Academic literature on the topic 'Urological Diagnostic Techniques'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Urological Diagnostic Techniques.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Urological Diagnostic Techniques"
1
Dalpiaz, Amanda, Jason Gandhi, Noel L. Smith, Gautam Dagur, Richard Schwamb, Steven J. Weissbart, and Sardar Ali Khan. "Mimicry of Appendicitis Symptomatology in Congenital Anomalies and Diseases of the Genitourinary System and Pregnancy." Current Urology 9, no. 4 (2015): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000447136.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Appendicitis is a prevailing cause of acute abdomen, but is often difficult to diagnose due to its wide range of symptoms, anatomical variations, and developmental abnormalities. Urological disorders of the genitourinary tract may be closely related to appendicitis due to the close proximity of the appendix to the genitourinary tract. This review provides a summary of the urological complications and simulations of appendicitis. Both typical and urological symptoms of appendicitis are discussed, as well as recommended diagnostic and treatment methods. Methods: Medline searches were conducted via PubMed in order to incorporate data from the recent and early literature. Results: Urological manifestations of appendicitis affect the adrenal glands, kidney, retroperitoneum, ureter, bladder, prostate, scrotum, and penis. Appendicitis in pregnancy is difficult to diagnose due to variations in appendiceal position and trimester-specific symptoms. Ultrasound, CT, and MRI are used in diagnosis of appendicitis and its complications. Treatment of appendicitis may be done via open appendectomy or laparoscopic appendectomy. In some cases, other surgeries are required to treat urological complications, though surgery may be avoided completely in other cases. Conclusion: Clinical presentation and complications of appendicitis vary among patients, especially when the genitourinary tract is involved. Appendicitis may mimic urological disorders and vice versa. Awareness of differential diagnosis and proper diagnostic techniques is important in preventing delayed diagnosis and possible complications. MRI is recommended for diagnosis of pregnant patients. Ultrasound is preferred in patients exhibiting typical symptoms.
2
Tiang, Kor Wei, Keng Lim Ng, Antonio Vega-Vega, and Simon Wood. "Rapidly enlarging renal tumor during pregnancy: diagnostic and management dilemma." Journal of Kidney Cancer and VHL 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2014): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/jkcvhl.2014.6.
Full textAbstract:
Urological tumors diagnosed during pregnancy are rare. However, the incidence seems to be increasing largely due to advancements in modern imaging techniques and improved antenatal care. The diagnosis and management of renal tumors during pregnancy poses a dilemma to clinicians. This case report highlights the challenges in managing a large chromophobe renal cell carcinoma in a young primigravida patient. Proper antenatal assessment, a multidisciplinary team approach and appropriate discussion with patient are important determinants to achieve the best clinical outcomes for both the mother and the baby.
3
Smelov, Vitaly, Kurt Naber, and Truls E. Bjerklund Johansen. "Letter to the Editor: Diagnostic Criteria in Urological Diseases do not Always Match with Findings by Extended Culture Techniques and Metagenomic Sequencing of 16S rDNA." Open Microbiology Journal 10, no. 1 (February 29, 2016): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874285801610010023.
Full textAbstract:
Some diseases of the urinary tract are defined by the presence of microorganisms while others are defined by their absence. The underlying idea has always been that urine from healthy subjects is sterile and a negative urine culture has usually been taken as discriminative for an infection to be absent. Several disorders with symptoms that resemble infections are regarded as separate entities based on the exclusion of bacterial growth such as overactive neurogenic bladder and pelvic pain syndromes. During the recent years two paradigmata related to the role of bacteria in urological disease classification have changed completely. Firstly, bacteriuria does not necessarily mean an infection, and secondly, if extended sets of culture media for identification of fastidious and anaerobic bacteria or culture-independent metagenomic sequencing (MGS) is applied, a broad range of even non-culturable bacteria has been detected in the ”sterile” bladder urine in healthy individuals. The aim of this editorial is to initiate a discussion to redefine the criteria for urinary tract infections and non-infectious urological disorders with similar symptoms. Clinical studies, in which extended sets of culture media and MGS are integrated, are needed to clarify the pathogenesis of urological disorders where bacteria may play a role. The pure detection of bacteria in the urine does not by itself prove an infectious etiology of a specific disorder. It is important to avoid that results of new technologies lead to unnecessary antibiotic consumption with unwanted collateral damage and adverse events.
