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Journal articles on the topic 'Urine excretion'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Hooft van Huysduynen, Eveline JC, Paul JM Hulshof, Linde van Lee, et al. "Evaluation of using spot urine to replace 24 h urine sodium and potassium excretions." Public Health Nutrition 17, no. 11 (2014): 2505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014001177.

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AbstractObjectiveThe most accurate method to estimate Na and K intakes is to determine 24 h urinary excretions of these minerals. However, collecting 24 h urine is burdensome. Therefore it was studied whether spot urine could be used to replace 24 h urine samples.DesignParticipants collected 24 h urine and kept one voiding sample separate. Na, K and creatinine concentrations were analysed in both 24 h and spot urine samples. Also 24 h excretions of Na and K were predicted from spot urine concentrations using the Tanaka and Danish methods.SettingIn 2011 and 2012, urine samples were collected an

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2

Lemann, J., L. J. Hornick, J. A. Pleuss, and R. W. Gray. "Oxalate is overestimated in alkaline urines collected during administration of bicarbonate with no specimen pH adjustment." Clinical Chemistry 35, no. 10 (1989): 2107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/35.10.2107.

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Abstract We compared measurements of daily urine oxalate excretion in urines collected at the prevailing urine pH with measurements of urine oxalate excretion in urines collected into 20 mL of 6 mol/L HCl. We studied eight healthy adults fed constant diets. Urines were collected during control conditions and, in each subject, during the administration of NaCl, KCl, NaHCO3, or KHCO3, 90 mmol/day. Daily urine oxalate excretion calculated for collections made in acid averaged 271 (SD 79) mumol/day and did not vary with any of the salt supplements. When urines were collected at ambient urine pH (a

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3

Ruha, Anne-Michelle, Steven C. Curry, Richard D. Gerkin, Kathleen L. Caldwell, John D. Osterloh, and Paul M. Wax. "Urine Mercury Excretion Following meso-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid Challenge in Fish Eaters." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 133, no. 1 (2009): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/133.1.87.

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Abstract Context.—Public awareness of methylmercury in fish has caused patients to seek testing for mercury poisoning. In some patients, the diagnosis of mercury poisoning has been made based on urine mercury excretions following oral dosing of meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), a metal chelator. However, studies comparing urine mercury excretion following DMSA in healthy non–fish eaters with healthy fish eaters could not be located. Objectives.—To describe urinary mercury excretion before and after DMSA in healthy fish eaters and non–fish eaters, and to determine whether urine mercury excre

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4

Andersen, Stig, Jesper Karmisholt, Klaus M. Pedersen, and Peter Laurberg. "Reliability of studies of iodine intake and recommendations for number of samples in groups and in individuals." British Journal of Nutrition 99, no. 4 (2007): 813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114507842292.

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The iodine intake level in a population is determined in cross-sectional studies. Urinary iodine varies considerably and the reliability of studies of iodine nutrition and the number of samples needed is unsettled. We performed a longitudinal study of sixteen healthy men living in an area of mild to moderate iodine deficiency. Iodine and creatinine concentrations were measured in spot urine samples collected monthly for 13 months. From these data we calculated the number of urine samples needed to determine the iodine excretion level for crude urinary iodine and for 24 h iodine excretion estim

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5

Khosravi, Alireza, Noushin Mohammadifard, Mojagn Gharipour, et al. "Low correlation between morning spot and 24-hour urine samples for estimating sodium intake in an Iranian population: Isfahan Salt Study." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 89, no. 3-4 (2019): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000558.

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Abstract. Introduction: Although difficult, the 24-hour urine sodium excretion is still considered as the gold standard method to estimate salt intake. The current study aimed to assess the validity of using spot urine samples in comparison with the standard 24-hour urine collection to estimate sodium and potassium intake in healthy Iranian adults. Methods and subjects: This cross-sectional study was performed on 1099 healthy Iranians aged 18–69 years. Samples of 24-hour and fasting morning spot urine were collected to measure sodium and potassium excretions. Tanaka’s formula was utilized to p

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6

Knuiman, J. T., G. van Poppel, J. Burema, L. van der Heijden, and J. G. Hautvast. "Multiple overnight urine collections may be used for estimating the excretion of electrolytes and creatinine." Clinical Chemistry 34, no. 1 (1988): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/34.1.135.

