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1
Dalben, André. "Las escuelas al aire libre uruguayas: creación y circulación de saberes." Educación Física y Ciencia 21, no. 2 (April 5, 2019): e075. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/23142561e075.
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El objetivo es analizar la creación de las primeras escuelas al aire libre en Uruguay y la posición asumida por el médico Américo Mola en la circulación nacional e internacional de saberes sobre estas instituciones médico-educativas. Las fuentes empleadas abarcan principalmente el periodo entre los años de 1909 y 1936. La primera escuela al aire libre fue inaugurada en Montevideo en 1913 por iniciativa de la Liga Uruguaya contra la Tuberculosis. Su funcionamiento contaba con la colaboración del Cuerpo Médico Escolar y de la Dirección General de Instrucción Primaria del Uruguay. A principios de la década de 1920, el gobierno uruguayo creó otras dos escuelas al aire libre en los alrededores de la capital uruguaya. Mola fue una figura central para la divulgación internacional de las tres escuelas al aire libre uruguayas. En 1922 asumió la presidencia del Comité Internacional de Escuelas al Aire Libre y en 1936 presidió la tercera edición del Congreso Internacional de Escuelas al Aire Libre (Bielefeld/Alemania). A lo largo de su carrera estableció una fructífera red de interlocución con profesionales sudamericanos y europeos por medio del Instituto Internacional Americano de Protección a la Infancia para la divulgación internacional de las escuelas al aire libre uruguayas.
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Brandalise, Roberta. "O ACIONAMENTO DE IDENTIDADES COMPARTILHADAS NA FRONTEIRA URUGUAIO-BRASILEIRA A PARTIR DA CONSTRUÇÃO DO URUGUAI COMO PROPOSTA DE CONSUMO." Revista Observatório 2, no. 5 (December 25, 2016): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2447-4266.2016v2n5p271.
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Estudamos a participação do jornalismo brasileiro na articulação de representações sociais e de identidades culturais na fronteira Brasil-Uruguai, a partir das apropriações e usos que brasileiros e uruguaios fronteiriços fizeram de narrativas noticiosas sobre o Uruguai e que eles consideraram relevantes em seu cotidiano. Realizamos o estudo de caso sob a perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais Britânicos e Latino-Americanos, com entrevistas semiestruturadas junto a uma amostra de 12 fronteiriços. O Uruguai foi caracterizado no discurso jornalístico como uma proposta de consumo, como destino turístico ou em função de seus produtos e recursos naturais. As narrativas noticiosas colaboraram para reforçar a identificação entre uruguaios e brasileiros com respeito ao pertencimento regional e ao estilo de vida.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Comunicação; Consumo; Fronteiras; Uruguai; Brasil.
ABSTRACT
We studied the participation of Brazilian journalism in the articulation of social representations and of cultural identities on the Brazilian and Uruguayan border based on the news narratives about Uruguay that frontier Brazilians and Uruguayans appropriated, made use of and considered relevant in their everyday lives. We conducted the study case from the perspective of British and Latin American social studies, using semi-structured interviews for questioning 12 frontier people. Uruguay was featured in newspaper discourse as a consumption proposal, a tourist destination, or a stand for its products and natural resources. The narrative news helped to reinforce the mutual identification of Uruguayans and Brazilians with respect to their belonging to the region and their life style.
KEYWORDS: Communication; Consumption; Frontiers; Uruguay; Brazil.
RESUMEN
Estudiamos la participación del periodismo brasileño en la articulación de representaciones sociales y de identidades culturales en la frontera Brasil-Uruguay, a partir de las apropiaciones y de los usos que hicieron los brasileños y los uruguayos fronterizos de narraciones noticiosas sobre Uruguay, que consideraban que eran relevantes en su rutina. Realizamos el estudio de caso desde la perspectiva de los Estudios Culturales Británicos y Latinoamericanos, con entrevistas semiestructuradas en una muestra de 12 fronterizos. Uruguay se caracterizó en el discurso periodístico como una propuesta de consumo, como destino turístico o en función de sus productos y recursos naturales. Las narraciones noticiosas colaboraron para reforzar la identificación entre uruguayos y brasileños con respecto al sentido de pertenencia regional y al estilo de vida.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Comunicación; Consumo; Fronteras; Uruguay; Brasil
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DIANA, ELVIS DE ALMEIDA. "CIVILIZAÇÃO NACIONAL A PARTIR DE FORA: política e cultura em La Revista Literária no Uruguai (1865)." Outros Tempos: Pesquisa em Foco - História 16, no. 28 (July 21, 2019): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18817/ot.v16i28.672.
