Methods We surveyed adult Odonata all over Puerto Rico with the aid of undergraduate students. Students were trained on capturing, preserving, and data basing specimens. All material was centralized, identified by the lead author, and deposited in the Zoology Museum at the University of Puerto Rico (MZUPR), Río Piedras campus. Surveys were complemented with focal collections by the authors and a literature review of published records for Puerto Rico and the Caribbean. We requested records from specialists to obtain the most complete list of species for the island. Results An annotated list of Odonata from Puerto Rico is presented, reporting 49 species distributed in two suborders and four families. We provide information on species distribution among municipalities and elevations around Puerto Rico. A historic list of species was developed for the 1930s-1940s, when agriculture covered most of Puerto Rico, based on literature and museum specimens. Both current and historic records are similar and suggest that the Odonata fauna is dominated by generalist species and has changed little since the agricultural period. Our list provides a point of reference to understand biodiversity patterns in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean and for assessing the effects of land use change on aquatic insect diversity.
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Aponte-García, Maribel, and Karen Orengo-Serra. "Building a Strategic Trade and Industrial Policy for Puerto Rico in the Context of Colonial Exclusion and Lack of a Development Strategy." Latin American Perspectives 47, no. 3 (April 17, 2020): 30–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x20911447.
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Given Puerto Rico’s colonial exclusion from Latin American and Caribbean regionalism and its ruling parties’ disregard for stimulating an industrial base of small and medium-sized local enterprises rather than U.S. multinational corporations, Puerto Rico needs to construct new pathways to inclusive socioeconomic development. One approach is articulating strategic and industrial policies to stimulate these enterprises from below by promoting value chains focused on exports or export potential. A proposed systematization draws on the experience gained in a project carried out under an agreement between the University of Puerto Rico and Puerto Rico’s Trade and Export Company to generate strategic export plans and map value chains for small and medium-sized enterprises. Dada la exclusión colonial de Puerto Rico del regionalismo latinoamericano y caribeño y el desprecio de sus partidos gobernantes por estimular una base industrial de pequeñas y medianas empresas locales en lugar de corporaciones multinacionales estadounidenses, Puerto Rico necesita construir nuevas vías hacia el desarrollo socioeconómico inclusivo. Un enfoque es articular políticas estratégicas e industriales para estimular a estas empresas desde abajo mediante la promoción de cadenas de valor centradas en las exportaciones o el potencial de exportación. La sistematización propuesta se basa en la experiencia adquirida en un proyecto llevado a cabo en virtud de un acuerdo entre la Universidad de Puerto Rico y la Compañía de Comercio y Exportación de Puerto Rico para generar planes estratégicos de exportación y mapear cadenas de valor para pequeñas y medianas empresas.
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Cruz-Cantillo, Yesenia. "A System Dynamics Approach to Humanitarian Logistics and the Transportation of Relief Supplies." International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 3, no. 3 (July 2014): 96–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2014070105.
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A system dynamics model was developed for the forecasting, prioritization, and distribution of critical supplies during relief operations in case of a hurricane event, while integrating GIS information. Data was obtained from operational reports gathered during Hurricane George from agencies such as: Puerto Rico Department of Housing (PRDOH), Puerto Rico National Guard (PRNG), Civil Defense State Agency of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico Department of Transportation and Public Works (PRDOTPW) and Puerto Rico Highway & Transportation Authority (PRHTA), along with reports from other U.S. agencies. Information about travel times, roadway classification, and geometric characteristics of the roads as well as the location of distribution centers, shelters, points of distribution and kitchens facilities were also gathered through visual field inspections and interviews with local residents. The model developed is able to (1) establish the people's decision and transportation characteristics that determine the time of evacuation; (2) simulate the behavior of key variables due to the relation between level of hazard and people's decision to evacuate; (3) estimate for each level of natural hazard the time frequency to order and the order size of each relief supply to be needed in shelters and points of distribution; and (4) reveal which routes cause more delays during distribution of relief supplies. It was demonstrated that the number of people that leave the disaster site increases despite their concerns about the road conditions and that a Category 3 hurricane will produce the higher amount of people that will evacuate.
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Schizas, Nikolaos. "Hurricane Maria and its Impact on the Zoological and Botanical Collections of the University of Puerto Rico." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (July 5, 2018): e26014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26014.
