Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Urbanisme – Paris (France)'
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Rossi, Pauline. "L'Est parisien : genèse d'une reconquête (1919-1975)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040073.
Full textMost historians described the master plan established in 1983, in Paris, as the first attempt to reshape the Eastern part of the town. From the turn of the 19th century to the 1970's, the districts east of the city were considered as the realm of industry, of workers and cheap housing. These districts did not match the overall prestige of the French capital and their development was miserably lagging behind the rest of the city : public spaces as well as buildings and urban planning could not bear comparison with the luxury of the Western districts, not to mention the city centre. However, between 1919, when urban planning received a new impetus, and 1975, when the developers and the public understood the real value of the underestimated neighbourhoods, the districts east of the city were occasionally rebuilt. During this process, one often stressed the destruction resulting from a modernization process effort. It is time to reassess the full consequences of the last century
Lemoine, Bertrand. "Les passages couverts en France /." Paris : Délégation à l'action artistique, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36202988r.
Full textFayt, Thierry. "Les dimensions villageoises à Paris : de la "petite banlieue" du XIXe siècle à la ville actuelle." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100010.
Full textWhat happened to the villages of the "Petite suburb" of 1800s in the Paris of today ? And, through the metaphor for "village" which they ca meet, what transfigurent realities in the city of tomorrow, face the growing strength of Local revealing an inspiration citizen to the decision making closer to the ground ? Especially when here the historicity, the symbolic and myths are confused to join the Parisian topical in the transcendent through a space ownership, or even social, in the identity can not always clear and in the collective mobilizations sometimes very ambiguous. Is it real attachment to a place of life and/or to a community restricted ? Or this concept is have a friendly heat to no other such who would put welle over the contingencies of material life and of urban cleavages. . . ? In any case even if this idea of "village" falls with in the challenge in a city as Paris, the hypocrisy pragmatic when it serves the economic and political interests, the "between it self" when it cristallise around the social ownership, the dimension or rather the dimensions villageoises ar not less concrete in the places. Objects of love and lusts, these spaces to heritage value evoke, through the reference to "village" of questions which deserve our interest because they refe indirectly to the city and its role bearer of democracy and citizenship. It is by the approach of everyday life fraught stories and images past and present of fifteen villages and places-expressed the villages ceinturant the Paris of the first half of the 19th century who join and be singularisent inspiration to the present residents, that the author trying to paind a vivid portrait of places and to decrypt some multiple facets hiding behind this label "villagers". One such that goes welle beyond their single social and history by adding to that of the "big city" surrounding them
Gaillard, Jeanne Bourillon Florence Pinol Jean-Luc. "Paris, la ville : 1852-1870 /." Paris : l'Harmattan, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb406262614.
Full textTalatchian, Mortéza. "Etude comparative de quelques aspects du développement des agglomérations parisienne et moscovite." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010539.
Full textGresillon, Lucile. "Sentir Paris : bien-être et valeur des lieux." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010674.
Full textRoux, Simone. "Le quartier de l'Université à Paris du XIIIe au XVe siècle : étude urbaine." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100103.
Full textThe left bank in Paris, in the 13th century, shows a time when traces from the rural past (vineyards, barns, lands without building) are vanishing while urbanization is in full process. The ecclesiastical seigniories (among which Sainte-Genevieve abbey is a fine illustration) must adapt to the new urban world but their adaptation is late. Concerning the 14th and 15th centuries, this research work is more thematic: first, the common houses, streets, signs; then, the ordinary population (people engaged in catering or in every kinds of trade and craft, masters and students, clergy and legal profession) who are the agents of urban dymamism; at last, the realty market (sale of buildings, sale of loans based on the buildings). In synthesizing those three analyses, we have found an urban system which remains basically a seigniorial system. The house-holders are stile dependent, even though, since the 13th century, they won a large autonomy for making the most of the urban real estate, and even though they increased this autonomy after the serious urban crisis in the first middle of the 15th century
Toriumi, Motoki. "Les promenades de Paris de la Renaissance à l'époque haussmannienne : esthétique de la nature dans l'urbanisme parisien." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0040.
Full textDebofle, Pierre. "La Politique d'urbanisme de la ville de Paris sous la Restauration." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37597039s.
Full textCohen, Évelyne. "Paris dans l'imaginaire national (1918-1934)." Paris 1, 1996. http://books.openedition.org/psorbonne/1236.
Full textLetissier, Fanny. "Les temps de l'urbanité : habiter le patrimoine à Paris." Reims, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REIML002.
