Academic literature on the topic 'Urban agriculture – Zimbabwe – Bulawayo'

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Journal articles on the topic "Urban agriculture – Zimbabwe – Bulawayo"

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Moyo, Philani. "Urban Agriculture and Poverty Mitigation in Zimbabwe: Prospects and Obstacles in Bulawayo Townships." Journal of Human Ecology 42, no. 2 (May 2013): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2013.11906586.

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Dube, Thulani, Saziso Sibanda, and Phibion Chiwara. "Adapting peri-urban agriculture to climate change in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe: A qualitative assessment." Cogent Social Sciences 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1944486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.1944486.

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Mpofu, Busani. "Perpetual ‘Outcasts’? Squatters in peri-urban Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Afrika Focus 25, no. 2 (February 25, 2012): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-02502005.

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After independence in 1980 Zimbabwe’s cities experienced a proliferation in the number of squatter camps. This was because of the failure of the urban economy to offer adequate housing and jobs, leaving peri-urban space as the only sanctuary for the urban poor to live in and eke out a living informally. The promotion of rural ‘growth points’ by the national government to promote rural development to discourage migration to urban areas failed. Yet, a poor policy response by the state to this negative outcome of rapid urbanisation that aims to reverse this rural-urban migration has led to unending confrontations between its various arms and squatters who continue to be regarded as encroachers. Focussing on Bulawayo, the second largest city in Zimbabwe, and based on interviews, archival research, Council minutes and newspapers, this article critiques the state’s urban development policy vis-à-vis squatters and informality. It is argued that the persistence of a salient perception by government officials that all Africans belong to rural areas and have access to land they can fall back on in hard times serves as a vital lubricant to the state’s action of forcibly sending squatters to rural areas. This ignores the historical pattern of rapid urbanisation and the growth ofinformal economies supporting the livelihoods of thousands of people. I seek to add to the literature on low-cost housing shortages, urban squatters and peri-urbanism in Zimbabwe and on studies of informality in Third World cities in general.
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Hammar, Amanda. "Urban Displacement and Resettlement in Zimbabwe: The Paradoxes of Propertied Citizenship." African Studies Review 60, no. 3 (November 29, 2017): 81–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2017.123.

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Abstract:This article examines what urban displacement and resettlement can reveal about the nature of, and co-constitutive relationships among, property, authority, and citizenship. It focuses on an unusual case in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, where long-term illegal squatters living under constant threat of violent displacement by various local and national authorities were formally resettled by the Bulawayo City Council on peri-urban plots with houses. What surfaces are some of the paradoxes of propertied citizenship and of attaining seemingly “proper” lives in conditions of sustained marginality, a result that is not entirely unexpected when impoverished squatters are resettled far outside the frame of the city and its possibilities.
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MSINDO, ENOCENT. "ETHNICITY AND NATIONALISM IN URBAN COLONIAL ZIMBABWE: BULAWAYO, 1950 TO 1963." Journal of African History 48, no. 2 (July 2007): 267–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853707002538.

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ABSTRACTZimbabwean historians have not yet fully assessed the interaction of two problematic identities, ethnicity and nationalism, to determine whether the two can work as partners and successfully co-exist. This essay argues that, in Bulawayo during the period studied, ethnicity co-existed with and complemented nationalism rather than the two working as polar opposite identities. Ethnic groups provided both the required leaders who became prominent nationalist figures and the precolonial history, personalities and monuments that sparked the nationalist imagination. From the 1950s, ethnic groups expanded their horizons and provided platforms from which emerging African nationalists launched their agenda. Understanding these interrelationships will reshape our understanding of the workings of these two identities in a cosmopolitan town.
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Grant, Miriam. "Difficult Debut: Social and Economic Identities of Urban Youth in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 37, no. 2/3 (2003): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4107245.

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Ngulani, T., and C. M. Shackleton. "Use of public urban green spaces for spiritual services in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 38 (February 2019): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2018.11.009.

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Grant, Miriam. "Difficult Debut: Social and Economic Identities of Urban Youth in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines 37, no. 2-3 (January 2003): 411–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2003.10751274.

