Relevant bibliographies by topics / Urbanization Sri Lanka

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Academic literature on the topic 'Urbanization Sri Lanka'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Urbanization Sri Lanka"

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Zoysa, Mangala De. "Urbanization, Climate Change and Environmental Resilience: Experiences in Sri Lanka." Urban Studies and Public Administration 4, no. 1 (January 25, 2021): p46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/uspa.v4n1p46.

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Urbanization in conjunction with climatic change affecting urban life and pose challenges to cities worldwide creating urban residents increasingly vulnerable to extreme weather and other natural disasters. Improvement of urban ecosystems provide cost-effective solution against negative impacts of climate change accelerated with high population pressure and promote resilience of urban dwellers. The cities in Sri Lanka are focused on improving land use planning and management of urban forest ecosystems for adaptation to and mitigation of climate change impacts with the rapid urbanization. This study attempts to ascertain the effects of urbanization, analyze the impacts of urbanization and climate change, and examine the environmental resilience with urban forests in Sri Lanka, reviewing the relevant literature. This paper explore the effects of urbanization in terms of increase population, land use change, rising greenhouse gas emissions and intensity of urban heat island. The impacts of urbanization and climate change are revealed as change of annual rainfall, urban warming, extreme weather events, and urban health hazards. Disaster resilient cities, sustainable urbanization, greening the cities, other environmental resilience strategies as well as institutional and policy setting are discussed for environmental resilience to urbanization and changing climate. Limiting CO2 emission, reducing land surface temperature, and controlling urban heat island effect are discussed under the other environmental resilience strategies. Institutional and policy setting is explained through popularizing urban forestry and developing policy support. Urban forestry strategies incorporating urban planning should be manifested in urban development policy in order to counteract the negative effects of climate change in the process of environmental resilience and sustainable urbanization.
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Mustafa, M. M., M. B. Baig, and F. M. M. T. Marikar. "Agriculture farming extension model for analysing climate change adaptation: A case study of Sri Lankan farmers." Agricultural Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (March 2022): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.01.013.

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Abstract. Climate change and variability threaten the sustainability of agricultural and food production, especially in agrarian communities. In Sri Lanka, rainfall is expected to decline by almost 10% by the year 2050 and the largest increase in temperature can be experienced. Despite the potential risks of climate change on agricultural productivity, Sri Lanka does not have a dedicated policy to respond to climate change. Furthermore, there is a dearth of research done in Sri Lanka to provide an understanding of factors that shape farmers’ adaptation to climate change and institutional link to the adaptive capacity of farming households. In this study we have taken secondary data from the World Bank and Central Bank of Sri Lanka to show how the farming population decreased and deforesting occurred due to the urbanization as well as to low education of the farming community. The results show that the majority of farmers who have climate variability adaptation strategies in place are largely influenced by indigenous knowledge. Women and low-income earners are less likely to employ climate change adaptation strategies in order to improve their agricultural productivity. The results have implications that agricultural extension officers service is needed to keep them in the industry and introduce new foresting schemes to carbon deposit and finally reduce the urbanization process.
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Charles, Subaskar, Herath Vidyaratne, and Damithri Gayashini Melagoda. "Prospects and restraints of green roofs for high-rise buildings in Sri Lanka." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 10, no. 2 (September 19, 2019): 246–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-11-2018-0150.

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Purpose Green roofs are acknowledged as a method to substitute greenery washed out by the urbanization. They provide many ecological and sustainable benefits of greenery; reduce the adverse effects of high-rise building constructions. Though this concept is more popular across many countries over the past few decades, still, implementation of this technology in Sri Lanka is new and scant. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the potential of green roofs in high-rise buildings in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach The data collection was conducted through expert interviews and questionnaire survey. Expert interviews were carried out to validate the prospects and restraints identified through literature review to the Sri Lankan context and analyzed using content analysis. Questionnaire survey identified the most significant prospects and restraints using descriptive statistics and paired sample t-test. Purposive sampling was used to select participants. Findings Reduction of air pollution, aesthetical appearance, thermal benefits and energy savings, reduction of an urban heat island effect, the addition of points in the green rating system are the top most significant prospects that need to be highlighted in promoting green roof systems in Sri Lankan high rises. Less space allocation on rooftops, lack of technical competence and lack of awareness and research are restraints that need most effective elimination strategies to encourage green roof systems. Originality/value The first identified and quantified prospects and restraints for green roof system in Sri Lankan high-rise buildings can be utilized by the government, donors, multi-lateral agencies to promote the sustainable development in Sri Lanka and this knowledge could be used in different scale awareness programs. The value of this paper is such that the paper discusses the links of green roofs with the other facets of sustainability. The new legal reforms and amendments in Sri Lanka could potentially be pending with findings of this study.
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Jazeel, Tariq. "Urban theory with an outside." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 36, no. 3 (May 5, 2017): 405–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775817707968.

