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Journal articles on the topic 'Unsaturated ester'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Jargalsaikhan, U., S. Javzan, D. Selenge, D. Nedelcheva, S. Philipov, and J. Nadmid. "Fatty acids and their esters from Cicuta virosa L." Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 14 (October 3, 2014): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v14i0.203.

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n-Hexane and chloroform fractions of aerial parts and roots of Cicuta virosa L. were investigated by GC-MS. As a result of the study 25 fatty acids and their esters have been identified. Two unsaturated esters such as linoleic acid ethyl ester (IX, 16.66%), and n- hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (VII, 10.12%), the fatty acid n-hexadecanioc acid (VI, 8.10%) made up the bulk of the aerial parts. Four unsaturated esters such as linoleic acid ethyl ester (IX, 10.15%), dibutylphthalate (XII, 9.55%), n-hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (VII, 8.19%) and 9, 12, 15 - octadecatrienoic acid ethyl ester (X, 5.9

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2

Penczek, Piotr, Jagolip Sodhi, and Ryszard Ostrysz. "Unsaturated ester resins." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 101, no. 4 (2006): 2627–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.24231.

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3

Tan, Mélissa, Yanis Caro, Juliana Lebeau та ін. "Screening for Volatile α-Unsaturated Ester-Producing Yeasts from the Feces of Wild Animals in South Africa". Life 12, № 12 (2022): 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12121999.

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α-unsaturated esters are fruity-aromatic compounds which are largely spread in the volatilome of many different fruits, but they are rarely found in the volatilome of yeasts. The yeast S. suaveolens has been recently shown to produce relatively high amounts of α-unsaturated esters and it appears to be an interesting model for the production of these compounds. This study aimed to isolate new α-unsaturated ester-producing yeasts by focusing on strains displaying a similar metabolism to S. suaveolens. While the production of α-unsaturated esters by S. suaveolens is believed to be closely related

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4

Sawada, Kazutaka, and Hiroshi Kitagaki. "Residual mitochondrial transmembrane potential decreases unsaturated fatty acid level in sake yeast during alcoholic fermentation." PeerJ 4 (January 14, 2016): e1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1552.

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Oxygen, a key nutrient in alcoholic fermentation, is rapidly depleted during this process. Several pathways of oxygen utilization have been reported in the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeduring alcoholic fermentation, namely synthesis of unsaturated fatty acid, sterols and heme, and the mitochondrial electron transport chain. However, the interaction between these pathways has not been investigated. In this study, we showed that the major proportion of unsaturated fatty acids of ester-linked lipids in sake fermentation mash is derived from the sake yeast rather than from rice or koji (rice ferme

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5

van ALEBEEK, Gert-Jan W. M., Katrien van SCHERPENZEEL, Gerrit BELDMAN, Henk A. SCHOLS, and Alphons G. J. VORAGEN. "Partially esterified oligogalacturonides are the preferred substrates for pectin methylesterase of Aspergillus niger." Biochemical Journal 372, no. 1 (2003): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20021471.

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Investigations on the mode of action of Aspergillus niger pectin methylesterase (PME) towards differently C6- and C1-substituted oligogalacturonides (oligoGalpA) are described. De-esterification of methyl-esterified (un)saturated oligoGalpA proceeds via a specific pattern, depending on the degree of polymerization. Initially, a first methyl ester of the oligomer is hydrolysed, resulting in one free carboxyl group. Subsequently, this first product is preferred as a substrate and is de-esterified for a second time. This product is then accumulated and hereafter de-esterified further to the final

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6

Huang, Sheng-Han, Wan-Yu Huang, Guo-Lun Zhang та Te-Fang Yang. "Facile Synthesis of 3-Substituted Thiazolo[2,3-α]tetrahydroisoquinolines". Molecules 26, № 20 (2021): 6126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206126.

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It was found that 4-hydroxy-2-butenoic ester (11) could not react with 3,4-dihydro-isoquinoline (4a). Individual addition reactions of γ-mercapto-α,β-unsaturated esters (18) and -unsaturated amide (19) with 3,4-dihydroisoquinolines (4) were carried out under appropriate conditions to provide the corresponding thiazolo[2,3-α]isoquinoline derivatives with good yields (up to 87%) and significant diastereomeric selectivity. The mechanism of the crucial reaction was discussed.