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With a total of more than 150,000 specimens, the 85-year old collections of insects and terrestrial, freshwater, and marine invertebrates of the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez (UPRM), western Puerto Rico, are among the most significant repositories for these groups in the Caribbean region. Located in Mayagüez and on Magueyes Island, these collections were created by outstanding insect and invertebrate specialists working in Puerto Rico and surrounding islands. Holdings are particularly strong in the Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Collembola, Crustacea, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Cnidaria. Collecting and curatorial activities, initiated in the 1920s, were maintained throughout the 1980s, resulting in many taxonomically and historically valuable records for the region. From 1990 to 2005, the invertebrate collections were increasingly neglected, with certain parts scattered throughout multiple buildings and rooms, inaccessible, or inadequately stored and at risk of becoming damaged or lost. The support for these collections was not sustained at high levels due to a variety of factors, including changes in the research profile of new academic appointments and the shortsightedness of administrators to fully understand the cultural, educational and scientific value of the museum holdings. With the exception of a federal grant through NSF - DBI (National Science Foundation - Biological Research Collections - PI Frantz - 2007-2010), which initiated a flurry of Museum related activities to improve the deteriorating museum facilities throughout the UPRM campus, the Museum collections are now facing even more challenges, some anthropogenic and very recently, some natural. Major Hurricane Maria (Category 4), delivered a devastating blow to the island of Puerto Rico on 20 September 2017. Both terrestrial and marine ecosystems were heavily impacted. Extensive structural damage to roads, telecommunications, water systems, the energy grid and approximately 60,000 houses/buildings made Hurricane Maria the most damaging Hurricane (estimated cost ~ 90 billion dollars) in the USA after Katrina and Harvey. Flooding caused by the direct impact of Hurricane Maria (5 to 40 inches of rain fell during the first 48 hours in Puerto Rico) and subsequent extensive loss of electricity caused unfavorable conditions for the collections. The University of Puerto Rico in Mayaguez closed for approximately 45 days and limited electricity, if any, was available through diesel generators. High levels of humidity and heat can cause further structural damage as well as favor the growth of fungus in enclosed areas of UPRM, including the Museums. Efforts to safeguard the collections will be outlined here to ensure the collections remain a valuable natural asset of the people of Puerto Rico as part of their natural patrimony and as an irreplaceable education tool.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 59, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1985): 73–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002078.
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-Stanley L. Engerman, B.W. Higman, Slave populations of the British Caribbean, 1807-1834. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, Johns Hopkins Studies in Atlantic History and Culture, 1984. xxxiii + 781 pp.-Susan Lowes, Gad J. Heuman, Between black and white: race, politics, and the free coloureds in Jamaica, 1792-1865. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, Contributions in Comparative Colonial Studies No. 5, 1981. 20 + 321 pp.-Anthony Payne, Lester D. Langley, The banana wars: an inner history of American empire, 1900-1934. Lexington KY: University Press of Kentucky, 1983. VIII + 255 pp.-Roger N. Buckley, David Geggus, Slavery, war and revolution: the British occupation of Saint Domingue, 1793-1798. New York: The Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, 1982. xli + 492 pp.-Gabriel Debien, George Breathett, The Catholic Church in Haiti (1704-1785): selected letters, memoirs and documents. Chapel Hill NC: Documentary Publications, 1983. xii + 202 pp.-Alex Stepick, Michel S. Laguerre, American Odyssey: Haitians in New York City. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1984. 198 pp-Andres Serbin, H. Michael Erisman, The Caribbean challenge: U.S. policy in a volatile region. Boulder CO: Westview Press, 1984. xiii + 208 pp.-Andres Serbin, Ransford W. Palmer, Problems of development in beautiful countries: perspectives on the Caribbean. Lanham MD: The North-South Publishing Company, 1984. xvii + 91 pp.-Carl Stone, Anthony Payne, The politics of the Caribbean community 1961-79: regional integration among new states. Oxford: Manchester University Press, 1980. xi + 299 pp.-Evelyne Huber Stephens, Michael Manley, Jamaica: struggle in the periphery. London: Third World Media, in association with Writers and Readers Publishing Cooperative Society, 1982. xi + 259 pp.-Rhoda Reddock, Epica Task Force, Grenada: the peaceful revolution. Washington D.C., 1982. 132 pp.-Rhoda Reddock, W. Richard Jacobs ,Grenada: the route to revolution. Havana: Casa de Las Americas, 1979. 