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Schiller, Silvia de. "Sustainable urban form : environment and climate responsive design." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404746.
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Mabbitt, Richard. "Responsive townscape management : a morphological approach." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263993.
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Peker, Ender. "Provision of urban thermal comfort : a socio-technical approach to climate responsive urban design." Thesis, University of Reading, 2016. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/66475/.
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This research claims that urban design as a discipline has the potential to catalyse the production of more climate responsive urban living environments. This is now a goal for many governments who are looking for ways to tackle climate change. The research argues that a climate responsive design (CRD) approach, which originated in the field of architecture, can be scaled-up to wider urban scales in order to activate the catalysing power of urban design. Climate responsive urban design (CRUD) can help to reduce energy consumption for the provision of thermal comfort in different layers of urban life. However, its application calls for the integration of `technical knowledge(s)` (i.e. building form, street geometry, density) and `social knowledge(s)` (i.e. lifestyle, socio-cultural values) that are generated through everyday life experiences and socio-cultural relationships of local people. Adopting a socio-technical approach, the research was conducted in Mardin, Turkey, a city in the south east of the country and a candidate for the UNESCO World Heritage List. Part of the city (the ‘Old Town’) evidences a mode of urban development that has been developed over thousands of years in response to climatic conditions, people’s lifestyles and their socio-ecologic values. The research takes a comparative approach to explore the similarities and differences between the way(s) in which urban thermal comfort is evidenced and provided within the ‘Old Town’ heritage site and a contemporary (‘New Town’) development delivered by the Turkish government using a standardized design. Various techniques such as in-depth interviewing, technical measurements (i.e. temperature, humidity), street questionnaires, ethnographic observation, photographing and video-recording were used. The results present that the current urban development pattern fits neither local requirements nor respond sufficiently to climatic variations of the type seen in Mardin. The research elaborates this mismatch by highlighting the responsive design clues/traces from the vernacular (‘Old Town’) urban development pattern which offer more responsive environments for the provision of thermal comfort. The research shows that, in order to achieve truly sustainable urban development, there is a need to (re)define climate responsive urban design to better respond to local climatic characteristics and consider local people`s perceptions and comfort requirements under specific climatic conditions.
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Mukkamala, Beena R. "A new theory of urban design and responsive environments : a comparative study of two approaches to urban design." Kansas State University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/36076.
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Moreton, Leo. "Regionally responsive approaches to residential design in England." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2016. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/32570/.
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During the 20th Century, concern started to grow that the towns of England were losing their individual identity. This unease became most evident in the development of new houses. The aim of the study is therefore to produce a framework that encapsulates recommendations to assist in the development of regionally responsive houses. The research is located in England, and specifically in the market towns of the North East. This is because Northumberland is perceived as a remote county, and therefore strongly expressive of the region. Within the county, the market towns are centres of traditional lifestyles, and therefore places where regionalism is most likely to be found. The focus is on domestic architecture, as this is individuals’ most immediate and personal interaction with the built environment. An early part of the study was to investigate the concepts of regionalism and regional architecture. The history of regionalism has been a transition from local methods to increasingly standardised approaches to design. This has resulted in a loss of identity through the use of design strategies that are not context driven. It is a lack of focus on region that makes similar architectural responses ubiquitous. Without a concerted focus on specific places, the nuances of climate, culture, and materiality cannot be sufficiently explored. Although there has been significant research into variation of architectural response and material use, there is no overall picture of the significance of vernacular architecture. However, as these houses are historic by nature, questions emerge about their relevance and whether they are replicable. The neo-vernacular revival may be a response. The study confirms the widely-held belief that speculative housebuilders dominate the market for new homes in England. These housebuilders started to produce the same houses all over the country, with little challenge from development control. The response was residential design guides, which aim to preserve the unique qualities of the built environment that have contributed to the character of market towns. However, their consistent emphasis on the past, does not offer the basis for developing a framework that can deliver contemporary regionally-expressive domestic architecture. Thus, a fundamental appraisal of home was undertaken, as a means of unpacking positive interaction between people, place and building that can form a set of socio-cultural values. The purpose of the appraisal was to identify aspects that may contribute to regional identity. This was applied in terms of the development of market towns in England, and a system for the architectural analysis of their houses. Corbridge in Northumberland, was selected as a typical market town, and the system was employed to assess its houses. The outcomes were verified by similar analyses of schemes in three other market towns in the region. Residents in all four towns were interviewed to determine the factors that influenced their purchase of the houses. Architects, planners and house developers were also interviewed to determine their perspectives. All parts of the study contributed to the framework, which is organised in terms of historical context, geographical context and design considerations based on the architectural analysis.
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Findlay, Robert Allen. "Learning in community-based collaborative design studios : education for a reflective, responsive design practice." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363723.
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Evans, David. "Urban design qualities in the planning and development of small new settlements." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363722.
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Lavenir, Xavier Paul Lister. "The strategic design and environmental footprint of highly responsive urban distribution networks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127736.
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This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2019<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 103-107).<br>With the rise of the on-demand economy and the increasingly high service levels expected by consumers, companies are racing to provide shorter and shorter delivery lead times for e-commerce orders. Two-day deliveries have become the norm in dense urban areas and companies are developing highly responsive urban distribution networks capable of serving consumers in lead times as low as one hour. These changing consumer shopping habits are leading to more fragmented deliveries and increased urban freight activity as it becomes more difficult to consolidate orders. Increased urban freight activity is in-turn leading to more congestion, greenhouse gas emissions, and air pollution, harming city residents. In this work, we explore the strategic design of highly responsive urban distribution networks, promising lead times of under two hours, and investigate which operational and environmental parameters drive the deployment of different types of network designs.<br>We explore how adding extra levels of network flexibility, with the ability to physically relocate fulfilment capacities throughout the day using mobile inventory locations, affects the commercial and environmental performance of a network. Furthermore, we evaluate the environmental footprint of these networks by measuring their contribution to congestion and CO₂ and NO[subscript x] emissions, and contrast these with the environmental footprint of next-day delivery distribution networks. From a policy perspective, we investigate how the strategic design and performance of highly responsive networks are affected by an urban congestion charge policy and by different levels of government subsidy for last-mile logistics infrastructure. We optimize the design of these highly responsive networks using an iterative simulation-optimization approach which captures the stochastic and dynamic nature of the last-mile operations.<br>We conduct a case study with a global fashion company, where we design highly responsive distribution networks capable of serving the company's online customers in Manhattan, New York, in under two hours. We find that highly responsive orders tend to be much less sustainable than orders delivered the next-day, with a higher delivery cost and environmental footprint. However, highly responsive networks can be sustainable if designed under favourable operational conditions, such as enabling the consolidation of orders and using sustainable couriers such as bicycles.<br>by Xavier Paul Lister Lavenir.<br>S.M. in Technology and Policy<br>S.M.inTechnologyandPolicy Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society
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Abraham, Jose P. "Redesigning Kansas City's government district using the urban-design approach of responsive environments." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4117.
