Dissertations / Theses: 'Urban operation'

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Ottoni, Cláudio Knapp Benedicto. "A operação urbana Água Branca e a transformação da Barra Funda." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16133/tde-16022017-120537/.

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A pesquisa faz um histórico da Operação Urbana Água Branca, como instrumento de transformação urbana da região da Barra Funda em São Paulo. Após debates ao longo da década de 1980, a Operação Urbana é adotada como instrumento urbanístico no Brasil, e especificamente em São Paulo, no Plano Diretor de 1985. Sua adoção definia como objetivo a transformação de lugares estratégicos da cidade por meio da captação de recursos advindos da iniciativa privada em momento de diminuição do investimento público. Nesse sentido, as formas de relação entre poder público e capital privado são abordadas pela pesquisa, procurando-se definir os resultados derivados de políticas, posturas, estratégias e mecanismos urbanísticos diversos, adotados no período 1995-2015, ao longo do qual a Operação Urbana Água Branca adota progressivamente as características de projeto urbano, voltado para o redesenho do bairro. O trabalho constrói inicialmente um panorama da evolução do bairro anterior à criação da Operação Urbana, após o que analisa a fundamentação teórica do instrumento e finalmente sua adoção pelo Executivo municipal paulistano. Discute-se também o processo de formulação, adoção e posterior abandono, em 2006, do projeto vencedor do Concurso Bairro Novo pelo poder público, e como as características dos cenários político, urbanístico e econômico-financeiro naquele momento contribuíram para o desfecho do processo. A dinâmica de desenvolvimento imobiliário da Barra Funda, posterior ao descarte do projeto do Bairro Novo, é examinada, com foco especial para o projeto e construção do empreendimento Jardim das Perdizes, mini-bairro construído pelas incorporadoras Tecnisa e PDG em espaço central ao bairro. O trabalho procurou igualmente avaliar quais modificações no uso e ocupação do solo no mesmo período são de fato induzidas pelos instrumentos previstos na lei e quais destes resultados independem ou dependem em grau menor da existência da Operação Urbana. Por fim, a pesquisa concentrou-se no detalhado processo de revisão da Operação Urbana Água Branca e sua transformação em Operação Urbana Consorciada, com maior participação de representantes da sociedade civil por meio da formação de um Grupo de Gestão e foco mais acentuado em construção de Habitação de Interesse Social. O processo mais recente é também caracterizado por estratégias múltiplas de interação entre poder público e capital privado consubstanciadas na criação de instrumentos urbanísticos diversos na nova Lei, que oscilam entre atuação direta do Executivo municipal na urbanização, parcerias público-privadas, e mecanismos de indução de adoção pelos incorporadores de características urbanísticas pretendidas pelo poder público. A transformação da Operação Urbana Água Branca é vista também como associada à adoção de princípios derivados do Estatuto da Cidade. O trabalho permitiu avaliar as possibilidades do instrumento da Operação Urbana Água Branca e de sua versão Consorciada para transformar positiva e criativamente o bairro da Barra Funda por meio de necessária e complexa interação entre poder público e capital privado, ainda que este instrumento deva ser continuamente aprimorado pela participação intensa da sociedade civil em seu processo.
The research is a history of the Urban Operation Água Branca, as an urban transformation tool in the Barra Funda district in São Paulo. After debates throughout the 1980s, the Urban Operation is adopted as an urban instrument in Brazil, specifically in São Paulo, in the Master Plan of 1985. Its adoption defined the objective of transforming strategic places of the city through fundraising coming from the private sector at a time of decreasing government investment. In this sense, forms of relationship between government and private equity are covered by the dissertation, seeking to define the results derived from policies, attitudes, strategies and different urban mechanisms adopted in the period 1995-2015, over which the Urban Operation Água Branca gradually adopted urban design features, aimed to redesign the neighborhood of Barra Funda. The work initially builds an overview of developments in the previous years of the creation of the Urban Operation, after which analyzes the theoretical basis of the instrument and finally its adoption by the São Paulo Municipal Administration. We also discuss the formulation, adoption and subsequent abandonment in 2006 of the winner project of the competition Bairro Novo, and how the characteristics of political, urban, economic and financial scenarios in that time contributed to the outcome of the process. The dynamics of the real estate development of Barra Funda, after the competition, is examined with a special focus on the design and construction of the project Jardim das Perdizes, a mini-neighborhood built by developers Tecnisa and PDG in a central space to the neighborhood. The work also sought to assess which changes in land use and occupation in the same period are indeed induced by the instruments provided for by law and also which results do not depend or rely to a lesser extent on the Urban Operation existence. Finally, the research focused on the detailed process of revision of the Urban Operation Água Branca by the municipality and its transformation into an Urban Operation Consortium, with greater participation of representatives of civil society through a Management Group and a sharper focus on social housing. The most recent case is also characterized by multiple strategies of interaction between government and private capital embodied in the creation of many urban instruments in the new law, ranging from direct action of the municipal executive in urbanization and public-private partnerships to mechanisms for the induction of adoption by developers of urban characteristics required by the government. The transformation of the Urban Operation Água Branca is also seen as a reflection of the adoption of principles derived from the the Brazilian federal urban development law known as Estatuto da Cidade. The research allowed to evaluate the possibilities of the Urban Operation Água Branca and its Consortiated version to transform positively and creatively the Barra Funda district through necessary and complex interaction between government and private capital, although this instrument should be continuously enhanced by the participation of civil society.

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Mainieri, Pedro Paulo de Siqueira. "Contribuição para o projeto urbano Anhumas Campinas/SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16138/tde-15012010-110624/.

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Esta dissertação consiste em uma contribuição ao estudo de caso Projeto Urbano Anhumas em Campinas SP, situado nas bordas do anel viário do centro expandido, em área de vazio urbano formado pela desativação do leito ferroviário, no ponto onde se forma o ribeirão Anhumas. Com o objetivo de propor diretrizes para a re-integração da área ao tecido urbano do entorno, considera o desenvolvimento urbano, a formação histórica da morfologia da cidade, bem como o estudo dos aspectos legais, ambientais e da dispersão urbana. A análise se dá nas escalas local e metropolitana, sob a perspectiva do desenvolvimento de novas centralidades situadas ao longo das antigas ferrovias. Tem como pano de fundo as recentes teorias do urbanismo contemporâneo, analisadas através de casos concretos das experiências nacionais e internacionais, confrontadas com a realidade local.
This dissertation consists of a contribuition to the case study of the Projeto Urbano Anhumas in Campinas SP, located at the outskirts of the beltline of the expanded center of the city, in a vacant urban area created by the desactivation of the railroad bed at the point where the Anhumas stream is formed. With the objective of recommending procedures for the re-integration of the surronding urban mesh, it considers the urban development, the historical upbringing ot the citys morfology, as well as the study of the legal and environmental aspects, and of the urban dispersion. The analysis occurs on local and metropolitan scenario, under the perspective of the development of settelments situated along the old railroad. It has a background on recent theories on contemporary urbanism, analyzed through real cases of national and international experiences, confronted with the local reality.

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Peftitsi, Soumela. "Operation of the expanded Blue Metro Line in Stockholm." Thesis, KTH, Transportplanering, ekonomi och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191164.

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Since the population growth of Stockholm Region is rapid, leading to larger demand on Public Transport and especially metro, four Municipalities of the Region have agreed on the expansion of the metro network. Blue metro line will be extended to Nacka and Hagsatra in the south and Barkarby in the north of the Swedish capital. The new railway line connections have been already planned, while the operation of the expanded line is analyzed in the current thesis. Taking the expected increase of passenger volumes and the operation of the current Blue line into account and following the safety restrictions, two alternative regular timetables of the expanded Blue line, limited to the morning rush service on a working weekday, have been constructed. The operation at stations of low expected passenger volume on the train is evaluated concerning the satisfaction of the operator. The rst alternative metro operation with trac every 4 minutes during the rush hour is concluded to be less ecient than the second alternative with 5 minutes headway, as 21 % larger amount of rolling stock is needed and more seats are not occupied. Finally, in order to achieve higher operational eciency at the low-demanded stations, a third Blue line operation, that is based on the second alternative and it includes short services, operating on a part of the line and not on the full-length of it, has been proposed. Although the number of trains needed for the morning peak hour operation remains constant between the second and third alternative operations, the proportion of empty seats at the analyzed stations is expected to be lower during the last alternative operation, resulting in a metro line scheduling that satises the operator most.

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Higginson, M. P. "The efficiency of British urban bus operation and financing." Thesis, University of Westminster, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380241.

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Rask, Lars. "Strid i bebyggelse - Vilka faktorer möjliggör framgång." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-7522.

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Världen globaliseras och urbaniseras i en allt högre takt vilket innebär utmaningar för framtida försvarsmakter. Försvarsmakterna kommer mer frekvent att få lösa militära operationer genom strid i bebyggelse (SIB). Denna undersöknings ansats är att pröva Alice Hills teori om framgångsfaktorer som analyserats fram ur krigshistoriens militära operationer i kontexten SIB. Hills argumenterar för en mängd framgångsfaktorer. Denna undersökning prövar faktorerna utbildningsståndpunkt/stridserfarenhet, tillgång till infanteriförband, nyttjande av indirekt bekämpning och tredje parts inverkan på operationer. Dessa faktorer prövas i en jämförande fallstudie av operationerna i Fallujah 2004 Operation Vigilant Resolve (misslyckad operation) och Operation Phantom Fury (framgångsrik operation) vilka båda ingick i Operation Iraqi Freedom. De källor som har nyttjats för att genomföra teoriprövningen är Vincent L. Foulks, ”The Battle for Fallujah: Occupation, Resistance and Stalemate in the War in Iraq” och Bing Wests ”No True Glory: A Frontline Account of the Battle for Fallujah”. Resultatet av undersökningen stärker Hills teori om de fyra prövade framgångsfaktorerna. Fallstudien påvisar att ingående förband i Operation Vigilant Resolve (misslyckad operation) endast hade en grundlagd utbildningsståndpunkt i SIB samt att stora delar av förbanden saknade stridserfarenhet. Vidare påvisar undersökningen att det var låg numerär av infanteriförband och att mixen mellan infanteri och pansarförband medförde att infanteriförbanden inte kunde lösa uppgiften att skydda pansarförbanden i tillräcklig omfattning. I denna operation finns inget som bevisar att någon form att markgrupperad, indirekt bekämpning nyttjats. Tredje parts påverkan var stor givet förutsättningen att endast en mindre del av befolkning flytt staden Fallujah. Operation Phantom Fury påvisar det motsatta gentemot Operation Vigilant Resolve. Förbanden var bättre utbildade genom att de fått dra lärdom under genomförande under Operation Vigilant Resolve samt att de fått stridserfarenhet genom samma operation. Stor numerär av infanteri och en bättre mix av infanteri och pansarförband där infanteriet understöddes av pansarförbanden istället för tvärtom som var fallet vid Operation Vigilant Resolve. Operation nyttjade indirekt bekämpning i form av granatkastare och artilleri i stor omfattning. Den fjärde och sist prövande framgångsfaktorn, tredje parts inverkan på operationen påvisar att stora delar av staden Fallujah var utrymd vilket indirekt påverkar framförallt faktorn nyttjande av indirekt bekämpning. Sammanfattningsvis stärker denna teoriprövande fallstudie Hills förklaringskraft avseende de fyra utvalda framgångsfaktorerna. Detta ger en vetenskaplig grund att bygga framtidens förband kring där SIB kommer vara frekvent återkommande.