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This paper critically engages planetary urbanization’s claim that it generates ‘Urban Theory Without an Outside’. It argues planetary urbanization is part of the broader ideological terrain of urban studies whose textual field reifies the city, the urban and urbanization as objects and processes of analyses through a kind of ‘methodological urbanization’. The paper argues the conceptual and political value of delineating views from outside urban studies and planetary urbanization – in particular from domains like area studies – that unmoor the primacy of the city, the urban and particularly urbanization in understandings of socio-spatial processes across planetary space. It suggests how these perspectives can usefully act as ‘supplements’ indifferent to urban studies, reminding urban studies of the limits of its own forms of knowledge production in relation to socio-spatial process and city formation. To do this, the paper sketches an anti-colonial history of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
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Antalyn, Babu, and V. P. A. Weerasinghe. "Statistical Tool to Address the Influence of Urbanization in Groundwater Quality in Colombo District, Sri Lanka." Air, Soil and Water Research 15 (January 2022): 117862212211067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786221221106761.

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Management of groundwater quality is becoming a key feature of a sustainable future while implementing sustainable development goals which are given by United Nations. During past decades, rapid land-use changes, urbanization, and population expansion are highly influenced the groundwater quality. To provide policymakers and water managers with reliable information on groundwater quality is a challenge to achieving sustainable development goals in developing countries. Therefore, this study intended to assess the spatial variability of groundwater quality using selected physicochemical parameters at the 39 available groundwater wells during the southwest monsoon period. Spatial variability is explained in 13 Divisional Secretariat Division (DSD) levels in Colombo district due to easier interpretation and management purposes. Afterward, groundwater quality was related to urbanization using population density and built-up density in 13 DSD levels in Colombo district, Sri Lanka. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) shows that 08 DSD levels are urban and 05 DSD levels are rural. pH (3.22–6.73), COD (8.91–52.9 mg/L), BOD5 (1.2–9.9 mg/L), and DO (2.17–5.05 mg/L) showed deviations from the given standards by local authorities in Sri Lanka. A significant relationship ( p < .05) was found between urbanization and physicochemical parameters in regression analysis. The water quality index shows poor water quality indices in urban areas and vice versa in rural areas which is similar to the results obtained by statistical analysis. A sustainable urban development plan with continuous groundwater quality monitoring is necessary to protect groundwater resources in Sri Lanka.
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Rajabi, Zohreh, Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq, and Nitin Muttil. "An Estimation of Virtual Trades of Embedded Water and Land through Sri Lankan Seasonal Crops’ Trades to Improve the Cropping Preferences." Water 14, no. 24 (December 15, 2022): 4101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14244101.

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Due to the increase in population, growing urbanization, and higher demands for processed and unprocessed foods, resources related to food production have become scarce. Water and land can be considered as the primary resources to determine the crop production potential of a country. Ideally, countries that lack water and land resources can import these in virtual form. Sri Lanka is a country rich in water resources that faced bankruptcy recently. This study analyzes and explores the potential for use of land–water resources in Sri Lanka. A comprehensive framework is generated to identify the virtual land–water trade by considering ten major imports and nine major export crops in Sri Lanka. Consequently, the top ten imports/exports and top ten import/export trade partners are identified. The analysis reveals that Sri Lanka is a heavily import-dominant country, having seven times higher imports compared to exports. The country imports wheat, which is 82% of its import crops, and the same crop is the largest export (85% of crop export). Compared to its trade partners, Sri Lanka has sufficient water resources, but availability of arable land is limited. Banana is the largest export of the country, which involves higher embedded water and less land, matching the resource availability to Sri Lanka, whereas the trade partners are expected to continue importing the crop due to their water and land stress conditions. Finalization of the long-awaited agriculture policy of the country is strongly recommended.
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Gasimli, Haq, Gamage, Shihadeh, Rajapakshe, and Shafiq. "Energy, Trade, Urbanization and Environmental Degradation Nexus in Sri Lanka: Bounds Testing Approach." Energies 12, no. 9 (April 30, 2019): 1655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091655.