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Abraham, Jose P. "Redesigning Kansas City’s government district using the urban-design approach of responsive environments." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4117.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Architecture<br>David R. Seamon<br>This thesis presents a redesign of Kansas City’s downtown Government District, making use of the conceptual approach provided by Responsive Environments (1985), a manual for urban design written by architects Ian Bentley and Alan Alcock, urban designers Sue McGlynn and Graham Smith, and landscape architect Paul Murrain. “Responsive environments” are those urban places, the physical settings of which maximize usability and social value by offering a wide range of day-to-day user choices within close proximity. The authors of Responsive Environments identify seven hierarchical qualities—permeability, variety, legibility, robustness, visual appropriateness, richness, and personalization—that are said to be vital in creating responsive environments within the city.
Through a literature review and critique, chapters 1 and 2 of the thesis overview Responsive Environments in terms of several major theorists of urban place making, including urban theorist Bill Hillier (1984), urban critic Jane Jacobs (1961), and urban designer William Whyte (1980). In turn, chapters 3, 4, 5, and 6 investigate the practicability of Responsive Environments as an urban design approach by applying its three larger-scale qualities of permeability, variety, and legibility to the Government District, an existing urban area in downtown Kansas City, Missouri, presently underdeveloped in terms of environmental responsiveness and a strong sense of urban place. As a means to identify strengths and weaknesses of Responsive Environments, the last chapter of the thesis critiques the resulting Government District design. The thesis concludes that Responsive Environments is a valuable design approach that offers much for strengthening the quality of urban life and urban sustainability.
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譚智傑 and Chi-kit Andy Tam. "Transportation planning towards a responsive urban street environment in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980296.
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Mirhosseiniardakani, Homeiraalsadat, and Homeiraalsadat Mirhosseiniardakani. "Socio-environmental Framework for Integration of Thermal Mass Windcatchers with Lightweight Tensile Structures in Contemporary Hot-Arid Urban Context of Tehran." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623085.
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The integration of windcatchers in the urban context of hot-arid context of Tehran needs to address two changes in the current utilization: 1) high density context which makes it harder to access to sufficient airflow in the urban context, and 2) sociocultural shifts towards dependencies on modern mechanical air-conditioning systems. Windcatchers are unique tools existing in the hot-arid regions in the Middle East. Windcatcher uses thermal mass, evaporation techniques, and stack effect to deliver human comfort to the residents of the building. Vernacular windcatchers are useful for moderating the indoor air temperature. Yet, using natural ventilation techniques as passive strategies are outdated in recent decades and there are a couple of reasons for that such as maintenance difficulties, lack of urban air filtration methods, decline of cooling efficiency due to modified airflow patterns, habitable space utilization modifications, and dependencies on mechanical cooling systems. On the other hand, tensile structures have the potential to be considered as a tool to upgrade the windcatchers and use them in the modern urban context which will also help reducing energy and reviving local textile industry. This research tries to propose a method that emphasizes on the adaptability of windcatchers and tensile structures, inhabitant control, airflow control and reuse of heavy thermal mass. Also, the proposed model offers improvements for environmental performance of lightweight textiles, such as particulate matter filtration, kinetic energy transformation, and photoresponse for passive shading or natural daylighting strategies. The main goal of this research is to define the parameters required to enhance inhabitant adaptability with the windcatcher and also natural ventilation cooling system. In this research, important characteristics of Sangelaj neighborhood in Tehran are considered such as existing windcatcher dimensions, micro-climate conditions, and urban morphology. Then, different methods are proposed to develop the heat transfer and airflow analysis of the integration between windcatchers and tensile structures. The research suggests methods for adaptation of windcatchers in existing buildings of Tehran using tensile structures. It also proposes methods for the new buildings in the urban context of Sangelaj neighborhood in Tehran.
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Yuen, Kan-cheong Podi. "Moving concepts towards a meaningful reality : an inquiry into user-responsive innovation and visualization in urban design /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25797074.
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Chen, Wenzhe, and 陳聞喆. "Neighborhood scale and market-responsive urban design: a study of large-scale suburban private residentialdevelopments in the transitional economy in China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40987681.
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Chen, Wenzhe. "Neighborhood scale and market-responsive urban design a study of large-scale suburban private residential developments in the transitional economy in China /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40987681.
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Sanborn, Emma. "Integrating Climate Sensitive Design Principles in Municipal Processes : A Case Study of Edmonton’s Winter Patios." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-66182.
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This paper explores winter patios in Edmonton through the lens of place and climate sensitive design, then reflects upon the existing regulations that influence the design and management of winter patios in Edmonton. The City of Edmonton provides this research opportunity because it is currently pursuing the creation of a four-season patio culture in the city, and has created a strong WinterCity agenda. The introduction explores Edmonton’s local climate and its winter city strategy. This is followed by an explanation of the study’s methodology. The purpose of this thesis is to study how climate sensitive design principles can be applied to create places that attract winter activity. The research questions ask how climate sensitive design principles are currently incorporated in patios, what barriers exist to creating these spaces, and how to overcome these barriers in municipal processes. Many cities in cold climates seek ways to create vibrant, active cities through all seasons, and this study explores how climate sensitive planning principles can help create environments that invite winter activity. To answer the research question, a qualitative methodology was used to examine the case study of Edmonton winter patios using Eliasson’s (2007) concept of place and microclimate. The study identifies design weaknesses in Edmonton patios with little provision of shelter from wind, snow and rain, as well as limited consideration of snow storage and removal. Interviews and document review identify lack of interest and a lack of attention to the physical component of place as barriers to the creation of winter patios. Finally, the use of analytical tools such as urban climatic maps are suggested, as well as the introduction of microclimate standards so information about weather and microclimate can influence how physical components of place are planned and evaluated.
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Leung, Kam Shing. "Climate-responsive design for high-density tropical housing : the effect of urban morphology on the indoor thermal environment of high-density housing in the hot and humid climate." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609287.
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Zimmerli, Tanya. "Water | Desire: Design of a Responsible Urban Retreat in Georgetown, Washington, DC." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3027.
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The design of an urban retreat within an industrial building in Georgetown, DC provides an opportunity to experience water in the built environment. The location of the building between two bodies of water—the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Potomac River—creates an opportunity to connect water and the visitors. Management of the water to ensure responsible resource use was researched and accommodated in the design. Water is further used to shape the space and the moods created by the volumes, materials and finishes. The final project provides a luxurious shower and locker room, a series of pools, and a tea room, open to the sky, across three levels.
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Tatsuya, Shibata. "Subjective response to depicted urban space." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362424.
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Since the beginning of Japan's post-war boom her major cities, notably Tokyo, have developed with remarkable speed but relatively little pre-planning and control. So the consequent economic benefits have been accompanied by a level of visual disorder. Public and governmental opinion has therefore recently begun seeking development-control guidelines for improving the visual quality of the urban scene. Some Japanese researchers, building partly on the work of their us colleagues, have responded by trying to identify the most aesthetically significant aspects of the urban visual landscape. This thesis contributes to this search a particularly quantitative approach. It begins with a review of urban-design aesthetic theory concentrating on more recent "psychometric" investigation. It then describes and discusses the main method of the thesis: representation of urban scenes through video stills, computergenerated images, or photographs and the exposure to these representation of groups of sample subjects, and statistical analysis of the subjects' questionnaires responses. Special attention is paid to the reliability with which the aesthetic qualities of a given urban configuration can be generalised from 2-d "perspective" views of it, and to the relationship in subject responses between physical elements like buildings and trees and abstract characteristics like "openness", "enclosure", "age", or "expectant space". These procedures are applied to questionnaires completed by Japanese subjects regarding representations of various Tokyo street scenes, and by largely British subjects regarding contrasting "old" and "new" landscapes in the Hampstead and Milton Keynes areas. Initial investigations suggest that the elements of predominant subjective significance include the proportion of visible sky, the abundance of foliage. This thesis ends by suggesting aesthetic guidelines drawn from these results, considering spatial elements and roles of foliage, and discussing aesthetic assessment for development-control purposes.
