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Journal articles on the topic 'Urban ditches'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Qiu, Chunqi, Yufeng Li, Alan L. Wright, et al. "Spatial Effects of Urban-Rural Ditch Connectivity Gradient Changes on Water Quality to Support Ditch Optimization and Management." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (2021): 8329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158329.

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Ditch networks play crucial roles in regulating water fluxes with their surroundings. The connectivity of ditches can have great impacts on nutrient migration and transformations. However, connectivity patterns related to ditch networks have rarely been studied, especially the relationships with water quality assessed through spatial analysis. This paper considered ditch connectivity and water quality indicators comprehensively, using spatial autocorrelation and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models, to analyze the impact of ditch connectivity on water quality from urban to rural gra

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Sunahara, T., M. Mogi, and Makmur Selomo. "A11 Distribution of Culex quinquefasciatus immatures in urban ditches in South Sulawesi, Indonesia." Medical Entomology and Zoology 48, Supplement (1997): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.48.27_1.

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Omran, Isam I., Nabeel H. Al-Saati, Hyam H. Al-Saati, Khalid S. Hashim, and Zainab N. Al-Saati. "Sustainability assessment of wastewater treatment techniques in urban areas of Iraq using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)." Water Practice and Technology 16, no. 2 (2021): 648–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2021.013.

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Abstract Sustainable development is based on environmental, social, economic, and technical dimensions. In this study, the sustainability of wastewater treatment techniques in urban areas of Iraq was assessed using a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)/the weighted sum model (WSM). The analysis was performed on 13 operating wastewater treatment plants in 10 provinces, Iraq, using a questionnaire sheet with the assistance of 52 specialists in the Ministry of Municipalities and Public Works, Iraq. Four types of wastewater treatment techniques (Conventional Treatment, Oxidation Ditches, Aerat

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4

Mu, Cao. "A FLOW OF WEALTH: WASTEWATER DISPOSAL IN REPUBLICAN TIANJIN." Journal of Chinese History 2, no. 2 (2018): 393–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jch.2018.12.

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ABSTRACTTianjin is the largest port city in Northern China and a major hub for water and land transportation. For geological reasons, the city has long been troubled by water drainage problems. To remove wastewater from within its walls, the city developed a drain system which relies on human labor and a series of variously sized ditches. Unlike the modern sewage system, which simply discharges wastewater into surrounding rivers and the sea, Tianjin's traditional wastewater disposal system worked in concert with an urban manure collection system. Urban wastewater was recycled as fertilizer, a

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Boller, M. "Towards sustainable urban stormwater management." Water Supply 4, no. 1 (2004): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2004.0007.

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New directives for the management of urban stormwater prioritize infiltration and direct discharge into receiving waters. This requires innovative new stormwater facilities in urban areas. Besides hydraulic requirements for retention and infiltration capacity, the pollutants contained in the runoff water are of primary importance in future stormwater drainage concepts. Different urban surfaces are classified according to their potential for pollutant wash-off and the most crucial substances in view of hazardous effects in the aquatic and terrestrial environment are identified. Source control o

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Leisnham, Paul T., Brandon Scott, Andrew H. Baldwin, and Shannon L. LaDeau. "Effects of Detritus on the Mosquito Culex pipiens: Phragmites and Schedonorus (Festuca) Invasion Affect Population Performance." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21 (2019): 4118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214118.

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Species interactions that influence the performance of the exotic mosquito Culex pipiens can have important effects on the transmission risk of West Nile virus (WNV). Invasive plants that alter the vegetation communities of ephemeral ground pools may facilitate or resist the spread of C. pipiens (L.) by altering allochthonous inputs of detritus in those pools. To test this hypothesis, we combined field surveys of roadside stormwater ditches with a laboratory microcosm experiment to examine relationships between C. pipiens performance and water quality in systems containing detritus from invasi

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De Silva, Prathiba M., and John M. Marshall. "Factors Contributing to Urban Malaria Transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/819563.