Full textAn original conceptual and methodological reflection has been realised to understand the new social practices and representations of urbanity. This research settled on the urban logics of conservation and change, through an heritage’s point of view ; this one can be considered as a contemporary space and time indicator. First of all, a thougt about the actual conception of heritage has been made, then a detailed ground investigation has been realised in Paris. To avoid the cut of this concept, the notions of continuity and project have been of practices, representations, desires and identities of permanent and non permanent inhabitants of Paris made up our methodology. Moreover, it was essential to extract to the dichotomy of old places/new places to apprehend urban places and the city, as spaces with different temporal systems which consider to urban heritage as a progress contributing to urban making. This thesis demonstrates that a common heritage grows up in urban space and that a positive assessment of contemporaneous urbanity reflects past and future times of urbanity. In this way, the city by itself, through the inhabitant’s assessments represents an heritage by the end
Murugo, Georges-Jacques. "La valeur de signe en urbanisme ou la dimension humaine dans la ville." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040200.
Full textHow did the developers responsible for creating the Paris-La Défense district succeed in creating a world-class business centre yet fail so strikingly in their efforts to create a convivial residential area in which inhabitants enjoy satisfactory quality-of-life? How can town planners achieve a positive “representation” for a site? What are the “urban symbols” to which city-dwellers aspire? To answer these questions, the urban environment is analysed from the dual standpoint of value in use and symbolic value, i. E. What people perceive as having a material or immaterial value. Thus, the symbol represents the human dimension in urban design. The first symbols were created by the city authorities in the 1960s, when initiatives where taken to clear the slums around Nanterre and to rehouse residents in so-called “temporary public housing developments”. Agencies were set up to manage these housing developments. Maslow's grid can be used to categorise the reaction of the North African immigrant community to these symbols. The study provides a working conception of both cities: the physical city and the imaginary city, which represents the human perception of the urban environment. The town planner must quantify the needs of the imaginary city in order to define technical specifications for the physical city. The developers responsible for La Défense correctly assessed the needs of large corporations, thereby ensuring the district's successful development as a business centre. However, they were not as successful in determining the needs of the population, and this led to their failure in subsequent social housing developments
Leitner, Patrick. "Entre Paris et New York : dynamiques d'échange pour transformer la métropole : 1858-1926." Paris 8, 2009. http://portaildocumentaire.citechaillot.fr/search.aspx?SC=theses&QUERY=cour+ouverte#/Detail/%28query:%28Id:%270_OFFSET_0%27,Index:1,NBResults:1,PageRange:3,SearchQuery:%28CloudTerms:!%28%29,ForceSearch:!t,Page:0,PageRange:3,QueryString:leitner,ResultSize:10,ScenarioCode:theses,ScenarioDisplayMode:display-standard,SearchLabel:%27%27,SearchTerms:leitner,SortField:!n,SortOrder:0,TemplateParams:%28Scenario:%27%27,Scope:%27%27,Size:!n,Source:%27%27,Support:%27%27%29%29%29%29.
Full textBased on the principle that cities are well aware of their own position, this thesis shows how two world cities, Paris and New York, built their physical public space by interacting one with the other. This takes place in the late 19th century and the early 20th century. The particular dynamics of this relationship is due to the fact that, first Paris, then New York, is the foremost model of urban modernity. By studying, on both sides, the reciprocal knowledge, the expressions of urban desires, rejections and ambitions as well as urban visions in regards to the other city, this thesis reconstructs a complicated and passionate history. To do this, it analyses texts and images from the professional sphere of architects and engineers as well as from the public sphere and the art world. The history between Paris and New York, thanks to the reversal of one model toward the other, gives a new insight in the more generally cultural aspects that both world cities associate with the modernity of either one. It is a history where the desires and obstacles lead to a far more complexe relationship to modernity itself. Only superficially symmetrical, this relationship is, in fact, profoundly asymmetrical
Corbillé, Sophie. "Vivre ensemble et séparés dans les quartiers nord-est de Paris : ethnologie d'un nouveau monde urbain." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0313.
Full textThe neighbourhoods of the north-east of Paris, organised around suburban streets and former villages, have for several years now been undergoing a process of gentrification. Within this context has emerged an urban « world » in the sense of a social space which is coherent in the eyes of certain people, amongst whom the new middle and upper social classes. The aim of this thesis in the anthropology of the familiar is to analyse this world, that is, the specific behaviour patterns of the players who enter it. The observation of diverse situations highlights three logical forms of behaviour: the search for a unique urban environment, different to any other; participation in devices which favour « doing things together » with interaction in three forms, the urban player, the friend and the inhabitant; and the practice of generalised ethnology. These forms of action constitute the different ways to organise social relations/relationships and consequently to live together and separately
Bahk, Hyun-Chan. "L'îlot institutionnel à Paris : projets, formation des édifices publics et art urbain au XIXe siècle." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010556.