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Abstract We studied the excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and creatinine in overnight and 24-h urines collected over a period of seven consecutive days from 28 Dutch boys, ages eight and nine years. The correlation coefficients for the relation between true mean overnight and true mean 24-h excretion ranged between 0.94 and 1.00 for sodium, calcium, magnesium, and creatinine and was equal to 0.61 for potassium. Generally the within-person coefficients of variation for overnight excretions (range, 33-52%) were greater than for 24-h excretions (range 16-35%). We conclude that o

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7

Meyer, Johansson, Eggen, Johansen, and Holvik. "Sodium and Potassium Intake Assessed by Spot and 24-h Urine in the Population-Based Tromsø Study 2015–2016." Nutrients 11, no. 7 (2019): 1619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11071619.

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Reduction of salt intake is a public health priority and necessitates the surveillance of salt intake in the population. The validity of salt intake assessed by dietary surveys is generally low. We, therefore, aimed to estimate salt intake by 24-h urine collection and to assess the usefulness of spot urine collection for surveillance purposes. In the population-based Tromsø Study 2015–2016, 493 men and women aged 40–69 years collected 24-h urine, of whom 475 also collected spot urine. Sodium and potassium excretions were calculated by multiplying respective urinary concentrations by the total

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8

Naser, Abu Mohd, Feng J. He, Mahbubur Rahman, and Norm R. C. Campbell. "Spot Urine Formulas to Estimate 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Alter the Dietary Sodium and Blood Pressure Relationship." Hypertension 77, no. 6 (2021): 2127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16651.

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We evaluated the relationship between estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion from the Kawasaki, Tanaka, and INTERSALT (International Study of Sodium, Potassium, and Blood Pressure) formulas and blood pressure (BP). We pooled 10 034 person-visit data from 3 cohort studies in Bangladesh that had measured 24-hour urine sodium (m-24hUNa), potassium, creatinine excretion, and BP. We used m-24hUNa, potassium, and creatinine where necessary, rather than spot urine values in the formulas. Bland-Altman plots were used to determine the bias associated with formula-estimated sodium relative to m-24hU

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9

Raphael, Kalani L., Sarah Gilligan, Thomas H. Hostetter, Tom Greene та Srinivasan Beddhu. "Association between Urine Ammonium and Urine TGF-β1 in CKD". Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 13, № 2 (2017): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.07510717.

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Background and objectivesUrinary ammonium excretion increases in response to nonvolatile acids to maintain normal systemic bicarbonate and pH. However, enhanced ammonia production promotes tubulointerstitial fibrosis in animal models. Therefore, a subset of individuals with CKD and normal bicarbonate may have acid-mediated kidney fibrosis that might be better linked with ammonium excretion than bicarbonate. We hypothesized that urine TGF-β1, as an indicator of kidney fibrosis, would be more tightly linked with urine ammonium excretion than serum bicarbonate and other acid-base indicators.Desig

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10

Shreya, G., L. Pranathi, and V. Kavitha. "Comparison of spot urine protein-creatinine ratio with 24-hour urine protein excretion in women with preeclampsia." International Journal of Integrative Medical Sciences 2, no. 1 (2015): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijims.2015.102.

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11

Ozben, Tomris, Sabahat Nacitarhan, and Nese Tuncer. "Plasma and Urine Sialic Acid in Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 32, no. 3 (1995): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329503200307.

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Urinary excretions of albumin, glycosaminoglycans (GAGS), total sialic acid (TSA), and lipid associated sialic acid (LASA) were measured in 78 non-insulin dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM) and 28 healthy subjects. TSA excretion was significantly higher in normoalbuminuric and microalbuminuric diabetic subjects than the control subjects and TSA excretion was correlated with urinary albumin excretion rate (AER). In normoalbuminuric diabetics, the duration of diabetes correlated significantly with both sialicaciduria and albuminuria. Although serum TSA levels were significantly higher in both d

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12

Cao, Yu, Chuan-ji Hao, Chen-jing Wang, et al. "Urinary excretion of L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, propionyl-L-carnitine and their antioxidant activities after single dose administration of L-carnitine in healthy subjects." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 49, no. 1 (2013): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502013000100020.