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This study examines the nexus between energy, trade, urbanization and environmental degradation in Sri Lanka. The time series data has been checked for unit root problem along with unknown structural break. The bounds testing approach confirms the long-term relationship among carbon emissions, energy consumption, income, trade openness, and urbanization in the presence of structural break. The results of the study do not confirm the presence of the EKC (Environmental Kuznets Curve) hypothesis in Sri Lanka. This study finds that energy consumption leads to carbon emissions in both the long term and the short term. Trade openness is degrading environmental quality, as trade is responsible for the accumulation of carbon emissions in the atmosphere. The results of the study confirm that urbanization has been found to have significant and negative effect on carbon emissions. The study finds that the model is in equilibrium and the model will return to equilibrium from any external shock in less than two years. Policy measures are recommended for sustainable environment of the island.
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Chandrasiri, N., S. P. Lamabadusuriya, and D. G. H. De Silva. "Non-Accidental Injuries to Children in Sri Lanka." Medicine, Science and the Law 28, no. 2 (April 1988): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580248802800208.

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Cases of baby battering have not been reported in Sri Lanka since 1811. Three such cases are reported in this paper. Their ages varied from 3 months to 1 year 4 months. In one case the assailant appeared to be the elder sister aged 4 years. In the other two cases the assailant appeared to be one of the parents. As in the other reported cases, all three children have been well cared for. The predominant lesions were skin bruises, fractures of limb bones and epiphyseal dislocations. The machinery available to the medical practitioner after confirmation of the diagnosis are discussed. The reasons for the lack of awareness of medical officers and its uncommonness due to the extended family system in Sri Lanka are also discussed. The stresses and strains imposed by rapid development and progressive urbanization of the villages are also discussed. It is envisaged that with the present trend of modernization in Sri Lanka there will be a greater number of Battered Baby Syndromes.
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Uduporuwa, RJM. "An Analysis of Urban Growth and Urbanization in the Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka." Sabaragamuwa University Journal 9, no. 1 (October 29, 2011): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/suslj.v9i1.3739.

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Wijethilaka, Sunil, Lakshani S. Weerasekara, Saumya Bandara, and Kithsiri B. Ranawana. "Assessment of crop and property damage caused by Semnopithecus vetulus nestor (Bennett, 1833) (Mammalia: Primates: Cercopithecidae) in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 5 (April 26, 2021): 18141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.6582.13.5.18141-18147.

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In earlier times, human-monkey interactions were not a severe problem in Sri Lanka, but has recently intensified as a result of habitat fragmentation and urbanization. Due to these changes, Semnopithecus vetulus nestor has been listed among the 25 most Endangered primates. The objective of our study was to evaluate the intensity of human-S.v. nestor negative interaction by identifying the crop and property damages in villages bordering Danawkanda Forest (7.001N & 80.049E), Gampaha, Sri Lanka. We collected data using structured questionnaires interviewing households (N= 80) bordering the Danawkanda Forest from August 2014 to January 2015. Households were most affected by damage to fruits, leaves, and buds of commercially important trees (93%), followed by damage to roof tiles (76%), and frightful confrontations with the monkeys (43%). Average monthly loss per household from crop and property damage was estimated at between (Sri Lankan Rupees) LKR 2,700 and LKR 1,500. Lighting firecrackers was the most common method used by the residents (99%) to deter monkeys, where as electrified barriers were rarely used (4%). Households in close proximity to Danawkanda Forest experienced a considerable loss to their monthly income due to crop and property damage, compared to households further away. As an alternative, residents now grow ornamental plants and short trees, eliminating the structures that attract and facilitate damage by S.v. nestor. Awareness and active participation of residents, authorized government, and non-governmental organizations are needed to manage unplanned construction and agriculture plot extensions into the forest. These two factors trigger the human-wildlife negative interactions in general and are not limited just to monkeys.
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Books on the topic "Urbanization Sri Lanka"

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Perera, A. L. S. Urbanization and urban research in Sri Lanka. [Colombo]: Centre for Regional Development Studies, 1995.

