Relevant bibliographies by topics / Urea as fertilizer

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Academic literature on the topic 'Urea as fertilizer'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Urea as fertilizer"

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Da Silva Do Reis, Sírio Douglas, Marco Antonio Previdelli Orrico Junior, Michely Tomazi, et al. "Is organic fertilizer application a viable alternative to synthetic fertilizer for Piatã grass?" Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales 9, no. 3 (2021): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.17138/tgft(9)300-306.

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Organic fertilizer in many cases can replace mineral fertilizers and in consequence reduce production costs and improve soil quality. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate productive, morphogenic and structural characteristics of Piatã grass (Urochloa brizantha) fertilized with urea, organic compost and biofertilizer throughout a year. The trial design was a block split-plot in time (seasons) design with 4 treatments (fertilizing with urea, organic compost, biofertilizer and Control) and 6 repetitions. The evaluated parameters were: dry matter production (DMP), leaf elongation rate (LER), leaf appearance rate (LAR), phyllochron (PHYL), leaf lifespan (LLS), pseudostem elongation rate (SER), final leaf length (FLL), number of live leaves (NLL) and number of tillers (NT). The highest LAR values were observed during summer and spring for the treatment with urea, which also produced the highest LER values. No difference was found in SER among the fertilizer treatments but all fertilized treatments were superior to Control. NT and DMP values were highest (P<0.05) in the treatment with urea, followed by biofertilizer, organic compost and Control. In conclusion, while the use of urea provided greatest forage production, applying biofertilizer gave superior yields to organic compost. Other benefits of organic fertilizers should be assessed as well as combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers.
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Misran, Misran. "PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN PUPUK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PADI SAWAH." DINAMIKA PERTANIAN 29, no. 2 (2017): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/dp.v29i2.840.

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The use of fertilizers with the right amount could increase the growth and yield of lowland rice. This research aims to determine the effect of fertilizer use on the growth and yield of lowland rice. The experiment was conducted on the farmers field in Sungai Lareh, Koto Tangah District, Padang City of West Sumatera Province, from July to December 2009. Research used Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with five replications. The treatments tested were: (A) Urea + KCl, (B) Urea + SP36, (C) Urea + SP36 + KCl, (D) without fertilizers (as control). The dosages of fertilizer were: 150 kg Urea, 100 kg SP36, and 75 kg KCl per hectare. The results showed that the use of a complete fertilizer (Urea + SP36 + KCl), or combination of Urea + KCl, or combination of Urea + SP36 had a significant effect on the growth and yield compared to without fertilizer treatment. The use of Urea + KCl resulted about 5.04 t/ha dry grains harvest (DGH) or increased grain yield as much as 14.03%, and the use of Urea + SP36 gave the results as much as 5.69 t/ha DGH or increased grain yields as much as 28.73%, and use of a complete fertilizer Urea + SP36 + KCl gave the results 6.13 t/ha DGH or increased yields about 38.69%. Whereas, without fertilized gave only grain yield as much as 4.42 t/ha DGH.
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Andrew, Egbe Enow, Tata Blessing Limbi, and Enow Elsie Ayamoh. "Response of Four Species of Tropical Timber Seedlings to Urea and Folivert Fertilisers in Nursery." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 9 (January 2, 2019): 1579–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v9i0.7970.

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This study explores the effects of different levels of urea and folivert (composite fertilizer) on seedlings growth and chlorophyll concentration of Albizia zygia, Blighia welwitschii, Lophira alata and Pterocarpus soyauxii. The rate of fertilizer application per 5.87kg pot with topsoil was 3, 6, and 9g of both urea and composite fertilizer and a control (top soil only) and it was a complete randomized design. Results indicated that plants treated with 3g of urea produced the highest number of leaves in Albizia zygia seedlings only while 9g of composite fertilizer had the best growth performance in all the other growth variables. Albizia zygia and Blighia welwitschii, seedlings had the best results in soil treated with 6g of composite fertilizer, while Lophira alata and Pterocarpus soyauxii seedlings showed best growth in soils treated with 9g of composite fertilizers for all other parameters. Seedlings of species supplied with 9g of urea gave poorest growth performance. Low root/shoot ratios were obtained for all seedlings except for those of Albizia zygia treated with 6 and 9g of urea that had root/shoot ratios greater than 1.0. The effect of fertilizers on chlorophyll concentration was significantly different only for L. alata (P=0.05). This study therefore brings to light the need to fertilize timber tree seedlings in order to improve on their early growth performances in the field and high doses of nitrogen should be discourage.
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Agustina, Dwi Ulya, Fahmi Arief Rahman, Slamet Supriyadi, and Catur Wasonowati. "EVALUASI PUPUK NITROGEN LEPAS LAMBAT PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)." Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 11, no. 1 (2024): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2024.011.1.11.