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7

Al-Jabir, Haider, Majid Ibrahim, and Abdulla Abdulla. "The Detection of Bioactive Compounds in Hemp Seed Oil Using GC-MS Techniques." International Journal of Biological Engineering and Agriculture 3, no. 4 (2024): 448–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51699/ijbea.v3i4.88.

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The study was conducted in the Laboratories of the College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Iraq in 2023 to detect the bioactive compounds in hemp seed oil using GC-MS technology. The detection device by GC-MS showed 33 bioactive compounds in hemp seed oil. The results indicate that hemp seed oil contained 16 unsaturated fatty acids. It was found that the content of hemp seed oil was high in the two unsaturated fatty acids, Linoleic acid methyl ester and Oleic acid methyl ester. The peak area percentage of these two unsaturated fatty acids was about 44.15% and 37.45%, respectively. The tw

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8

Srivastava, Akanksha. "CURING AND DEGRADATION BEHAVIOR OF VINYL ESTERS OF CYCLOALIPHATIC EPOXY RESINS." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 03 (2022): 944–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14475.

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Curing and degradation behavior of two unsaturated esters based on cycloaliphatic epoxy resin containing glycidyl epoxy group (C1E) and epoxy cyclohexane group (C2E)were studied using DSC and TGA Techniques. DSC thermograms of ester C1E and C2E mixed with reactive styrene (40% w/w) and initiator benzoyl peroxide (2%) shows that the curing of ester C2E takes place at higher temperature range in comparison to C1E due to their dense rigid structure. The degradation behavior of cured esters are studied using thermal analyst 2000 equipped with 2950 thermal gravimetric analysis at heating rate 100C

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9

Srivastava, Akanksha. "CURING AND DEGRADATION BEHAVIOR OF VINYL ESTERS OF CYCLOALIPHATIC EPOXY RESINS." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 03 (2022): 944–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14475.

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Curing and degradation behavior of two unsaturated esters based on cycloaliphatic epoxy resin containing glycidyl epoxy group (C1E) and epoxy cyclohexane group (C2E)were studied using DSC and TGA Techniques. DSC thermograms of ester C1E and C2E mixed with reactive styrene (40% w/w) and initiator benzoyl peroxide (2%) shows that the curing of ester C2E takes place at higher temperature range in comparison to C1E due to their dense rigid structure. The degradation behavior of cured esters are studied using thermal analyst 2000 equipped with 2950 thermal gravimetric analysis at heating rate 100C

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10

Hanessian, Stephen, Daljit S. Dhanoa та Pierre L. Beaulieu. "Synthesis of carbocycles from ω-substituted α,β-unsaturated esters via radical-induced cyclizations". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 65, № 8 (1987): 1859–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v87-312.

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The intramolecular radical cyclization of ω-bromo α,β-unsaturated esters for the synthesis of carbocyclic compounds is described. The effect of carbon chain substituents, the bulk of the ester group, and the olefin geometry were examined. The highest level of stereoselectivity (trans/cis: 9/1) was achieved with the Z ester via an exo cyclization. The sequential radical cyclization of a dihalodienoate to give a cis-fused bicyclic structure is also described.

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11

Santoso, Aman, Novita Agustin, Sumari Sumari, et al. "Synthesis of methyl esters from palm oil, candlenut oil, and sunflower seed oil and their corrosion phenomena on iron nail." AIMS Materials Science 9, no. 5 (2022): 719–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022044.

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<abstract> <p>Biodiesel products show corrosive properties. Biodiesel contains components of saturated and unsaturated esters which tend to be unstable, sensitive to light, temperature, and metal ions. Thus, the study aims to synthesize biodiesel from various vegetable oils (palm oil, sunflower seed oil, and candlenut oil), and to analyze its corrosiveness to ferrous nails and characterization of biodiesel. The research stages were: synthesis of methyl ester and its characterization, and corrosion test. The results showed that the methyl ester characteristics of the samples meet re

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12

Touafek, Ouassila, Zahia Kabouche, Joël Boustie, and Christian Bruneau. "A New Long-Chain Unsaturated Ester and Other Constituents of Hypericum tomentosum." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 1 (2012): 1934578X1200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200700123.