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Suever, Andrea. "Untapped Potential: Creating a Hydrologically Responsible Urban Environment." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490699269373902.
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O'Connor, Zena. "Facade colour and aesthetic response: Examining patterns of response within the context of urban design and planning policy in Sydney." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4093.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>The overall aim of this research was to examine aesthetic response to façade colour. Drawing on a range of theories and studies from environment-behaviour studies (EBS), Nasar’s (1994) probabilistic model of aesthetic response to building attributes provided a theoretical framework within which to examine patterns of response. Prompted by the Development Control Plan for Sydney Regional Environmental Plan: Sydney Harbour Catchment (NSWDOP, 2005), this research also linked its aims and methods to planning policy in Sydney. The main research questions focussed on whether changes in aesthetic response are associated with variations in façade colour; and whether changes in judgements about building size, congruity and preference are associated with differences in façade colour. A quasi-experimental research design was used to examine patterns of aesthetic response. The independent variable was represented by four façade colours in two classifications. An existing process, environmental colour mapping, was augmented with digital technology and used to isolate, identify and manipulate the independent variable and for preparation of visual stimuli (Foote, 1983; Iijima, 1995; Lenclos, 1977; Porter, 1997). Façade colour classifications were created from extant colour theories (including those of Albers, 1963; Hard & Sivik, 2001 and Itten, 1961). The façade colour classifications were further developed using F-sort and Q-sort methodology (Amin, 2000; Miller, Wiley & Wolfe, 1986; Stephenson, 1953). Ten dependent variables, linked to overall aesthetic response, were drawn from studies relating to environmental evaluation, building congruity and preference (Groat, 1992; Janssens, 2001; Russell, 1988; Russell, 2003; Russell, Ward & Pratt, 1981; Wohlwill & Harris, 1980). The dependent variables were presented in the form of a semantic differential rating scale and a sample group of 288 evaluated the visual stimuli. The Latin-square technique was used for the controlled presentation of visual stimuli. Factor analysis, correlation analysis and analysis of variance were applied to the data. The findings indicate that variations in aesthetic response are associated with differences in façade colour. Judgements about building size varied by up to 5% and buildings featuring contrasting façade colours were judged to be larger and more dominant. Judgements about a building’s congruity varied by up to 13% and buildings that featured harmonious colours were considered to be more congruous. Preference varied and harmonious façade colours were not necessarily preferred over contrasting façade colours. The outcomes from this research suggest that a new approach to façade colour within the context of planning policy may be appropriate. A model of façade colour evaluation is presented and, unlike current planning guidelines, the model allows for a participatory approach to façade colour evaluation and specification. The model allows for factors that may influence aesthetic response to façade colour (such as contextual, perceptual and idiographic factors) as well as variation in architectural expression with respect to façade colour.
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O'Connor, Zena. "Façade colour and aesthetic response: Examining patterns of response within the context of urban design and planning policy in Sydney." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4093.
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The overall aim of this research was to examine aesthetic response to façade colour. Drawing on a range of theories and studies from environment-behaviour studies (EBS), Nasar’s (1994) probabilistic model of aesthetic response to building attributes provided a theoretical framework within which to examine patterns of response. Prompted by the Development Control Plan for Sydney Regional Environmental Plan: Sydney Harbour Catchment (NSWDOP, 2005), this research also linked its aims and methods to planning policy in Sydney. The main research questions focussed on whether changes in aesthetic response are associated with variations in façade colour; and whether changes in judgements about building size, congruity and preference are associated with differences in façade colour. A quasi-experimental research design was used to examine patterns of aesthetic response. The independent variable was represented by four façade colours in two classifications. An existing process, environmental colour mapping, was augmented with digital technology and used to isolate, identify and manipulate the independent variable and for preparation of visual stimuli (Foote, 1983; Iijima, 1995; Lenclos, 1977; Porter, 1997). Façade colour classifications were created from extant colour theories (including those of Albers, 1963; Hard & Sivik, 2001 and Itten, 1961). The façade colour classifications were further developed using F-sort and Q-sort methodology (Amin, 2000; Miller, Wiley & Wolfe, 1986; Stephenson, 1953). Ten dependent variables, linked to overall aesthetic response, were drawn from studies relating to environmental evaluation, building congruity and preference (Groat, 1992; Janssens, 2001; Russell, 1988; Russell, 2003; Russell, Ward & Pratt, 1981; Wohlwill & Harris, 1980). The dependent variables were presented in the form of a semantic differential rating scale and a sample group of 288 evaluated the visual stimuli. The Latin-square technique was used for the controlled presentation of visual stimuli. Factor analysis, correlation analysis and analysis of variance were applied to the data. The findings indicate that variations in aesthetic response are associated with differences in façade colour. Judgements about building size varied by up to 5% and buildings featuring contrasting façade colours were judged to be larger and more dominant. Judgements about a building’s congruity varied by up to 13% and buildings that featured harmonious colours were considered to be more congruous. Preference varied and harmonious façade colours were not necessarily preferred over contrasting façade colours. The outcomes from this research suggest that a new approach to façade colour within the context of planning policy may be appropriate. A model of façade colour evaluation is presented and, unlike current planning guidelines, the model allows for a participatory approach to façade colour evaluation and specification. The model allows for factors that may influence aesthetic response to façade colour (such as contextual, perceptual and idiographic factors) as well as variation in architectural expression with respect to façade colour.
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WALDRON, STEVEN. "NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN: RESPONSE TO MEGALOPOLIS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1116010734.
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Damon, Linley Cara. "Private sector role in community development: a case study on Martin & East (Pty) Ltd approach to "responsible business"." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25166.
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Given persistently high levels of poverty and inequality in South Africa and the government's apparent inability to meaningfully address these, the role of the private sector to provide additional interventions to assist in achieving social support through sustainable community development initiatives is imperative. The case study unpacks Martin & East (Pty) Ltd's (M&E's) approach to Responsible Business (RB). Winfield's (2015) argument for what RB is, lies within the unique contractual relationships that exist between the business enterprise and its stakeholders. It is within the identification of the business' relationships with various stakeholders and in particular, for the purpose of this research, the community as a stakeholder, that we realise the sphere of influence that the business has to possibly affect social change. In order to understand M&E's RB approach in a particular community the case study is further focused on the City of Cape Town project: 216Q/2014/15 Construction of Link Road (City of Cape Town, 2014) to establish the status quo and any opportunities for improvement which may exist. The dissertation draws on semi-structured interviews to understand the interaction of M&E with project stakeholders, identified as the Project Management Team (PMT) and the affected Community. The findings are interpreted through the goals of RB and Community Development (CD) established to evaluate the quality of the relationships created through the project. I argue that there is evidence of achieving these goals. However, the responsibility of CD still lies wholly with local government and the strategies that it puts in place by the setting of Community Participation Goals (CPGs) on its infrastructure projects. It is with regard to their strategy in achieving these CPGs where M&E's RB approach plays a significant role in truly achieving CD in the way that the PMT had intended. M&E's intrinsic values prompted its Project Team (PT) to engage in informal training, treat labour well and abide by contractual obligations as stipulated in the Contract Document governing their roles and responsibilities. Recommendations for M&E business practice include ensuring that the well thought through strategy for their internal community, through the implementation of the Isidima Trust and involvement in education programmes, is translated to the temporary community in which it often finds itself.
