Academic literature on the topic 'Upper Echelon Theory (1984)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Upper Echelon Theory (1984)"
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Da’as, Rima’a. "Teachers’ skill flexibility." International Journal of Educational Management 33, no. 2 (February 4, 2019): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-12-2017-0382.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine a model linking school principals’ strategic, interpersonal skills and teachers’ participation in decision making (PDM) to predict teachers’ skill flexibility (SF) during the implementation of educational reform. Design/methodology/approach From 113 randomly selected elementary schools in Israel that had undergone a reform called “New Horizon,” 1,482 teachers participated in the study. Data were analyzed through the multilevel structural equation modeling. Findings Results showed that only principals’ strategic skills lead to teachers’ PDM, which in turn predicts teachers’ SF. Furthermore, based on the upper echelon theory (Hambrick and Mason, 1984), principals’ strategic skills promoted teachers’ SF through teachers’ PDM. Research limitations/implications This research enables expanding the theoretical upper echelon model, both in the context of leaders’ skills and in their relation to change outcomes. Practical implications Using of strategic skills will help principals influence teachers to participate in decision making, adapt to the reform and promote their ability to use skills according to changing needs. Originality/value The results of this research emphasize the strategic role of school principals as the leaders of organizational change and promoters of its outcomes.
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Abatecola, Gianpaolo, and Matteo Cristofaro. "Hambrick and Mason’s “Upper Echelons Theory”: evolution and open avenues." Journal of Management History 26, no. 1 (October 26, 2018): 116–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmh-02-2018-0016.
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Purpose How has upper echelons theory (UET) (Hambrick and Mason, 1984) been evolving over time? Through the historical discussion, this paper aims to provide an updated – and also innovative from some aspects – big picture on this famous approach to strategic management. In fact, after more than 30 years since its original conceptualization, the authors believe that the UE field is mature enough for a critical attempt to provide all those scholars and practitioners interested in strategic leadership with a comprehensive ground for future analyses, a ground which, to the authors’ knowledge, is still missing. Design/methodology/approach The authors mostly use a historical narrative to offer a critical account of the conceptual and methodological developments occurring under UE lenses over time. The authors believe that the historical approach can be particularly useful because it can help understand and explain why and how these developments have been conjectured and implemented. Findings Two mainly intertwined insights emerge from our analysis: on the one hand, the developments subsequent to the seminal 1984 UE model have gradually, although constantly, reduced its strongly voluntarist assumptions on strategic leadership toward more moderated co-evolutionary lenses; on the other hand, the emerging psychological and cognitive moderators of UE variables are presently reinforcing the centrality of dominant coalitions, in that they affect their decision-making processes and strategic choices. Originality/value From the critical discussion, a possible updated UE model based on co-evolutionary lenses finally emerges. Prospective research avenues in this management field are also provided.
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Garcia-Carbonell, Natalia, Fernando Martin-Alcazar, and Gonzalo Sanchez-Gardey. "Human capital in top management teams seen through the lens of senior human resources managers." European Business Review 30, no. 5 (August 13, 2018): 571–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebr-03-2017-0064.
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Purpose Despite the strong influence of Hambrick and Mason’s (1984) seminal work, the effects of top management team (TMT) characteristics on strategic processes remain unclear. This study aims to go beyond the traditional upper echelon theory and to propose a human capital taxonomy of TMTs from the perspective of top human resources managers. Design/methodology/approach The research integrates arguments from the strategic human capital and strategic issue diagnosis literatures. An exploratory cluster analysis was conducted in an attempt to describe different human capital typologies in TMTs in a sample of 120 Spanish companies. Findings The exploratory analysis showed three distinct human capital profiles: “technocratic teams”, “highly skilled teams” and “operational teams”. In addition, this paper provides preliminary results about the effects of each profile in the above taxonomy on strategic issue diagnostic processes, suggesting that “highly skilled teams” present the most appropriate combination of human capital attributes. Practical/implications This analysis provides a guide for top managers regarding the human capital needs they may face when interpreting strategic issues in strategy formation processes. Originality/value This paper makes a twofold contribution to the extant literature: proposing an analysis of TMTs’ human capital from a synergistic perspective (“human capital profiles”) instead of using the traditional “more is better” approach and providing preliminary explanations about how those human capital combinations contribute to success in the strategic issue diagnosis process.