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Sub-Saharan Africa suffers by far the greatest malaria burden worldwide and is currently undergoing a profound demographic change, with a growing proportion of its population moving to urban areas. Urbanisation is generally expected to reduce malaria transmission; however the disease still persists in African cities, in some cases at higher levels than in nearby rural areas.Objective. This paper aims to collate and analyse risk factors for urban malaria transmission throughout sub-Saharan Africa and to discuss their implications for control.Methods. A systematic search on malaria and urbanisat

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Rabajczyk, Anna, Kamila Orlińska, and Katarzyna Żak. "Possibilities for reduction of selected pollutants in urban area rainfall wastewater with the use of ditches." Desalination and Water Treatment 57, no. 3 (2015): 1370–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1017320.

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Lv, Yin-Zhi, Xiao-Jun Luo, Jian-Liang Zhao, Shan-Quan Wang, and Bi-Xian Mai. "Occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in sediments from black-odor ditches in urban areas from China." Science of The Total Environment 787 (September 2021): 147554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147554.

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10

Lazarovici, Gheorghe, and Cornelia-Magda Lazarovici. "Are there cities and fairs in the neolithic? Part I – from PPN to late Neolithic (Part II is refering to Copper Age)." Acta Terrae Septemcastrensis 18, no. 1 (2019): 22–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/actatr-2019-0002.

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Abstract In this study we have resumed the problem of Neolithic settlements with a complex architecture (defense systems with ditches, palisades, towers, bastions; residential buildings; cult constructions; social constructions) which support the idea of a proto-urban organization since the PPN. We have analyzed current definitions of cities and fairs, which mainly reflect situations from classical antiquity and the Middle Ages, but they cannot be applied to prehistoric realities, which, according to interdisciplinary research, offer another perspective. We also believe that religion too has p

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Petehyrych, Volodymyr. "Horodnytsia nad Dnistrom – unknown medieval city in Halych land." Materials and studies on archaeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian area 23 (November 26, 2019): 126–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/mdapv.2019-23-126-153.

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Early Medieval materials from the complex of sites near the village Horodnytsia, Horodenka district, Ivano-Frankivsk region are analyzed. These sites are represented by hill-fort, cemeteries and numerous finds that are kept in museum collections of Lviv, Krakow, Warsaw, Vienna and in private collections. The hill-fort in Horodnytsia was discovered in 1876 by W. Przybysławski and described in detail by I. Kopernicki. The site is classified as a complex one – it occupies four localities and has a well-preserved system of fortification ramparts and ditches. It is supposed that original settlement

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Los Huertos, Marc, Lowell E. Gentry, and Carol Shennan. "Land Use and Stream Nitrogen Concentrations in Agricultural Watersheds Along the Central Coast of California." Scientific World JOURNAL 1 (2001): 615–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.315.

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In coastal California nitrogen (N) in runoff from urban and agricultural land is suspected to impair surface water quality of creeks and rivers that discharge into the Monterey Bay Sanctuary. However, quantitative data on the impacts of land use activities on water quality are largely limited to unpublished reports and do not estimate N loading. We report on spatial and temporal patterns of N concentrations for several coastal creeks and rivers in central California. During the 2001 water year, we estimated that the Pajaro River at Chittenden exported 302.4 Mg of total N. Nitrate-N concentrati

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Willemsen, G. D., H. F. Gast, R. O. G. Franken, and J. G. M. Cuppen. "Urban Storm Water Discharges: Effects upon Communities of Sessile Diatoms and Macro-Invertebrates." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 10-11 (1990): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0299.

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From 1985 to 1987, long-term and more or less permanent effects of discharges from combined or separate sewer systems on communities of sessile diatoms and macro-invertebrates in receiving waters have been studied. Sessile diatoms and/or macro-invertebrates have been investigated on 46 locations, spread all over The Netherlands. The results were related to the type of sewer system, the discharges, and the characteristics of the receiving water, and compared with results from sample(s) taken from a corresponding water not influenced by sewer overflows, the reference water. In general, communiti

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Kobojek, Elżbieta. "Anthropogenic Transformation and the Possibility of Renaturalising Small Rivers and Their Valleys in Cities – Łódź and Lviv Examples." European Spatial Research and Policy 22, no. 1 (2015): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/esrp-2015-0016.

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Rivers used to serve important functions in the development of cities, and river valleys are a part of the urban space. Regardless of several centuries of anthropogenic influences large rivers and their valleys have remained the dominant elements of the cityscape. In the case of small rivers and valleys the situation has been different. The expansion of urban infrastructure often led to an elimination of rivers and their valleys from the developed area. In many cases rivers were directed down straightened concrete ditches and sometimes the locations of their channels were changed altogether. I

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Wu, Chun Yi, Yu Tung Fu, Zong Han Yang, Chih Ming Kao, and Yao Ting Tu. "Using Multi-Function Constructed Wetland for Urban Stream Restoration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 3072–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.3072.

