Academic literature on the topic 'Urinary detrusor'
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Journal articles on the topic "Urinary detrusor"
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Musci, R., V. Franchini, T. Meroni, O. De Cobelli, B. Frea, G. Bovo, A. M. Milella, E. Rossi, F. Franzetti, and U. Pea. "Neurogenic urinary dysfunction in AIDS patients." Urologia Journal 61, no. 2 (April 1994): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039406100209.
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From May 1992 to December 1993 (17 months), 18 patients with AIDS, 15 male and 3 female, age range from 25 to 50, were found to have severe voiding disorders related to neurogenic bladder dysfunction. All patients underwent neurologic, urologic and immunologic evaluation and were staged as AIDS-IVB. The neurological evaluation demonstrated: cryptococcal abscess of the brain in 1 patient, progressive and diffuse leukoencephalopathy in 3 patients, AIDS Dementia Complex in 3 patients and no neurologic abnormalities in 11 patients. The urodynamic tests demonstrated: detrusor areflexia in 5 patients, detrusor hyperreflexia with external sphincter dyssynergia in 5 patients, detrusor hyperreflexia with external sphincter dyssynergia and vesico-ureferai reflux in 1 patient, detrusor hyperreflexia without dyssynergia in 7 patients.
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Sakakibara, Ryuji, Ayami Shimizu, Osamu Takahashi, Fuyuki Tateno, Masahiko Kishi, Yosuke Aiba, Hiroyoshi Suzuki, Tatsuya Yamamoto, Chiharu Shibata, and Tomonori Yamanishi. "Lower Urinary Tract Function in Familial Spastic Paraplegia." European Neurology 80, no. 3-4 (2018): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000494030.
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In order to investigate lower urinary tract function in hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), we recruited 12 HSP patients: 8 men, 4 women; mean age, 64.6 years; mean disease duration, 18.9 years; walk without cane, 2, walk with cane, 6, wheelchair bound, 3. We performed urinary symptom questionnaires and a urodynamic testing in all patients. As a result, urinary symptoms were observed in all but 3, including urinary urgency/frequency (also called overactive bladder) in 9 and hesitancy/poor stream in 6. Urodynamic abnormalities included detrusor overactivity during bladder filling in 10, underactive detrusor on voiding in 8 (detrusor hyperactivity with impaired contraction [DHIC] in 5), detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) on voiding in 3, and post-void residual in 5. Sphincter electromyography showed neurogenic motor unit potential in 4. In conclusion, we observed high frequency of urinary symptoms in HSP. Urodynamics indicated that the main mechanism is DHIC with/without DSD for their urinary symptom, and sacral cord involvement in some cases. These findings facilitate patients’ care including clean, intermittent catheterization.
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Andersson, Karl-Erik, and Anders Arner. "Urinary Bladder Contraction and Relaxation: Physiology and Pathophysiology." Physiological Reviews 84, no. 3 (July 2004): 935–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00038.2003.
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The detrusor smooth muscle is the main muscle component of the urinary bladder wall. Its ability to contract over a large length interval and to relax determines the bladder function during filling and micturition. These processes are regulated by several external nervous and hormonal control systems, and the detrusor contains multiple receptors and signaling pathways. Functional changes of the detrusor can be found in several clinically important conditions, e.g., lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and bladder outlet obstruction. The aim of this review is to summarize and synthesize basic information and recent advances in the understanding of the properties of the detrusor smooth muscle, its contractile system, cellular signaling, membrane properties, and cellular receptors. Alterations in these systems in pathological conditions of the bladder wall are described, and some areas for future research are suggested.
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Gorbunov, Aleksandr I., Aleksandr N. Murav’ev, Evgenij G. Sokolovich, and Petr K. Yablonsky. "Neurogenic urinary disorders in patients with tuberculous spondylitis before and after surgical treatment." Urology reports (St. - Petersburg) 11, no. 1 (May 27, 2021): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/uroved52482.
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ABSTRACT: Tuberculosis inflammation of vertebral column (spondylitis) can lead to neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. There is lack of available publications for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction in spinal tuberculosis.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate urodynamic disturbances in spinal tuberculosis before and after surgery for spondylitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We observed 19 patients with spinal tuberculosis, who had symptoms of micturitions impairment. 14 patients (73,6%) were male and 5 (26,4%) were female, average age was 43,7 7,9 years (2766). Control evaluation was performed after surgery on day 2128.
RESULTS: Before surgery we found detrusor overactivity in 11 (57,9%) patients and 2 of those with detrusor overactivity had detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. Detrusor hypo-/acontractility was diagnosed in 8 (42,1%). After surgery 5 patients (26,3%) exhibited improvement, in one case urodynamic disturbances were resolved. One patient developed detrusor overactivity and incontinence de novo and one patient had worsening neurological status, loss of sensitivity and acontractile bladder.
CONCLUSION: Variable lower urinary tract dysfunction can be diagnosed in spinal tuberculosis. Only 26,3% of patients have improvement after surgery. New conditions or worsening of previous neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions can be observed.
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Griffiths, D. J., C. E. Constantinou, and R. van Mastrigt. "Urinary bladder function and its control in healthy females." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 251, no. 2 (August 1, 1986): R225—R230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1986.251.2.r225.