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Andrews, Alice O., and Theresa M. Welbourne. "The People/Performance Balance in IPO Firms: The Effect of the Chief Executive Officer's Financial Orientation." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 25, no. 1 (October 2000): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104225870002500108.
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Welbourne and Andrews (1996) studied IPO firms and found that Tobin's Q, at the time of the IPO, was lower for firms that they coded as having higher levels of human resource value (HR Value). However, those same firms were more likely to survive five years after the IPO. Given that finding, this study examines one factor that may influence the firm's choice between maximizing short-term financial performance (doing well at the IPO) or long-term performance (maximizing HR value). Using the theory of upper echelons (Hambrick & Mason, 1984), we show that the decision on how to balance these forces is shaped in part by the chief executive officer's (CEO) functional background. We focus on CEOs with primary training in finance because they will most closely identify with investment community pressures to perform well at the time of the IPO. In two different samples of IPO firms, we find that the CEO's financial background is associated with lower levels of human resource value, but, contrary to what we expected, having a finance-oriented CEO does not maximize short-term gains in the IPO.
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FAYE, Oumar. "Influence of the Manager’s Characteristics on the SME Performance in Senegal." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol5.iss1.165.
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The Small and Medium-sized Entreprises (SMEs) represent the most important part of companies in all economies. In Senegal, they constitute 90% of companies, contribute to up to 30% of job creations and participate in the national value added training for up to 20%. In most of the countries, the SME is defined by the number of employees, the turnover and the investment; but what characterizes it, in particular, is the manager’s central position (Julien, 1997). It is him who assumes the responsibility for defining the vision, combining the different resources and setting up strategies to lead the SME towards performance.In Senegal, very little work basically focuses on the SME manager and namely his or her personal characteristics. The ambition of this paper is also to study the manager’s characteristics which influence the performance of his company. It is based on the theoretical framework of the Upper Echelons Theory (UET) developed by Hambrick and Mason (1984).The results which are obtained from a sample of 202 Senegalese SMEs show that the manager’s characteristics namely the age and the high level of education have a positive impact on the SMEs performance.
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Awa, Hart O., Sunday C. Eze, Joseph E. Urieto, and Benjamin J. Inyang. "Upper echelon theory (UET)." Journal of Systems and Information Technology 13, no. 2 (May 3, 2011): 144–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13287261111135981.
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Anwar Quttainah, Majdi. "Upper Echelon Theory: Role of Community and Strategy." International Journal Of Innovation And Economic Development 1, no. 3 (2015): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.13.2004.
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In this paper, we argue that community plays an important role in shaping the values and characteristics of top management teams. It builds on upper echelon theory to posit that community level characteristics are instrumental in framing the cognitions of CEOs and top executives. Strategic decisions made by managers in organizations represent the significant impact community has on top management teams. Examining the influence community has on top management teams provides additional implications about why certain firms perform better than others.
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Đerđa, Dino. "International Experience in Upper Echelon Theory: Literature Review." Business Systems Research Journal 8, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 126–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bsrj-2017-0021.
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Abstract Background: The international experience of top managers is an evolving research within the upper echelon theory; therefore this literature review summarizes everything made so far. Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to provide a literature review of international experience within the theory of the upper echelons. Methods/Approach: We reviewed the literature from the beginning of the theory formation and tried to understand the direction in which it develops, particularly in the context of international experience. We conducted a bibliometric analysis in order to understand the research area better. Results: We have found that 38 papers were published in 25 different journals by 72 authors. We have concluded that the area of research is very narrow and that most of the research is concentrated on finding out the impact of demographic characteristics and international experience of top managers on internationalization strategy mostly with MNC-s. Conclusions: After two decades of international experience in the upper echelon theory there is a significant possibility of uniformity of the theory but only if researchers are able to prove equal results among different countries.
