Relevant bibliographies by topics / Urban Acoustics

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Urban Acoustics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Urban Acoustics"

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Kang, Jian. "Urban Acoustics." Applied Acoustics 66, no. 2 (February 2005): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2004.07.006.

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Nurzyński, Jacek. "Acoustical assessment of urban residential environment." Budownictwo i Architektura 13, no. 4 (December 9, 2014): 033–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1690.

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The quality of urban residential environment depends on several factors, acoustical conditions are among the most important. Outdoor noise affects conditions inside the building, determines required sound insulation of external walls and the whole building envelope. It defines the comfort level on balconies and terraces, and also the quality of the closest building surroundings. Recent tendencies in spatial planning, related to the sustainable development idea, as rational land use, densification of existing built-up areas, revitalization of city centers etc, have possible far-reaching acoustical consequences. Besides, the environmental management and spatial planning present quite different attitude towards assessment of residential areas in terms of acoustics. The paper examines the problem of noise just from the perspective of spatial planning and building industry. The acoustic classification scheme is proposed for residential areas. It gives clear rules for acoustical planning and appropriate urban development policy. It is also an applicable tool for investors, developes, local authorities, and above all a final user to assess real quality and adequate value of the premises.
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Lynch, James F., and Charles C. Church. "Introduction to the Special Issue on COVID-19." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 1 (January 2023): 573–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0017033.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has been a global event affecting all aspects of human life and society, including acoustic aspects. In this Special Issue on COVID-19 and acoustics, we present 48 papers discussing the acoustical impacts of the pandemic and how we deal with it. The papers are divided into seven categories which include: physical masking and speech production, speech perception, noise, the underwater soundscape, the urban soundscape, pathogen transmissibility, and medical diagnosis.
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Tsaligopoulos, Aggelos, and Yiannis G. Matsinos. "Approaching Quietness as an Urban Sustainability Opportunity." Environments 9, no. 2 (January 18, 2022): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments9020012.

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Quietness in an urban environment is vital for the well-being of city residents. Nevertheless, the ambiguity in the conceptualization of the terms noise and quietness as urban acoustic planning and design objectives, has resulted in two different approaches: the soundscape approach and the noise control approach. The main purpose of this research is to supplement the existing approaches by proposing a new ecological acoustics approach in order to identify quiet areas in the city of Mytilene (Lesbos Island, North Aegean, Greece). The use of the soundscape approach involved the participation of Mytilene’s residents and the collection of subjective and objective eligibility criteria. By means of Multi-Criteria Decision Making two urban green areas were highlighted as potential quiet areas. For the noise control approach, road noise maps have been created through a commercial noise mapping software, validated by trough measurements. As a result, two areas located in the outskirts of the city were highlighted. Finally, the novel ecological acoustics approach involved acoustic recordings and the extraction of the Composite Urban Quietness Index (CUQI). The outcome of this approach converged with the soundscape approach results. Quietness, as an urban acoustic planning and design goal, could be viewed as an opportunity for ecologically sustainable urban environments.
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Jablonska, Joanna, and Roman Czajka. "CAD Tools and Computing in Architectural and Urban Acoustics." Buildings 11, no. 6 (May 30, 2021): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11060235.

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Contemporary architectural and urban planning aims at optimal development of the environment, including in terms of acoustics. As such, support with computer-aided design (CAD) tools is, nowadays, obligatory. The authors present investigation outcomes of three different CAD and computing methods extracted for the study. The scope covers different scales of considerations from architectural acoustics to the urban level, which relates to the standard architect’s commissions field. The described approaches are applicable for both academics and professionals in the broadly understood building industry There were analysed and synthesized experiences from the use of two-dimensional and three-dimensional simulations, computing based on standardized formulas, and an acoustic meter (here: the SVAN 979 for RT60, LAeq measurement). The article concludes with an assessment, which shows possible uses of methods and confirmations of their usability.
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Kumar, Sanjay, and Heow Lee. "The Present and Future Role of Acoustic Metamaterials for Architectural and Urban Noise Mitigations." Acoustics 1, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 590–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics1030035.

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Owing to a steep rise in urban population, there has been a continuous growth in construction of buildings, public or private transport like cars, motorbikes, trains, and planes at a global level. Hence, urban noise has become a major issue affecting the health and quality of human life. In the current environmental scenario, architectural acoustics has been directed towards controlling and manipulating sound waves at a desired level. Structural engineers and designers are moving towards green technologies, which may help improve the overall comfort level of residents. A variety of conventional sound absorbing materials are being used to reduce noise, but attenuation of low-frequency noise still remains a challenge. Recently, acoustic metamaterials that enable low-frequency sound manipulation, mitigation, and control have been widely used for architectural acoustics and traffic noise mitigation. This review article provides an overview of the role of acoustic metamaterials for architectural acoustics and road noise mitigation applications. The current challenges and prominent future directions in the field are also highlighted.
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Sygulska, Anna. "SOUND IN URBAN PLANNING – SELECTED ISSUES." Space&FORM 2021, no. 47 (September 9, 2021): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2021.47.c-04.