Full textAuzary, Bernadette. "Fluctuat nec mergitur : la Prévôté des Marchands et l'urbanisme parisien au XVe siècle d'après la jurisprudence du Parlement (1380-1500)." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040027.
Full textThis study concerning the provostship's activity in Parisian town planning matters during the XVth century results of the civil decisions of the parliament of Paris. The investigation is based on the "reconstituted file" doctained by gathering the different types of sources found in the various records: "arrêts et juges, plaidoiries, decisions du conseil et accords". During the XVth century, the provostship has been progressively invested which the totality of the town's management. The merchant institution, born in the wealth of the XIIIth century, will have to deal with a war economy. Although she had been created to preserve the merchant class' privileges, her destination will be totally different during the XVth century : the merchant activity being relegated to a position of secondary importance, all efforts are at that moment concentrated on the defense of the town against the English threat. New attributions will appear which are going to change her nature and composition considerably: jurists are largely substituting for the merchants. The study of the litigation concerning town planning matters in which the municipality is involved shows clearly the seizure of the state service on merchant institution. This substitution of personnel testifies in fact a profound transformation of the provostship which will, at the conclusion of that difficult period, become a real town council
Navarrete, Escobedo David. "La ville globale touristique : réflexion urbanistique sur les effets du tourisme urbain à Paris et Mexico." Thesis, Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST3009.
Full textBenech, Philippe. "La nouvelle politique d'aménagement et d'urbanisme à Paris : l'exemple des projets relatifs aux nouvelles ZAC." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040303.
Full textThe policy for city renovation engaged by the paris city around the fifties, found its origin in a trend of fast economic growth conditions. This policy has given birth in priority to the modernization of the parisian real estate basis and the construction of many residences. From 1975, a new policy in space organisation and urbanism, based on more diversificated options is appeared. This report's try to analyse the main objectives in space management and particulary concerning :. The problems linked to lodging and lodging again ; the preservation and the development of industrial, artisan and commercial activities ; the integration of buildings in the urban texture ; the aspects of renovation and rehabilitation ; the strongthening of public equipments, cultural and hobby ones ; the creation of green spaces and pedestrian passages. The new policy in space organisation and urbanism in paris find today its frame from these criteria and through the creation of z. A. C. 's. In addition, the aim of this report is to analyse that parisian z. A. C. 's policy by taking the particular exemples of operations planned or realized in the "z. A. C. Des amandiers", in the 20th arrondissement by an organism "s. E. M. E. A. Xv" tool of this important operation. . In a first step, this survey draws the z. A. C. 's policy and the reglementation inside them and states exemples of such operations in paris. .
Endelstein, Lucine. "Une géographie du renouveau religieux : judaïsme et expérience urbaine en quartier cosmopolite : Paris, 19e arrondissement." Poitiers, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008POIT5006.
Full textThis thesis explores how religious revival takes part in urban changes, by the emergence of new religious places, of new uses of space, and sometimes of new neighbourhoods. On Paris, since the 1990's, the 19th district concentrates the highiest number of jewish places. As it is marginally a district of jewish immigration, it leads to investigate the role of religion in the construction of new centralities and in the urban experience. This research used qualitative methods, by interviewing actors of the jewish religious revival and non-jewish inhabitants, by observing the uses of space linked to religious observance, and by analyzing the multiple forms of visibility of judaism. By describing the grouping processes that associate religious, residential and commercial aspects, we could show that these recomposed neighbourhoods are not a spatial traduction of a community unity. On the contrary, they proceed from the diversity within the group, and they are discontinuous and loose spaces
Yamazaki-Jamin, Harumi. "Jean-Jacques Rousseau et Paris." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040207.
Full textTurcot, Laurent. "Le promeneur à Paris au XVIIIe siècle : construction d'une figure sociale." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0083.
Full textAt the begining of the 17th century, Parisian high society engaged in "honnete" promenade. A preserve of the elite, this promenade in all its civility, was a fashionable social ritual. It allowed a stroller to "see", and, most importantly, "to be seen". Yet, at the end of the century, various disruptions set in motion the construction of a new form of promenade. Casting aside the rules of modern civility, this new promenade granted a newly individualized and subjective relationship between the stroller and the city. This transformation of the strollers' appreciation for and perception of the city was made possible by the establishment of a new social role : the urban stroller. The act of promenading allows the stroller to take in the city all the while granting a sense of autonomy. There is an individualization of both the practice of promenading and of the urban space. There is an intersection, complementarity and mutual influence between the theory and practice of the promenade. This allows us to understand the genesis of the urban behavior of the stroller
Mermet, Anne-Cécile. "Commerce et patrimoine dans les centres historiques : vers un nouveau type d'espace de consommation." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010692.