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Lee, Won Seok, Choongbeom Choi, and Joonho Moon. "The upper echelon effect on restaurant franchising: the moderating role of internationalization." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 12, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-05-2017-0055.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate how upper echelon theory accounts for franchising by selecting the top management team to proxy for the upper echelon and using age, tenure, education, equity ownership and stock options as its main attributes. Design/methodology/approach The sample was drawn from the Execucomp and Compustat databases and from other publicly accessible resources (e.g. LinkedIn and Business Week, in addition to Annual 10-K reports). A total of 29 restaurant companies were used for data collection, which covered the period of 2000-2013. A panel feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) regression was used to analyze the data. Findings The study found a significant moderating effect of the degree of internationalization on the relation between the attributes of the upper echelon (e.g. tenure, education and share ownership) and franchising decisions. Research limitations/implications The results verified that top managers in the restaurant industry with more tenure and share ownership become more risk averse when they operate under riskier conditions, whereas highly educated restaurant top management teams tend to take more risks in strategic decision-making. Originality/value This study expanded internationalization research to upper echelon theory and into the arena of franchising.
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Das, Muralee, and Susan Myrden. "Asian football: how corruption disrupted marketing value in the game’s largest fan market." CASE Journal 16, no. 5 (August 25, 2020): 585–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-11-2019-0116.
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Theoretical basis This case is focused on the allegations of corrupt practices within the strategic leadership at the board level of an international sports organization – the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). The theoretical premise is that the practices and decisions of the AFC’s leadership will have a profound impact on the AFC’s performance. However, because the AFC is the continental governing body, the impact is theorized to be far larger, across an entire industry. In writing the case, the authors were guided by upper Echelons theory (UET) (Hambrick and Mason, 1984; Hambrick, 2007; Hambrick et al., 2015), which argues that an organization’s strategic direction is directly influenced by its leader’s values. The authors selected UET for the theoretical framework, as it considered a spectrum of factors from industry, leader characters (values), their choices and the results of their actions. Such a comprehensive theory aligned with the complexities of the AFC and its leadership. In constructing the case roadmap using UET, the authors first adopted an ethnographic methodology. This was motivated by the fact that one of the authors had been embedded for many years as part of the leadership team at the AFC. His career work notes based on direct interactions and observations of these leaders helped in two ways: to identify the complex set of personal characteristics of these leaders (i.e. background, their careers outside football and financial standing) as they originated from 47 different nationalities. UET refers to these as observable factors to better theorize the hidden intentions of their alleged corrupt behaviors. UET identifies this second set of non-observable factors as psychological factors. These two different sets of observations combined helped to theorize their drivers, intentions and strategic decisions (options). For the second methodology, the authors accessed archival, publicly available media news and reports to understand the consequences of their actions to the AFC and the Asian football industry. This completed the final parts of the UET framework (Yamak et al., 2014). Research methodology This case relied on information that was widely reported within international media, press announcements by various organizations, published decisions by tribunals and publicly available information on the AFC. All of the names and positions in this case are actual persons. Case overview/synopsis This case focuses on the role and influence of the AFC as the Asian football governing body. The AFC is a member of the world football governing body – FIFA. With a US$1bn budget, the AFC has a strong impact on the future of football among Asia’s three billion people. Unfortunately, the AFC has been unable to create the value in its sports events or properties that attracts fans and investors. Central to this problem is the issue of corruption and corruption allegations within the AFC, especially with regard to its leadership. This case, therefore, attempts to highlight the various issues, discusses the circumstances around these challenges and brings forth the complexities of leading a truly international organization across 47 countries. Such factors are then tied to the value of the organization’s products or services in the marketplace. Complexity academic level The case is written and designed for a graduate level (MBA) class or an upper level undergraduate class such as corporate strategy, leadership, international management, international marketing, contemporary issues in management, cross-cultural management, sports management and sports marketing. In general, the case will also be a good fit for courses that discuss leadership, organizational strategy, organizational structure, organizational ethics and organizational behavior.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Upper Echelon Theory (1984)"
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Egelstig, Malin, and Simon Ekizean. "Finns det ett samband mellan ledningsgruppens sammansättning och risken i företaget?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202304.