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The urine excretion of L-carnitine (LC), acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) and propionyl-Lcarnitine (PLC) and their relations with the antioxidant activities are presently unknown. Liquid L-carnitine (2.0 g) was administered orally as a single dose in 12 healthy subjects. Urine concentrations of LC, ALC and PLC were detected by HPLC. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrogen monoxidum (NO) activities were measured by spectrophotometric methods. The 0~2 h, 2~4 h, 4~8 h, 8~12 h, 12~24 h excretion of LC was 53.13±31.36 µmol, 166.93±76.87 µmol, 219

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13

Yamada, K., K. Hasunuma, T. Shiina, K. Ito, Y. Tamura, and S. Yoshida. "Inter-relationship between urinary kallikrein-kinins and arginine vasopressin in man." Clinical Science 76, no. 1 (1989): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0760013.

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1. Physiological saline solution was infused in nine normal subjects and six patients with central diabetes insipidus (DI). At 120 min after the start of infusion, arginine vasopressin (AVP) was injected intramuscularly. Urine was collected in 30 min fractions before and after AVP administration. 2. The urinary excretions of kallikrein-like activity (KAL-A) (S-2266 hydrolysis activity) and immunoreactive kinins (i-kinins) were significantly lower in patients with DI than in normal subjects before AVP administration, while there were no differences in plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone c

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14

HELLERSTEIN, S. "Urine collection for protein excretion." Journal of Pediatrics 144, no. 6 (2004): 834–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(04)00171-4.

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15

Davies, A. G., D. A. Price, R. J. Postlethwaite, and B. A. Fielding. "URINE ALBUMIN EXCRETION IN DIABETICS." Lancet 325, no. 8426 (1985): 466–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(85)91193-6.

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16

Smith-Kielland, A., B. Skuterud, and J. Mørland. "18 URINE EXCRETION OF AMPHETAMINE." Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 17, no. 4 (1995): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007691-199508000-00030.

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17

Haylor, J., and C. J. Lote. "Urine pH and the relationship between urine flow and urinary prostaglandin E excretion in the rat." Journal of Endocrinology 108, no. 2 (1986): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1080247.

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ABSTRACT The relationship between urine flow and urinary prostaglandin E (PGE) excretion was investigated at constant urine pH in the anaesthetized rat. The urine pH was maintained at approximately pH 6 or pH 8 by the intravenous infusion of either ammonium chloride or sodium bicarbonate respectively. Two distinct patterns in the relationship between PGE excretion and urine flow were observed. The first showed a fall in urinary PGE excretion as the urine flow increased over the low flow range of 2–5 ml/h, and was common to both experiments. The second relationship, however, showed a marked dif

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18

Siegfried, B. A., and R. Valdes. "Excretion of endogenous digoxin-like immunoreactive factors in human urine is a function of urine flow rate." Clinical Chemistry 34, no. 5 (1988): 960–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/34.5.960.

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Abstract We studied the effect of varying water and salt intake on the renal excretion of endogenous digoxin-like immunoreactive factors (DLIF). DLIF were measured in human urine and serum by competitive displacement of 125I-labeled digoxin from anti-digoxin antibodies. Diuresis was selectively induced in normal healthy humans by acute water ingestion, and natriuresis was preferentially induced by acute saline ingestion. We found the amount of endogenous immunoreactivity excreted in urine to be correlated with urine flow rate but not with urinary sodium excretion. Urinary excretion of DLIF, no

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19

Keely, E. J., and C. Faiman. "Measurement of human urinary prolactin as a noninvasive study tool." Clinical Chemistry 40, no. 11 (1994): 2017–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/40.11.2017.

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Abstract We used a time-resolved solid-phase fluoroimmunoassay with a sensitivity of 25 ng/L on 40-fold-concentrated urines to measure urine prolactin (PRL) excretion. The nature of the immunoreactive material was verified to be PRL by: (a) column chromatography showing a monomeric 23-kDa peak; (b) similarity between fluoroimmunoassay and bioassay (Nb2 lymphoma cell) results; and (c) Western blot identification. In 20 normal subjects [serum PRL 6.8 (3.8-14.0) micrograms/L, median (and range)], urine PRL excretion was 0.15 (0.07-0.23) ng/h and 0.24 (0.15-0.54) micrograms/mol of creatinine. Urin

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20

Haylor, J., C. J. Lote, and A. Thewles. "The effect of sodium bicarbonate on the flow-dependency of urinary prostaglandin excretion in man." Clinical Science 70, no. 2 (1986): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0700141.

