Journal articles: 'Urban Haat'

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Hasan, Arham. "Bhopal Haat as Dynamic Socio-Cultural Hubs." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 01 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem41185.

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The motive of this paper is to explore how urban haats can function as inclusive spaces that foster social interaction and cultural exchange. It seeks to examine how these marketplaces contribute to preserving traditional crafts and supporting the livelihoods of artisans, especially in the context of growing globalization and urbanization. Haats are informal structures that serve as platforms not only for selling products but also for showcasing the skills of local artisans and craftspeople, often featuring unique offerings that are available only in specific locations. At the heart of these haats lies their sociocultural significance. These spaces act as the lifeblood of urban haats, creating vibrant environments where a multitude of activities and practices can thrive. They offer a dynamic setting for people from diverse ethnicities and age groups to come together, spend their leisure time, engage in creative or recreational pursuits, and foster social connections. By serving as hubs of cultural expression and social engagement, urban haats play a crucial role in maintaining the cultural and social fabric of cities. This study focuses on understanding these multifaceted functions, their impact on communities, and their potential to adapt to the changing dynamics of urban life. Key Words: Urban Haats, Socio-Cultural Hubs, Artisans and Crafts, Cultural Exchange, Traditional Markets

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Suraj, Kumar Tanty. "Dilli Haat INA: A Unique Intersection of Tourism and Commercial Use of Urban Land." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 07, no. 05 (2024): 3327–444. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11420780.

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A significant socioeconomic activity of the populace that directly produces services, goods, foreign exchange, jobs, and investments is tourism. Today, people go to a variety of locations to escape the daily tedium of life. They are mostly drawn to a place by either the breathtaking natural scenery or the intriguing leisure, sports, and adventure activities that are on offer there. Atithi Devo Bhavah when translated in English means ‘The Guest is equivalent to God’. It is the adage used by the Indian Tourism to lure millions of Tourists from across the globe. India because of its diversities is a haven for tourists from around the world. The aim of this work is to comprehensively outline How Delhi Ina haat as a unique combination of commercial as well as socio spatial space uses the urban land for both tourism as well as commercial purpose. Primary data has been congregated through questionnaires containing both close ended and open-ended questions. Also, secondary data gathered from web resources, seminars, conferences and books. The findings demonstrate that Delhi Ina haat is found to be more preferred, pleasing and gratifying place which accounts the real multiplicity of handicrafts and cuisines of respective states of India which is both an amalgamation of tourism as well as commerce in a single landscape.

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Borborah, Pratisha. "Community, Trust and Belonging: Reflections from a Periodic Market in Assam." Journal of North East India Studies 10, no. 2 (2020): 50–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12784487.

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This study describes how the concept of trust is built within the market space. The bazaar, also known as haat belong to members of the Karbi community who live in an urban village of Guwahati. I had begun my study on the functioning of the market with an unstated assumption that it would be primarily about the buying and selling of commodities every week. What I found was that without the unstated presence of ‘trust’ and ‘belongingness’ which binds the different stakeholders, the market would not function. The periodic market functions every week with this trust and belonginess that is the glue that ties community members on the basis of ethnicity. This paper draws upon what one observed and what one gleaned through their narratives. It looks at how the question of trust comes with a certain ‘social capital’ that helps them to be a part of an active member of the market.

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Ramesh, Avadhanam, and Rao R. Srinivasa. "Customer Engagement: The Next Frontier for the Marketers." Marketing and Branding Research 7, no. 1 (2020): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.33844/mbr.2020.60321.

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Customer engagement is emerging as next frontier for the marketers as there is imperative to go beyond communication and persuasion to customer experience and immersion. In fact, customer engagement is being touted as the prime functions of the Marketing. India with eclectic culture, having tech savvy, demanding urban customers on one extreme and customers deprived of good products and services in media dark places, provides unique marketing communication challenges to the marketers. Digital medium is being increasingly used for customer engagement for sharing, co-creation, problem solving, and participation, etc. This paper examines customer engagement strategies by brands involving usage of traditional media, digital media and sales promotion and events. Some of the campaigns include (Lifebuoy se haath dhoye kya?”, The Tata Mumbai Marathon, Surf Excel ‘Haar ko harao’, Kurkure Family express, Pepsi emoji campaign, etc. to name a few. Also, the present paper attempts to examine the customer perception and understand key dimensions using multiplecorrespondence analysis. The study found that brands are using excitement, education exhorting, co –creating, problem solving, etc., as various modes of engagement. 

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Luo, Chin-Hsiang, Chung-Shin Yuan, Che-Yen Wen, Jiun-Jian Liaw, and Shih-Hsuan Chiu. "Investigation of Urban Atmospheric Visibility Hsing Haar Wavelet Transform." Aerosol and Air Quality Research 5, no. 1 (2005): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2005.06.0004.

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Dobryshev, Ruslan Y., and Maksym V. Maksymov. "Accurate crowd counting for intelligent video surveillance systems." Herald of Advanced Information Technology 7, no. 3 (2024): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/hait.07.2024.17.

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The paper presents a novel deep learning approach for crowd counting in intelligent video surveillance systems, addressing the growing need for accurate monitoring of public spaces in urban environments. The demand for precise crowd estimation arises from challenges related to security, public safety, and efficiency in urban areas, particularly during large public events. Existing crowd counting techniques, including feature-based object detection and regression-based methods, face limitations in high-density environments due to occlusions, lighting variations, and diverse human figures. To overcome these challenges, the authors propose a new deep encoder-decoder architecture based on VGG16, which incorporates hierarchical feature extraction with spatial and channel attention mechanisms. This architecture enhances the model’s ability to manage variations in crowd density, leveraging adaptive pooling and dilated convolutions to extract meaningful features from dense crowds. The model’s decoder is further refined to handle sparse and crowded scenes through separate density maps, improving its adaptability and accuracy. Evaluations of the proposed model on benchmark datasets, including Shanghai Tech and UCF CC 50, demonstrate superior performance over state-of-the-art methods, with significant improvements in mean absolute error and mean squared error metrics. The paper emphasizes the importance of addressing environmental variability and scale differences in crowded environments and shows that the proposed model is effective in both sparse and dense crowd conditions. This research contributes to the advancement of intelligent video surveillance systems by providing a more accurate and efficient method for crowd counting, with potential applications in public safety, transportation management, and urban planning.

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Stave, Bruce M. "A Conversation with Charles M. Haar." Journal of Urban History 25, no. 1 (1998): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009614429802500104.

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Liaw, Jiun-Jian, Ssu-Bin Lian, Yung-Fa Huang, and Rung-Ching Chen. "Using Sharpness Image with Haar Function for Urban Atmospheric Visibility Measurement." Aerosol and Air Quality Research 10, no. 4 (2010): 323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2009.11.0074.