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Recordings in eight healthy female volunteers of bladder (detrusor) pressure and flow rate, obtained during bladder filling and during voiding, both through the urethra and through a catheter, demonstrate that a model of bladder function in which the detrusor muscle is considered as completely passive during filling and fully activated during voiding is inadequate. Assessment of the detrusor contraction strength by a new method (described in APPENDIX A) shows that in ideal normal voidings the contraction strength rises to values of 11-24 W/m2 and is sustained or rises slightly until the bladder is empty. During unstable detrusor contractions, which even in these healthy women are observed during bladder filling and also during inhibited voidings through the urethra, the contraction is weaker. During voidings through a catheter the detrusor contraction is weak, variable, and fades away before the bladder is empty. An elementary feedback analysis demonstrates that the effect of the micturition reflex governing detrusor behavior differs according to whether or not voiding is taking place. The reflex does not lead to a simple on-off mechanism but to a more complex behavior that is consistent with the observations and that appears to be important for the understanding of pathological obstructed micturition.
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OKAMOTO-KOIZUMI, Takako, Masayuki TAKEDA, Takeshi KOMEYAMA, Akihiko HATANO, Makoto TAMAKI, Takaki MIZUSAWA, Toshiki TSUTSUI, et al. "Pharmacological and molecular biological evidence for ETA endothelin receptor subtype mediating mechanical responses in the detrusor smooth muscle of the human urinary bladder." Clinical Science 96, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0960397.
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The aim of this study was to characterize endothelin receptor subtypes of the detrusor muscle of the human urinary bladder. The receptor subtypes mediating endothelin (ET)-1-induced activity in the human detrusor smooth muscles have been characterized using isometric contraction and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). ET-1 (a non-selective ET receptor agonist; 10-10 M to 10-6 M) exhibited concentration-dependent contractions in human urinary bladder with a plateau at concentrations above 3×10-7 M. Neither IRL1620 nor sarafotoxin S6c (both ETB-selective agonists; 10-10 M to 10-6 M) elicited contractile activity in the human urinary bladder detrusor smooth muscle. FR139317 (an ETA-selective antagonist; 10-7 M to 10-5 M) produced a marked shift to the right of the ET-1 concentration–response curve in human urinary bladder detrusor smooth muscle (from the Schild plot TpA2 = 7.96; slope = 0.95). In contrast, RES701-1 (an ETB-selective antagonist; 10-7 M to 10-5 M) had no effect on the ET-1 concentration–response curve. RT–PCR revealed positive amplification of ETA receptor mRNA fragment, but not ETB. These results indicate that the ET-1-induced contractile effects of urinary bladder detrusor smooth muscle seem to be mediated mainly by the ETA receptor, not by the ETB receptor.
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Heppner, Thomas J., Jeffrey J. Layne, Jessica M. Pearson, Hagop Sarkissian, and Mark T. Nelson. "Unique properties of muscularis mucosae smooth muscle in guinea pig urinary bladder." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 301, no. 2 (August 2011): R351—R362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00656.2010.
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The muscularis mucosae, a type of smooth muscle located between the urothelium and the urinary bladder detrusor, has been described, although its properties and role in bladder function have not been characterized. Here, using mucosal tissue strips isolated from guinea pig urinary bladders, we identified spontaneous phasic contractions (SPCs) that appear to originate in the muscularis mucosae. This smooth muscle layer exhibited Ca2+ waves and flashes, but localized Ca2+ events (Ca2+ sparks, purinergic receptor-mediated transients) were not detected. Ca2+ flashes, often in bursts, occurred with a frequency (∼5.7/min) similar to that of SPCs (∼4/min), suggesting that SPCs are triggered by bursts of Ca2+ flashes. The force generated by a single mucosal SPC represented the maximal force of the strip, whereas a single detrusor SPC was ∼3% of maximal force of the detrusor strip. Electrical field stimulation (0.5–50 Hz) evoked force transients in isolated detrusor and mucosal strips. Inhibition of cholinergic receptors significantly decreased force in detrusor and mucosal strips (at higher frequencies). Concurrent inhibition of purinergic and cholinergic receptors nearly abolished evoked responses in detrusor and mucosae. Mucosal SPCs were unaffected by blocking small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels with apamin and were unchanged by blocking large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels with iberiotoxin (IbTX), indicating that SK and BK channels play a much smaller role in regulating muscularis mucosae SPCs than they do in regulating detrusor SPCs. Consistent with this, BK channel current density in myocytes from muscularis mucosae was ∼20% of that in detrusor myocytes. These findings indicate that the muscularis mucosae in guinea pig represents a second smooth muscle compartment that is physiologically and pharmacologically distinct from the detrusor and may contribute to the overall contractile properties of the urinary bladder.
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Al-Shukri, S. Kh, T. G. Giorgobiani, R. E. Amdiy, and A. S. Al-Shukri. "Urinary dysfunction in patients with unsatisfactory results of surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia." Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery 176, no. 6 (December 28, 2017): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2017-176-6-66-70.
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OBJECTIVE. The study aimed to develop diagnostics and treatment of urinary dysfunction in patients with unsatisfactory results of surgery of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIAL AND METHODS. The urodynamic studies were made for 93 (72,7 %) patients after transurethral resection of the prostate and 35 (27,3 %) patients after open adenomectomy. All the patients had urinary dysfunctions after surgery of BPH. RESULTS. Detrusor hyperactivity was revealed in 51 (39,9 %) patients. Detrusor hypoactivity was noted in 21 (16,4 %) patients. Combination of detrusor hyperactivity during storage phase and detrusor hypoactivity during emptying phase had 25 (19,5 %) patients. Infravesical obstruction was detected in 22 (17,2 %). Urgent incontinence was diagnosed in 10 cases. There were 9 patients with signs of stress and condition combined with predomination of stress component. Treatment depended on the causes of urination dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS. Results of urodynamic studies allowed doctors to implement pathogenically verified therapy of urinary dysfunction after surgery of benign prostatic hyperplasia and improve its efficacy.