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Slow-release fertilizer can provide nutrients more efficiently; nutrients are released and available slowly so that they have the potential to be absorbed by plants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of several slow-release N fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.) in sandy soil. This research was carried out in the greenhouse and laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura. The experiment was arranged on a non-factorial completely randomized design. There were six treatment levels, namely P0 (uncoated urea fertilizer, applied into one application), P1 (uncoated urea fertilizer, split into three times applications), P2 (urea fertilizer with bentonite coating, P3 (urea fertilizer with biochar coating), P4 (urea fertilizer with coal coating), and P5 (urea fertilizer with biochar compost coating). All coated urea fertilizers were applied one time at the early growth of corn. The results showed that the application of slow-release N fertilizer had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, cob length, diameter, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, seed weight per plant, 100 seed weight, and flower age. However, the application of slow-release N fertilizer had a very significant effect on plant height at 42 DAP, the number of leaves at 14 DAP and 56 DAP, and leaf area at 28 DAP and 56 DAP. All coated urea fertilizers were as effective as uncoated urea on the growth and yield of corn.
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Zhang, Yiji, Dongpo Li, Ke Zhang, et al. "The Effects of Long-Term Application of Stabilized and Coated Urea on Soil Chemical Properties, Microbial Community Structure, and Functional Genes in Paddy Fields." Agronomy 13, no. 9 (2023): 2190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092190.

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The addition of fertilizers is indispensable in agricultural production, and currently, there is a wide variety of new types of fertilizers available. For example, commonly used are stabilized fertilizers with inhibitors and coated slow-release fertilizers, among others. However, the long-term effects of these fertilizers, when applied continuously are still uncertain. This study will provide scientific and theoretical support for the development and promotion of these fertilizers. A 16-year paddy field with brown soil treated with different urease and nitrification inhibitors, sulfur-coated urea (SCU), and resin-coated urea (PCU) was studied. The study showed that long-term use of conventional urea nitrogen fertilizer resulted in a significant reduction in soil total phosphorus (TP). Long-term application of NBPT and conventional urea significantly increased soil organic matter (SOM). Moreover, except for HQ and NBPT+DMPP, the prolonged application of new urea fertilizers also significantly enhanced soil total potassium (TK). Application of SCU fertilizer in brown soil type paddy fields resulted in a significant decrease in soil pH over time. However, changes in pH had no effect on the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), as AOB was mainly affected by soil-available N. DMPP, HQ+DCD, NBPT+DMPP, SCU, and PCU significantly reduced the 16S rRNA gene copy number of soil bacteria, with the greatest effect of coated urea fertilizer (SCU and PCU). Long-term application of stable urea fertilizer with HQ significantly reduced the bacterial community in paddy soil. Conversely, HQ+DCD-stabilizede urea fertilizer significantly increased the population structure and abundance of Basidiomycota fungi while decreasing the population structure and abundance of Rozellomycota fungi. DMPP-stabilized urea fertilizer notably increased the population structure and abundance of Ascomycota fungi while decreasing the population structure and abundance of Rozellomycota and Chytridiomycota fungi. Furthermore, HQ-stabilized urea fertilizer significantly reduced the population structure and abundance of Chytridiomycota fungi.
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Richards, J. E., J. Y. Daigle, P. LeBlanc, R. Paulin, and I. Ghanem. "Nitrogen availability and nitrate leaching from organo-mineral fertilizers." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 73, no. 2 (1993): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss93-022.

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Greenhouse, field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine if N availability to corn (Zea mays L.) and NO3 leaching were affected by encapsulating conventional granular fertilizer within peat pellets (organo-mineral fertilizers or OMF). In the greenhouse, total N uptake by three 6-wk crops of corn from soil fertilized with NH4NO3 was 9.1% higher than the mean from soils fertilized with OMF made with urea (OMF-urea) or with NH4NO3 (OMF-AN). Total N uptake was 5.1% higher from soils fertilized with OMF-AN than OMF-urea. Differences in total N uptake among the fertilizers were constant across crops. In two field trials, total N uptake was slightly higher (4%) from soil fertilized with commercial NH4NO3 than with OMF-AN. In a laboratory experiment, NO3 from commercial NH4NO3 fertilizer leached more readily from soil than NO3 from OMF-AN. Approximately 95% of the NO3 from commercial NH4NO3 fertilizer leached from 3-cm soil cores in the first 50 mL of leachate whereas only 26% of the NO3 contained in OMF-AN leached. In another trial, NO3 from commercial NH4NO3 fertilizer leached more deeply than NO3 from OMF-AN after application of 2.5 cm irrigation water to soil in 63-cm leaching columns. Virtually no NO3 was retained within the OMF-AN pellet after leaching, suggesting that the retention of NO3 by OMF-AN used in our work is of limited duration. The OMF is an effective source of N to crops and is less prone to NO3 leaching losses than commercial NH4NO3 fertilizer when rain occurs soon after application. More work is required to determine the effect of pellet size and composition on NO3 retention, NO3 leaching losses and crop availability of N. Key words: Nitrate leaching, corn, organo-mineral fertilizers
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Gamage, Ashoka, Ben Basnayake, Janendra De Costa, and Othmane Merah. "Effects of Rice Husk Biochar Coated Urea and Anaerobically Digested Rice Straw Compost on the Soil Fertility, and Cyclic Effect of Phosphorus." Plants 11, no. 1 (2021): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11010075.