4
Ignjatovic, Ivan. "Appearance of urology at the beginining of xxth century -from the general surgeon up to the highly trained specialist." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 131, no. 1-2 (2003): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0302092i.
Full textAbstract:
Evolvement of urology as a separate scientific discipline depends on several factors. Endoscopic diagnostics, radiological diagnostics, and operative techniques in general surgery, had provided an ability to perform more complex and longer operations. Urology had evolved from the great schools of surgery in Germany and France, and their the most important surgeons, who were intersted in urological surgery. The first endoscope was introduced in 1806, and received today?s form in 1879. Application of "X" rays in medicine started in 1895, and it was later applied as a cystography, retrograde pyelography as well as intravenous urography. The most important thing for the operative technique evolution were application of anhestesia, asepsis and new hemostatic devices. During the one century long development, urology had passed the way from completely unknown field, up to the discipline with the best diagnostic preciseness.
5
Bittencourt, Leonardo Kayat, Daniel Hausmann, Natalia Sabaneeff, Emerson Leandro Gasparetto, and Jelle O. Barentsz. "Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate: current concepts." Radiologia Brasileira 47, no. 5 (October 2014): 292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2013.1863.
Full textAbstract:
Multiparametric MR (mpMR) imaging is rapidly evolving into the mainstay in prostate cancer (PCa) imaging. Generally, the examination consists of T2-weighted sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) evaluation, and less often proton MR spectroscopy imaging (MRSI). Those functional techniques are related to biological properties of the tumor, so that DWI correlates to cellularity and Gleason scores, DCE correlates to angiogenesis, and MRSI correlates to cell membrane turnover. The combined use of those techniques enhances the diagnostic confidence and allows for better characterization of PCa. The present article reviews and illustrates the technical aspects and clinical applications of each component of mpMR imaging, in a practical approach from the urological standpoint.
6
De Carvalho, J. J. M., K. J. Syrjänen, M. Jacobino, N. T. Rosa, and L. Z. M. Carvalho. "Prevalence of genital human papillomavirus infections established using different diagnostic techniques among males attending a urological clinic." Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology 40, no. 2 (January 2006): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00365590500191241.
Full text
7
Choudhury, AM Anamur Rashid, Md Waliul Islam, Tasmina Parveen, Husne Ara, and Md Abdus Salam. "Intra-prostatic Local Anaesthesia for Ultrasonoguided Transrectal Prostate Biopsy - A Review Literature." Bangladesh Journal of Urology 16, no. 2 (March 11, 2020): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bju.v16i2.45942.
Full textAbstract:
Carcinoma prostate is a common disease in urological aspect. Diagnosis of prostate cancer has evolved through the past century. In additions to estimations of serum PSA which has more predictive value than diagnostic value. In previous days diagnosis of prostatic cancer relied on three measures - DRE, needle biopsy and open biopsy. With development of medical science different biopsy techniques have evolved for prostatic biopsy. Each techniques has its own merits and demerits. This review article presented here discusses on ultrasonoguided transrectal prostatic biopsy following intraprostatic local anaesthesia. A thorough review literature search was done to resolve theses issues and finally a recommendation is drawn to develop a recommendated policy of biopsy for accurate diagnosis of prostatic cancer.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 16, No. 2, July 2013 p.57-62
8
Eun, Sung-Jong, Jun Young Lee, Han Jung, and Khae-Hawn Kim. "Personalized Urination Activity Management Based on an Intelligent System Using a Wearable Device." International Neurourology Journal 25, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5213/inj.2142276.138.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: In this study, a urinary management system was established to collect and analyze urinary time and interval data detected through patient-worn smart bands, and the results of the analysis were shown through a web-based visualization to enable monitoring and appropriate feedback for urological patients.Methods: We designed a device that can recognize urination time and spacing based on patient-specific posture and consistent posture changes, and we built a urination patient management system based on this device. The order of body movements during urination was consistent in terms of time characteristics; therefore, sequential data were analyzed and urinary activity was recognized using repeated neural networks and long-term short-term memory systems. The results were implemented as a web (HTML5) service program, enabling visual support for clinical diagnostic assistance.Results: Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed recognition techniques. The effectiveness of smart band monitoring urination was evaluated in 30 men (average age, 28.73 years; range, 26–34 years) without urination problems. The entire experiment lasted a total of 3 days. The final accuracy of the algorithm was calculated based on urological clinical guidelines. This experiment showed a high average accuracy of 95.8%, demonstrating the soundness of the proposed algorithm.Conclusions: This urinary activity management system showed high accuracy and was applied in a clinical environment to characterize patients’ urinary patterns. As wearable devices are developed and generalized, algorithms capable of detecting certain sequential body motor patterns that reflect certain physiological behaviors can be a new methodology for studying human physiological behaviors. It is also thought that these systems will have a significant impact on diagnostic assistance for clinicians.