157 pp., Ian Jacobs (eds)-Jacqueline Anne Braveboy-Wagner, Andres Serbin, Geopolitica de las relaciones de Venezuela con el Caribe. Caracas: Fundación Fondo Editorial Acta Cientifica Venezolana, 1983.-Idsa E. Alegria-Ortega, Jorge Heine, Time for decision: the United States and Puerto Rico. Lanham MD: North-South Publishing Co., 1983. xi + 303 pp.-Richard Hart, Edward A. Alpers ,Walter Rodney, revolutionary and scholar: a tribute. Los Angeles: Center for Afro-American Studies and African Studies Center, University of California, 1982. xi + 187 pp., Pierre-Michel Fontaine (eds)-Paul Sutton, Patrick Solomon, Solomon: an autobiography. Trinidad: Inprint Caribbean, 1981. x + 253 pp.-Paul Sutton, Selwyn R. Cudjoe, Movement of the people: essays on independence. Ithaca NY: Calaloux Publications, 1983. xii + 217 pp.-David Barry Gaspar, Richard Price, To slay the Hydra: Dutch colonial perspectives on the Saramaka wars. Ann Arbor MI: Karoma Publishers, 1983. 249 pp.-Gary Brana-Shute, R. van Lier, Bonuman: een studie van zeven religieuze specialisten in Suriname. Leiden: Institute of Cultural and Social Studies, ICA Publication no. 60, 1983. iii + 132 pp.-W. van Wetering, Charles J. Wooding, Evolving culture: a cross-cultural study of Suriname, West Africa and the Caribbean. Washington: University Press of America 1981. 343 pp.-Humphrey E. Lamur, Sergio Diaz-Briquets, The health revolution in Cuba. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1983. xvii + 227 pp.-Forrest D. Colburn, Ramesh F. Ramsaran, The monetary and financial system of the Bahamas: growth, structure and operation. Mona, Jamaica: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, 1984. xiii + 409 pp.-Wim Statius Muller, A.M.G. Rutten, Leven en werken van de dichter-musicus J.S. Corsen. Assen, The Netherlands: Van Gorcum, 1983. xiv + 340 pp.-Louis Allaire, Ricardo E. Alegria, Ball courts and ceremonial plazas in the West Indies. New Haven: Department of Anthropology of Yale University, Yale University Publications in Anthropology No. 79, 1983. lx + 185 pp.-Kenneth Ramchand, Sandra Paquet, The Novels of George Lamming. London: Heinemann, 1982. 132 pp.
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Morales, Evelyn, Radamés Aguayo, and Juan C. Villa. "Manufacturing tracking system at Hewlett Packard Puerto Rico." Computers & Industrial Engineering 33, no. 1-2 (October 1997): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-8352(97)00059-4.
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Lin, Guoqing, Victor A. Huerfano, and Wenyuan Fan. "Crustal Architecture of Puerto Rico Using Body-Wave Seismic Tomography and High-Resolution Earthquake Relocation." Seismological Research Letters 93, no. 2A (December 1, 2021): 555–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220210223.
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Abstract Puerto Rico is a highly seismically active island, where several damaging historical earthquakes have occurred and frequent small events persist. It situates at the boundary between the Caribbean and North American plates, featuring a complex fault system. Here, we investigate the seismotectonic crustal structure of the island by interpreting the 3D compressional-wave velocity VP and compressional- to shear-wave velocity ratio VP/VS models and by analyzing the distribution of the relocated earthquakes. The 3D velocity models are obtained by applying the simul2000 tomographic inversion algorithm based on the phase arrivals recorded by the Puerto Rico seismic network. We find high-VP and low-VP/VS anomalies in the eastern and central province between the Great Northern Puerto Rico fault zone and the Great Southern Puerto Rico fault zone, correlating with the Utuado pluton. Further, there are low-VP anomalies beneath both the Great Southern Puerto Rico fault zone and the South Lajas fault, indicating northerly dipping structures from the southwest to the northwest of the island. We relocate 19,095 earthquakes from May 2017 to April 2021 using the new 3D velocity model and waveform cross-correlation data. The relocated seismicity shows trends along the Investigator fault, the Ponce faults, the Guayanilla rift, and the Punta Montalva fault. The majority of the 2019–2021 Southwestern Puerto Rico earthquakes are associated with the Punta Montalva fault. Earthquakes forming 17° northward-dipping structures at various depths possibly manifest continuation of the Muertos trough, along which the Caribbean plate is being subducted beneath the Puerto Rico microplate. Our results show complex fault geometries of a diffuse fault network, suggesting possible subduction process accommodated by faults within a low-velocity zone.
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Joseph M. Wunderle, Jr. "Birds of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands." Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 35 (May 18, 2022): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.55431/jco.2022.35.47-49.
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BIRDS OF PUERTO RICO AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. Herbert A. Raffaele, Clive Petrovic, Sergio A Colón López, Lisa Yntema, and José A. Salguero Faria. 2021. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey. 224 pp. ISBN: 9780691211671. $24.95.