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1. The influence of oral water loading on the excretion rate of prostaglandin (PG) E was investigated in healthy human subjects in a control study where the urine was acidic (pH 5.7) and after oral sodium bicarbonate, which made the urine mildly alkaline (pH 7.2). PGE was immediately extracted from urine and measured by a radioimmunoassay technique. 2. After sodium bicarbonate (5 g) the urinary PGE excretion rate was some three-fold higher (P < 0.01) than in the control study, in the absence of any significant difference in the urine flow (approximately 80 ml/h). 3. In the control study (ur

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21

Musumeci, V., S. Rosa, A. Caruso, B. Zappacosta, F. Tutinelli, and C. Zuppi. "Urine Beta-Thromboglobulin Concentration or Beta-Thromboglobulin/Creatinine Ratio in Single Voided Urine Samples Cannot Be Reliably Used to Estimate Quantitative Beta-Thromboglobulin Excretion." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 55, no. 01 (1986): 002–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1661434.

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SummaryDifferent procedures are currently used in the urine beta-thromboglobulin (BTG) assay. We investigated the reliability of limited urine collections and of different expressions of urine BTG results (concentration, urine BTG/creatinine ratio) for the measurement of hourly or daily BTG excretion rates. BTG was measured by a sensitive RIA method in various urine collections of normal subjects (n.80) and patients (n.120) with miscellaneous diseases where an enhanced in-vivo platelet activation could be expected. The BTG concentration in a 6-hour urine collection appeared to change in relati

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22

Gerrits, M. I., J. H. Thijssen, and H. J. van Rijn. "Determination of pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline in urine, with special attention to retaining their stability." Clinical Chemistry 41, no. 4 (1995): 571–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/41.4.571.

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Abstract Urinary excretion of the pyridinium crosslinks pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) is used as a biochemical marker of bone resorption. The present study was undertaken to determine the long-term stability of these compounds in stored urine, using the HPLC method. Systematic investigation of their chemical stability in urine demonstrated that both the free and conjugated forms of Pyr and Dpyr are extremely stable: No significant changes were observed after 6 weeks at -20 degrees C storage (e.g., free Pyr 9.6 +/- 1.2 mumol/mol creatinine (before) and 10.6 +/- 3.2 (after); fr

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23

Andersen, Stig, Rasmus Waagepetersen, and Peter Laurberg. "Misclassification of iodine intake level from morning spot urine samples with high iodine excretion among Inuit and non-Inuit in Greenland." British Journal of Nutrition 113, no. 9 (2015): 1433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515000653.

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Iodine nutrition is commonly assessed from iodine excretion in urine. A 24 h urine sample is ideal, but it is cumbersome and inconvenient. Hence, spot urine samples with creatinine to adjust for differences in void volume are widely used. Still, the importance of ethnicity and the timing of spot urine samples need to be settled. We, thus, collected 104 early morning spot urine samples and 24 h urine samples from Inuit and non-Inuit living in Greenland. Diet was assessed by a FFQ. Demographic data were collected from the national registry and by questionnaires. Iodine was measured using the San

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24

Kaplan, Jennifer S., and Gary L. Horowitz. "Twenty-Four–Hour Bence-Jones Protein Determinations: Can We Ensure Accuracy?" Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 135, no. 8 (2011): 1048–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2010-0547-oar.

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Context.—Light chain disease represents 15% to 20% of cases of multiple myeloma. Current guidelines recommend monitoring these patients with 24-hour urine collections. Objective.—To determine the reliability of 24-hour urine collections in assessing the amount of Bence-Jones protein (BJP). Design.—We included all patients from our institution from 2003 through 2008 with BJP who had more than four 24-hour urine collections. We compared BJP excretion calculated from the submitted 24-hour collection with BJP excretion calculated by normalizing the collection to that patient's mean 24-hour creatin

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25

Haylor, J., та C. J. Lote. "Urinary prostaglandin F2α excretion is not pH-dependent in the conscious rat: implications for the urinary prostaglandin E2/prostaglandin F2α ratio". Clinical Science 78, № 2 (1990): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0780181.

