Journal articles on the topic 'Urbanization Case studiesIndonesia Jakarta'

Informal settlements have become one of the most important issues facing urban areas in Indonesia. The emergence of informal settlements, called ‘kampungs’, in Jakarta has accompanied the rapid urbanization, and it has become more serious in recent decades. This paper evaluates the urban status of informal settlements in Jakarta. The methods used include a comparative analysis of three case studies in North Jakarta: A. Kampung Bandan; B. Kampung Luar Batang; and C. Kampung Muara Baru. This paper founds that upgrading these settlements must be in accordance with a comprehensive plan that includes priority improvements. The paper proposes integrating the local community into informal area improvement processes because they are aware of their actual needs.

Urbanization is changing land use–land cover (LULC) transforming green spaces (GS) and bodies of water into built-up areas. LULC change is affecting ecosystem services (ES) in urban areas, such as by decreasing of the water retention capacity, the urban temperature regulation capacity and the carbon sequestration. The relation between LULC change and ES is still poorly examined and quantified using actual field data. In most ES studies, GS is perceived as lumped areas instead of distributed areas, implicitly ignoring landscape patterns (LP), such as connectivity and aggregation. This preliminary study is one of the first to provide quantitative evidence of the influence of landscape pattern changes on a selection of urban ecosystem services in a megacity as Jakarta, Indonesia. The impact of urbanization on the spatiotemporal changes of ES has been identified by considering connectivity and aggregation of GS. It reveals that LP changes have significantly decreased carbon sequestration, temperature regulation, and runoff regulation by 10.4, 12.4, and 11.5%, respectively. This indicates that the impact of GS on ES is not only determined by its area, but also by its LP. Further detailed studies will be needed to validate these results.

Urbanization is the main issue that altered the environmental condition nowadays. Urbanization means that there are changes in suburban areas to fulfill the function needed in the urban area. Nowadays, urbanization occurred due to the high demand of housing area with lower budget and comfortable environment of living condition. This condition was presented in the Bogor city case. Bogor is one of the oldest cities in Indonesia which is located in the southern part of Jakarta. Due to the increase of population in the capital city and increased of the higher price of housing, people started to looked for place to stay outside the city. Bogor located in the strategic location just close enough for people to commute to Jakarta. The transit city transform into commuting city. People works in Jakarta wanted to live in a more comfortable place of living and cheaper in price than the capital city started to see Bogor as an opportunity. Based on the data obtained by the Central Bureau of Statistics Jakarta in 2015, there are 187.777 total people commuted daily from Bogor to Jakarta. This condition also triggered by the better quality of access in and out Bogor. Mass rapid transportation and highway toll gate create more land cover changes potential to fulfill the high demand of housing. Thus, this research aimed to see the effect of highway toll gate in the land use cover change in Bogor city. Landsat Images was used using the time-series method started since 1978 (the official year of Jagorawi Toll gate operation) with the 10 years interval time, 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2016. In determining the land use cover change, NDVI method was used which has been widely applied in detecting the greeneries. The result then evaluated using the supervised classification and validated using the Kappa Accuracy test. The result of this research shows that land use cover change corresponded with the total population in the citizenship census 2009. Total built area in 2009 is 36.20% which increased by 8.46% since 1999, this result suitable with the total population 949.000 in 2009 Citizenship census which increased by 364.000 since 1999. The highest built area detected is 42.15% in 2016 with total of 1.030.720 population and three active Highway toll gate operated.

For several decades, Jakarta has witnessed massive urbanization that leads to urban slum problems. The problems have always been associated with urban kampung, the informal neighborhood which grows and tends to be more impoverished over times. The local government has implemented the Kampung Improvement Program (KIP) to reduce the problems. The program which included sites-and-services program, and resettlement policy was not entirely successful to overcome slum problems. In 2013, the Governor of Jakarta launched Kampung Deret Program (KDP) as an alternative to the on-site slum upgrading policy. However, the KDP was eventually postponed and removed from the local budget plan of Jakarta Province in 2015 due to some problems in the implementation. This article is aimed at explaining the effectiveness of the KDP program and analyzing alternative strategies for effective policy implementation of KDP. This study uses quantitative methods by applying observation, interview and documentation to collect the primary and secondary data. Petogogan and Pasar Minggu in South Jakarta were selected as cases. The study shows that there are technical difficulties faced by the authorities during the implementation of KDP. KDP Petogogan was quite successful comparing to the KDP Pasar Minggu in terms of installed housing, basic infrastructures-facilities, and security of tenure. The implementation was quite successful due to the application of some form of equal approaches which were based on the characteristic of policy object and the slum dwellers in every selected slum. Following the approach, KDP was implemented under three packages: KDP I, KDP II, and KDP III. It was finally found that the KDP packages were considered as an effective on-site slum upgrading policy that can minimize resistance and maximize participation from the slum dwellers.