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Sammansättningen i svenska börsnoterade bolags ledningsgrupper består till stor del av medelålders män med svensk härkomst. Mångfalden i dagens Sverige återspeglas därmed inte i näringslivets topp, vilket kan leda till negativa konsekvenser för både företag och samhället i stort. Med hjälp av en välkänd teori inom den strategiska forskningen, the upper echelon theory, och tidigare forskning inom området ämnar vi förklara samband mellan risknivån i företag och ledningsgruppens sammansättning i form av ålder och kön. Vi har genomfört en kvantitativ studie där vi samlat in data om 1991 ledningsgrupper, vilka tillsammans omfattar nästan 14 000 observerade ledande befattningshavare. Den statistiska undersökningen har resulterat i att samband har anträffats mellan risken i företaget och ledningsgruppens sammansättning avseende både kön och ålder. Vi har dessutom funnit att branschen har en viss påverkan på vilka personer som ingår i ledningsgruppen.
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Simonsson, Linda, and Karlsson Frida. "Hur upplever en soloföretagare sin allra första rekrytering? : En entreprenörs upplevda hinder, möjligheter och tankeprocess." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65517.
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Det finns mycket forskning kring entreprenörskap samt rekrytering, dock är soloföretagarens upplevelse av sin första rekrytering ett outforskat område. Genom en kvalitativ forskningsmetod vill vi få en ökad förståelse för hur en soloföretagare upplever hinder och möjligheter när de tar sitt beslut om att bli arbetsgivare. Vi har fått en ökad förståelse genom att vi har genomfört en fokusgrupp samt fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer. De fick själva lyfta fram sina egna erfarenheter samt perspektiv på hur anställningen upplevdes. Vi har i denna studie valt att utgå från två dimensioner kön och ålder då vi har generella uppfattningar om att det kan skilja sig åt mellan dem. Studiens entreprenörer har yttrat sig om att de upplevt både hinder och möjligheter i samband med sin första rekrytering. Ytterligare har vi även en generell uppfattning om att anställa är ett mer riskfyllt beslut i jämförelse med att hyra in sina medarbetare. Studien visade dock att vår generella uppfattning endast stämde överens med två av våra entreprenörer.
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Husell, Ida, and Emma Moen. "Styrelsens oberoende och dess samband med företagets prestation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447763.
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Med bakgrund i tidigare forsknings tvetydiga resultat samt avsaknad av studier för svensk marknad ämnar denna studie undersöka huruvida styrelsens oberoende har ett samband med företagets finansiella prestation hos svenska börsnoterade företag. Urvalet baseras på bolag noterade på Nasdaq Stockholm Large-, Mid- och Small Cap samt Nordic Growth Market för åren 2014–2019 med totalt 478 observationer. Med hjälp av multipel regressionsmetod studerades styrelsens oberoende i förhållande till två prestationsmått, Return on Assets (ROA) och Tobins Q. Studien finner inget signifikant samband mellan styrelsens oberoende och företagets finansiella prestation oavsett vilket mått som används. Resultaten är robusta även för test över tidsperioden 2017–2019. Studiens resultat analyseras i relation till tidigare forskning samt agentteori och upper echelon theory. Utfallet för denna studie går inte i linje med teoriernas antaganden eller tidigare forskning i Europa, därav anses ytterligare studier krävas för att säkerställa sambandet.
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Sebaa, Ali A. "The importance of aligning managerial characteristics to functional strategy in public sector organisations: An empirical study of Dubai government." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4885.
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Managerial characteristics have an important influence on strategy
implementation. Previous studies have looked at the alignment of
managerial characteristics with strategic type and aspects of performance.
In all cases, the focus has been on corporate strategy and, predominantly,
in private sector organisations. This study combines these objectives and
investigates alignment between managerial characteristics, strategy and
perceived performance. It focuses on management at the functional level in
a public sector setting and demonstrates that classical upper-echelon theory
is also relevant when applied at the functional level of management.
The Miles and Snow (1978) typology is applied to the functional strategy for
Dubai government organisations, to investigate whether functional units
pursuing strategies are led by functional managers with dissimilar attributes,
and whether the alignment between managerial characteristics and strategy
is related to performance of the functional unit.