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Bridges, James Ian. "City-to-city co-operation and the realisation of urban sustainability." Thesis, Durham University, 2008. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1943/.

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This thesis examines the extent and the nature of city-to-city co-operation (CTCC) for sustainable development among UK local authorities. Policy-makers and analysts believe that various forms of local authority co-operation, here termed CTCC, will enable local authorities to effectively deliver local sustainable development objectives. To date, little attention has been given as to why and how such governing processes take place or to the realities of their outcomes. The thesis informs academic debates on governance. It argues that the 'hollowing out' (Rhodes, 1997, p. 138) and changing role of the state (MacLeod and Goodwin, 1999) have allowed for the emergence and diffusion of self-organizational networks. This shift in the nature of govemance has ted the political opportunity for CTCC. The thesis draws on the policy networks (Marsh and Rhodes, 1992) and govemance networks (Marcussen and Torfmg, 2003) literature to consider how key characteristics in governing through networks - resources, face-to-face interaction, and inter-personal relationships and trust - are relevant to CTCC.

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Maleronka, Camila. "Projeto e gestão na metrópole contemporânea: um estudo sobre as potencialidades do instrumento \'operação urbana consorciada\' à luz da experiência paulistana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16133/tde-25092010-175936/.

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Esta tese discute a operação urbana consorciada como instrumento de parceria entre o poder público e o setor privado para a promoção de projetos urbanos. O trabalho parte da hipótese de que a viabilização de intervenções urbanísticas por meio do instrumento estaria limitada à aplicação parcial da legislação e não à consecução de parcerias efetivas. Em 2001, a regulamentação nacional da operação urbana consorciada pelo Estatuto da Cidade trouxe inovações importantes no sentido de recuperar a essência do instrumento que aparentemente não foram assimiladas de forma equivalente. Esta tese avança na elucidação do instrumento, recuperando e enfatizando sua dupla dimensão projeto e gestão e apontando para um modelo que não negligencie o aspecto físico-urbanístico ao valorizar o apelo econômico-financeiro do instrumento.
This thesis discusses the consortiated urban operation as an urban planning tool of partnership between the public and the private sectors to promote urban projects. The work is based on the hypothesis that the viability of urban interventions through this planning tool would be limited to partial implementation of legislation and would not achieve effective partnerships. In 2001, the national regulation of the consortiated urban operation by the City Statute has brought major innovations in order to recover the essence of the instrument that seems not to have been understood equivalently. This thesis advances in the elucidation of the tool, recovering and valuing its dual dimension - project and management - and pointing to a model that does not neglect the physical urban aspect by overestimating the economic-financial appeal of the tool.

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Goh, Wei Jun. "Survivability design of ground systems for area defense operation in an urban scenario." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/43918.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
This thesis applies a systems engineering approach to determine significant ground system design factors that impact the mission objectives of an urban area defense operation. The shift in conventional warfare to urban operations changes the determinants of an operationally-effective ground system design. Urban terrain characteristics pose different battlefield conditions and design challenges to ground system in an area defense operation. Limited by engineering constraints, ground systems should be designed to leverage the operational environment to achieve mission success. Drawing reference to performed functions in urban area defense, this thesis identifies four design factors of passive and active survivability measures, mobility, and sensor classification range. Map Aware Non-uniform Automata (MANA) software is used to model an area defense operation against an invading enemy. This thesis utilizes nearly orthogonal Latin hypercubes (NOLH) to determine the design points for simulation. For each identified measure of effectiveness (MOE) of mission success rate, friendly attrition, and loss exchange ratio (LER) during an area defense mission, the effect of respective design factors and its relative contribution are analyzed.

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Kumlin, Jesper. "True operation simulation for urban rail : Energy efficiency from access to Big data." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Industriell ekonomi och organisation, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-44264.

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LOPES, ROGERIO DE GUSMAO PINTO. "REQUIRED TANKER FLEET FOR OIL PRODUCTS DISTRIBUTION IN AN URBAN OPERATION IN BRAZIL." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4737@1.

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Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre a Logística de Distribuição de Derivados de Petróleo, com o desenvolvimento de um modelo para a determinação do tamanho mínimo da frota rodoviária necessária a uma operação de distribuição. Esse modelo, implementado através de uma heurística, não se propõe a determinar o tamanho ótimo da frota e sim estabelecer um processo prático e racional, com base numa aplicação real e flexível. Antes da proposição da heurística, foi realizada uma revisão dos conceitos de supply chain management e comparado o desenvolvimento da indústria do petróleo no Brasil, frente a esses conceitos. A aplicação do modelo com dados reais teve seus resultados comparados com as formulações propostas por DAGANZO et al (1985) e NOVAES (1989). Essa comparação mostrou que a modelagem, desenvolvida para a solução do problema prático, chega a resultados adequados para o ajuste do tamanho da frota. A abordagem prática e a apresentação detalhada da estrutura do problema real são as principais contribuições que esse estudo agrega à área de conhecimento e pesquisa de logística de distribuição de derivados de petróleo.
This master thesis presents a study of the logistics of oil products distribution. It also creates a model for the determination of minimum tankers fleet size, required for a distribution operation in Rio de Janeiro - Brazil. This model was implemented through heuristics, and doesn`t intend to determine the optimal fleet size; its objective instead is to establish a rational and a practical process for the distribution, based on flexible and real data application. Before the heuristics proposal, we took into consideration a review of supply chain management concepts and we evaluated these in relation to the development of the oil industry in Brazil. To validate the model`s correctness, the results of the heuristics run, using real data, were compared to figures obtained using DAGANZO et al (1985) and NOVAES (1989) formulation. This process shows that the developed model is able to solve practical problems regarding truck fleet size. The pragmatic approach and the detailed description of the real problem structure are the main contributions of this study to the field of logistics of oil products distribution.

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Wong, Chui-Ying Tracy. "Exploring an alternative operation model for socially-sustainable urban redevelopment in Hong Kong a revisit to Urban Renewal Authority's public-private partnership /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43250828.

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黃翠盈 and Chui-Ying Tracy Wong. "Exploring an alternative operation model for socially-sustainable urban redevelopment in Hong Kong: a revisitto Urban Renewal Authority's public-private partnership." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43250828.

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Lalenis, Konstantinos S. "Public participation strategies in urban planning in Greece after the 'Urban reconstruction operation (EPA) 1982-1984' comparison of theory and practice." Thesis, University of Westminster, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334411.

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Yousif, Saad Yaqub. "Effect of lane changing on traffic operation for dual carriageway roads with roadworks." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370070.

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Grissett, James Arthur. "The organization and operation of downtown commercial development agencies in medium and small size cities." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20798.

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Silva, Fernanda Queiroz da. "Operação urbana consorciada Tietê II: do plano urbano ao projeto urbano." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2014. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/358.

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This dissertation focuses on urban projects and public policies applied to the urban management front of the Urban Operation Tietê II project, prepared by the office of Hector Vigliecca. He begins with the concept of the integration of the urban design plan, since its formulation 2008. Vigliecca part of urban design to urban design plan, different from the usual logic of urban development projects. They are usually lined in urban and logical indices of the consumer market, such as zoning. In OUCT II develops an urban design with architecture for the central city. This region is in a large part underutilized due to deindustrialization, from the project, it creates the urban plan expressed in the bill of OUCT II. The genesis of Urban Operation part of a "real possibility" that does not fit or the modernist principles nor defended us by Ascher (2010). Modernist characteristics can be seen more clearly in its urban design. The diagnosis made by this work is also done in the light of experiences considered paradigmatic internationally as the Urban Plan of Expo 98, Lisbon, the Linear Park Manzanares River in Madrid and, Puerto Madero in Buenos Aires , in a comparative method that seeks instrumentation, difficulties and procedures adopted by these experiences.
Esta dissertação enfoca projetos urbanos e políticas públicas aplicadas à gestão urbana frente ao projeto da Operação Urbana Consorciada Tietê II, elaborada pelo escritório de Hector Vigliecca. Ele parte do conceito da integração do plano ao projeto urbano, desde sua formulação em 2008. Vigliecca parte do projeto urbano para conceber o plano urbano, diferente da lógica usual do desenvolvimento de projetos urbanos. Eles são normalmente pautados em índices urbanísticos e lógicas do mercado de consumo, como o zoneamento. Na OUCT II se desenvolve um projeto urbano com arquitetura para a região central do município. Esta região é em sua grande parte subutilizada devido à desindustrialização, a partir do projeto, cria-se o plano urbano, expresso no projeto de lei da OUCT II. A gênese da Operação Urbana parte da hipótese do real que não se enquadra nem nos princípios modernistas e nem nos defendidos por Ascher (2010). As características modernistas podem ser observadas com mais clareza no seu desenho urbano. O diagnóstico feito por este trabalho é realizado também à luz de experiências consideradas paradigmáticas a nível internacional, como o Plano Urbano da Expo 98, em Lisboa; o Parque Linear Rio Manzanares, em Madri e; Porto Madero, em Buenos Aires; em um método comparativo que busca a instrumentação, as dificuldades e os procedimentos adotados por estas experiências.