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Three long-chain unsaturated esters (1-3), a fatty acid (4), a fatty ester (5), phytone (6) and a phloroglucinol (hyperfoliatin) (7) were isolated from the light petroleum extract of the endemic species Hypericum tomentosum L. (Clusiaceae). Compound 2, 8,10,13-trimethyltetradecanoic acid (2E)-3-methylhexadec-2-enyl ester, which we named tomentosate, is reported for the first time. The structures of the identified compounds were established on the basis of physical and spectroscopic analysis, and by comparison with literature data.

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13

Han, Nian Feng, De Jie Zhou, and Xin De Tang. "Self-Crosslinking and Cocrosslinking with Styrene of the Unsaturated Poly(silyl ester) and Characteristics of the Crosslinked Product." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.113.

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The unsaturated poly(silyl ester) has been prepared by the polycondensation reaction of 1, 3-dichloro-tetramethyldisiloxane with di-tert-butyl fumarate. To investigate the crosslinking reaction of the unsaturated poly(silyl ester), poly(tetramethyl disilyloxyl fumarate) was self-crosslinked and cocrosslinked with styrene in the presence of 2, 2'-azobis(isobutyronitri1e) (AIBN) as a radical initiator. After the crosslinking, the unsaturated poly(silyl ester)s, which were viscous liquids, turned into solid products. The characterization of the poly(silyl ester) and the crosslinked product includ

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14

Strickler, Rick R., John M. Motto, Craig C. Humber та Adrian L. Schwan. "Stereospecific Grignard reactions of cholesteryl 1-alkenesulfinate esters: Application of the Andersen Protocol to the preparation of non-racemic α,β-unsaturated sulfoxides". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 81, № 6 (2003): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v03-002.

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Enantiomerically enriched α,β-unsaturated sulfinate esters of ()-cholesterol undergo stereospecific substitutions at sulfur when treated in benzene at 6°C with Grignard reagents. Sulfoxides with ees of 8599.5% are obtained when enantiopure sulfinates are used. The substitution reactions proceed with inversion of sulfur configuration. Enantiomerically pure cholesteryl (E)-2-carbomethoxyethenesulfinate is not a suitable reactant under the Grignard reaction conditions. It is suggested that the ester group induces unwanted reactions significantly lowering both the yield and sulfur stereogenicity

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15

Chen, Lian-Mei, Tai-Ran Kang, Zhi-Hui Liu, Xu-Feng Nie та Xiao-Qiang Guo. "Straightforward Synthesis of Triester-Substituted Pyrrolizidines by a Three-Component Reaction of β,γ-Unsaturated α-Keto Esters, Proline, and Maleates". Synlett 29, № 18 (2018): 2390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611061.

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A three-component reaction of β,γ-unsaturated α-keto esters, proline, and dialkyl maleates has been developed. This reaction provides pyrrolizidine derivatives containing three ester groups and a styrenyl group, as well as a quaternary center, in moderate to good yields and with good to excellent diastereoselectivities.

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16

Pragnesh, N. Dave, and N. Patel Nikul. "Interacting blends of acrylated poly(ester-amide)s containing epoxy residues with vinyl ester resin." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 88, Jul 2011 (2011): 953–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785077.

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Department of Chemistry,· K. S. K. V. Kachchh University, Mandavi Road, Bhuj-370 001, Gujarat, India <em>E-mail </em>: pragneshdave@gmail.com Fax : 91-02832-2350002 Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India <em>Manuscript received 26 July 2010, revised 26 October 2010, accepted 13 December 2010</em> Unsaturated bisamic acids were prepared by reaction between maleic anhydride and different aliphatic diamines. Unsaturated poly(ester-amide) resin (UPEAs) were prepared by reaction or diglycidyl ether of

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17

Chen, Xiu, Lei Chen, Yin Nan Yuan, Yong Bin Lai, Xing Qiao, and Ling Ling Cai. "Combustion Characteristics of Biodiesel Derived from Palm and Rapeseed Oil." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 1633–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.1633.

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The chemical composition of palm and rapeseed biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester, FAME) was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Combustion characteristics of biodiesel were studied by thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry and collision theory. Combustion characteristic index C was put forward for describing biodiesel combustion characteristic. The reactive atom combustion mechanism was put forward. Biodiesel combustion process comprised three steps, viz., volatilizing, dissociating and combining. First, biodiesel volatilizes, viz., FAME (liquid) volatilize and became

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18

Sun, Jia Ying, Yan Qing Li, Wei Tian, and Cheng Yan Zhu. "Study on the Resin Curing Time and the Mechanical Properties of the Composites." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.33.