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Noronha, R., H. Akbarali, A. Malykhina, R. D. Foreman, and Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld. "Changes in urinary bladder smooth muscle function in response to colonic inflammation." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 293, no. 5 (November 2007): F1461—F1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00311.2007.
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Visceral organ “cross talk” is suspected to contribute to multiorgan symptomatology found in conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome and interstitial cystitis. The goal of the present study was to investigate the short- and long-term effects of acute colitis on bladder detrusor muscle contractility. We hypothesized that inflammation of the colon leads to changes in bladder function via direct changes in detrusor smooth muscle contractility. In this study, colonic inflammation was induced in male rats via an enema of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) (50 mg/kg, 0.5 ml, 25% ethanol). Colitis was confirmed using gross morphology, histology, and measurements of myeloperoxidase activity. Saline enema-treated rats served as controls. Three, 15, and 30 days postenema treatment, bladder detrusor muscle contractility was investigated in response to electrical field stimulation (EFS), cholinergic agonism with carbachol (CCh), and KCl. During active colonic inflammation ( day 3 post-TNBS enema), the bladder detrusor muscle appeared normal and showed no significant inflammation. However, abnormalities in bladder detrusor muscle contractility occurred in response to EFS and CCh but not KCl. During and after recovery from colonic inflammation ( days 15 and 30 post-TNBS enema), changes in bladder detrusor muscle contractility in response to EFS and CCh returned to control levels. We found that a transient colonic inflammatory insult significantly attenuates the amplitude of bladder detrusor muscle contractions in vitro, at least in part, through changes in cholinergic innervation, which are reversible after recovery from the colitis.
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Rusina, Yelena Ivanovna. "The role of complex preoperative urodynamic testing of continent women when planning surgery for pelvic organ prolapse." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 63, no. 1 (December 15, 2014): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd63117-25.
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Women with significant genitourinary prolapse may be continent in spite of a weak urethral sphincter because of kinking of the poorly supported urethra. After the surgery for prolapse 19-30 % of the patients identify “occult” urinary incontinence due to a weak urethral sphincter. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of complex urodynamic testing to identify “occult” urinary incontinence, neuromuscular dysfunction of the bladder and urethra for adequate combined therapy. Methods: 257 female patients with no urinary incontinence at the age of 30-86 years old were examined, before the surgery the pelvic organ prolapse of II-IV stages was reduced by Simps vaginal speculum: 102 women were clinically tested, and 155 women were complexly (clinically and urodynamically) evaluated. In addition to clinical examination urodynamic testing was made. Complex examination was repeated to all of them after 1-3 and 12-36 months after the operation. Results: Decrease of values of abdominal pressure transmission (APT) of less than 100 % was found significantly more often (38 ± 3.9 %) compared to a positive cough test while clinical exami-nation(19.4 ± 3.2 %) P < 0.001. Preoperatively detrusor overactivity was diagnosed in 12.5 ± 3.5 % and 11.8 ± 4.2 % cases, urethral instability - in 3.1 ± 1.7 % and 5.1 ± 2.8 % cases, detrusor sphincter dyssynergy - in 3.1 ± 1.7 % and 1.7 ± 1.6 % cases, detrusor hypotonia in 9.4 ± 3.0 % and 13.5 ± 4.4 % cases of patients with APT of more than 100 % and less than 100 % respectively. Patients with detrusor overactivity, urethral instability, detrusor hypotonya got medical preoperation treatment during 3 months and longer. 6 patients with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergy, detrusor hypotension were contraindicated for sling operation. Patients who had clinically and urodynamically confirmed urinary incontinence underwent simultaneous sling operations (13 women in a clinical group and 51 - in a complex group). In 12-36 months after the surgery no patient with APT of more than 100 % showed urinary incontinence. Clinically examined patients revealed totally 7 out of 102 (7.14 ± 2.5 %) complications after 12-36 months after surgery (mixed urinary incontinence in 4 cases and difunctional urination due to hypotonia detuzor in 3 cases). There are no these complications in the group of complexly examined women. Conclusions: Urodynamic testing can identify those women at risk of developing postoperative urinary incontinence and difunctional urination so that prophylactic measures can be undertaken. In cases when neuromuscular dysfunction is corrected and values of APT are less than 100 % simultaneous sling operation is reasonable.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Urinary detrusor"
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Sethia, Krishna Kumar. "The pathophysiology of detrusor instability." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235958.
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Cutner, Alfred. "The lower urinary tract in pregnancy." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338240.
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Moon, Annick. "Effect of nitric oxide on detrusor contractility." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313235.
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Hasan, Tahseen. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and temporary S3 nerve root stimulation in idiopathic detrusor instability and characterization of the human detrusor smooth muscle contraction." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310132.
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Masters, Jonathan Grenville. "Sources of calcium involved in detrusor smooth muscle contraction." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312030.
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Mills, Ian W. "The pathophysiology of Detrusor instability and the role of bladder ischaemia in its aetiology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325284.
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Greyling, Linda Magdalena. "Histologiese veranderinge wat volg op distensie van die detrusor in die rot : Spraque-Dawley (Afrikaans)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30254.
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Bau, Fernando Ricardo. "Avaliação do efeito relaxante do BAY 41-2272 em detrusor isolado de coelhos." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308919.