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Licher, Monica Katherine. "Estimating Post-Construction Costs of a Changing Urban Stormwater Program." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73679.

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Degradation of the nation's waters continues to be a problem and urban runoff is a large contributor to it. New stormwater management policies stress the importance of using stormwater control practices that reduce the quantity and improve the quality of stormwater runoff. The new approaches tend to emphasize small-scale, on-site practices over large scale. Yet to achieve water quality benefits, stormwater control practices must be maintained over time. Maintenance costs of these facilities, however, are poorly understood. A case study of five municipalities around the United States is used to estimate inspection and enforcement costs for each case site. Maintenance activities and costs were collected at the case sites for the following stormwater controls: dry ponds, wet ponds, wetlands, bioretention facilities, sand filters, and infiltration trenches. Cost estimates indicate that inspection and enforcement is not influenced by type. Maintenance cost estimates change depending on the BMP type. Estimated annual post-construction costs applied to a hypothetical 1,000-acre indicate that moving from large-scale to small-scale stormwater controls has a large impact in terms of financial obligation.
Ph. D.

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Jain, Priyanka. "The effects of privatization, deregulation and decentralization on theefficient operation of urban mass transit railways." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3862865X.

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Silva, Angela dos Santos. "Operação urbana consorciada Água Espraiada: análise de política pública para implantação de projetos de habitação de interesse social no setor Jabaquara ano 2001-2012." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-15072015-135911/.

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As Operações Urbanas possuem aplicabilidade para a criação de políticas urbanas mais eficientes, pois é um instrumento legal de requalificação urbana. Apresenta-se como um instrumento urbanístico de parceria entre o poder público municipal e a iniciativa privada. A Operação Urbana Consorciada Água Espraiada (OUCAE) que é regida por lei específica possui um plano de obras e, com os Certificados de Potencial Adicional de Construção (Cepac), os recursos financeiros são antecipados e podem ser utilizados no programa de investimentos de acordo com as diretrizes de obras estabelecidas na lei. Existe um Grupo de Gestão da Operação Urbana Consorciada que define e prioriza onde serão aplicados esses recursos. A OUCAE possui perímetro delimitado em lei e divide-se nos seguintes setores: Setor Jabaquara, Setor Brooklin, Setor Berrini, Setor Marginal Pinheiros, Setor Chucri Zaidan e Setor Americanópolis. Esta pesquisa apresenta os resultados da análise do processo de segregação nas comunidades diretamente atingidas pelas obras da OUCAE no setor jabaquara no período de março de 2003 até dezembro de 2012 , a partir do diagnóstico e seleção dos principais agentes que participam do Grupo de Gestão envolvidos neste processo. Os métodos utilizados na pesquisa foram a revisão bibliográfica e a pesquisa qualitativa direta com duas abordagens, a saber: a primeira abordagem abrangeu a investigação em informações secundárias coletadas nos documentos técnicos do acervo da biblioteca e arquivo técnico da EMURB, atual São Paulo Urbanismo e nas atas das Reuniões do Grupo de Gestão da OUCAE e a segunda abordagem amparada em dados primários onde entrevistou-se a população vulnerável moradora do setor Jabaquara diretamente afetada pelo plano de obras da OUCAE. Os resultados obtidos são referentes à discussão dos assuntos abordados nas Reuniões do Grupo de Gestão do ponto de vista da Habitação de Interesse Social onde apurou-se que as metas de atendimento habitacional não foram atingidas e à descoberta que os moradores que vivem em situação de vulnerabilidade nas comunidades atingidas pelas obras da OUCAE subdividem-se em subgrupos apresentando perfis diferentes , descaracterizando a prática de que a representação dos anseios e pontos de vista dos moradores em relação às ações praticadas pelo Poder Público está contida em um único grupo de moradores no Grupo de Gestão. Concluiu-se que para que uma Política Urbana seja eficiente é necessário que estrategicamente a comunicação entre os agentes dos órgãos da Administração Pública e da sociedade civil, envolvidos no processo de requalificação urbana, seja aprimorada, que o Grupo de Gestão participe das discussões estratégicas para implantação de um projeto de Política Urbana e que os órgãos municipais, estaduais e federais se articulem de forma mais organizada. Em complemento que a comunicação deva se estender aos subgrupos de moradores que foram identificados na pesquisa, pois contribuirá para soluções consensuais quando da prática de alguma ação por parte do Poder Público que reflita diretamente na população vulnerável.
Urban Operations do have applicability to the creation of more efficient urban policies as it is a legal instrument for urban renewal. It presents itself as an urban instrument of partnership between the municipal government and the private sector. The Urban Consortium Operation Águas Espraiada (OUCAE) which is governed by some specific legislation has a construction plan, and having the Additional Construction Potential Certificates (Cepac), the financial resources are anticipated and can be used according to the guidelines established by law. There is a Management Group in the Urban Operation that defines and prioritizes where these funds will be used. The OUCAE has its perimeter defined by law and is divided into six sectors. This research presents the analysis results of Public Policy for the implementation of social housing projects in Jabaquara sector from 2001 to 2012, from the research and selection of the main agencies involved in the management group involved in this process. The methods used in the research were the literature review and direct qualitative research with two approaches, namely: the first approach includes the investigation on secondary information collected in technical documentation library resources and technical file of EMURB, current Urbanism in Sao Paulo and the minutes from the Meetings of the Management Group of OUCAE. The second approach was supported by primary data from interviews with the residents of Jabaquara sector, who are directly affected by the OUCAE plan. The results refer to the discussion of the matters approached in the meetings of the Group Management, from the point of view of social housing. The results showed that the housing assistance targets were not met; it also showed that residents living in vulnerable situation within the communities affected are subdivided into subgroups with different profiles, different practices and conflicting interests. Changing the view that the practice of the representation of the wishes and points of view of the residents, in relation to the actions taken by the Government, is contained in a single group in the Management Group. The conclusion was, for an urban policy to be effective, it is necessary that the strategic communication - between the agents of the public authorities and civil society involved in the urban renewal process - improve. The Management Group should take part in strategic discussions to the implementation of an Urban Policy Project with the municipal, state and federal agencies to articulate more effectively. In addition, the communication should include all the subgroups of residents who were identified in the survey because it will contribute to a consensual solution when some action on the part of the government reflects directly on the vulnerable population.

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Jain, Priyanka. "The effects of privatization, deregulation and decentralization on the efficient operation of urban mass transit railways." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B3862865X.

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Zhang, Yingxuan, and 張映璇. "Collaborative environmental management in the Pearl River Delta : an urban operation research approach for electricity consumption." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206746.

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Electricity generation is the major emission source of air pollutants in the highly industrialized Pearl River Delta Region. In a compact region like the Pearl River Delta, pollutants can easily transfer from one city to another. The research question of this study is to construct an optimal and mutual agreeable scheme to reduce electricity consumption in the Pearl River Delta Region, which involves the collaboration of all cities in the Region. The main objective of the study is to conduct a cooperative scheme that internalizes the external social cost of electricity consumption through optimal electricity consumption reduction. This research first surveys papers on urban environmental problems, especially environmental problems caused in Pearl River Delta Region. Literature review indicates that public electricity generation is the major emission source of air pollutants in this region. Secondly, this research reviews literatures on the social costs of electricity consumption. Reviews show that external costs of electricity consumption in different countries differ widely, ranging from 13% to 700% of electricity price. This study adopts the lower quartile of this range, which is 13% of electricity price. Thirdly, urban operations research is reviewed, and a major policy instrument for environmental improvement, environmental tax, is investigated. This study develops a hierarchical structure of urban operations research to study the collaborative management of electricity consumption reduction in the Pearl River Delta Region. This urban operations research model includes seven essential steps: problem definition; objectives identification; performance measures; data analysis; analytical framework construction; model solution and courses of actions; and policy implementation. Moreover, this novel urban operations research model is applied in collaborative management of electricity consumption reduction in the Pearl River Delta. This research uses statistical and mathematical methods to estimate the parameters relevant to GDP, electricity consumption, external costs of electricity consumption, and environmental tax, and then formulates the operational model. Then, this model is employed to evaluate non-cooperative equilibrium condition among the eleven Pearl River Delta cities under a non-cooperative market outcome; to derive individual city’s external cost of electricity; to derive environmental levy and optimal electricity consumption reduction; and to design a compensation plan. In the compensation plan, under cooperation, in both 2013 and 2014, four cities (Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Foshan, and Dongguan) have to pay for their net spillover external cost of electricity consumption. The other seven cities (Zhuhai, Jiangmen, Huizhou, Zhaoqing, Hong Kong, Macao, and Zhongshan) would receive compensation. The urban operations research model for regional cooperation in electricity consumption reduction developed in this study provides an instrument to deal with the pollution problem in the Pearl River Delta Region. It facilitates the exploration of hitherto intractable problems in regional environmental cooperation and established solution plans. The urban operations model is expected to provide practical policy choices for a Pearl River Delta environmental collaboration scheme. This research represents the first attempt on an application of urban operations research model of collaborative management scheme of electricity consumption reduction in Pearl River Delta Region.
published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Zhu, Jieming. "Property development process and its public-private co-operation in the Shenzhen special economic zone, China, 1980-1990." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343407.

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Caldeira, Daniel Ávila. "Largo da Batata: transformações e resistências." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16139/tde-08092015-150425/.