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1. The influence of urine pH on the urinary excretion of prostaglandin (PG) F2α and the PGE2/PGF2α ratio has been examined in the conscious rat. 2. The basal urinary PGF2α excretion rate of 3.9 pmol/h (n = 23) did not vary with urine pH. In marked contrast, PGE2 excretion increased as the urine became more alkaline. The PGE2/PGF2α ratio therefore progressively increased from 1.5 to 22 as the pH of the urine changed from pH 5.8 to pH 7.8. 3. The independence of PGF2α excretion from urine pH: (a) excludes cyclo-oxygenase as a potential site of action for the pH-dependence of urinary PGE2 excreti

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26

Houser, Mark T. "The Effects of Age and Urine Concentration on Lysozyme and N-acetyl-β-d-Glucosaminidase (NAG) Content in Urine". Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 23, № 3 (1986): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456328602300309.

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Random urine samples were obtained to evaluate potential age- or urine concentration-related differences in lysozyme or NAG content. The concentration and excretion of both enzymes was widely variable although no age-related differences were seen. Urine concentration, however, was an important variable as NAG concentration (per mL urine) and lysozyme excretion (per μmol creatinine) were significantly elevated and reduced, respectively, in samples with a higher specific gravity. The correlation coefficient between urine specific gravity and both parameters was significant. Lysozyme excretion is

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27

Orden, I., J. Pie, M. G. Juste, J. A. Marsella, and C. Blasco. "Thyroxine in unextracted urine." Acta Endocrinologica 114, no. 4 (1987): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1140503.

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Abstract. The aim of this work was to estimate the daily urinary excretion of free and conjugated thyroxine using a direct radioimmunoassay and enzyme hydrolysis. The renal clearance of free T4 was also determined. The mean urinary values of free and total T4 (mean ± 1 sd) in 112 euthyroid controls were 1353 ± 496 and 1855 ± 651 pmol/24 h, respectively. Urinary excretion of free hormone in 13 hyperthyroid patients was 5552 ± 4320 pmol/24 h and total T4 was 8122 ± 7219 pmol/24 h. Urinary free T4 excretion was 223 ± 223 pmol/24 h in hypothyroid patients and total T4 was 542 ± 490 pmol/24 h. Thes

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28

Elming, Hanne, and Karsten Sølling. "Urine Protein Excretion after Hymenoptera Sting." Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology 28, no. 1 (1994): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365599409180463.

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Montgomery, J. N. "Amino-acid Excretion in the Urine." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 3, no. 3 (2008): 214–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1961.tb10369.x.

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POORTMANS, J. R., M. F. ENGELS, M. SELLIER, and R. LECLERCQ. "Urine protein excretion and swimming events." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 23, no. 7 (1991): 831???835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199107000-00010.

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31

Kattah, Andrea G., Maria L. G. Suarez, Natasa Milic, et al. "Hormone therapy and urine protein excretion." Menopause 25, no. 6 (2018): 625–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gme.0000000000001062.

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Beetham, R., A. Dawnay, C. Ghany, S. Dubrey, and J. Miles. "A Radioimmunoassay for Human Urinary Prealbumin." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 30, no. 4 (1993): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329303000405.

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We describe a validated radioimmunoassay for prealbumin in urine. Using timed overnight urine samples, the normal reference range was less than 10–148μg/L; or less than 1·8–9·6μg/mmol creatinine, excretion in women being significantly greater than in men ( P<0–05); or less than 7–3–114 ng/min with no significant difference in excretion rate between the sexes. Urines exhibited loss of immunoreactivity after storage at — 20°C and thawing. No such loss occurred after storage for 4 weeks at 4°C or room temperature. The urinary excretion of prealbumin was highly correlated with that of albumin (

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Koritzinsky, Erik H., Jonathan M. Street, Rohit R. Chari, et al. "Circadian variation in the release of small extracellular vesicles can be normalized by vesicle number or TSG101." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 317, no. 5 (2019): F1098—F1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00568.2017.