Full textAmiri, Hekmat. "Planification du logement et de l’urbanisme : étude comparative des villes nouvelles de Karadj (Téhéran) et de Cergy-Pontoise (Paris)." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100056.
Full textCertain cities were born from an preconceived idea, those to build buildings according to a preliminary plan; others are spontaneous. The first generally reached first blow their structure final, were maintained there, reabsorbed there, or more rarely, extended; in this last case, the extensions being out of the preconceived limits are not any more in the character of the initial plan. Our research has thus as an main object to analyze work of town planning and production of housing with Karadj. The study aims at describing the laws and the models necessary to carry out a suitable, comfortable and modern housing in a pleasant and effective city. In our research, we study housing and its difficulties, and mainly in Karadj. We associate that some of these complications come from the lack of laws and a code of updated town planning. Moreover, the regulation applied in constructions of the buildings in Iran is not well defined. Precisely, we approach in approach the planning of housing for units of residences through which the space changes in the city are considered to satisfy the requirement in residences. As housing is an important urban subsystem, the planning of residences is also regarded as a subsystem of the city planning. By observing an successful experience of planning of city in Europe and particularly in France, research in the scientific environment of France will help us, we hope for it to better gain the desired results. For this reason we studied housing in Cergy-Pontoise and Karadj. We compare the cities to be able to leave a dynamic model in housing it. It is the objective even of our thesis: of a university work to beyond provide elements for the improvement of the town planning and the living conditions in our country
Debofle, Pierre. "La politique d'urbanisme de la ville de Paris sous la Restauration." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040172.
Full textDuring the 19th century, Haussmann was not the only man who transformed Paris and changed deeply the aspect of the French capital. Before him, indeed, several public works were realized during the reigns of king Louis XVIII and king Charles X. These public works, however, were often decided and undertaken by napoleon and his government and unfinished when he was obliged to abdicate. Such is the subject of this thesis, consisting of three parts: the first part is a description of Paris between 1814 and 1830, and of all the problems of a great city. The second part examines the conditions of city-planning: conceptions, institutions, rules and laws, financing, building sites and materials. The third part makes a survey of achieved public works with a special place for private initiatives. Documents and records, lists of alinements of streets and new roads, maps and illustrations, and a general index complete the text
Flonneau, Mathieu. "L'automobile à la conquête de Paris, 1910-1977 : formes urbaines, champs politiques et représentations." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010507.
Full textBaek, Seungman. "La ville écologique et le sentiment de la nature : une anthropologie des capitales d'Asie orientale à travers deux modèles, Changan et Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0104.
Full textLidgi, Sylvie. "L' action publique urbaine : le "modèle" du 20e arrondissement de Paris." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081914.
Full textGimbal, Julie. "L’architecture de grande hauteur à Paris (1893-1973) : débats et hypothèses autour d’une spécificité française." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL152.
Full textHigh-rise architecture raises a whole set of urban mythologies and historical constructions that, indefinitely, value its symbolic dimensions or debate its definition, its place of birth and its place in modern times. The skyscraper, the tower are objects of fascination often taken in the frame of great narratives which, by noting the most striking manifestations, omit the minor traces which are so fundamental echoes of the emission and the reception of architecture, likely to rebalance the speeches. Thanks to a large body of works and sources, this research project aims to understand the ideological and urban situation of high-rise architecture in Paris, its emergence in the French opinion in 1893 (World Fair of Chicago) to its condemnation in the early 1970s, under the action of convergent criteria: Olivier Guichard's Circular of March 21, 1973 (Tours and Barres) and the stop of the towers proclaimed a year later by the president of the Republic Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Naturel, Véronique. "L'appropriation de l'espace du quartier : étude sur les classes moyennes et supérieures de l'agglomération parisienne en habitat collectif." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H017.
Full textThe concept of place appropriation is defined in this research in the context of a transactional model of the relationships between man and the environment as composed of three facets : cognitive, behavioral and affective. It describes the particular relationships between a person and a place having a specific importance in his life. Principal results show that localisation of the residential quarter (suburb versus city center) have an important effect on the intensity of activities in the quarter and the richness of its spatial representation, and that length of residence and life cycle position strongly influence local sociability. The hypothesis of the existence of a place identity structured by the past and the projects of the person and getting in transaction with his present residential environment is confirmed by the determinant effect of the residential history of the individual on the affective facet of the appropriation. The close link between personal and historic times and place appropriation can also be found in the fact that the existence of a social memory of the place seems to facilitate the affective attachment of its inhabitants
Faure, Alexandre. "Les temporalités politiques et urbanistiques du Grand Paris : bâtir une métropole hors-norme." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH155.