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Muñoz, Maribel, Karen Finnegan, Jhon Zeladita, et al. "Community-based DOT-HAART Accompaniment in an Urban Resource-Poor Setting." AIDS and Behavior 14, no. 3 (2009): 721–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-009-9559-5.

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Wang, Pengfei, and Xiuhui Diao. "Research and Application of Haar Wavelet Transformation in Train Positioning." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (April 11, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6545817.

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With the continuous increase of the urban population, urban traffic problems have become increasingly prominent. The subway and light rail have the characteristics of large passenger volume and low pollution, which are the preferred solutions to solve the traffic problems in large and medium cities. Due to the high density of rail transit trains, the close distance between stations, and the high safety requirements, the real-time and accurate determination of the train's position on the line is the premise to ensure safety, maximize efficiency, and provide the best service. How to accurately detect the speed and position of the train to control its the operation is the core content of the rail transit system. Therefore, the in-depth study of train positioning methods has great and far-reaching significance for promoting the research of train operation control system and the development of rail transit system. It has become a research hotspot to rely on computer technology and image recognition technology to realize precise positioning of trains. In order to realize the real-time precise positioning of the train, this paper proposes a train positioning method based on Haar wavelet transform. First, the samples are obtained by the method of video acquisition, and the video images are initially processed by binarization. Second, the image is compressed, denoised, and enhanced by Haar wavelet transform, and the train number is determined. Finally, the orbital electronic map and satellite assistance are used to determine the position of the train and realize the train positioning. The simulation experiments show that the image acquired by Haar wavelet transform can accurately identify the train and track. Based on the satellite aid of the orbital electronic map, the train positioning can be accurately realized, and the proposed Haar wavelet transform is proposed and has good positioning accuracy.

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Mandiwana, Azhani, and Stephane Tshitenge. "Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus — hepatitis B virus co-infection amongst adult patients in Mahalapye, Ngami, Serowe, Botswana: a descriptive cross-sectional study." South African Family Practice 59, no. 3 (2017): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v59i3.4716.

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Background: About 37 million people are living with human-immunodeficiency-virus (HIV) worldwide, with 2.6 million co-infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV infection causes 650 000 deaths annually worldwide. Botswana has a high prevalence of HIV and a growing population of patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV–HBV co-infection amongst HAART eligible adult patients in some rural settings in Botswana.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst HAART eligible adult patients at 15 HAART clinics in the Mahalapye, Ngami and Serowe Health Districts of Botswana, from August to October 2015. A total of 132 were recruited; of these 118 consented and were tested for HBsAg reactivity using Elisa.  Results: Six (5.1%, 6/118) patients from the three rural health districts were HIV–HBV co-infected, with three in the 20–29 age group. The association between sex and HIV–HBV co-infection status was not statistically significant; p = 1.00.   Conclusion: The finding of 5.1% HIV–HBV co-infection prevalence in some rural settings of Botswana was similar to results from one study conducted in a Botswana urban centre, while another previous similar study reported prevalence as being twice as high. This finding may call for prioritisation of pre-HAART HBV screening and early HAART initiation for all HIV-infected patients.   (Full text of the research articles are available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp)  S Afr Fam Pract 2017; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2016.1272230

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Hieder, Inaam Abbas. "Compared to wireless deployment in areas with different environmentse." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 2 (2019): 934–40. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i2.pp934-940.

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In the mobile phone system, it is highly desirable to estimate the loss of the track not only to improve performance but also to achieve an accurate estimate of financial feasibility; the inaccurate estimate of track loss either leads to performance degradation or increased cost. Various models have been introduced to accurately estimate the path loss. One of these models is the Okomura / Hata model, which is recommended for estimating path loss in cellular systems that use micro cells. This system is suitable for use in a variety of environments. This study examines the comparison of path loss models for statistical analysis derived from experimental data collected in urban and suburban areas at frequencies of 150-1500 MHz’s. The results of the measurements were used to develop path loss models in urban and suburban areas. The results showed that Pathloss increases in urban areas respectively.

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Semenenko-Basin, Ilya. "Between the Transit Prison and the Nobleman’s Drawing-room: Doctor Haas’s Publishing Projects in the 1840s." Slovene 9, no. 1 (2019): 269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2305-6754.2019.8.1.10.

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The article is dedicated to the publishing projects of doctor Haas, a Moscow medical man and philanthropist, and is based on the materials of the ecclesiastical censorship archival holdings. Haas published books aimed at the reforming of convicts who went to Siberia through transit prison. ‘On the margins’ of his enlightenment activities missionary publishing projects, addressed to the educated urban society, were established. Haas could not confine himself to working with prisoners; he wanted to offer the Russian society Christian literature following the traditions of post-Tridentine spirituality. By this time, books and reading had taken shape as a specific sociocultural institute in the educated noble society, where the knowledge of French was acquired from childhood. In such circumstances Haas aimed to ensure not the influence, but the assimilation of Western (Roman Catholic) Christian texts into the Russian culture. The state ban on proselytism rendered the implementation of the most of these projects impossible. However, the institute of the ecclesiastical censorship itself did not rouse inner remonstrance in him. The opinions of Haas and of censors, governmental officials, who regulated the publishing, concerning conversion were hardly divergent. All of them assessed religious conversion positively. The censors followed the orders of the government, accepting in Haas’s publishing projects everything that was in line with state legal norms and political attitudes of those times. The censors did not contradict when the members of the Prison Committee preached Christian kindness to rude and aggressive prisoners. But Haas’s attempts to promote Catholic authors in educated circles turned out to be inacceptable.

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Arsirii, Olena O., Oleksii V. Ivanov, and Sergiy Yu Smyk. "RISK ZONES FROM THE FILLING STATIONS MODELLING WITH APPLICATION OF GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY." Herald of Advanced Information Technology 4, no. 1 (2021): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/hait.01.2021.8.

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In this paper the questions of technogenic safety of the city Odesa with a population of over 1 million are considered on the example of the analysis of an emergency situation that may arise at filling stations (FS) of the city. The fire safety of theFSsnetwork becomes very important in the context of urban buildings and traffic flows compaction, a significant increase in the number of cars, as well as in the construction of new potentially hazardous objects (PHO) within the urban territory. To solve the problem ofanalysis ofthe risk zones of FSs, a conceptual digital model ofaFS was created, a numerical simulation of the scenario of an unfavourablesituation development at the FS was carried out according to the approved state methodology (an explosion of a vapour-air fuel mixture with a shock wave formation), as well as the obtained zones were visualized on a map of the city of Odessa using the geographic information system QGIS. The digital model of the FS was created taking into account the requirements for the presentation of attributive and spatial data of the relevant GIS. The components of the developed conceptual model are: universal digital identifier, spatial data in the form of type and coordinates of the object, attributive data, which consist of staticand dynamic features, as well as numerical models of emergency situation development. During the visualizing of the obtained calculated data by means of GIS, OSM Place Search, QuickOSM and Multi Ring Buffer plugins were used, as well as data from the OpenStreetMap server. The presented results of modellingand visualization indicate that, when the most unfavourabledevelopment scenarios are realized, the nature of accidents at FS can go beyond the local scale and move to the borders of the residential zone,as well as to nearby industrial buildings and FSs, which in turn can cause unfavourablesituations on them by the domino effect. In addition, the results of the analysis of the obtained heterogeneous modellingand visualization data to determine technogenic risk indicates the possibility of applying the studied principles to other PHOsand also allows to present the data in a visual and accessible form for decision-makers.