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Numerous candidate biomarkers in urine extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been described for kidney diseases, but none are yet in clinical use, possibly due to a lack of proper normalization. Proper normalization corrects for normal biological variation in urine flow rate or concentration, which can vary by over one order of magnitude. Here, we observed inter- and intra-animal variation in urine excretion rates of small EVs (<200 nm in diameter) in healthy rats as a series of six 4-h fractions. To visualize intra-animal variation, we normalized a small EV excretion rate to a peak excretion r

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van Faassen, Martijn, Anna van der Veen, Sonja van Ockenburg, Helma de Jong, Elisabeth G. E. de Vries, and Ido P. Kema. "Mass spectrometric quantification of urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin: age-dependent excretion and biological variation." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 59, no. 1 (2021): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2020-0455.

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AbstractObjectivesRegulators of circadian rhythm, including melatonin, influence fundamental biological processes. Measuring the melatonin metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in urine can estimate melatonin production. 6-sulfatoxymelatonin is mainly analyzed by immunoassays, but these methods are hampered by cross-reactivity and poor reproducibility when used to analyze small molecules. Therefore, we validated a high-throughput liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method to quantify 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in urine. We evaluated age-dependent 24-h excretion of 6-sulfatoxymel

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UCHIYAMA, M., T. OTSUKA, Y. SHIBUYA, and K. SAKAI. "Electrolyte Excretion in 12-hour Urine and in Spot Urine." Acta Paediatrica 74, no. 3 (1985): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10991.x.

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36

Xu, Jianwei, Jiyu Zhang, Min Liu, et al. "Estimating 24-Hour Sodium Excretion from Spot Urine Samples in Chinese Adults: Can Spot Urine Substitute 24-Hour Urine Samples?" Nutrients 12, no. 3 (2020): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030798.

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Several estimating equations for predicting 24-h urinary sodium (24-hUNa) excretion using spot urine (SU) samples have been developed, but have not been readily available to Chinese populations. We aimed to compare and validate the six existing methods at population level and individual level. We extracted 1671 adults eligible for both 24-h urine and SU sample collection. Mean biases (95% CI) of predicting 24-hUNa excretion using six formulas were 58.6 (54.7, 62.5) mmol for Kawasaki, −2.7 (−6.2, 0.9) mmol for Tanaka, −24.5 (−28.0, −21.0) mmol for the International Cooperative Study on Salt, Ot

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Arcidiacono, Teresa, Marco Simonini, Chiara Lanzani, et al. "Claudin-14 Gene Polymorphisms and Urine Calcium Excretion." Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 13, no. 10 (2018): 1542–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.01770218.

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Background and objectivesClaudin-16 and -19 are proteins forming pores for the paracellular reabsorption of divalent cations in the ascending limb of Henle loop; conversely, claudin-14 decreases ion permeability of these pores. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in gene coding for claudin-14 were associated with kidney stones and calcium excretion. This study aimed to explore the association of claudin-14, claudin-16, and claudin-19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with calcium excretion.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe performed a retrospective observational study of 393 patien

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Sasaki, Nobukazu, Satoshi Morimoto, Chikahito Suda, Satoru Shimizu, and Atsuhiro Ichihara. "Urinary soluble (pro)renin receptor excretion is associated with urine pH in humans." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (2021): e0254688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254688.

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The (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] binds to renin and its precursor prorenin to activate the tissue renin-angiotensin system. It is cleaved to generate soluble (P)RR and M8–9, a residual hydrophobic truncated protein. The (pro)renin receptor also functions as an intracellular accessory protein of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase, which plays an essential role in controlling the intracellular vesicular acid environment. Thus, in the kidney, (P)RR may play a role in transporting H+ to urine in the collecting duct. Although blood soluble (P)RR has been recognized as a biomarker reflecting the status of the t

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Alwis, Upeksha S., Joris Delanghe, Lien Dossche, et al. "Could Evening Dietary Protein Intake Play a Role in Nocturnal Polyuria?" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 8 (2020): 2532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082532.

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Urea is the most abundant and the largest contributing factor for urine osmolality. Urinary urea excretion is highly interrelated with dietary protein intake. Accordingly, an increase of urinary urea excretion due to high protein diet may lead to urea-induced osmotic diuresis. This study aims to explore the association between nocturnal polyuria (NP) and urea. This is a post hoc analysis of a prospective observational study of subjects who completed a renal function profile between October 2011 and February 2015 (n = 170). Each subject underwent a 24 h urine collection, which included 8 urine

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Waller, Derek G., Satvinder S. Bhatia, Sara K. Campbell, Janet D. M. Albano, and J. Gavin B. Millar. "Active and Inactive Urinary Kallikrein in Man: Effects of Diuresis and Antidiuresis." Clinical Science 79, no. 2 (1990): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0790117.