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Fertilizer application in rice farming is an essential requirement. Most of the high-yielding varieties which are extensively grown throughout the country require recommended levels of fertilizers to obtain their potential yields. However, effective, and efficient ways of fertilizer application are of utmost importance. Coated fertilizers are used to reduce leaching nutrients and improve the efficiency of fertilizer. However, conventional coated fertilizers such as Sulphur coated urea and urea super granules are not popular among rice farmers in Sri Lanka owing to the high cost. Mixing urea-coated rice husk biochar causes a slow release of nitrogen fertilizer. This coated fertilizer and rice straw compost reduction the cost of importations of nitrogen-based fertilizers per unit area of cultivation. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of rice husk biochar coated urea and anaerobically digested rice straw compost on the soil fertility, and the cyclic effect of phosphorus. Concerning the pot experiment, rice grain yield was significantly higher in Rice husk biochar coated urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), and muriate of potash (MOP) with anaerobically digested rice straw compost. The lowest yield was observed in the control. The release of phosphate shows a cycle effect which is an important finding. Rice husk biochar coated urea can potentially be used as a slow-releasing nitrogen fertilizer. In addition, the urea coated with biochar is less costly and contributes to mitigating pollution of water bodies by inorganic fertilizers (NPK).
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Cabral, Carlos E. A., Carla H. A. Cabral, Alyce R. M. Santos, et al. "Ammonium sulfate enhances the effectiveness of reactive natural phosphate for fertilizing tropical grasses." Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales 8, no. 2 (2020): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17138/tgft(8)86-92.

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Reactive natural phosphate is a slow and gradual solubilizing fertilizer, which makes it difficult to use in neutral to alkaline soils. Nitrogen fertilizers which acidify the soil may increase the possibility of using this phosphate fertilizer commercially. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to compare responses of Xaraés palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés) and Mombasa guineagrass (Megathyrsus maximus syn. Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa), when different combinations of P and N fertilizers were applied during the establishment phase in non-acidic soils or with corrected acidity. The experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design with 3 fertilizer combinations (simple superphosphate plus urea, SSU; natural reactive phosphate plus urea, RPU; and natural reactive phosphate plus ammonium sulfate, RPAS). There was no difference in tiller density, leaf numbers, forage mass, leaf mass and stem mass for either forage on SSU and RPAS treatments but they exceeded those on RPU. Soil pH was lower in soil fertilized with ammonium sulfate than in soil fertilized with urea. Applying natural reactive phosphate plus ammonium sulfate seems as effective as simple superphosphate plus urea in promoting increased growth in tropical grasses on low-P soils. Longer-term and more extensive field studies are needed to determine if these results can be reproduced in the long term, and the level of soil acidification over time.
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Peacock, Charles H., and Paul F. Daniel. "A Comparison of Turfgrass Response to Biologically Amended Fertilizers." HortScience 27, no. 8 (1992): 883–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.8.883.

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Initial release of N from waste materials used as natural organic N carriers for turfgrass may be slow due to the need for microbial degradation. In a greenhouse study, `Rebel' tall fescue (Festucau arundinacea Schreb.) and `Tifway' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy] growth response to a natural organic fertilizer (Turf Restore) amended or not amended with a soil-derived microbiological inoculum were compared with soluble urea using sterilized and nonsterilized soil. No interactions of soil sterilization and fertilizers were noted at 19 days after treatment (DAT). Urea fertilizer increased tall fescue growth rates by 68% in the nonsterilized soil and 126% in the sterilized soil compared to rates for turf grown with inoculated Turf Restore. Nitrogen uptake rate was 419% higher with urea-fertilized turf in the sterilized soil than for turf fertilized with inoculated Turf Restore. Soil sterilization at 33 DAT no longer affected turf response, but turf growth rate was 133% higher and N uptake 353% higher with urea fertilization than with inoculated Turf Restore. Infection of the plants with Rhizoctonia spp. at 72 DAT was unaffected by fertilizer treatments. Bermudagrass response was similar to that of tall fescue. Growth rate was 67% and N uptake 51% higher with urea than with Turf Restore through 17 DAT, regardless of inoculant addition. Amendment of the natural organic fertilizer Turf Restore with a soil-derived biological inoculant did not enhance turf growth rate or N uptake nor impact infection with Rhizoctonia spp.
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Freitas, Tainah, Lucas Bartelega, César Santos, et al. "Technologies for Fertilizers and Management Strategies of N-Fertilization in Coffee Cropping Systems to Reduce Ammonia Losses by Volatilization." Plants 11, no. 23 (2022): 3323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11233323.

