Relevant bibliographies by topics / Urban slum

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Academic literature on the topic 'Urban slum'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Urban slum"

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Lilford, Richard, Catherine Kyobutungi, Robert Ndugwa, Jo Sartori, Samuel I. Watson, Richard Sliuzas, Monika Kuffer, Timothy Hofer, Joao Porto de Albuquerque, and Alex Ezeh. "Because space matters: conceptual framework to help distinguish slum from non-slum urban areas." BMJ Global Health 4, no. 2 (April 2019): e001267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001267.

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Despite an estimated one billion people around the world living in slums, most surveys of health and well-being do not distinguish between slum and non-slum urban residents. Identifying people who live in slums is important for research purposes and also to enable policymakers, programme managers, donors and non-governmental organisations to better target investments and services to areas of greatest deprivation. However, there is no consensus on what a slum is let alone how slums can be distinguished from non-slum urban precincts. Nor has attention been given to a more fine-grained classification of urban spaces that might go beyond a simple slum/non-slum dichotomy. The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework to help tackle the related issues of slum definition and classification of the urban landscape. We discuss:The concept of space as an epidemiological variable that results in ‘neighbourhood effects’.The problems of slum area definition when there is no ‘gold standard’.A long-list of variables from which a selection must be made in defining or classifying urban slum spaces.Methods to combine any set of identified variables in an operational slum area definition.Two basic approaches to spatial slum area definitions—top-down (starting with a predefined area which is then classified according to features present in that area) and bottom-up (defining the areal unit based on its features).Different requirements of a slum area definition according to its intended use.Implications for research and future development.
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Harshwardhan, Rahul, and V. K. Tripathy. "Urbanisation and Growth of Slum Population in Jharkhand: A Spatial Analysis." Space and Culture, India 3, no. 1 (June 18, 2015): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v3i1.134.

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The objective of this paper is to examine the relation between the pace of urbanisation and growth of slum population in Jharkhand. This paper also attempts to analyse the trends and patterns of growth of slum population at the district level in Jharkhand. In terms of urbanisation process of India, slums have become an integral part of urban scenario. In India, rapid growth of slums is the result of rural-urban migration of the rural poor to the cities/towns in search of employment in the last two decades. In the absence of any affordable housing, there has been growth of slums in the urban areas of the country. In India, out of a total population of 1.21 billion, 31.30% population resides in the urban areas, but 21.68% (61.8 million) of the total urban population live in the slums. Slums are considered as a major problem within the urban areas, particularly in relation to the issues of transportation, population growth, health and safety. The developing states or regions of India are more prone to this problem due to the lack of infrastructural development and heavy urban population pressure. Like other states of India, Jharkhand too is facing the problem of slums. After its separation from Bihar in 2000, the rate of urbanisation and the rate of growth of slums had gone high. The study reveals that in 2001, there were only 11 urban centers consisting of slum population but in 2011, it reached to 31. The slum population registers 23.68% growth while the urban population growth stands at 32%. This paper is primarily based on secondary data collected from different governmental agencies, particularly the Census data of population to analyse the spatial distribution of slum population in the districts of Jharkhand. This study explores the changing urbanisation scenario in Jharkhand and the growth of slums with respect to it.
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Legarias, Tenty Melvianti, Renny Nurhasana, and Edy Irwansyah. "Building Density Level of Urban Slum Area in Jakarta." Geosfera Indonesia 5, no. 2 (August 15, 2020): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v5i2.18547.

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Currently, the number of urban residents is increasing and some of the urban population live in slum areas. Therefore, identifying the characteristics of slum areas has become crucial. This study aimed to identify more specific slum locations in Jakarta through the pattern of building densities analysis between case studies of neighborhoods association (RT) in 15 hamlets (RW) that classified as heavy slums category. This study also attempted to determine the relation between building density levels in the slum area and Jakarta spatial detail planning. This study engaged the Cluster and Outlier Analysis (Anselin Local Moran's I) method. This study also observed socio-economic factors of citizen census data based the Dasawisma Census of Family Welfare Empowerment in 2019. The result shows that slum locations that had direct neighbors towards areas which was designated at spatial detail planning as industrial zones and ware housing areas as well as office, trade and service zones, obtained a higher level of building density compared to slum locations that secured neighbors to areas that were designated as housing zones. High economic opportunities provided attraction and affected the growth of slum locations. The results also reveal that slum areas were not a concentrated population with low income and/or low education. Applying cluster and outlier modeling of building density levels of urban slums in Jakarta based on RT cluster level could reveal more specific slum locations and could identify factors that influence the differences of building density levels. Keywords: Slums; Spatial Detail Planning; Cluster and Outlier Analysis; Geographic Information System Copyright (c) 2020 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
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Mariya, Sri, Rery Novio, and Ahyuni Ahyuni. "PEMETAAN KAWASAN KUMUH DAN SQUATTER AREA DI KOTA PADANG." JURNAL GEOGRAFI 8, no. 1 (April 15, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/geografi/vol8-iss1/322.