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Moyo, Philani. "Urban Livelihoods after the Fast Track Land Reform Programme in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Journal of Human Ecology 42, no. 1 (April 2013): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2013.11906578.

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Chigwenya, Average. "Financing Low-income Housing in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe: Implications for the Right to the City and Inclusivity." Urban Development Issues 64, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/udi-2019-0022.

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Abstract Accessing finances for housing has been a major problem for people on low-incomes and this has been weighing heavily on them as they try to access housing. Financial institutions in the city of Bulawayo are failing to come up with financial products that suit low-income clients. There are an estimated 110000 low-income residents among the estimated 250000 residents of Cowdray Park low-density residential area in Bulawayo. This has also affected their right to the city as they have been excluded from the housing delivery system. There are so many initiatives that have been available to those on a low-income but these initiatives have rarely benefited the urban poor of the city. This research has examined how the financial services that exist in the housing sector have been crafted to benefit the urban poor. The research employed a mixed methods approach to the inquiry, where a questionnaire was the main quantitative method used and in-depth interviews and observations were the qualitative methods that complemented it. The research found that there are various financial services that are available in Zimbabwe, but these financial facilities rarely help the urban poor. The majority of the poor have been managing without any financial support and this has been stalling their access to housing. Most housing products are fashioned along neo-liberal economic principles that have very little to offer the urban poor. This has therefore denied the urban poor in the city of Bulawayo their right to the city. Most cities in Zimbabwe are struggling to satisfy their housing demand as they have long housing waiting lists. Research therefore recommends the crafting of financial facilities that are best targeted on the urban poor, and are specially adapted to their financial conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Urban agriculture – Zimbabwe – Bulawayo"

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Ziga, Metron. "Home-based agricultural production as a food security coping strategy for urban households: A case of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6556.

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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)
Urban food insecurity in Zimbabwe is a serious stumbling block to the attainment of sustainable urban livelihoods. The casual factors of the urban food crisis in the country include widespread poverty, an unstable economic environment, a reduction of viable employment opportunities and climate-related shocks. The cash-based nature of urban livelihoods, coupled with the economic crisis in Zimbabwe has generated a serious challenge for urban households as basic food prices have increased to such an extent that most urban dwellers experience difficulties in purchasing food. In a context of high poverty and unemployment, urban agriculture has emerged as a food security and livelihood diversification strategy for many poor urban households. Whilst there is a growing body of literature focusing on urban agriculture in Zimbabwe, it has largely focused on community and allotment gardens. There has, however, been little empirical investigation of home-based (or backyard) agricultural production. While backyard gardens have always existed, they have grown in response to poor economic conditions and adverse livelihood conditions. The Bulawayo Municipal Council Agriculture Policy has facilitated this expansion, especially the growth of poultry production. This study addresses this gap in the literature by investigating the contribution of home-based agricultural production in promoting household food security and livelihoods in Bulawayo. A mixed methods approach was utilised for the purposes of the study. In the quantitative part of the study, 99 households were randomly sampled whilst 10 purposively sampled interviews with urban farmers, 3 key informant interviews and 1 focus group discussion were employed for the qualitative part of the study. The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, which was used as a theoretical framework of the study, helped to unpack the various livelihood diversification strategies and asset portfolios that poor people depend on for their well-being. Contrary to our initial assumption, the results of the study revealed that 71 percent of the households in the study area were food secure. The findings of the study reveal that home-based urban agriculture is an important food security coping strategy in Bulawayo. The high levels of food security in Bulawayo should however, not be solely attributed to the practice of urban agriculture as 75 percent of the respondents bought their food from supermarkets and other shops. Urban agriculture thus plays a complimentary role to household food security in Bulawayo.
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Moyo, Philani. "Urban Food Insecurity, Coping Strategies and Resistance in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509016.

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Ngulani, Thembelihle Tshandapiwa. "Assessing selected ecosystem services in urban green spaces in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5856.