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The issue of acoustics is still underappreciated both in interior design in public utility facilities and in urbanized spaces. As noise pollution is on the rise, acoustic ecology is a vital part of responsible urban planning. The article explores the issue of sound in an open space in terms of noise protection, but its primary goal is to discuss it in the context of shaping a soundscape consciously. Finally, the article points out that it is crucial to protect soundscape as cultural heritage.
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Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki, and Hiroyuki Tanabe. "Acoustic Analysis for Urban Design Evaluation." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, no. 8 (November 30, 2023): 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0043.

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Japanese townscapes have changed historically, and those changes have been inherited as distinctive streetscapes in various districts. This is a study that analyzes the characteristics of landscapes in each district based not on visual characteristics but on acoustic characteristics. Specifically, we analyzed the characteristics of each reverberation time and frequency in areas with historical landscapes such as Tsukishima and Nippori in Tokyo. We were able to grasp the finishing materials and architectural forms as acoustics, and were able to capture the characteristics of the street spaces in each city. We were able to verify the possibility as a method for evaluating urban design.
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Chambers, Derrick, Peiyao Li, Harpreet Sethi, and Jeffery Shragge. "Monitoring industrial acoustics with distributed acoustic sensing." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010648.

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True-phase distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), a technique which uses low-power laser pulses to monitor along-fiber strain in optical cable, has proven useful in many geophysical research areas, including down-hole monitoring in oil/gas extraction, near-surface characterization, detecting and locating regional and global earthquakes, urban monitoring. Most of the geophysical applications to date, however, have focused on recording elastic waves propagating through solid media. In this work, we explore the response of DAS for recording acoustic propagation in air, as a function of fiber type and configuration, over frequency bands useful for monitoring industrial environments. We also present methods of creating simple fiber-composite sensing units for improving sensitivity, and strategies for combining solid-earth and acoustic monitoring to create an effective seismoacoustic array with a single DAS interrogator.
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Novák, Josef. "The theoretical basis of urban acoustics." Applied Acoustics 18, no. 5 (1985): 381–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-682x(85)90056-8.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Urban Acoustics"

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Yu, Chia-Jen. "Environmentally sustainable acoustics in urban residential areas." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14922/.

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The main aim of this thesis is to examine environmentally sustainable acoustics, considering mainly urban residential areas. The study has systematically examined the three essential aspects of environmentally sustainable acoustics, namely, people, buildings and resources. The investigations are focused on three aspects: (l) the effects of urban acoustics on people: a systematic field survey on people's perceptions which considered people's living experiences, sound preferences and social factors; (2) a series of buildings' life cycle assessments which examined the environmental impact from cradle to grave of the building's lifespan and tried to further comprehend acoustic sustainability of residential buildings; (3) various possibilities concerning the use of wind turbines around and above the residential buildings in an attempt to discover how to regenerate renewable wind energy and to avoid serious noise effects. The study has then been expanded from the three aspects, by revealing potential to achieving environmentally sustainable acoustics. Overall, it has been proved that environmentally sustainable acoustics is an essential part of the environmentally sustainability development. The thesis makes a positive contribution to urban residential areas through the illustration of a sustainable acoustics approach to environmentally sustainable development, and demonstrates how these factors should be associated with each other. Acoustics and sustainability is a rather new field this study only reveals some key issues. More systematic and in-depth study in other aspects is still needed.
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Pontén, Emeli. "Acoustic Design in Urban Development : analysis of urban soundscapes and acoustic ecology research in New York City." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-4836.

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The world is urbanizing rapidly with more than half of the global population now living in cities. Improving urban environments for the well-being of the increasing number of urban citizens is becoming one of the most important challenges of the 21st century. Even though it is common that city planners have visions of a ’good urban milieu’, those visions are concerning visual aesthetics or practical matters. The qualitative perspective of sound, such as sonic diversity and acoustic ecology are neglected aspects in architectural design. Urban planners and politicians are therefore largely unaware of the importance of sounds for the intrinsic quality of a place. Whenever environmental acoustics is on the agenda, the topic is noise abatement or noise legislation – a quantitative attenuation of sounds. Some architects may involve acoustical aspects in their work but sound design or acoustic design has yet to develop to a distinct discipline and be incorporated in urban planning.My aim was to investigate to what extent the urban soundscape is likely to improve if modern architectural techniques merge with principles of acoustics. This is an important, yet unexplored, research area. My study explores and analyses the acoustical aspects in urban development and includes interviews with practitioners in the field of urban acoustics, situated in New York City. My conclusion is that to achieve a better understanding of the human living conditions in mega-cities, there is a need to include sonic components into the holistic sense of urban development.
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Hirashima, Simone Queiróz da Silveira. "Percepção sonora e térmica e avaliação de conforto em espaços urbanos abertos do município de Belo Horizonte - MG, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-23062015-172738/.