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The increasing rate of population growth in urban areas has an impact on environmental imbalances, especially related to the expansion of residential areas. The purpose of this study was to identify slum areas and illegal / wild areas (squatter areas) based on indicators and parameters for each region. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research with population is all sub-districts in Padang City with total sampling. Slum area and squat mapping results in Padang city area are scattered in 7 villages in 5 sub-districts. Dadok Tunggul Hitam Koto Tangah Subdistrict Typology of slum areas Urban slums, Purus Padang Barat sub-district typology of downtown slums, Alai Parak Kopi District of North Padang typology of slums off the railroad tracks, Opposite of Palinggam typology of slums of Suburbs, Batang Arau slums typology River Suburb, Pasa Gadang Subdistrict of Padang Selatan typology of slum area of the Suburb, Sawahan Timur Padang Timur Subdistrict typology of slum area Railroad.
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Andavarapu, Deepika, and Mahyar Arefi. "Understanding resilience in urban slums." plaNext–Next Generation Planning 2 (April 1, 2016): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24306/plnxt.2016.02.007.

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Slums are typically perceived as substandard eyesores, corrupt, makeshift, impoverished and crime-ridden. The growing literature on resilience challenged these perceptions, and promoted new debates on their ingenuity and adaptability to overcome external circumstances. Yet these debates are often limited to short term coping and adaptive capacity of slum dwellers. In this paper we look at long-term transformation of a slum over a forty-year period. Holling’s Adaptive Cycle model is a useful tool to study the transformations occurring within a slum. The four phases of the adaptive cycle are: conservation (K), creative destruction/release (Ω), reorganization (α) and exploitation (r). The Ω and α phases are together known as the “backloop” and are the focus of this paper. This paper explores how the residents of Pedda Jalaraipeta slum in Visakhapatnam use their social capital (bonding, bridging and linkages) to survive and recover from disasters. Based on empirical ethnographic findings, this paper shows that when slum dwellers collaborate with government or non-government agencies their community can recover and retain its unique social and cultural identity.
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Cavalcanti, Tiago, Daniel Da Mata, and Marcelo Santos. "On the Determinants of Slum Formation." Economic Journal 129, no. 621 (January 8, 2019): 1971–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12626.

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Abstract We construct a simple model of a city with heterogeneous agents and housing choice to explain the determinants of slums, home to about one-third of the urban population in developing countries. The model supports the main empirical evidence regarding slum formation and is able quantitatively to assess the role of each determinant of slum growth. We show that urban poverty, inequality and rural–urban migration explain much of the variation in slum growth in Brazil from 1980 to 2000. Ex ante evaluation of the impacts of policy interventions shows that removing barriers to formalisation has a strong impact on slum reduction.
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Diwakar, Pranathi. "A Recipe for Disaster: Framing Risk and Vulnerability in Slum Relocation Policies in Chennai, India." City & Community 18, no. 4 (December 2019): 1314–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12457.

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This article investigates how governments use dramatic natural events such as disasters to justify potentially unpopular policy interventions. I use the case of the southern Indian city of Chennai to explore how different arms of the government have historically engaged with the question of slum tenure from the 1960s until the present moment. Using archival methods, I analyze policy documents to excavate how slums have been framed within the context of political and policy imperatives. I show that slums are framed as risky to themselves and the broader urban public, and are portrayed as dangerous, messy, or illegal. I analyze the role of the disaster moment in catalyzing slum relocation policies, and I argue that this moment allowed the government a new modality to frame slums as not just risky but also at risk, or vulnerable to disasters in their original locations. I make the case that the anti–poor policy of slum relocation has been justified as pro–poor by framing slums as not just risky, but also at risk. The framing of slums as at risk in Chennai has been necessary within the extant political matrix, which has historically courted slums for electoral success. The analysis of shifting slum policies offers new insight into how urban policy and politics of disaster vulnerability frame and interact with the urban poor in cities of the Global South.
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Solanki, Kinjal, Harsh Joshi, Alpesh Patel, and D. V. Bala. "Comparative Study of Oral Hygiene Among Urban and Urban Slum Dwellers of Ahmedabad." Journal of Medical Research and Innovation 2, S1 (November 1, 2018): e000152. http://dx.doi.org/10.32892/jmri.152.