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Urbanization has resulted in the building of numerous structures such as buildings and roads which reduces the amount of natural land. Urban space planning has taken this into consideration resulting in planned urban green spaces and remnant land within urban areas. Urban green spaces provide a number of ecosystem services which are beneficial to urban residents. This study sought to determine residents’ use and perception of urban green spaces in Bulawayo, the second largest city in Zimbabwe, and to quantify and value four selected ecosystem services, i.e. carbon sequestration by urban trees, urban heat island amelioration, spiritual services and firewood provision. All ecosystem services were valued using local a variety of direct or substitutive methods. Questionnaires were administered at green spaces to green space users to capture responses on reasons why they use green spaces and their perception of green spaces. Residents’ responses showed that they appreciate green spaces as multidimensional spaces which provide a number of benefits for cultural and provisioning services. The role of the green spaces in providing regulating services was not well appreciated by the residents as they did not directly experience these benefits. An association was revealed between primary purpose of visit to urban green spaces and household income. Residents in areas of medium and high density housing visited green spaces on a daily basis, whereas those in more affluent, low density housing areas visited green spaces less often, i.e. a few times a month Carbon sequestration rate was determined by measuring tree diameter within one year to determine increase in carbon sequestered. Bulawayo’s urban green spaces sequester 3 290 t/C/yr valued at approximately $13 000/yr. There was a significant difference in carbon sequestration by urban trees between formal and informal green spaces with formal green spaces sequestering more carbon. Indigenous trees were shown to sequester more carbon than exotic trees and trees with bigger stem diameter were determined sequester more carbon than trees with small diameter. The effect of urban green spaces on ambient temperature was determined by measuring ambient air temperature in green spaces and built up areas over six months. Urban green spaces in Bulawayo play a role in urban micro-climate regulation by reducing the ambient temperature in the green spaces as well as is built up areas. The mean difference between green spaces and surrounding urban areas was up to 60C, with larger green spaces generally showing larger differences. The green spaces extend their cooling effect to surrounding areas thus reducing the temperatures in surrounding residential areas thus reducing the energy demand used for indoor cooling. To determine why residents worship in green spaces, questionnaires were administered to congregation members to capture reasons why and how often they worship in green spaces, challenges faced by the congregants as well as assistance that can be given by the Bulawayo city council to improve the outdoor worship experience. Green spaces offer ideal places for worship in natural areas for congregants to be in touch with nature. The green spaces are also used by some congregations who ordinarily would worship in buildings but fail to do so due to lack of funds for rent or to purchase or construct a church building to use. The value of Bulawayo’s green spaces spiritual services was determined to be $92.50/ha/yr. Firewood provision was also determined by measuring tree diameter within one year to determine increase in fuelwood. The green spaces showed a significant difference in firewood production among sites. Formal green spaces were shown to produce more firewood as compared to informal green spaces and no difference was determined in growth rates between exotic and indigenous tree species. Bulawayo’s green spaces produce 1.9t/ha/yr of firewood with an ecosystem service value of $340 to $490 /ha/yr. These findings indicate the importance of urban green spaces in Bulawayo. They are multifunctional spaces, providing multiple ecosystem services. The local appreciation of the services provided by urban green spaces differs according to the type of service and location in the city. The value of services provided by green spaces is high, albeit not taken into account in planning decisions.
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Sivalo, Delta Mbonisi. "A sociological understanding of urban governance and social accountability: the case of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/71515.