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No coração do bairro de Pinheiros, sete quilômetros a sudoeste do centro de São Paulo, está o Largo da Batata, um subcentro urbano de expressão metropolitana. A formação do caráter comercial da área esteve ligada ao comércio atacadista de produtos agrícolas no início do século XX e, mais recentemente, à presença massiva de trabalhadores que faziam baldeações no terminal de ônibus instalado no local, com linhas conectando a região central às periferias a oeste do rio Pinheiros. Apesar de sua estrutura física precária, a vitalidade e os aspectos distintivos da área estiveram, até recentemente, baseados numa pujante atividade comercial de diferentes escalas e temporalidades. Há tempos percebido e representado como um foco de degradação em meio a bairros sofisticados, o Largo da Batata tem recebido, na última década, uma série de intervenções do poder público visando à sua \"reconversão urbana\". Entre estas figuram a extensão da avenida Faria Lima, a relocação do terminal de ônibus, a transformação de duas quadras em uma ampla praça, e uma estação de metrô. Comerciantes locais foram afetados negativamente pelas obras viárias e pela reorganização do transporte coletivo, tendo perdido parte de sua clientela. Ademais, os lojistas também têm sido pressionados pela alta dos aluguéis na região. Vários donos de estabelecimentos comerciais também foram despejados para dar espaço a empreendimentos imobiliários que guardam pouca relação com o pequeno comércio e o comércio popular da região, apontando na direção da construção de uma cidade global e exclusiva. O surgimento repentino de um espaço aberto tem estimulado uma diversidade de iniciativas artísticas e culturais que ocupam a nova praça com atividades por vezes críticas à transformação do bairro. A praça também se tornou um importante ponto de concentração para manifestações políticos de variados matizes ideológicos. Mesmo diante dessa conjuntura, muitos comerciantes têm conseguido se manter em atividade, seja cativando sua clientela ou se adaptando a um público diferente. Por outro lado, um novo tipo de comércio, voltado para o consumo das classes média e alta, tem se estabelecido nas franjas da região, aproximando-se gradualmente do Largo da Batata. De todo modo, o vigor do caráter comercial da área persiste, assim como persiste o papel da região na rede de transportes da região metropolitana.
At the heart of the Pinheiros district, 7 km southwest of downtown São Paulo, Brazil, lies the so-called Largo da Batata (\"Potato Square\"), the core of an urban subcenter of metropolitan expression. The neighborhood\'s formation as a commercial area was linked to wholesale greengrocers in the early 20th century and, more recently, to the working-class crowds of commuters transferring in and around the local bus terminal that served as a transit hub connecting central São Paulo to its western suburbs. In spite of the area\'s precarious physical structure, until recently its vitality and distinctive urban aspect had been supported by bustling commercial activity of different scales and temporalities. Long perceived as an urban eyesore squeezed in between posh residential, business, and night-life districts, Largo da Batata has been targeted over the past decade by a series of interventions aimed at its \"urban reconversion\". These have included the removal of the bus terminal, the extension of one of the city\'s main financial thoroughfares through the neighborhood, the reshaping of two-odd city blocks into an enlarged square, and a subway station. Pressured by rising rents and enduring a dwindling clientele after years of disruption by the public works, local retailers have also felt the loss of a significant portion of their bus-commuter patrons. Many tenants have also been evicted to give way to real estate projects that relate not to the area\'s characteristic working-class, small- scale uses, but to shiny prospects of an exclusive and motorized global city where poverty and its signs do not meet the eyes of affluent citizens. The sudden appearance of a raw, wide open space has spurred the emergence of several artistic and cultural initiatives occupying the new square, some of which critical of the upscaling of the neighborhood. The square has also become an important meeting point for political rallies and demonstrations that fall within a wide ideological gamut. Even against that backdrop, many shop owners have managed to put up with the new circumstances either by captivating their regular customers or by adapting to a different public. On the other hand, new, upmarket stores have established at the fringe of the region, gradually approaching Largo da Batata. In any case, the strong commercial character of the area persists, as does its role in the transportation network of the metropolitan area.

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Moraes, Luís Gustavo Sayão de. "Operações urbanas enquanto instrumento de transformação da cidade: o caso da Operação Urbana Água Branca no município de São Paulo (1995-2009)." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2010. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2591.

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Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
Urban Operations [Operações Urbanas] are a kind of instrument that seek to promote urban redevelopment in strategic locations, throughout cities chosed by the government. The São Paulo Urban Operations origins goes back to the experiences of the 1980‟s decade, which resulted from the employment of the Master Plan Interconnected Operations [Operações Interligadas] elaborated in 1985. Since the 1980‟s, several interpretations and applications were given to this kind of urban instrument. This research presents some experiences that occurred in São Paulo, specifically in the case of the Água Branca Urban Operation [Operação Urbana], aproved by Law nº 11.774, from May 18, 1995. The Água Branca Urban Operation documents the local changes throughout the different phases and periods of the Brazilian national context, and the transformation processes enabled as a result of the Government actions and Private Sectors interests. After 2001, the approval of the São Paulo Statute [Estatuto da Cidade], by the Federal Law 10.257, and the reviewing of the Sao Paulo Strategic Master Plan [PDE São Paulo 2002-2012], confirmed that this kind of instrument is a mechanism of urban spaces management. These facts provided the bases of a new direction of this urban policy and of the Água Branca Urban Operation, and further transformations in this area of the city. This paper reflections concerns to the transformations enabled by the alternative applications of this instrument.
A Operação Urbana constitui um instrumento urbanístico que visa a promover a requalificação de locais definidos pelo Poder Público como estratégicos para a cidade. Na cidade de São Paulo, sua origem remonta às experiências do final da década de 1980, quando das Operações Urbanas contempladas no Plano Diretor elaborado em 1985. Desde aquela década várias interpretações e aplicações foram dadas a esse instrumento. Este trabalho apresenta parte dos percursos vivenciados na cidade de São Paulo, por meio do caso específico da Operação Urbana Água Branca, instituída pela Lei nº 11.774 de 1995, verificando a relação que se estabeleceu em suas diferentes fases. São abordados os processos de transformação possibilitados pela utilização do instrumento, relacionando-se as ações do Poder Público e o foco dos interesses do Setor Privado. A reafirmação deste instrumento como mecanismo de gestão dos espaços urbanos constitui-se após 2001, com a introdução do Estatuto da Cidade, Lei Federal nº 10.257, e da Revisão do Plano Diretor Estratégico do Município de São Paulo em 2002. Esses fatos fundamentaram uma reorientação na política urbana e refletiram-se especialmente em novo direcionamento da Operação Urbana Água Branca, o que tem possibilitado transformações nessa área da cidade, aqui apresentadas como estudo de caso para identificação de parte das transformações constituídas por meio da utilização desse instrumento.

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Saragoça, Julia Zanella. "A provisão habitacional nas operações urbanas: um estudo de caso da operação urbana Água Espraiada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16137/tde-16022017-101156/.

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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o impacto da utilização instrumento das Operações Urbanas, como forma alternativa para captação de recursos pelo poder público através da atividade do setor imobiliário para implementar melhorias sociais e ambientais na cidade de São Paulo, em especial no que se refere a provisão habitacional às famílias diretamente atingidas pela Operação Urbana, através do estudo de caso da Operação Urbana Água Espraiada no período de 2001 a 2015. O trabalho pretende estudar elementos determinantes para a formação instrumento Operações Urbanas Consorciadas, até sua consolidação como instrumento de política nacional de desenvolvimento urbano no Estatuto da Cidade e quais os impactos gerados na cidade a partir de sua aplicação, com foco na implantação de habitação de interesse social. Para tanto, fazemos um pequeno histórico sobre a aplicação deste instrumento na cidade de São Paulo, enfocando especialmente a Operação Urbana Água Espraiada, destacando os principais momentos que marcaram sua trajetória, buscando explicitar os resultados alcançados pela provisão habitacional desta operação. Tais resultados são analisados em termos de eficiência na utilização de verbas públicas, eficácia no alcance das metas e cumprimento de prazos e efetividade da política pública no enfrentamento do problema habitacional. Apesar da alta qualidade arquitetônica dos poucos edifícios produzidos, os resultados apontam para um efeito pouco expressivo sobre o problema habitacional às margens do córrego Águas Espraiadas, que ao invés de diminuir, acabou aumentando ao longo do período de vigência da operação, além de remeter a necessidade de priorizar a aplicação dos recursos em obras que atendam o interesse público e de criação de mecanismos que garantam a permanência da população de baixa renda frente à valorização imobiliária da região.
The present study aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of the Urban Operation Consortium, as an alternative of fundraising by the Government through the construction sector activity to implement social and environmental improvements in São Paulo, particularly the effectiveness of housing provision to the families directly affected by the Urban Operation, through the case study of the Água Espraiada Urban Operation Consortium in the period between 2001-2015. The work intends to study the main elements of the Urban Operation Consortium, until its consolidation as an instrument of national policy of urban development in the City´s Statute, and what were the impacts generated in the city by its implementation, focusing on the construction of social housing. Having that in mind, we intend to recover some of the history of the application of this instrument in the city of São Paulo, focusing especially on the Água Espraiada Urban Operation highlighting its key moments, and the achievements of the social housing provision. These results were analyzed in terms of efficiency in the use of public funds, effectiveness in achieving the goals in time and effectiveness of public policy in facing the housing problem presented. Despite the high architectural quality of the buildings produced, the results point to a very little significant effect in solving the housing problem on the banks of the Água Espraiada stream, which actually increased instead of decreasing, throughout the duration of the urban operation. In addition, the results refer to the need to prioritize the application of resources in investments that attend to the public interest and to the creation of mechanisms to ensure the permanence of the low- income population against the real estate valuation in the region.

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Barber, Austin Ralph Gray. "Inter-city co-operation and competition : the role of transnational urban networking in the European entrepreneurial city." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633070.

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This thesis investigates an apparent paradox in contemporary urban policy in large European cities: the rise of transnational co-operation between city administrations at the same time as they engage in urban entrepreneurialism - the pursuit of growth policies driven by the perceived imperative of inter city competition. The thesis explores this development in two ways. First, by examining how and why this co-operation is undertaken in major cities, and the factors that shape this involvement. Second, by exploring the implications for wider relations between European cities and particularly the dynamics of urban competition at the transnational scale. These questions are approached through a multi-disciplinary framework that adopts a city-based perspective and is applied through a comparative case study analysis of Munich, Lille and Birmingham. The evidence highlights the important role that national contexts, local political cultures, economic circumstances and spatial considerations play in influencing the form and rationale of co-operation undertaken in these cities. It is evident that cooperation as adopted by city administrations does support entrepreneurial strategies and policies that are underpinned by competitive motivations. However, the nature of this support suggests that it is contributing to a more sustainable, less destructive form of urban competition. It is argued that co-operation can be seen as part of a collective ambition to "grow the market" for major cities in term of economic and related terms. In some respects, this may be associated with new dimensions of territorial competition between large cities and other types of places in Europe. Overall, the research suggests that relations between Europe's major cities, including inter-city competition, are more complex than is often portrayed, and that this is reflected in aspects of urban policy in these places. The thesis findings point to future avenues of research linking the territorial development of the European Union, transnational urban relations and the direction and form of urban policy undertaken by decision-makers in Europe's large cities.