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In 2007, a 2.8-ha multi-function constructed wetland was successfully built in Pingtung County, Taiwan to improve the water quality of local stream and ecosystem of the surrounding environment. The mean inflow rate was approximately 1,350 m3/day. The major influents of the wetland come from the local drainage ditches and streams mainly containing returned water from upstream farmlands and secondary wastewater from hog farms located in the upper catchment of the wetland. Thus, the influents contain moderate to high concentrations of organics and nutrients. The mean measured hydraulic loading ra

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Van Leeuwen, C. J., and R. M. A. Sjerps. "The City Blueprint of Amsterdam: an assessment of integrated water resources management in the capital of the Netherlands." Water Supply 15, no. 2 (2014): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2014.127.

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In this study the sustainability of integrated water resources management in Amsterdam has been reviewed using the City Blueprint approach. The City Blueprint® is a set of 24 dedicated indicators divided over eight categories, i.e., water security, water quality, drinking water, sanitation, infrastructure, climate robustness, biodiversity and attractiveness, and governance including public participation. In 2006 the various urban water-related services in Amsterdam were brought under one roof, culminating in the country's first water cycle company called Waternet. Waternet is responsible for s

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Zuievska, Natalia, Liubov Shaidetska, and Valentina Gubashova. "IMPACT OF VARYING PROPERTIES OF GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE FORMATION OF LOADS AT SHALLOW-LAYING UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES." Geoengineering, no. 3 (December 14, 2020): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219322.

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Purpose. The purpose of this work is to consider the prospects for the use of jet grouting in urban development. On the example of the considered engineering-geological conditions to show the possibility of wide application of soil-cement elements. Methodology. To consider the main characteristic features of jet grouting, which prevail over traditional geotechnical technologies. To show the possibility of performing soil-cement elements not only in the conditions of strengthening the soil bases, but also in the conditions of anti-filtration elements when performing the protection of ditches. T

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Clemens, Randall F. "“College for All? These Kids Can’t Dig Ditches”: Confronting the Leadership Challenges for Justice-Based Reform in Underperforming Schools." Journal of Cases in Educational Leadership 22, no. 1 (2018): 95–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555458918799129.

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The case explores the challenges of school leaders to facilitate social justice–based reforms for low-income students of color who attend underperforming schools. In particular, it examines the 1st-year experiences of Principal Yolanda Lopez at Kennedy High School, an underperforming and underresourced urban public high school. Lopez is tasked with improving college access and readiness among all students. As the year progresses—and pressures mount from various stakeholders—she questions the viability of sustained reform and her own role as a change agent within a complex and often unjust syst

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19

GLON, MAEL G., BRONWYN W. WILLIAMS, and ZACHARY J. LOUGHMAN. "Lacunicambarus dalyae: a new species of burrowing crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the southeastern United States." Zootaxa 4683, no. 3 (2019): 361–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4683.3.3.

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The Jewel Mudbug, Lacunicambarus dalyae sp. nov., is a large, colorful primary burrowing crayfish found in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi and Tennessee. This species is most similar in appearance to the Paintedhand Mudbug, L. polychromatus, a species found across the Midwestern United States. The ranges of the two species overlap minimally, and they can be distinguished from each other based on several characters, the most notable of which is the much longer central projection of the gonopod in Form I and II males of L. dalyae sp. nov. relative to L. polychromatus. Like its congeners,

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Vaes, G., and J. Berlamont. "Design rules and impact assessment for source control measures based on continuous long-term simulations." Water Science and Technology 45, no. 7 (2002): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0113.

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In recent years, more emphasis has been put on source control measures in order to reduce the peak runoff from urban areas during wet weather conditions. This involves the construction of upstream storage and infiltration facilities and rainwater tanks for reuse in households and the revaluation of ditches. Because of the long emptying times of source control facilities, a long antecedent period of rainfall influences the design. In addition, these facilities most often have an outflow which is not linearly varying with the storage. Because of the high variability of the rainfall, the required

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Voicu, Gheorghe, Mirela Dincă, Paula Tudor, and George Ipate. "Aspects Regarding the Collection and Removal of Rainfall Water on Landfill Final Cover." Advanced Engineering Forum 27 (April 2018): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.27.155.