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Aims and Objectives: To compare the oral hygiene practices and study the proportion of dental problems among urban and urban slum areas. Methodology: An observational, cross sectional study was carried out in 150 people in urban and urban slum areas. The study duration was four months (June 2015 to September 2015). The data was collected in a pre-designed proforma. The knowledge of the community was considered with regards to oral hygiene and harmful effects of bad food habits and tobacco consumption. The oral problems and hygiene was assessed by using mouth mirror and probe. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 24.0 Software. Results: Out of the total data collected, 75 of the data entries were obtained from urban area and urban slum area each. The age wise distribution was done as well in both the areas. Among them, most common age group was 20-45 years (50.7% in urban while 48.0% in urban slum) followed by 10-19 years, 46-60 years, 1-9 years and 60and above age group. The common symptoms observed like broken teeth (28%), gingivitis (13.30%), caries (21.10%) etc. were more in urban as compared to urban slum areas. Most common brushing practice was using paste (90%) followed by powder (10%) and salt (1%). More number of people in urban area (28%) consumes carbonated drinks as compared to urban slum (6.7%) (P value = 0.001). The proportion of sensitive teeth was more in urban (36%) as compared to urban slum (26.7%) (P value = 0.126). Most of the people in urban as well as urban slum area (97.3%) change their brush within 15 days-3 months. Conclusion: The proportion of gingivitis, dental illness, grinding teeth, sensitive teeth are more commonly seen in urban areas as compared to that of the urban slums. However, the proportion of bleeding gums, awareness regarding dental problems, frequency of brushing teeth and pattern of brushing were almost similar in both of the areas.
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Mukeku, Joseph. "Urban Slum Morphology and Socio-economic Analogies: A Case Study of Kibera Slum, Nairobi, Kenya." Urbanisation 3, no. 1 (May 2018): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455747118790581.

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Narratives around slums tend to amplify their negative attributes, often based on a sensorial assessment of their environment. This article talks about a study carried out in Kibera, the second largest slum in Africa located in Nairobi, Kenya, which examines how slums are morphologically constituted with respect to their socio-economic settings. The study stems from the author’s several years of work as a community design architect on slum upgrading projects, many of which were of a participatory nature. Given that slums exist outside of formal planning and lack documented development records, a basic approach to studying slums was adopted. This article uses analogies to expound on the link between the spatial-temporal formation of the slum and the socio-economic activities and practices of its residents. It goes on to show the crucial need for slum upgrading programmes to pay attention to this strong yet hidden interrelationship in order to meet the needs of the beneficiaries in a sustainable manner.
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Basu, Koushambhi, and Salil Basu. "Urban poor women: Coping with poverty and ill-health in slums of Delhi." Social Change 30, no. 1-2 (March 2000): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004908570003000212.

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Urban poverty is a multi-dimensional problem which has been studied from different perspectives by various researchers. An important way of understanding the magnitude of urban poverty is by exploring the conditions of life in urban slums. More important is to understand the problems and needs of slum women who have the primary responsibility of their families. Any improvement in their status will directly benefit the families as a unit. This paper aims to highlight the perceptions, sufferings and felt needs of urban poor women, based essentially on case studies conducted in a slum of Delhi. A few suggestions for betterment in the quality of life of urban slum dwellers have also been given.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Urban slum"

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McFarlane, Colin. "Travelling knowledges : urban poverty and slum/shack dwellers international." Thesis, Durham University, 2004. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3126/.

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The relationship between knowledge and development is of growing importance in development theory and practice. Despite the growth in interest, there are significant issues that have not been explored in detail. I will focus on some of these issues, including: the ways in which knowledge and learning are conceived and created in development; the ways in which knowledge travels; the opportunities for learning between 'North' and 'South'; and the political spaces that are created through different kinds of knowledge. To explore these issues, I examine a network of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and community-based organisations (CBOs) called Slum/Shack Dwellers International (SDI). This network seeks to reconfigure the governance of urban poverty reduction strategies and encourage poor' people to re-think their own capacities and potentials. In particular, I draw on interview-based fieldwork conducted on one key member of this group, the Indian Alliance based in Mumbai. I critically examine some of the possibilities and challenges of various forms of 'travelling knowledges'. These are strategies that have travelled through exchanges, wherein groups of poor people travel from one settlement to another to share stories and experiences with other poor people in what amounts to an informal 'training' process. By examining exchanges between SDI and groups in the UK, I critically discuss the broader potential in development to move beyond barriers of North and South that limit learning. I adopt a broadly post-rationalist approach to the concerns in the thesis. Through this, I argue the importance of considering knowledge and learning as produced through relations of near and far, social and material, and as driven by routines and practices. A post-rationalist approach helps us to understand and appreciate the importance of geography for knowledge and learning in the SDI network. This approach draws attention to power. It encourages a critical consciousness that is alert to the kinds of knowledge conceived for development, and that recognizes the various ways in which different knowledges help create different types of politics. A post-rationalist approach also cautions against conceptions of knowledge and learning that risk marginalizing geography and power in development more generally. The thesis demonstrates the need to give further consideration of how knowledge is conceived as a development strategy, and what the potential possibilities and pitfalls of travelling knowledges are.
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Cho, Yasunaka. "Evaluation of the Baan Mankong Slum Upgrading Project in Thailand." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1368085651.

