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Journal articles on the topic 'Upwelling and innershelf circulation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Zhou, Tiehan, Marvin A. Geller, and Kevin Hamilton. "The Roles of the Hadley Circulation and Downward Control in Tropical Upwelling." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 11 (2006): 2740–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3770.1.

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Abstract Several idealized models of tropical upwelling are presented in order to clarify the roles of the nonlinear Hadley circulation and extratropical wave driving. In particular, it is shown that the Hadley circulation and wave-driven circulation interact to determine the nature of tropical upwelling. The authors explain several observed features such as maximum upwelling in the summer subtropics and the annual variation of the upwelling.

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2

Chen, Sih-Yu, and Shih-Nan Chen. "Generation of Upwelling Circulation under Downwelling-Favorable Wind within Bottom-Attached, Buoyant Coastal Currents." Journal of Physical Oceanography 47, no. 10 (2017): 2499–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-16-0271.1.

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AbstractA two-dimensional modeling study by Moffat and Lentz recently reported that downwelling-favorable wind can induce cross-shore upwelling circulation within a bottom-attached, buoyant coastal current. Here, we extend the problem to three dimensions. The driving mechanism and the sensitivity for the upwelling circulation are studied, using a primitive equation ocean model and an analytical model. After the initial downwelling adjustment that steepens the isopycnals and compresses the coastal current, the cross-shore flow can switch to steady upwelling circulation. This reverse circulation

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3

Schott, Friedrich A. "Shallow overturning circulation of the Western Indian Ocean." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 363, no. 1826 (2005): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2004.1483.

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The Indian Ocean differs from the other two oceans in not possessing an eastern equatorial upwelling regime. Instead, the upwelling occurs dominantly in the northwestern Arabian Sea and, to a lesser degree, around the Indian subcontinent. Subduction, on the other hand, occurs dominantly in the Southern Hemisphere. The result is a shallow Cross–Equatorial Cell connecting both regimes. The northward flow at thermocline levels occurs as part of the Somali Current and the southward upper–layer return flow is carried by the Ekman transports that are directed southward in both hemispheres. The main

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Wang, Guihua, Rui Xin Huang, Jilan Su, and Dake Chen. "The Effects of Thermohaline Circulation on Wind-Driven Circulation in the South China Sea." Journal of Physical Oceanography 42, no. 12 (2012): 2283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-11-0227.1.

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Abstract The dynamic influence of thermohaline circulation on wind-driven circulation in the South China Sea (SCS) is studied using a simple reduced gravity model, in which the upwelling driven by mixing in the abyssal ocean is treated in terms of an upward pumping distributed at the base of the upper layer. Because of the strong upwelling of deep water, the cyclonic gyre in the northern SCS is weakened, but the anticyclonic gyre in the southern SCS is intensified in summer, while cyclonic gyres in both the southern and northern SCS are weakened in winter. For all seasons, the dynamic influenc

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Bednorz, Ewa, Marek Półrolniczak, Bartosz Czernecki, and Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk. "Atmospheric Forcing of Coastal Upwelling in the Southern Baltic Sea Basin." Atmosphere 10, no. 6 (2019): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10060327.

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This study analyzes the atmospheric forcing of upwelling occurrence along differently oriented coastlines of the southern Baltic Sea basin. The mean daily sea surface temperature (SST) data from the summer seasons (June–August) of the years 1982–2017 made the basis for the detection of upwelling cases. For the atmospheric part of the analysis, monthly indices of four macroscale circulation patterns were used: North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Scandinavian (SCAND), East Atlantic (EA) and East Atlantic/Western Russia (EATL/WRUS). In order to identify the local airflows and wind conditions, zonal

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Katsman, Caroline A. "Impacts of Localized Mixing and Topography on the Stationary Abyssal Circulation." Journal of Physical Oceanography 36, no. 8 (2006): 1660–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo2925.1.

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Abstract Stommel and coworkers calculated the stationary, geostrophic circulation in the abyssal ocean driven by prescribed sources (representing convective downwelling sites) and sinks (slow, widespread upwelling through the thermocline). The applied basin geometries were highly idealized with nearly uniform upwelling and gradual bottom slopes. In this paper, the classical Stommel–Arons theory for the abyssal circulation is extended by introducing pronounced bathymetry in the form of a midocean ridge and strongly enhanced upwelling in the vicinity of this ridge, modeled after direct observati

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Bednorz, Ewa, Marek Półrolniczak, and Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk. "Regional circulation patterns inducing coastal upwelling in the Baltic Sea." Theoretical and Applied Climatology 144, no. 3-4 (2021): 905–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-021-03539-7.