The presence of vegetable farmers in peri-urban areas is essential for the supply of food to the urban population. However, they face intense competition from other non-agricultural activities. This research aims to explore the characteristics of vegetable farmers in Tangerang Regency as part of Jakarta Metropolitan Area, the motivation of respondents towards becoming vegetable farmers, and their strategy in adapting to massive urban development. We employed the qualitative approach by combining questionnaires, field observations, and interviews. We found the new entrant farmers that are in their productive ages and came with experience in the formal economy before starting farming. The motivation of respondents became vegetable farmers vary depend on their background and the land ownerships. Farmers in the study area are doing diversification by having off-farm activities and doing intensification by patterning crop to adapt rapid urbanization. To sustain the development of vegetable farming in peri-urban area, it will be crucial for government to create the new strategy of using vacant lands as farmlands to produce vegetables in order to combat food security issues, and also to assist farmers by upgrading their skill through various trainings.Keywords: Peri-urban, Strategy, Vegetable Farming.

The population density in Jakarta can be seen from the number of people who are increasing every year and increasing the population density living in Jakarta. High urbanization affects the process of urban development, population development and the need for housing that requires a lot of land in the Jakarta area. The government and the private sector in dealing with these problems provide a decent place to live for the community by building vertical housing. Vertical development in the form of flats for residents is considered capable of increasing efficiency, effectiveness of space utilization and saving land so that land can be used for open space or other public spaces. In this study, the author tries to answer the problems regarding the identification of residential space patterns and the typology of flats in the three case studies. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method in which the author will describe and identify every aspect contained in this study based on the theoretical basis that was appointed as a guide. In this study, it was found that user activity in the flats resulted in groupings called zoning which included private, semi-private / semi-public, public, service areas, and circulation areas. Because the flat is a shared house in one building mass, the public zoning area tends to be larger and the residents gather in public areas that have been facilitated.

There are four types patterns of shifting population due to the influence of modernity, namely ruralization, urbanization, transmigration and circulation. Ruralization is the movement from city to village while urbanization is moving from village to city. Migration is a permanent migration of people from one area to another. Finally, circulation is the movement of people to fulfill certain interests such as work and living in two different places, so they must move every day from village to city. This research focuses on the Study of the Relationship between Ruralization and Local Residents: The Pattern of Religious Harmony in the Suburbs of Jakarta. The overflow of Jakarta's population is accommodated by new growth areas which are then concluded to be Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi. The occurrence of this displacement is due to a push factor from the area of origin, a pull factor from the destination. Attractor factor is the hope of getting opportunity to improve their standard of living and religious, political, and ethnic considerations in the area of origin. Eventhough religion is another factor but residents of villages as rural targets have religious affinity that is inherent in religious identity with ethnic groups, especially Betawi ethnic groups as local residents with migrants residents. Religious factors as a basis for determining the work ethic of social cohesiveness in this case religious harmony. Therefore, a strategy is needed to build social cohesiveness due to culture and diversity to avoid social tensions.

Abstract In the last decade, the Jakarta-Bandung Mega Urban (JBMUR) corridor has experienced rapid urbanization, including the Karawang Regency. In addition, Karawang has become a national center (rice barn), with an area of rice fields in 2019 reaching 95,000 ha and covering 54% of its regency. The socio-economic spatial context of this region provides a new notion of peri-urban characteristics in the rice production center area. This study aims to identify the peri-urban areas and explain the peri-urban rice production center areas. The approach is a case study using geographic information system analysis (intersect, clip, feature to point) and data tabulation. The data are land cover time series maps from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in 2019, village government maps (population and civil records 2019), and village potential data for 2011 and 2018. The analysis results show that the number of villages in the urban area is 49 villages, peri-urban 30 villages, and rural area 223 villages. Various variables were compared, showing urban area, peri-urban and rural area. Information on the characteristics of agricultural (rice field) centers can provide input for local governments in planning policy making.