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The aim of this study was to quantify NH3-N losses from conventional, stabilized, slow-release, and controlled-release N fertilizers in a coffee field. The N fertilizers analyzed were prilled urea, prilled urea dissolved in water, ammonium sulfate (AS), ammonium nitrate (AN), urea + Cu + B, urea + adhesive + CaCO3, and urea + NBPT (all with three split applications), as well as blended N fertilizer, urea + elastic resin, urea-formaldehyde, and urea + polyurethane (all applied only once). NH3-N losses (mean of two crop seasons) were statistically higher for urea + adhesive + CaCO3 (27.9% of applied N) in comparison with the other treatments. Loss from prilled urea (23.7%) was less than from urea + adhesive + CaCO3. Losses from urea + NBPT (14.5%) and urea + Cu + B (13.5%) were similar and lower than those from prilled urea. Urea dissolved in water (4.2%) had even lower losses than those treatments, and the lowest losses were observed for AS (0.6%) and AN (0.5%). For the single application fertilizers, higher losses occurred for urea + elastic resin (5.8%), blended N fertilizer (5.5%), and urea + polyurethane (5.2%); and urea-formaldehyde had a lower loss (0.5%). Except for urea + adhesive + CaCO3, all N-fertilizer technologies reduced NH3-N losses compared to prilled urea.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Urea as fertilizer"

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Woodward, Timothy Ryan. "Evaluation of Urea Ammonium-Nitrate Fertilizer Application Methods." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76800.

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Increased nitrogen (N) costs and environmental concerns have created a need to reevaluate current sidedress N application recommendations for corn. Injection of Urea Ammonium-Nitrate (UAN) may reduce N-loss via ammonia (NH?) volatilization compared to current surface application methods. This study evaluated injection and surface-banding application techniques of UAN in two ways: (1) by conducting a laboratory experiment where NH?-N loss was measured from UAN applied by both techniques across varying residue covers; and (2) by performing a field study where the application methods were compared by their effect on corn grain yield, ear leaf tissue N content, and stalk nitrate (NO3). The laboratory system used to compare the NH?-N loss from the UAN application methods was evaluated and found to be capable of providing rapid, accurate, and precise measurements of N loss throughout a range of N rates and conditions. In the laboratory study, injection of UAN reduced NH?-N losses to <1% of applied N. Surface-banding of UAN resulted in NH?-N losses between 15.3 and 32.5% of applied N. Results from the field study suggest that differences between application methods were commonly seen in ear leaf tissue N, where injection of UAN was often found to increase tissue N compared to surface-banding. Also, injection of UAN reduced the optimal N rate by 25 kg N ha?? compared to surface-banding. The results suggest that injection of UAN reduces the potential of NH?-N losses and is a practice worth considering in developing an efficient N fertilizer program.<br>Master of Science
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Hulm, Sharon C. "Fertilizer nitrogen transformations following urea application to an afforested ecosystem." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1987. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU010535.

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Fertilizer nitrogen transformations in two Sitka spruce stands in northeast Scotland were studied using 15N-labelled (2.5 atom % 15N) urea at a rate equivalent to 160 kg N ha-1. The use of urea fertilizer resulted in accelerated growth of the tree crowns, and higher concentrations of total N in foliage, twigs and new wood. There was no fertilizer effect observed for bark. Despite a positive growth response by the trees to fertilizer N, only an estimated 17% of applied-N was utilized by the tree biomass. Application of urea-N resulted in a reduction in the leaching of inorganic N and certain cations (particularly Ca 2+). Gaseous losses of N were elevated following urea application, but estimated losses of fertilizer N via NH3 volatilization and denitrification were negligible. Data from both sites indicated a retention of volatilized NH3 in the tree canopy which was returned to the soil in throughfall. Urea application to the forest floor resulted in elevated pH of the LFH for a period of about 100 days. Urea application also led to a flush of acetic acid extractable PO4-P in the LFH. The addition of urea also resulted in increased counts of bacteria in the LFH. Data indicacted that elevated NO3- concentrations in the LFH may have been due to bacterial nitrification. Little effect of fertilizer N was observed for mineral soil, with a retention of the bulk of fertilizer N in the LFH.
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Xie, Rongjing. "Animal manures and urea as nitrogen sources for corn production in Québec." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64482.

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Fan, Mingxiang. "Urea and acidic phosphate interactions in fertilizer microsites and their effect on corn (Zea mays L.) yield and nutrient use efficiency." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41334.

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Fertilizer applications of urea and triple superphosphate (TSP) suffer from low efficiency for corn production. Band or broadcast application of urea with acidic-P fertilizers may increase fertilizer efficiency. Urea and acidic-P fertilizer interactions in soil-fertilizer microsites were investigated using two Quebec soils. Adding acidic phosphates such as TSP and monoammonium phosphate (MAP) to urea reduced pH in microsites, urea hydrolysis, NH$ sb3$ volatilization, and increased soil NH$ sb4$- and NO$ sb3$-N contents. Ammonia loss decreased as P$ rm sb2O sb5$: urea-N ratios increased. Adding urea to P fertilizer increased soil pH and P sorption when using CaCl$ sb2$ as the electrolyte. Urea application increased 0.5 M NaHCO$ sb3$ extractable P. Banding urea with TSP caused dissolution of organic matter in soils, and increased P diffusion and P concentration in soil solution sampled with filter paper or in 1 M KCl extraction. Two years of field experiments demonstrated that banding urea with TSP or MAP increased soil extractable P (Mehlich-3), N and P nutrient uptake, plant growth and development of corn. Greater P fertilizer efficiencies and higher yields were achieved by banding urea-acidic P fertilizers.
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Arizal, Ridha. "A slow-release urea fertilizer based on a natural rubber matrix." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1988. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10451.