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Knops, Geraldine Jane Augustine. "Impact of chemical shock loads on a membrane bioreactor for urban wastewater reuse." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/5549.

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The performance of an MBR under chemical shock loading conditions was investigated, to ascertain the robustness of the treatment system for urban water reuse. 32 household products and industrial substances, likely to be found in urban wastewater were assessed for toxicity, using Microtox and respirometry to obtain EC50 values. Six of these toxins were dosed into bench scale porous pots to observe any detrimental effects on the treatment system, in terms of effluent quality and potential foulant release. Four toxins were dosed into a pilot scale MBR to observe the effects of scale and enhanced biomass retention on the perturbations seen at bench scale. Mitigation of the foulants observed was investigated by the addition of ancillary chemicals. 10 household products and 6 industrial products were identified as being of risk to a biological treatment system with EC50 concentrations of the order that could be present in urban wastewater. 2 of the 6 toxins dosed into the porous pots caused a serious impact on the system reducing COD removal rates to 45%, compared with 92% average for the control pots, and increasing SMP turbidity to 11 NTU. 1 of the 4 toxins dosed into the MBR caused an impact, although less than observed in the porous pots, with the COD removal rate reducing to 77% and SMP turbidity increasing to a maximum of 9 NTU. Jar tests carried out to investigate mitigation potential of SMP turbidity found the cationic polymers MPE50 and high molecular weight polyDADMAC most efficient with reductions of SMP turbidity to <1 NTU possible although the toxins increased the dose necessary to achieve this.

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Callegaro, Claudete Gebara José. "Operação urbana consorciada Água Espraiada: Um olhar sobre a distribuição da chuva na fonte." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2014. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/372.

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There are many centuries that the rain, in the city, is not understood as life ; it incorporates road and health infrastructure, confined to gutters, manholes, underground galleries, returning to people perception like floods. Nowadays, the understanding about eco-systemic relationships brings new models for managing urban storm water, in the way of bioclimatic architecture, designing with nature, with contemporary principles of environmental comfort in the cities, i. e., sustainable urban development. The speech is ready; how to transfer theory into practice is one of the objectives of this work. Some places in the world have adopted this paradigm and developed methodology for public and private actions, according to a model called the green infrastructure system. Professionals in individual works also believe in that path, contributing with creative design, showing the model potential. By this principle, every place has its unique design, according to its physical territory and the cultural characteristics of its society. Considering that joint urban operations are the most advanced in urban policy for development, in Brazil, do they incorporate the urban sustainability principles brought by the green infrastructure model? That is what will be analyzed, in reference to the Água Espraiada Joint Urban Operation, in São Paulo.
A chuva, nas cidades, deixou por muitos séculos de ser entendida como vida e passou a incorporar a infraestrutura viária e sanitária, confinada a sarjetas, bueiros, galerias subterrâneas, retornando à percepção da população sob a forma de enchentes. Com a compreensão que se tem hoje sobre as relações ecológico-sistêmicas, novos modelos de gestão das águas pluviais urbanas surgem, consonantes com a arquitetura bioclimática, com a linha de pensamento de desenho com a natureza, com os preceitos contemporâneos do conforto ambiental nas cidades, ou seja, do desenvolvimento urbano sustentável. O discurso está pronto; como transferir a teoria para a prática é um dos objetivos deste trabalho. Alguns lugares no mundo já adotam tais paradigmas e vêm desenvolvendo metodologia para ações públicas e privadas, segundo um modelo denominado sistema de infraestrutura verde. Profissionais em obras individuais também apostam nesse caminho, contribuindo com projetos criativos, mostrando o potencial do modelo. Por esse princípio, cada lugar tem seu projeto único, seja pelas condições físicas de seu território, seja pelas características culturais de sua sociedade. Considerando-se que as operações urbanas consorciadas são o instrumento mais avançado como política urbana em prol do desenvolvimento, no Brasil, até que ponto elas incorporam os preceitos de sustentabilidade urbana trazidos pelo modelo de infraestrutura verde? É o que se analisará, tomando como referência a Operação Urbana Consorciada Água Espraiada, em São Paulo.

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Muinamia, Eva Wanjiru. "Comparative study of urban and rural operation and maintenance practices of water distribution systems at Kai !Garib Municipality." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20066.

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The South African Government has invested heavily in the provision of water to its citizens. These efforts are however futile if appropriate operation and maintenance (O&M) plans are not put in place to ensure sustainability of the infrastructure. The operation and maintenance requirements of rural areas differ from those of urban areas due to differences in demand patterns, lengths of mains and consumer densities. This study investigated O&M practices in both rural and urban areas in the Kai !Garib local municipality. The study applied selected performance indicators from the International Water Association and the Regulatory Performance Measurement System (Department of Water Affairs) to evaluate and compare the performances of the selected rural and urban systems. The study also used questionnaires administered to the technical personnel in the municipality to attain more detailed information on the O&M practices. It was found that the urban areas had more varied O&M practices. The urban systems were also found to have more resources and personnel dedicated to O&M than the rural systems.

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Casper-Futterman, Evan. "The Operation was Successful but the Patient Died: The Politics of Crisis and Homelessness in Post-Katrina New Orleans." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1368.

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On July 4th, 2007, a small group of housing activists set up a tent city encampment in a plaza adjacent to New Orleans City Hall. The action resulted in the creation of Homeless Pride, a small group of politicized Plaza residents. Six months later, hundreds of homeless people were moved from the park, and it was fenced off. Using archival videos, interviews, and news media, this thesis analyzes the opportunities and constraints that activists, service providers, and local officials faced in light of two intersecting and overlapping contexts. The first context is the immediate crisis of the levee failures after Hurricane Katrina, and the second is the longer-term national political-economic context of “neoliberal urbanism”. Because of dire short-term circumstances, Homeless Pride articulated a message of homelessness as a “crisis” even though they had larger structural goals and vision. In light of recent “Occupy” movements, this case study addresses crucial questions for organizers and policymakers attempting to combat poverty and wealth inequality.

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Liljeblad, Hanna. "Kombinerad bekämpning i strid i bebyggelse." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-5506.

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Even though battles have been fought in built-up areas for a long time, there have not been any specific theories connected to it. As the world becomes increasingly urbanized, the problem of not having any complete theories with which to analyze military operations in urban terrain becomes bigger. This essay aims to contribute to the field of military theory by investigating if Robert Leonhard’s theory of combined arms can be used in analyzing such operations and to be able to explaining the outcome of them. The main question posed in this essay is; to what extent can Leonhard’s theory explain the outcome of military operations in urban terrain? The method used to answer this question is a comparative method formed as a case study of two military operations in urban terrain, Operation Vigilant Resolve and Operation Phantom Fury, which both took place in Fallujah during the Iraq war 2004. The intention is to test Leonhard’s theory in both cases by assigning the theory several indicators, which are tested in each case. The result shows that the indicators appeared almost equally in both cases, even though one of the operations was said to be a success and the other a failure. However during the occasions when the coalition force used combined arms, both operations achieved military effectiveness. The conclusion is that Leonhard’s theory of combined arms cannot be used to explain the outcome of military operations in urban terrain. The theory has not been verified and strengthened by empirical evidence, but weakened, which is the opposite of what should have been the result. Combined arms-theory cannot be used to assimilate lessons learned from military operations in urban terrain.

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Blomley, N. K. "Retail law at the urban and national levels : Geographical aspects of the operation and possible amendment of the Shops Act (1950)." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373823.

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Teixeira, Clayton Erik. "Normatização e uso do território na metrópole paulistana: o caso da Operação Urbana Consorciada Água Branca." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-18032015-124630/.

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O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a implantação da Operação Urbana Consorciada Água Branca, localizada no distrito da Barra Funda, bem como a produção da lei que a regulamenta. Observou-se em campo e em pesquisas a órgãos ligados à Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo que houve o direcionamento de recursos públicos para o fomento de atividades econômicas em detrimento de demandas sociais na área de estudo. Nossas categorias de análise foram o território usado e a norma, que utilizamos para compreender a construção de uma lei que visa à transformação dos usos do território de passado industrial e que agora incidem propostas de adensamento habitacional e de uso comercial. A produção normativa contou com a participação da sociedade civil, com destaque aos moradores da região e dos promotores imobiliários, mediados pelo Poder Público municipal, caracterizando, assim, um caso de pluralismo jurídico. Por meio das audiências públicas e de entrevistas realizadas com os vereadores, representantes dos moradores da área de estudo e do mercado imobiliário, verificou-se a conflituosa relação entre os diferentes setores da sociedade civil. Desta forma, a norma jurídica, criada em 2013, reflete os desejos e necessidades do uso do território do período atual no município de São Paulo evidenciando as práticas sociais vigentes e as especificidades do distrito da Barra Funda
The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the implementation of the Joint Urban Operation Agua Branca, located in the Barra Funda district; as well as the creation of the law that governs it. It was observed in the field and research, in this area of study, which was done with bodies linked to the Municipality of São Paulo that public resources were directed to the promotion of economic activities to the detriment of social demands. Our categories of analysis were: the used territory, and the standard, and were used to understand and help in the creation of a law aimed at the transformation of the use of the territory of an industrial past which is now proposed for housing and commercial use. The normative creation also took into consideration the participation of civil society, especially local residents and property developers, mediated by the municipal government, thus characterizing a case of legal pluralism. Through public hearings and interviews with councilors, representatives of the residents of the studied area and the real estate market, it was verified a conflicting relationship between the different sectors of civil society. Thus, the normative (rule of law), created in 2013 , reflects the desires and needs of the use of the territory of the current period (nowadays) São Paulo highlighting current social practices and the specifics of the Barra Funda district