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This paper presents an analysis of the rainwater flow on the final cover slopes of an urban landfill so as to ensure the drainage of infiltrate water through the drainage layer applied across the geomembrane of cover layer, with a runoff coefficient as low as possible. It is presented a calculation model for the transmissivity of the drainage layer depending on the thickness and on its hydraulic characteristics and also on the topsoil layer applied to the surface, as well as depending on the coating slope length. This calculation is made for both a side with a single slope (tilt) as well as fo

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Artigas, Francisco, Alex Marti, Norman Yao, and Ildiko Pechmann. "Chlorophyll Detection and Mapping of Shallow Water Impoundments Using Image Spectrometry." Research Letters in Ecology 2008 (2008): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/146217.

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There exists a common perception that chlorophyll a concentrations in tidal coastal waters are unsuitable to be captured by remote sensing techniques because of high water turbidity. In this study, we use band index measurements to separate active chlorophyll pigments from other constituents in the water. Published single- and multiband spectral indices are used to establish a relationship between algal chlorophyll concentration and reflectance data. We find an index which is suitable to map chlorophyll gradients in the impoundments, ditches, and associated waterways of the Hackensack Meadowla

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Datta, Rajon Kanti, Ohidul Alam, and Mohammad Mozaffar Hossain. "CURRENT STATUS OF URBAN DRAINAGE SYSTEM AND ITS PROBLEM IN NETROKONA MUNICIPAL, DHAKA." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 22, no. 1 (2017): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v22i1.17769.

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Rapid and haphazard urbanization has triggered environmental hazards in Bangladesh. Analogously, Netrokona Municipal is also facing problems due to unplanned and unstable urban infrastructural development. The quest of the study was to explore the status of current urban drainage system and its problem. Therefore, a preliminary reconnaissance survey was accomplished in the study area and then a semi-structured questionnaire was designed. By adopting simple random sampling method, the study area was surveyed covering 50 respondents in different wards to collect primary data. Results revealed th

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Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka, Karolina Gromadzka, Jan Bocianowski, Paulina Pluta, and Piotr Goliński. "Zearalenone Contamination of the Aquatic Environment as a Result of its Presence in Crops / Pojava Mikotoksina U Vodenom Okolišu Zbog Njihove Prisutnosti U Usjevima." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 63, no. 4 (2012): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2229.

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to establish a relation between zearalenone contamination of crops in the Polish province of Wielkopolska and its occurrence in aquatic ecosystems close by the crop fields. Water samples were collected from water bodies such as drainage ditches, wells, or watercourses located in four agricultural areas. Moreover, control water samples were collected from the Bogdanka river, which was located outside the agricultural areas and near an urban area. Cereal samples were collected in the harvest season from each agricultural area close to tested water bodies. Zearal

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Akinwale, OP, AK Adeneye, AZ Musa, et al. "Living conditions and public health status in three urban slums of Lagos, Nigeria." South East Asia Journal of Public Health 3, no. 1 (2014): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v3i1.17709.

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Lagos metropolis, southwestern Nigeria, is faced with environmental problems ranging from slums and informal settlements, to crime and delinquency. The aim of the study was to explore the demographic characteristics, migra-tion history and living conditions of 2,434 residents of Ajegunle, Ijora Oloye and Makoko in Lagos metropolis. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between June 2010 and October 2012 using a semi-structured questionnaire. Units of analysis used were households. Many of the respondents are low-income earners working in the informal service sectors, and living in unhygienic

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Ebel, Roland. "Chinampas: An Urban Farming Model of the Aztecs and a Potential Solution for Modern Megalopolis." HortTechnology 30, no. 1 (2020): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04310-19.

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Urban horticulture is not as new as many people think. Throughout history, different techniques have been used to ensure sustainable urban agricultural production. A good example of this is the chinampa system, which was developed during the time of the Aztecs in the region of Lake Xochimilco, south of Mexico City. A chinampa is a raised field on a small artificial island on a freshwater lake surrounded by canals and ditches. Farmers use local vegetation and mud to construct chinampas. Fences made of a native willow [bonpland willow (Salix bonplandiana)] protect the chinampa from wind, pests,

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García-Linares, C., M. Martínez-Santos, V. Martínez-Bilbao, J. M. Sánchez-Pérez, and I. Antiguedad. "Wetland restoration and nitrate reduction: the example of the peri-urban wetland of Vitoria-Gasteiz (Basque Country, North Spain)." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 7, no. 1 (2003): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-7-109-2003.