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In order to study the curing characteristics of common resins including bisphenol-A epoxy vinyl ester resin, phenolic epoxy vinyl ester resin and unsaturated polyester resin, the curing time of three resins was tested using cobalt naphthenate as accelerator and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide as curing agent. The results showed that the resin curing time reduces with the experimental temperature rising; in order to control the curing time at about 25 minutes when the experimental temperature is 23°C, the curing agent adding proportion of bisphenol-A epoxy vinyl ester resin, unsaturated polyester

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19

Trost, Barry M., Zhijun Zuo, Johnathan E. Schultz, Nagaraju Anugula та Katherine A. Carr. "A borane-mediated palladium-catalyzed reductive allylic alkylation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds". Chemical Science 11, № 8 (2020): 2136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sc05970a.

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20

PARIMAL, C. SEN, DUTTA J, and GHOSH AMITABHA. "Lipid Composition of Parshey Roe (Mugil parsia)." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 74, Jun 1997 (1997): 470–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5880737.

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Department of Chemistry, Bose Institute, Calcutta-700 009 <em>Manuscript received 13 December 1995 revised 29 March 1996, accepted 10 May 1996</em> The roe lipid of parshey <em>(Mugil parshey), </em>a salt water fish belonging to the group-mullet, is found to contain high level of lipid, a large level of which is wax ester. The amount of triglycerides and phospholipids present in roe lipid is low. In total lipid, neutral lipid and phospholipid, unsaturated fatty acids of varying chain-length are present, whereas wax ester contains less unsaturated fatty acids and mostly saturated long chain al

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21

Carlson, Charles G., Judith E. Hall, Yan Y. Huang, Sirpa Kotila, Arvi Rauk, and Donald F. Tavares. "The preparation of esters of formic acid using boron oxide." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 10 (1987): 2461–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v87-411.

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Boron oxide has been found to act as an efficient reagent in the preparation of a number of formate esters by the direct esterification of formic acid with the alcohol. The reaction is most appropriate for primary and secondary alcohols, including unsaturated alcohols. The formate ester so produced is free of contamination by unreacted alcohol.

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22

Loreto, M. Antonietta, Federica Pompei, Paolo A. Tardella та Daniela Tofani. "β,γ-Unsaturated α-amino ester derivatives by amination of γ-silylated α,β-unsaturated esters". Tetrahedron 53, № 46 (1997): 15853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4020(97)10045-x.

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23

Kawiński, Adam, Magdalena Miklaszewska, Szymon Stelter, Bartosz Głąb, and Antoni Banaś. "Lipases of germinating jojoba seeds efficiently hydrolyze triacylglycerols and wax esters and display wax ester-synthesizing activity." BMC Plant Biology 21, no. 1 (2021): 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02823-4.

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<strong>Background: </strong> <i>Simmondsia chinensis</i> (jojoba) is the only plant known to store wax esters instead of triacylglycerols in its seeds. Wax esters are composed of very-long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids and fatty alcohols and constitute up to 60% of the jojoba seed weight. During jojoba germination, the first step of wax ester mobilization is catalyzed by lipases. To date, none of the jojoba lipase-encoding genes have been cloned and characterized. In this study, we monitored mobilization of storage reserves during germination of jojoba seeds and performed detailed charact

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24

Ochiai, Hirofumi, Yoshinao Tamaru, Kazunori Tsubaki, and Zenichi Yoshida. "Unsaturated ester synthesis via copper(I)-catalyzed allylation of zinc esters." Journal of Organic Chemistry 52, no. 19 (1987): 4418–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00228a059.

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25

Moustafa, Moustafa Sherief, Saleh Mohammed Al-Mousawi, Maghraby Ali Selim, Ahmed Mohamed Mosallam, and Mohamed Hilmy Elnagdi. "Organobase-catalyzed three-component reactions for the synthesis of 4H-2-aminopyrans, condensed pyrans and polysubstituted benzenes." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 10 (January 14, 2014): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.10.11.