Full textThe metropolization of Paris, as well as the legal status of the French capital, remains singular in the French political landscape. During the 2000s and the 2010s, two visions of the metropolization process simultaneously emerged: a political or administrative definition and a planning one. They were linked, on the one hand, to a national program to support economic growth and , on the other hand, to a local vision of metropolitan governance. The Grand Paris' law passed in 2010 tried to conciliate these two divergent definitions. The political or administrative metropolization gave rise to a new institution inaugurated in 2016 (Métropole du Grand Paris). The planning and economic vision of metropolization was materialized by a new strategic plan of public transport comprising a metro belt around Paris. The first works also began in 2016 by t. Yet, this research shows that although these two projects are simultaneous, they did not depend on the same field of experience and did not produce the same horizon of expectation. This PhDH thesis aims to study the divergence between the urban scheme's temporalities and the political process' one in order to explain how the metropolization of Paris reflect a change of historicity. Paris' metropolitan dynamics have not only transformed the articulation of spatial scales (from local to global), but also of temporal scales. Indeed, short terms decisions are tangled with intermediate and long term processes of urban planning and path dependency of public policies and institutions.This PhD thesis aims to better comprehend the political and urban planning temporalities. To this end, it combines public policies analyze and the study of the different stakeholders, their roles and reciprocal influences. Furthermore, the research shows the path dependence of policies in a context of institutional reforms (MAPAM and NOTRe). Finally, It contributes to better understand the political configuration, pulled between a local political configuration and a transportation scheme co-financed by the region and the national government
Méraud, Nathalie. "Patrimoine et Plan local d'urbanisme à Paris : A nouvelles protections, nouveaux patrimoines ? (2001-2006)." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070040.
Full textOctober 2001, the city of Paris creates the concept of the Local Plan of Urban Planning (LPUP), in replacement of the older Occupation Plan of Grounds. The LPUP must determine the use and occupation of grounds for the next ten to twenty years. Due to the evolution of the concept of heritage on one of the hand, and urban politics on the other hand, the LPUP of Paris, in accordance to the article L. 123-1 §7° of the Town Planning code, can now identify and protect the built heritage. The city invites Parisians, in particular via the new district Council and residents associations, to take part in the construction of LPTP. In June 2006, at the conclusion of a vast dialogue and public Survey which follows, it is not less than 6000 goods that are protected under the title of « Protections Ville de Paris » (Protections from the City of Paris) (PVP). These goods, because they where reported important regarding the history of Parisian architecture, will have to be valorized. Moreover, they're demolition is forbidden by the rule of LPUP. These 6000 PVP are to be brought closer to 1800 other goods already protected under the title of Historical Monuments in Paris. If these last named goods are recognized as most prestigious, and of a national scale, the PVP as put in value an heritage, admittedly local and more modest, but which the participation to the construction of Paris is obvious
Zanini, Laura. "Les ordres mendiants dans l'histoire de l'urbanisme de Paris : les couvents médiévaux de la rive gauche." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040190.
Full textThe goal of this work is to examine the development of the convent buildings of the main mendicant orders with relation to the development of the medieval urban structure. The first part of the thesis provides a historical and methodological context whereas the second part analyses the development of convents in the 13th and 15th centuries and the important role of mendicant friars in the organization of large urban areas. The architectural patrimony of the mendicants has been almost completely lost. For this reason in the last part of the thesis we have analyzed the last two centuries of urban development using the ancient maps of Paris with the support of historical documents. The observation of the ancient structures in transparency through the present map of Paris leads to new interesting observation
Min, You-Ki. "La réforme de l'habitat populaire dans la région parisienne, 1870-1914 : anthropologie historique des logements sociaux." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0130.
Full textIn a perspective of historical anthropology this thesis analyse the whole factors formning the popular housing reform from 1870 to 1914 : the condition of the popular housing, the conducts determined by the housing, the legislative and administrative foundations of the social housing, the origins of the HBM societies and their constructions, public establishments and the associations which supported this reform, the speech of the bourgeoisie class which is directed to this reform, the positions of the socialists regarding their politics, the question of the state's function and the private initiative in the reform, the norms and the rules reclaimed for the social housing, the organisation of the space in the H. B. M. Being at once conservative and progressive, the popular housing reform is the result of sociocultural strategies for the social integration and segregation which arrived to make practice with the harmonious technique in control of the mass society, around the domestic spaces
Gurvil, Clément. "Les paysans de Paris du milieu du XVe siècle au début du XVIIe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0049.