9
Gadhvi, Ashvin S., Udit I. Gadhvi, Nimesh B. Thakkar, Nidhi D. Shah, and Ranjit Zapadiya. "Spontaneous intravesical knotting of infant feeding tube: a rare case report." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 9 (August 25, 2018): 3179. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20183666.
Full textAbstract:
Infant Feeding tube is universally used in Paediatric Patients for many diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes. Intravesical knotting of IFT is rare but having significant morbidity. We here present such a rare case report in 6 month old patient treated endoscopically. Sometimes it is very difficult to remove knotting with various techniques discussed later, but it may cause more trauma to urethra. There are only few reported cases worldwide about it in few journals. But Endoscopic removal being safe among all. In such Urological Emergency, always early Identification is most important to prevent further complications. As neonate and infant’s urethra is small compared to the available smallest Foley catheter (8Fr), a 5 Fr and 8 Fr feeding tubes are practical alternatives to drain urine from the bladder. Intravesical catheter knotting of small feeding tubes placed as urinary diversion from the bladder is rare. The first case of catheter knotting in a pediatric patient was reported in 1976.
10
Fulco, Andrea, Francesco Chiaradia, Luigi Ascalone, Vincenzo Andracchio, Antonio Greco, Manlio Cappa, Marcello Scarcia, et al. "Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Ultrasound Fusion Transperineal Prostate Biopsy: Diagnostic Accuracy from a Single Center Retrospective Study." Cancers 13, no. 19 (September 28, 2021): 4833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13194833.
Full textAbstract:
The management of prostate biopsy in men with clinical suspicion of prostate cancer has changed in the last few years, especially with the introduction of imaging techniques, to overcome the low efficacy of risk stratification based on PSA levels. Here, we aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric MRI with fusion ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy and standard biopsy, both performed through the transperineal route. To this end, we retrospectively analyzed 272 patients who underwent combined transperineal targeted and standard biopsy during the same session. The primary outcome was to compare the cancer detection rate between targeted and standard biopsy. The secondary outcome was to evaluate the added value of combined targeted and standard biopsy approach as compared to only targeted or standard biopsy. Results showed that a rate of 16.7% clinically significant tumors (International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade ≥ 2) would have been lost if only the standard biopsy had been used. The combined targeted and standard biopsy showed an added value of 10.3% and 9.9% in reducing the risk of prostate cancer missing after targeted or standard biopsy alone, respectively. The combined targeted and standard biopsy pathway is recommended to reduce the risk of missing clinically significant prostate cancer.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Urological Diagnostic Techniques"
1
Segre, Cesar da Camara. "Nomograma para definição prognóstica em câncer renal. Estudo com pacientes brasileiros." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5153/tde-25082010-150324/.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: as neoplasias renais sempre foram desafiadoras devido à história natural pouco previsível e pelo incessante acréscimo de conhecimentos que rapidamente se desenvolvem com o passar das últimas décadas. Como resultado, o anseio pela busca do conhecimento relacionado ao carcinoma de células renais (CCR) gerou grande opulência de novos tratamentos e melhor conhecimento de sua fisiopatologia. Seguindo essa mesma direção, surgiram inúmeros novos fatores prognósticos que, então, foram transformados em ferramentas de predição, destacando-se os nomogramas. Nomogramas buscam estimativas para sobrevida e recorrência baseados nos parâmetros clínicos e anatomopatológicos. Contudo, pelo grande número de variáveis e populações, não existe um padrão utilizado mundialmente pela comunidade urológica. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é criar um nomograma brasileiro baseado nas características clínicas e patológicas dos pacientes com CCR tratados pela nossa instituição. Pacientes e Métodos: duzentos e sessenta pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, separados por diagnóstico de tumor incidental ou sintomático, sendo distribuídos conforme os dados anatomopatológicos, relacionando o grau de Fuhrman, invasão microvascular, tamanho do tumor e degeneração sarcomatosa. Foram realizadas análises univariada e multivariada, discriminando os fatores mais importantes para a criação deste nomograma. Resultados: nos tumores incidentais <7cm, não-sarcomatoso, de baixo grau e ausência de invasão microvascular, a expectativa de vida é de 97-98%, todavia, caso se mude o tamanho do tumor para >7cm, sarcomatoso, alto grau, presença de invasão