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Somadeva, Raj. Urban origins in Southern Sri Lanka. Uppsala: African and Comparative Archaeology, Dept. of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, 2006.

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Uppsala universitet. Afrikansk och jämförande arkeologi. and University of Kelaniya. Postgraduate Institute of Archaeology., eds. Urban origins in Southern Sri Lanka. Uppsala: African and Comparative Archaeology, Dept. of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, 2006.

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Peiris, G. H. Development and change in Sri Lanka: Geographical perspectives. New Delhi: Macmillan India Ltd., 1996.

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Buddhist monastries towards urbanism in Southern Sri Lanka. Battaramulla: Neptune Publications, 2009.

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Urban Sri Lanka: A study in urban geography. Colombo: Godage International Publishers (Pvt) Ltd, 2011.

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Economic development and social change in Sri Lanka: A spatial and policy analysis. New Delhi: Manohar, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Urbanization Sri Lanka"

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Puvanarajam, P. "Urbanization and Development Strategies in Sri Lanka." In Population Redistribution and Development in South Asia, 169–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5309-3_11.

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Bandusena, Prathibhani, Mubarak Kldeen, and D. A. C. Suranga Silva. "Urbanization and urban tourism in Sri Lanka." In Tourism in Asian Cities, 31–50. New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Contemporary geographies of leisure, tourism and mobility: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429264801-4.

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Weeraratne, Bilesha. "Transitioning to Middle Income and Beyond: The Urbanization Challenge in Post-conflict Sri Lanka." In Managing Domestic and International Challenges and Opportunities in Post-conflict Development, 257–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1864-1_14.

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Ramachandran, A., and C. Snehalatha. "Diabetes in South Asians." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 1799–803. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.1401.

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Developing countries, mainly in the Indian subcontinent and China, contribute nearly 80% to the rising global diabetic population. Conservative estimates, based on population growth, ageing of population, and rate of urbanization in Asia, show that India and China will remain the top two countries with the highest number of people with diabetes by 2025: 71 and 38 million, respectively. Two other South Asian countries, Pakistan and Bangladesh, also are in the top ten list. The South Asian populations of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka are racially heterogeneous, but all have high risk for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Type 1 diabetes is relatively less common, and nearly 95% of all diabetic cases in these regions are type 2 diabetes. The steady rise in the prevalence of diabetes seen in last three decades coincides with rapid urbanization and industrialization, and associated sociological and political changes, occurring in these countries (1). Among the populations, physical activity has reduced significantly, intake of energy-dense food has increased, and mental and physical stress factors associated with urban living have also increased. A tilt in the energy balance towards conservation and fat deposition has contributed to the alarming increase in the rate of obesity, both in adults and children.
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Conference papers on the topic "Urbanization Sri Lanka"

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Yapa, R. D. W. S., and W. Gunawardena. "Examination of the spatio-temporal urban growth patterns using dmsp- ols night-time lights data: an experiment in urban area, Sri Lanka." In Independence and interdependence of sustainable spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2022.4.

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Understanding the direction and pattern of the urbanization process is important in urban planning and management. It is important to examine the spatial patterns of urban areas earlier to facilitate the decision-making process in sustainable urban growth. Therefore, urban planners use diverse conventional and non-conventional data portals to investigate the spatial patterns of urban growth. However, in developing countries like Sri Lanka, information about space over time becomes inaccessible. To overcome this shortcoming and to show the usefulness of new technologies, satellite-based Night-time Lights (NTL) data were used in this study to identify the urban development pattern within the existing infrastructure environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to show the applicability of “DMSPOLS Night-time Lights” (NTL) data for identifying, analysing urban growth patterns of major towns, as a decision-support process in urban planning in Sri Lanka. The results reveal the urban areas extracted using NTL data in Sri Lanka with a substantial agreement for using NTL data to investigate the spatial patterns of Sri Lanka. This paper explores and guides NTL data processing, and urban area extraction and considers the prospects and challenges relevant to the Sri Lankan context. Thus, there is no doubt about using NTL data for urban analysis in the Sri Lankan context.
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LOKULIYANA, C. K., and G. R. RATNAYAKE. "A STUDY ON UNDERSTANDING THE SOCIAL INTERACTION ARISES FROM URBAN PARK ENVIRONMENT THROUGH DIFFERENT INTERACTION TYPES; Related to Diyatha, Katubedda and Kelimadala urban parks in Colombo district." In 13th International Research Conference - FARU 2020. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit (FARU), University of Moratuwa, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2020.3.