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Levin, Alexandre. "Operação urbana consorciada: concertação público-privada para a justa distribuição dos benefícios decorrentes da atividade urbanística." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6521.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Levin.pdf: 1950884 bytes, checksum: fa2a64b069164fa0f3e3dc4e9f12ebc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-20
The Brazilian constitutional system imposes upon the State the responsibility for organizing living spaces in search of the full development of the social functions of the city. In order to perform such task, the Government has at its disposal a number of legal, usable instruments according to the type of intervention in the urban space that it is willing to carry out. Among these instruments, there is the syndicated urban operation, under Law 10.257/2001 (articles 32 to 34 ) self entitled City Statute . This is a typical institute of concerted planning, a method of organization of urban fabric characterized by partnership between government and private enterprise. It turns out that the implementation of syndicated urban operation performed by some Brazilian municipalities has been the subject of severe criticism from lawyers and planners. It is claimed that the result of the operations is only favorable to the real estate market and that the modification of occupancy rates ultimately contributes to the already excessive verticalization of large Brazilian cities. Results like these are contrary to the legal principles that guide urban policy, in special the ones displayed in the Federal Constitution (article 182) and Federal Law No. 10.257/2001 (article 2). This inconsistency makes the process of implementing the syndication an illegitimate action. However, the negative experiences on the application of this statute should not preclude its use in favor of urban structural improvement and to make the best of environment. This research seeks to demonstrate that the system of rules (rules and principles) of urban law is made up so as to avoid the application of distorted urban instruments in general and the syndicated operation in particular. If applied in accordance with the principles of urban law, concerted action can achieve its dual goal: to promote the reform of the living spaces and avoid the use of public funds in urban operations
A ordem constitucional brasileira impõe ao Estado a função de organizar os espaços habitáveis, em busca do pleno desenvolvimento das funções sociais da cidade. Para se desincumbir desse dever, o Poder Público tem ao seu dispor uma série de instrumentos jurídicos, utilizáveis de acordo com o tipo de intervenção no espaço urbano que se quer realizar. Dentre tais instrumentos, destaca-se a operação urbana consorciada, prevista na Lei 10.257/2001 (arts.32 a 34), autointitulada Estatuto da Cidade. Trata-se de um instituto típico do urbanismo concertado, método de organização do tecido urbano caracterizado pela parceria entre o Poder Público e a iniciativa privada. Ocorre que a aplicação da operação urbana consorciada por parte dos Municípios brasileiros que utilizam o instrumento tem sido objeto de críticas severas por parte de juristas e urbanistas. Alega-se que o resultado das operações é favorável apenas ao mercado imobiliário, e que a alteração dos índices de ocupação acaba por contribuir para a já excessiva verticalização das grandes cidades brasileiras. Resultados como esses são contrários aos princípios jurídicos que norteiam a política urbana, estampados, em especial, na Constituição Federal (art.182) e na Lei Federal nº10.257/2001 (art.2º). Tal dissonância torna o processo de implantação da ação consorciada ilegítimo. Todavia, as experiências práticas negativas de utilização do instituto não devem impedir a sua utilização em prol da melhoria urbanística estrutural e da valorização ambiental. A presente pesquisa procura demonstrar que o sistema de normas (regras e princípios) do direito urbano é construído de forma a evitar a aplicação desvirtuada dos instrumentos urbanísticos em geral e da operação consorciada em particular. Desde que aplicada em consonância com as normas principiológicas do direito urbano, a ação concertada pode atingir o seu duplo objetivo: promover a reforma dos espaços habitáveis e evitar o uso de recursos públicos na atividade urbanística

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Mothersill, Carol L. "Impact of sediment accumulation and biofilm growth on the operation of submerged aerobic biological filters for the remediation of urban stormwater runoff." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22366.pdf.

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Jesus, Ligia Pinheiro de. "As operações urbanas na cidade de São Paulo: as normas na produção da metrópole corporativa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-02072014-125910/.

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Esta dissertação busca analisar o processo de produção da metrópole a partir de desdobramentos do uso da norma de regulação do espaço urbano denominada operação urbana. A operação urbana é um instrumento urbanístico de parceria público-privada, regulamentado pelo Estatuto da Cidade em 2001, cujas primeiras formulações remontam à década de 1980. O objetivo principal desse instrumento é alcançar transformações em áreas definidas pelo plano diretor da cidade com base em intervenções previstas em lei específica, viabilizadas por recursos privados derivados da cobrança de contrapartida financeira que possibilita exceções à legislação de uso e ocupação do solo. Ao longo da pesquisa, analisamos o histórico de formulação do conceito da operação urbana, seus mecanismos de funcionamento, as correlações espaciais que resultam da análise do conjunto das operações urbanas em andamento na cidade de São Paulo e seus desdobramentos futuros a partir da investigação das operações urbanas da orla ferroviária, atualmente em processo de elaboração de suas leis específicas. O objetivo é discutir em que medida as normas referentes às operações urbanas participam do processo de produção e transformação do espaço geográfico, tendo em vista que se trata de um instrumento do planejamento urbano que, em São Paulo, contempla quase 25% da área urbanizada do município.
This essay aims to analyze the metropolis production process from the application unfoldings of the urban space regulation entitled urban operation. The urban operation is an urban instrument of public-private partnership regulated by the City Statute in 2001, which had its first formulations around the 1980s. The main objective of this instrument is to achieve transformations in areas defined by the citys master plan, based on interventions provided by specific legislation, enabled through private funding attained from charging financial compensations, upon exceptions within the legislation for use and occupation of land. Throughout this study, we analyzed the urban operation concepts historical formulation, its operating mechanisms, the resulting spatial inter-relations revealed in the analysis of all ongoing urban operations in the city of Sao Paulo, as well as the future developments concerning the investigation of the urban operations along the railway margins, currently amongst the development of their specific legislation. The aim is to discuss to what extent urban operations regulations take part in the processes of production and modification of geographic space, given that it is an urban planning instrument that accounts for almost 25% of Sao Paulos urbanized area.

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Magalhães, Tais Rodrigues Pereira. "Campos de disputa e gestão do espaço urbano: o caso da \'cracolândia\' paulistana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-22082016-121815/.

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A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo reconstruir os acontecimentos em torno da Operação Integrada Centro Legal (mais conhecida como Operação Sufoco), deflagrada na região central de São Paulo conhecida como cracolândia, em janeiro de 2012. Trata-se de uma intervenção policial que parece evidenciar o que todo um campo de pesquisas vem flagrando em outras cidades do Brasil e do mundo como uma lógica securitária nas formas de gestão e produção do espaço urbano. Além disso, dentro do contexto da cracolândia, essa operação pode ser tida como um ponto de virada na forma como o Estado intervém atualmente nesse território, que passou a ser foco de políticas das três esferas de governo nos últimos três anos. A hipótese que orienta a análise da operação, seus efeitos e a configuração atual da região da cracolândia é a de que as inovações nas formas de gerir esse território observadas recentemente podem ser entendidas tendo como referência as limitações e resistências geradas pelos campos de disputa que surgiram em torno desta ação policial. A partir da análise da atuação judicial de defensores e promotores públicos com vistas a fazer cessar a operação na região, são apresentados neste trabalho alguns dos conflitos e disputas que se processaram em torno da \"cracolândia\" e das formas de gerir esse espaço, por exemplo, sobre qual o papel que as forças repressivas deveriam ter (ou não) no trato da questão do crack, o embate entre o direito de ir, vir e permanecer dos usuários de cracke o direito à segurança, e as disputas entre diferentes saberes médicos sobre as formas de tratamento de usuários e dependentes químicos. Nesse sentido, a cracolândia, a Operação Sufoco e toda a reconfiguração que ela engendrou nesse território foram escolhidos como cenas privilegiadas para observar as conflituosidades que esse tipo de intervenção securitária engendra e como tais disputas influenciam na dinâmica reconfiguração dos dispositivos de controle que visam garantir a ordem nesse espaço urbano.
This research aims to reconstruct the events around the \"Operação Integrada Centro Legal\" (known as Operation Suffocation), deflagrated in the central region of São Paulocityknown as \"crackland\" in January 2012. This is a policeintervention thatseems to evidencewhatawhole field of research is capturingin other cities in Brazil and in the world as a security-logic in the forms of managing and producing urban space. In addition, within the context of \"crackland\", this operation can be seen as a turning point in the way the state currently intervenes in that territory, which became the focus of policies of the three levels of government in the last three years. The hypothesis that guides the analysis of this intervention, its effects and the current setting of \"crackland\" region is that innovations in ways of managing this territory recently observed can be understood with reference to the limitations and resistance generated by the fields of dispute that emerged around this police operation. From the analysis of the judicial action of public defenders and prosecutors in order to end the operation in the region, some of the conflicts and disputes about \"crackland\" and ways to manage this spaceare presented in this work, e.g on what role the repressive forces should (or should not) have at the crackissue, the battlebetween thecrackusers\'right to go, come and stay versusthe right to security, and disputes between different medical knowledge on ways to treat users and addicts. In this sense, \"crackland\", \"Operation Suffocation\" and all reconfiguration itengendered in that territory were chosen as privileged scenes to observe the conflictsthat this type of security-intervention engenders and how these disputes influencein the dynamic reconfiguration of control devices that aim to ensure order in this urban space.

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Duff-Riddell, W. R. (Wayne Russell). "A computerised decision support system for the implementation of strategic logistics management optimisation principles in the planning and operation of integrated urban public transport." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52067.