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Lindholm, Gunilla. "The Landscape Architecture of Richard Haag: From Modern Space to Urban Ecological Design." Journal of Landscape Architecture 13, no. 2 (2018): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18626033.2018.1553398.

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Olagbuji, Biodun N., Michael Chudi Ezeanochie, Adedapo B. Ande, and Victor O. Oboro. "Obstetric and perinatal outcome in HIV positive women receiving HAART in urban Nigeria." Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 281, no. 6 (2009): 991–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00404-009-1186-x.

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Indira, D. N. V. S. L. S., Nagamani Tenali, J. N. V. R. Swarup Kumar, et al. "ETMS: Efficient Traffic Management System for Congestion Detection and Alert using HAAR Cascade." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 6 (2023): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i6.7321.

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Rapid social development has resulted in the emergence of a new major societal issue: urban traffic congestion, which many cities must address. In addition to making it more difficult for people to get around town, traffic jams are a major source of the city's pollution crisis. In order to address the problems of automobile exhaust pollution and congestion, this paper uses the system dynamics approach to develop a model to study the urban traffic congestion system from the perspectives of trucks,private cars, bikes and public transportation. This project proposes a system for detecting vehicles and sending alerts when traffic levels rise to dangerous levels using Haar Cascade and Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCP). The proposed system uses Haar Cascade to detect moving vehicles, which are then classified using FCP. The system can make decisions based on partial or ambiguous information by utilising FCP, a soft computing technique, which allows it to learn from past actions. An algorithm for estimating traffic density is also used by the system to pinpoint active areas. In congested areas, the system will alert the driver if it anticipates a collision with another vehicle and also Experiments show that the proposed system is able to accurately detect vehicles and provide timely alerts to the driver, drastically lowering the probability of accidents occurring in heavily travelled areas. The importance of introducing such a system cannot be overstated in today's transportation system. It's a big deal for the future of intelligent urban planning and traffic control. Congestion relief, cleaner air, and increased security are just some of the long-term benefits that justify the high initial investment. To add, this system is adaptable to suburban and rural areas, which can also experience traffic congestion issues.

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Ukwah, Boniface Nwofoke, Ifeoma Maureen Ezeonu, Chinonyelum Thecla Ezeonu, Dawn Roellig, and Lihua Xiao. "Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in diarrheal children and HIV-infected persons in Ebonyi and Nsukka, Nigeria." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 11, no. 02 (2017): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.8034.

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Introduction: Cryptosporidiosis is a common disease of children and immune-compromised persons. This study evaluated the diversity and distribution of Cryptosporidium species in diarrheal children and HIV-infected persons on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and those not on HAART. Methodology: A total of 394 fecal specimens were collected from patients attending clinics in Nsukka and Ebonyi, Nigeria. Detection and identification of Cryptosporidium species were conducted by PCR-RFLP of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene, whereas subtyping was done by sequence analysis of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. Results: Twenty-five (6.3%) specimens yielded four Cryptosporidium species, including C. hominis, C. parvum, C. felis, and C. viatorum. C. hominis was the most dominant species with 48.0% occurrence and three identified subtype families: Ia (six specimens), Ib (three specimens), Ie (two specimens), and one un-subtyped species. C. parvum had 44.0% occurrence and two subtype families: IIc (eight specimens) and IIe (three specimens), while C. felis and C. viatorum each had 4.0% occurrence. There were significant differences in Cryptosporidium species distribution between age groups in children and HIV-infected persons, between suburban and urban areas, and between low and high CD4+ cell counts in HIV-infected patients. There were no significant differences in infection rate and species distribution between HIV-infected patients on HAART and those not on HAART. Conclusions: The results from this study show that there is a high diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in humans in Ebonyi and Nsukka, Nigeria, and that all the C. parvum subtypes identified are most likely anthroponotic in origin.

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Dongare, Chinmay, Shubham Jha, Akshara Raul, and Maya Patil. "GUARDIANWATCH: AI-POWERED PUBLIC SAFETY SURVEILLANCE." ICTACT Journal on Data Science and Machine Learning 6, no. 1 (2024): 724–28. https://doi.org/10.21917/ijdsml.2024.0148.

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Nowadays, public safety is a key concern, particularly in fast urbanizing areas, urban development plans, and “smart city” projects where strong security measures have been implemented due to new security threats. The increasing trend of urbanization should be reflected in a coordinated approach to establishing efficient urban security systems. Current security systems have numerous constraints, including threat identification, on-the-spot analysis, and communication. These limitations become particularly emphasized in extremely complex urban areas with high populations and a broad range of activities. GuardianWatch, a groundbreaking AI-powered surveillance system, was developed in reaction to the above-mentioned difficulties with the primary goal of improving urban security. Real- time monitoring, detection, and alerting capabilities for a wide range of security concerns are precisely what GuardianWatch does. This includes identifying firearms, detecting physical aggressions, keeping an account of auto accidents, and identifying license plates. To achieve these goals under various urban settings and varying lighting and image quality issues, GuardianWatch employs a variety of cutting-edge artificial intelligence algorithms. This all-in-one innovative platform has tailored its algorithmic approach to the novel urban security settings with innovative artificial intelligence algorithms including YOLO v8, SK’s image models, TensorFlow, Haar cascades, and PyTorch.

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Koster, Lukas. "Ruimte voor kloosters - Vestigingslocaties van kloosters in middeleeuws Haarlem." Haerlem Jaarboek 2023 (June 1, 2024): 118–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12623412.

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Haarlem herbergde tot de confiscatie van katholieke goederen in1581 twintig kloosters binnen haar muren. Deze kloosters namen ongeveer tien procent van het oppervlak van de stad in beslag. De vier oudste kloosters, gesticht tussen het midden van de 13de eeuw en het begin van de 14de eeuw, bevonden zich in het hart van de stad, binnen de oudste, 13de-eeuwse stadsgrenzen. De zestien jongere kloosters, gesticht tussen eind 14de en eind 15de eeuw, lagen voornamelijk binnen het westelijke gebied van de 14de- en 15de-eeuwse stadsuitbreidingen en aan de noordelijke randen van de oude stad. Hoe zijn deze kloosterstichtingen tot stand gekomen en hoe werden de locaties bepaald in de beperkte stedelijke ruimte?