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AbstractAtmospheric feedback involved in the occurrence of coastal upwelling in a small semi-enclosed sea basin, i.e., the Baltic Sea, was analysed, and the regional circulation conditions triggering upwelling in different coastal sections were identified. Upwelling in the summer season (June–August, years 1982–2017) was recognized on the basis of sea surface temperature patterns. Circulation conditions were defined using (1) the established daily indices of zonal and meridional airflow and (2) the synoptic situation at sea level distinguished by applying rotated principal component analysis t

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8

Largier, John L. "Upwelling Bays: How Coastal Upwelling Controls Circulation, Habitat, and Productivity in Bays." Annual Review of Marine Science 12, no. 1 (2020): 415–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010419-011020.

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Bays in coastal upwelling regions are physically driven and biochemically fueled by their interaction with open coastal waters. Wind-driven flow over the shelf imposes a circulation in the bay, which is also influenced by local wind stress and thermal bay–ocean density differences. Three types of bays are recognized based on the degree of exposure to coastal currents and winds (wide-open bays, square bays, and elongated bays), and the characteristic circulation and stratification patterns of each type are described. Retention of upwelled waters in bays allows for dense phytoplankton blooms tha

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9

Hogg, Andrew McC, Paul Spence, Oleg A. Saenko, and Stephanie M. Downes. "The Energetics of Southern Ocean Upwelling." Journal of Physical Oceanography 47, no. 1 (2017): 135–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-16-0176.1.

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AbstractThe ocean’s meridional overturning circulation is closed by the upwelling of dense, carbon-rich waters to the surface of the Southern Ocean. It has been proposed that upwelling in this region is driven by strong westerly winds, implying that the intensification of Southern Ocean winds in recent decades may have enhanced the rate of upwelling, potentially affecting the global overturning circulation. However, there is no consensus on the sensitivity of upwelling to winds or on the nature of the connection between Southern Ocean processes and the global overturning circulation. In this s

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Troitskaya, Elena, Vadim Blinov, Vyacheslav Ivanov, et al. "Cyclonic circulation and upwelling in Lake Baikal." Aquatic Sciences 77, no. 2 (2014): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00027-014-0361-8.

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11

Salby, Murry L., and Patrick F. Callaghan. "Interaction between the Brewer–Dobson Circulation and the Hadley Circulation." Journal of Climate 18, no. 20 (2005): 4303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3509.1.

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Abstract Interannual changes of the stratospheric circulation are studied in relation to coherent changes of the tropospheric circulation. Emerging over the winter pole is a clear signature of adiabatic warming and anomalous downwelling. Reflecting an intensification of the Brewer–Dobson circulation, the signature of anomalous downwelling extends from stratospheric levels into the troposphere. Compensating for it at subpolar latitudes is a signature of adiabatic cooling and anomalous upwelling. Equally coherent, the signature of anomalous upwelling occupies the same levels as the signature of

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12

Sánchez, Ricardo F., and Paulo Relvas. "Spring–summer climatological circulation in the upper layer in the region of Cape St. Vincent, Southwest Portugal." ICES Journal of Marine Science 60, no. 6 (2003): 1232–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-3139(03)00137-1.

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Abstract Geostrophic transport and hydrographic measurements derived from a historical database (1900–1998) were used to study the spring–summer mean circulation in the upper layer south and west of Cape St. Vincent, Southwest (SW) Portugal. The larger-scale circulation scheme is forced by equatorward winds from May to September, when the Iberian coastal transition zone (CTZ) is dominated by a generalized upwelling of cold, low-salinity water. A partially separated surface jet intensified at the shelf break conveys ∼1 Sv of upwelled water equatorward parallel to the bathymetry, while offshore

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Marchesiello, Patrick, Mark T. Gibbs, and Jason H. Middleton. "Simulations of coastal upwelling on the Sydney Continental Shelf." Marine and Freshwater Research 51, no. 6 (2000): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99046.