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This thesis seeks to understand the ways in which urban governance and urban-based civic participation interact with each other in contemporary Zimbabwe, with a particular focus on the factors influencing and shaping social accountability and effective citizen involvement in urban governance processes. This main objective is pursued with specific reference to Bulawayo, which is one of two metropolitan centres in Zimbabwe. The focus is specifically on questions around social accountability, citizen participation and centralised urban governance. In this regard, it is important to recognise that social accountability and urban governance need to be understood in the context of their inherent relationship and how these both shape and determine each other. In this respect, there is need to probe the foundations that shape the lived experiences of communities, through social accountability and urban governance, and how these pattern development and social change. Zimbabwe for over a decade now has gone through a series of economic and political crises which have impacted detrimentally on urban governance. With the economy in free-fall, local authorities have had to pursue a range of strategies to sustain themselves. These socio-economic conditions have forced a change in relations between the state, cities and citizens. Many studies have examined this regarding the politics of contestation between the ruling party (ZANU-PF), the state, and the main opposition party (MDC) in urban governance in Zimbabwe. However, this study zeros in on social accountability and how it is shaped by the prevailing socio-economic and political environment in Zimbabwe. At the same time, the lived experiences of communities vary and this variance influences and affects social accountability interventions and outcomes in cities like Bulawayo. Importantly, the thesis offers a longitudinal study which can map the contextual factors affecting and influencing social accountability in Bulawayo over time. Though recognising the debilitating effects of centralised urban governance on social accountability, the thesis also raises questions about the shifting, and often tenuous, relationship between the city and the central state, on one hand, and the city and its citizens on the other. In doing so, it considers the role of citizens, institutions and actors in responding to the impacts of urban governance and social accountability. In pursuing this thesis, a range of mainly qualitative research methods were used, including key informant interviews, focus group discussions, observation and use of documents. In the end, the thesis offers a nuanced analysis of the everyday complexities and challenges for social accountability in urban Bulawayo, Zimbabwe and thereby contributes to theorising social accountability and urban governance in Africa more broadly.
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Sithole, Mkhokheli. "Improving people’s well-being through urban garden farming.(Case of allotment gardens in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe)." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Geography, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-5504.

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The study seeks to understand the importance and relevance of Urban Agriculture (UA) in the form of urban garden farming for vulnerable groups of people in the city of Bulawayo in Zimbabwe. The study is based on fieldwork which was carried out between June and August 2008 in Bulawayo. This was also the time of political uncertainty due to shameful presidential elections which were presided and followed by violence and intimidation of the civilians. The focus of the study is on how urban gardens contribute to livelihoods and well being of the beneficiaries.

The thesis employs the capability approach to address the research problem. The capability approach is modified and operationalised in a model that is relevant to this particular study. In the ensuing capability framework, gardens are treated as goods or services that enable beneficiaries to enjoy various capability sets.

The study reveals that urban gardens are important in providing livelihoods and improving well-beings in crumbling urban economies such as that of Bulawayo. Beneficiaries utilise the capability sets provided by gardens in an attempt to improve their well being. Capability sets which include food security, income generation, political participation and social capital related are also critically discussed exploring their relevance and significance in improving people’s lives.

One of the important issues in this study has been to acknowledge the diversity that exists amongst people. Even though the capability sets might be the same, they are explored differently by different people depending on external and internal factors affecting an individual. This makes the capability approach a powerful tool in that it enables a realistic understanding of people’s individual problems and potentials. In the Capability framework approach, various factors such as gender, physical condition, skill, education and institutions are discussed and their influence on what the beneficiaries can achieve from the gardens and the kind of life they want to choose to pursue thereafter is elaborated upon.

Beneficiaries from the same garden benefitted in a different way depending on how they used the capability sets. This thus tended to determine the kind of life they eventually could chose to live. It is thus important in development studies to pay particular attention to individual problems and abilities than to study people en masse.

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Velempini, Eunice. "Food accessibility for low-income urban families in the high-density suburbs of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/MQ37823.pdf.

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Mpofu, Busani. "No place for 'undesirables' : the urban poor's struggle for survival in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, 1960-2005." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4449.