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Nyadu-Larbi, Kwasi. "The slum problem of urban Ghana : a case study of the Kumasi Zongo." Thesis, Glasgow School of Art, 2001. http://radar.gsa.ac.uk/4066/.

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Mukhija, Vinit. "Squatters as developers? : Mumbai's slum dwellers as equity partners in redevelopment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8959.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-201).
This dissertation analyzes the slum redevelopment strategy introduced by the state government of Maharashtra (India) in its capital city, Mumbai (Bombay). The strategy involves demolishing the existing slums and building on the same sites at a higher density, new, medium rise apartment-blocks including entirely cross-subsidized housing for the original slum dwellers. Slum redevelopment is distinctly different from the two prevalent conventional strategies with respect to slums in developing countries - slum clearance and slum upgrading. Interestingly, the strategy appears to enjoy considerable support of slum dwellers, NGOs, private developers and politicians. The study focuses on a single slum redevelopment case - the Markandeya Cooperative Housing Society (MCHS) - to show how the state government amended the land development regulations to enhance the potential land values and allowed the slum dwellers to share in the high development values. This analysis of the role of the State in promoting a new housing strategy and providing crucial support in implementation contributes to our understanding of housing provision policy in three ways. First, it provides insights into slum redevelopment as an alternative housing strategy. It analyzes the problems faced and the solutions innovated in the implementation of this strategy. It argues that despite slum redevelopment's shortcomings, the strategy may be superior to other alternatives, especially if the State can provide implementation support. Second, it identifies nontraditional issues, often overlooked in housing improvement that may help make slum upgrading programs more successful. Contrary to the conventional focus only on private property rights, the dissertation argues for policy to be based on a differentiated view of property rights (including common property rights) that also considers the property values, the physical structure of the property-holdings and the interplay among these issues. Third, the study reveals the complexities involved in housing production for low-income groups and demonstrates that enabling housing provision, even with the participation of private sector agents, requires an active government role. Paradoxically, enabling may require four levels of seeming contradictions - both decentralization and centralization; both demand-driven and supply driven development; both private as well as public investment; and both deregulation and new regulations.
by Vinit Mukhija.
Ph.D.
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Das, Ashok Kumar. "Lofty ideal, hefty deal empowerment through participatory slum upgrading in India and Indonesia /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1679308191&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Macapagal, Katrina Angela R. "The slum chronotope and imaginaries of spatial justice in Philippine urban cinema." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2017. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/8975.

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This dissertation proposes that Philippine independent urban cinema reveals imaginaries of spatial justice. The works approached as Philippine urban cinema are independently produced and internationally circulated films that heavily feature or reference Philippine slums as setting, with narratives that centre on the lives of the urban poor. The theory of spatial justice as defined by leading urban theorists argues that social justice has spatio-temporal dimensions. Grounded on this foundational premise, this study approaches Philippine urban cinema in its capacity to foreground and represent the complexities of social justice as contextualised in Philippine urban conditions, with local and global trajectories. Alongside the theory of spatial justice, the dissertation draws from Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of the “chronotope” (literally meaning time-space) to formulate a theory of the “slum chronotope” as a foundational concept for analysing the ways by which films are able to imagine issues of spatial justice, with emphasis on character configuration and narrative formation. The chapters are structured according to genres and modalities, where other chronotopes that dialogue with the slum chronotope are identified and examined. In the comingof- age chapter, the study locates “chronotopes of passage”; in the melodrama chapter, the study locates “affective chronotopes” configured by the spatial practice of walking; in the Manila noir chapter, the study locates “chronotopes of mobility”; and in the final chapter, the study locates “chronotopes of in/visibility” in the Overseas Filipino Worker genre. This study offers a novel interdisciplinary framework for analysing Philippine urban cinema, and in the process, makes a case for Philippine urban history as crucial grounds for understanding the global urbanisation of poverty.
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Tsujita, Yuko. "Education, poverty and schooling : a study of Delhi slum dwellers." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/49668/.

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Poverty reduction and Education for All (EFA) are important policy issues in many developing countries as they are both Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). As the existing literature suggests, education positively influences poverty reduction, while poverty, or low income, adversely affects the quality and quantity of education. Accordingly, if education fails to facilitate poverty reduction, the following generation's schooling is likely to be adversely affected, thus perpetuating a vicious education–poverty circle. It was against such a background, and employing a mixed methods approach to data collection and analysis, that this study investigated the relationship between education and multidimensional poverty at an individual as well as household level, and the influence of deprivation on children's education, in the context of the slum in Delhi, India. The thesis reveals that education – particularly primary and middle schooling – enhances the earnings of male slum dwellers in particular, the overwhelming majority of whom suffer from informality and instability of employment. It also emerges that education plays an important role in the ability to participate with confidence in the public sphere. At the household level, education proves to have a positive association with monetary poverty, but a higher level of education per se does not necessarily facilitate escape from non-monetary poverty. In such a nexus of poverty and education, the thesis found that household wealth in association with social group and migration status tends to be positively correlated with child schooling, education expenditure, and basic learning. There may be a chance of escaping poverty through education, but such a likelihood is limited for those households that are underprivileged in terms of caste and religion owing to slow progress in basic learning, as well as migrant households due to lack of access to schooling. The thesis concludes by proposing some education policies drawn from the major findings of the study that may be implemented in the Indian slum context.
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Fyhr, Karl. "Participation in Upgrading of Informal Settlements : -a case study of the project “City In-situ Rehabilitation Scheme for Urban Poor Staying in Slums in City of Pune under BSUP, JNNURM”." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-77109.