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Velasco Perez, Alvaro. "Ex Africa Aliquid Novum [There is something new coming from Africa]: Herman Haan and Aldo van Eyck’s Journeys in a Pseudo-Ethnographic Vein." International Journal of Islamic Architecture 11, no. 2 (2022): 381–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00084_1.

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To the field of professional architecture in Europe in the aftermath of World War II, the deserts of Western Africa were a margin that was viewed as an exterior to the modern metropolis and as a realm of escapism. However, to the ethnographic practices that had developed since the late 1800s, the notion of a desert hinterland supposed a primordial land, reflected in forms of habitation. For architects Herman Haan (1914–96) and Aldo van Eyck (1918–99), the desert was a tense geography that moved between being outside and at home. Revisiting the diaries from Haan and van Eyck’s journeys and their mediation of ethnographic methodologies alongside their engagement with modernist design, this article proposes that Haan’s impressions connect two seemingly opposite contexts: the Dogon lands on the Niger River, and Rotterdam. I argue that, in the architectural and ethnographic amateurism of Haan, the modernist metropolis and its exteriors were not delimited, distinct realms, but were rather engaged in a fluctuating relationship reflective of the contemporary fascination with post-Eurocentric landscapes in the discipline of architecture. I assert that this process of immersion was in fact a process of internalization of spatial experience.

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Hu, Xinyu, Xuhui Ye, Daode Zhang, and Liangyi Wu. "Vehicle Detection Technology Based on Cascading Classifiers of Multi-Feature Integration." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 31, no. 10 (2017): 1750032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021800141750032x.

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Vehicle detection, as an important technology for urban intelligent transportation system, is having attracted increasingly interests of researchers in recent years. For the time cost problem of traditional road vehicles testing approach, a moving region extraction method based on Gaussian model is used to reduce the scanning area of the window, exclude some background noise and improve test speed. For the problem of traditional single feature, relatively lower detection rate and lack of ability to adapt to complex environment, a method based on the combination of Haar-like and 2bitBP (2bit Binary Pattern) features is adopted. Feature integration method enhances the expression of features. As a result, the improved classification performance of classifiers enables it to be adapted to different traffic environment. Firstly, a Gaussian mixture model is established to detect moving targets in overall region and then the Haar-like and 2bitBP features extraction are carried out in the region. At the end the action of cascading classification on samples achieve the detection of moving vehicles. The experimental results show that the method is effective for vehicle detection.

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Oshinaike, Olajumoke, Akinsegun Akinbami, Olaitan Ojelabi, Akinola Dada, Adedoyin Dosunmu, and Sarah John Olabode. "Quality of Sleep in an HIV Population on Antiretroviral Therapy at an Urban Tertiary Centre in Lagos, Nigeria." Neurology Research International 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/298703.

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Aim. To determine the prevalence of sleep disturbance and its associated characteristics in HIV-positive outpatients on HAART using the PSQI.Methods. Using a cross-sectional design, 300 patients attending the outpatient HIV/AIDS clinic at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital were recruited. Baseline data obtained included the participants’ demographic data, educational qualification, and marital status. Their treatment history, including duration since HIV diagnosis, the most recent CD4 cell count, and current antiretroviral therapies, was obtained from their case records. Each participant completed the PSQI questionnaire and those with scores ≥5 were diagnosed with poor sleep quality.Results. The participants were made up of 70.7% females and 29.3% males. Their ages ranged between 18 and 74 years with a mean of38.9±10.3years. According to the PSQI, 59.3% reported poor sleep quality. The mean score of those with poor quality sleep (9.2±3.3) was comparable to that of those with good quality sleep (1.26±1.4).P<0.001. Significant differences were observed in all the individual components of the PSQI (P<0.001). On multivariate analyses, the independent associations with sleep quality were the duration since HIV diagnosis (P=0.29), efavirenz based regimen (P<0.001), and lower CD4 cell count (P<0.001).Conclusions. Sleep disturbances are quite common in the HIV population even in the era of HAART. Early recognition via routine assessment and effective treatments could prevent the resultant complications and improve quality of life.

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Wehner, Antje. "A ruderal Occurrence of the Bee Orchid (Ophrys apifera huds.) in the City Area of Haan (Bergisches Land, North Rhine-Westphalia) and Considerations on the Hemerobia of this Species in Central Europe." FLORISTISCHE RUNDBRIEFE 55 (2021) 55 (2021): 87–111. https://doi.org/10.12906/9783865151261_005.

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A ruderal occurrence of the bee orchid (Ophrys apifera HUDS.), a plant species which is quite rare in North Rhine-Westphalia, is reported from the urban area of Haan in the district of Mettmann (region Bergisches Land, North Rhine-Westphalia). Currently, a spreading of the bee orchid can be observed throughout Central and East Europe. As this species has recently become more and more frequent in ruderally affected locations not only in North Rhine-Westphalia but also throughout Germany, the ecological behavior and a possible adaptation of this orchid species to ruderally impaired locations in Central Europe are discussed in this context.

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O'Brien, Megan E., Rebecca A. Clark, C. Lynn Besch, Leann Myers, and Patricia Kissinger. "Patterns and Correlates of Discontinuation of the Initial HAART Regimen in an Urban Outpatient Cohort." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 34, no. 4 (2003): 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00126334-200312010-00008.

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Sanche, A., and M. Nguyen. "AIDS-associated mycobacterial infections in a large urban hospital during the HAART era (2003-2006)." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 14 (March 2010): e400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.509.

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Knowlton, Amy, Julia Arnsten, Lois Eldred, et al. "Individual, Interpersonal, and Structural Correlates of Effective HAART Use Among Urban Active Injection Drug Users." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 41, no. 4 (2006): 486–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.qai.0000186392.26334.e3.

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Dyson, Anne Haas. "The Value of "Time Off Task": Young Children's Spontaneous Talk and Deliberate Text." Harvard Educational Review 57, no. 4 (1987): 396–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.57.4.j3743l47g0k60m59.

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Anne Haas Dyson analyzes primary students' spontaneous, unsanctioned talk in the classroom and argues that these interactions — often regarded as "time off task" — can become occasions for engaging in intellectually demanding tasks. Drawing upon research conducted over a two-year period in an urban elementary school, the author presents an overview of the accomplishments of children who, without explicit directions from their teacher, collaborated with one another to create extended stories and critique the logic of those stories. Dyson maintains that these examples of spontaneous talk supported the intellectual development of these beginning writers, thereby extending conventional definitions of students' "on" and "off" task behavior.

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Varde, Aparna S. "HaaS in Environmental Computing: Hadoop-as-a-Service for Big Data Mining in Environmental Computing Applications." ACM SIGWEB Newsletter 2024, Autumn (2024): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1145/3704991.3704995.