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By the year 2000 increase to around SYNOPSIS the world 6 billion population for which output of between 1.5 to 2 times that is an of required. Since the cultivated land areas are expand by only 20%, there will be an absolute expected to agricultural 1980 will be expected need that to the use of nitrogen fertilizers as the most limiting factor in agricultural output must be increased. The most popular nitrogen fertilizer today is urea. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations estimated that 40-70% of nitrogen fertilizers are wasted through leaching, ammonia volatilization and denitrification during application causing serious environmental problems. It is doubtful that the present available method commonly used in agriculture can increase agricultural output without any consequences for the environment. The heavy use of nitrogen fertilizers has been blamed for increasing the nitrate content in drinking water especially in' Western Europe. Nitrates could cause methaemoglobinaemia in babies and cancer in adults. The EEC has expressed its concern by limiting the amount of nitrate in water intended for human consumption. One of t!1e approaches most often suggest'ed to avoid losses of nitrogen from agricultural 'land is by using slow-release nitrogen fertilizers of which Sulphur Coated Urea (SCU) is probably the most widely known commercial slow-release fertilizer. However, the cost of producing SCU has limited its development as a commercial product and because of its brittleness, coatings may crack during shipment. Natural rubber due to its specific properties can be mixed, using the conventional method of rubber technology, forming a flexible rubber-urea matrix having slow-release characteristic when immersed in water. Work showed that the release rate increased with urea concentration and temperature. A special "split feeding" mixing technique was developed during this work and found necessary for a good product to result. Unlike urea which is dissolved within seconds in water, the rubber-urea matrix slowly releases up to 50% of , 0 its urea d~ring8 weeks soaking period at 25 c. Leaching experiments using soil columns showed that the matrix could regulate the release of urea. Ryegrass was used for pot growing experiment in green house conditions to examine the rubber-urea matrix's fertilizer ability. Undiluted commercial urea damaged the young grass plants during germination while the matrix didn't cause any adverse effects. The results, with normal watering (harvested on week 10), demonstrate that nitrogen content of grass without urea ,addition was 2.14% of its dry weight. With commercial urea, the leaves contains 2.53% nitrogen. 'The pot growing experiments with the rubber-urea matrix (70% urea) produced grass with 2.76% of nitrogen in the grass while with other rubber-urea matrix compositions (75% urea) then 3.03% of nitrogen was found in the grass leaves. Higher watering levels reduced the nitrogen content of the grass in all cases, except for the case the rubber-urea matrix having 75% urea.
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Yusran, Fadly Hairannoor. "Triple superphosphate and urea effects on availability of nutrients in the fertilizer band for soybean (Glycine max L.) growth with emphasis on molybdenum." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69710.

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Fertilizer applications of urea and triple superphosphate (TSP) may affect availability of plant nutrients in the soil through alteration of soil pH and sorption-displacement effects. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate urea and TSP effects on nutrient availability to soybean (Glycine max L.). Field experiments were carried out on three Quebec soils; a Chicot sandy clay loam (Gleyed Melanic Brunisol), an Ormstown silty clay loam (Luvic Gleysol) and a Ste. Rosalie clay (Humic Gleysol). Three levels of TSP (0, 40, 80 kg $ rm P sb2O sb5 ha sp{-1}),$ and three levels of urea (0, 25, 50 kg N ha$ sp{-1})$ were incubated in the field and sampled at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks. Added TSP increased extractable P and decreased NO$ sb3$-N. Overall, alterations in nutrients other than N and P with added TSP or urea were not agronomically significant. There was increased concentration of N, P and Mo in soybean in some soils due to TSP application. Added urea increased Mg concentration in soybean. The concentration and uptake of Mo was positively correlated with soil extractable P and Mg. Consequently, application of TSP and urea together improved Mo uptake in the Chicot soil, while in slightly acid soils, Ormstown and Ste. Rosalie, TSP alone increased Mo uptake.
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Hassan, Zainal Abidin Bin. "The viability of rubber encapsulated urea as a slow release nitrogen fertilizer." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280444.

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Noellsch, Adam J. "Optimizing crop N use efficiency using polymer-coated urea and other N fertilizer sources across landscapes with claypan soils." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5643.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on September 12, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Medeiros, João A. S. "Management alternatives for urea use in corn and wheat production." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4533.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (February 9, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Ahmed, Mohammad. "Market structure, producers conduct, and foreign trade : a case study of urea fertilizer trade." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385405.

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Books on the topic "Urea as fertilizer"

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Yadav, D. S. PL-480 scheme on fate and efficiency of urea based N fertilisers for rice in India: Final report, 1-7-84 to 11-1-88. Dept. of Agronomy, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, 1988.

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Thompson, Thomas P. The social performance of an innovative method of rice fertilization in Southern Asia. IFDC, 2007.

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C, Landa. Evolution de l'azote minéral appliqué dans une plantation de jeunes caféiers arabica à Kayanza (Burundi). Institut des sciences agronomiques du Burundi, Dép. de l'aménagement du milieu, 1986.

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Kulkarni, Krishnarao Ramrao. Final report of PL-480 project on fate and efficiency of urea based N-fertilizers for rice in India (1984-1988). All India Coordinated Agronomic Research Project, 1989.