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This thesis studies the social history of the poor in Bulawayo, the second largest city in Zimbabwe, between 1960 and 2005. This is accomplished by focusing on the housing and unemployment crises they faced and the manifest reluctance of authorities to either provide enough housing or to accept mushrooming informal housing and economic activities in response to these acute shortages. I attempt to highlight the fragility of the poor’s claim to the right to permanent urban residency emphasizing inadequate state funding and poverty and continuities in some discourses from colonial to the post colonial era as factors responsible for spreading and sustaining the discrimination against low income earners in the city. These included authorities’ perceptions that all Africans belonged to rural areas, have access to land, and that low income Africans were immoral and unclean. While these perceptions tended to be fuelled by the racial divide between whites and blacks during the colonial period, class and gender dynamics among Africans crisscrossed that racial divide. After independence, while these perceptions were still alive, central government policy ambitions and failures were instrumental in influencing the welfare and fate of the urban masses and their relations with the former middle class Africans and nationalist leaders who assumed power in 1980. It becomes clear that there was a misunderstanding by authorities on how most of the rural land was not able to support some families because of infertility or lack of resources to successfully till the land by most some families. The overall conclusion is that poor people’s rights to permanent residency were elusive up to 2005 and their living and survival space has been continuing to shrink in the city.
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Rödlach, Alexander. "Blaming "others" for HIV/AIDS in an urban township in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe witchcraft beliefs and conspiracy suspicions /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011345.

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Chibvongodze, Danford Tafadzwa. "The ruralization of urban spaces in the context of subsistence farming : the case study of Gwabalanda Township, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11340.

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The burgeoning of subsistence agriculture in the townships of Bulawayo, the second largest city in Zimbabwe symbolizes a change in the use of urban space in many cities of the global South. The activity of subsistence agriculture, which in both colonial and post-colonial Zimbabwe has been highly regarded as a rural activity is now a common sight in most townships of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe (RAUF, 2007). Indeed the rise of subsistence agriculture in the residential areas of Bulawayo particularly in the township of Gwabalanda is leading to what I refer to as the ‘ruralization of urban space’, where through practises of subsistence agriculture, elements of rural life have slowly seeped into the everyday life of urbanites (cf. Rogerson, 1993:33; Zeleza, 1999:45). The thesis uses Lefebvre’s (1974) theory of Production of Space to investigate some of the conditions and factors that have influenced the ruralization of urban space in the township of Gwabalanda, as seen in the intensification of a rural-oriented activity of subsistence farm. Using primary data from 17 semi-structured interviews with Gwabalanda residents involved in farming, the thesis intended to interrogate the perceptions and attitudes Gwabalanda residents hold towards the changes in the use of urban space and also examine the possible benefits of urban farming. The investigation of subsistence farming in Gwabalanda led me to identify three complementing and overarching themes or factors that drive urban farming and the ruralization of urban space. The first two themes are the political and economic factors which seem to operate on a macro-level, whereas the other theme of socio-cultural factors functions at an individual or household level. Economic and political factors such unemployment, lack of income, high transport costs of moving food, political alienation and freedom were identified by Gwabalanda residents as important drivers of urban agriculture. On the other hand, socio-cultural aspects which included identity, traditional religion, socialization and changes in migration patterns appeared to be crucial motivators for cultivating urban spaces. The research study also found out that urban households that are engaged in subsistence farming are more food secure and generate extra income from selling some of the produced crops. The income generated is used to pay school fees, pay bills and buy farming inputs for the next planting season. Furthermore some households were sending excess farm produce to their rural homes.
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Msindo, E. "Ethnicity and nationalism in urban colonial Zimbabwe : Bulawayo, 1950 to 1963." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006813.

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Zimbabwean historians have not yet fully assessed the interaction of two problematic identities, ethnicity and nationalism, to determine whether the two can work as partners and successfully co-exist. This essay argues that, in Bulawayo during the period studied, ethnicity co-existed with and complemented nationalism rather than the two working as polar opposite identities. Ethnic groups provided both the required leaders who became prominent nationalist figures and the precolonial history, personalities and monuments that sparked the nationalist imagination. From the 1950s, ethnic groups expanded their horizons and provided platforms from which emerging African nationalists launched their agenda. Understanding these interrelationships will reshape our understanding of the workings of these two identities in a cosmopolitan town.
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Books on the topic "Urban agriculture – Zimbabwe – Bulawayo"

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Zaaijer, Mirjam. Urban economic restructuring and local institutional response: The case of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Rotterdam: Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies, 1998.

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Urban agriculture in Zimbabwe: Implications for urban management and poverty. Aldershot: Avebury, 1995.