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This article addresses the importance of HaaS (Hadoop-as-a-Service) in cloud technologies, with specific reference to its usefulness in big data mining for environmental computing applications. The term environmental computing refers to computational analysis within environmental science and management, encompassing a myriad of techniques, especially in data mining and machine learning. As is well-known, the classical MapReduce has been adapted within many applications for big data storage and information retrieval. Hadoop based tools such as Hive and Mahout are broadly accessible over the cloud and can be helpful in data warehousing and data mining over big data in various domains. In this article, we explore HaaS technologies, mainly based on Apache's Hive and Mahout for applications in environmental computing, considering publicly available data on the Web. We dwell upon interesting applications such as automated text classification for energy management, recommender systems for ecofriendly products, and decision support in urban planning. We briefly explain the classical paradigms of MapReduce, Hadoop and Hive, further delve into data mining and machine learning over the MapReduce framework, and explore techniques such as Naïve Bayes and Random Forests using Apache Mahout with respect to the targeted applications. Hence, the paradigm of Hadoop-as-a-Service, popularly referred to as HaaS, is emphasized here as per its benefits in a domain-specific context. The studies in environmental computing, as presented in this article, can be useful in other domains as well, considering similar applications. This article can thus be interesting to professionals in web technologies, cloud computing, environmental management, as well as AI and data science in general.

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Bitew Abebe, Koyachew, and Awoke Seyoum Tegegne. "Predictors of non-adherence to medication and time to default from treatment on HIV infected patients under HAART: a comparison of joint and separate models." African Health Sciences 22, no. 1 (2022): 443–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v22i1.53.

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Back ground: Ethiopia is one of the Sub-Saharan Africa with the highest number of people living with HIV. Amhara region is one of the regions in the country in which many people are under medication. The main objective of this research was to identify significant predictors of non-adherence to medication and time to default from treatment for HIV infected patients under HAART. Methods: A retrospective secondary data were obtained from a random sample of 220 HIV patients under HAART. Separate and joint modeling approaches were conducted in data analysis. Joint modeling was conducted for analysis of non-adherence to medication and the time to default from treatment. In the joint model, a GLMM and Cox PH sub-models were fit together for non-adherence to medication and time to default from treatment. Results: The significant predictors for the variables of interests in current investigation were length of visiting time(AOR of 95% CI=0.866 (0.752, 0.997), female patients(AOR of 95% CI= 0.219 (0.067, 0.717)), patients disclosed the disease(AOR of 95% CI= 0.353 (0.194,0.641)), patients who got social support(AOR of 95% CI= 0.252 (0.194,0.631)), patients living with parter(AOR of 95% CI=0.188 (0.042,0.844)), patients with owner of cell phone(AOR of 95%CI= 0.272 (0.081,0.916)), urban HIV patients(AOR of 94%CI= 0.238 (0.078,0.722)), patients with working functional status(AOR of 95% CI= 0.234 (0.079,0.692)), patients with normal BMI(AOR of 95% CI=0.921 (0.881, 0.963)), patients with high baseline CD4 cell count(AOR of 95% CI=0.873 (0.552, 0.997)). Conclusion: Some groups of HIV patients were non-adherent to medication and defaulted from treatment. Health related education is recommended for non-adherent patients to be adherent for the prescribed medication and live long in the treatment. Keywords: Non-adherence; separate model; joint model; time to default; HAART.

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Blanchard, Edward, Olga M. Klibanov, Peter Axelrod, Brandon Palermo, and Rafik Samuel. "Virologic Success in an Urban HIV Clinic: Outcome at 12 Months in Patients Who Were HAART Naïve." HIV Clinical Trials 9, no. 3 (2008): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hct0903-186.

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Ngwale, M., B. R. Bhengu, W. H. Moolman, and A. Kazembe. "The effect of late reporting for HAART on mortality among pregnant women in rural and urban Malawi." Journal of Virus Eradication 2 (May 2016): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2055-6640(20)31183-3.

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Long, Jessica L., Eric A. Engels, Richard D. Moore, and Kelly A. Gebo. "Incidence and outcomes of malignancy in the HAART era in an urban cohort of HIV-infected individuals." AIDS 22, no. 4 (2008): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qad.0b013e3282f47082.

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Greenbaum, Adena H., Lucy E. Wilson, Jeanne C. Keruly, Richard D. Moore, and Kelly A. Gebo. "Effect of age and HAART regimen on clinical response in an urban cohort of HIV-infected individuals." AIDS 22, no. 17 (2008): 2331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qad.0b013e32831883f9.

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Momoh, Belinda Eseohe, Awayimbo Jaggu Ruth, and Clementina O. Anowai. "Virological and Immunologic Outcome of HIV Infected Drug Experienced Adults in North Central Nigeria." Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research 12, no. 6 (2021): 5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10020813.

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Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has decreased the mortality and morbidity among people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWH). Viral load (VL) has been used by clinicians as primary tool recommended by WHO to monitor patients progress on High Antiretroviral active therapy (HAART). There is a paucity of information on Virological and immunological outcomes of HIV infected drug experience adults' patients in north central Nigeria. We conducted a tertiary hospital based cross-sectional study at federal medical centre in Nasarawa state between December 2019 to march 2020. Method: A total of 474 HIV positive adult were enrolled using a Systematic random technique. Blood specimen for CD+4 T cells count and viral load determination were obtained and PCR-Real time and Flow-cytometry were used to estimate plasma viral load and CD4+ T cell count respectively. Frequency was used to determine percentage and logistic regression was used to determine the associated factors with Virological suppression and immunology outcome in patients on HAART 95% CI and odd ratio (OR) was used to measure strength of association. Results: From the 474 cohort that were enrolled 34.6% were on WHO baseline clinical stage IIV and 57.8% of cohort were on HAART, started treatment regimen in less than a year with 42.2% diagnosed and confirmed with HIV infection between 1-5years. 57.8% were transferred into the centre as a major reason for enrolment. 57.8% has history of TB treatment in the past while 42.2% of the study participants who were eligible for treatment initiation were determine by CD4+ counts with a median interquartile range of 180 (92-300) cells/mm3 . virological suppression (VL level < 1000 copies/ml) was found in 85% (95% CI 77.7, 86.1) of study participants, and it has been associated with CD4 cell count between 250 and 400 cells/mm3 (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.56; 95% CI 1.14, 5.75) and > 499 cells/mm3 (AOR = 7.71; 95% CI 3.48, 17.09) at VL testing and current age > 40 years old (AOR = 5.40; 95% CI 2.3, 10.01). Similarly, favourable immunological status (≥250 cells/mm3 for male and ≥ 600 cells/mm3 for female) was observed in 52.9% (95% CI 47.4, 58.8) of the study participants. Baseline CD4 cell count of > 200 cells/mm3 , age at enrolment of 26 through 40 years old, and urban residency were significantly associated with favourable immunological outcome. Conclusion: Low Immunological recovery among study cohort was observed although viral suppression was shown in majority of the HIV infected adult who are on HAART. Early initiation on HAART should be encouraged in other to achieve immunological recovery and viral suppression in order to achieve the USAIDS- 90-90-90 to end HIV pandemic by 2030. Keywords: Suppression • Virological • Immunological • Mortality • Morbidity Abbreviations: AIDS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus • HAART: High Antiretroviral Active Therapy • ART: Antiretroviral Therapy • VL: Viral Load • WHO: World Health Organization

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Dyson, Anne Haas. "Cultural Constellations and Childhood Identities: On Greek Gods, Cartoon Heroes, and the Social Lives of Schoolchildren." Harvard Educational Review 66, no. 3 (1996): 471–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.66.3.3n5247450r155l73.