Jakarta as the capital of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is the center of economy and government. The population of DKI Jakarta province continues to grow every year. One of the causes of population growth is urbanization. Population density also differs between the night population and the day population, where the day population is greater due to the presence of commuters. Human density, activity, and the high use of private vehicles cause the city of Jakarta to become one of the cities with the problem of high congestion in the world. As a step in overcoming congestion, the DKI Jakarta government has built a transportation system in the form of TransJakarta buses, MRT, and LRT to invite private vehicle users to switch to using public transportation. But it turns out that it is not optimal without the improvement of other supporting facilities such as transportation buildings. Driving comfort needs to be supported by building comfort that facilitates intermodal movement. Through the cross programming method Bernad Tschumi the author seeks to discover a new typology of the design of a terminal with Blok M Terminal as a case study. Blok M terminal which used to be just a place to transite will be made into a terminal that not only serves as a transit facility but also as a meeting point facility for transportation system users and the surrounding community. Keywords: Transit; Cross Programming ; New Typology; Blok M Terminal AbstrakJakarta sebagai Ibu kota Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia merupakan pusat ekonomi dan pemerintahan. Jumlah penduduk Provinsi DKI Jakarta terus bertambah setiap tahunnya. Salah satu penyebab pertambahan penduduk adalah urbanisasi. Kepadatan penduduk juga berbeda antara penduduk malam dengan penduduk siang, dimana penduduk siang lebih besar akibat hadirnya para komuter. Kepadatan manusia, aktivitas, dan tingginya penggunaan kendaraan pribadi menyebabkan kota Jakarta menjadi salah satu kota dengan persoalan kemacetan tinggi dunia. Sebagai langkah dalam mengatasi kemacetan, pemerintah DKI Jakarta telah membangun sistem transportasi berupa bus TransJakarta, MRT, serta LRT guna mengajak pengguna kendaraan pribadi beralih menggunakan kendaraan umum. Namun ternyata hal tersebut belum optimal tanpa peningkatan fasilitas pendukung lainnya seperti bangunan transportasi. Kenyamanan berkendara perlu didukung dengan kenyamanan bangunan yang memfasilitasi perpindahan antar moda. Melalui metode cross programming Bernad Tschumi penulis berusaha untuk menemukan tipologi baru dari desain sebuah terminal dengan Terminal Blok M sebagai studi kasus. Terminal BLOK M yang dahulu hanya sebagai tempat untuk bertransit akan dibuat menjadi sebuah terminal yang tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai fasilitas transit namun juga sebagai fasilitas titik temu bagi pengguna sistem transportasi dan masyarakat sekitar.

Abstract. In many coastal and delta cities land subsidence now exceeds absolute sea level rise up to a factor of ten. A major cause for severe land subsidence is excessive groundwater extraction related to rapid urbanization and population growth. Without action, parts of Jakarta, Ho Chi Minh City, Bangkok and numerous other coastal cities will sink below sea level. Land subsidence increases flood vulnerability (frequency, inundation depth and duration of floods), with floods causing major economic damage and loss of lives. In addition, differential land movement causes significant economic losses in the form of structural damage and high maintenance costs for (infra)structure. The total damage worldwide is estimated at billions of dollars annually. As subsidence is often spatially variable and can be caused by multiple processes, an assessment of subsidence in delta cities needs to answer questions such as: what are the main causes? What is the current subsidence rate and what are future scenarios (and interaction with other major environmental issues)? Where are the vulnerable areas? What are the impacts and risks? How can adverse impacts be mitigated or compensated for? Who is involved and responsible to act? In this study a quick-assessment of subsidence is performed on the following mega-cities: Jakarta, Ho Chi Minh City, Dhaka, New Orleans and Bangkok. Results of these case studies will be presented and compared, and a (generic) approach how to deal with subsidence in current and future subsidence-prone areas is provided.