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Em espaços urbanos abertos, particularmente nas grandes cidades de climas tropicais, os pedestres estão expostos não somente a níveis sonoros elevados como também a elevadas cargas térmicas, situação que pode gerar tanto o desconforto acústico quanto o térmico. Entretanto, na maioria das vezes, a relação entre a exposição a condições acústicas e térmicas adversas e a percepção humana dessas condições são estudadas separadamente. Neste trabalho propõe-se, portanto, uma abordagem integrada para a avaliação do conforto acústico e térmico urbano e para o estudo de seus prováveis efeitos combinados. Esta pesquisa foi realizada em Belo Horizonte - MG, Brasil, cidade localizada em região de clima tropical de altitude, com verões quentes e úmidos e invernos frios e secos. Utilizou-se o método indutivo experimental na condução dos trabalhos. Dados acústicos e climáticos foram medidos simultaneamente à aplicação de formulários em dois dias representativos do verão (março/2013) e do inverno (agosto/2013), e em duas praças contrastantes em relação ao seu ambiente acústico e térmico bem como aos seus parâmetros morfológicos como o fator de visão do céu, o altura dos edifícios, o tipo de pavimento, a presença de fontes de água e vegetação. Os índices Nível de Pressão Sonora Equivalente Contínuo, ponderado na curva A (LAeq) e Temperatura Equivalente Fisiológica (PET) foram usados para representar, respectivamente, as condições acústicas e microclimáticas. Foram coletados por meio dos formulários variáveis subjetivas (percepção do volume do ambiente sonoro, avaliação de incômodo relacionado ao ambiente sonoro, avaliação de conforto acústico, percepção de sensações térmicas, preferência de sensações térmicas e avaliação de conforto térmico), variáveis individuais (vestimenta, atividade física, idade, peso, altura, sexo) e dadoscontrole, relacionados aos aspectos psicológicos, sociais e culturais que podem interferir na percepção acústica e térmica do ambiente. A amostra compreendeu aproximadamente 1.700 entrevistados. O tratamento estatístico dos dados coletados abarcou análise descritiva, correlações e regressões. Modelos de regressão logística ordinal foram utilizados para predizer as faixas de percepção acústica e térmica; e modelos de regressão logística, para predizer as faixas de conforto e desconforto acústico e térmico. Os resultados do estudo incluem, dentre outros: 1) a calibração do índice LAeq para percepção do volume sonoro - faixas: \"Baixo\", <35dB(A), \"Normal\", de 36 a 67dB(A), e \"Alto\", >68dB(A); e para avaliação de conforto acústico - faixas: \"Confortável\", <67dB(A), e \"Desconfortável\", >68dB(A); 2) a calibração do índice PET para percepção de sensações térmicas - faixas: \"Frio\", <18,9°C, \"Bem\", de 19 a 27°C, e \"Calor\", >27,1; e para avaliação de conforto térmico - faixas: \"Confortável\", de 23 a 31°C, e \"Desconfortável\", <22,9 e >31,1°C; 3) a definição das temperaturas neutra e preferida para verão (27,7 e 14,9°C) e inverno (15,9°C e 20,9°C), respectivamente, demonstrando a influência da expectativa na avaliação das condições térmicas; e 4) a comprovação de que o aumento do desconforto acústico pode acarretar (ainda que em pequena escala) o aumento do desconforto térmico e vice-versa. Estes resultados podem nortear o esclarecimento de questões referentes à percepção e ao conforto acústico e térmico em espaços urbanos, orientando as políticas públicas em projetos urbanísticos relacionados a esses temas.
In urban open public spaces, particularly in big cities of tropical climate, city-users are often exposed not only to high sound levels but also to high thermal loads, a situation that can cause both acoustic and thermal discomfort. Nevertheless, in most cases, the relationship between the exposure to each of these adverse conditions and human perceptions towards each of them are studied separately. In order to address the lack of a combined analysis of these conditions, this research has adopted an integrated approach to evaluate urban acoustic and thermal comfort and their likely combined effects. This study was carried out in in the Brazilian city of Belo Horizonte, in the state of Minas Gerais, a city located in a region of tropical of altitude climate, with hot wet summers and cold dry winters. Acoustic and climatic data were measured simultaneously with the administration of questionnaires in two representative days of summer (March/2013) and winter (August/2013), in two squares that noticeably differ in relation to their acoustic and thermal environment and their morphological parameters such as the sky view factor, the height of the buildings, the type of pavement, the presence of water sources and the vegetation. The LAeq,T and the PET index were used to represent acoustic and microclimatic conditions respectively. Subjective variables (perceived volume of the environmental sound, assessment of annoyance caused by environmental sound, acoustic comfort evaluation, perception of thermal sensation, thermal sensation preference and evaluation of thermal comfort), personal variables (clothing, physical activity, age, weight, height, gender) and control data related to psychological, social and cultural issues that might interfere with acoustic and thermal perception of the environment were collected through the questionnaires. The sample consisted of approximately 1,700 respondents. The statistical treatment of the data collected was comprised of descriptive analysis as well as analysis using correlations and regressions. Ordinal logistic regression models were used to predict the ranges of acoustic and thermal perception and logistic regression models were used to predict the ranges of acoustic and thermal comfort and discomfort. Some of the results of this study are: 1) the calibration of the LAeq index for perceived loudness - ranges: \"Low\", <35dB(A), \"Normal\", between 36 and 67dB(A), and \"High\", >68dB(A); and for evaluation of acoustic comfort - ranges: \"Comfortable\" <67dB(A), and \"Uncomfortable\", >68dB(A); 2) the calibration of the PET index for perceived thermal sensations - ranges, \"Cold\", <18.9°C, \"Well\", 19-27°C, and \"Hot\", >27.1°C; and for evaluation of thermal comfort - ranges: \"Comfortable\", 23-31°C, and \"Uncomfortable\", <22.9 and >31.1°C; 3) the definition of neutral and preferred temperatures for Summer (27.7 and 14.9°C) and Winter (15.9°C and 20.9°C), respectively, showing the influence of expectation on evaluation of thermal conditions; and 4) the confirmation that an increase of the acoustic discomfort may cause (albeit on a small scale) an increase in the thermal discomfort and vice versa. These results might shed light on the issues of acoustic and thermal perception and comfort in urban spaces, helping to guide public policies on urban projects related to these topics.
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Hewett, David Peter. "Sound propagation in an urban environment." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e7a1d40b-2bf4-4f48-8a6b-ce6f575e955e.