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Soto-Santiago, Sandra L. "“You have to learn the language of where you are”: language policies, ideologies, and the educational experiences of Puerto Rican transnational youth." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2024, no. 286 (March 1, 2024): 87–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2023-0023.
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Abstract Transnational movement to and from the United States is a social phenomenon that impacts all aspects of life in Puerto Rico. This includes language and education for minors who move back and forth between both locations. The present investigation focuses on the educational experiences of first-generation Puerto Rican transnational students in the public education system in Puerto Rico. The data presented are part of a larger ethnographic study conducted in two public schools in western Puerto Rico with transnational students and the analysis encompasses the language policies established for this student population and resources available to them as they adjusted to a new educational setting. Although translingual practices were the most effective source of support observed for participants in the study this option was not always available. Due to the lack of an efficient support system for transnational students in schools this responsibility was relayed to teachers and their decisions were primarily informed by their own language ideologies and their life experiences.
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Viltres, Renier, Adriano Nobile, Hannes Vasyura-Bathke, Daniele Trippanera, Wenbin Xu, and Sigurjón Jónsson. "Transtensional Rupture within a Diffuse Plate Boundary Zone during the 2020 Mw 6.4 Puerto Rico Earthquake." Seismological Research Letters 93, no. 2A (December 29, 2021): 567–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220210261.
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Abstract On 7 January 2020, an Mw 6.4 earthquake occurred in the northeastern Caribbean, a few kilometers offshore of the island of Puerto Rico. It was the mainshock of a complex seismic sequence, characterized by a large number of energetic earthquakes illuminating an east–west elongated area along the southwestern coast of Puerto Rico. Deformation fields constrained by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar and Global Navigation Satellite System data indicate that the coseismic movements affected only the western part of the island. To assess the mainshock’s source fault parameters, we combined the geodetically derived coseismic deformation with teleseismic waveforms using Bayesian inference. The results indicate a roughly east–west oriented fault, dipping northward and accommodating ∼1.4 m of transtensional motion. Besides, the determined location and orientation parameters suggest an offshore continuation of the recently mapped North Boquerón Bay–Punta Montalva fault in southwest Puerto Rico. This highlights the existence of unmapped faults with moderate-to-large earthquake potential within the Puerto Rico region.
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Sanchez, Jose M., and Paul H. L. Walter. "Academic Freedom and Tenure: The Catholic University of Puerto Rico." Academe 73, no. 3 (1987): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40249938.
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Díaz-Cabrero, Luis J., Julio E. Guzmán, Atilano León, and Jerónimo Guzmán. "Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Puerto Rico." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 69, no. 6 (June 2011): 1842–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2006.07.022.
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Romañach, Rodolfo J. "Group Profile: Analytical & Pharmaceutical Group, University of Puerto Rico." NIR news 23, no. 6 (September 2012): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/nirn.1325.
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Madewell, Zachary J., Alfonso C. Hernandez-Romieu, Joshua M. Wong, Laura D. Zambrano, Hannah R. Volkman, Janice Perez-Padilla, Dania M. Rodriguez, et al. "Sentinel Enhanced Dengue Surveillance System — Puerto Rico, 2012–2022." MMWR. Surveillance Summaries 73, no. 3 (May 30, 2024): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss7303a1.
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Harmsen, Eric W., John R. Mecikalski, Victor J. Reventos, Estefanía Álvarez Pérez, Sopuruchi S. Uwakweh, and Christie Adorno García. "Water and Energy Balance Model GOES-PRWEB: Development and Validation." Hydrology 8, no. 3 (August 3, 2021): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8030113.
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In 2009, the University of Alabama-Huntsville configured their GOES satellited-based solar radiation product to include Puerto Rico, the US Virgin Islands (USVI), Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, and Cuba. The half-hourly and daily integrated data are available at 1 km resolution for Puerto Rico and the USVI and 2 km for Hispaniola, Jamaica, and Cuba. These data made it possible to implement estimates of satellite radiation-based evapotranspiration methods on all of the islands. The use of the solar radiation data in combination with estimates of other climate parameters facilitated the development of a water and energy balance algorithm for Puerto Rico. The purpose of this paper is to describe the theoretical background and technical approach for estimating the components of the daily water and energy balance. The operational water and energy balance model is the first of its kind in Puerto Rico. Model validation results are presented for reference and actual evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and streamflow. Mean errors for all analyses were less than 7%. The water and energy balance model results can benefit such diverse fields as agriculture, ecology, coastal water management, human health, renewable energy development, water resources, drought monitoring, and disaster and emergency management. This research represents a preliminary step in developing a suite of gridded hydro-climate products for the Caribbean Region.