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Orientador: Edson AntunesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A síndrome da bexiga hiperativa atinge grande parte da população mundial, e gera sintomas que prejudicam a qualidade de vida dos portadores. Está associada com a hiperatividade do detrusor que se dá por um aumento das contrações espontâneas. Alguns estudos têm mostrado que a deficiência de NO é um dos fatores responsáveis por gerar estas contrações espontâneas. É sabido que o mecanismo de sinalização do NO envolve a ativação da guanilil ciclase solúvel e produção de GMPc. Atualmente, algumas drogas têm sido sintetizadas para mimetizar o efeito exercido pelo NO, tal como o BAY 41-2272, um potente estimulador da guanilil ciclase solúvel independente de NO. Vários trabalhos mostraram que o BAY 41-2272 causa relaxamento de vários tipos de musculatura lisa, podendo ser um composto com grande potencial terapêutico em doenças onde a via do NO/GMPc está prejudicada. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a capacidade do BAY 41-2272 de relaxar detrusor isolado de camundongo, coelho e rato in vitro e os mecanismos farmacológicos envolvidos na resposta relaxante. Camundongos C57b6 machos (30-40 g), coelhos New Zealand machos (2-3 kg) e ratos Wistar machos (250-300 g) foram anestesiados e mortos. As bexigas foram removidas e fragmentos de detrusor foram montados em banho para órgãos isolados contendo 10 ml de solução de Krebs. Curvas concentração-resposta ao BAY 41-2272 (10-9 - 10-4 M) foram construídas em tecidos précontraídos com carbacol (10 µM) ou KCl (80 mM), na ausência ou na presença de LNAME (inibidor da óxido nítrico sintase; 100 µM), ODQ (inibidor da guanilato ciclase solúvel; 100 µM), Sildenafil (inibidor da fosfodiesterase tipo-5; 10 µM), ou inibidores de canais de potássio (0,1 µM charibdotoxina + 1 µM apamina; 1µM tetraetilamônio; ou 10 µM glibenclamida). Curvas concentração-resposta ao nitroprussiato de sódio (SNP; 10-8 - 10-4 M), gliceril trinitrato (GTN; 10-8 - 10-4 M) e 8Br-GMPc (10-8 - 10-4 M) foram também construídas. Contrações induzidas por CaCl2 extracelular foram avaliadas na presença do BAY 41-2272, bem como o efeito no influxo de cálcio em plaquetas isoladas de coelho. Níveis de GMPc e AMPc foram avaliados após a estimulação do detrusor com BAY 41- 2272 (10 e 100 µM) e SNP (100 µM) na ausência ou na presença de ODQ (100 µM), através de imunoensaio enzimático (ELISA). O BAY 41-2272 produziu relaxamento de detrusor isolado de camundongos, ratos e coelhos de maneira concentração-dependente, com valores de resposta máxima de 61,3 ± 6,6%, 91,7 ± 5,9% e 95,1 ± 9,9%, respectivamente. Detrusor de coelhos foram selecionados para os experimentos subseqüentes. Os doadores de NO, SNP e GTN, bem com o 8Br-GMPc produziram um discreto relaxamento comparado ao BAY 41-2272. O tratamento dos tecidos com L-NAME (100 µM) ou sildenafil (10 µM) não afetou de maneira significativa o relaxamento induzido pelo BAY 41-2272. Entretanto, o ODQ (100 µM), reduziu significativamente a resposta ao BAY 41-2272. Os bloqueadores de canais de K+ (apamin + charibdotoxina, glibenclamida ou tetraetilamônio) também não afetaram a resposta relaxante do BAY 41-2272. O BAY 41-2272 (10 e 100 µM) elevou os níveis de GMPc em cerca de 14 e 20 vezes respectivamente, sem afetar os níveis de AMPc. Na menor concentração do BAY 41-2272 (10 µM), o ODQ aboliu a elevação dos níveis de GMPc, ao passo que na maior concentração do BAY 41-2272 (100 µM), o ODQ inibiu parcialmente a elevação dos níveis de GMPc. A adição de CaCl2 (0,01-30 mM) extracelular em detrusor isolado de coelhos causou contração de maneira concentração-dependente que foi significativamente reduzida pelo tratamento prévio com BAY 41-2272 (1 e 10 µM), sendo que este efeito não foi prevenido pelo ODQ. O BAY 41-2272 reduziu significativamente o aumento dos níveis intracelulares de cálcio em plaquetas de coelho induzido por trombina. Em resumo, o BAY 41-2272 produz relaxamento em detrusor isolado de camundongos, coelhos e ratos através da produção de GMPc e da inibição do influxo de cálcio que independe de GMPc
Abstract: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a highly prevalent condition that affects millions of people worldwide with a profound effect on quality of life. The bladder overactivity is related to spontaneous contractions of the detrusor smooth muscle causing an increase in the intravesical pressure and consequently stimulation of the micturirion reflex. Evidences suggest that impairment of nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway may account for OAB. It is well established that NO signaling pathways involves soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulation and cyclic GMP production. Recently, pharmacological agents capable of directly stimulating soluble guanylate cyclase independenly of NO, such as BAY 41-2272 has been reported to produce relaxation of different types of smooth muscle, showing great therapeutic potential in disturbs which NO pathway is impaired. The present study aimed to evaluate the capacity of BAY 41-2272 to