Full textIn the 16th century, Paris and [its] extensions outside the walls ("faubourg", land and parisches) accommodate plenty of peasants. Quite well integrated into the life of the city, they participate in public celebrations, are involved in local vigilante groups, get married and go to mass with other Parisians. Besides, they act as go between urban and rural worlds : while ploughing fields, vineyards and market gardens they own or rent, they supply the city with food. However, from the end of the end of Hundred Year's War to the reign of Henri IV, the face of parisian landscape has deeply changed. Indeed, the spreading estates, leaving less space for farming area, compel the peasants to adapt or go. As a result, gardeners replaced husbandmen, and gardens, cereal fields
Idt, Joël. "Le pilotage des projets d’aménagement urbain : entre technique et politique : une analyse basée sur les cas de Paris, Lille et Chartres." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083773.
Full textIn urban planning project management, differences between what results from politics and what from techniques are more indeterminate than it appears at first glance. Technical experts and bureaucrats, from the numerous institutions involved in local policies, are not just obeying orders of elected representatives. Like the latter, they can find breathing spaces in decision-making process. Limits between technical experts’ and elected representatives’ agency may evolve. Above all, interactions between technical experts and elected representatives, turn out to be decisive in the way the management of this specific form of public action, the project, get organized and beyond, in urban governance working. Based on the study of relationships between techniques and politics, this research is setting up a frame of reference to analyze urban planning project management, through comparison of several French urban planning projects, notably Paris Nord-Est, the Zone de l’Union in Roubaix-Tourcoing-Wattrelos, and Cœur de Ville in Chartres
Biraud-Burot, Isabelle. "Étudier la ville à travers le prisme de la végétation : nouvelles pratiques, nouveaux apports de la télédétection : Montréal et Paris, terrains d'expérimentation." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040045.
Full textThe city is a miscellany of both constructions and vegetation, generally considered through buildings only : our methodology will propose to tackle it through the vegetal side. However, such an approach means to take tree into account from the city centre to the periphery : satellite imagery is then the only appropriate tool, as it allows to monitor both spatial and environmental distribution of built areas, leading to detection of nearly all part of vegetation overlapped inside. But image processing is restricted due its relatively low spatial resolution when using pertinent sensors; our goal is to overcome such limits by considering overlapping of vegetal and built materials as a constant and developing an easily reusable methodology notwithstanding imagery or cities involved. Development of this methodology was built using specific information on urban vegetation provided by images. In order to get a better understanding of imagery-related information regarding urban areas, specific cities and images have been used, respectively Montreal and Paris and LANDSAT TM and SPOT 4. The same procedure has been applied to both images, with 10-class unsupervised classification, first on raw channels then focusing on various classes due to spatial or radiometric criteria. Classification was followed by a deeper investigation of the results and to a comparable statistical and graphical
Harford, Marie Diane. "La ségrégation spatiale à Paris dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17655.
Full textOllagnier, Claire. "Petites maisons suburbaines au XVIIIe siècle : du pavillon d'agrément au pavillon d'habitation (1750-1810)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010736.
Full textCharvet, Marie. "De l'hygiénisme à l'urbanisme : la question des fortifications de Paris de 1880 à 1919." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://books.openedition.org/pur/17312.
Full textMy ph d dissertation deals with the debates about the fate of paris' last fortification between 1880 and 1919. From this example, i intend to study the birth of urbanism and its hygienist roots. The first part is concerned with the formation of hygienist and urbanist +common senses;. I pay special attention to the nationalist dimension of both hygienism and urbanism. The debates about paris' fortification shows that nationalism is one of the threads which link hygienism and urbanism together : from 1880 to 1919, all the actors involved in the debates share the same design to solve a specifically national issue : the lack of space in paris and more generally in french large cities. In the second part, i study more specifically the actors involved in the debates, from paris +conseillers municipaux; to social reformers of the +musee social;'s +section d'hygiene;. Especially, i explain the role played by society people, with their concern for +open spaces; in the birth of urbanism
Pradella, Sébastien. "Gouverner le sol urbain : la production comparée des politiques foncières à Paris et à Bruxelles." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0027.