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This thesis concerns the modelling of sound propagation in an urban environment. For most of the thesis a point source of sound source is assumed, and both 2D and 3D geometries are considered. Buildings are modelled as rigid blocks, with the effects of surface inhomogeneities neglected. In the time-harmonic case, assuming that the wavelength is short compared to typical lengthscales of the domain (street widths and lengths), ray theory is used to derive estimates for the time-averaged acoustic power flows through a network of interconnecting streets in the form of integrals over ray angles. In the impulsive case, the propagation of wave-field singularities in the presence of obstacles is considered, and a general principle concerning the weakening of singularities when they are diffracted by edges and vertices is proposed. The problem of switching on a time-harmonic source is also studied, and an exact solution for the diffraction of a switched on plane wave by a rigid half-line is obtained and analysed. The pulse diffraction theory is then applied in a study of the inverse problem for an impulsive source, where the aim is to locate an unknown source using Time Differences Of Arrival (TDOA) at multiple receivers. By using reflected and diffracted pulse arrivals, the standard free-space TDOA method is extended to urban environments. In particular, approximate source localisation is found to be possible even when the exact building distribution is unknown.
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Johnson, N. "The acoustics of micro hydropower : reverse Archimedean screw and the implications in urban river corridors." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5510/.

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Brandão, Guilherme Valle Loures. "Linhas ferroviárias e cidade: avaliação acústica para redução de ruídos em áreas urbanas." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/7235.

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A ambiência acústica dos lugares é fator preponderante para o adequado desempenho laboral, intelectual ou simplesmente vivencial do ser humano. O local de vivência, se possuir fatores que potencializam a percepção da ambiência acústica, tais como ruído de tráfego, pode causar estresse fisiológico, contribuindo para uma avaliação qualitativa desfavorável do espaço urbano. O objeto de estudo desta pesquisa é o conjunto de características acústicas inerentes às linhas ferroviárias, que se materializam no espaço segundo esses preceitos e os irradiam ao entorno. A presença dessas linhas na malha urbana da cidade de Juiz de Fora – MG – influi diretamente na produção do espaço e direciona vetores de crescimento e valoração do solo, representando um importante aspecto a ser considerado nas políticas de produção da cidade. Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar as características acústicas ao longo das linhas ferroviárias e suas especificidades, propondo alternativas para mitigação dos problemas verificados nas áreas adjacentes. O recorte desta pesquisa, que se insere no campo da acústica ambiental, se dá pela delimitação de estudo das características acústicas das linhas férreas, focando nas características sonoras das áreas habitadas lindeiras à faixa de domínio na malha urbana de Juiz de Fora. Com relação à metodologia de desenvolvimento, utiliza-se a Revisão Sistemática de Literatura – RSL – para definição do arcabouço teórico referencial e, para realização do estudo de caso, utiliza-se a metodologia proposta pelos referenciais normativos, através de medições in loco. O trabalho se desenvolve em seis capítulos que englobam os conhecimentos necessários à sua realização, focando na aplicação dos conceitos ao ambiente ferroviário. As análises realizadas demonstram que o ambiente acústico ao longo da linha ferroviária é drasticamente impactado pela passagem das composições, provocando o aumento do nível de ruído equivalente para além dos parâmetros normativos de conforto. A partir da situação existente, propõe-se a implantação de um misto de dispositivos convencionais e não convencionais para a redução do ruído, focando em soluções que mantenham permeabilidade visual e busquem reduzir a segregação espacial, gerando resultados que podem ser replicados em outras áreas urbanas, tanto na cidade de Juiz de Fora quanto em outras cidades. Conclui-se que a utilização dos dispositivos de proteção auxilia consideravelmente na redução do nível de pressão sonora equivalente nas áreas lindeiras, entretanto, percebe-se que é necessário o atendimento das edificações do entorno às normas construtivas para mitigação mais eficaz do problema.
Acoustic ambience is a predominant factor for adequate performance levels of work, intellect or simply experiential tasks for human beings. The vivency place itself, when possessing factors that enhance the acoustic ambience perception such as traffic noise can cause physiological stress, contributing to an unfavorable qualitative assessment of the urban space. This research’s object of study is the set of acoustic characteristics inherent to the railway lines, which materialize in space according to these precepts and radiate towards the surroundings. The presence of these railways in the Juiz de Fora city – MG – urban network directly influences the spatial production and directs land growth and valuation vectors, representing an important aspect to be considered in the city's production policies. This work aims to identify the acoustic characteristics along the railway lines and their specificities, proposing alternatives to mitigate problems observed its adjacent areas. The research clipping, which is inserted in the environmental acoustics’ field, is given by binding the study to the railway lines acoustic characteristics, focusing on the inhabited areas neighboring to the railway’s domain range sound characteristics in the Juiz de Fora city’s urban mesh. Regarding the development methodology, the systematic revision of literature method– RSL – is used to define the reference theoretical framework and, to carry out the case study, the methodology proposed by the current normative references is used, through on-the-spot measurements. The work develops in six chapters that encompass the knowledge necessary for its realization, focusing on the concept application to the railway environment. The analyses performed shows that the acoustic environment along the railway line is drastically impacted by the rail compositions passages, causing an increase in the equivalent noise level beyond the normative comfort parameters. From the existing situation, it is proposed to implement a mixture of conventional and non-conventional devices for noise reduction, focusing on solutions that maintain visual permeability and seek to reduce spatial segregation, generating results that can be replicated in other urban areas, both in Juiz de Fora and other cities. It is concluded that using protection devices greatly assists in reducing the equivalent sound pressure levels in the railway’s neighboring areas. However, it is understood that it is necessary for the surrounding buildings to meet the constructive norms for a more effective problem mitigation.
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Barros, David Alexandre Lampreia. "Analise e caracterização do ruído ambiente urbano. Cidade de Lisboa - Bairro habitacional." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4030.