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Salamati, Ali Asghar. "Urban housing design in Iran in response to socio-cultural and environmental conditions." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20365.
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The purpose of this study was to formulate guidelines for urban housing design in Tehran based on the cultural norms of its residents and the city's environmental conditions. The initial cause of this study was the lack of a framework for the design and evaluation of new housing projects in Tehran and the aim was to investigate the suitability or otherwise of high-rise high-density housing forms for Iranian society. In order to achieve the main objectives of this thesis, a series of studies were undertaken. The theoretical background relating to the main issues of this research was reviewed and where possible related to Iranian culture and way of life. It is universally acknowledged that increasing the quality of the built environment will improve people's quality of life. In this regard general human needs and their interpretation in design terms are investigated. It is also known that environmental and ecological conditions have a direct impact on people's quality of life. Ignor ing environmental needs results in gradual destruction of the regional and global environment, which in turn undermines the quality of urban settlements. For this reason ecological and environmental issues related to sustainable urban living and development are analysed. In order to find out whether or not there are alternative settlement forms that could be more suitable for Iranian urban housing a number of recently developed urban settlement theories and projects are also investigated. The socio-economic background and housing conditions of Tehran were investigated. A questionnaire survey programme was developed to gather information on the degree of user satisfaction in four selected settlements in Tehran. The data collected was crosschecked with local observations and physical measurements of the areas. A detailed analysis of this data proved that there is a high degree of user satisfaction with dwellings, but about a third of the respondents were not satisfied with their neighbourhood. The study of human needs and environmental sustainability issues, in accordance with Iranian and Islamic culture, produces a list of housing demands on which the design of future housing in Tehran ought to be based. Based on the list of demands - the outcome of investigations on general human needs, Iranian Socio-cultural conditions, and the environmental ecological sustainability issues -a set of design guidelines for future housing in Iran are developed. Using a list of criteria - derived from the previously developed design guidelines - all the urban development projects in Tehran and the UK that were studied are compared and evaluated to determine their qualities and densities. Also investigated is the applicability in Tehran of the neighbourhood model, on which many recent British, American, and Australian development guidelines are based. From this comparison and evaluation, the thesis concludes that in order to achieve high density it is not necessary to resort to hi gh-rise forms as low-rise fortris, if applied consistently, can achieve similar densities on a more human scale. In response to Islamic culture and environmental sustainability issues it is necessary to have access to local services and facilities within walking distance. To support their viability within a neighbourhood, a threshold population is required; in the case of Tehran this does not seem to be a significant problem. The population should be evenly distributed in order to achieve a balanced urban environment. A balanced relationship between the built up area and the countryside is essential. The translation of these key issues would form the structure of a walkable neighbourhood. In order to achieve a high quality urban environment, housing design guidelines on a national level are required that can help the decision-making process as well as helping the relevant professionals in their work. The thesis concludes with a set of recommendations for the implementation of the design guidelines.
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Albín, Casanova Ana Paula, Castagnino Alexis Raúl Castañeda, Rojas Jessica Milagros Robles, and Saenz José Daniel Zegarra. "Propuesta de plan de negocio de una nueva marca de ropa en la categoría streetwear." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625867.
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El propósito del siguiente trabajo es evaluar la factibilidad y viabilidad de emprender un proyecto textil al cual denominaremos INSPIRE, estará centrado en el segmento de ropa urbana, sus atributos diferenciales serán: diseños únicos hechos por artistas locales, calidad del algodón peruano y el espíritu de ayudar a la sociedad. INSPIRE apunta a un segmento de consumidores que buscan una marca que los ayude a expresarse y al mismo tiempo vivir sus valores e intereses.
Se decidió abordar el tema, pues a nivel mundial, la moda urbana viene siendo tendencia desde hace más de 40 años y el Perú no es la excepción. Si bien en el país ya existen iniciativas en este segmento, la presente investigación prueba que, con un diseño impactante y que logre diferenciarse de las alternativas que se encuentran en el mercado, se puede lograr una posición y reconocimiento entre los seguidores de esta moda. Es importante mencionar también, que se escogió incursionar en el rubro textil por ser uno de los sectores de mayor dinamismo y crecimiento en los últimos años en el Perú.
Para lograrlo se utilizaron diversos tipos de herramientas que validarían la factibilidad de la idea, entre las cuales destacan: FODA, análisis PESTEL, análisis PORTER, Business Model Canvas, Value Proposition Canvas, la rueda de comunicación, mapa de valor, construcción de insights, construcción de superioridad relativa, entre otros.
Luego de analizar todos los factores de impacto en la creación de una nueva marca, podemos concluir que es viable y factible la creación de INSPIRE.<br>The purpose of the following work is to evaluate the feasibility of launching the textile brand INSPIRE into the Peruvian urban clothing segment. The brand will distinguish by the following differential attributes: unique designs made by local artists, high quality of Peruvian cotton and the social side of helping society in every purchase. INSPIRE aims to a segment of consumers who are looking for a brand that helps express themselves and at the same time share their same values and interests.
The topic selected, urban fashion, has been a global trend for more than 40 years and Peru is not the exception. Although there are already initiatives in the country, the present research proves that with a striking design the brand differs positively from the alternatives in the market. A position and recognition among followers of this fashion can be achieved. It is important to mention that the textile sector has had great dynamism and growth in recent years in Peru.
In order to accomplish this goal, several tools were used to validate the proposal: SWOT, PESTEL Analysis, PORTER Analysis, the Business Model Canvas, the Value Proposition Canvas, the Communication Wheel, Value Map, the Construction of Insights, the Construction of Relative Superiority, among others.
After analyzing all the factors involved in the creation of this new brand, we got to the conclusion that there is a potential market where INSPIRE would fit.
Keywords: Streetwear, urban clothing, Peruvian brand, design, inspire, responsible business plan.<br>Trabajo de investigación
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O'Connor, Zena. "Façade colour and aesthetic response examining patterns of response within the context of urban design and planning policy in Sydney /." Connect to full text, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4093.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2008.<br>Includes tables and questionnaire. Includes list of publications. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning. Title from title screen (viewed May 5, 2009) Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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HATCH, DANIEL AUGUSTIN. "EDUCATIONAL ARCHITECTURE: CATALYZING ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP THROUGH A PARTICIPATORY RELATIONSHIP WITH ECOLOGICALLY RESPONSIBLE DESIGN." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1148319485.
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Willittes, LeAnne M. "Dwelling in the Flame: An Architectural Response to Developing in Fire-prone Areas within the Wildland-urban Interface." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1554120505582884.
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Hacioglu, Cigdem. "Spatial Requirements Of Fire Stations In Urban Areas: A Case Study Of Ankara." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612761/index.pdf.