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Abstract. Changes in land use and agricultural intensification caused wetlands on the quaternary aquifer of Vitoria-Gasteiz (Basque Country) to disappear some years ago and nitrate concentration in groundwaters increased very quickly. The Basque Government recently declared the East Sector of this aquifer a Vulnerable Zone according to the 91/676/CEE European Directive. Recently, the wetlands have been restored through the closure of the main drainage ditches, the consequent elevation of the water table and the abondonment of agricultural practices near the wetlands. This is the case of the Zu

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De Meulder, Bruno, Kelly Shannon, and Vu Thi Phuong Linh. "HCMC: mirroring the city center, inversing contemporary logics." ZARCH, no. 15 (January 27, 2021): 14–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2020154856.

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Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), the largest agglomeration in Vietnam, is a multitude of cities and where spatial development is inherently intertwined with a continuously transforming water structure. HCMC is a relatively young city—the foundational citadel dates from the end 18th century—that nevertheless was always complex. Its original dichotomic nature, with Chinese Chợ Lớn and Vietnamese Sài Gòn, forcefully colonized and domesticated a quagmire. It eventually became colonized itself by France (formalized by the Indochina federation 1887-1954). The agglomeration subsequently underwent strong grow

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Jahangir Alam, Md, and Reaz Akter Mullick. "Climate change effects upon massive land and housing development." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 6, no. 3 (2014): 315–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-11-2011-0039.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects on urban flood from rapidly growing land and housing development projects in flood zones and water bodies in and around Dhaka. The paper further extends the analysis to generate an insight into Dhaka’s urban flood due to possible climate change effects on top of land and housing development projects effects. Design/methodology/approach – A mixed method was applied for this research comprising qualitative techniques for analyzing the date gathered from reviewing the policies including the Dhaka Metropolitan Development Plan reports,

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Kloetzel, Kurt, Pedro Paulo Chieffi, and Flair José Carrilho. "Environmental intervention as a tool for control of schistosomiasis: suggestions from a field study in Northeast Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 10, suppl 2 (1994): S337—S344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x1994000800011.

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The present survey from the State of Alagoas (Brazil) emphasized, once again, the importance of peridomestic or neighbourhood foci in the transmission of schistosomiasis mansoni. Although the study area consisted of a compact and densely populated urban community (Bairro Frio, União dos Palmares county), prevalence as well as the distribution of high egg counts was quite patchy, exhibiting a spatial pattern correlated with the distribution of ditches and other small-sized collections of surface water. Despite the availability of satisfactory water supply in most households, as well as the abse

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Coura-Filho, Pedro, Roberto Sena Rocha, Marcio Willian Farah, Grace Carolina da Silva, and Naftale Katz. "Identification of factors and groups at risk of infection with Schistosoma mansoni: a strategy for the implementation of control measures?" Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 36, no. 3 (1994): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651994000300009.

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A fourteen year schistosomiasis control program in Peri-Peri (Capim Branco, MG) reduced prevalence from 43.5 to 4.4%; incidence from 19.0 to 2.9%, the geometric mean of the number of eggs from 281 to 87 and the level of the hepatoesplenic form cases from 5.9 to 0.0%. In 1991, three years after the interruption of the program, the prevalence had risen to 19.6%. The district consists of Barbosa (a rural area) and Peri-Peri itself (an urban area). In 1991, the prevalence in the two areas was 28.4% and 16.0% respectively. A multivariate analysis of risk factors for schistosomiasis indicated the do

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Abellán García, Ana Isabel, Noelia Cruz Pérez, and Juan C. Santamarta. "Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems in Spain: Analysis of the Research on SUDS Based on Climatology." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (2021): 7258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137258.