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In 1990s, the decrement of non-built up areas due to urbanization in Sri Lanka cause for reducing the quality of life and emerging of social issues by interruption of human interaction with the busiest monotonous life styles. The urban beautification projects like urban park concept was introduced to achieve the Sri Lankan sustainable vision by 2030 by developing those spaces as social spaces for the purpose of community gathering and interaction. With this emerging concept, there is no such consideration or the research regarding identification of social interaction types in park to increase the park planning potentials in Sri Lanka by achieving the social sustainability of the place via social interaction. Above mentioned objective of the research is overcome through the theoretical framework of “social network theory” by understanding the actor and user types in the urban park context in Sri Lanka especially for Colombo district which have dissimilarity of availability of design characteristics. The methodology of the research is consisted with onsite observations and questionnaire surveys under mixed method approach. There are different intensity of social interactions were happened in three selected parks, from these the social interactions highly occurred among adults-adults user category and the least social interaction can be seen among children-younger user category in three parks and the highest expected factor for interaction is accessibility rather than consideration other factors. Additionally, provide shady greenery areas with multi-diverse activities for all user and actor categories based on respondents’ comments will be needed to consider in increasing the future planning potentials to achieve social sustainability of the urban parks via social interaction in Sri Lanka.
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Wickramaarachchi, Waruni, and Geethani Amaratunga. "A study on socio-economic issues influencing the urbanization process in Sri Lanka." In 2nd International Conference on Social Science, Humanities and Education. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icshe.2019.06.307.

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Jayaratne, N. N., and I. Rajapaksha. "CHALLENGES ON URBAN AGEING IN HIGH DENSITY SETTLEMENTS: Relationship of built-environment attributes and lifestyle of elderly in Western province, Sri Lanka." In Beyond sustainability reflections across spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2021.22.

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Urbanization and population aging are two key phenomena in the twenty-first century that concerns the elders living in cities, especially those in low- and middle-income countries like Sri Lanka. In such a setting, understanding the responsiveness of the built environment for active aging is crucial. However, even the few available studies are prioritized on health rather than the built environment attributes. Therefore, this study aims to assess the built environment attributes related to elders, for the first time, in developing countries like Sri Lanka. The assessment method composes of two case studies in Colombo, Sri Lanka with a questionnaire survey, an axial map, and a frequency analysis using the SPSS software. The case studies comprise of a middle-income and a low-income settlement both with high population density. The analysis results explicitly informed that, in comparison, the middle-income settlement is more adversely affected by the built environment response related to health and social relationships. This finding is further supported by the prominence in health-related issues of loneliness (ρ-value .042) and lack of freedom (ρ-value .014) in the middle-income settlement. The built environment attributes were ranked based on their significance in correlation with the Quality-of-Life measures and the individual age-related characteristics. This was further developed for an appraisal that assesses health-related aspects of built environment response for vulnerable age groups like elders. The findings and the appraisal could support the future decision-making process of the National health budget and future urban design interventions since Sri Lanka has the highest South Asian aging population.
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Nanayakkara, CJ, N. Partheepan, MY Kumarapperuma, and NP Ratnayake. "Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Negombo Lagoon, Sri Lanka." In International Symposium on Earth Resources Management & Environment. Department of Earth Resources Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/iserme.2022.10.