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Fires, with their sudden appearance and destructive character, cause property losses beside much more death and injury especially in cities. Providing fire safety is a multi-faceted context that is related with staff, vehicle, equipment, function, organization, technology, education and consciousness. These are related, indirectly, with spatial organization that is the other side of the issue: they affect space or they are affected from space. In research context, the fire stations are evaluated as a unit of emergency and land use element of urban space. By associating the concepts related to emergency management and to urban scale, the space-time relation is examined in urban areas. This research bases on the spatial deficiencies of fire stations in urban areas which are reasons of the fire losses. Level of laws and regulations in Turkey for spatial requirements are examined. Site selection and design criteria of fire stations are evaluated with available information about implications in Ankara case study. As a result of the interviews that have been made to top executive of fire station, it is found that process of site selection and design of fire stations is going on with subjective experiences in urban space. In conclusion of the research, it is displayed that the decisions about the site selection and design of the fire stations are related to not only population criterion, but also many issues in macro-meso-micro scales. It is considered that the set of multi-criteria that are reached in this regard will provide contribution in legal organization and developing the standards.
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Vogel, Markus. "Downtown response : 21 ways to look at the architectural context : a reference framework for architectural design shown at downtown Indianapolis." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1041806.
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This proposal is a catalogue of considerable contextual issues that inform the architect about values, environmental qualities, and principles, found within existing building structures of an American downtown. It is the intention of this collection to help the architect considering a broader range of ideas in a new single building to be designed, with the intent of improving foremost the public quality of a future building in the downtown.The main architectural questions embrace the definition of the contextual influences, dimensional and non-dimensional, and the clarification what type of influences remain under the control of the architect.It is my overall premise that buildings in downtown are indeed of "higher quality" when they reflect the surrounding rules, i.e., when the architects, clients and any other powerful participants of the building enterprise know about the additional ideas that have been established around the proposed site. The downtown is often the oldest part of a city where first housing, first trade, growth, and the idea of neighborhood had its roots, where it all began. I specify downtown still as the traditional center of a community, a center, not defined so much geographically or architecturally as it is socially.How can a future best building become a piece of the existing downtown environment as an ideal. Is there such an ideal answer? Or is the downtown itself a conglomerate of random individual and uncompromising Inventions?What is the basic language, the common traits that all buildings in downtown shareMarkus Vogel, May 1997•What parts of a building are of importance in becoming a part of downtown and what reasons can we identify for attaching importance to those parts?What generates form, use and expression in downtown buildings which we consider as being a successful part of the place.Out of these questions, a catalog of influences will be presented, a reference framework of 21 issues, notions, and contextual influences, divided into dimensional and non-dimensional influences. Each of the influences analyses a single aspect out of the pool of qualities of downtown buildings. The consideration of non-dimensional contextual influences without any obvious visual dimensions such as contextual symbolism, questions of aesthetics, and behavioral aspects is of special importance. In defining the references the following set of questions serve as a guideline:A) Why are the notions important and where are they coming from?B) How can we look at them in downtown Indianapolis?C) What are the related suggestions and implications for a design study?The research includes visual, graphical and oral analysis whereby downtown Indianapolis serves as an example and as a resource city. The target groups includes senior students of architecture, architects and the community, or any other public client involved in design decisions or design reviews which supervise new developments in downtown.It is the position of this paper that only a consideration of all contextual influences together in one building may create what utopists could consider an ideal building. Aware of this heavily difficult ideal, an overview on those constraints that are not sufficiently under the control of the architect will be given in order to clarify the dualism between the ideal outcome and realistic possibilities. This proposal is therefore the creation of a methodology which defines questions and issues rather than providing the answers, describing final design implications.In conclusion, I assume that the belief and the application of such a contextual framework is characteristic of those people interested in particular and individualistic design responses rather than those individuals preferring universal and broad rules honoring all kinds of manifestoes that can be found in the pluralistic mishmash of present day's architectural theories.<br>Department of Architecture
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Elfström, Daniel, and Max Stefansson. "How design storms with normally distributed intensities customized from precipitation radar data in Sweden affect the modeled hydraulic response to extreme rainfalls." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-437729.
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Intense but short-term cloudbursts may cause severe flooding in urban areas. Such short-term cloudbursts mostly are of convective character, where the rain intensity may vary considerably within relatively small areas. Using uniform design rains where maximum intensity is assumed over the whole catchment is common practice in Sweden, though. This risks overestimating the hydraulic responses, and hence lead to overdimensioning of stormwater systems. The objective of this study was to determine how the hydraulic response to cloudbursts is affected by the spatial variation of the rain in relation to the catchment size, aiming to enable improved cloudburst mapping in Sweden. Initially, the spatial variation of heavy rains in Sweden was investigated by studying radar data provided by SMHI. The distribution of rainfall accumulated over two hours from heavy raincells was investigated, based on the assumption that the intensity of convective raincells can be approximated as spatially Gaussian distributed. Based on the results, three Gaussian test rains, whose spatial variation was deemed a representative selection of the radar study, were created. In order to investigate how the hydraulic peak responses differed between the Gaussian test rains and uniform reference rains, both test and reference rains were modeled in MIKE21 Flow model. The modelling was performed on an idealised urban model fitted to Swedish urban conditions, consisting of four nested square catchments of different sizes. The investigated hydraulic peak responses were maximum outflow, proportion flooded area and average maximum water depth. In comparison with spatially varied Gaussian rains centered at the outlets, the uniform design rain with maximum rain volume overestimated the peak hydraulic response with 1-8%, independent of catchment size. Uniform design rains scaled with an area reduction factor (ARF), which is averaging the rainfall of the Gaussian rain over the catchment, instead underestimated the peak response, in comparison with the Gaussian rains. The underestimation of ARF-rains increased heavily with catchment size, from less than 5 % for a catchment area of 4 km2 to 13 - 69 % for a catchment area of 36 km2. The conclusion can be drawn that catchment size ceases to affect the hydraulic peak response when the time it takes for the whole catchment to contribute to the peak response exceeds the time it takes for the peak to be reached. How much the rain varies over the area which is able to contribute to the peak response during the rain event, can be assumed to decide how much a design rain without ARF overestimates the peak responses. If the catchment exceeds this size, an ARF-scaled rain will underestimate the peak responses. This underestimation is amplified with larger catchments. The strong pointiness of the CDS-hyetograph used in the study risks underestimating the differences in hydraulic peak responses between the test rains and a uniform rain without ARF, while the difference between test rains and uniform rains with ARF risks being overestimated.