microvascular, a expectativa de vida será de 70-82%. Nos tumores sintomáticos, <7cm, não-sarcomatosos, baixo grau e ausência de invasão microvascular, a expectativa de vida é de 87-93%, se o tumor for sintomático >7cm, sarcomatoso, de alto grau, ou com invasão microvascular, a expectativa de vida será de 18-40%. Conclusão: foi possível a confecção de um nomograma para predição prognóstica em pacientes brasileiros com CCR. A presença de sintomas controla as variáveis patológicas clássicas, tamanho tumoral, grau de Fuhrman, invasão microvascular e degeneração sarcomatosa, fornecendo uma importante ferramenta para avaliação do risco de progressão do carcinoma de células renais após o tratamento cirúrgico.Introduction: Renal neoplasms have been challenging because of its unpredictable natural history and incessant improvements of knowledge developed in the recent decades. Nomograms predict survival and recurrence based on clinical and pathological parameters, however there is no spread gold standard around the world. The main goal of this study is to build a Brazilian nomogram including RCC clinical and pathological data from our institution records and experience. Patients and Method: patients were divided in two groups based on presence or absence of symptoms. These two groups were classified by patient pathological data and Fuhrman grade, microvascular invasion, tumor size and sarcomatous degeneration. Statistic analyses were performed in order to recognize the most important risk factors, allocated to nomogram construction. Results: The incidental group with tumour size <7cm, low grade, non-sarcomatous tumors without microvascular invasion has recidive-free survival of 97-98%. The same incidental group with patients presenting a tumor size > 7cm, high grade, sarcomatous tumor, with microvascular invasion has recidive-free survival rate of 70% to 82%. In the symptomatic patients group with tumour size <7cm, low grade, non-sarcomatous tumors without microvascular invasion the survival rate is 87%-95%, while symptomatics patients with tumor size >7cm, high grade, sarcomatous tumor with microvascular invasion have recidive-free survival of 18% to 40%..Conclusion: a Brazilian nomogram has been developed for predicting prognostic outcome in patients with RCC The presence of symptoms ruled classical risk variables as Fuhrman grade, tumor size, sarcomatous degeneration. The study of those variables provided an important stride for RCC recidive prediction.
2
Silva, Juliana Cristina Pereira da. "Incontinência urinária em mulheres submetidas a estudo urodinâmico: variáveis associadas." Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/tede/371.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Fabíola Silva (fabiola.silva@famerp.br) on 2017-07-04T12:59:07Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
julianacristinapdasilva_dissert.pdf: 6143362 bytes, checksum: 40d299f2c23885568637781644986d64 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-04T12:59:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 julianacristinapdasilva_dissert.pdf: 6143362 bytes, checksum: 40d299f2c23885568637781644986d64 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-19
Introduction: Urinary Incontinence (UI) is a common symptom at some stages of a woman's life. It has an important negative impact on women's daily activities and can adversely affect their quality of life. Objective: To investigate the profile of women with urinary incontinence (UI) seen at an urological treatment center, according to the type of UI present. Methods: This descriptive, exploratory, quantitative study was conducted with 150 women with UI who had undergone urodynamic study at an urological treatment center in Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. The research methodology followed for this research was based on the collection of primary and secondary data, which were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of variance. Results: Most women were white (119-79.33%), overweight (68-45.33%), homemakers (58-38.7%), and menopausal (80-53.3%); drank coffee (124-82.67%); did not perform any physical activity (98-65.33%); and had urethral hypermobility (UH) ((91-60.67%). One hundred and forty-two women had gone through childbirth. There were 331 deliveries, of which 54.98% were cesarean sections. We found a statistically significant association between weight change and type of UI (p = 0.024); menopause (p=0.001) and intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) and detrusor instability (DI); gynecological surgery and ISD and DI (p = 0.014); hysterectomy and all types of UI (p = 0.040); and performance of physical activity and mixed UI (p = 0.014). Conclusion: The obtained data suggest that the prevention and control of UI include measures such as weight loss (decrease in BMI), exercise, pelvic floor-strengthening exercises and improved care at primary healthcare level. This subject offers a fertile field for investigation regarding diagnosis, treatment and new inter-and multiprofessional care delivery models that improve the quality of life of women with UI.