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Novel routes for the preparation of 2-amino-4H-pyran-3-carbonitrile 9, amino-arylbenzoic acid ester derivatives 13a,b, 2-aminotetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile 18, 3-amino-4-cyanotetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid ester 26 and 4-amino-3,5-dicyanophthalic acid ester derivatives 37a–c were developed. The synthetic methods utilize one-pot reactions of acetylene carboxylic acid esters, α,β-unsaturated nitriles and/or active methylenenitriles in the presence of L-proline or DABCO. Plausible mechanisms are suggested for the formation of the products. Finally, these compounds were used for t

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26

Jayanty, Sastry, Jun Song, Nicole M. Rubinstein, Andrés Chong, and Randolph M. Beaudry. "Temporal Relationship between Ester Biosynthesis and Ripening Events in Bananas." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 127, no. 6 (2002): 998–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.127.6.998.

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The temporal relationship between changes in ethylene production, respiration, skin color, chlorophyll fluorescence, volatile ester biosynthesis, and expression of ACC oxidase (ACO) and alcohol acyl-CoA transferase (AAT) in ripening banana (Musa L. spp., AAA group, Cavendish subgroup. `Valery') fruit was investigated at 22 °C. Ethylene production rose to a peak a few hours after the onset of its logarithmic phase; the peak in production coincided with maximal ACO expression. The respiratory rise began as ethylene production increased, reaching its maximum ≈30 to 40 hours after ethylene product

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27

Hennessy, Mary C., Hirenkumar Gandhi та Timothy P. O’Sullivan. "Organocatalytic Asymmetric Peroxidation of γ,δ-Unsaturated β-Keto Esters—A Novel Route to Chiral Cycloperoxides". Molecules 28, № 11 (2023): 4317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28114317.

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A methodology for the asymmetric peroxidation of γ,δ-unsaturated β-keto esters is presented. Using a cinchona-derived organocatalyst, the target δ-peroxy-β-keto esters were obtained in high enantiomeric ratios of up to 95:5. Additionally, these δ-peroxy esters can be readily reduced to chiral δ-hydroxy-β-keto esters without impacting the β-keto ester functionality. Importantly, this chemistry opens up a concise route to chiral 1,2-dioxolanes, a common motif in many bioactive natural products, via a novel P2O5-mediated cyclisation of the corresponding δ-peroxy-β-hydroxy esters.

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28

Zhou, De Jie, Nian Feng Han, and Xin De Tang. "Preparation and Characterization of Degradable Poly(silyl ester) and the Self-Crosslinking Reaction of Poly(silyl ester) without Solvent." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 862–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.862.

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The new poly(silyl ester) has been prepared by the polycondensation reaction of 1,5-dichloro-1,1,5,5-tetramethyl-3,3-diphenyl-trisi1oxane with di-tert-butyl fumarate by the elimination of tert-butyl chloride as a driving force. To investigate the self-crosslinking reaction of the unsaturated poly(silyl ester), poly(1,1,5,5-tetramethyl-3,3-diphenyltrisiloxane) was self- crosslinked in the presence of 2, 2'-azobis(isobutyronitri1e) (AIBN) as a radical initiator without solvent. After the self-crosslinking, the unsaturated poly(silyl ester), which was viscous liquids, turned into solid product. T

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29

Vergara-Juarez, Fabiola, Jesus Porcayo-Calderon, Juan Pablo Perez-Orozco, Macdiel Emilio Acevedo-Quiroz, Victoria Bustos-Terrones, and Alfredo Quinto-Hernandez. "Corrosion Induced on Aluminum by Biodiesel Components in Non-Oxygen Environments." Materials 17, no. 8 (2024): 1821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17081821.

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Biodiesel is a mixture of saturated and unsaturated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs) whose composition affects the corrosion behavior of metal containers during storage. This study examines the effect of the C=C bond present in selected FAMEs (Methyl Stearate, Methyl Oleate, and Methyl Linoleate) in aluminum corrosion in the absence of oxygen. First, mass loss assays were carried out at 100, 200, and 280 °C for 1000 h using pure Methyl Stearate (MS), 5% Methyl Oleate in Methyl Stearate (MS-5% MO), and 5% Methyl Linoleate in Methyl Stearate (MS-5% ML). Next, chemical changes in FAMEs were studi

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30

Ashraf-Khorassani, M., N. Nazem, LT Taylor, and WM Coleman. "Isolation, Fractionation, and Identification of Sucrose Esters from Various Oriental Tobaccos Employing Supercritical Fluids." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 23, no. 1 (2008): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0846.