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Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Public and private transport system planning and operation have tended to be fragmented functions. In particular, public transport is often planned and operated independently of the "private" transport system. South African government policy now requires that comprehensive, strategic transport plans be prepared by metropolitan transport authorities. These plans are expected to conform to national strategic objectives as well as including local current and longterm objectives. This planning is required in the environment of a multi-modal, multi-operator, public-private partnership scenario that is new for most of the role players. The lack of experience is accompanied by a lack of any existing model for dealing with this scenario. This dissertation describes such a model. The model is based on the principles of strategic logistics management commonly employed in commerce and industry, including service-oriented industries. The modelling process is thus based on achieving a combination of customer service and long-term objectives. The model comprises a number of separate components and steps: • A transport network model (Emme/2). ~ A multi-class, generalised-cost assignment of private and public transport demand onto a network, modified to be modeless to the public transport users, is performed. This assignment allows for the imposition of generalised-cost reflecting urban-planning objectives in addition to more conventional costs such as travel cost. In this assignment, the interaction of public and private transport is accounted for and results in an associated modal choice. ~ A series of single-class generalised-cost assignments is then used to "focus" public transport demand to create corridors of demand adequate to justify public transport routes. This process can be enhanced to develop a design promoting switching from private to public transport. It also allows for multi-period route design. ~ The results of this modelling process are output to a text file and then subject to the processes described below. The results of these processes are then input into the network model where a standard transit assignment is performed and used to modify the proposed lines and update the network design data with respect to boardings and alightings at nodes. This information is used to design fixed infrastructure. • A Microsoft Access database and route extraction program. );> The network model data is drawn into the database where it is subject to a route extraction program that converts the assignment results from the network model into a set of mode specific potential public transport route definitions. These route definitions are based on paths of maximum demand. The extraction process is controlled by parameters specified by the planner, such as minimum route lengths and the demand level for various categories of service. );> After route extraction, vehicle allocation, and transit assignment, the database provides details of the boardings and alightings and number and details of transit lines using each node and link in the network. This data is used to design fixed infrastructure. • A Microsoft Excel spreadsheet vehicle operating cost model. );> For each vehicle type, the operating cost given the anticipated vehicle mileage and operating speed is determined. This is used to guide the choice of vehicles for different routes. • A Lingo goal-programming model. );> The potential routes and the available or potential fleet are subjected to a goalprogramme in which the optimum choice of vehicle allocation is determined. The allocation parameters can be controlled by the planner. These parameters may include costs, energy, fuel consumption, and vehicle and route limitations amongst others. Multiperiod design is included in the modelling process so that the optimum design may be for the operating period, daily, or weekly cycle. The modelling process provides two main outputs: • A set of fully described and costed transit lines ill terms of both routing and vehicle allocation. These transit line definitions can be output to the level of driver instructions if necessary. • Details of the type and location of infrastructure to be provided on the network.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Openbare en private vervoerstelsel-beplanning en -bedryf IS geneig om gefragmenteerde funksies te wees. Dit is veral waarneembaar in die openbare vervoerstelsels waarvan die beplanning en bedryf onafhanklik van die "private" vervoerstelsels plaasvind. Die beleid van die Suid-Afrikaanse regering vereis dat omvattende strategiese vervoerplanne deur die metropolitaanse vervoer owerhede voorberei word. Daar word van hierdie planne verwag om aan die nasionale strategiese doelwitte, asook die plaaslike bestaande en langtermyn doelwitte te voldoen. Hierdie beplanning word vereis deur 'n omgewing wat nuut is vir die meeste rolspelers en bestaan uit multi-modale, multi-operateur en openbare-private vennootskap scenario's. Die tekort aan ondervinding gaan gepaard met 'n tekort aan 'n bestaande model wat gebruik kan word om hierdie scenario's te hanteer. So 'n model word deur hierdie verhandeling beskryf. Die model is gebasseer op die beginsels van strategiese logistieke bestuur wat algemeen gebruik word in die handel en industrie, insluitende die diens-georïenteerde industrieë. Die modelleringsproses wil dus 'n kombinasie van diens aan kliënte en langtermyn doelwitte bereik. Die model bestaan uit onderskeie komponente en stappe: • 'n Vervoernetwerkmodel (Emmel2) }i;> 'n Multi-klas, veralgemeende-koste toedeling van private en openbare vervoeraanvraag op 'n netwerk, aangepas om modusloos te wees vir die openbare vervoergebruiker, word uitgevoer. Hierdie toedeling laat nie net die heffing van meer konvensionele kostes, soos reiskoste toe nie, maar ook veralgemeende kostes wat staatsbeplarmingsdoelwitte reflekteer. In hierdie opdrag word die interaksie van openbare- en private vervoer ondersoek waarvan die uiteinde 'n geassosieerde modale keuse is. }i;> 'n Reeks enkelklas veralgemeende koste toedelings word dan gebruik om op openbare vervoeraanvraag te fokus en daardeur korridors van aanvraag, wat gepas is om openbare vervoerroetes te regverdig, te skep. Hierdie proses kan verfyn word om 'n plan te ontwikkel wat die verskuiwing van private vervoer na openbare vervoer sal bevorder. Dit laat ook die ontwerp van multi-periode roetes toe. }i;> Die resultate van hierdie modelleringsproses word uitgevoer na 'n tekslêer en dan aan die prosesse, wat hier onder beskryf word, onderwerp. Die resultate van hierdie prosesse word dan ingevoer in die netwerkmodel waar 'n standaard publieke vervoertoedeling uitgevoer word. Dit word dan gebruik om die voorgestelde roetes te wysig en die netwerk data, met betrekking tot die aantal persone wat op en af klim by nodes, op te dateer. Hierdie inligting word gebruik vir die ontwerp van infrastrukture. • 'n Microsoft Access databasis en roete-ontrekkingsprogram );> Die netwerkmodel data word in die databasis ingetrek waar dit aan 'n roeteontrekkingsprogram onderwerp word. Hierdie program skakel die toedelingsresultate van die netwerkmodel om na 'n stel potensiële modus spesifieke openbare vervoerroete definisies. Hierdie roete definisies word gebasseer op paaie van maksimum aanvraag. Die ontrekkingsproses word deur parameters, soos minimum lengte van roetes en die vlak van aanvraag van verskeie kategorieë van diens, wat deur die beplanner gespesifiseer word, gekontroleer. );> Na die ontrekking van roetes, voertuigtoekenning en vervoertoedeling, voorsien die databasis besonderhede van die aantal persone wat op en af klim asook die aantal en details van vervoerroete wat elke node en skakel in die netwerk gebruik. Hierdie data word gebruik om infrastrukture te ontwerp. • 'n Microsoft Excel sigblad voertuig bedryfskoste model )i> Vir elke tipe voertuig word die bedryfskoste, volgens die verwagte afstand en spoed van die spesifieke voertuig, bepaal. Die resultate word gebruik om die keuse van voertuie vir verskillende roetes te bepaal. • 'n Lingo doelprogrameringsmodel );> Die potensiële roetes en die beskikbare of potensiële vloot word onderwerp aan 'n doelprogram waarin die optimum keuse van voertuigtoekenning bepaal word. Die toekenningsparameters kan deur die beplanner gekontroleer word. Die parameters kan onder andere kostes, energie, brandstofverbruik en voertuig- en roete beperkings, insluit. Multi-periode ontwerp is ingesluit in die modelleringsproses sodat die optimum ontwerp vir die bedryfsperiode, daaglikse of weeklikse siklusse, kan wees. Die modelleringsproses lewer twee hoofuitkomste: • 'n Stel volledig beskrywende en koste berekende vervoerroete wat, indien nodig, na die vlak van bestuurder instruksies, uitgevoer kan word. • Details van die tipe en plek van infrastruktuur wat benodig word deur die netwerk.

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Castro, Luiz Guilherme Rivera de. "Operações urbanas em São Paulo: interesse público ou construção especulativa do lugar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16131/tde-20092007-104947/.

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O instrumento das operações urbanas foi definido pela lei federal brasileira do Estatuto da Cidade como instrumento de política urbana que permite à administração pública municipal, através de parcerias com o setor privado, realizar transformações estruturais em setores territoriais definidos, com recursos provenientes do setor privado. Em São Paulo, as operações urbanas foram propostas como instrumento de planejamento urbano em projeto de plano diretor elaborado em 1985, iniciando-se a partir daí uma trajetória que incluiu diferentes interpretações e formas de aplicação. O trabalho aqui apresentado reconstitui essa trajetória desde as primeiras concepções do instrumento até o ano de 2000, ou seja, o período que compreende suas primeiras formulações e que antecede a promulgação do Estatuto da Cidade. Foram comparadas e analisadas as cinco operações urbanas formuladas nesse período, colocando-as em relação a três processos articulados: urbanização, imobiliário e institucional. Com fundamento nas análises realizadas, argumenta-se que as operações urbanas tal como foram desenvolvidas em São Paulo nesse período, subordinaram-se à lógica do empreendedorismo imobiliário, contribuindo para processos de construção especulativa do lugar. Para que as operações urbanas desempenhem papel ativo como instrumento de políticas públicas voltado para uma cidade mais justa e menos desigual será preciso alterar as próprias bases constitutivas e os processos operativos das parcerias público-privado, em sua concepção e em sua origem.
The urban operations legal instrument was defined by the Brazilian federal urban development law (Statute of the City ? Estatuto da Cidade) as an instrument of urban policy that allows the local public administration, through partnerships with the private sector to accomplish structural changes on specific urban areas. The urban operations were proposed in São Paulo as an instrument of urban planning in a master plan project of 1985, starting then a course that includes different interpretations and ways of application. This work reconstitutes this trajectory from the first formulations of the instrument till the year 2000, the period that comprises its early designs and that was before the Statute of the City promulgation. Five urban operations proposed in this period were analyzed and compared in connection with three articulated processes: urbanization, property and institutional. Based on the accomplished analyses, it is argued that the urban operations as they were developed in São Paulo during this period followed the rules of the real state entrepreneurship logic and in doing so contributed to the speculative construction of place process. In order that the urban operations have an active role as a public policy instrument to a more just city it will be necessary to change its own constitutive basis and the operative processes of public-private partnership in its conception and origin.

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KOLIMI, PRAGATHI REDDY. "IMPROVEMENTS OF DILEMMA ZONE OPERATION AT HIGH-SPEED INTERSECTIONS IN MIXED TRAFFIC CONDITIONS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1493849047813236.

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Rice, Ian C. "Urban operations." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1037.

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This thesis examines military performance in both urban and traditional non-urban environments. Cases used in this study are German operations on the Russian front, Israeli operations during the Yom Kippur War, and U.S. Marine operations in South Vietnam. This thesis establishes a framework for analysis consisting of six factors. These include environment, time, informational aspects of military operations, application of existing technology, intangible human factors, and the decisionmaking of both political and military leaders. Analysis of the three cases points to a number of common trends including, shortcomings when units enter in the urban environment. We note a lack of urban operations training, an increase in time to accomplish tasks, a resistance to operate at night, difficulty processing and communicating information, and micromanagement of city fighting by political and military leaders who typically refrain from such management during non-urban combat. Results of this study suggest a need to incorporate consideration of our six factors into current doctrine.
US Army (USA) author.