As Urbanization blooms, related problems, especially those that affect community relations, become a 'hot topic' in developing projects based on 'Third Place'. The erosion of the community and its community often with the development of urbanization identified as Social Segregation becomes an interesting problem to be discussed by sociologists. The focus of the issue raised in this project is "How to create a Third Place in Senen area." The location of the project is in the Senen, precisely on Jl. Stasiun Senen, Jakarta Pusat which is one of the popular shopping centers in Jakarta. The site was located between commercial centers, housing, and transportation facilities with high pedestrian mobility. The purpose of this project is to create a "Third Place" which is a link between homes and offices where residents of Senen can come and spend their free time, and provide the facilities needed by the city, especially around the project site as a link between public transportation modes (Senen terminal and Senen station) with regional facilities and restore the image of the senen area which is an area that is thick with arts and food. The research methodology carried out in this project began by finding the facilities / programs needed by the community around the site, which also aims to resolve problems in the area. then proceed with identifying, and bringing back / restoring the characteristics that lost in this area (in this case, art), then proceed with the process of designing a facility that will produce the area and organization of space in this project. Abstrak Seiring berkembangnya Urbanisasi, masalah yang terkait, khususnya yang berdampak pada hubungan masyarakat, menjadi 'topik hangat' dalam pengembangan proyek berbasis “Third Place”. Tergerusnya komunitas dan wadahnya sering dengan perkembangan urbanisasi yang diidentifikasi sebagai Segregasi Sosial menjadi sebuah masalah yang menarik untuk dibahas oleh para sosiolog. Fokus isu yang diangkat dalam proyek ini adalah “Bagaimana menciptakan “Third Place” di kawasan Senen’. Lokasi proyek berada di Kawasan Senen tepatnya di Jl. Stasiun Senen, Jakarta Pusat yang merupakan salah satu pusat perbelanjaan di jakarta. Lokasi tapak berada di antara pusat komersil, perumahan, dan sarana transportasi dengan mobilitas pedestrian yang tinggi. Tujuan dari proyek ini adalah menciptakan sebuah “Third Place” yang menjadi penghubung diantara rumah dan kantor dimana warga Senen dapat datang dan menghabiskan waktu luang mereka, serta memberikan fasilitas yang dibutuhkan oleh kota, terutama disekitar tapak proyek sebagai penghubung antara moda transportasi publik (terminal dan stasiun) dengan fasilitas kawasan serta mengembalikan citra kawasan senen yang merupakan daerah yang kental dengan kesenian dan makanan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dalam proyek ini dimulai dengan menemukan fasilitas / program yang dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat sekitar tapak,yang juga bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan masalah dari kawasan tersebut. kemudian dilanjutkan dengan mengidentifikasi, danmemunculkan kembali / merestorasi ciri khas kawasan yang hilang (dalam kasus ini adalah kesenian), lalu dilanjutkan dengan proses mendesain fasilitas yang akan menghasilkan besaran dan organisasi ruang dalam proyek ini.

Abstract. In many delta cities land subsidence exceeds absolute sea level rise up to a factor of ten by excessive groundwater extraction related to rapid urbanization and population growth. Without change, parts of Jakarta, Ho Chi Minh City, Bangkok and numerous other delta (and coastal) cities will sink below sea level. Increased flooding and also other widespread impacts of land subsidence result already in damage of billions of dollars per year. In order to gain insight in the complex, multi-sectoral aspects of subsidence, to raise awareness and to support decision making on appropriate adaptation strategies and measures, an Integrated Assessment Framework (IAF) for subsidence is introduced, illustrated by several (delta) case studies. Based on that a list of 10 generic key issues and possible solutions is presented in order to further develop and support a (generic) approach how to deal with subsidence in current and future subsidence-prone areas. For exchange of experiences and knowledge development.on subsidence in deltas the Delta Alliance, a knowledge network of deltas worldwide, can be supportive.

The provision of affordable housing is still a big issue in every major city in Indonesia. The increasing number of urbanizations hasn’t made the provision of housing in the city of Jakarta also increase. Residents who take part in the urbanization program were from the Middle Class and Low-Income Communities Class. The provision of land for Affordable Flats was still a bit. Based on the presentation of the Director of Housing Financing Planning at the Directorate General of Housing Financing, classic problems have happened since 1992 by the PUPR Settlement Area Development were still related to the housing supply chain process. This research will re-examine the supply chain process that has been carried out by developers and stakeholders in DKI Jakarta as well as solutions to the efforts that will be made to overcome obstacles in the provision of Affordable Flats. The research locations are in Samesta Sentraland Cengkareng and Green Pramuka City. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach. The analytical method for researching is chronological analysis and comparison of each Affordable Flats where developed by the developer. The results of the study show that the provision of affordable flats is still very influential on the regulations that have been carried out by the government on the land, and the selection of materials for the establishment of Affordable Flats is still very influential. In the case of Samesta Sentraland Cengkareng, the existing regulations at the project site must provide 20% of their development for MBR, and the selection of materials is based on discussions with the construction manager. Even though the license in the Green Pramuka City case was rusunami, there was only anami due to the request of the prospective buyer to use good material specifications. Keywords: flats, affordability; supply chain; low-income communities; developers; stakeholders; government AbstrakPenyediaan hunian yang terjangkau masih menjadi isu besar pada setiap kota-kota besar di Indonesia. Angka urbanisasi yang semakin bertambah tidak membuat penyediaan hunian di kota Jakarta juga ikut bertambah. Penduduk yang ikut program urbanisasi dari Masyarakat Kelas Menengah dan Kelas Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah atau MBR. Penyediaan tanah untuk Rumah Susun yang Terjangkau masih sedikit. Berdasarkan presentasi Direktur Perencanaan Pembiayaan Perumahan Direktorat Jenderal Pembiayaan Perumahan, permasalahan klasik sejak tahun 1992 oleh Pengembangan Kawasan Permukiman PUPR masih berkaitan dengan proses rantai pasok hunian. Pada penelitian ini akan meneliti kembali proses rantai pasok yang sudah dijalankan oleh pengembang-pengembang dan stakeholders yang ada di DKI Jakarta maupun solusi upaya yang akan dilakukan untuk mengatasi hambatan pada penyediaan Rumah Susun yang Terjangkau. Lokasi penelitian berada di Samesta Sentraland Cengkareng dan Green Pramuka City. Pendekatan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Metode analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis kronologi dan perbandingan pada masing-masing rumah susun yang dikembangkan oleh pengembang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penyediaan rumah susun yang terjangkau masih sangat berpengaruh terhadap peraturan yang telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah pada lahan tersebut, serta pemilihan material pada berdirinya rumah susun yang terjangkau masih sangat berpengaruh. Pada kasus Samesta Sentraland Cengkareng, peraturan yang ada pada lokasi proyek mesti menyediakan 20% dari pengembangan mereka untuk MBR, dan pemilihan material berdasarkan hasil diskusi dengan manager konstruksi. Walaupun perizinan pada kasus Green Pramuka City merupakan rusunami, yang ada hanya anami akibat permintaan calon pembeli untuk menggunakan spesifikasi bahan yang baik.