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Misra, C. PL-480 project on "fate and efficiency of urea based N fertilisers for rice in India": Final technical report (March 19, 1988). Dept. of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology, 1988.

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Kulkarni, Krishnarao Ramrao. Final report of PL-480 project on fate and efficiency of urea based N-fertilizers for rice in India (1984-1988). All India Coordinated Agronomic Research Project, 1989.

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Yadav, D. S. PL-480 scheme on fate and efficiency of urea based N fertilisers for rice in India: Final report, 1-7-84 to 11-1-88. Dept. of Agronomy, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, 1988.

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Misra, C. PL-480 project on "fate and efficiency of urea based N fertilisers for rice in India": Final technical report (March 19, 1988). Dept. of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology, 1988.

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United States International Trade Commission. Urea from the German Democratic Republic, Romania, and the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics: Determinations of the Commission in investigations nos. 731-TA-338 through 340 (preliminary) under the Tariff Act of 1930, together with the information obtained in the investigations. U.S. International Trade Commission, 1986.

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Cā, Māṇikkam Tā. Fate and efficiency of urea based fertilizers in India: Nitrogen transformations and efficiency of different forms of urea based fertilizers for rice : final technical report. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Urea as fertilizer"

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Hignett, Travis P. "Urea." In Fertilizer Manual. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1538-6_9.

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Yahya, Noorhana. "Urea Fertilizer: The Global Challenges and Their Impact to Our Sustainability." In Green Urea. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7578-0_1.

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Malhi, S. S., and K. Heier. "Improving effectiveness of urea as a forage fertilizer." In Plant Nutrition — from Genetic Engineering to Field Practice. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1880-4_101.

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Kumarasinghe, K. S., and D. L. Eskew. "Increasing fertilizer use efficiency of urea using Azolla." In Isotopic Studies of Azolla and Nitrogen Fertilization of Rice. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1681-7_12.

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Kumar, Arun, Pardeep Goel, Deepika Garg, and Atma Sahu. "System Behavior Analysis in the Urea Fertilizer Industry." In Data Science and Analytics. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8527-7_1.

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Roshanravan, Bita, Fariba Mahdavi, and Suraya Abdul Rashid. "Nitrogen Release Properties of Urea–Kaolinite Controlled Release Fertilizer with Chitosan Binder." In From Sources to Solution. Springer Singapore, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4560-70-2_5.

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Bremner, J. M. "Recent research on problems in the use of urea as a nitrogen fertilizer." In Nitrogen Economy in Tropical Soils. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1706-4_30.

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Nishiyama, F., and M. Yoshiba. "Resin-coated urea fertilizer use efficiency in direct seeding culture of paddy rice." In Plant Nutrition for Sustainable Food Production and Environment. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0047-9_209.

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Moniruzzaman and Md Sadique Rahman. "Role of Urea Super Granule (USG) Applicator in Efficient Management of Nitrogen Fertilizer." In Agri-Tech Approaches for Nutrients and Irrigation Water Management. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003441175-11.

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Ulfa, R., I. Machdar, S. Suhendrayatna, and Y. Yunardi. "Optimization of Struvite Batch Crystallization Reactor for Recovery Process from Urea Fertilizer Plant Wastewater." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0736-3_39.

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Conference papers on the topic "Urea as fertilizer"

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Vicar, Nicoleta, Adina Berbecea, Alina Lato, Liliana Brei, and Isidora Raduloiv. "INFLUENCE OF COATED UREA APPLICATION ON SOIL ORGANIC CARBON SEQUESTRATION." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/4.2/s19.31.

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The application of nitrogen fertilizers in the form of urea tends to increase acidity, especially on low pH soils, and as a result can lead to increased aluminum toxicity, which can adversely affect not only soil properties such as microbial activity, but also productivity. Application of different types of urea with inhibitors to reduce nitrogen losses would result in a different carbon response to fertilizers applications for the same soil type because of differences in soil micro-environment, including microbial biomass and activity. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of applying different forms of urea on the content of total nitrogen, organic carbon, phosphorus and assimilable potassium. The experiment was set up in the Western Plain of Banat, on soil with weak acid pH and medium nitrogen supply. The research was carried out on autumn oilseed rape crops, in the following fertilization variants and application rates: UREE 46% total N; UREE Z 45.7% N total with nitrification inhibitor up to 80%; UREE ZL 45.7% N total with urease inhibitor up to 50%; UREE NDP 45.7% N total with urease inhibitor up to 50% and nitrification inhibitor up to 80%; UREE DMPP 45.7% N total with volatilization reduction up to 95%. For these crops, 300 kg/ha 16:16:16 complex fertilizer and 120 kg/ha UREE were applied, from the described above varieties. There were no significant differences in soil pH and total nitrogen, available potassium increased significantly, and available phosphorus decreased slightly in all treatments. Application of stabilized and coated urea fertilizers resulted in a moderate improvement in soil SOC.
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Kirova-Yordanova, Zornitza. "Thermodynamic Evaluation of Energy Integration and Cogeneration in Ammonia and Urea Production Complexes." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20515.