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Fyhr, Karl (2012). Participation in Upgrading of Informal Settlements -a case study of the project “City In-situ Rehabilitation Scheme for Urban Poor Staying in Slums in City of Pune under BSUP, JNNURM”. Fyhr is a student at Human Geography Department at Stockholm University. This thesis for the course Urban and Regional Planning has been supervised by Andrew Byerley. The aim is to put the participatory approach of slum upgrading in context of rationality. What are different stakeholders approaches towards participatory planning? Are there any potential conflicts of interests with the participation approach used in the Yerwada project? Who are actually participating in real practice? How can different ways of rational thinking be explained in the questions above? This thesis is based on a 10 weeks MFS-study in India. The methodology is a case- study of a slum-upgrading project in Yerwada slum located in the city of Pune. Focus is on different rationalities which are embedded in the project. Two main rationalities are identified, the professionals’ rationality contra the beneficiaries. A clash between the two rationalities can be identified. This clash can be reduced by influence of NGOs and CBOs cooperating with authorities and building a bridge between professionals and the urban poor.              Key words: Yerwada, slum- upgrading, informal settlements, rationality, urban- poor, power, SPARC.
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Woiwode, Christoph. "Urban risk communication in Ahmedabad, India : between slum dwellers and the municipal corporation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445152/.

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Since rapid urban growth forces poor households to settle in highly congested urban areas, slum dwellers are increasingly vulnerable due to a multiplicity of hazards rooted in the environment, nature, health, society and the urban economy. Hitherto, the understanding of urban risks and the vulnerability of inhabitants has been an underrepresented subject in urban planning. The different reasoning and rationales of slum dwellers, municipal authorities and other actors provide each with different perceptions of risks. This study focuses on the communication of urban risks between two slum communities and the Municipal Corporation of Ahmedabad by examining endeavours in slum improvement and more responsive urban governance. In using a conceptual framework that synthesises socio-cultural approaches to risk, communication theories and collaborative planning theory, the thesis points out the deficiencies and potentials of risk communication in long-term urban development planning. Currently urban risk management is not recognised as an integrated, cross-sectoral topic by the Municipal Corporation. Due to the structural fabric of the administration and the lack of capacity and guidance, the notion of risk is based on conventional approaches to disaster risk management with responsibilities spread across various departments. By contrast, slum dwellers have a much more integrated understanding of the micro-level risk conditions in which they live and work. The findings of this study suggest that a meaningful two-way communication process can only take place if the interaction of stakeholders is understood in terms of human relationships that go beyond techno-bureaucratic co-ordination and the prevalent notion of mono-directional communication. This concept of communication is underpinned by values such as trust, fairness, credibility and justice in interaction in the context of urban governance. The research approach and the findings suggest areas for improved policy making and further research. The outcome of the research especially contributes to a better understanding of urban risk situations in the social and cultural contexts of poor communities in India. Hence this investigation may be viewed as a potential basis for generating practical guidelines for mitigation policies and their links to urban governance.
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EHIGIATOR, PAUL. "Urban Slum Upgrading and Participatory Governance (PG): An investigation into the role of slum community-based institutions in tackling the challenges of slums in developing nations the case of Lagos state, Nigeria." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22608.

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This study looks at the role of slum upgrading, political culture, power structure and how these factors affect participation in slum upgrading in Makoko, Lagos. It also investigates how community-based institutions participate in identification of slum challenges, design action plans on curbing the challenges, implementation and monitoring of the plans in Lagos state. Factors that affect the successful implementation or hinder the implementation of participatory processes in slum upgrading effort in Lagos state have also been investigated; this was done in order to explore how implementation or the lack of implementation in the Makoko case relates to existing theories of power structure and political culture factors in participatory slum upgrading.Furthermore, ways of improving participatory approaches to slum upgrading practices have been identified as a way of promoting sustainable practice in subsequent slum upgrade efforts in Lagos.Literature was reviewed with regard to participation in slum upgrading. This was followed by a review of theories of participation, and a discussion of factors that hinder effective participation in slum upgrading process.The single case study research strategy was adopted, in which the researcher interviewed some members of Makoko Community Development Association, community leaders and youths in Makoko community. The data revealed that participation in Makoko slum upgrading took two dimensions. A participatory approach was not adopted in projects initiated by the government.However, there was participation in a project initiated by international organizations. The data also show that power structures, political culture and lack of skills hindered participation. This is consistent with existing theory which argues that political culture, power structure, and skill factors hinder effective participation in slum upgrading. Meanwhile, international organizations’commitments to participatory approach in slum upgrading enhance participation.It was therefore suggested that to improve participatory approaches in future slum upgrading efforts in Lagos, the government must design state laws that will encourage the adoption of participatory approach in slum upgrading by government officials. While international organizations should encourage those who implement participatory approach to slum upgrading.
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Books on the topic "Urban slum"