Based on the extant literature, a research model has been developed,
which yields two types of hypothesis. Data was collected by means of
interviews and surveys to obtain knowledge of strategy types, and
demographic and psychological characteristics for the functional managers.
Regression techniques have been used for data analysis rendering support
for two types of hypothesis. Consequently, this study supports the view that
Upper Echelon theory can also apply at the functional level, emphasising
the role of the functional managers, at the lower management levels of the
organisations, in strategy implementation.
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Gustafsson, Peter, and Eda Uysal. "CEO? Or More Like RiskEO? : A Cross-Sectional Study of CEO Characteristics and Firm Risk-Taking." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149641.
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Risk is something intrinsic to business, and something firms are exposed to on a daily basis. This means that there exists a great deal of pressure on the Top Management of a firm to successfully navigate the different risks to which they are exposed. The CEO holds a unique position in the firm, as she is ultimately responsible for deciding which strategies to employ in order to properly respond to these risks. But what influenced the CEO when making such decisions? The Upper Echelon Theory suggests that decisions made by the Top Management Team of a firm are influenced by their values and their cognitive base, which is formed throughout their upbringing. Researchers on Upper Echelon Theory suggest that these two abstract constructs can be difficult to measure and analyse, and should therefore be approximated using specific and observable characteristics of the Top Management Team. In our study, this theory has applied to Swedish CEOs as they are the ultimate decision-maker in a firm. The specific characteristics observed and analysed in our investigation into the relationship between the CEO and risk are; gender, age, nationality, and tenure. Thus, the purpose of this study is formulated as follows: “The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between CEO characteristics, specifically age, gender, tenure, and nationality, and firm risk-taking, as measured by the leverage ratio, stock return volatility, cash holdings, and R&D expenditure, on the Swedish market. As a sub-purpose, we intend to investigate whether there is a nonlinear relationship between CEO tenure and risk-taking.” By collecting data from the databases, Thomson Reuters Eikon and Amadeus, a dataset of 284 firms and their CEOs was collected and used in the cross-sectional analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to determine the relationships between the previously mentioned CEO characteristics and the proxies for firm risk-taking. The majority of the relationships found were of a non-significant nature, indicating that the relationship between Swedish CEO characteristics and the strategies they employ when running their firms is weak and differs from relationships found in earlier studies, using data from different markets. The significant relationships found were between cash holdings and age, long tenures and leverage ratio, and short tenures and stock return volatility. This indicates that older CEOs are more risk-averse, while longer seated CEOs maintain less debt, and shorter seated CEOs are perceived as more risky by the market. However, as these results only entail 15% of our observed results, none of the hypotheses constructed for this study were verified. Therefore, our conclusion is that the previously observed relationships between the characteristics of CEOs and their risk-taking is not present within our sample of firms listed on the Swedish market. Some tendencies that align with previous results have been found but are not generalisable and as a result, we cannot recommend that private actors act on these results.
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Sebaa, Ali Ahmed. "The importance of aligning managerial characteristics to functional strategy in public sector organisations : an empirical study of Dubai government." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4885.
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Managerial characteristics have an important influence on strategy implementation. Previous studies have looked at the alignment of managerial characteristics with strategic type and aspects of performance. In all cases, the focus has been on corporate strategy and, predominantly, in private sector organisations. This study combines these objectives and investigates alignment between managerial characteristics, strategy and perceived performance. It focuses on management at the functional level in a public sector setting and demonstrates that classical upper-echelon theory is also relevant when applied at the functional level of management. The Miles and Snow (1978) typology is applied to the functional strategy for Dubai government organisations, to investigate whether functional units pursuing strategies are led by functional managers with dissimilar attributes, and whether the alignment between managerial characteristics and strategy is related to performance of the functional unit. Based on the extant literature, a research model has been developed, which yields two types of hypothesis. Data was collected by means of interviews and surveys to obtain knowledge of strategy types, and demographic and psychological characteristics for the functional managers. Regression techniques have been used for data analysis rendering support for two types of hypothesis. Consequently, this study supports the view that Upper Echelon theory can also apply at the functional level, emphasising the role of the functional managers, at the lower management levels of the organisations, in strategy implementation.