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Energy integration and cogeneration are commonly used in large mineral fertilizer production complexes for many years. Production of nitrogen fertilizers is an energy intensive industry branch consuming about 5200 PJ of fossil fuels, mainly natural gas. Urea is the major straight nitrogen fertilizer with 46% nitrogen content, and the total production of 155 MM metric tons yearly. About 600–900 kg MP or HP steam and 50–120 kWh electricity per ton urea are consumed in modern low energy urea plants. In this work the exergy method is used to analyze the dependence of the primary energy consumption and GHG emissions in the ammonia and urea production complexes on basic parameters of the subsystems (ammonia and urea production units and CHP plant) and on the allocation of the additional fuel (natural gas) burning and steam generation. The results show that the most effective allocation scheme depends mainly on the relative efficiencies of the subsystems and mashinery (compressors and steam turbines).
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Lato, Alina, Isidora Radulov, Adina Berbecea, Alina Neacsu, and Iaroslav Lato. "UREA FERTILIZERS EFFICIENCY UPON QUALITY PARAMETERS OF WINTER CROPS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/6.2/s25.45.

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Nowadays, wheat is the most important food source worldwide and rapeseed has become one of the alternative sources of energy, that is, biofuel. In the current global economic context, the practice of intensive farming, by applying large amounts of fertilizers is no longer sustained, mostly because of the negative environmental impact and also because of the high prices of fertilizers. It is imperatively necessary to practice an efficient management of nitrogen fertilizer, in order to avoid both environmental and economic negative consequences in the future years. The cereals, as wheat and oil crops, as rapeseed are characterized from the point of view of quality parameters by their content in protein and oil. These two important quality parameters are strongly related by the nitrogen fertilization level, soil type, but also by the climate conditions during the vegetation period. The three experimental fields are located in the Banat Plain, in Western Romania, on different soil types having various fertility properties. The experiment is based on studying the effect of different urea fertilizers: with nitrification inhibitor and urease inhibitor versus classic urea, in different amounts. The conclusion reached is that the most efficient nitrogen fertilizer for wheat and rapeseed crops, was nitrification inhibitor urea.
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Yulis Setyawan, Hendrix. "THE POTENTIAL OF PALM WASTE BIOCHAR FOR SLOW RELEASE FERTILIZER." In International conference on Innovation and Technology. JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiat.2021.se.01.017.

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Charcoal-based fertilizers can be improved in quality by nutrient impregnation and modified to provide nutrients gradually (slow release fertilizer-SRF). SRF fertilizer can be made by using a coating in the form of charcoal from the pyrolysis of palm oil waste. Raw palm oil waste from Bantur District, Malang, East Java, for the soaking process with fertilizers, there are two different types of fertilizers, namely organic (EM4) and inorganic (Urea) fertilizers, after which they are pyrolyzed and the characteristic results are obtained. Based on the research results, waste oil palm has the potential to be developed into a Slow Release Fertilizer. The content of water, ash, and volatile matter was found in the fertilizer which was soaked for 72 hours (3 days), while the bound carbon content was found in the soaking for 72 hours (3 days).
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"Performance analysis of chicken manure coated slow-release urea fertilizer (CM-CSRUF)." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-11.

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Abstract. Slow-release fertilizers (SRFs) are developed, to halt the nutrient loss to the environment, either by coating the urea or by infusing the urea in a hydrophobic material. SRFs reduces the nutrient release to that point where a single application of fertilizer can meet the nutrient demand of the plants. Diverse range of materials have already been utilized to produce SRFs, however several disadvantages such hydrophilicity, non-biodegradability and crystallinity limit their scale up. Herein, we reported the production of coating of urea using chicken manure with paraffin wax as a binder. Nitrogen release test of the coated urea revealed that only 11.8% of total nutrients were released in first 12 h whereas uncoated urea released ≥99.9 % nutrients. Ritger-Peppas model was found to best fit the nutrient release kinetic data with an R2 value of 0.97.
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Sunardi, Ersha Mayori, and Uripto Trisno Santoso. "Alginate-starch micro beads as a slow release urea fertilizer." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY, CHEMICAL PROCESS AND ENGINEERING (IC3PE). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0062226.

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Ghumman, Ali Shaan Manzoor, Rashid Shamsuddin, Arief Aizat Rosman, Mohamed Izzat Haziq, and Hamad AlMohamadi. "Development of Slow-release urea fertilizer using inverse vulcanized copolymers." In 24TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE ON RADIO-FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0121117.

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Jundt, Emily, Kaustav Majumder, and Bijesh Maharjan. "Does Soil Nutrient Management with Nitrogen Fertilizer Increase Protein Content in Leguminous Plants." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/qgrx4847.