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Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
The work of this dissertation focuses essentially on matters related to the areas of environmental acoustics – noise and discomfort to the urban population. Noise is a source of noise pollution, which is a combination of various sound sources, from commercial activities and services, religious spaces, construction, vehicle traffic, human activities, etc. This raises the level of urban noise and contributes to the emergence of unpleasant sound environments increasingly. With the evolution of society, noise is considered one of the most common environmental problems, degrading the quality of life and the environment. The legislation and international regulations have allowed the quantification by means of noise maps and acoustical prediction, where the legal authorities can view and plan interventional measures for a proper planning of the urban places. This case study describes the noise in the urban environment in the city of Lisbon, more specifically, a typical residential area of the city – Benfica – Igreja de Benfica – Rua dos Arneiros. An environmental noise analysis, through the acquisition levels of sound pressure and frequency spectra in bands 1 / 3 octave, continuously under a period of 7 (seven) days during the month of May 2011. The results showed the characteristic noise of a residential zone of the city of Lisbon, as well as identified what are their main sources. The information drawn from this study may serve as a basis for development and planning of cities in relation to acoustic comfort.
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Pasareanu, Stephanie. "A numerical hybrid method for modeling outdoor sound propagation in complex urban environments." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/47601.

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Prediction of the sound field in large urban environments has been limited thus far by the heavy computational requirements of conventional numerical methods such as boundary element (BE), finite-difference time-domain (FDTD), or ray-tracing methods. Recently, a considerable amount of work has been devoted to developing energy-based methods for this application, and results have shown the potential to compete with conventional methods. However, these developments have been limited to two-dimensional (2-D) studies (along street axes), and no real description of the phenomena at issue has been exposed (e.g., diffraction effects on the predictions). The main objectives of the present work were (i) to evaluate the feasibility of an energy-based method, the diffusion model (DM), for sound-field predictions in large, 3-D complex urban environments, (ii) to propose a numerical hybrid method that could improve the accuracy and computational time of these predictions, and (iii) to verify the proposed hybrid method against conventional numerical methods. The proposed numerical hybrid method consists of a full-wave model coupled with an energy-based model. The full-wave model is used for predicting sound propagation (i) near the source, where constructive and destructive interactions between waves are substantial, and (ii) outside the cluttered environment, where free-field-like conditions apply. The energy-based model is used in regions where diffusion conditions are met. The hybrid approach, as implemented in this work, is a combination of FDTD and DM models. Results from this work show the role played by diffraction near buildings edges close to the source and near the exterior boundaries of the computational domain, and its impact on the predictions. A wrong modeling of the diffraction effects in the environment leads to significant under or overpredictions of the sound levels in some regions, as compared to conventional numerical methods (in these regions, some differences are as high as 10 dB). The implementation of the hybrid method, verified against a full FDTD model, shows a significant improvement of the predictions. The mean error thus obtained inside the cluttered region of the environment is 1.5 dB.
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Heitmann, Simon. "Framtagning av en ljudanalysmetod för bedömning av ljudkvalitet i urbana utomhusmiljöer." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-358452.