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AbstractIsolation, fractionation, and identification of sucrose esters from aged oriental tobacco employing supercritical fluids have been completed. Underivatized sucrose ester-rich extracts were obtained using supercritical CO2 at densities greater than 0.73 g/mL. Lower density CO2 provided extracts with notable amounts of tobacco derived material; yet, no detectable sucrose ester content. Preparative supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) provided for an additional purification of the sucrose ester-enriched fraction after column optimization. Structural assignments of the SFC fractions we

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31

O’Shea, Donal, Manas Das, Atul Manvar, Ian Fox, and Dilwyn Roberts. "Bu4N+-Controlled Addition and Olefination with Ethyl 2-(Trimethylsilyl)acetate via Silicon Activation." Synlett 28, no. 18 (2017): 2401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1588805.

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Catalytic Bu4NOAc as silicon activator of ethyl 2-(trimethylsilyl)acetate, in THF, was utilized for the synthesis of β-hydroxy esters, whereas employing catalytic Bu4NOTMS gave α,β-unsaturated esters. The established reaction conditions were applicable to a diverse range of aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic aldehydes and ketones. Reactions were achieved at room temperature without taking any of the specialized precautions that are in place for other organometallics. A stepwise olefination pathway via silylated β-hydroxy esters with subsequent elimination to form the α,β-unsaturated ester has

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32

Manurung, Hana Melyana Pertiwi, Juliati Br Tarigan, and Cut Fatimah Zuhra. "Study of Esterification between Oleic Acid and 2-Ethyl Hexanol by using the Microwave Method." International Journal of Ecophysiology 5, no. 2 (2023): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v5i2.13601.

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Oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid, has a rancid odor and the main component of palm oil. To increase the value of oleic acid which has a C18 chain, it has the potential as a raw material for making long chain fatty acid esters. This fatty acid ester from vegetable oil is an emollient ester which is biodegradable which was synthesized with 2-ethyl hexanol using the Microwave method. In the last ten years, the microwave method has been widely used in organic synthesis. This esterification reaction was carried out using a modified home microwave by making a hole on top as a place for the ba

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33

Tasić, Ana, Jelena D. Rusmirović, Jovana Nikolić, et al. "Effect of the vinyl modification of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the performances of waste poly(ethylene terephthalate)-based nanocomposites." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 4 (2016): 491–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316648757.

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Production of high-performance nanocomposite materials obtained from unsaturated polyester resin, based on products of the waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) recycling, and modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes is presented. Di-hydroxy functional glycolysates, synthesized by catalytic depolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) with propylene glycol, were used for the unsaturated polyester resin synthesis. The structure of the obtained glycolysis product and unsaturated polyester resin were characterized by using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, and by acid, iodine, and hydroxyl value. Nanofil

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34

Saerens, S. M. G., F. Delvaux, K. J. Verstrepen, P. Van Dijck, J. M. Thevelein, and F. R. Delvaux. "Parameters Affecting Ethyl Ester Production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae during Fermentation." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 2 (2007): 454–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01616-07.

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ABSTRACT Volatile esters are responsible for the fruity character of fermented beverages and thus constitute a vital group of aromatic compounds in beer and wine. Many fermentation parameters are known to affect volatile ester production. In order to obtain insight into the production of ethyl esters during fermentation, we investigated the influence of several fermentation variables. A higher level of unsaturated fatty acids in the fermentation medium resulted in a general decrease in ethyl ester production. On the other hand, a higher fermentation temperature resulted in greater ethyl octano

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35

Rambharose, Sanjeev, Rahul S. Kalhapure, Krishnacharya G. Akamanchi, and Thirumala Govender. "Novel dendritic derivatives of unsaturated fatty acids as promising transdermal permeation enhancers for tenofovir." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 3, no. 32 (2015): 6662–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tb00957j.

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Hao, Lin, Xingkuan Chen, Shaojin Chen, Ke Jiang, Jaume Torres та Yonggui Robin Chi. "Access to pyridines via DMAP-catalyzed activation of α-chloro acetic ester to react with unsaturated imines". Org. Chem. Front. 1, № 2 (2014): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3qo00045a.

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Wang, Gang, Yiming Xu, Suojiang Zhang, Zengxi Li та Chunshan Li. "An ionic liquid catalyzed probase method for one-pot synthesis of α,β-unsaturated esters from esters and aldehydes under mild conditions". Green Chemistry 19, № 20 (2017): 4838–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7gc02265d.