Introdução: A Incontinência Urinária (IU) é um sintoma comum em algumas fases da vida da mulher, com impacto negativo em suas atividades diárias e também comprometendo sua qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil de mulheres com incontinência urinária (IU) atendidas em um serviço de urodinâmica, segundo o tipo de IU que apresentam. Método Estudo descritivo, exploratório, quantitativo, realizado por meio de coleta de dados primários e secundários de 150 mulheres que realizaram elucidação da IU por meio de estudo urodinâmico em Centro de Diagnóstico e Tratamento Urológico da cidade de São José do Rio Preto SP. Os dados foram analisados por meio de técnicas de estatística uni e multivariada. Resultados: Entre as mulheres avaliadas, a maioria era: branca (119 – 79,33%), com sobrepeso (68 – 45,33%), do lar (58 – 38,67%), na menopausa (80 – 53,33%), ingeriam café (124 – 82,67%), não faziam atividade física (98 – 65,33%) e apresentavam hipermobilidade uretral (HU) (91 – 60,67%), Encontrou-se associação estatística significante entre mudança de peso e HU(p=0,024), menopausa e deficiência esfincteriana intrínseca (DEI) e instabilidade detrusora (ID) (P=0,001); ocorrência de cirurgia ginecológica com DEI e ID (p=0,014), histerectomia e todos os tipos de IU (p=0,040) e realização de atividade física com IU mista (p=0,014). Os dados sobre antecedentes obstétricos mostraram que 142 mulheres passaram pelo processo da parturição, resultando em 331 partos, a maioria cesarianas (54,98%), Conclusão: O perfil analisado sugere que as medidas de prevenção e controle da IU urinária seria uma diminuição do IMC, a prática de atividade física, o desenvolvimento de exercícios para o fortalecimento do assoalho pélvico e maior cuidado em nível de atenção básica de saúde. Também que é um amplo campo de investigação nos aspectos de diagnóstico, terapêutica e outras diretrizes assistenciais multi e interprofissionais, que contribuam para a melhoria da qualidade de vida das mulheres afetadas.
3
Junior, José de Bessa. "Acurária do estudo dos jatos ureterais à ultra-sonografia do Doppler Colorido no diagnóstico das hidronefroses." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5153/tde-19022009-102447/.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução e Objetivo: Hidronefrose e Obstrução são condições associadas, entretanto dilatações da via excretora podem ocorrer na ausência de obstruções clinicamente importantes. Ultra-sonografia convencional e Renograma com Diuréticos são os métodos diagnósticos complementares mais utilizados na avaliação das hidronefroses na infância. Recentes trabalhos têm demonstrado a possibilidade de observarmos os jatos ureterais com o Estudo Ultra-sonográfico com Doppler Colorido e sugerido a sua aplicação no diagnóstico diferencial das hidronefroses. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a aplicabilidade do estudo dos jatos ureterais como método diagnóstico na identificação das hidronefroses obstrutivas e não obstrutivas na população pediátrica. Métodos: Foram estudadas 48 crianças (35 meninos e 13 meninas) com idade que variou de um mês a 14 anos (mediana de 4 anos), que se apresentaram com Hidronefroses Unilaterais, Graus III e IV, e com suspeita de obstrução da junção pieloureteral. Todos os sujeitos foram submetidos ao Estudo dos jatos ureterais e ao Renograma com Diuréticos num período de duas semanas. As unidades hidronefróticas foram consideradas obstruídas quando a Função Renal Diferencial era menor do que 40%, ou em indivíduos mais velhos que apresentavam dor lombar intermitente. Os jatos ureterais de cada meato foram contados por um período de 5 minutos e considerados separadamente. Freqüência Relativa dos Jatos (FRJ) foi definida como o numero de jatos ureterais no lado afetado dividido pela soma dos jatos ureterais observados bilateralmente. Resultados: Vinte e duas (45,8%) unidades hidronefróticas foram consideradas obstruídas.A média da FRJ diferiu significativamente entre as hidronefroses obstrutivas (0,09 ± 0,15) e não obstrutivas (0,41 ± 0,11). (p<0.001). Análise da Curva ROC revelou que FRJ < 0,25 é o melhor valor que distingue as hidronefroses obstrutivas e não obstrutivas e o faz corretamente em 91,2 % dos casos, com uma Sensibilidade de 86,4% (IC95%=78,6-98,2%) e Especificidade de of 96.15% (IC95%=87.8-99%). O Índice de Probabilidade Positivo foi de 22,45 e a Razão de Chances Diagnóstica de 158,3. A área sob a curva ROC foi de 0,91 (IC95%=0,86-0,98) indicando a excelente acurácia do método. Conclusões: FRJ < 25 % mostrou ser um bom indicador de obstrução nas hidronefroses unilaterais da infância. O estudo dos jatos ureterais a Ultrasonografia com Doppler Colorido é método simples, não invasivo e pode ser utilizado na abordagem inicial e no seguimento, na diferenciação das hidronefroses obstrutivas e não obstrutivas na população