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In this article, Anne Haas Dyson examines the social and ideological processes undergirding children's use of media symbols, especially the superhero, as material for story construction and social affiliation. Dyson draws upon an ethnographic project in an urban school serving children from different racial and socioeconomic groups. The project focused on children's participation in composing and in dramatic play activities within the official (teacher-governed) and unofficial (peer-governed) school worlds. Dyson uses project data to illustrate children's use of cultural symbols as material for story construction and social affiliation. She then shows, using children's diverse responses to an unofficial performance of a superhero story, how children negotiate with text and each other. Finally, she argues for a literacy curriculum in which cultural symbols are open to playful appropriation and critical examination.

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Riandet, Aurélie, Irène Xueref-Remy, Ioana Popovici, Ludovic Lelandais, Alexandre Armengaud, and Philippe Goloub. "Diurnal and Seasonal Variability in the Atmospheric Boundary-Layer Height in Marseille (France) for Mistral and Sea/Land Breeze Conditions." Remote Sensing 15, no. 5 (2023): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15051185.

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Marseille (France) is a city on the Mediterranean coast characterized by two specific wind patterns: mistral (northwesterly wind blowing above 10 m/s) and sea/land breezes (southwesterly wind during daytime/northeasterly wind during the nighttime, blowing below 6 m/s). For the first time, this study investigates the diurnal and seasonal variability in the atmospheric boundary-layer height (ABLH) in Marseille for both wind patterns. A 532 nm aerosol lidar was installed in the urban center in the summer of 2021. The lidar installed in the winter of 2021–2022 had an additional near-infrared channel at 808 nm. The ABLH was extracted from the lidar datasets using a Haar wavelet method. For well-established mistral conditions, the ABLH reached to about 1000 m and showed a diurnal amplitude of ~650 m in winter and 740 m in summer, with a morning growth rate limited by turbulence. During sea breeze situations, the ABLH maxima were lower in both seasons (300–600 m) due to the sea’s thermal inertia. During land breeze situations, ABLH minima were estimated to be lower than 150 m. In summer, the Haar method was unable to calculate them because of unpronounced aerosol layers. While the near-infrared channel gives better results, the polarization of the green channel allows us to understand the type of aerosols and thus the origin of the air mass; a combination of the two gives complementary information.

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Lee, Chiang-Wen, Miao-Ching Chi, Kuo-Ti Peng, et al. "Water-Soluble Fullerenol C60(OH)36 toward Effective Anti-Air Pollution Induced by Urban Particulate Matter in HaCaT Cell." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 17 (2019): 4259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20174259.

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Particulate matter (PM), a widespread air pollutant, consists of a complex mixture of solid and liquid particles suspended in air. Many diseases have been linked to PM exposure, which induces an imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in cells, and might result in skin diseases (such as aging and atopic dermatitis). New techniques involving nanomedicine and nano-delivery systems are being rapidly developed in the medicinal field. Fullerene, a kind of nanomaterial, acts as a super radical scavenger. Lower water solubility levels limit the bio-applications of fullerene. Hence, to improve the water solubility of fullerene, while retaining its radical scavenger functions, a fullerene derivative, fullerenol C60(OH)36, was synthesized, to examine its biofunctions in PM-exposed human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. The PM-induced increase in ROS levels and expression of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt could be inhibited via fullerenol pre-treatment. Furthermore, the expression of inflammation-related proteins, cyclooxygenase-2, heme oxygenase-1, and prostaglandin E2 was also suppressed. Fullerenol could preserve the impaired state of skin barrier proteins (filaggrin, involucrin, repetin, and loricrin), which was attributable to PM exposure. These results suggest that fullerenol could act against PM-induced cytotoxicity via ROS scavenging and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and the maintenance of expression of barrier proteins, and is a potential candidate compound for the treatment of skin diseases.

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Yang, Chun-Yin, Cheng-Chang Pan, Chih-Hua Tseng, and Feng-Lin Yen. "Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammation and Antiaging Activities of Artocarpus altilis Methanolic Extract on Urban Particulate Matter-Induced HaCaT Keratinocytes Damage." Antioxidants 11, no. 11 (2022): 2304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11112304.

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Particulate matter (PM) is one of the reasons that exacerbate skin diseases. Impaired barrier function is a common symptom in skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis, eczema and psoriasis. Herbal extracts rich in antioxidants are thought to provide excellent pharmacological activities; however, the anti-pollution activity of Artocarpus altilis extract (AAM) has not been investigated yet. The present study demonstrated that 5 μg/mL of AAM was considered to be a safe dose for further experiments without cytotoxicity. Next, we evaluated the anti-pollution activity of AAM through the PM-induced keratinocytes damage cell model. The results showed that AAM could reduce PM-induced overproduction of intracellular ROS and the final product of lipid peroxidation, 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE). In addition, AAM not only reduced the inflammatory protein expressions, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), but also balanced the aging protein ratio of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMPs) through downregulating the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. For skin barrier protection, AAM could repair PM-induced barrier function proteins damage, including filaggrin, loricrin and aquaporin 3 for providing anti-aging bioactivity. In conclusion, AAM has the potential to be developed as an anti-pollution active ingredient for topical skin products to prevent skin oxidation, inflammation and aging, and restore the skin barrier function.

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Freedman, Warren. "Aantekeninge: Neighbour law and the interference with the natural flow of rainwater in urban areas: another look at Padca v Redlands Development Projects (Pty) Ltd." Tydskrif vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Reg 2023, no. 3 (2023): 509–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/tsar/2023/i3a7.