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38

Kasal, Alexander, та Jaroslav Zajíček. "Spontaneous transannular reaction in Δ9-unsaturated A-homo-B,19-dinorsteroids". Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 54, № 5 (1989): 1327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19891327.

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The epoxidation of 3β-hydroxy derivatives of Δ9-unsaturated A-homo-B,19-dinorsteroids (type I-IV) proceeds with spontaneous participation of the 3β-hydroxyl under formation of transannular 9α-hydroxy-3β,10β-oxides IX, X, XV and XVII. Epoxidation of the corresponding esters V-VIII affords predominantly 9α,10α-epoxides XIV, XVI, XVIII and XIX which, after hydrolysis of the ester groups are also converted into the transannular 3β,10β-oxides of the type IX.

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Lynch, MJ, J. Simpson, and RT Weavers. "Diiodo Acetals and Unsaturated Lactones From Dihydropyran." Australian Journal of Chemistry 46, no. 2 (1993): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9930203.

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Reaction of dihydropyran with propiolic acid and N- iodosuccinimide gave an iodo ester which was cyclized under free-radical conditions to form an (E) iodomethylene lactone. Photolysis of this lactone could be controlled to generate mixtures of (E) and (Z) iodomethylene lactones, or alternatively the iodine-free methylene lactone. The structures of some by-products of the iodo ester formation have been shown to be a succinimide derivative and two stereoisomers of a diiodo acetal. X-Ray determination of the structure of one of the diiodo acetal isomers is described.

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Wardhana, Yoga W., Nuur Aanisah, Iyan Sopyan, Rini Hendriani, and Anis Y. Chaerunisaa. "Gelling Power Alteration on Kappa-Carrageenan Dispersion through Esterification Method with Different Fatty Acid Saturation." Gels 8, no. 11 (2022): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8110752.

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The physicochemical properties of κ-carrageenan gels and their ester forms derived from different fatty-acid saturations were characterized and compared with those of native κ-carrageenan. Furthermore, stearic and oleic acids were used as the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirmed the introduction of the ester into the κ-carrageenan backbone. The thermogravimetric analysis showed that thermal stability increased along with the level of unsaturation, but there was a decrease in viscosity, hardness, and syneresis, which caused the

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LORETO, M. A., F. POMPEI, P. A. TARDELLA та D. TOFANI. "ChemInform Abstract: β,γ-Unsaturated α-Amino Ester Derivatives by Amination of γ-Silylated α,β-Unsaturated Esters." ChemInform 29, № 10 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199810082.

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Echeverri, David Alexander, Luis Alberto Rios, and Juan Miguel Marín. "Synthesising unsaturated fatty alcohols from fatty methyl esters using catalysts based on ruthenium and tin supported on alumina." Ingeniería e Investigación 31, no. 1 (2011): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v31n1.20528.

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Most promising catalysts for synthesising unsaturated fatty alcohols are based on group 8 metals with a promoter like tin, because the process can be carried out in moderate conditions, and these metals are less toxic than chromium. There have been no reports about the use of this catalyst to date using raw materials like methyl ester blends or evaluation reusing catalysts. This paper presents the hydrogenation of methyl esters from palm oil and commercial methyl oleate with Ru-Sn/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by impregnation, at moderate pressure and temperature (5 MPa and 270°C). Greater selectiv

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Martínez, Araceli, Mikhail A. Tlenkopatchev, Selena Gutiérrez, Manuel Burelo, Joel Vargas, and Enrique Jiménez-Regalado. "Synthesis of Unsaturated Esters by Cross-Metathesis of Terpenes and Natural Rubber Using Ru-Alkylidene Catalysts." Current Organic Chemistry 23, no. 12 (2019): 1356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272823666190723125427.

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This study reports the cross-metathesis of bicyclic &#946;-pinene, acyclic cis-3- methylpent-2-ene terpenes and the natural rubber with functionalized olefins, a route for the functionalization of the carbon-carbon double bond of natural products to obtain aliphatic unsaturated esters. The production of unsaturated esters from &#946;-pinene and cis-3- methylpent-2-ene via cross-metathesis reaction with dimethyl maleate and diethyl maleate in the presence of the ruthenium-alkylidene [Ru(Cl)2(=CHPh)(1,3-bis(2,4,6- trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolidinylidene)(PCy3)] (I), [Ru(Cl)2(=CH(o-isoprop

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Lai, Yong Bin, Yu Qi Zhang, Xiu Chen, et al. "Reduce Cold Filter Plugging Point and Kinematic Viscosity of Cottonseed-Based Biodiesel Fuel." Advanced Materials Research 1033-1034 (October 2014): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1033-1034.129.