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Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS), or urban green infrastructure for stormwater control, emerged for more sustainable management of runoff in cities and provide other benefits such as urban mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Research in Spain began a little over twenty years ago, which was later than in other European countries, and it began in a heterogeneous way, both in the SUDS typology and spatially within the peninsular geography. The main objective of this work has been to know through bibliographic review the state of the art of scientific research of these systems an

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Zhang, Chang Rui, Chun Mei Zhao, Yong Tian, and Long He. "Ecological Effect of Water Cyclic Utilization in Green Architecture." Advanced Materials Research 689 (May 2013): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.689.198.

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Green architecture, a termed entitled to the architectures which dedicate great importance to the environment, is one of the characteristics of the sustainable design in which environmental sustainability is more important [1]. In the modern notion of architecture and programming, rain water is usually treated as “castoff”, or as eternal energy splurged by us. Some irrational design produces a lot of unsinkable ditches and culverts crossed underground, which leads to drainage and wastage of the water in the earth. Extensive artificial lawn accelerates the water evaporation of the earth. Large

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Ryzhiy, V. V. "RESEARCH OF THE DWELLINGS ON CHERNIHIV «TRETYAK» IN 2018." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 35, no. 2 (2020): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2020.02.08.

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The archaeological research in 2018 on Yeletska St., in Chernihiv made possible to understand in detailes the dynamic of development of Chernihiv region as well as to trace back the step-by-step evolution of dwelling building in conjunction with the general city development. The objects of research are vary: the dwellings, economical buildings and domestic pits, fences, defense towers, up to the burial places. Dwellings, particularly, are in focus. They are represented empirically by the two common types, that is, dugouts and above-ground houses with cellars. They are widespread diachron

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Ortega, Sebastián, Jochen Wendel, José Santana, et al. "Making the Invisible Visible—Strategies for Visualizing Underground Infrastructures in Immersive Environments." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 3 (2019): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8030152.

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Visualization of underground infrastructure in an interactive 3D immersive environment is extremely important for efficient management of city’s infrastructure. This paper describes different geometric modelling approaches to illustrate appropriate visualization of such data. A multimodal prototype has been developed by exploiting different algorithms to render these invisible underground objects as part of an urban model. This prototype has been integrated in an immersive geographic information system (GIS), named MultiVis, for handheld iOS and Android devices. As a part of the study, three d

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Toccolini, Alessandro, Simone Felisari, and Paolo Stefano Ferrario. "Design of green spaces located below the urbanised level. Themes, problems and solutions applied to a case study." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 46, no. 4 (2015): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2015.484.

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The design of green areas and landscape is often related to spaces with special features, which, due to their territorial peculiarities, require the adoption of appropriate design solutions. This category includes spaces located below the urbanised/street level (or on different levels), which may have various origins: areas derived from the regeneration of defensive ditches that, after having lost their original function, have become centres of urban aggregation (ancient city walls, castles moats); sites derived from the demolition of buildings or other structures; spaces created expressly sub

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Mattson, A., J. Li, and K. Sherman. "Urban Stormwater Management Strategy for the Severn Sound Remedial Action Plan." Water Quality Research Journal 35, no. 3 (2000): 475–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2000.028.

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Abstract Urban Stormwater has been identified as a significant source of phosphorus to Severn Sound and a potential source of bacterial contamination which can affect recreational bathing areas within the Sound. In order to develop an effective remedial action plan, a cooperative study of urban Stormwater impacts was initiated in the Severn Sound Area of Concern (AOC) through a joint partnership that included Environment Canada (Great Lakes 2000 Cleanup Fund), the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, the Simcoe County District Health Unit, and various municipalities in the Sound. The study obj

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Martha, Luluk, Abdul Hakim, and Rr Diah Nugraheni Setyowati. "KAJIAN AIR HUJAN MELALUI LUBANG RESAPAN BIOPORI (LRB) DI UIN SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA." Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 4, no. 1 (2018): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29080/alard.v4i1.408.

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Lack of green open space (RTH) can lead to flooding and even catastrophic flooding in the event of high rainfall intensity that falls in urban areas. Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya (UINSA) is one of the educational facilities in Surabaya City which is located in the flood prone area of Jemur Wonosari, Wonocolo. One of the technologies used to overcome inundation and flooding and to increase groundwater reserves is the Biopori Infiltration Hole (LRB). UINSA as one of the education facilities in Surabaya City can apply LRB technology to absorb rainwater so that it can reduce runof

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Yodsurang, Patiphol, and Uekita Yasufumi. "A Traditional Community in the Chao Phraya River Basin II: Influence of Water Circulation on the Traditional Living Culture according to the Settlement Pattern." Asian Culture and History 8, no. 1 (2015): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ach.v8n1p112.