relax isolated mouse, rat and rabbit DSM and the mechanism underlying these response. C57b6 male mice, Wistar male rats and New Zealand male rabbits were anesthetized, and urinary bladder removed. DSM was transferred to 10-mL organ baths containing oxygenated and warmed Krebs-Henseleit solution. Tissues were connected to force-displacement transducers and changes in isometric force were recorded. Concentration-response curves to BAY 41-2272 (10-9 - 10-4M) were constructed, in previously contracted tissues with carbachol (10 µM) or KCl (80 mM), in the absence and in the presence of L-NAME (Nitric Oxide Synthase inhibitor; 100 µM), ODQ (sGC inhibitor; 100 µM), Sildenafil (phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor; 10 µM), or potassium channel blockers (0.1 µM charybdotoxin + 1 µM apamin; 1 µM tetraethylammonium; or 10 µM glybenclamide). Concentration-response curves to sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 10-8 - 10-4 M), glyceryl trinitrate (GTN; 10-8 - 10-4 M) and 8Br-cGMP (10-8 - 10-4 M) were also constructed. CaCl2-induced contractions in DSM and calcium influx in rabbit isolated platelets were evaluated in the presence of BAY 41-2272. Levels of cAMP and cGMP in DSM strips were determined after treatment with BAY 41-2272 (10 and 100 µM), SNP (100 µM) in the absence or in the presence of ODQ (100 µM) using specific EIA kit. BAY 41-2272 (0.001-100 µM) produced concentration-dependent DSM relaxations in mouse, rat and rabbit with maximal responses of 61.3 ± 6.6%, 95.1 ± 9.9% and 91.7 ± 5.9%, respectively. The NO-donors sodium nitroprusside and glyceryl trinitrate, as well as 8-bromo-cGMP also produced concentration-dependent rabbit DSM relaxations, but to a lesser extent than BAY 41-2272. Pretreatment with L-NAME (NO synthesis inhibitor) or sildenafil (phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor) had no effect in BAY 41-2272- induced responses. However, the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ significantly reduced BAY 41-2272-induced relaxantions. BAY 41-2272 (10 and 100 µM) increased the bladder cGMP levels by about of 14- and 20-fold, respectively, without affecting the cAMP levels. The cGMP increases in response to BAY 41-2272 and SNP were markedly reduced by ODQ. CaCl2 caused a concentration-dependent contraction in DSM strips and BAY 41- 2272 significantly reduced the contractile responses to extracellular Ca2+ in an ODQinsensitive manner. BAY 41-2272 also significantly reduced the increase of intracellular calcium levels induced by thrombin. This inhibitory effect was completely reverted after the treatment with ODQ. BAY 41-2272 relaxes DSM of the three animal species studied. BAY 41-2272-induced DSM relaxation involves mainly cGMP production, but an additional mechanism involving Ca2+ influx blockade independently of cGMP production appears to be involved
Mestrado
Farmacologia
Mestre em Farmacologia
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Rahmanou, Philip. "Assessment of lower urinary tract function in women with urodynamic stress incontinence with and without detrusor overactivity." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589995.
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There are many diagnostic tests available to help evaluate urethral sphincter and bladder dysfunction in patients with urinary incontinence. The most commonly used tests are multichannel cystometry, urethral pressure profilometry, leak point pressure, bladder diaries, pad tests and quality of life questionnaires. More recently, measurements of opening detrusor pressure obtained during pressure f1ow urodynamic studies have claimed to offer a suitable alternative to tests predicting urethral sphincter insufficiency. There have been very few studies evaluating the validity and reliability of these investigations in assessing lower urinary tract in women. The initial part of this thesis provides a review of the normal and abnormal bladder and urethral function. It also presents an overview of the investigation and management of women with lower urinary tract dysfunction. The remainder of this thesis aims to determine the reliability of the various tests currently available. This is done by assessing their reproducibility using test re-test analysis, on the same subject, in two different visits. The different tests are compared in a larger number of subjects, to establish any correlation that may be evident between them. Furthermore, I have compared different subgroups of patients with urodynamic stress incontinence, with or without detrusor overactivity, and assessed the effect they have on the reproducibility of urodynamic studies, urethral function tests and other commonly used bladder investigations. In the last section, the relevance of the study findings are discussed, final conclusions are made and suggestions for future research considered.
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Ramos, Filho Antonio Celso S. "Avaliação morfofuncional e molecular do detrusor isolado de ratos hipertensos renovasculares." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308915.