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi masalah dan solusi yang menghambat penerbitan sukuk daerah untuk pembiayaan infrastruktur di Jawa Barat. Pendekatan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Subjek penelitian ini berasal dari regulator, akademisi, dan praktisi di bidang sukuk sebanyak 7 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa masalah terbesar belum diterbitkannya sukuk daerah di Jawa Barat adalah rendahnya pengetahuan masyarakat (investor) tentang sukuk daerah dan juga rendahnya kesiapan sumber daya manusia (SDM) pemerintah daerah. Hasil penelitian juga menemukan prioritas solusi yaitu melakukan sosialisasi dan promosi kepada masyarakat (investor) mengenai sukuk daerah, dengan strategi yang dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut: 1) melakukan sosialisasi dan promosi kepada masyarakat (investor) mengenai sukuk daerah, 2) mengadakan pelatihan atau workshop tentang teknis penerapan, konsep, dan skema syariah sukuk, 3) membuat peraturan daerah khusus yang mengatur tentang penerbitan sukuk disesuaikan dengan otonomi daerah, 4) menyusun dan mengintegrasikan peraturan yang memadai dalam bentuk UU (undang-undang) khusus, yang menjadi payung untuk pelaksanaan sukuk daerah. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi para stakeholder untuk merumuskan strategi penerbitan sukuk daerah di Jawa Barat agar kedepannya pemanfaatan sukuk daerah di bidang infrastruktur lebih optimal, sehingga peran sukuk daerah dalam pembangunan daerah dapat tercapai. Kata Kunci: Sukuk Daerah, Pembiayaan Infrastruktur, Strategi Penerbitan Sukuk, Analytical Hierarchy Process. ABSTRACT The study aimed to identify problems hindering the issuance of provincial/regional sovereign sukuk (regional sukuk) for infrastructure financing in West Java province as well as solutions to it. The study employed an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The subjects of this study altogether were seven regulators, academicians, and practitioners of sukuk. The results showed that the biggest problem preventing the government of West Java province from issuing a regional sukuk was the low level of public knowledge (investors) on the sukuk and of readiness on the part of human resources (HR) of the provincial government. Therefore, the study found that a priority solution to the problem was the socialization and promotion of provincial sukuk to the community (investors). 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Economic growth in ASEAN countries encourages significant urbanized growth. In line with the growth of urbanization, large swathes of residential buildings have been constructed in urban areas, especially, in the case of Indonesia, through the government's 1000 rusun (high-rise affordable housing) development program in Jakarta. In order to reduce energy consumption and create a sustainable rusun, a passive strategy is needed in the form of natural air conditioning through optimized natural ventilation in these buildings. In this study, testing was conducted on Rusun Rorotan in Jakarta, from two wind source directions (north and northwest) with five void decks configuration samples each, in order to determine wind flow and wind speed patterns in the Rusun area. For this purpose, the wind tunnel simulation method using the Butterfly plugin in Grasshopper was employed. These results should provide a reference for future residential property developers, especially in the scope of other countries in ASEAN, which have similar climatic conditions to that of Indonesia.