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Charas, Solange. "DOES UPPER ECHELONS TEAM DYNAMIC MATTER? THE CRITICALITY OF EXECUTIVE TEAM BEHAVIOR IN ECONOMIC VALUE CREATION." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1395319255.
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Grant, Navneet Chattha. "FACTORS INFLUENCING WILLINGNESS TO ADOPT ADVANCED ANALYTICS IN SMALL BUSINESSES." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1599811292346464.
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Bodin, Kristiansen Malin, and Alexander Johnson. "Faktorer bakom adoption av styrmodeller : Tio svenska stora företag med olika strukturella attribut." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-64323.
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Syftet med examensarbetet är att beskriva och kartlägga hur adoptionen av styrmodeller kan se ut i stora företag och utifrån detta identifiera vilken betydelse olika faktorer karaktäriserade av individuella-, organisationella- och omvärldsaspekter som påverkar adoptionen. Detta för att öka kunskapen om vilka faktorer som kan ligga bakom adoptionen av styrmodeller och hur dessa påverkar. Vidare är syftet att explorativt finna mönster mellan påverkande faktorer och företags strukturella attribut för att se hur möjliga kopplingar till företagens strukturer kan se ut. Studien bidrar därmed iutvecklingen av ett mer holistiskt synsätt. För att uppnå syftet utgår studien från sju faktorer; rationella och effektiva, psykodynamiska, retoriska och mode, politiska, kulturella, tvingande samt härmande och trender som på olika sätt påverkar adoptionen inom företag. Studien genomfördes genom kvalitativa intervjuer med tio stycken stora företag i Norrbotten med olika attribut inom ledartyp, ägarform och koncernförhållande. Företagens deltagare utgjordes av beslutsfattare med höga positioner inom företaget medinsikt i adoptionsprocessen som ingående kunde förklara händelser som påverkade adoptionen. Resultaten indikerar på att samtliga sju faktorer i olika grad påverkar företagens adoption av styrmodeller. Framförallt var de rationella och effektiva faktorerna klart framträdande som den faktor med högst påverkan inom samtliga företag eftersom att adoptionsbeslutet ofta grundade sig i någon form av problem eller kris. Resterande faktorer påverkade i olika utsträckning, där det fanns antydningar om mönster mellan faktorer och företagens strukturella attribut. Studien formulerade sex hypoteser kopplat till funna mönster mellan faktorer och företagens strukturella attribut.The purpose of this thesis is to describe and map how the adoption of management practices works in large companies and to identify the importance of different factors characterized of individual, organizational and environmental aspects that can affect the adoption. This to increase knowledge about the underlying factors that might affect the adoption of management practices. Furthermore, the purpose is to exploratively find patterns between influencing factors and corporate structural attributes to identify how possible connections to corporate structures may exist. This study contributes to the development of a more holistic approach. To achieve the purpose, the study is based on seven different factors; Rational and effective, psychodynamic, rhetorical and fashion, political, cultural, forced-selection (coercive), and imitation (mimetic) and trends that affect business adoption in various ways. This study was conducted through qualitativeinterviews with ten large companies in Norrbotten with different attributes in the management type, ownership and corporate relationship. The companies’ participants consisted of high-level decision-makers within each company with insight into the adoption process, which could thus explain in detail the events that affected the adoption. The results indicate that all seven factors influence the companies’ adoption of management practices to a different extent. In particular, the rational and effective factors were clearly prominent as the factors with the highest impact within all companies, because the adoption decision was often based on some kind of problem or crisis. Remaining factors affected to varying degrees, where there were indications of patterns between factors and the company's structural attributes. The study formulated six hypotheses linked to found patterns between factors and the company's structural attributes.
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Björkegren, Emilia, and Rebecca Lind. "Frivillig rapportering och personliga egenskaper : En kvantitativ studie om hur CEO:ers respektive CFO:ers personliga egenskaper påverkar den frivilliga rapporteringen hos svenska börsnoterade företag." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166806.