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Orientador: Edson AntunesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: A hipertensão renovascular é uma forma secundária da hipertensão arterial, que corresponde de 1-5% dos casos de hipertensão. A associação entre hipertensão arterial e disfunções miccionais foi observada no modelo experimental de ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR). Até o momento nenhum estudo avaliou as disfunções miccionais em animais hipertensos renovasculares. Dessa forma, neste estudo, caracterizamos a disfunção miccional em ratos hipertensos renovasculares através do modelo de dois rins, um clip (2K-1C). Em ratos Wistar (200-220 g) colocou-se um clip em torno da artéria renal. Depois de oito semanas, os ratos foram utilizados. Realizou-se estudo cistométrico em ratos anestesiados, assim como curvas concentração-resposta para agentes contráteis e relaxantes em detrusor isolado (DSM). Foram também realizados estudos histomorfométricos e da expressão de RNAm dos receptores muscarínicos M3 e M2 em DSM isolado. Os resultados histomorfométricos mostraram aumentos significantes na espessura da parede da bexiga, no volume intravesical, na densidade de musculatura lisa e na densidade de fibras neurais no grupo 2K-1C em comparação ao SHAM. O agonista muscarínico, carbacol, produziu contrações concentração-dependentes do DSM, as quais foram significantemente maiores no grupo 2K-1C. O inibidor da Rho-quinase, Y27-632 (10 µM), reduziu significantemente a contração induzida pelo carbacol nos ratos SHAM e 2K-1C; porém, no grupo 2K-1C, o DSM continuou hiperativo na presença do Y27-632. A estimulação elétrica (1 - 32 Hz) produziu contração freqüência-dependente do DSM as quais foram maiores no grupo 2K-1C. O agonista purinérgico P2X, ?,?-metileno-ATP (1 - 100 µM), o KCl (1 - 300 µM) e o Ca2+ extracelular (0,01-100 µM) produziram contrações concentração-dependente; porém, não observamos diferenças entre o grupo SHAM e 2K-1C. O agonista não seletivo ?-adrenérgico, isoproterenol, o agonista seletivo ?2-adrenérgico, metaproterenol, e o agonista seletivo ?3-adrenérgico, BRL37-344, produziram relaxamentos menores do DSM nos ratos 2K-1C, e também redução nos níveis intracelulares de AMPc nos detrusores. O efeito relaxante ao nitroprussiato de sódio e BAY41-2272 mantiveram-se iguais nos animais SHAM e 2K-1C. A expressão do RNAm do receptor muscarínico M3 (mas não do M2) no DSM foi significantemente maior nos ratos 2K-1C em comparação ao grupo controle. Os tratamentos crônicos com losartan e captopril normalizaram a pressão arterial sistólica dos animais 2K-1C, normalizaram a função miccional, e reduziram a hipercontratilidade do detrusor induzida pela estimulação elétrica e pelo carbacol, assim como restabeleceram o relaxamento induzido pelo isoproterenol ao nível do grupo SHAM. Concluimos que os ratos hipertensos renovasculares apresentam hiperatividade do detrusor, a qual envolve remodelamento tecidual e aumento da contração via receptor muscarínico M3 associado à redução no relaxamento ?-adrenérgico com redução da sinalização intracelular e produção de AMPc. Os tratamentos com losartan e captopril restauram a função miccional dos animais 2K-1C
Abstract: Renovascular hypertension is a secondary form of arterial hypertension, accounting for 1-5% of cases in unselected population. Association between arterial hypertension and urinary bladder dysfunction has been reported in spontaneously hypertensive rats, but no study evaluated the bladder dysfunction in renovascular hypertensive animals. Therefore, in this study, we explored the bladder dysfunction in renovascular hypertensive rats, using the two-kidney one-clip (2K-1C) model. A silver clip was placed around the renal artery of male Wistar Kyoto rats (200-220 g). After eight weeks, rats were used. Cystometric study in anesthetized rats, along with concentration-response curves to both contractile and relaxant agents in isolated detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) were performed. Histomorphometry and mRNA expression of muscarinic M3 and M2 receptors in DSM were also determined. The histomorphometric data showed significant increases in bladder wall thickness, intravesical volume and density of smooth muscle, as well as density of neural fibers in the 2K-1C group compared with SHAM. The muscarinic agonist carbachol produced concentration-dependent DSM contractions, which were markedly greater in 2K-1C rats. The Rho-kinase inhibitor Y27-632 (10 µM) significantly reduced the carbachol-induced contractions in sham and 2K-1C rats, but DSM in 2K-1C rats remained overactive in the presence of Y27632. Electrical-field stimulation (EFS; 1-32 Hz) produced frequency-dependent DSM contractions that were also greater in 2K-1C group. The P2X receptor agonist ?,?-methylene ATP (1-100 µM), KCl (1-300 mM) and extracellular Ca2+ (0.01-100 M) produced concentration-dependent DSM contractions, but no changes among sham and 2K-1C rats were seen. In 2K-1C rats, the non-selective ?-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol, the ?2-adrenoceptor agonist metaproterenol and the ?3-adrenoceptor agonist BRL 37-344 produced lower DSM relaxations, as well as decreased cAMP levels. The relaxant responses to sodium nitroprusside and BAY 41-2272 remained unchanged in 2K-1C rats. Expression of mRNA of muscarinic M3 (but not of M2) receptors in DSM was significantly increased in 2K-1C rats. The chronic treatment with losartan and captopril normalized the blood systolic pressure of 2K-1C animals, improved their urinary function by reducing DSM hypercontractility to EFS and carbacol stimulation, and restored the relaxation induced by the ?-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol to the level of SHAM group. In conclusion, renovascular hypertensive rats exhibit overactive DSM that involves tissue remodeling and enhanced muscarinic M3-mediated contractions associated with reduced ?-adrenoceptor-mediated signal transduction. The treatments with losartan and captopril improved urinary function of 2K-1C animals
Mestrado
Mestre em Farmacologia
Books on the topic "Urinary detrusor"
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Jackson, Simon, and Natalia Price. Urinary incontinence. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0059.
Full textAbstract:
Urinary incontinence is the complaint of any involuntary leakage of urine. Stress urinary incontinence is involuntary leakage of urine on effort. exertion, sneezing, or coughing. Urge urinary incontinence is involuntary leakage of urine accompanied by, or immediately preceded by, a strong desire to pass urine (void). Urgency with or without urge urinary incontinence and usually with frequency and nocturia is also termed overactive bladder syndrome. Mixed urinary incontinence is involuntary leakage of urine associated with both urgency and exertion, effort, sneezing, or coughing. Usually, one of these is predominant; that is, either the symptoms of urge incontinence or those of stress incontinence are most bothersome. Overflow incontinence occurs when the bladder becomes large and flaccid and has little or no detrusor tone or function. It is usually due to injury or insult, occurring post surgery or post-partum. The bladder simply leaks when it becomes full. Incontinence due to a fistula is incontinence resulting from a vesicovaginal, ureterovaginal, or urethrovaginal fistula. Congenital incontinence is incontinence due to congenital causes (e.g. an ectopic ureter).