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Two-dimensional numerical simulations of the response of the coastal waters of Sydney, south-eastern Australia, to idealized upwelling-favourable winds are presented. The spin up of the upwelling circulation is investigated, in particular the structure of the nearshore circulation. The intensity of the final upwelling state is found to be strongly linked to the activation of the return flow through the bottom boundary layer, which is also related to the strength of imposed alongshore pressure gradients. Results from a simulation of upwelling forced by a deep-ocean alongshore-current jet also s

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14

Thomson, Richard E., Michael C. Healey, John F. T. Morris, and Gary A. Borstad. "Commercial Troll Fishing Vessel Distribution off Vancouver Island during July 1988: Relation to Observed Physical Oceanography." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, no. 4 (1992): 820–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-093.

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We compare distributions of salmon troll fishing vessels obtained using navigational radar observations off southwestern Vancouver Island in mid-July 1988 with the circulation and water property structure derived from concurrent oceanic measurements. Results support the hypothesis that vessels aggregate in clusters within the transition zone formed between the upwelling-induced shelf-break current and buoyancy-driven Vancouver Island coastal current. Dense clusters of vessels within this zone appear to be coincident with mesoscale (10 km) circulation features embedded in the large-scale (100 k

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15

Chen, Zhaoyun, Yuwu Jiang, Jia Wang, and Wenping Gong. "Influence of a River Plume on Coastal Upwelling Dynamics: Importance of Stratification." Journal of Physical Oceanography 49, no. 9 (2019): 2345–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-18-0215.1.

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AbstractSatellite images show that the Pearl River plume is entrained into the upwelling front in the northeastern South China Sea. To understand the processes and extend to other coastal zones, an idealized numerical model is used to investigate the upwelling dynamics in response to the arrival of the river plume. Upon forcing by an upwelling-favorable wind, the model reproduces the upwelling frontal jet with a stratified water column, which takes the river plume far away from the mouth of the estuary. The river plume introduces additional upwelling and downwelling at its inshore and offshore

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de Vos, A., C. B. Pattiaratchi, and E. M. S. Wijeratne. "Surface circulation and upwelling patterns around Sri Lanka." Biogeosciences 11, no. 20 (2014): 5909–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5909-2014.

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Abstract. Sri Lanka occupies a unique location within the equatorial belt in the northern Indian Ocean, with the Arabian Sea on its western side and the Bay of Bengal on its eastern side, and experiences bi-annually reversing monsoon winds. Aggregations of blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) have been observed along the southern coast of Sri Lanka during the northeast (NE) monsoon, when satellite imagery indicates lower productivity in the surface waters. This study explored elements of the dynamics of the surface circulation and coastal upwelling in the waters around Sri Lanka using satellite

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Vos, A. de, C. B. Pattiaratchi, and E. M. S. Wijeratne. "Surface circulation and upwelling patterns around Sri Lanka." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 9 (2013): 14953–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-14953-2013.

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Abstract. Sri Lanka occupies a unique location within the equatorial belt in the northern Indian Ocean with the Arabian Sea on its western side and the Bay of Bengal on its eastern side. The region is characterised by bi-annually reversing monsoon winds resulting from seasonal differential heating and cooling of the continental land mass and the ocean. This study explored elements of the dynamics of the surface circulation and coastal upwelling in the waters around Sri Lanka using satellite imagery and the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) configured to the study region and forced with EC

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18

Sasai, Y., H. Sasaki, and K. J. Richards. "Impact of physical processes on the phytoplankton blooms in the South China Sea: an eddy-resolving physical-biological model study." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 1 (2013): 1577–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-1577-2013.

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Abstract. An eddy-resolving coupled physical-biological ocean model has been employed to investigate the physical influences on phytoplankton blooms in the South China Sea during 2000–2007. The model captures the seasonal and interannual variability of surface chlorophyll distribution associated with mesoscale eddies, ocean circulation and upwelling generated by the monsoon winds. The model also reproduces the high chlorophyll distributions in two coastal upwelling regions: the northwestern Luzon in winter and the eastern coast of Vietnam in summer. To the northwest of Luzon, the monsoon drive

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19

Kirincich, Anthony R., and John A. Barth. "Alongshelf Variability of Inner-Shelf Circulation along the Central Oregon Coast during Summer." Journal of Physical Oceanography 39, no. 6 (2009): 1380–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jpo3760.1.