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Dry edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are leguminous plants and are an excellent source of dietary proteins. Great Northern (GN) beans are a market class of dry edible beans and a major agricultural commodity in Nebraska. Soil nutrient management with nitrogen (N) fertilizer can enhance bean production by increasing N uptake, potentially improving protein quantity, and resulting in a potential economic benefit to bean farmers. Thus, this experiment aims to evaluate and optimize the effects of N treatment on yield, total protein, and soluble protein in GN beans. Seven treatments were tested, consisting of two controls and 5 treatments of urea at different rates. This field trial used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) structure, with four replications per treatment. GN beans were planted in May 2021, fertilized in June, and harvested in September 2021. Yield was calculated, total protein content was measured via the Dumas method, and soluble protein content was analyzed by Lowry’s protein estimation method. Bean yield linearly increased with fertilizer N rate. Bean yield ranged from 3260 lbs/ac at 0 lbs N/ac to 3710 lbs/ac at 125 lbs N/ac. Results also showed that both total and soluble protein content in GN beans linearly increased with applied N rate. The urea treatment at a rate of 100 and 125 lbs /ac increased the total protein content by 1.0 and 2.9%, respectively. Soluble protein content increased by 1.2 and 1.8% when urea was applied at rates of 100 and 125 lbs/ac, respectively. As the demand for plant-based protein continues to grow, it brings a large market for legume proteins that can be optimized with N management. The use of N management to enhance the bean quality by increasing total and soluble protein will add more economic value to the GN beans and benefit the bean growers.
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Ajdary, Khalil, and Hamid Zare Abianeh. "Modeling of nitrogen leaching by using urea fertilizer in sandy loam soil." In Proceedings of the III International Conference on Environmental, Industrial and Applied Microbiology (BioMicroWorld2009). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814322119_0017.

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Silviana, S., Atikah Ayu Janitra, Erwin Ade Pratama Pangihutan Sagala, Silvie Elmia Sari, Afriza Ni’matus Sa’adah, and Febio Dalanta. "Modification of mesoporous silica using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as slow-release urea fertilizer." In TOWARD ADAPTIVE RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR FUTURE LIFE. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0114910.

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Reports on the topic "Urea as fertilizer"

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Miller, Richard E., Jim Smith, and Harry Anderson. Detecting response of Douglas-fir plantations to urea fertilizer at three locations in the Oregon Coast Range. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-533.

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Killorn, Randy, and Jeffrey Moore. Comparison of ESN and Urea as Sources of Fall- and Spring-Applied N Fertilizer for Corn Production. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-915.

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Killorn, Randy, and Jeffrey Moore. Comparison of ESN, Urea, and Aqua Ammonia as Sources of Spring-Applied N Fertilizer for Corn Production. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-988.

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Miller, Richard E., Edmund L. Obermeyer, and Harry W. Anderson. Comparative effects of precommercial thinning, urea fertilizer, and red alder in a site II, coast Douglas-fir plantation. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-513.

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Miller, Richard E., Harry W. Anderson, Marshall Murray, and Rick Leon. Comparative effects of urea fertilizer and red alder in a site III, coast Douglas-fir plantation in the Washington Cascade Range. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-565.

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Strey, Daniel J., and Nick E. Christians. Comparison of Polymer-coated Urea Fertilizers. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-883.

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Miller, Richard E., Donald L. Reukema, and John W. Hazard. Ammonium nitrate, urea, and biuret fertilizers increase volume growth of 57-year-old Douglas-fir trees within a gradient of nitrogen deficiency. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-490.

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Shtienberg, Dan, William Fry, Amos Dinoor, Thomas Zitter, and Uzi Kafkafi. Reduction in Pesticide Use in Plant Disease Control by Integration of Chemical and Non-Chemical Factors. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613027.bard.

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The long term goal of this research project was to improve control efficiency of Alternaria diseases while reducing fungicide use, by integration of chemical and non-chemical factors. Non-chemical factors were genotype resistance, age-related resistance and fertilizers. The Specific objectives were: 1) To quantify changes in resistance among genotypes and over time in terms of disease development and specific phases of the disease cycle; 2) To quantify the effects of fertilizers applied to the foliage alone, or in combination with a fungicide, on disease development; 3) To quantify the relative contribution of genotype resistance, age-related resistance and fungicide type to the reduction of disease development; 4) To develop a strategy for integration of chemical and non-chemical factors which will achieve optimal disease suppression. The influence of physiological age of cotton plants and of the individual leaves, on disease incidence and on the rate of lesion expansion of A. macrospora was examined on leaves sampled from the field. Both parameters increased with the physiological age of individual leaves but were not affected by the age of the whole plant. The hypothesis that enrichment of the foliage with nitrogen and potassium may enhance host resistance to Alternaria and thus reduce disease severity, was examined for potato and tomato (A. solani ) and for cotton (A. macrospora ). Under controlled environment conditions, application of urea or KNO3 resulted in some reduction in disease development; however, foliar application of both nutrients (8-10 sprays in total) did not affect Alternaria severity in the field. Systemic fungicides against Alternaria (e.g. , tebuconazole and difenoconazole) are more effective than the commonly used protectant fungicides (e.g. mancozeb and chlorothalonil). Concepts for the integration of genotype resistance, age-related resistances and fungicide for the suppression of Alternaria diseases were developed and evaluated. It was found that reduction in host resistance, with age and among genotypes, can be compensated for by adjusting the intensity of fungicide applications, i.e. by increasing the frequency of sprays and by spraying systemic fungicides towards the end of the season. In, moderately resistant cultivars protection can be achieved by spraying at longer intervals than susceptible cultivars. The concepts for integration were evaluated in field trials for cotton, potatoes and tomatoes. By following these concepts it was possible to save up to five sprays out of 8-10 in a growing season.
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