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Slums and slum clearance in Victorian London. London: Allen & Unwin, 1986.

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Slum eradication and urban renewal. New Delhi, India: Inter-India Publications, 1985.

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Building urban safety through slum upgrading. Nairobi: UN-HABITAT, 2011.

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United Nations Human Settlements Programme. Building urban safety through slum upgrading. Nairobi: UN-HABITAT, 2011.

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Ara, Shabeen. Old age among slum dwellers. New Delhi: South Asian Publishers, 1994.

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Thorbek, Susanne. Gender and slum culture in urban Asia. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications, 1994.

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Gender and slum culture in urban Asia. London: Zed Books, 1994.

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Imparato, Ivo. Slum upgrading and participation: Lessons from Latin America. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 2003.

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Mugisha, Frederick. School enrollment among non-slum, slum, and rural children in Kenya: Is the urban advantage eroding? Nairobi, Kenya: African Population and Health Research Center, 2006.

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Ali, Sabir. Magnitude of slum problem in Delhi. New Delhi: Council for Social Development, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Urban slum"

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Shekhar, Sulochana. "Slum Identification and Validation." In The Urban Book Series, 67–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72292-0_4.

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Ding, Yannan. "Slum Tourism: Towards Inclusive Urbanism?" In Urban Informal Settlements, 119–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9202-4_6.

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Saglio-Yatzimirsky, Marie-Caroline, and Min Tang. "The aesthetics of slum?" In Aesthetic Perceptions of Urban Environments, 185–206. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429317750-15.

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Shekhar, Sulochana. "Slum Modeling for Growth Prediction." In The Urban Book Series, 91–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72292-0_5.

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Shekhar, Sulochana. "Slum Development Programs—An Overview." In The Urban Book Series, 135–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72292-0_7.

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Shekhar, Sulochana. "Slum-Spatial Decision Support System." In The Urban Book Series, 159–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72292-0_8.

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Beier, Raffael. "Revisiting Stokes’ Theory of Slums: Towards Decolonised Housing Concepts from the Global South." In The Urban Book Series, 53–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06550-7_4.

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AbstractRecently, large-scale housing programmes have experienced a revival in many countries of the Global South. They are criticised for their top-down, standardised, and supply-driven nature, which hardly meets people’s demands. At the heart of the problem lies the concept of “material decency”—a normative and shelter-centric notion of housing, inspired by colonial planning and developmentalist thought. Many African housing programmes confuse “material decency” with the demand-driven, bottom-up concept, of adequate housing. Following this, the stigmatisation of autoconstructed neighbourhoods prevails and housing is primarily reduced to a question of material shelter. Adding to significant contributions about the need for southern perspectives on urban planning, this chapter offers an alternative entry point by revisiting Stokes’ A Theory of Slums published in 1962. Interestingly, Stokes’ theory did not deal with housing directly but focused on “slum” dwellers’ socioeconomic integration and structural factors of exclusion. I argue to re-interpret Stokes’ notion of barriers to social escalation as a structural discrimination of “slum” dwellers. Such stigmatisation may be read as a major reason behind the proliferation of so-called slums. Based on the author’s fieldwork in Morocco and additional literature, the aim is to deconstruct the role of “material decency” and to offer pathways towards decolonised housing concepts from the Global South. For this purpose, the chapter suggests five cornerstones of adequate housing, namely subjectivity, non-materiality, flexibility, contextuality, and choice.
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Kapoor, Anika, and Baleshwar Thakur. "Slum Upgradation, Redevelopment and Relocation through Slum Vulnerability Assessment in Delhi." In Urban and Regional Planning and Development, 221–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31776-8_14.

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Aggrey-Korsah, Emmanuel, and Joseph Oppong. "Researching Urban Slum Health in Nima, a Slum in Accra." In Spatial Inequalities, 109–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6732-4_7.

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Shekhar, Sulochana. "Slum Housing Demand Assessment and Analysis." In The Urban Book Series, 115–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72292-0_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Urban slum"

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Sliuzas, Richard, Monika Kuffer, Caroline Gevaert, Claudio Persello, and Karin Pfeffer. "Slum mapping." In 2017 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jurse.2017.7924589.