<br>Intensiva men kortvariga skyfall kan orsaka omfattande översvämningsproblematik i urbana områden. Trots att sådana kortvariga skyfall oftast är av konvektiv karaktär, där regnintensiteten kan variera avsevärt inom relativt små områden, används idag uniforma designregn där maxintensitet antas över hela avrinningsområdet. Detta riskerar att leda till en överskattning av hydrauliska responser, och följaktligen överdimensionering av dagvattensystem. Denna studie syftar till att utreda hur den hydrauliska responsen av skyfall påverkas av regnets spatiala variation, i relation till avrinningsområdets storlek. Ytterst handlar det om att möjliggöra förbättrad skyfallskartering i Sverige. Initialt undersöktes den spatiala variationen hos kraftiga regn i Sverige, genom en studie av radardata tillhandahållen av SMHI. Utbredningen av regnmängd ackumulerad över två timmar från kraftiga regnceller undersöktes utifrån antagandet att intensiteten hos konvektiva regnceller kan approximeras som spatialt gaussfördelad. Baserat på resultatet skapades tre gaussfördelade testregn vars spatiala variation ansågs utgöra ett representativt urval från radarstudien. För att undersöka hur de hydrauliska responserna skiljer sig åt mellan de gaussfördelade testregnen och uniforma referensregn, modellerades såväl test- som referensregn i MIKE 21 Flow model. Modelleringen utfördes på en idealiserad stadsmodell anpassad efter svenska urbana förhållanden, bestående av fyra nästlade kvadratiska avrinningsområden av olika storlekar. De hydrauliska responser som undersöktes var maximalt utflöde, maximal andel översvämmad yta samt medelvärdesbildat maximalvattendjup, alltså toppresponser. Jämfört med spatialt varierade gaussregn centrerade kring utloppen överskattade ett uniformt designregn med testregnens maximala volym de hydrauliska toppresponserna med 1-8 %, oberoende av avrinningsområdets storlek. Uniforma designregn skalade med area reduction factor (ARF), vilken medelvärdesbildar gaussregnets nederbörd över avrinningsområdet, underskattade istället toppresponsen jämfört med gaussregnen. ARF-regnets underskattning ökade kraftigt med avrinningsområdets storlek, från mindre än 5 % för ett avrinningsområde på 4 km2, till 13 - 69 % för ett avrinningsområde på 36 km2. Slutsatsen kan dras att avrinningsområdets storlek upphör att påverka den hydrauliska toppresponsen, då tiden det tar för hela avrinningsområdet att samverka till toppresponsen överstiger tiden till denna respons. Hur mycket regnet varierar över det område som under regnhändelsen hinner samverka till toppresponsen, kan antas avgöra hur mycket ett designregn utan ARF överskattar toppresponserna. Överstiger avrinningsområdet denna storlek kommer ett ARF-regn att underskatta toppresponserna, och underskattningen förstärks med ökande avrinningsområdesstorlek. Den kraftiga temporala toppigheten hos den CDS-hyetograf som användes i studien riskerar att underskatta skillnaderna i hydraulisk topprespons mellan testregnen och ett uniformt regn utan ARF, medan skillnaden mellan testregn och uniforma regn med ARF istället riskerar att överskattas.
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Iyer, Nathan K. "Towards responsive environments : a case for urban design and participation." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2427.
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"Public Service, Activist Architecture or Social Justice? A Typology for University-Based Community Design Centers and Success Lessons from Different Models." Doctoral diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.9310.
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abstract: This dissertation examines the conditions that foster or hinder success of university-based community design centers (CDCs) in the United States. Little is known about the normative underpinnings of CDCs, how successful these centers have been, which factors have contributed to or impeded their success, and how they have responded to the changes in social, political, professional and economic contexts. Adopting Giddens' theory of structuration as a research framework, this study examined CDCs via a mixed-methods sequential research design: a cross-sectional survey of CDCs on current definitions of success and metrics in use; and in-depth interviews to document the centers' histories of change or stasis, and how these changes influenced their successes. The findings of the first phase were utilized to develop a comprehensive success model for current CDCs that comprise measures related to organizational impacts, activities, and capacities. In the multiple case study analysis, four major rationales were identified: universities for public service, pragmatist learning theories, civic professionalism, and social change. These four rationales were evident in all of the studied cases at varying degrees. Using the concept of permeability, the study also exemplified how the processes of CDCs had transformative impacts in institutional, societal, and personal contexts. Multidisciplinarity has also emerged as a theme for the current organizational transformations of CDCs. The main argument that emerged from these findings is that it is not possible to identify a singular model or best practice for CDCs. The strengths and unique potentials of CDCs depend on the alternative rationales, involved agencies, and their social, political and spatial contexts. However, capitalizing on the distinctive attributes of the institutional context (i.e. the university), I consider some possibilities for university-based CDCs with an interdisciplinary structure, pushing the professional, curricular, and institutional boundaries, and striving for systemic change and social justice. In addition to contributing to the theoretical knowledge base, the findings provide useful information to various CDCs across the country, particularly today as they struggle with financial constraints while the community needs they provide are increasingly in demand. Since CDCs have a long history of community service and engagement, the findings can inform other university-community partnerships.<br>Dissertation/Thesis<br>Ph.D. Environmental Design and Planning 2011
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Gomes, Pedro Alexandre Teixeira. "Arte urbana em plataformas digitais." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/17256.
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Este estudo pretende abordar o contexto das plataformas web como ferramenta na divulgação de arte urbana, na qual se propõe analisar a referida temática através dos seguintes objetivos: i) a divulgação da arte urbana a partir das novas tecnologias; ii) e a verificação do impacto da arte urbana nas dimensões económica e socioculturais através de uma plataforma digital.
A pertinência deste tema será a arte urbana portuguesa, assim como, vai dar a conhecer a importância do artista urbano na cultura visual contemporânea, e paralelamente, dará foco a questões ligadas à diferenciação e originalidade de cada artista.
O impacto da arte urbana no núcleo económico e sociocultural vai fornecer uma mais valia ao fluxo de turismo no território português, permitindo que Portugal possa promover a sua identidade cultural e urbana no paradigma global.
Pretende-se também abordar as novas tecnologias como meio de comunicação abordando assuntos a ela inerentes, tais como, navegação / branding / sistemas de identidade / usabilidade / adaptabilidade do design aos vários hardwares digitais através de um responsive web design.
A Metodologia utilizada tem dois grandes focos de apoio: não intervencionista e intervencionista. A primeira é composta pela revisão da literatura e pelos estudos de casos e pretende dar resposta a uma questão que foi formulada face aos objectivos e pertinência. Essa mesma resposta é o cerne da hipótese que afunila o conhecimento adquirido em alguns pré-requisitos que têm em vista uma aplicabilidade em projeto. Aqui a componente intervencionista é maioritária pois o candidato irá testar os requisitos mencionados num projeto concreto tendo em vista a sua implementação no mercado tecnológico. Os resultados deste projeto farão parte das conclusões e recomendações futuras.<br>The present study aims to approach the context of web platforms and also their utility on promoting urban art as an important tool, in wich will analyse the subject with the following goals: i) the promotion of urban art through the nwe tecnologies; ii) and the evaluation of urban art impact in the social and cultural dimension through a digital platform.
The relevance of this subject contains the promotion of portuguese urban art, as such, the importance of the urban artist as a rich element in the visual culture, and also in sideways, will give focus on matters such as the uniqueness and distinction of each artist.
The impact of urban art in the social and cultural core will provide a huge asset to the flow of touris min portuguese territory allowing that Portugal can open himself to the world and promote his cultural and urban identity through a worldwide scale. The intention of this study is to project urban art as an touristic aspect in portuguese territory, as such, approach the new tecnologies as a communication mean, discussing all the subjects that are connected with it, for exemple, browsing / branding / visual identity systems / usabilty / design adaptation in the web through a responsive web design.
The Methodology used has two big focus: the interventionist one and the none interventionist. The first one is composed by theorical aspects and study cases in order to give an answer to a question that was formulated due to the goals of this project. That same answer is the core of the hypothesis which gathers all the knowledge in some pre-requisites that aim the applicabilty of this project. In this study, the non interventionist component is major due to the testing of the requirements mentioned with the purpose of his implementation on the market.