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Afgesien van die regsbeginsels wat geskille tussen bure beheer wat die generiese vorm van ’n oorlas aanneem, bestaan die Suid-Afrikaanse burereg ook uit ’n stel kasuïstiese beginsels wat bepaalde soorte bureregtelike geskille beheer, elk met sy eie toepassingsveld. Een van hierdie spesifieke soorte geskille is die inmenging met die natuurlike vloei van reënwater. Soos die beskrywende titel aandui, lê hierdie gebied van burereg ’n plig op die eienaar van laerliggende grond om die natuurlike vloei van reënwater vanaf hoërliggende grond te ontvang, ongeag of dit skade vir hom of vir haar aan sy of haar grond meebring. Die regsbeginsels wat hierdie spesifieke soort buurgeskil beheer, gee aanleiding tot ’n aantal komplekse en moeilike vrae. Een hiervan is of dit nie net op landelike grond wat nog in sy ongerepte natuurlike staat verkeer van toepassing is nie, maar ook ongekwalifiseerd van toepassing is op stedelike grond waarvan die topografie in die proses van kultivering ingrypend verander is. In Williams v Harris (1998 3 SA 970 (HHA)), het die hoogste hof van appèl obiter bevind dat die regsbeginsels wel ook op stedelike persele aanwending vind. In die daaropvolgende uitspraak in Pappalardo v Hau (2010 2 SA 451 (HHA)) het dieselfde hof egter, weereens obiter, bevind dat die regsbeginsels tog nie ongekwalifiseerd aanwending in gekultiveerde stedelike erwe vind nie. Ten spyte van die feit dat hierdie teenstrydige benaderings bygedra het tot die verwarring en onsekerheid wat hierdie gedeelte van die burereg kenmerk en dus uitroep vir ’n bevredigende oplossing, het die hoogste hof van appèl in Pietermaritzburg en Distriksraad vir die Bejaardessorg (PADCA) v Redlands Development Projects (Pty) Ltd (2018 4 SA 113 (HHA)) versuim om hierdie kwessie direk aan te spreek. Die hof het bloot die regsbeginsels wat die natuurlike vloei van water beheer, toegepas op grond wat duidelik stedelike grond is. Die doel van die outeur met hierdie nota is om hierdie uitspraak krities te ondersoek deur, ten minste gedeeltelik, ’n regs- en ekonomiese benadering op hierdie gebied van burereg toe te pas.

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Cherry, Gordon E. "Book Review: Cities, Law and Social Policy: Learning from the British edited by CHARLES M. HAAR. Aldershot: Lexington Books. 1984. pp. 265. £29.50." Urban Studies 22, no. 4 (1985): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420988520080601.

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Cherry, Gordon E. "Book Review: Cities, Law and Social Policy: Learning from the British edited by CHARLES M. HAAR. Aldershot: Lexington Books. 1984. pp. 265. £29.50." Urban Studies 22, no. 4 (1985): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420988520080611.

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T., Aswani, Gorli Lakshmi Sai Amalodbhavi, Pindiga Urmila, Sanathan Reddy P., and Mohammed Mosim Ali. "Face Recognition and Tracking of Missing Person using AI." Journal of Trends in Computer Science and Smart Technology 7, no. 1 (2025): 14–28. https://doi.org/10.36548/jtcsst.2025.1.002.

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In the world, a countless number of people including kids, teens, old-aged people are missing every day. Most of them remain untraced. Tragically, the majority of these cases remain unresolved. Missing persons face numerous dangers, with some becoming victims of death, rape, or abuse. The uncertainty surrounding their fate exposes concerned individuals such as parents, friends, relatives, and guardians to significant stress and worry. This study proposes a system designed to aid both the police and the public by accelerating the search process through the implementation of face recognition technology. A comparative study conducted with other models, including MTCNN, SSD, and Haar Cascades, demonstrates YOLOv8's superior real-time performance and accuracy. The system incorporates a collaborative public-police alert mechanism and offers a scalable solution suitable for implementation in large-scale urban environments. Testing of the system reveals a recognition accuracy of 94% with a detection time of approximately 40 milliseconds per frame.

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Engels, Eric A., Malcolm V. Brock, Jinbo Chen, Craig M. Hooker, Maura Gillison, and Richard D. Moore. "Elevated Incidence of Lung Cancer Among HIV-Infected Individuals." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 9 (2006): 1383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.03.4413.

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Purpose People with HIV infection in the United States frequently smoke tobacco. We sought to characterize lung cancer incidence among HIV-infected individuals, examine whether cancer risk was related to HIV-induced immunosuppression, and assess whether the high prevalence of smoking explained elevated risk. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study at an HIV specialty clinic in Baltimore, MD (1989-2003). Incident lung cancers were identified using hospital records. We used negative binomial regression to compare incidence across subgroups defined by demographics, use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and HIV markers. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) compared incidence with an urban reference population (Detroit, MI). We adjusted SIRs for the effect of smoking, using smoking prevalences estimated from part of the cohort and the general population. 95% CIs and P values were two sided. Results Thirty-three lung cancers were observed among 5,238 HIV-infected patients (incidence: 170 per 100,000 person-years). Incidence increased with age (P < .0001), but did not differ by sex, race, or CD4 count. Incidence tended to increase with calendar year (P = .09) and HAART use (P = .10), and was inversely related to HIV viral load (P = .03), but these associations were attenuated with age adjustment. The SIR was 4.7 (95% CI, 3.2 to 6.5) versus the general population. Twenty-eight lung cancer patients (85%) and 69% of the cohort were smokers. After smoking adjustment, risk remained elevated (SIR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.6 to 3.5). Conclusion Lung cancer risk was substantially elevated in HIV-infected individuals. Incidence was unrelated to HIV-induced immunosuppression. Notably, incidence remained high after adjustment for smoking, suggesting the involvement of additional factors.

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Zhang, Zhiwen, Jie Tang, Jiyuan Zhang, Tianyu Li, and Hao Chen. "Research on Online Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Energy Storage Electric Vehicles Under Adaptive Cruising Conditions." Sustainability 17, no. 7 (2025): 3232. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17073232.

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To address the critical challenge of high energy consumption in single-source electric vehicles, this study proposes a hybrid energy storage system (HESS)-integrated energy management strategy (EMS). Firstly, the car-following and HESS models are constructed. Secondly, a multi-objective optimization framework balancing adaptive cruise control (ACC) optimal tracking quality and energy economy is developed, where the fast, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) resolves dynamic power demands. Thirdly, the third-order Haar wavelet enables online rolling decomposition of power profiles. The high-frequency transient power is matched by a supercapacitor, while the low-frequency steady-state power is utilized as an input variable to the optimization controller. Then, a fuzzy logic controller dynamically optimizes HESS’s energy distribution based on state-of-charge (SOC) and load conditions. Finally, the cruise simulation model has been constructed utilizing the MATLAB/Simulink platform. Comparative analysis under the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) demonstrates a 3.71% reduction in the total power demand of the ego vehicle compared to the front vehicle. Compared to single-source configurations, the HESS ensures smoother SOC dynamics in lithium-ion batteries. After employing the third-order Haar wavelet for online rolling decomposition of the demand power, the high-frequency transient power matched by the lithium-ion battery is substantially reduced. Comparative analysis of three control strategies demonstrates that the wavelet-fuzzy logic approach exhibits superior comprehensive performance. Consequently, the proposed strategy effectively mitigates high-frequency transient peak charge/discharge currents in the lithium-ion battery and the energy consumption of the entire vehicle. This study provides a novel solution for energy storage systems in hybrid energy storage electric vehicles (HESEV) under ACC scenarios.

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Leone, S., G. Gregis, G. Quinzan, et al. "Causes of death and risk factors among HIV-infected persons in the HAART era: analysis of a large urban cohort." Infection 39, no. 1 (2011): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-010-0079-z.