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Beckman, Thomas J., and Haitham S. Abu-Lebdeh. Men’s Health. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199755691.003.0465.
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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and erectile dysfunction are among the commonest diagnoses in a men's health practice. BPH is common among older men. The prostate is the size of a walnut (20 cm3) in men younger than 30 years and it gradually increases in size, leading to BPH in most men older than 60 years. BPH results from epithelial and stromal cell growth, which begins in the transitional zone of the prostate and causes urinary outflow resistance. Over time, this resistance leads to detrusor muscle dysfunction, urinary retention, and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Male sexual dysfunction includes erectile dysfunction (ED), decreased libido, anatomical abnormalities (eg, Peyronie disease), and ejaculatory dysfunction. ED, defined as the inability to achieve erections firm enough for vaginal penetration, affects millions of men in the United States.
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Daly, Donna, and Christopher Chapple. Anatomy, neurophysiology, and pharmacological control mechanisms of the bladder. Edited by Christopher R. Chapple. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0034.
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The lower urinary tract has two main functions; the collection and low pressure storage of urine and periodical controlled elimination of urine at an appropriate time. In order to achieve continence during bladder filling and storage and produce efficient and effective bladder emptying, there is accurate coordination between opening and closing of the urethral sphincters and contraction of the detrusor smooth muscle. The process of micturition has two phases: the storage/filling phase and the voiding phase. The analogy for the transition between these two phases has been described as an on-off circuit, rather akin to flicking a light switch, between synchronous bladder contraction and urethral outlet relaxation, and vice versa. These phases are regulated by a complex, integration of somatic and autonomic efferent and afferent mechanisms that coordinate the activity of the bladder and urethra. This chapter provides an overview of our current understanding of these complex mechanisms.
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Bryant, Richard J., and James W. F. Catto. General overview of bladder cancer. Edited by James W. F. Catto. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0074.
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Bladder cancer (BC) is a common malignancy and is one of the most expensive to manage. This tumour typically affects middle-aged and elderly patients and is more common in men. These demographics reflect the aetiological links between BC and tobacco smoking and occupational exposure to carcinogens. While the presenting symptom of BC is usually painless visible haematuria, around one-quarter of tumours present with irritative voiding symptoms, recurrent or antibiotic-refractory urinary tract infections, non-visible haematuria, or are found by chance during the investigation of unrelated symptoms. As such, these urological symptoms require urgent investigation in patients at risk of BC. The diagnosis of BC is confirmed by endoscopic transurethral resection. This procedure requires meticulous tumour excision, sampling of the underlying detrusor muscle and the flat urothelium or prostatic urethra in patients with high-grade cancers. The prognosis of BC depends upon tumour grade, stage, and other features.
Book chapters on the topic "Urinary detrusor"
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Miftahof, Roustem N., and Hong Gil Nam. "Pharmacology of Detrusor Activity." In Biomechanics of the Human Urinary Bladder, 133–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36146-3_9.
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Miftahof, Roustem N., and Hong Gil Nam. "Continual Model of the Detrusor." In Biomechanics of the Human Urinary Bladder, 73–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36146-3_5.
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Miftahof, Roustem N., and Hong Gil Nam. "A Model of the Detrusor Fasciculus." In Biomechanics of the Human Urinary Bladder, 87–105. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36146-3_6.
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Uvelius, Bengt, and Anders Arner. "Metabolism of Detrusor Smooth Muscle in Normal and Obstructed Urinary Bladder." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 29–39. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1585-6_5.
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Sahai, Arun, Jai Seth, Muhammed Shamim Khan, and Prokar Dasgupta. "Intravesical Therapy for Refractory Overactive Bladder and Detrusor Overactivity in Adults: Botulinum Toxin-A." In Minimally Invasive Therapy for Urinary Incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse, 135–54. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0008-4_12.
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"Stents In Detrusor–Sphincter Dyssynergia." In Stenting the Urinary System, Second Edition, 501. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203427910-77.
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Beckman, Thomas J. "Men’s Health." In Mayo Clinic Internal Medicine Board Review, 337–44. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190464868.003.0030.
Full textAbstract:
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is common among older men. The prostate is the size of a walnut (20 cm3) in men younger than 30 years and gradually increases in size, leading to BPH in most men older than 60 years. BPH results from epithelial and stromal cell growth in the prostate, which in turn causes urinary outflow resistance. Over time, this resistance leads to detrusor muscle dysfunction, urinary retention, and lower urinary tract symptoms, such as urgency, frequency, and nocturia.
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Collins, Nerissa M. "Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology." In Mayo Clinic Internal Medicine Board Review, 345–48. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190464868.003.0031.
Full textAbstract:
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is common among older men. The prostate is the size of a walnut (20 cm3) in men younger than 30 years and gradually increases in size, leading to BPH in most men older than 60 years. BPH results from epithelial and stromal cell growth in the prostate, which in turn causes urinary outflow resistance. Over time, this resistance leads to detrusor muscle dysfunction, urinary retention, and lower urinary tract symptoms, such as urgency, frequency, and nocturia.
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Merwe, André. "The urethral stent and detrusor–sphincter dyssynergia." In Handbook of Urinary Stents: Basic Science and Clinical Applications, 299. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12884_41.