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1. The urinary excretion of active and inactive kallikrein was studied in volunteers during diuresis induced by water loading or oral frusemide and during antidiuresis induced by desamino-d-arginine-vasopressin. 2. During acute oral water loading, excretion of active kallikrein was unchanged, despite high urine flow rates and low urine osmolalities being achieved. Excretion of inactive kallikrein correlated with the urine flow rate. 3. After desamino-d-arginine-vasopressin in eight water-loaded and six normally hydrated subjects, excretion of inactive kallikrein also correlated with the urine

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Hohage, H., C. Reinhardt, U. Borucki, et al. "Effects of diadenosine polyphosphates on renal function and blood pressure in anesthetized Wistar rats." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 7, no. 8 (1996): 1216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v781216.

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In this study, the effects of diadenosine polyphosphates on kidney function were examined. Intravenous application of diadenosine hexaphosphate (AP6A) led to a significant threefold increase in both urine flow (from 2.45 +/- 0.2 to 13.8 +/- 0.74 microL/min per 100 g body wt (P < 0.05)) and Na+ excretion (from 0.41 +/- 0.12 to 1.52 +/- 0.28 mumol/min per 100 g body wt at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg body wt). In contrast, diadenosine triphosphate dose-dependently reduced urine flow (from 3.74 +/- 0.3 to 2.57 +/- 0.1 microL/min per 100 g body wt (P < 0.05)) and Na+ excretion (from 0.45 +/- 0.1 to 0

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Bell, G. M., W. Reid, D. J. Ewing, et al. "Abnormal diurnal urinary sodium and water excretion in diabetic autonomic neuropathy." Clinical Science 73, no. 3 (1987): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0730259.

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1. Diurnal patterns of urine output and sodium and potassium excretion were studied in 10 diabetic patients with and 10 without autonomic neuropathy, and in 10 normal subjects. 2. The diurnal patterns of excretion in the diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy differed significantly from the two other groups, as a smaller proportion of the 24 h output of urine, sodium and potassium was excreted during the day and a larger proportion was excreted at night. 3. Similar changes were noted in the diurnal patterns of urinary kallikrein excretion in diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy, an

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Wennmalm, Å., G. Benthin, E. F. Granström, L. Persson, and S. Winell. "2,3-Dinor metabolites of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin in urine from healthy human subjects: diurnal variation and relation to 24 h excretion." Clinical Science 83, no. 4 (1992): 461–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0830461.

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1. Urinary levels of the 2,3-dinor metabolites of thromboxane A2 (2,3-dinor-thromboxane A2, Tx-M) and prostacyclin (2,3-dinor-6-keto-prostaglandin F1α, PGI-M) are frequently analysed as indices of platelet and endothelial activity and interaction in vivo. Despite this, little is known about the possible diurnal variations in urinary Tx-M and PGI-M in healthy human subjects, and how the urinary levels of Tx-M and PGI-M in single samples reflect their respective 24 h excretion rates. We addressed this by determining Tx-M, PGI-M and creatinine in consecutive portions of urine collected during 24

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Teo, Boon Wee, Ping Tyug Loh, Weng Kin Wong, et al. "Spot Urine Estimations Are Equivalent to 24-Hour Urine Assessments of Urine Protein Excretion for Predicting Clinical Outcomes." International Journal of Nephrology 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/156484.

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Background. The use of spot urine protein to creatinine ratios in estimating 24 hr urine protein excretion rates for diagnosing and managing chronic kidney disease (CKD) predated the standardization of creatinine assays. The comparative predictive performance of spot urine ratios and 24 hr urine collections (of albumin or protein) for the clinical outcomes of CKD progression, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and mortality in Asians is unclear. We compared 4 methods of assessing urine protein excretion in a multiethnic population of CKD patients.Methods. Patients with CKD (n=232) provided 24 hr

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Ring, Troels, and Søren Nielsen. "Whole body acid-base modeling revisited." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 312, no. 4 (2017): F647—F653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00560.2016.