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Abstract The spatial and temporal variability of inner-shelf circulation along the central Oregon coast during the 2004 upwelling season is described using a 70-km-long array of moorings along the 15-m isobath. Circulation at three stations located onshore of a submarine bank differed from that of a station north of the bank, despite the relatively uniform wind forcing and inner-shelf bathymetry present. During upwelling-favorable winds, strong southward alongshelf flow occurred north of the bank, no alongshelf flow occurred onshore of the northern part of the bank, and increasing southward fl

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Corti, T., B. P. Luo, Q. Fu, H. Vömel, and T. Peter. "The impact of cirrus clouds on tropical troposphere-to-stratosphere transport." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6, no. 9 (2006): 2539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-2539-2006.

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Abstract. Although it is well known that air enters the stratosphere preferentially through upwelling in the tropics, the exact mechanisms of troposphere-to-stratosphere transport (TST) are still unknown. Previously proposed mechanisms have been found either to be too slow (e.g., clear sky upwelling) to provide agreement with in situ tracer measurements, or to be insufficient in mass flux to act as a major supply for the Brewer-Dobson circulation (e.g., convective overshooting). In this study we evaluate whether the lofting of air via cirrus cloud-radiation interaction might offer an alternati

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Corti, T., B. P. Luo, Q. Fu, H. Vömel, and T. Peter. "The impact of cirrus clouds on tropical troposphere-to-stratosphere transport." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 6, no. 2 (2006): 1725–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-6-1725-2006.

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Abstract. Although it is well known that air enters the stratosphere preferentially through upwelling in the tropics, the exact mechanisms of troposphere-to-stratosphere transport (TST) are still unknown. Previously proposed mechanisms have been found either to be too slow (e.g., clear sky upwelling) to provide agreement with in situ tracer measurements, or to be insufficient in mass flux to act as a major supply for the Brewer-Dobson circulation (e.g., convective overshooting). In this study we evaluate whether the lofting of air via cirrus cloud-radiation interaction might offer an alternati

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Abalos, Marta, William J. Randel, and Encarna Serrano. "Dynamical Forcing of Subseasonal Variability in the Tropical Brewer–Dobson Circulation." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 9 (2014): 3439–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-13-0366.1.

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Abstract Upwelling across the tropical tropopause exhibits strong subseasonal variability superimposed on the well-known annual cycle, and these variations directly affect temperature and tracers in the tropical lower stratosphere. In this work, the dynamical forcing of tropical upwelling on subseasonal time scales is investigated using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) for 1979–2011. Momentum balance diagnostics reveal that transience in lower-stratospheric upwelling is linked to the effects of extratropical wave forcing, with cen

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Zhang, N., J. Lan, and F. Cui. "The shallow meridional overturning circulation of the South China Sea." Ocean Science Discussions 11, no. 2 (2014): 1191–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-1191-2014.

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Abstract. In this paper, the structure and formation mechanism of the annual-mean shallow meridional overturning circulation of the South China Sea (SCS) are investigated. A distinct clockwise overturning circulation is present above 400 m in the SCS on the climatological annual mean scale. The shallow meridional overturning circulation consists of downwelling in the northern SCS, a southward subsurface branch supplying upwelling in the southern SCS and a northward return flow of surface water. The formation mechanism is explored by studying causes of the branches constituting the meridional o

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S., Ndoye, Capet X., Estrade P., et al. "A numerical modeling study of the Southern Senegal upwelling shelf: Circulation and upwelling source waters." African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 12, no. 12 (2018): 487–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajest2018.2572.

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Ribeiro, Flávia Noronha Dutra, Jacyra Soares, and Amauri Pereira de Oliveira. "The co-influence of the sea breeze and the coastal upwelling at Cabo Frio: a numerical investigation using coupled models." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 59, no. 2 (2011): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592011000200002.