The results of this project will be part of the conclusions and future recommendations.
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Chen-FangWen and 温晨舫. "Architectural Design for Flooding Response in Tainan Urban Areas." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69054820778638473668.
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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>建築學系<br>103<br>Due to the effects of worldwide environmental changes, natural or artificial causes and urban overdevelopment, the odds for urban areas to suffer from flood risk is on the rise. Under the idea of living around water resources, the increasing urbanization and high density development has reducing the amount of available spaces in urban areas and limiting other methods for flood to be resolved naturally are the main issues with the urban areas today. The urban flood risk revolves around our everyday lifestyle, architectural design structures and the natural surroundings, the relationship between these three important aspects should not be underestimated. This study will demonstrate an example of flood control architect structural plan that can be adapted to today's climate changes, natural causes and other architectural restrictions. Furthermore impels the coexistence and symbiosis between urban spaces, natural surroundings and our everyday lives.
This research will examine the flood response programs and actions taken by urbanized Taiwanese communities through a series of related article reviews, from community size level flood response plan to a single flood control architectural design. In addition, the paper oversees Taiwanese present flood related policies and architectural restrictions. Followed by recommendations for new architectural restriction policies to the existing one. In the process of discussing the new flood control design, the paper can point out the three main categories within this topic: Disaster Adaption, Low-Carbon Sustainability and Urban Greening. By collecting and analyzing international and domestic urban area architectural cases, one can further outline additional five environmental related architectural terminologies, they are Urban Context, Terrain Sculpting, Unique Style/ Established Landmark and Buried Massing. These five architectural terminologies and three categories along with urban landscape are the important elements of a good flood control construction. Lastly, this study will demonstrate a flood control architectural construction based on the Tainan Kun-Shan community surroundings and circumstances. Take such demonstration as a example of flood response architectural design and its feasibility to other Taiwan urban areas.
Through multiple design practice and competitions, new architecture typologies are explored. Flooding response planning are simulated with Kun-Shan community, Yong-Kang Dist as the site to demonstrate the feasibility of this framework. Scenarios of sustainable, disaster preventing urban area environments are proposed in attempt to achieve the symbiosis of natural and artificial scenery.
This “Architectural Design for Flooding Response in Tainan Urban Areas” of this research concludes 3 major targets, 8 area strategies, and 10 architecture strategies. This may provide a better basis of operation direction for future planning and designs of Urban areas in Tainan.
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Nair, Sudheshna. "Unlocking the potential of the Durban city hall precinct : an urban design/town planning response for a post-apartheid South Africa." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5132.
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Public space is a fundamental component of the urban condition. Throughout the history of settlement planning, its inclusion has represented the role and identity of the citizen in society. By definition, it encapsulates concepts of freedom, justice and social inclusion. The apartheid spatial experience however, has woven persistent spatial distortions into the urban landscape. Public space was imbued with apartheid ideology, promoting sinister nationalist agendas whilst defining spatial experience by race. It is the premise of this paper that South African public space must be re‐conceptualized in order to embody the aspirations of a new democracy and to maintain its relevance in a post‐apartheid landscape.
The Durban City Hall Precinct should represent the symbolic heart of the city. The City Hall and its primary public square, Francis Farewell Square, should capture both the city’s history and the direction of its developmental potential. As the most central and prominent public space, its re‐conceptualisation has the capacity to re‐inspire civic identity and turn the tide of a thirty year decline of the inner city.
The process used to achieve such aspirations requires an approach broader than a single built environment discipline. Contemporary approaches to complex urban challenges call for greater integration between disciplines, in particular, the fields of town planning, urban design and architecture. The modernist paradigm has seen the divergence of interests and agendas between built environment disciplines at the ultimate expense of place making and identity. As cities grow, we are faced with the expanding monotony of an urban landscape which surrenders the upliftment of the human spirit for infrastructural demand.
This study serves to highlight the potential of the City Hall Precinct and the process and depth of approach required to inform relevant public space. The study explores integrative approaches to planning challenges and the role of design in the redevelopment of public space in city centres. Using the City Hall precinct as a case study, the study pursues this holistic approach as a replicable methodology which should underpin the development of all public space initiatives.<br>Thesis (M.T.R.P.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.
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Stols, Dennis-lee. "The influence of insurgency on socially responsive urban development : a proposed informal recycling facility for the informal cardboard recyclers of the Durban CBD, South Africa." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9698.
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Lining the streets and the interstitial spaces of the developing cities of the modern world is an
emerging citizenship that exists and thrives in the in-between. These are the new urbanites,
the Insurgent Citizens; a socio spatial product of the rapid urbanisation processes that have
shaped and will continue to shape the urban landscape. The physical make up of concrete
and glass that forms the fantastic images of cityness and modernity house the minority
population, the haves. However, in the spaces left behind, in the alley ways and on the
pavements in so called residual spaces, this new insurgent citizenship is growing. Having
been left out of the planning processes that define these city imageries, within exclusionary
constructs these citizens are redefining how the city functions as they stake their claims to be
active participants within the metabolism of the modern city. This conflicting rationality of
what a city is, and for whom it shall serve is effected by the minority striving to modernise
and the majority striving to survive within the same physical environment.
There are countless research efforts established to disseminate cityness for the minority of
haves; however this dissertation posits itself within the construct of the have-nots and their
rights to the city and therefore their socio-spatial rights to redefine it. This redefinition of
cityness is established as a means to support their livelihood strategies to contest their
conditions of spatial and economic poverty, as shall be defined herein. This insurgent
citizenship is not survivalist nor merely informal, but rather an active social agent contesting
the exclusionary processes that continue to define the cities of the developing world.
It is the aim of this dissertation to establish the historical and current construct under which
these socio-spatiality’s exist. Thus by identifying these strategies by which these insurgents
survive and contest these realities, this dissertation will explore informal recycling as a means
of insurgency. By understanding the global and local phenomenon of informal recycling;
considering the environmental and socio-economic benefits it yields, this dissertation seeks to
uncover strategies by which inclusive developments can be adopted to facilitate this insurgent
practice. The objective of this dissertation is to establish a grassroots up architectural design
solution for the informal recyclers of the Durban CBD, South Africa.<br>Thesis (M.Arch.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2013.
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Finnie, Cameron. "A critical South African response towards modern handcrafted dialectic architecture : the design of a collaborative skills development facility in Durban." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9736.
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Since the turn of the 20th century, industrialisation and technological development of the
machine has brought about mass production of almost everything from spaces, food,
environments, experiences, and architecture. The dominance of machine-based processes
has diluted the experience of the hand-made environment, once rich with tactility, quality,
honesty, and craft; by means of reproduction and standardisation (Frampton, 1983). This has
inevitably created a ‘“universal sameness” (Augè, 2008:xii) which spans the globe and
reiterates what Ricouer (1961) declares as the formulation of a ‘Universal Civilisation’.
Modern Architecture, which is formulated exclusively through machine construction
methodologies, has also influenced a sense of “placelessness” (Frampton, 1983:26) whereby
the built environment is facing a surge of monotonous machine generated interventions.