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Bowyer-Bower, T. A. S. The environmental implications of (illegal) urban agriculture in Harare, Zimbabwe. [Harare?]: ODA Project R5946, 1995.

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Shingirayi, Mushamba, Zimbabwe Environmental Law Association, and Municipal Development Programme for Eastern and Southern Africa., eds. A review and analysis of the policy and legislative framework for urban agriculture in Zimbabwe: Study. [Harare]: Zimbabwe Environmental Law Association, 2005.

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ENDA-Zimbabwe. Research, Development, and Consultancy Division., ed. Urban agriculture in Zimbabwe: Realities and prospects : proceedings of a workshop organised by ETC International and ENDA-Zimbabwe, Mandel Training Centre, June 1996. Harare, Zimbabwe: Research, Development and Consultancy Division, Environment and Development Activities-Zimbabwe, 1996.

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ENDA Zimbabwe. Research, Development, and Consultancy Division., ed. Urban agriculture in Gweru: Proceedings of a one-day workshop organized by ENDA-Zimbabwe, Midlands Hotel, Gweru, 16 October 1996. Harare, Zimbabwe: Research Development and Consultancy Division, Environment and Development Activities-Zimbabwe, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Urban agriculture – Zimbabwe – Bulawayo"

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Ziga, Metron, and Abdulrazak Karriem. "Role of Urban Agriculture Policy in Promoting Food Security in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Futures, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51812-7_279-1.

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Matamanda, Abraham R., Tiisetso Dube, and Maléne Campbell. "Studentification and Its Interplay on Urban Form and Urban Policy: Reflection from Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." In The Urban Book Series, 57–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71539-7_4.

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Magwaro-Ndiweni, Linda, and Virginia Madiro. "The Plight of Peri-urban Communities—A Case Study of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." In SpringerBriefs in Geography, 117–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-34231-3_10.

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Toriro, Percy. "Gender dynamics in the Musikavanhu urban agriculture movement, Harare, Zimbabwe." In Women Feeding Cities, 93–104. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780440460.006.

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Toriro, Percy. "More Than Urban Agriculture: A Case for Planning for Urban Food Security in Harare, Zimbabwe." In The Urban Book Series, 181–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71539-7_10.

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Matenga, Luckymore. "Placing Climate Change in Wetland Conservation and Urban Agriculture Contestations in Harare, Zimbabwe." In The Geography of Climate Change Adaptation in Urban Africa, 155–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04873-0_6.

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Pedersen, Poul Ove. "Trade in African Rural Development: The Case of Zimbabwe." In Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture in Africa, 93–113. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429432361-7.

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"Zimbabwe – “Livelihoods in a sack:” gendered dimensions of sack potato farming among poor households in urban Zimbabwe." In Women in Agriculture Worldwide, 105–16. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315546780-17.

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Chirisa, Innocent, Gift Mhlanga, Buhle Dube, and Liaison Mukarwi. "Metropolitan Councils." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 252–70. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5448-6.ch012.

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Although no traction in the envisioned direction has been observed since the adoption of the concept of “metropolitan councils” in the Constitution of Zimbabwe (Amendment No. 20 of 2013), there is much potential, scope, and sense in the idea to spur urban and regional development under the impact of urbanization in the country and beyond. In the Constitution of Zimbabwe, Section 269, Harare and Bulawayo Metropolitan are the only regions due for metropolitan councils. The present study seeks to unravel three critical aspects surrounding the concept metropolitan councils as a new paradigm for urban and regional planning and development in Zimbabwe. The study is based on archival methods, which make use of existing documents including the Constitution of Zimbabwe amendment No.20, media reports, reports and plans, by local authorities, among others. Textual and content analysis have been applied to decipher and pigeonhole into different issues towards clustering them into meaningful themes, hence molding the debate of the chapter.
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"Contestations and coalitions in urban water supply: the state, the city and the politics of water in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." In Integrated Water Resources Management, Institutions and Livelihoods under Stress, 135–52. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14881-14.

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