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A coupled atmospheric-oceanic model was used to investigate whether there is a positive feedback between the coastal upwelling and the sea breeze at Cabo Frio - RJ (Brazil). Two experiments were performed to ascertain the influence of the sea breeze on the coastal upwelling: the first one used the coupled model forced with synoptic NE winds of 8 m s-1 and the sign of the sea breeze circulation was set by the atmospheric model; the second experiment used only the oceanic model with constant 8 m s-1 NE winds. Then, to study the influence of the coastal upwelling on the sea breeze, two more exper

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Wang, Bin, Lei Wu, Ning Zhao, Tianran Liu, and Naoki Hirose. "Summer Wind Effects on Coastal Upwelling in the Southwestern Yellow Sea." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 9 (2021): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9091021.

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The features of coastal upwelling in the southwestern Yellow Sea were investigated based on oceanology data from a research cruise and a regional circulation model. The observation data suggest that a relatively colder and saltier water core exists from the deeper layer to the surface, off the Subei Bank. The concentrations of nutrients also suggest that coastal upwelling is beneficial for nutrient enrichment in the upper layer. The numerical simulations are in good agreement with oceanology observations. Furthermore, sensitivity experiments indicate that, in addition to the tidal-induced upwe

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Ortland, David A., and M. Joan Alexander. "The Residual-Mean Circulation in the Tropical Tropopause Layer Driven by Tropical Waves." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 4 (2014): 1305–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-13-0100.1.

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Abstract Latent heating estimates derived from rainfall observations are used to construct model experiments that isolate equatorial waves forced by tropical convection from midlatitude synoptic-scale waves. These experiments are used to demonstrate that quasi-stationary equatorial Rossby waves forced by latent heating drive most of the observed residual-mean upwelling across the tropopause transition layer within 15° of the equator. The seasonal variation of the equatorial waves and the mean meridional upwelling that they cause is examined for two full years from 2006 to 2007. Changes in equa

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Franchito, S. H., V. B. Rao, J. L. Stech, and J. A. Lorenzzetti. "The effect of coastal upwelling on the sea-breeze circulation at Cabo Frio, Brazil: a numerical experiment." Annales Geophysicae 16, no. 7 (1998): 866–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-0866-3.

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Abstract. The effect of coastal upwelling on sea-breeze circulation in Cabo Frio (Brazil) and the feedback of sea-breeze on the upwelling signal in this region are investigated. In order to study the effect of coastal upwelling on sea-breeze a non-linear, three-dimensional, primitive equation atmospheric model is employed. The model considers only dry air and employs boundary layer formulation. The surface temperature is determined by a forcing function applied to the Earth's surface. In order to investigate the seasonal variations of the circulation, numerical experiments considering three-mo

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Plumb, R. Alan, and Janusz Eluszkiewicz. "The Brewer–Dobson Circulation: Dynamics of the Tropical Upwelling." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 56, no. 6 (1999): 868–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<0868:tbdcdo>2.0.co;2.

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Halle, Christopher M., and John L. Largier. "Surface circulation downstream of the Point Arena upwelling center." Continental Shelf Research 31, no. 12 (2011): 1260–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2011.04.007.

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Bönisch, H., A. Engel, Th Birner, P. Hoor, D. W. Tarasick, and E. A. Ray. "On the structural changes in the Brewer-Dobson circulation after 2000." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 11 (2010): 28399–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-28399-2010.

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Abstract. In this paper we present evidence that the observed increase in tropical upwelling after the year 2000 may be attributed to a change in the Brewer-Dobson circulation pattern. For this purpose, we use the concept of transit times derived from residual circulation trajectories and different in-situ measurements of ozone and nitrous dioxide. Observations from the Canadian midlatitude ozone profile record, probability density functions of in-situ N2O observations and a shift of the N2O-O3 correlation slopes, taken together, indicate that the increased upwelling in the tropics after the y

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Bönisch, H., A. Engel, Th Birner, P. Hoor, D. W. Tarasick, and E. A. Ray. "On the structural changes in the Brewer-Dobson circulation after 2000." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 8 (2011): 3937–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3937-2011.

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Abstract. In this paper we present evidence that the observed increase in tropical upwelling after the year 2000 may be attributed to a change in the Brewer-Dobson circulation pattern. For this purpose, we use the concept of transit times derived from residual circulation trajectories and different in-situ measurements of ozone and nitrous dioxide. Observations from the Canadian midlatitude ozone profile record, probability density functions of in-situ N2O observations and a shift of the N2O-O3 correlation slopes, taken together, indicate that the increased upwelling in the tropics after the y

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Auger, Pierre-Amaël, Thomas Gorgues, Eric Machu, Olivier Aumont, and Patrice Brehmer. "What drives the spatial variability of primary productivity and matter fluxes in the north-west African upwelling system? A modelling approach." Biogeosciences 13, no. 23 (2016): 6419–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6419-2016.