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<p class="1Body">The remaining traditional waterfront community in the Chao Phraya River Basin demonstrates human adaptability towards modern conditions. Everyday practice in the traditional community complex is about living in harmony with all other aspects of the system to which it belongs. However, the intensity and speed of such changes are challenging these complex urban environments in contemporary society. With high dynamicity, this important amphibious lifestyle is gradually disappearing.</p><p class="1Body">This study is based on a qualitative approach, to examine th

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Gliniewicz, Aleksandra, Ewa Mikulak, and Katarzyna Rydzanicz. "Mosquito Control in Poland: Pro- and Anti-Environmental Activities." Ochrona Srodowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych 25, no. 4 (2014): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2014-0025.

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Abstract Mosquito control in Poland is still dominated by the use of chemicals. Although it has been 13 years since the flood of the century, only in few cities and towns (Wroclaw, Gorzow Wielkopolski and Torun) various methods of mosquito control such as mapping of larvae development and setting time limits for the imagines occur-rence were developed. The problem of mosquito control is not only limited to adult insects, it is also much more a complex issue due to the use of insecticides in the environment that we would rather like to keep unchanged, with a diversity of co-existing species of

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Ebert, Claire E., Julie A. Hoggarth, and Jaime J. Awe. "Integrating Quantitative Lidar Analysis and Settlement Survey in the Belize River Valley." Advances in Archaeological Practice 4, no. 3 (2016): 284–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/2326-3768.4.3.284.

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AbstractAccurate and high-resolution airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) data have become increasingly important for the discovery and visualization of complete archaeological settlement systems in the Maya Lowlands. We present the results of systematic quantitative analysis of lidar data and ground verification for the major centers of Cahal Pech, Baking Pot, and Lower Dover in the Belize Valley. The Belize Valley is characterized by high density populations living in growing modern towns and villages, and by large-scale agricultural production. This urban environment presents a chal

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Mikhailenko, D. V., and L. M. Reznitskaya. "The concept of ecological and archeological site "Donskaya Troya"." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 23, no. 2 (2021): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2021-23-2-46-55.

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The aim of the work is to form conceptual solutions of the ecological and archaeological site "Donskaya Troya’. The unique archaeological site founded in the 17th century, BC by the tribes of the North Caucasian catacomb culture locates westward Rostov-on-Don, on the right bank of the Mertvy Donets River, between Karataevo and Liventsovka villages in the Soviet region. The stone fortresses discovered by archaeologists in the 1960s, are the oldest in Eastern Europe. The preservation of the Liventsovka archaeological ensemble is very relevant, since today it is in a deplorable state, namely exca

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Gong, Yongwei, Ye Chen, Lei Yu, et al. "Effectiveness Analysis of Systematic Combined Sewer Overflow Control Schemes in the Sponge City Pilot Area of Beijing." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 9 (2019): 1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091503.

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Combined sewer overflow (CSO) pollution poses a serious threat to the urban water environment and is more severe in old urban areas. This research uses the old urban area in the sponge city pilot area in Tongzhou District, Beijing, as the study area. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) storm water management model (SWMM) was used to establish the hydrologic and hydraulic model of this area. The model parameters were calibrated and validated based on the measured rainfall and runoff data. The results show that the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient for calibration and v

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Radovani, Natalia Inés, Martín Cristian Funes, R. Susan Walker, Reinaldo Gader, and Andrés José Novaro. "Guanaco Lama guanicoe numbers plummet in an area subject to poaching from oil-exploration trails in Patagonia." Oryx 49, no. 1 (2014): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605312001226.

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AbstractWe report changes in guanaco Lama guanicoe density, recruitment, and social structure associated with increased access of poachers along an extensive network of hydrocarbon-exploration roads in northern Patagonia, and conservation measures taken in response. Mean guanaco densities declined 93–96% and mean group size declined from 9.8 to 5.0 guanacos per group at three sites surveyed during 1982–1983 and 2002–2007, whereas yearling proportions did not change significantly. Additional surveys during 2002–2007 suggest population declines and fragmentation have occurred over a wide area of

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Hipkin, Stephen. "‘Sitting on his Penny Rent’: Conflict and Right of Common in Faversham Blean, 1595–1610." Rural History 11, no. 1 (2000): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793300001886.