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Buller är en av de miljöföroreningar som har störst negativ påverkan på männi-skors hälsa. Några av dessa effekter är sömnstörningar, stress och i vissa fall kan detleda till hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar. Problematiken kring detta växer med en ökandebefolkningsmängd och urbanisering runt om i världen. Denna studie undersöker möj-ligheterna till att utveckla en ny ljudanalysmetodik för hållbara stadsmiljöer. Idag utförs trafikbullerutredningar som en del i miljökonsekvensbeskrivningar. Dessaanalyser innehåller i huvudsak en ljudnivåberäkning från de primära bullerkällornaoch dessa kopplas till gällande riktvärden för A-vägda ljudnivåer vid uteplatser ochfasader. Forskning kring urbana ljudmiljöer visar att endast ljudnivåerna från buller-källor inte är tillräckligt för att avgöra ljudkvaliteten. Bullrets relativa inblandning iljudmiljön, dess frekvensområde och tidsvariation samt platsens syfte och användningär faktorer som dels är kopplade till hur pass väl bullret maskeras, och dels hur passstörande ljudet faktiskt upplevs. Alla dessa faktorer behöver vägas in för att på bästasätt kunna bedöma ljudkvaliteten. Strategin som användes i denna studie bestod dels av en litteraturstudie där till-gänglig forskning kring urbana ljudmiljöer analyserades och dels i en fallstudie därtre olika typfall av urbana miljöer modellerades i det akustiska modelleringsprogram-met Olive Tree Lab. De tre fallen utgjordes av teoretiska platser, ett öppet gaturum,ett stängt gaturum samt ett gaturum med torg på ena sida. Utformningen av des-sa valdes utifrån att det är några av de vanligast förekommande urbana miljöernadär höga ljudnivåer uppstår. Utifrån litteraturstudien togs en beskrivningsmall förljudmiljöer som utgör den nya ljudanalysmetoden fram som sedan applicerades påfallstudien för analys och utvärdering. Mallens tyngdpunkt låg på att undersöka så-väl goda som negativa ljud och att koppla det till den platsen som analysen avser.Resultaten visade på att användning av mallen leder till en bredare och mer detalje-rad beskrivning av ljudmiljön som möjliggör flera olika typer av lösningar än de somföreslås idag.
Noise is one of the environmental pollutions that has the largest negative effect onhuman health. Some of these effects are stress, sleeping issues and in some cases itcan cause cardiovascular diseases. The problem about this is growing as a result froman increasing population and an increasing urbanization. This study investigates thepossibilities to develop a new sound analysis method for urban environments. Today traffic noise investigations are performed as a part of environmental impact as-sessments. These analyses comprise most of sound level calculations from the primarynoise sources, which are then connected to the existing benchmarks for A-weightedsound levels at patios and facades. Research around urban sound environments showsthat only taking the sound levels exceeded from the primary noise sources in con-sideration is an insufficient method for estimating the sound quality. The relativeinvolvment of the noise, the range of frequencies and the variation in time as well,as the purpose and use of the area, are factors which are all connected to how wellthe noise is masked, as well as how disturbing the noise is actually percieved as. Allthese factors have to be taken into consideration in order to assess the sound qualityin the best posssible way. The method used in this study consisted of two main parts; one literature study,where available research around urban sound environments was analysed; and onecase study where three different cases of urban environments were analyzed in theacoustic modeling program Olive Tree Lab. The three cases consisted of theoreticallocations, one open street canyon, one closed and one street canyon with a squareon one side. Based on the literature study a description template for sound environ-ments was developed and applied to the cases from the case study for analysis andevaluation. The main focus of the template was to investigate both positive and ne-gative sounds and relate them to the site of which the sound analysis is intended for.The results showed that use of the template resulted in a broader and more detaileddescription of the sound environment, which enabled different kinds of solutions thatare not commonly used today.
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Mendonça, André Bressa Donato. "Relações entre índices urbanísticos da forma urbana e a acústica ambiental." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4368.

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Noise pollution in urban areas has been an usual problem in several Brazilian cities. However, this issue does not take into account the urban morphology and its constant changes. Therefore, sound mapping is a helping tool on the matter, allowing the prevention of sound impacts and the recognition of areas under acoustic conflicts. Applying this planning instrument, this research aims at the identification of relations between indexes of urban form and sound pressure levels achieved on street networks, specifically when considering the potential offered by the occupancy rate, the floor space index and the ratio between height and width of the urban roads. The methodology is based on the collection of physical and acoustical data, on the application of a calculation model, named NMPB-Routes 2008 and its respective validation, and on the simulation of a future scenario in the acoustic software CADNA-A. The analyzes were based on the variations of sound pressure levels, which were verified between the current scenario and the future scenario, together with the identification of the relationships between the occupancy rate, the floor space index and the H/W factor, besides the classification of the acoustics conditions of the urban blocks. The results showed that the new buildings of the future scenario contributed up to 1.0 dB (A) in the increase of the sound pressure levels at the height of ten meters above ground level. Furthermore, among the factors studied at the height of four meters, the occupancy rate is the one assuming the highest importance on the increase of sound pressure levels. On the other hand, at ten meters-high, the floor space index achieved the greatest significance in the role played on the increment of noise levels.
A poluição sonora no meio urbano tem sido um problema recorrente em muitas cidades brasileiras. Entretanto, esta problemática não leva em consideração a morfologia urbana e suas constantes modificações. Para isso, o mapeamento sonoro é uma ferramenta de grande auxílio, que permite prevenir impactos sonoros e diagnosticar áreas com conflitos acústicos já existentes. Aplicando esse recurso, essa pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar relações entre índices urbanísticos da forma urbana e os níveis de pressão sonora alcançados em redes viárias, considerando especificamente o potencial oferecido pela taxa de ocupação, índice de aproveitamento e relação entre altura e largura das vias. A metodologia é baseada em levantamento de dados físicos e acústicos do local, aplicação de um modelo de cálculo denominado NMPB-Routes 2008 e sua respectiva validação, além da simulação de um cenário futuro no software acústico CADNA-A. As análises se basearam nas variações dos níveis de pressão sonora, que foram verificadas entre o cenário atual e o cenário futuro, com a identificação das relações entre os coeficientes de ocupação, aproveitamento e da relação H/W; e, a classificação acústica das quadras urbanas. Os resultados apontaram que as novas edificações do cenário futuro contribuem com um incremento de até 1,0 dB(A) nos níveis de pressão sonora para a altura de dez metros acima do nível do solo. Verificouse também que, dentre os coeficientes estudados, o coeficiente de ocupação assume importância maior para a altura de quatro metros, influenciando no incremento dos níveis sonoros. Para alturas a dez metros acima do solo, o coeficiente de aproveitamento se revela como uma relação mais significativa no incremento dos níveis sonoros.
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Books on the topic "Urban Acoustics"