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Hartig, Jakob, John Friesen, and Peter F. Pelz. "Spatial relations of slums: size of slum clusters." In 2019 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jurse.2019.8809051.

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Kohli, Divyani, Monika Kuffer, and Caroline M. Gevaert. "The Generic Slum Ontology: Can a Global Slum Repository be created?" In 2019 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jurse.2019.8809034.

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Friesen, John, Christoph Knoche, Jakob Hartig, Peter F. Pelz, Hannes Taubenbock, and Michael Wurm. "Sensitivity of slum size distributions as a function of spatial parameters for slum classification." In 2019 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jurse.2019.8808944.

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Kuffer, Monika, Claudio Persello, Karin Pfeffer, Richard Sliuzas, and Vinodkumar Rao. "Do we underestimate the global slum population?" In 2019 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jurse.2019.8809066.

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Mamley Osae, Erika, John Victor Mensah, David Wellington Essaw, and Rufai Kilu. "A functional support system in a bustling 24/7 economy: Perspectives on slum dwellers in Ashaiman, Ghana." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002156.

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Slums are often associated with negativities in society including social vices, thievery and arm robbery due to the unsightly nature of the settlements, characterized with filth and insanitary conditions. However, slums provide accommodation for rural-urban migrants who are unable to afford the high cost of rent due to several factors including poor housing policy by government, high rental cost, financial difficulties, unemployment and poverty. This study aims at ascertaining the functional activities and survival strategies of slum dwellers in Ashaiman Municipality in Ghana. Ashaiman is a sprawling urban settlement, parts of which exhibit characteristics of a slum. It is a home to people from many ethnic groups within and outside Ghana who are all there to eke out a living. It also provides space for well organised and recognised professional, trade, ethnic, welfare and youth associations with formal structures and support systems to ensure good governance, compliance and reward systems. This study deployed a mixed method approach to collect quantitative and qualitative data from 490 respondents and 13 key informants in two slum communities; namely; Manmomo and Tulaku within Ashaiman Municipality. Interview schedule, interview guides and focus group discussion guides were used to collect data. Appropriate techniques were used to process and analyse the data. The results showed that the slum dwellers presented varied economic potentials as they contributed to the bustling 24/7 economy. The local economy was characterised by small and micro-scale activities in the informal sector. The municipal authority generated revenue through taxation in whatever form while the slum dwellers provided a strong voting block for politicians. However, the slums also provided the opacity needed for illegal activities. The slum residents operated in an under-served location with deficits in security, infrastructure, health and environmental sanitation. The survival strategies included social safety in terms of perception of historical and traditional ties, social acceptability, social network, security and business opportunities. The diverse characteristics, capacities, tenacity arising from survival experiences, adaptability, social capital, political clout in numbers, and youthful population contribute to make the slum communities in Ashaiman a place of survival. The main argument of the study is that slum dwellers demonstrate resourcefulness, thereby debunking their association with low levels of access to productive sources. It is therefore, recommended that the central government, local government, technocrats, the private sector and civil society groups should collaborate to enhance the potentials of the slum dwellers for local level development.
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Khandkar, Shantanu, and Janhavi Khandkar. "Community Participation in Slum Rehabilitation in Mumbai, India." In IFoU 2018: Reframing Urban Resilience Implementation: Aligning Sustainability and Resilience. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ifou2018-05936.

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"Spatial Control of Sequina Slum Area in Alexandria, Egypt." In International Conference on Urban Planning, Transport and Construction Engineering. Universal Researchers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/ur.u0116319.

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Debnath, Ramit, Ronita Bardhan, and Rishee K. Jain. "A data-driven design framework for urban slum housing." In BuildSys '16: The 3rd ACM International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Built Environments. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2993422.2996406.

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Marghany, Maged. "Three-dimensional urban slum reconstruction from ENVISAT ASAR data." In 2015 International Conference on Space Science and Communication (IconSpace). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconspace.2015.7283796.

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Reports on the topic "Urban slum"

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Collins, William, and Katharine Shester. Slum Clearance and Urban Renewal in the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17458.

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Zanoni, Wladimir, Paloma Acevedo, and Hugo Hernandez. Job Market Discrimination against Slum Dwellers in Urban Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004179.

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Zanoni, Wladimir, Paloma Acevedo, and Diego Guerrero. Do Slum Upgrading Programs Impact School Attendance? Inter-American Development Bank, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003710.

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This paper analyzes how slum upgrading programs impact elementary school childrens attendance in Uruguay. We take advantage of the eligibility rule that deems slums eligible for a SUP program if they have 40 or more dwelling units. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity estimator, we find that students exposed to SUPs are 17 percent less likely to be at the 90th percentile of the yearly count of school absences. That effect appears to be driven by how SUPs impact girls. These interventions have effects that last for more than five years after their implementation. We discuss some critical urban and education policy implications of our findings.
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Sebastian, Mary, Monica Grant, and Barbara Mensch. Integrating adolescent livelihood activities within a reproductive health programme for urban slum dwellers in India. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy5.1009.