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In October 1606, London merchant Bevil Lewes proffered a bill of complaint in Star Chamber alleging assault, repeated riot and destruction of property in ‘a great wood and certain lands’ near Faversham in Kent purchased in December 1602 from the local magistrate Sir William Lovelace. His story of tribulations at the hands of ‘inhabitants there, being men of their own disposition contentious and not willing to live answerable to your majesty's most sound and wholesome laws’, recounted one episode in a struggle which began in 1595 and involved at least half a dozen attempts at unilateral enclosu

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Sillero, Neftalí, Katja Poboljšaj, Aleksandra Lešnik, and Ali Šalamun. "Influence of Landscape Factors on Amphibian Roadkills at the National Level." Diversity 11, no. 1 (2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11010013.

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Roads exert multiple effects on wildlife, from animal mortality, habitat and population fragmentation, to modification of animal reproductive behaviour. Amphibians are the most frequently road-killed animal group. Many studies have attempted to analyse the factors driving amphibian casualties on roads, but these factors are limited to the roads themselves (e.g., traffic, type of roads, roads crossing water bodies) or to structures along them (e.g., ditches, walls). Sometimes, roadkills are related to land use along the roads. We analysed the influence of landscape factors on roadkill hotspots

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Ambert, Paul. "Messinian and Zanclean continental formations of the Montpellier region and their relevance to the geodynamic model of Georges Clauzon (1996)." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 182, no. 2 (2011): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.182.2.79.

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Abstract The Pliocene period in the Montpellier region, considered as being emblematic since the middle of the 19th century because of its diverse mammal fauna, has not received much innovative treatment over the last 30 years. In particular, there has been no reinterpretation of geological data in the light of the Messinian-Zanclean double eustasy and related mechanisms. And yet, the increase in the number of urban projects affecting the Pliocene terrains and substratum has allowed for a renewed analysis of these areas in conformity with the results obtained in the nearby valley of the Rhône

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Lencha, Semaria Moga, Mihret Dananto Ulsido, and Alemayehu Muluneh. "Evaluation of Seasonal and Spatial Variations in Water Quality and Identification of Potential Sources of Pollution Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques for Lake Hawassa Watershed, Ethiopia." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (2021): 8991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11198991.

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The magnitude of pollution in Lake Hawassa has been exacerbated by population growth and economic development in the city of Hawassa, which is hydrologically closed and retains pollutants entering it. This study was therefore aimed at examining seasonal and spatial variations in the water quality of Lake Hawassa Watershed (LHW) and identifying possible sources of pollution using multivariate statistical techniques. Water and effluent samples from LHW were collected monthly for analysis of 19 physicochemical parameters during dry and wet seasons at 19 monitoring stations. Multivariate statistic

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Cheng, Kuei Hsiang, Chih Hsien Lin, Cheng Chao, Ping Chung Cheng, and Ying Wen Chen. "A Study of Equivalent Manhole in Streets-Sewers of Urban District Instead of Roadside Water Exchange by the SWMM Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 1045–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.1045.

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The important flooding drainage phenomenon of the urban regions includes of ground water exchange, sewer water exchange and ground-sewer water exchange. Due to the spread of urban regions development with high economics activities, the distributions and specifications of ditch in urban regions are irregular and un-uniform, equivalent Manhole would be used instead of ditch water exchange and its mechanism to fill ground water and sewer water exchange mode evaluated for urban flooding mode in this study. Sewer’s catchment of Ming-Seng S. Rd 608 Street in Chiayi City as case study applied by SWMM

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Qiu, Gao Shun, Ling Feng Qiu, Jian Zhang, and Yi Ming Chen. "Research on Intensive Nutrients Removal of the Low C/N Sewage." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2142.

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This paper was based on Carrousel oxidation ditch, which was common in the urban sewage treatment plants. With the effect of SND in the oxidation ditch, it was accomplished the effective removal for nitrogen and phosphorus of urban sewage with low C/N, while adopting point-aeration and brush flow, combining with the operation parameters adjustment. Under the condition of low dissolved oxygen (DO), the phenomenon of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification was obvious in macro and micro environments. And compared with the traditional process, this process increased the proportion of organ

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