Within a predominately machine built environment, there are, however, concurrent calls for a
reflective engagement of Craft (Pallasmaa, 2005). Although craft has not disappeared, there
is a weakening of one’s connection to an ‘existential ground’ (Pallasmaa, 2009) through the
advent of the machine and its ability to render mass-produced environments that are not
necessarily honest to its place and its inner workings (Pallasmaa, 2009, Sudjic, 2008). A
more directly hand-made crafted architecture could then, by definition, have the ability to
respond and reignite one’s existential ground and strengthen one’s relationship with the built
environment. This could then have a direct influence for one’s reconnection and experience
with architecture in the progressive yet inhumane machine-built environment so evident in
the Modern world today.
This dissertation sets out to explore where architecture is positioned within the 21st century of
universal technique, standardisation, industrial processes and contemporary consumer
culture. A dialectical method will set the discourse of the research, which is made up of 3
components. The thesis; being architecture as a Machine, the opposing antithesis; being
architecture as Craft and the synthesis; being architecture as a dialectic modern
handcrafted. This dissertation seeks a unification of machine-built and hand-made
technologies through machine processes richly layered with craft, that may well perpetuate a
progressive and responsive modern handcrafted dialectic architecture in South Africa.
This research could then be implemented towards the design of a collaborative skills
development facility in Durban.<br>Thesis (M.Arch.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.
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Bhéreur-Lagounaris, Alexia. "Jeux à portée sociale : vers une nouvelle appellation d’un divertissement responsable." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21887.
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Rosa, Michel Fernandes da. "Os Atingidos de Belo Monte: experiências de sofrimento e agravos à saúde no contexto de um megaprojeto hidroelétrico na Amazônia brasileira." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/31193.
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Tese de doutoramento em Sociologia, apresentada à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra<br>A presente tese consiste em um estudo sociológico a partir do caso da Usina
Hidroelétrica Belo Monte, em construção no Estado do Pará, na Amazônia brasileira. O
objetivo deste estudo foi dedicar um olhar para a questão da saúde a partir da perspectiva
das populações atingidas pelo megaprojeto hidroelétrico. O trabalho inicia com uma
apresentação do histórico dos projetos de barramento do rio Xingu, em meados dos anos
1970. Dos primeiros estudos da bacia hidrográfica do Xingu até o início da obra de Belo
Monte passaram-se aproximadamente trinta anos e, durante esse período, muitas
polémicas e disputas envolveram as populações atingidas, políticos, intelectuais, artistas,
cientistas, ativistas e movimentos sociais. Também é discutido nesta tese o modelo de
desenvolvimento económico brasileiro, para se compreender como se dá a opção pela
construção de grandes projetos de infraestrutura, como é o caso de Belo Monte. A partir
dessa primeira abordagem ao megaprojeto, passo a dar ênfase à perspectiva das
populações atingidas por Belo Monte. Para tanto, foi necessário, primeiramente, conhecer
melhor o universo de populações atingidas, compostas por populações urbanas, rurais,
comunidades ribeirinhas e indígenas. Através do trabalho empírico realizado em
Brasília/DF e Altamira/PA, foi possível conhecer e reconhecer a diversidade dessas
populações e, assim identificar algumas questões importantes que não foram objeto de
debate com o poder público e o empreendedor. É o que Boaventura de Sousa Santos
(2006) chama de produções de não existência, ou invisibilidades. A utilização da matriz
teórica das epistemologias do Sul (Santos, 2002) permitiu o reconhecimento dessas
invisibilidades, isto é, permitiu ver como as alterações no ambiente e nos modos de vidas
das populações atingidas por Belo Monte afetam a saúde e a qualidade de vida destas. É
a partir dessa lente que se dedica o olhar para a saúde das populações atingidas, e a
problematização dessa questão é realizada nesta tese tendo como protagonistas as
próprias populações atingidas. Assim foi identificado como um dos problemas relevantes
decorrentes da construção da Usina Hidroelétrica Belo Monte a relação entre o sofrimento
sentido pelas populações atingidas e o surgimento de agravos à saúde. O sofrimento
difuso é um conceito desenvolvido por Valla (2001) que será discutido nesta tese na
medida em que é constatado como uma consequência de Belo Monte invisibilizada. Isto
porque não foi previsto ou discutido como uma possibilidade, nem no Estudo de Impacto Ambiental (EIA), nem no seu respectivo Relatório de Impacto Ambiental (Rima).
Também não foi percebido como uma situação merecedora de atenção por parte do órgão
fiscalizador responsável pela conceção das licenças que permitiram Belo Monte ser
construída, o Ibama. Ainda, a relação entre o sofrimento e os agravos à saúde das
populações atingidas não foi alvo de políticas públicas na área da saúde pública. Dessa
forma, pretende este trabalho contribuir para a discussão sobre a saúde das populações
atingidas pelo megaprojeto Belo Monte, a partir do reconhecimento das populações
atingidas como detentoras e produtoras de conhecimento relevante.
~This thesis consists of a sociological study from the case of Belo Monte
Hydroelectric Power Plant, under construction in the State of Pará, in the Brazilian
Amazon. The aim of this study was to dedicate a look at the issue of health from the
perspective of the people affected by hydroelectric megaproject. The work begins with a
presentation of the history of the Xingu River dam projects in the mid-1970s From the
first studies of the watershed of the Xingu to the early work of Belo Monte it took about
thirty years and during this period, many controversies and disputes involving the
populations concerned, politicians, intellectuals, artists, scientists, activists and social
movements. It is also discussed in this thesis the Brazilian model of economic
development, to understand how is the option for the construction of large infrastructure
projects, such as the case of Belo Monte. From this first approach to megaproject, then I
give emphasis to the perspective of populations affected by Belo Monte. Therefore, it was
necessary, firstly, to know the universe of affected populations, composed of urban, rural
populations, coastal communities and indigenous people. Through the empirical work
done in Brasilia / DF and Altamira / PA, it was possible to know and recognize the
diversity of these populations and thus identify some important issues that were not
subject to discussion with the government and the entrepreneur. It's what Boaventura de
Sousa Santos (2006) calls invisibilities. Using the theoretical framework of South
epistemologies (Santos, 2002) allowed the recognition of these invisibilities, allowed to
see how changes in the environment and ways of life of the populations affected by Belo
Monte affect the health and quality of life of that people. It is from this lens that is
dedicated to looking at the health of the populations, and the questioning of this issue is
carried out in this thesis having as protagonists the affected populations themselves. Thus
it was identified as one of the relevant issues arising from the construction of the Belo
Monte Hydroelectric Plant the relationship between the suffering experienced by the
affected populations and the emergence of health problems. The diffuse suffering is a
concept developed by Valla (2001) which will be discussed in this thesis since it is found
as a result of Belo Monte. This is because it was not planned or discussed as a possibility,
or the Environmental Impact Study (EIA), or in their respective Environmental Impact
Report (RIMA). It was also not perceived as a worthy position of attention by the supervisory body responsible for the design of the licenses that allowed Belo Monte is
built, the Ibama. Also, the relationship between suffering and health problems of the
affected population was not the target of public policies in the field of public health. Thus,
this work aims to contribute to the discussion on the health of populations affected by
Belo Monte mega-project, from the recognition of the people affected as having relevant
knowledge.<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) - Nº BEX 1749-13-7