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Intresset för frivillig rapportering har under de senaste åren ökat. Tidigare studier har fått varierande resultat avseende vad som påverkar företags frivilliga rapportering, men managers personliga egenskaper har antagits kunna ha en påverkan. Syftet med studien är att förklara hur personliga egenskaper, som CEO:er respektive CFO:er i svenska börsnoterade företag besitter, påverkar den frivilliga rapporteringen i företagens årsredovisningar. Såväl påverkan på den totala mängden frivillig information som på vilka kategorier av frivillig information som läggs vikt vid studeras. Studien visade att kvinnliga CFO:er bidrar positivt till den totala mängden frivillig rapportering och att CFO:ers personliga egenskaper generellt har en större påverkan än CEO:ers personliga egenskaper på den frivilliga rapporteringen. Managers personliga egenskaper visades påverka den totala mängden frivillig rapportering mer än vilka kategorier som läggs vikt vid. Dock visade resultatet också på att agentteorin och de systemorienterade teorierna bättre förklarar vad som påverkar frivillig rapportering än vad managers personliga egenskaper gör. Studien bidrar till ökad kunskap om vad som påverkar företagens frivilliga rapportering. Genom att utgå från företagens CEO respektive CFO bidrar studien med förståelse för hur personliga egenskaper hos dessa påverkar den frivilliga rapporteringen, både den totala mängden och vilka kategorier av information som läggs vikt vid.
Book chapters on the topic "Upper Echelon Theory (1984)"
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Tehseen, Shahnaz, Dilnaz Muneeb, Ali B. Mahmoud, Dieu Hack-Polay, Hui Yan Yeong, and Faisal Nawaz. "Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Digital Business Sector." In Impact of Globalization and Advanced Technologies on Online Business Models, 135–53. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7603-8.ch009.
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The chapter is a systematic literature review of fundamental theories about small and medium business (SME) success. The chapter examines how they specifically impact digital SMEs. The chapter examined six theories: dynamic capability view (DCV), composition-based view of firm growth (CBV), resource-based view (RBV), resource dependence theory (RDT), upper echelon theory (UET), strategic contingency theory (SCT). The results showed that RBV, DCV, and UET become relevant in articulating the value inherent to the internal resources in SMEs (which render their capabilities dynamic). In contrast, the SCT framework and the RDT model show more significance in relation to uncertainty and contingency. CBV was found to be a more pertinent framework to predict the success of SMEs. The results support CBV's hypothesis that SMEs (including digital SMEs) are able to be competitive without extensive resource advantage, too complicated technologies, or market power. The increased deployment of CBV can be advocated as a critical determinant of digital SME success.
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Lang, Rainhart, and Irma Rybnikova. "Corporate Social Responsibility Values in Transforming Societies." In Recent Advances in the Roles of Cultural and Personal Values in Organizational Behavior, 129–51. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1013-1.ch007.
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The focus of the chapter is on corporate social values of managers as one important basis, and explanation of the functioning of CSR concepts in CEE organizations. The analysis is based on theoretical concepts explaining the relationship between the national and institutional context, corporate values of managers, and CSR activities, like “upper echelon theory,” which consider managerial action as a direct or indirect expression of the individual values of top managers. The situation in transforming societies in CEE countries can be well-described using the concept of situational strength. The empirical findings, with data from the GLOBE-CEO project from 129 firms in East Germany, Estonia, and Romania, show specific country-based combinations of corporate social values in the companies studied, with strategic orientation in East Germany, shareholder focus and a relatively strong religious orientation in Romania, and an orientation on shareholders as well as on employees and community in Estonia.
Conference papers on the topic "Upper Echelon Theory (1984)"
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Zhihua, Jiang. "Determinant of Corporate Social Performance: From the Perspective of Upper Echelon Theory." In 2010 International Conference on Information Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering (ICIII). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciii.2010.265.
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Gali, Nazha. "Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance in the Context of Upper Echelon Theory." In CARMA 2016 - 1st International Conference on Advanced Research Methods and Analytics. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carma2016.2016.3106.
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