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Abstract. A comparative box analysis based on a multi-decadal physical–biogeochemical hindcast simulation (1980–2009) was conducted to characterize the drivers of the spatial distribution of phytoplankton biomass and production in the north-west (NW) African upwelling system. Alongshore geostrophic flow related to large-scale circulation patterns associated with the influence of coastal topography is suggested to modulate the coastal divergence, and then the response of nutrient upwelling to wind forcing. In our simulation, this translates into a coastal upwelling of nitrate being significant

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Chen, Gang, and Lantao Sun. "Mechanisms of the Tropical Upwelling Branch of the Brewer–Dobson Circulation: The Role of Extratropical Waves." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 12 (2011): 2878–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-044.1.

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Abstract The role of extratropical waves in the tropical upwelling branch of the Brewer–Dobson circulation is investigated in an idealized model of the stratosphere and troposphere. To simulate different stratospheric seasonal cycles of planetary waves in the two hemispheres, seasonally varying radiative heating is imposed only in the stratosphere, and surface topographic forcing is prescribed only in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). A zonally symmetric version of the same model is used to diagnose the effects of different wavenumbers and different regions of the total forcing on tropical stratos

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Saldías, Gonzalo S., and Susan E. Allen. "The Influence of a Submarine Canyon on the Circulation and Cross-Shore Exchanges around an Upwelling Front." Journal of Physical Oceanography 50, no. 6 (2020): 1677–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-19-0130.1.

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AbstractThe response of a coastal ocean numerical model, typical of eastern boundaries, is investigated under upwelling-favorable wind forcing and with/without the presence of a submarine canyon. Experiments were run over three contrasting shelf depth/slope bathymetries and forced by an upwelling-favorable alongshore wind. Random noise in the wind stress field was used to trigger the onset of frontal instabilities, which formed around the upwelling front. Their development and evolution are enhanced over deeper (and less inclined) shelves. Experiments without a submarine canyon agree well with

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Figueiredo da Silva, J., R. W. Duck, T. S. Hopkins, and J. M. Anderson. "Nearshore circulation revealed by wastewater discharge from a submarine outfall, Aveiro Coast, Portugal." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 6, no. 6 (2002): 983–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-6-983-2002.

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Abstract. The morphological and climatic conditions of the Atlantic coast of northern Portugal result in a prevailing upwelling circulation over the continental shelf. A submarine outfall releases wastewater into the ocean c. 3 km directly offshore (at ∼16 m water depth) from S. Jacinto, 5 km to the north of the inlet to the estuarine coastal lagoon system of the Ria de Aveiro. The buoyant plume has a distinctive reddish brown colour and is clearly visible at the water surface. The transport and dispersion of the plume was monitored by airborne photography and by in situ water sampling. Result

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Liu, Yonggang, and Robert H. Weisberg. "Ocean Currents and Sea Surface Heights Estimated across the West Florida Shelf." Journal of Physical Oceanography 37, no. 6 (2007): 1697–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo3083.1.

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Abstract The across-shelf structures of the ocean circulation and the associated sea surface height (SSH) variability are examined on the west Florida shelf (WFS) for the 3-yr interval from September 1998 to December 2001. Five sets of characteristic circulation patterns are extracted from 2-day, low-pass-filtered data using the self-organizing map: extreme upwelling and downwelling structures with strong currents, asymmetric upwelling and downwelling structures with moderate currents, and a set of transitional structures with weak currents. The temporal variations of these structures are cohe

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38

Barceló-Llull, Bàrbara, Enric Pallàs-Sanz, Pablo Sangrà, Antonio Martínez-Marrero, Sheila N. Estrada-Allis, and Javier Arístegui. "Ageostrophic Secondary Circulation in a Subtropical Intrathermocline Eddy." Journal of Physical Oceanography 47, no. 5 (2017): 1107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-16-0235.1.