Full textProperty and land use in European cities are covered by a large amount of public activities such as urban planning or building projects for residential or business development. However, the comparison carried out between Paris and Brussels, two metropolis chosen for their contextual similarities, shows the contrast between those cities regarding the governance and the making-process of their land policies. This difference in public policy trajectory, and therefore in urban development, stems from the institutionalization effects that follow each other during a long process to constrain the strategies and interests of urban capitalist investors, political and administrative actors and movements or advocacy group that defend the urban built environment. This dissertation proposes to apply an historical institutionalism framework never elaborated before in this structuring policy domain for cities. Thus, the hypothesis states that the main institutions – emerged from the 19th century – of land ownership and real estate development capitalism have strengthened the role of venture capitalists as the implementation's drivers of urban land policies. In later stages, institutional arrangements of the mixed economy and urban regeneration have been generated on basis of the existing framework. To go further in causalities mapping, we shed light on two sets of social mechanisms: namely institutional ones (activation or specification of rules) and interactions centered ones (interdependence between segments of the state and adjustment between economic interests and the predatory behavior of urban government)
Duranel, Guillaume. "Les conventions de l'Architecture au prisme du dispositif du Grand Paris." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1275.
Full textThe 2008 consultation called “l’avenir du Paris métropolitain, le grand pari de l’agglomération parisienne” was organized by the French Bureau of Research in Architecture, Urbanism and Landscape at President Nicolas Sarkozy’s request. Ten teams were gathered, led by architects and composed of professionals and researchers working on urban studies. In 2010, those teams were asked to join the “Scientific Comity” of the “Atelier International du Grand Paris” (AIGP) which was created especially for them to continue their work. In 2012, five more teams joined the AIGP. They worked together until 2016. Therefore, as the government launched action to transform and develop the Île-de-France area (creating a Secretary of State dedicated to that purpose, creating a development company tasked with the creation of a new metro network, and voting three laws …), a group of professionals and researchers worked for eight years to produce a “prospective diagnosis” for the Parisian metropolitan area. For which specific skills were they hired? In the context of this political request, how did those teams work and what did they produce?
Gey, Adrien. "L'évolution des rapports ville nature dans la pensée et la pratique aménagistes : la consultation internationale du Grand Paris." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01002384.
Full textZylberberg, Laurent. "De la région de Paris à l'Ile-de-France : construction d'un espace politique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992IEPP0009.
Full textThe local political-administrative system in the Ile-de-France is something very specific. The regional institutions were inherited from an administrative structure : wich began from the "delegation general and finally became the district de la region de paris". The idea of a regional political territory slowly emerged from the notion of regional development. The creation of the district at the beginning of the 60's marked a rupture in the principles of the regional development of the ile-de-france. This new institution is based on a particular type of administration as well as the collaboration of technical personnel. The schedule of regional planning published in 1965, overhauled in 1969 ans 1975 stressed the necessary growth of the paris region. The designing of the new departments in 1964 as well as the development of the new towns, are the foundation of these new principles. In fact, the repartition of the powers in the region is reflected in the story of the development of the paris region. Moreover the repercussions of which are reflected on political organisations (SFIO, PCF). This study tries to show the different stages of the building of a political space and the specificities of the Ile-de-France in the french local political-administrative system
Descat, Sophie. "Deux architectes-urbanistes dans l'Europe des Lumières : Pierre-Louis Moreau et George Dance à Paris et à Londres (1763-1815)." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010671.
Full textSeillan, Fabienne. "Jean-Benoît-Vincent Barré (1735-1824) : un architecte parisien à l'époque du retour à l'antique." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010671.
Full textGórczyńska, Magdalena. "Zmiany zróznicowan spolecznych i przestrzennych w wybranych dzielnicach Warszawy i aglomeracji paryskiej : dynamika i aktorzy." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010569.
Full textAbout, de Chastenet Cedissia. "Contribution pour la caractérisation d'un "Paysage urbain durable" dans les opérations d'aménagement à Paris." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1132.
Full textIf it seems evident, since a few decades, to protect the architectural heritage during renewal operations or urban planning, the environmental protection is a much more recent preoccupation and has become an imperative only since the emergence of the concept of sustainable development in the 1990s. Through these two themes, i.e. the heritage and the environment, the landscaped quality of the urban projects always seems to be implicit in every regulations, steps or specifications of the operations of development without, however, being explicitly quoted as an objective to be reached. This research suggests to connect both notions of townscape, linked to the protection of the heritage, and sustainable development, including beside the social and the economic aspect the question of the environment, in order not to neglect, under pretext of "making" sustainable districts, the landscaped incidences.The historic and statutory analysis of the term of townscape, whose validity has already been demonstrated on the Parisian territory, together with some reflections on the emergence of the notion of sustainable development in the Parisian administration, led us to evoke a new representation of the "ideal" city as the origin of new urban forms. Finally, the detailed study of three sustainable projects of development, allowed us to identify new ways of monitoring in which the initiatives of sustainable development and evaluation play an increasing role. The consideration of the landscaped quality, as contributing to the "manufacturing" of sustainable townscapes and sustainable urban project, seems already acquired by the actors even if it doesn't yet appear clearly, until these days, in the monitoring of the operations. This research develops the first elements of an answer in order to consider and evaluate urban landscaped quality as a real objective in the conception, realization and maintenance of sustainable districts
Gravereau, Sophie. "Artistes de Belleville : entre monde de l'art et territoires urbains." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0096.