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Huntington, Dale, Mary Sebastian, Barbara Mensch, Wesley Clark, Aditya Singh, Sohini Roychowdhury, M. E. Khan, et al. Integrating adolescent livelihood activities within a reproductive health program for urban slum dwellers in India. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh4.1166.

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Islam, Touhidul, Maria Hussain, Shafiun Nahin Shimul, Rifat Islam Rupok, and S. R. Khan Orthy. Integration of Technology in Education for Marginalised Children in the Urban Slum of Dhaka City During the Covid-19 Pandemic. EdTech Hub, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53832/edtechhub.0063.

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Talukder, Md, Ubaidur Rob, and Md Rahman. Improving the quality of family planning and reproductive tract infection services for urban slum populations: Demand-based reproductive health commodity project. Population Council, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh13.1017.

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Mensch, Barbara, Monica Grant, Mary Sebastian, Paul Hewett, and Dale Huntington. The effect of a livelihoods intervention in an urban slum in India: Do vocational counseling and training alter the attitudes and behavior of adolescent girls? Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy2.1023.

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Aslam, Saba, and Megan Schmidt-Sane. Evidence Review: COVID-19 Recovery in South Asian Urban Informal Settlements. SSHAP, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.012.

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The global pandemic has brought renewed attention toward the everyday challenges in informal settlements. COVID-19 reminds us that southern urban life is rooted in ‘collective’ experiences where toilets and kitchens are shared by multiple families; where the categories of work and home, private and public space overlap; and where the majority live in vulnerable conditions. Despite these challenges, some of the most innovative and collective responses to COVID-19 have emerged from these areas. While informal settlements did face a host of risks and vulnerabilities during the pandemic, local responses have highlighted the resilience of informal settlement communities. However, few informal settlements are actually ‘resilient’ and any local responses must be robustly supported by system-wide change including support from local and national governments, improvements to built infrastructure, and improved access to health care services, among other priorities. The category of ‘informal settlements’ also captures a wide range of settlement types, from a legal slum to an informal settlement with no legal status, with many other types in between. This underscores the need to address fundamental issues that ‘perpetuate conditions of inequity, exclusion and vulnerability’ while also recognising the needs and contexts of different kinds of informal settlements. Whether COVID-19 helps governments recognise conditions of insecurity and vulnerability to address safe and secure housing and infrastructures remains to be seen. This is an update to the previous SSHAP brief on ‘COVID-19 in Informal Urban Settlements’ (March 2020). This evidence review highlights local responses, grassroots efforts, and challenges around COVID-19 recovery within urban informal settlements in South Asia. It focuses on specific examples from Karachi, Pakistan and Mumbai, India to inform policy responses for COVID-19 recovery and future epidemic preparedness and response. We show how local level responses are shaped in these cities where national and international responses have not reached communities at municipal and sub-municipal levels. This brief was written by Saba Aslam (IDS Alumni) and Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), with reviews from Professor Amita Bhide (Tata Institute of Social Sciences, India), Dr Asad Sayeed (Collective for Social Science Research, Pakistan), Annie Wilkinson (IDS), and contributions from Swati Mishra (LSHTM), Prerana Somani (LSHTM), Saleemullah Odho (Deputy Commissioner, Korangi district Karachi), Dr Noman Ahmed (NED University, Karachi), Tahera Hasan (Imkaan Foundation, Karachi), Atif Khan (District Health Officer, Korangi district Karachi), Dr Harris (District Focal person, Korangi), Aneeta Pasha (Interactive for Research and Development, Karachi), Yasmeen Shah (Pakistan Fisherfolk Forum), Ghulam Mustafa (HANDS Pakistan), and Dr Shehrin Shaila Mahmood (icddr,b). This brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Morrison, Laura, Anushah Hossain, Myles Elledge, Brian Stoner, and Jeffrey Piascik. User-Centered Guidance for Engineering and Design of Decentralized Sanitation Technologies. RTI Press, June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.rb.0017.1806.

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Technological innovations in sanitation are poised to address the great need for sanitation improvements in low-income countries. Worldwide, more than 2.4 billion people lack access to improved sanitation facilities. Innovative waste treatment and sanitation technologies aim to incorporate user-centered findings into technology engineering and design. Without a focus on users, even the most innovative technology solutions can encounter significant barriers to adoption. Drawing on a household survey conducted in urban slum communities of Ahmedabad, India, this research brief identifies toilet and sanitation preferences, amenities, and attributes that might promote adoption of improved sanitation technologies among potential user populations. This work uses supplemental insights gained from focus groups and findings from the literature. Based on our research, we offer specific guidance for engineering and design of sanitation products and technologies.
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