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AbstractVertical motions play a key role in the enhancement of primary production within mesoscale eddies through the introduction of nutrients into the euphotic layer. However, the details of the vertical velocity field w driving these enhancements remain under discussion. For the first time the mesoscale w associated with an intrathermocline eddy is computed and analyzed using in situ high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) fields of density and horizontal velocity by resolving a generalized omega equation valid for high Rossby numbers. In the seasonal pycnocline the diagnosed w reveals a mul

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39

Davis, Nicholas A., Sean M. Davis, Robert W. Portmann, Eric Ray, Karen H. Rosenlof, and Pengfei Yu. "A comprehensive assessment of tropical stratospheric upwelling in the specified dynamics Community Earth System Model 1.2.2 – Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (CESM (WACCM))." Geoscientific Model Development 13, no. 2 (2020): 717–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-717-2020.

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Abstract. Specified dynamics (SD) schemes relax the circulation in climate models toward a reference meteorology to simulate historical variability. These simulations are widely used to isolate the dynamical contributions to variability and trends in trace gas species. However, it is not clear if trends in the stratospheric overturning circulation are properly reproduced by SD schemes. This study assesses numerous SD schemes and modeling choices in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Whole Atmosphere Chemistry Climate Model (WACCM) to determine a set of best practices for reproducing inter

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40

Castanheira, J. M., T. R. Peevey, C. A. F. Marques, and M. A. Olsen. "Relationships among Brewer-Dobson circulation, double tropopauses, ozone and stratospheric water vapour." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 5 (2012): 12391–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-12391-2012.

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Abstract. The statistical relationships among the variability of the area covered by double tropopause (DT) events, the strength of the tropical upwelling, the variabilities of total column ozone and of lower stratospheric water vapour are analyzed. The QBO and ENSO signals in the double tropopause and tropical upwelling as well as their influence on the statistical relationships are also presented. The analysis is based on both reanalysed data (ERA-Interim) and satellite data. Significant anticorrelations were found between the area covered by double tropopause events and the total column ozo

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41

Zhou, Tiehan, Marvin A. Geller, and Wuyin Lin. "An Observational Study on the Latitudes Where Wave Forcing Drives Brewer–Dobson Upwelling." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 6 (2012): 1916–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0197.1.

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Abstract The 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data are analyzed to demonstrate that wave forcing at lower latitudes plays a crucial role in driving the tropical upwelling portion of the Brewer–Dobson circulation. It is shown that subtropical wave forcing is correlated with tropical upwelling on both intraseasonal and interannual time scales when transient waves are taken into account, and that tropical wave forcing exerts its influence on tropical upwelling via its body force on the zonal mean flow.

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42

Palmeiro, Froila M., Natalia Calvo, and Rolando R. Garcia. "Future Changes in the Brewer–Dobson Circulation under Different Greenhouse Gas Concentrations in WACCM4." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 8 (2014): 2962–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-13-0289.1.

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Abstract The climatology and future changes of the Brewer–Dobson circulation (BDC) in three climate change scenarios are studied using the latest version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM4), which is fully coupled to an ocean model. The results show an acceleration in both the shallow and deep branches of circulation in response to increasing greenhouse gases (GHGs) together with an upward displacement of the tropical upwelling in the deep branch near the stratopause. The downward control principle reveals that different waves are involved in forcing the acceleration of th

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Mesias, Jorge M., Ricardo P. Matano, and P. Ted Strub. "A numerical study of the upwelling circulation off central Chile." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 106, no. C9 (2001): 19611–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000jc000649.

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44

Marshall, John, and Kevin Speer. "Closure of the meridional overturning circulation through Southern Ocean upwelling." Nature Geoscience 5, no. 3 (2012): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1391.

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45

Santos, Guaciara M., Julie Ferguson, Karla Acaylar, Kathleen R. Johnson, Sheila Griffin та Ellen Druffel. "Δ14C and Δ13C of Seawater DIC as Tracers of Coastal Upwelling: A 5-Year Time Series from Southern California". Radiocarbon 53, № 4 (2011): 669–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200039126.