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Heavy metals accumulate in the sediments of aquatic environments due to poor water solubility. Their toxic effect poses a significant threat to living organisms. Negombo Lagoon, a vital aquatic ecosystem in Sri Lanka, has become vulnerable to heavy metals mainly from urbanization-related anthropogenic activities. Previous research in this respect has sampling points restricted to the boundary area. Since the heavy metal concentration is a static parameter, continuous research needs to keep the data updated. This study aims to investigate the spatial distribution of several heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb) in the surficial sediment of the Negombo Lagoon. Fifteen grab sediment samples were collected from the lagoon and analyzed for heavy metal concentration and grain size. The range of concentrations of each metal in test samples were between (78.07 - 222.68 mg/kg) Cr, (376.7-1298.05 mg/kg) Ni, (15.875-43.74 mg/kg) Co, (32.45-112.79 mg/kg) Cu, (20.17-55.81 mg/kg) As, (0.30-1.4 mg/kg) Cd, and (16.57-70.97 mg/kg) Pb. Heavy metal concentrations and sediment grain sizes show significant spatial variation over the Negombo lagoon area. Heavy metals were highly concentrated in locations, where finer sediments are accumulated (i.e., towards the eastern and southern part of the lagoon). Heavy metal concentrations were found to be increased with the decreasing grain size. High heavy metal concentrations are also found at places where there is a river discharge. Among the sources which feed heavy metals into Negombo Lagoon anthropogenic activities such as municipal and industrial waste disposal, rapid urbanization, shipping, and naval activities etc. have a significant impact.
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Sandaruwan, K. L. K. T. B., and C. Hewawasam. "AN EVALUATION ON LEVEL OF PUBLICNESS OF URBAN PUBLIC SPACES BY USING CORE DIMENSIONS; SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO GALLE FORT (SEA BATH AREA), FOREST (BEACH) PARK AREA, MAHAMODARA MARINE WALK AND OCEAN PATHWAY IN GALLE." In Beyond sustainability reflections across spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2021.11.

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In 1990s, the decrement of non-built-up areas due to urbanization directly cause a reduction in the quality of life of the people & the occurrence of social issues in Sri Lanka due to monotonous lifestyles. Therefore, to overcome these issues with a sustainable Sri Lankan vision by 2030 urban beautification projects like urban public spaces, parks concept was introduced to Sri Lanka especially in suburban areas. Recently, the urban recreational spaces concept came to urban fabric with common characteristics that were developed as social spaces for community gathering and interactions with a variety of physical activities. Although with the emerging public space concept, there is no such consideration on research regarding an evaluation on publicness of urban public spaces by using physical dimensions; Specific Reference to Galle Fort (sea bath area), Forest Park area, Mahamodara Marine walk and Ocean Pathway in Galle. Further, there is no proper regulatory framework in public space monitoring & evaluation to improve the infrastructure of public space. The research aim is to evaluate the level of publicness of urban public spaces based on physical dimensions which are owned by public administration in Sri Lanka. Also, it focused to identify what parameters, need to evaluate the level of publicness and understand satisfaction levels of urban public spaces and key indicators, to assess how contributing indicators, influence to achieve the effectiveness of public spaces among users and to provide recommendations based on the experts’ and users’ views for future improvements of urban public spaces to enhance the publicness level in Sri Lanka. This study was focused on four urban public spaces with the dissimilarity of the availability of design characteristics in Galle. The methodology of the research was comprised of onsite observations, questionnaire surveys, semi-structured interviews, and photographic documentation. The data were quantitatively analysed by using the VIKOR model which is a democratic model to evaluate the publicness level, AHP analysis, and descriptive statistical analysis using SPSS and EXCEL. Qualitative analysis was based on content analysis and photographic documentation. According to the findings of the research, it proved that based on key physical dimensions, criteria, and indicators publicness level, effectiveness, and truly public or not in four case studies. The highest publicness level and satisfaction level occurred in Forest Park which proved the hypothesis of the study. Additionally, by providing more shady areas, proper waste management, proper sitting opportunities, provide proper security system and monitoring system for control spaces, provide diverse activities for all age categories are some of the comments based on respondents which need to be considered in planning & designing urban spaces for increase attraction levels which are benefited for urban planners and designer.
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Roy, Joyashree, Joyashree Roy, Satabdi Datta, Satabdi Datta, Preeti Kapuria, Preeti Kapuria, Indrila Guha, et al. "COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS AND CHANGING ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9499474bf5.93776083.