1

Bergamo, Francesco. Il disegno del paesaggio sonoro. Milano: Mimesis, 2018.

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Hellström, Björn. Noise design: Architectural modelling and the aesthetics of urban acoustic space. Göteborg: Bo Ejeby Förlag., 2003.

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Bucur, Voichita. Urban Forest Acoustics. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2010.

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Urban Forest Acoustics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30789-3.

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Bucur, Voichita. Urban Forest Acoustics. Springer, 2007.

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Bucur, Voichita. Urban Forest Acoustics. Springer, 2006.

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Atkinson, Niall. Noisy Renaissance: Sound, Architecture, and Florentine Urban Life. Pennsylvania State University Press, 2017.

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Urban Sound Environment. Taylor & Francis, 2006.

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Kang. Urban Sound Environment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2007.

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Urban, Felix. Acoustic Competence: Investigating sonic empowerment in urban cultures. Tectum Verlag, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Urban Acoustics"

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Jäcker-Cüppers, Michael. "Urban Noise Protection." In Handbook of Engineering Acoustics, 557–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69460-1_19.

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Gage, Stuart H., and Wooyeong Joo. "Urban Acoustics: Heartbeat of Lansing, Michigan, USA." In Ecoacoustics, 259–72. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119230724.ch15.

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Simion, Sorin, Angela Găman, Izabella Kovacs, Marius Kovacs, and Lorand Toth. "Road Traffic, Source of Urban Noise." In Acoustics and Vibration of Mechanical Structures—AVMS-2023, 111–19. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48087-4_12.

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Llorca, Josep, Héctor Zapata, Ernesto Redondo, Jesús Alba, and David Fonseca. "Bipolar Laddering Assessments Applied to Urban Acoustics Education." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 287–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77700-9_29.

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Benameur, Okba, Diego Altafini, and Valerio Cutini. "Form, Function and Acoustics: Productive Assets Placement and Relationship Between the Urban Soundscape Patterns and Configuration." In Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2021, 704–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86973-1_49.

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Kang, Jian. "Urban Acoustic Environment." In Design and Management of Sustainable Built Environments, 99–118. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4781-7_6.

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Brooks, Bennett M. "Soundscape and Urban Planning." In Soundscapes: Humans and Their Acoustic Environment, 81–117. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22779-0_4.

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Walczewski, Jacek. "Application of sodar in urban air-quality monitoring systems." In Acoustic Remote Sensing Applications, 385–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0009574.

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Offtermatt, David, Daniel Lust, and Tobias Erhart. "Box-Type Windows as Means for Better Air Quality and Acoustic Comfort in Urban Areas." In iCity. Transformative Research for the Livable, Intelligent, and Sustainable City, 315–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92096-8_21.

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AbstractControlled natural ventilation in office buildings can ensure the indoor thermal comfort while reducing the life cycle energy consumption for ventilation, compared to mechanical ventilation systems (e.g. HVAC). Natural ventilation is mostly used in moderate climate zones where air conditioning is not a standard. During intermediate seasons, buildings with HVAC systems can additionally use natural ventilation to reduce energy consumption. However, in dense urban areas, natural ventilation can be problematic in terms of acoustic comfort. Here, a box-type window can serve as a compromise between thermal and acoustic comfort. Due to the more complex handling of the box-type window, an automated (electric driven) novel box-type window approach was developed within the imaF project, a part of the iCity initiative. The following article describes the basics of automated natural ventilation, acoustic characterization as well as architectural integration of this window type and the optimization of the airflow through box-type windows. The results show that the proposed geometry can provide sound insulation while providing an appropriate air exchange rate.
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Bacria, Vasile, Eugen Ghita, and Nicolae Herisanu. "On Acoustic Comfort in Urban Transport on Rails." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 83–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69823-6_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Urban Acoustics"

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KANG, J. "URBAN SOUNDSCAPE." In Spring Conference Acoustics 2008. Institute of Acoustics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/17565.