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Cromwell, Copeland W., Kevin P. Furlong, Eric A. Bergman, Harley M. Benz, Will L. Yeck, and Matthew Herman. "Seismotectonic Analysis of the 2019–2020 Puerto Rico Sequence: The Value of Absolute Earthquake Relocations in Improved Interpretations of Active Tectonics." Seismological Research Letters 93, no. 2A (December 8, 2021): 544–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220210238.
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Abstract We present a new catalog of calibrated earthquake relocations from the 2019–2020 Puerto Rico earthquake sequence related to the 7 January 2020 Mw 6.4 earthquake that occurred offshore of southwest Puerto Rico at a depth of 15.9 km. Utilizing these relocated earthquakes and associated moment tensor solutions, we can delineate several distinct fault systems that were activated during the sequence and show that the Mw 6.4 mainshock may have resulted from positive changes in Coulomb stress from earlier events. Seismicity and mechanisms define (1) a west–southwest (∼260°) zone of seismicity comprised of largely sinistral strike-slip and oblique-slip earthquakes that mostly occurs later in the sequence and to the west of the mainshock, (2) an area of extensional faulting that includes the mainshock and occurs largely within the mainshock’s rupture area, and (3) an north–northeast (∼30°)-striking zone of seismicity, consisting primarily of dextral strike-slip events that occurs before and following the mainshock and generally above (shallower than) the normal-faulting events. These linear features intersect within the Mw 6.4 mainshock’s fault plane in southwest Puerto Rico. In addition, we show that earthquake relocations for M 4+ normal-faulting events, when traced along their fault planes, daylight along east–west-trending bathymetric features offshore of southwest Puerto Rico. Correlation of these normal-faulting events with bathymetric features suggests an active fault system that may be a contributor to previously uncharacterized seismic hazards in southwest Puerto Rico.
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Jiménez-Mangual, Beatriz C., Darilys M. Cuevas-Acevedo, Nicole Quiles-Alves, Ileana Rodríguez-Nazario, and Kyle R. Melin. "Description of Patients Medications Needs and the Community Pharmacist’s Role in Puerto Rico Following a Natural Disaster." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 10 (January 2019): 215013271984270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150132719842701.
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Background: In September 2017, Puerto Rico was hit by Hurricane Maria, a natural disaster that caused devastation. Initial reports of disruption to the health care system were later followed by increases in the death toll in Puerto Rico. Objective: This project assessed patient medications needs, level of satisfaction with community pharmacy services, and perceptions about the role of the pharmacist during the emergency following Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico. Methodology: The investigation utilized a descriptive, cross-sectional design. Data were collected at 3 community pharmacies located in San Juan, Puerto Rico: Walgreens (Specialty Pharmacy and Store 891) and Farmacia Caridad #9. Patients receiving care at these locations were invited to complete a 10-item questionnaire. These were provided with an information sheet describing details of the study prior to participation. Results: Sixty-five patients participated in the study, with an average age of 59 years. The majority (77%) of the respondents reported problems related to their medications and nearly half (47.7%) reported having trouble either contacting or getting to their pharmacy following the hurricane. Regarding the role of pharmacists following a natural disaster, 94% of respondents reported the pharmacist was available to help them and 95% reported the information provided by the pharmacist was “trustworthy/very trustworthy.” Conclusion: Although the challenges reported in Puerto Rico with regard to medications following Hurricane Maria were significant, patients reported a high level of confidence in the ability of community pharmacists to help them.
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Heard, Irvin Renzell. "An Empirical Analysis of Mobile Learning Acceptance in Puerto Rico's Higher Learning Institutions." International Journal of Strategic Information Technology and Applications 8, no. 2 (April 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsita.2017040101.
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This empirical research article employs a quantitative research methodology based on existing research on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to model how college students in Puerto Rico perceive, accept and reject mobile learning technologies before university implementation. This study identifies the factors, perceptions, and attitudes of mobile learning acceptance at the individual level. The TAM themes included in this study are: attitude (A), behavioral intentions (BI), ease of access (EoA), ease of use (EoU), external influence (EI), quality of service (QoS), student readiness (SR), university support (US) and usefulness (U). The article's objective is to examine the determinants and behavioral intentions to use M-learning in higher learning institutions in Puerto Rico. By understanding the determinants, universities, and organizations that deliver educational content can develop intervention programs aimed at increasing user acceptance of M-learning.