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The wide variety of economic activities, which prevail along the coasts, has either direct or indirect connectivity with the coastal ecosystems through its provisioning of a diverse range of goods and services. However, these systems are permanently under pressure due to natural and anthropogenic threats. This field based study documents the changing pattern of economic activities along selected coastal stretches in South Asia at Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. Economic activities vary with coastal ecosystem types and service flows there from. Field study sites were identified based on multiple meetings and discussions with the policy makers in each of the countries and they continued to be the part of scientific discussions within ecology-economy framework through the project lifetime. In depth enquiry and analysis were carried out to understand perception of various economic stakeholder groups to natural and anthropogenic threats in the coastal regions and resultant vulnerability and risks. Often threats get intensified by rapid urbanization triggered by changing pattern of coastal economy due to tourism expansion and modernization of traditional activities.
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Roy, Joyashree, Joyashree Roy, Satabdi Datta, Satabdi Datta, Preeti Kapuria, Preeti Kapuria, Indrila Guha, et al. "COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS AND CHANGING ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431533f48a.

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The wide variety of economic activities, which prevail along the coasts, has either direct or indirect connectivity with the coastal ecosystems through its provisioning of a diverse range of goods and services. However, these systems are permanently under pressure due to natural and anthropogenic threats. This field based study documents the changing pattern of economic activities along selected coastal stretches in South Asia at Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. Economic activities vary with coastal ecosystem types and service flows there from. Field study sites were identified based on multiple meetings and discussions with the policy makers in each of the countries and they continued to be the part of scientific discussions within ecology-economy framework through the project lifetime. In depth enquiry and analysis were carried out to understand perception of various economic stakeholder groups to natural and anthropogenic threats in the coastal regions and resultant vulnerability and risks. Often threats get intensified by rapid urbanization triggered by changing pattern of coastal economy due to tourism expansion and modernization of traditional activities.
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9

Suvimali., E. A. S. S., and M. Herath. "GROWING URBAN GREEN MOVEMENT: EVALUATE THE REINFORCEMENT OF COMMUNITY GARDEN FOR RENEWAL COMMUNITY." In Beyond sustainability reflections across spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2021.2.

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As per the United Nations’ 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) “Sustainable cities & Communities” is vital for the healthy planet by 2030. Because nontackle population growth at city level causing to deforestation and it is outstripping for unsustainable cities as such for better livability. Since, 1990s, the decrement of non-built-up areas due to rapid urbanization directly cause for interrupting socio- ecological interaction & social ties among community in Sri Lanka. Recently, there is an emerging tendency on continuing community based agricultural sites as a social space for community gathering and interacting with variety of active physical activities as well to increase the urban fabric. The aim of the research is to investigate reinforcement of community garden for renewal community by studying diverse social and physical factors, evaluating functioning community garden in Colombo. The methodology of the study was comprised with onsite observations and in-depth interview and the data were qualitatively analyzed by using NVvio software. Accordingly derived 15 different social and 9 different physical factors from the community perceptions. Particularly, respondents having a desire to create a village and sense of place within the urban setting as SDGs rely.
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10

Iddamalgoda, I. D. M. P., and E. Warusavitharana. "Investigation of application of green infrastructure practices for storm water management in urban areas: a case study of Diyatha Uyana." In Independence and interdependence of sustainable spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2022.26.

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With rapid urbanization, uncontrolled storm water runoff is one of the major problems facing urban areas at the present. Therefore, it can be seen as inducing flash flood events and water quality degradation in urban areas. In the Sri Lankan context, this same problem can be seen in urban areas. One of the issues facing urban areas is inadequate storm water drainage systems and limited space. At present, most urban areas have broadly used Green Infrastructure (GI) to reduce this situation in developing countries as an innovative and sustainable SWM approach. This Research is basically focused to examine the capability of reducing the impact of surface runoff using GI considering before- after situations (2005, 2021) in Diyatha Uyana and its surrounding as a case study area. When examining the research question, is explained the result with runoff retention index, runoff volume per watershed (m3), and runoff retention volume per pixel (m3) of the study area. Under various rainfall depths can be seen as a high retention index rather than before-situation of Diyatha Uyan
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