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The textbook account of whole body acid-base balance in terms of endogenous acid production, renal net acid excretion, and gastrointestinal alkali absorption, which is the only comprehensive model around, has never been applied in clinical practice or been formally validated. To improve understanding of acid-base modeling, we managed to write up this conventional model as an expression solely on urine chemistry. Renal net acid excretion and endogenous acid production were already formulated in terms of urine chemistry, and we could from the literature also see gastrointestinal alkali absorptio

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Hiramatsu, Makoto, Akio Hayashi, Hideki Hidaka, Hirotsugu Ueshima, and Takashi Kanno. "Enzyme immunoassay of urinary mevalonic acid and its clinical application." Clinical Chemistry 44, no. 10 (1998): 2152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/44.10.2152.

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Abstract We have developed an enzyme immunoassay for mevalonic acid (MVA), using a specific monoclonal antibody. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation calculated on two urine samples were 3.3% and 3.4%, respectively, in the intraassay precision test and 3.5% and 6.9% in the interassay evaluation. Pravastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, was administered to nine healthy men, and in all cases, their MVA excretion rates then decreased. The more MVA that was excreted in the urine before the pravastatin administration, the greater a reduction

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Sabboh, Houda, Marie-Noëlle Horcajada, Véronique Coxam, et al. "Effect of potassium salts in rats adapted to an acidogenic high-sulfur amino acid diet." British Journal of Nutrition 94, no. 2 (2005): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20051474.

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Low-grade metabolic acidosis, consecutive to excessive catabolism of sulfur amino acids and a high dietary Na:K ratio, is a common feature of Western food habits. This metabolic alteration may exert various adverse physiological effects, especially on bone, muscle and kidneys. To assess the actual effects of various K salts, a model of the Westernised diet has been developed in rats: slight protein excess (20 % casein); cations provided as non-alkalinising salts; high Na:K ratio. This diet resulted in acidic urine (pH 5·5) together with a high rate of divalent cation excretion in urine, especi

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Haap, Michael, Friedemann Blaschka, Rainer Lehmann, Annika Hoyer, and Karsten Müssig. "Association Between Urinary Catecholamine Excretion and Urine Volume." Hormone and Metabolic Research 51, no. 08 (2019): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0926-3532.

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AbstractSeveral confounders must be considered in the evaluation of urinary catecholamine excretion. However, literature is contradictory about potential confounders. The aim of the present study was to assess correlations between catecholamine excretion and anthropometric or clinical parameters with special attention to urine volume. A total of 967 24-h urinary catecholamine measurements were performed in 593 patients for diagnostic purposes. The indication for urine examination was suspicion of secondary hypertension, phaeochromocytoma, or paraganglioma. From the patients examined, 57% were

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Rios-Leyvraz, Magali, Pascal Bovet, René Tabin, et al. "Urine Spot Samples Can Be Used to Estimate 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion in Children." Journal of Nutrition 148, no. 12 (2018): 1946–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy211.

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ABSTRACT Background The gold standard to assess salt intake is 24-h urine collections. Use of a urine spot sample can be a simpler alternative, especially when the goal is to assess sodium intake at the population level. Several equations to estimate 24-h urinary sodium excretion from urine spot samples have been tested in adults, but not in children. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the ability of several equations and urine spot samples to estimate 24-h urinary sodium excretion in children. Methods A cross-sectional study of children between 6 and 16 y of age was conducted

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Swanepoel, Bianca, Aletta E. Schutte, Marike Cockeran, Krisela Steyn, and Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen. "Monitoring the South African population’s salt intake: spot urine v. 24 h urine." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 03 (2017): 480–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017002683.

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Abstract Objective The present study set out to determine whether morning spot urine samples can be used to monitor Na (and K) intake levels in South Africa, instead of the ‘gold standard’ 24 h urine sample. Design Participants collected one 24 h and one spot urine sample for Na and K analysis, after which estimations using three different formulas (Kawasaki, Tanaka and INTERSALT) were calculated. Setting Between 2013 and 2015, urine samples were collected from different population groups in South Africa. Subjects A total of 681 spot and 24 h urine samples were collected from white (n 259), bl

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