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Marine radiocarbon (14C) is a widely used tracer of past ocean circulation, but very few high-resolution records have been obtained. Here, we report a time series of carbon isotope abundances of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in surface seawater collected from the Newport Beach pier in Orange County, within the Southern California Bight, from 2005 to 2010. Surface seawater was collected bimonthly and analyzed for Δ14C, δ13C, and salinity. Results from May 2005 to November 2010 show no long-term changes in δ13C DIC values and no consistent variability that can be attributed to upwelling. Δ14C

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46

Dumont, Dany, Yves Gratton, and Todd E. Arbetter. "Modeling Wind-Driven Circulation and Landfast Ice-Edge Processes during Polynya Events in Northern Baffin Bay." Journal of Physical Oceanography 40, no. 6 (2010): 1356–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jpo4292.1.

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Abstract A high-resolution sea ice–ocean numerical model of the North Water polynya has been developed to study the wind-driven circulation during polynya events. An idealized three-layer stratified ocean is used to initialize the model to characterize the baroclinic response to realistic wind and ice conditions. The model general circulation pattern is mainly forced by an along-channel sea level gradient between the Arctic Ocean and Baffin Bay, which determines the magnitude of the southward Baffin Current, and by an across-channel sea level gradient in Baffin Bay, which drives the northward

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Whitney, Michael M., and J. S. Allen. "Coastal Wind-Driven Circulation in the Vicinity of a Bank. Part I: Modeling Flow over Idealized Symmetric Banks." Journal of Physical Oceanography 39, no. 6 (2009): 1273–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jpo3966.1.

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Abstract This study examines how coastal banks influence wind-driven circulation along stratified continental shelves. Numerical experiments are conducted for idealized symmetric banks; the standard bank (200 km long and 50 km wide) has dimensions similar to the Heceta Bank complex along the Oregon shelf. Model runs are forced with 10 days of steady winds (0.1 Pa); upwelling and downwelling cases are compared. The bank introduces significant alongshelf variability in the currents and density fields. Upwelling-favorable winds create an upwelling front and a baroclinic jet (flowing opposite coas

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48

Castanheira, J. M., T. R. Peevey, C. A. F. Marques, and M. A. Olsen. "Relationships between Brewer-Dobson circulation, double tropopauses, ozone and stratospheric water vapour." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 21 (2012): 10195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-10195-2012.

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Abstract. Statistical relationships between the variability of the area covered by double tropopause events (DTs), the strength of the tropical upwelling, the total column ozone and of the lower stratospheric water vapour are analyzed. The QBO and ENSO signals in the double tropopause and tropical upwelling as well as their influence on the statistical relationships are also presented. The analysis is based on both reanalysed data (ERA-Interim) and satellite data. Significant anticorrelations were found between the area covered by DTs and the total column ozone in the midlatitudes of the North

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49

Kunze, Eric. "The Internal-Wave-Driven Meridional Overturning Circulation." Journal of Physical Oceanography 47, no. 11 (2017): 2673–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-16-0142.1.

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AbstractThe upwelling diapycnal limb of the ocean’s meridional overturning circulation is driven by divergence of diabatic turbulent buoyancy fluxes 〈w′b′〉 across density surfaces. A global assessment of zonally averaged internal-wave-driven turbulent diapycnal buoyancy fluxes from a strain-based finescale parameterization is used to infer mean diapycnal transports in the interior and near the bottom boundary. Bulk interior diabatic transports dominate above 2500-m depth (buoyancies |B| = gγn/ρ0 < 0.267 m s−2, neutral densities γn < 27.9 kg m−3), upwelling at 10–11 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1)

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50

Whitney, Michael M., and J. S. Allen. "Coastal Wind-Driven Circulation in the Vicinity of a Bank. Part II: Modeling Flow over the Heceta Bank Complex on the Oregon Coast." Journal of Physical Oceanography 39, no. 6 (2009): 1298–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jpo3967.1.

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Abstract This study investigates wind-driven circulation in the vicinity of the Heceta Bank complex along the Oregon shelf. Numerical experiments forced with steady winds (0.1 Pa) are conducted; upwelling and downwelling cases are compared. The asymmetric bank bathymetry is the only configurational difference from the symmetric bank runs analyzed in Part I (Whitney and Allen). Upwelling-favorable winds generate an upwelling front and southward baroclinic jet. Model results indicate the upwelling jet is centered on the 100-m isobath along the straight shelf. The jet follows this isobath offshor

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