pediátricaIntroduction and Objective: Hydronephrosis (HN) and obstruction are closely associated, but upper urinary tract dilatation can occur without significant obstruction. Despite some pitfalls, conventional ultrasonography and diuretic renography (DR) are the main modalities in the evaluation of HN in children. Recent reports have demonstrated the usefulness of Color Doppler Ultrasonography (CDUS) as a reliable method to identify the ureteric jets (UJ) in the bladder. The aim of this study was to evaluate CDUS evaluation of the UJ in the bladder as a diagnostic tool to distinguish obstructive from non-obstructive dilatations of the upper tract in pediatric population. Methods: We evaluated 48 patients (35 boys and 13 girls), aged 1 month to 14 years (median = 4 ys.), who presented with unilateral grade III and IV hydronephrosis suspicious of pyeloureteral junction obstruction. All patients underwent DR and evaluation of UJ by transverse CDSG of the bladder within a maximum of 2 weeks. Obstruction was considered in the DR when the hydronephrotic unit showed Differential Renal Function of less than 40%, or when symptomatic intermittent renal colic was present in older children. The number of UJ was counted over a 5 min period and its frequency was calculated for each ureteral orifice. Relative Jet Frequency (RJF) was defined as the UJ frequency of hydronephrotic side divided by total UJ frequency. Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) plots were constructed to determine the best cuttoff for RJF, in order to identify renal units with obstructive hydronephrosis. Results:Twenty-two(45.8%) hydronephrotic units were considered obstructed. The mean RJF differed significantly between obstructive (0.09 ± 0,15) and non-obstructive hydronephrosis (0.41± 0.11)(p<0.001). ROC analysis revealed that RJF< 0.25 was the best threshold and it correctly discriminates obstruction in 91.2% of the childrens with a sensitivity of 86.4% (95%CI=78.6-98.2%) and specificity of 96.15% (95%CI=87,8-99%). The Positive Likelihood Ratio was 22.45 and Diagnostic Odds Ratio was 158.3.The area under the ROC curve was 0.91 (95%CI=0.86-0.98), indicating excellent discrimination power. Conclusions: In this study RJF < 25% was found to be a good indicator of obstruction in children with unilateral hydronephrosis. CDUS evaluation of UJ is an easy and non-invasive method that can be used as an initial diagnostic tool and in follow-up cases, to differentiate obstructed from non-obstructed hydronephrosis in the pediatric population
4
Cowan, Nigel Christopher. "The development of CT urography for investigating haematuria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:284084de-2a71-4e35-8342-41f039b03df1.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis addresses the three principal questions concerning the development of CT urography for investigating haematuria and each question is the subject of a separate chapter. The questions are: What is the reasoning behind using CT urography? What is the optimum diagnostic strategy using CT urography? What are the problems with using CT urography and how may solutions be provided? Haematuria can signify serious disease such as urinary tract stones, renal cell cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) and bladder cancer (BCa). CT urography is defined as contrast enhanced CT examination of kidneys, ureters and bladder. The technique used here includes unenhanced, nephrographic and excretory-phases for optimized diagnosis of stones, renal masses and urothelial cancer respectively. The reasoning behind using excretory-phase CT urography for investigating haematuria is based on results showing its high diagnostic accuracy for UTUC and BCa. Patients with haematuria are classified as low risk or high risk for UTUC and BCa, by a risk score, determined by the presence/absence of risk factors: age > 50 years, visible or nonvisible haematuria, history of smoking and occupational exposure. The optimum diagnostic strategy for patients at high risk for urothelial cancer, uses CT urography as a replacement test for ultrasonography and intravenous urography and as a triage test for flexible and rigid cystoscopy, resulting in earlier diagnosis and potentially improving prognosis. For patients at low risk, ultrasonography, unenhanced and nephrographic-phase CT urography are proposed as initial imaging tests. Problems with using CT urography include false positive results for UTUC, which are eliminated by retrograde ureteropyelography-guided biopsy, an innovative technique, for histopathological confirmation of diagnosis. Recommendations for the NHS and possible future developments are discussed. CT urography, including excretory-phase imaging, is recommended as the initial diagnostic imaging test before cystoscopy for patients with haematuria at high risk for urothelial cancer.