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Chancellor, M., and D. Rivas. "Complications related to Urolume sphincter stent used for the management of detrusor–sphincter dyssynergia." In Stenting the Urinary System, Second Edition, 507–13. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203427910-79.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Urinary detrusor"
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Celik, Ismail B., Asaf Varol, Coskun Bayrak, and Jagannath R. Nanduri. "A One Dimensional Mathematical Model for Urodynamics." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37647.
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Millions of people in the world suffer from urinary incontinence and overactive bladder with the major causes for the symptoms being stress, urge, overflow and functional incontinence. For a more effective treatment of these ailments, a detailed understanding of the urinary flow dynamics is required. This challenging task is not easy to achieve due to the complexity of the problem and the lack of tools to study the underlying mechanisms of the urination process. Theoretical models can help find a better solution for the various disorders of the lower urinary tract, including urinary incontinence, through simulating the interaction between various components involved in the continence mechanism. Using a lumped parameter analysis, a one-dimensional, transient mathematical model was built to simulate a complete cycle of filling and voiding of the bladder. Both the voluntary and involuntary contraction of the bladder walls is modeled along with the transient response of both the internal and external sphincters which dynamically control the urination process. The model also includes the effects signals from the bladder outlet (urethral sphincter, pelvic floor muscles and fascia), the muscles involved in evacuation of the urinary bladder (detrusor muscle) as well as the abdominal wall musculature. The necessary geometrical parameters of the urodynamics model were obtained from the 3D visualization data based on the visible human project. Preliminary results show good agreement with the experimental results found in the literature. The current model could be used as a diagnostic tool for detecting incontinence and simulating possible scenarios for the circumstances leading to incontinence.
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de Souza, Júlia Raquel Nunes, Ana Luiza Verissimo Jacob, Marco Antônio Rodrigues de Morais, and Carlos Augusto Faria. "Noctúria: etiologia e impacto sobre a qualidade de vida em mulheres atendidas em unidade terciária do sistema de saúde." In 44° Congresso da SGORJ - XXIII Trocando Ideias. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/jbg-0368-1416-2020130230.
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Introdução: À medida que aumenta a faixa etária, aumenta também a proporção de mulheres na população, nas quais os sintomas relacionados à disfunção do trato urinário baixo (STUB), como a noctúria, são mais frequentes. A noctúria é definida como o despertar uma ou mais vezes durante o sono para urinar, e tem inúmeras causas, como redução da capacidade vesical, poliúria noturna, hiperatividade do detrusor, diabetes, hipertensão, Síndrome de Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS), doença renal crônica, doença cardíaca não compensada e uso de medicações (principalmente os diuréticos). Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivos descrever a etiologia da noctúria e seu impacto sobre a qualidade de vida (QV) entre pacientes com STUB encaminhadas para atendimento especializado. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado em uma amostra de pacientes encaminhadas ao Ambulatório de Uroginecologia do Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro com STUB e noctúria e em pacientes do mesmo ambulatório sem queixa de noctúria. As pacientes incluídas no estudo foram submetidas à anamnese completa e ao exame físico, e responderam aos questionários STOP-BANG, para avaliar o risco de apneia do sono, e WHOQOL-bref, para avaliação da QV geral. As pacientes com noctúria responderam também ao questionário KHQ para avaliação do impacto dos sintomas urinários sobre a QV. Além disso, de acordo com as hipóteses diagnósticas, foram solicitados exames complementares para identificação da etiologia da noctúria. Resultados e Conclusão: Cinquenta e nove mulheres foram incluídas no estudo, sendo 42 do grupo noctúria e 17 do grupo controle. Não houve diferença entre os grupos para as variáveis idade, escolaridade, consumo de álcool, consumo de cafeína, risco de apneia do sono e índice de massa corpórea (IMC). As pacientes do grupo noctúria apresentavam maior número de comorbidades, maior frequência de hipertensão, diabetes, prolapso genital e incontinência urinária (p<0,01). Em relação à avaliação da QV, entre as 41 pacientes que responderam ao WHOQOL-bref, o grupo noctúria apresentou piores escores apenas no domínio social (p<0,01). De acordo com o KHQ, os domínios de QV mais afetados em mulheres com noctúria foram impacto da incontinência, limitações físicas e relações pessoais. As análises mostram que o sintoma de noctúria esteve associado à presença de comorbidades clínicas e às disfunções do assoalho pélvico no grupo de pacientes atendidas em uma unidade terciária do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), evidenciando a importância da avaliação multidisciplinar dessas mulheres. Os questionários de QV mostram maior impacto em determinados domínios, como social, limitações físicas e relações pessoais.
Reports on the topic "Urinary detrusor"
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Zhu, Zhihong, Yue Zhuo, Haitao Jin, Boyu Wu, and Zhijie Li. Chinese Medicine Therapies for Neurogenic Bladder after Spinal Cord Injury: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.8.0084.
Full textAbstract:
Neurogenic bladder (NB), a refractory disease, is characterized by voiding dysfunction of bladder and/or urethra, and spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common cause. Chinese medicine therapies have been applied extensively in the treatment of neurogenic bladder, especially in China, and the results are promising but varying. Thus, the aim of this work is to assess the efficacy and safety of various Chinese medicine therapies for neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury. Condition being studied: Chinese medicine therapies; Neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury. Main outcome(s): The primary outcome of our NMA will be measured by overall response rate and urodynamic tests, which includes postvoiding residual urine volume, maximum urinary flow rate, and maximal detrusor pressure.