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Miterska, Magdalena, and Janusz Kompala. "The Method of Soundscape Evaluation of Selected Urban Parks in Poland." In 2018 Joint Conference - Acoustics. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acoustics.2018.8502400.

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HINTON, JM, and B. SHIELD. "NOISE TRENDS IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENT." In Acoustics 1995. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/20073.

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PORTER, ND, S. RADCLIFFE, and IH FLINDELL. "NOISE LEVELS IN HIGH DENSITY URBAN DEVELOPMENTS." In Autumn Conference Acoustics 2004. Institute of Acoustics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/18042.

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MEMOLI, G., G. LICITRA, M. CERCHIAI, M. NOLLI, and D. PALAZZUOLI. "MEASURING SOUNDSCAPE IMPROVEMENT IN URBAN QUIET AREAS." In Spring Conference Acoustics 2008. Institute of Acoustics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/17557.

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ISMAIL, MR. "THE PROPAGATION OF NOISE THROUGH THE URBAN FABRIC." In Spring Conference Acoustics 2000. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/18592.

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WATERS, GL, C. WOOD, D. MOHITH, J. NAUMANN, B. PIPER, A. MURDOCK, H. NOTLEY, and L. MARAZZI. "ACOUSTIC BENEFITS OF GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IN URBAN AREAS A RAPID EVIDENCE REVIEW." In ACOUSTICS 2023. Institute of Acoustics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/16587.

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HARVIE-CLARK, J., R. ROMEO PITONE, L. PEREIRA, and A. MITCHELL. "INTEGRATING ACOUSTICS ENGINEERING AND SOUNDSCAPE DESIGN FOR AN URBAN PARK: A CASE STUDY." In ACOUSTICS 2023. Institute of Acoustics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/16591.

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SHIELD, B., and J. DOCKRELL. "THE EFFECTS OF NOISE ON EDUCATION IN URBAN SCHOOLS." In Spring Conference Acoustics 2005. Institute of Acoustics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/17911.

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KANG, J. "SOUND FIELDS IN URBAN STREETS WITH DIFFUSELY REFLECTING BOUNDARIES." In Spring Conference Acoustics 2000. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/18583.

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Reports on the topic "Urban Acoustics"

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Alberts, II, Coleman W.C., Noble Mark A., and John M. Fundamental Cases of Urban Acoustics and Their Interaction with Propagating Sound: Phase II. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada528765.

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Kamrath, Matthew, D. Wilson, Carl Hart, Daniel Breton, and Caitlin Haedrich. Evaluating parametric probability density functions for urban acoustic noise. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38006.

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wynn, Nora, and Fransiska Dannemann Dugick. Modeling Urban Acoustic Noise in the Las Vegas, NV Region. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1888618.

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Clark, J. Alan, Suzanne Macey, and Stefanie Siller. Bat Ecology, Conservation, And Bioacoustics. American Museum of Natural History, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5531/cbc.ncep.0183.

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Of the 6,500 or so different mammal species on earth, approximately 1,406 are from one group—bats! In other words, over 20% of known mammal diversity are bats. This module covers the basic biology and ecology of bats, the ecosystem services they provide, the threats they face globally, and how conservation actions can mitigate these threats. Students focus more locally in an accompanying exercise, Field Guide to the Bats in Your Neighborhood, where students are asked to research and present on bats in their region. In the case-study based exercise, Bats in the City? An Exploration of Acoustic Monitoring of Bats, students analyze acoustic data to answer ecological questions. Overall, students are introduced to bat ecology and conservation, urban biodiversity, bat echolocations/vocalizations, and the monitoring of these species through analyzing acoustic recordings with specialized software, Kaleidoscope. These materials were made in association with City Bats, a program in New York City designed to teach students more about the scientific process and urban biodiversity.
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Young, Stuart H., and Michael V. Scanlon. Detection and Localization with an Acoustic Array on a Small Robotic Platform in Urban Environments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada410432.

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POWER FLOW ANALYSIS OF BRIDGE U-RIB STIFFENED PLATES BASED ON THE CONCEPT OF STRUCTURAL INTENSITY. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2020.p.061.

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Due to its advantages of good mechanical properties, simple appearance and strong adaptability, the steel box girder is being widely utilized in urban bridges. The noise radiated by steel box girders subjected to vehicle impacts has the characteristics of wide-spectrum, high-magnitude and control difficulty. U-rib stiffened roof, as a part of the steel box girder, directly bears the input load, which is the basis of studying the vibration of the steel box girder. Currently, the investigation on the vibro-acoustic performance of U-rib plates is very limited. With this regard, this paper introduces the concept of Structural Intensity (SI). The SI vector is calculated by the Finite Element (FE) method. The power flow is visualized by the self-programming post-processing code. The global and local vibration energy transmission characters of a U-rib stiffened plate under a harmonic nodal force are analyzed. Further, the influence of plate thickness is investigated. The optimum design is carried out based on the engineering standard dimensions. The research results indicate that increasing the thickness ratio of the U-rib to the baseplate is beneficial to reducing the vibration.
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