Books on the topic "Urological Diagnostic Techniques"
1
Field, Michael. The renal system: [basic science and clinical conditions]. Edinburgh: Harcourt Publishers, 2001.
Find full text
3
Fritsma, George A. Quick guide to renal disease testing. Washington, DC: AACC Press, 2011.
Find full text
4
Christopher, Foster, and Ross Jeffrey S. 1945-, eds. Pathology of the urinary bladder. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2004.
Find full text
5
A, Pollock Carol, and Harris, David C. (David Charles), 1953-, eds. The renal system: Basic science and clinical conditions. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier, 2010.
Find full text
6
1941-, Bush William H., ed. Urologic imaging and interventional techniques. Baltimore: Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1989.
Find full text
10
P, Richie Jerome, and D'Amico Anthony V, eds. Urologic oncology. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Urological Diagnostic Techniques"
1
Rioja, Jorge, Charalampos Mamoulakis, Stavros Gravas, and Jean de la Rosette. "Imaging in Diagnosis and Staging of Urological Cancers: Ultrasound, CT, and PET." In Interventional Techniques in Uro-Oncology, 141–76. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444329896.ch9.
Full text
2
Tappin, Simon W., and Andrew J. Brown. "Diagnostic Evaluation, Monitoring, and Therapeutic Techniques for the Urologic System." In Feline Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, 267–80. Ames, Iowa USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785614.ch22.
Full text
3
Fütterer, Jurgen J., and Stijn T. W. P. J. Heijmijnk. "Imaging in Diagnosis and Staging of Urologic Cancers: Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In Interventional Techniques in Uro-Oncology, 118–40. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444329896.ch8.
Full text
4
Sriraam, N., V. Natasha, and H. Kaur. "Data Mining Techniques and Medical Decision Making for Urological Dysfunction." In Data Warehousing and Mining, 2506–16. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-951-9.ch153.
Full textAbstract:
Data mining has been emerging recently as a viable computational tool for autonomous decision making especially in the field of medical applications. It has provided diagnostic solutions for skin and breast cancer detection, brain tumor detection, and also for other classification problems. In this chapter, we explore two data mining techniques, namely, association mining and decision tree mining, for predicting the life span of the kidney failure patients who have undergone routine dialysis. The total parameters used for this study were 28 attributes. The optimal prioritized parameters that decide the survival rate are reported and it can be concluded from the experimental results that the decision tree approach yields promising results.
5
Mantica, Guglielmo, Pieter V. Spies, and André Van der Merwe. "Bladder and ureteric trauma." In Challenging Cases in Urological Surgery, edited by Karl H. Pang, James W. F. Catto, Aung Myat, and Shouvik Haldar, 389–96. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198854371.003.0040.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A case of penetrating ureteric and bladder injury is reported. The principles of management of ureteric and bladder trauma are demonstrated by the tissue loss in this particular case. Emphasis is placed on the early diagnosis and then careful management of the injuries to allow tissue tension-free healing. The importance of anatomical expertise is demonstrated in the blood supply of the ureter. The case discusses the fragile nature of ureteric tissue needing gentle dissection techniques, respectful handling, and fine sutures. Ureter and bladder injuries have to be repaired in a watertight fashion and drained internally and externally. Urine accumulating in the tissue is toxic and can affect the critically ill trauma patient negatively, therefore, adequate drainage for a length of time allowing healing of tissue is essential.