Full textRecent studies have highlighted the role of artists in the social and urban evolution of certain neighbourhood of big cities: artists are often considered to be the instigators or even the main actors of the renewal of these areas which were previously mostly working-class districts. Artists deciding to move to Belleville, a former working-class area in north-east Paris, have progressively changed the face of the neighbourhood. Architecturally they have participated in the renovation of numerous run down industrial buildings, sometimes with the help of local associations and then the local government. Economically, artists established in the former boutiques of artisans have sometimes led to the transformation of the commercial landscape of certain roads in the neighbourhood. Finally, from a sociological point of view, the presence of artists, has promoted the district through artistic attractions and the organisation of cultural events, thus contributing to the transformation of the local fabric and encouraging a new, wealthier population to settle in the area. This local role, promoted by the numerous artistic associations of artists in Belleville, is also supported by the local government as it seeks an additional way to put the finishing touches to its policy of urban renewal in the working class neighbourhoods. These artistic associations have been instrumental in both the urban and social renewal, nevertheless they are often forgotten in artistic and cultural politics. The artists of Belleville therefore wonder what is at stake in this new urban role which calls into question their status as creators and their artistic identity. The aim of this thesis is to clarify the implications of being an artist in Belleville nowadays and the ways in which they have participated, actively or passively, in the evolution and transformation of the neighbourhood
Billier, Dominique. "L'artiste au coeur des politiques urbaines pour une sociologie des ateliers-logements à Paris et en Ile-de-France." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN21019/document.
Full textThroughout the long and complex odyssey the artist has been traversing from the times of Ancient Greece to the present day his studio has been much more than just a site for work. If for a certain time it had been the place where images for religious and political practices were created allowing the artist to distinguish himself from the craftsman, his studio, located in the proximity of the royal courts or of the Vatican, had become a token of artistic activity but above all of his membership as a citizen of the township and of the society. When in early 19th century the artists, members of the Academy, were expelled from the Grand Gallery of Louvre it signified for them a liberation of their ties with the Academy and opened a new way to be part of the urban milieu. As a consequence, the artists had to settle «in town« the elite of them choosing to find foothold in the neighbourhoods inhabited by the bourgeoisie of business activities. The less fortunate popular strata, including the unrecognized artists, had to move away from the massive transformations of the urban infrastructure imposed by baron Haussman on the city of Paris. At the same time, Paris continued to attract artists from abroad. At the end of the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th century, the newly attached Montmartre and Montparnasse became the favoured neighbourhoods gathering artists living in improvised quarters. Inspired by the philanthropic initiatives benefiting the working population, the City of Paris started constructing between the wars social lodgings for employees and workers at the city's gates. This activity marked by solidarity was extended to include also painters and sculptors. It received new momentum in the 1960's by the Ministry of Culture in form of the actions it undertook in favour of artists. These activities were a concrete expression of the policy of the welfare state promoting the artists. In the housing renovation programmes in Paris and the nearby suburbs the construction of residential studios for artists was included in numerous social housing projects. A residential studio in the urban context became a basis of recognition for the professional artist
Giraud, Colin. "Sociologie de la gaytrification : identités homosexuelles et processus de gentrification à Paris et Montréal." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20096/document.
Full textThis research is focused on the role of gay men towards gentrification. The word “gaytrification” refers to process of gentrification that involves, by different ways, gay men. In french sociology, the role of this “gay factor” has been much neglected and very rarely studied. This research deals with urban sociology but also with sociology of homosexuality. Considering different empirical datas based on statistics, interviews, archives and observations, we can understand the way that gay men improved the value of urban space and the quality of local lifestyles in two different contexts: le Marais (Paris) and le Village (Montreal). These questions are explored since the end of the 60’s. The first part of our dissertation is focused on theoretical issues and methodology about gaytrification: how can we analyze this specific form of “urban renaissance”? The second step of this research articulates different forms of gay involvement towards gentrification of le Marais and le Village since 70’s: gay business and pink economy, lifestyles and symbolic presence of gay men in the neighborhood, housing market and residential issues. The third part analyzes daily life of gay men that lives, or have lived, in these neighborhoods. We show how they gentrify urban space by different ways: social and life trajectories, social and local relations, habits and lifestyles. The last part of the research introduces the reverse of previous results. A new question appears because gaytrification deals not only about how people transform urban spaces but also about how urban space can transform people and identities. In fact, interviews with gay men show how le Marais and le Village can socialize them in a special way