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The chemical compositions, cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and kinematic viscosity of cottonseed methyl ester (CSME) are investigated. Through blending with-10 petrodiesel (-10PD) and treating with Flow Fit, the CFPP and kinematic viscosity of CSME are improved. The study shows that CSME is mainly composed of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), and the contents of saturated fatty acid methyl ester (SFAME) and unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester (UFAME) were 27.69% and 71.65% respectively. The CFPP and kinematic viscosity (40 °C) of CSME are-1 °C and 4.63 mm2/s respectively. Blending with-10PD d

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Haraguchi, Ryosuke, Tatsuro Yamazaki, Koki Torita, Tatsuki Ito та Shin-ichi Fukuzawa. "Planar-chiral ferrocene-based triazolylidene copper complexes: synthesis, characterization, and catalysis in asymmetric borylation of α,β-unsaturated ester". Dalton Transactions 49, № 48 (2020): 17578–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0dt03213a.

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Ho, Guo-Ming, and Yu-Jang Li. "Stereoselective synthesis of 2,3,4-highly substituted oxetanes by intramolecular C–C bond forming Michael addition." Chemical Communications 52, no. 81 (2016): 12108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc06857j.

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Huang, Yange, Florian Berthiol, Bart Stegink, Michael M Pollard та Adriaan J Minnaard. "Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α,β-Unsaturated Ester- Phosphonates". Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis 351, № 9 (2009): 1423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsc.200900051.

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Collins, DJ, LM Downes, and M. Kyriakou. "Enolic Ortho Esters. III. Preparation of a Keto Acetal by Hydride Reduction of an Enolic Ortho Ester." Australian Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 9 (1989): 1617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9891617.

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Lithium aluminium hydride reduction of the enolic ortho ester 4′,4′-dimethyl-3,4,5,8-tetra-hydrospiro [2H-l-benzopyran-2,21-[1,3]dioxolan] (8) in the absence of solvent gave 6-[21-(4″,4″- dimethyl-1″,3″-dioxolan-2″-yl)ethyl]cyclohex-3-en-1-one (11) which was isomerized to the α'β-unsaturated keto acetal (10). Similarly, hydride reduction of the phenolic ortho ester 4′-methyl-3,4-dihydrospiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2′-[1,3]dioxolan] (12a) and the 4′,4′-dimethyl analogue (12b), afforded the corresponding phenolic acetals (14a) and (14b) respectively, in high yields.′

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Balcar, Hynek, Alena Dosedlová, and Bohumír Matyska. "Interactions of tungsten hexachloride with esters of carboxylic acids." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 4 (1986): 753–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19860753.

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The interactions of tungsten chlorides and oxychlorides with methyl 10-undecenoate, methyl palmitate and methyl acetate, respectively, have been investigated by UV-VIS, IR and EPR spectroscopic methods. The primary complex formed by coordination of the carbonyl group to WCl6 is converted successively to an analogical, very stable complex WOCl4.ester under the simultaneous formation of acyl chloride and methyl chloride. In the case of methyl undecenoate, the coordination reaction is accompanied by a partial reduction of WCl6 to WCl5. The latter reacts with the ester in excess to give a complex

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Villanueva-Kasis, Oscar, Denisse A. de Loera, Sandra L. Castañón-Alonso та ін. "Efficient Synthesis of New α-β-Unsaturated Alkyl-Ester Peptide-Linked Chiral Amines". Proceedings 9, № 1 (2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-22-05769.

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Four new α-β-unsaturated alkyl-ester chiral amines were synthesized in excellent yields (77–95%) via peptide couplings from their corresponding α-β-unsaturated alkyl-ester anilines and N-Boc protected chiral aminoacids. To our delight, these polyfunctionalized compounds are being used as starting reagents in Ugi-type three-component reactions (Ugi-3CR) together with alkyl- and aryl-aldehydes and a chain-ring tautomerizable amino acid-containing isocyanide to synthesize novel oxazole-based macrocycle precursors. Thus, the aim of this communication is to show our most recent results of the synth

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