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Filho, Francisco Fernando Maciel. "Construção de ciclos de condução para estimativa de emissões veiculares para ônibus urbanos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3138/tde-22092014-112953/.

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O objetivo principal deste trabalho de pesquisa é desenvolver ciclos de condução para ônibus urbanos a partir de dados de campo, visando sua aplicação em metodologias de estimativa de emissões de poluentes. São apresentadas metodologias para a construção de ciclos de condução, com destaque para o procedimento que utiliza o conceito de VSP (Vehicle Specific Power), variável que apresenta forte correlação com emissões de poluentes. Assim, foram coletados dados da variação da velocidade ao longo do tempo em ônibus que realizam testes de durabilidade, percorrendo diariamente diferentes tipos de vias urbanas em um trajeto pré-determinado. Foram selecionados segmentos do trajeto que, agrupados, podem representar diferentes condições de operação para ônibus urbanos; em seguida, foram propostos ciclos de condução para estes segmentos escolhidos, nos períodos de pico e fora do pico. Foram estimadas as emissões dos principais poluentes para os ciclos de condução desenvolvidos. Os resultados mostram que as características das vias e as condições de tráfego desfavoráveis podem impactar diretamente na distribuição de VSP e, consequentemente, ocasionar emissões mais elevadas de poluentes.
The main objective of this research is to develop driving cycles for urban buses from experimental data, with the purpose of estimating pollutant emissions. The study presents different methodologies for the construction of driving cycles, with emphasis on a procedure that uses the VSP concept (Vehicle Specific Power), a variable with high correlation to pollutant emissions. Data from speed variation were collected from a bus performing urban endurance tests, driving through many types of urban roads on a predefined route. Segments from the entire route were selected to represent different operating conditions for buses, during peak and off-peak periods, for which several driving cycles were developed. Pollutant emissions were estimated for these cycles. The results show that road characteristics and adverse traffic conditions can impact directly on VSP distribution and therefore lead to higher pollutant emissions.

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Jonsson, Tova. "Kombinerade vapens förutsättningar i skilda miljöer." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9217.

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Different prerequisites for war exists and varies due to the terrain. Cities, mountains and covered terrain all creates their special conditions for the battle. The biggest difference in methods is found between the urban warfare and all the other ways of fighting in war. Combined arms constitutes the fundamentals of fighting a war, and organizing armed forces. But if the environment of the war is changing, the different prerequisites of combined arms need to change. The purpose of this study is to survey the distinguishing differences and prerequisites between the two kinds of environments, described in the invasion and fight in Rumaila oil field (2003) and Operation Phantom Fury (2004). By analyzing these cases, the purpose of this theory consuming case study is to explore and examine the use of combined arms in different environments during the Iraqi war in between 2003 and 2004. The analytical results reveal that the prerequisites before Operation Phantom Fury that made the operation successful was premonition to all the civilians in the city of Fallujah, the aggressive and massive use of indirect fire support, the reorganization of the divisions backbone, infantry, and finally the knowledge from earlier operations in Fallujah.

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Rothfeld, Raoul Leander [Verfasser], Constantinos [Akademischer Betreuer] Antoniou, Kay W. [Gutachter] Axhausen, and Constantinos [Gutachter] Antoniou. "Agent-based Modelling and Simulation of Urban Air Mobility Operation : An Evaluation of Travel Times and Transport Performance / Raoul Leander Rothfeld ; Gutachter: Kay W. Axhausen, Constantinos Antoniou ; Betreuer: Constantinos Antoniou." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1238374212/34.

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Silva, Caroline Rodrigues da. "A dinâmica de apropriação do espaço pelo capital: expropriação da terra pública como chave de interpretação do projeto Porto Maravilha." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7838.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Esta dissertação tem como tema o processo de expropriação da terra e de exploração da força de trabalho enquanto estratégia de acumulação de capital. Tomando por base a apropriação da dinâmica de produção do espaço e de (re)produção das relações sociais pelo circuito de valorização do capital, tem como objetivo analisar as particularidades do processo de monopolização da terra no espaço urbano a partir da implementação da Operação Urbana Consorciada do Porto, também conhecida como Porto Maravilha. Os resultados dessa pesquisa demonstram que, dada a forma como foi implementada e considerando a modelagem financeira que lhe dá sustentação, a Operação Urbana Consorciada do Porto é exemplo de uma das estratégias do capital para superar suas crises internas via apropriação do espaço. Sendo assim, consideramos que essa operação urbana reforça o processo civilizatório do capital que, neste caso, se realiza por meio da acumulação por espoliação, do ajuste espacial, do empreendedorismo urbano, do controle e monopolização da terra para obtenção de renda capitalizada, e do uso do fundo público para se consolidar.
The subject of this dissertation is the process of expropriation of land and of exploration of the manpower as a strategy of capital accumulation. Using the appropriation of the space production dynamics and the (re)production of the social relationships by the capital valorization circuit, this dissertation aims to analyze the particulars aspects of the land monopolization process of the urban space through the implementation of the Partnership Urban Operation of the Port (Operação Urbana Consorciada do Porto) also known as Porto Maravilha. The results of this search show that, in the way it was done and considering the financial modeling that gives its support, the Partnership Urban Operation of the Port (Operação Urbana Consorciada do Porto) is an example of one of the capitals strategies to overcome his internal crises by the space appropriation. Considers that the Urban Operation reinforces process of civilization of the capital that, in this case, became real by the accumulation by spoliation, of the space adjusts, urban entrepreneurship, and of control and monopolization of the land to obtain capitalized income and to use the public fund to consolidate itself.

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De, Magalhaes Claudio Soares. "Urban development, the development process and spatial change : a study of the agents, their functions, strategies and structures of operation in the development of office space in Sao Paulo, 1980-1994." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1328324/.

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Yuce, Elif Can. "An Assessment Of The Planning And Operational Performance Of The Bus Rapid Transit In Istanbul." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615683/index.pdf.

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In Turkey, the only city that currently operates BRT is Istanbul. There are researches that focus on different BRT systems in the world, yet there has not been a comprehensive, systematic and comparative evaluation of the BRT experience in Istanbul. There seems to be an urgent need to study this BRT investment, with a particular focus on planning, operation and ridership characteristics with a comparative approach. This thesis analyses the BRT corridor in Istanbul and answers the question whether Metrobü
s in Istanbul is a success or not. In order to understand the criteria for defining success, planning, operation and ridership characteristics are identified based on the previous literature and particularly the analysis of three best practice cases that currently operate BRT
these are Curitiba, Bogota and Mexico City. The study sets the criteria in planning, operation and ridership of BRT systems drawn by previous studies and answers by people who were involved in these projects. It compares the best practice cases and the Istanbul Metrobü
s
focusing on planning and operation characteristics and using primary indicators of performance and ridership. The study reveals strength and weaknesses of the Istanbul Metrobü
s in comparison to best practice BRT cases in the world. The findings provide lessons both for the future extensions of the BRT in Istanbul and for other cities that may consider implementing this transit technology.

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Fioravanti, Livia Maschio. "Do lugar às contradições espaciais: conflitos e estratégias a partir da Operação Urbana, Butantã-Vila Sônia, São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-14012014-124150/.

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O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é a compreensão do conflito entre as estratégias e os interesses que permearam a elaboração da Operação Urbana Butantã - Vila Sônia, na região oeste da metrópole de São Paulo, e as reivindicações e modos de apropriação dos grupos de moradores da área por ela abrangida. Parte-se da hipótese de que a diferenciação socioespacial, uma tendência decorrente da Operação Urbana independentemente de sua implantação, intensifica-se pelo conflito em torno dos antagônicos usos do lugar e pelas diferentes demandas e estratégias de luta que grupos de moradores de poderes aquisitivos distintos entre si apresentam diante das intervenções urbanísticas previstas pelos projetos de requalificação urbana. Estudamos a diferenciação socioespacial a partir de quatro lugares, três deles no perímetro da Operação Urbana. O estudo da Operação Urbana considerando esses lugares no Butantã nos permitiu apreender estratégias de classe em disputa pelo espaço, apontando a contradição entre uso e troca na produção do espaço urbano capitalista. Desvelamos de que modo o acesso à riqueza e à propriedade impõe limites à apropriação do espaço e resulta em necessidades e desejos diferenciados, seja em relação às intervenções então previstas pela Operação Urbana seja em relação à própria vida na cidade.
The main objective of this research is to understand the conflict between strategies and interest which underpinned Butanta-Vila Sonia urban operation located in the western zone of the metropolis of Sao Paulo as well as the residents claims and appropriation ways. The initial hypothesis states spatial differentiation a tendency which arises from urban operation regardless of its implementation is intensified by the conflict around the antagonic uses of place and by the different requests and confrontation strategies the residents of different classes use to face the interventions included in the urban requalification project. Sociospatial differentiation has been analyzed in four places three of them inside the urban operation perimeter. Studying the urban operation through these locations in Butanta allowed the grasping of class strategies when it comes to space dispute which demonstrated the contradiction between capitalist spatial production use and exchange. This work was able to reveal the fact that access to wealth and properties restrains spatial appropriation and results in different necessities and wishes, either when it comes to urban project interventions or life itself in the city.

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Anderson, Gregory K., and Ian C. Rice. "Urban operations: theory and cases." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/9842.

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This thesis examines military performance in both urban and traditional non-urban environments. Cases used in this study are German operations on the Russian front, Israeli operations during the Yom Kippur War, and U.S. Marine operations in South Vietnam. This thesis establishes a framework for analysis consisting of six factors. These include environment, time, informational aspects of military operations, application of existing technology, intangible human factors, and the decisionmaking of both political and military leaders. Analysis of the three cases points to a number of common trends including, shortcomings when units enter in the urban environment. We note a lack of urban operations training, an increase in time to accomplish tasks, a resistance to operate at night, difficulty processing and communicating information, and micromanagement of city fighting by political and military leaders who typically refrain from such management during non-urban combat. Results of this study suggest a need to incorporate consideration of our six factors into current doctrine.

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Anderson, Gregory K. Rice Ian C. "Urban operations : theory and cases /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FAnderson.pdf.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Urban operation'

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