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Bi, Qi, Shaodi You, and Theo Gevers. "Learning Generalized Segmentation for Foggy-Scenes by Bi-directional Wavelet Guidance." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 2 (2024): 801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i2.27838.

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Learning scene semantics that can be well generalized to foggy conditions is important for safety-crucial applications such as autonomous driving. Existing methods need both annotated clear images and foggy images to train a curriculum domain adaptation model. Unfortunately, these methods can only generalize to the target foggy domain that has seen in the training stage, but the foggy domains vary a lot in both urban-scene styles and fog styles. In this paper, we propose to learn scene segmentation well generalized to foggy-scenes under the domain generalization setting, which does not involve any foggy images in the training stage and can generalize to any arbitrary unseen foggy scenes. We argue that an ideal segmentation model that can be well generalized to foggy-scenes need to simultaneously enhance the content, de-correlate the urban-scene style and de-correlate the fog style. As the content (e.g., scene semantic) rests more in low-frequency features while the style of urban-scene and fog rests more in high-frequency features, we propose a novel bi-directional wavelet guidance (BWG) mechanism to realize the above three objectives in a divide-and-conquer manner. With the aid of Haar wavelet transformation, the low frequency component is concentrated on the content enhancement self-attention, while the high frequency component is shifted to the style and fog self-attention for de-correlation purpose. It is integrated into existing mask-level Transformer segmentation pipelines in a learnable fashion. Large-scale experiments are conducted on four foggy-scene segmentation datasets under a variety of interesting settings. The proposed method significantly outperforms existing directly-supervised, curriculum domain adaptation and domain generalization segmentation methods. Source code is available at https://github.com/BiQiWHU/BWG.

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Vivian Okeke, Chinelo, Victor Ikechukwu Ogoke, Maureen Anikpe Okumoko, et al. "MAGNITUDE OF STUNTING AND UNDERWEIGHT AMONG HIV INFECTED CHILDREN IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL SOUTH EAST NIGERIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL ASSESSMENT BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL INHABITANTS." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 05 (2025): 906–12. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20975.

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Background: Nutrition plays an important role in infections. Human Imunodeficiency virus infection and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, is commonly complicated by malnutrition, which results to severe illness. Malnutrition therefore needs to be taken into account to guarantee proper care for the HIV sero-positive child. There is paucity of data on the magnitude of malnutrition among HIV infected children in Nigeria. This study aims to determine the magnitude of malnutrition among HIV infected children at Federal Teaching Hospital Owerri and to compare the anthropometry of rural and urban inhabitants of children living with HIV. Methods: A cross-sectional study, in which one hundred and two HIV sero-positive children majority of whom are on HAART, aged 1-18 years were recruited consecutively over four months at the pediatric infectious disease clinic of the Federal University Teaching Hospital Owerri. Socio demographic variables were collected. Anthropometric characteristics; weight and height of each participant were measured using a stadiometer (RGZ-160 England). The weight and height were classified as normal, underweight, overweight, obese and stunted, normal and tall stature using CDC classification. Results: 102 Participants aged 1-18 years included 53 females and 49 males, 22.5% of children were underweight, 34.3% were stunted and 5.8% were obesed. All forms of malnutrition both underweight and overweight were more common in children living in rural areas. 14 children from rural areas were underweight while 10 children from urban areas were underweight. Similarly, 3 children from rural areas were overweight as compared to 2 children from urban areas. Stunting was also more common among rural dwellers. Conclusion: Malnutrition is common among HIV infected children attending the paediatrics infectious disease clinic in Federal University Teaching Hospital Owerri. Appropriate nutritional care needs be provided for HIV sero positive children.

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Shan, Hua, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Richard E. Thompson, and J. Brooks Jackson. "HIV-1 Plasma RNA level and CD4 cell count in a large urban HIV-1-infected patient population from 1997 to 2000." International Journal of STD & AIDS 14, no. 11 (2003): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/09564620360719778.

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We evaluated the change in plasma HIV-1 RNA level and CD4 cell counts in an HIV-1-infected population between 1997 and 2000. Both the mean and the median values of plasma HIV-1 RNA level decreased with time with the exception of 1998. The mean and medians for CD4 cell count appear to be fairly stable. While the percentage of patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA level <400 copies/mL increased from 29.12% in 1997 to 41.31% in 2000, the percentage of patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA level >100,000 copies/mL remained fairly constant. The availability of HAART had impacted the level of plasma HIV-1 RNA, although many patients still have plasma HIV-1 RNA level >100,000 copies/mL. Most patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA level >400 copies/mL in 1997 still have plasma HIV-1 RNA level >400 copies/mL in 2000. These laboratory findings, however, do not necessarily mean that there had been a lack of clinical benefit.

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Barille, Giovanna, Danielli Souza Sant’Ana, Ingrid Soares Marques Segal, et al. "Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes diagnosticados com HIV atendidos em centro de atendimento especializado de Vitória - ES na era pós HAART." Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Saúde/Brazilian Journal of Health Research 24, supl_1 (2023): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47456/rbps.v24isupl_1.39710.

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Introdução: O vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) foi responsável por cerca de 650.000 mortes no mundo, representando ainda uma doença de impacto mundial. Objetivo: Descrever perfil epidemiológico de pacientes infectados por HIV na era pós HAART acompanhados em centro especializado para tratamento de PVHIV (SAE-HUCAM). Métodos: Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, com análise de prontuários no SAE-HUCAM, entre janeiro de 2019 a setembro de 2022. Resultados: Dos 171 pacientes, 126 eram homens e 45 mulheres (razão para sexo de 2,8), sendo a média de idade para ambos, 43 anos. Cor parda, 8-12 anos de estudo (45,6%), heterossexuais (35,7%) e residência em área urbana (49,1%) predominou na população. Cerca de 43,3% possuíam comorbidades, sendo mais prevalente, cardiovasculares (50%). 58,5% procediam da enfermaria de infectologia. Apenas 36,8% possuíam abandono de tratamento. 77,8% descobriram HIV após 2017. Contagem de CD4 foi baixa tanto naqueles com diagnóstico recente (média de 274 cels/mm3), como em abandono de tratamento (média de 205 cels/mm3). Em relação aos linfócitos T CD4 o estudo evidenciou que 45% dos pacientes apresentavam valores acima de 500 cels/mm3, 36,8% apresentavam infecções oportunistas, destacando-se isoladamente, Candida spp. (18,6%). Conclusão: Evidencia-se que apesar da oferta ampla e irrestrita da terapia HAART, nossa população apresenta perfil epidemiológico diferente das PVHIV atualmente no Brasil. A infecção pelo HIV ainda se apresenta de forma tardia, com infecções oportunistas, sem distinção entre sexo, faixa etária acima de 40 anos, em heterossexuais residentes em regiões urbanas.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Urban Haat'

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