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Propomos analisar a atuação político - cultural do periódico La Revista Literaria, fundado por vários intelectuais uruguaios em 1865, buscando compreendê -lo tanto como um espaço de formação intelectual, quanto cidadã, a partir das indicações de Hilda Sabato (2008). Objetivamos, também, entender como suas publicações propuseram uma identidade para o Uruguai daquele período, visando à “civilização” de caráter nacional para a população daquele país. A atuação do referido periódico se centrou nas críticas dirigidas à Igreja Católica uruguaia e ao passado monárquico espanhol que ainda parecia se mostrar presente em meio às tentativas internas de consolidação do Estado Nacional pós-independência. No entanto, esse projeto se deu olhando-se “para fora”, por meio de referenciais externos, consistindo, assim, em uma forma de percepção de um “movimento” temporal – conforme os dizeres de Reinhart Koselleck (2006) - em direção à “modernidade” político - cultural nacional uruguaia. Palavras-chave: Uruguai. Civilização. La Revista Literária. NATIONAL CIVILIZATION FROM THE OUTSIDE:politics and culture in La Revista Literaria in Uruguay (1865) Abstract: We propose to analyze the political-cultural performance of the periodical La Revista Literaria, founded by several intellectuals in 1865, seeking to understand it both as a space for intellectual and citizen formation, based on the indications of Hilda Sabato (2008). We also aimed to understand how his publications proposed an identity for Uruguay of that period, aiming at the "civilization" of national character for the population of that country. The journal's work focused on criticism of the Uruguayan Catholic Church and the Spanish monarchist past that still seemed to be present amid the internal attempts to consolidate the post-independence National State. However, this project took place by looking "outwardly" through external references, thus constituting a form of perception of a temporal "movement" - in Reinhart Koselleck's (2006) words -towards "modernity" political-cultural Uruguayan national. Keywords: Uruguay. Civilization. La Revista Literaria. CIVILIZACIÓN NACIONAL A PARTIR DE FUERA: política y cultura en La Revista Literaria en el Uruguay (1865) Resumen: Proponemos analizar el desempeño político-cultural de la revista La Revista Literaria, fundada por varios intelectuales en 1865, buscando entenderlo como un espacio para la formación intelectual y ciudadana, basado en las indicaciones de Hilda Sabato (2008). También intentamos entender cómo sus publicaciones propusieron una identidad para Uruguay de ese período, con el objetivo de la "civilización" de carácter nacional para la población de ese país. El trabajo de la revista se centró en las críticas a la Iglesia Católica Uruguaya y al pasado monárquico español que todavía parecía estar presente en medio de los intentos internos para consolidar el Estado Nacional posterior a la independencia. Sin embargo, este proyecto se llevó a cabo mirando "hacia afuera" a través de referencias externas, constituyendo así una forma de percepción de un "movimiento" temporal, como lo expresa Reinhart Koselleck (2006), hacia la "modernidad" político-cultural uruguaya. Palabras-clave: Uruguay. Civilización.La Revista Literaria.
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Josková, Anna. "Etnická identita Uruguayců." Kulturní studia 2021, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 19–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/ks.2021.150102.
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This paper examines Uruguayan society, which, despite its multiethnic origins, has developed a homogeneous culture. The main objective is to define the main cultural elements and describe the attributes of the Uruguayan ethnicity. Based on the analysis of socio-cultural specificities, the thesis provides practical recommendations to facilitate good relations with the Uruguayan nation. These may be particularly useful for business people, potential international students, travelers or other visitors to Uruguay, and others interested in learning about the local people and their culture. The theoretical section explains basic concepts related to identity, ethnicity and nation, and also introduces theoretical concepts and approaches to these ambiguous phenomena. The practical part contains interpreted data from field research conducted by the author in Uruguay in 2018. The research is based on qualitative research methods and consists of two focus group interviews with Uruguayans, four semi-structured interviews with recent immigrants, and long-term observation. The significance of the research is all the more valuable because the findings presented are unique in the field of this previously uncovered topic.
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Younger, Joseph P. "“Naturals of This Republic:” Slave Law, Sovereignty, and the Legal Politics of Citizenship in the Río de la Plata Borderlands, 1845–1864." Law and History Review 30, no. 4 (November 2012): 1099–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248012000521.
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In 1859, Cándido Xavier Azambuja appeared before officials in Salto, Uruguay demanding the return of an alleged fugitive slave, Pedro, pursuant to the terms of the 1851 Extradition Treaty between Brazil and Uruguay. According to Cándido's testimony, Pedro had fled from his brother Geronimo's estancia located near the Brazilian town of Bagé close to the Uruguayan border. Upon questioning, Cándido admitted that Pedro and Geronimo had been in the Estado Oriental briefly in 1851 in order to drive several herds of cattle back into Brazil, but argued that Pedro returned with his master and had never been to the Uruguayan Republic before or since. In response, Pedro argued that he was not a fugitive Brazilian slave, but rather a “natural of this republic.” Pedro claimed that he was born in Tacuarembó, Uruguay, and promptly produced the baptismal records to prove it. Pedro went on to note that his entire family consisted of free Uruguayans like himself. He then claimed that Cándido had repeatedly attempted “to make him a slave,” going so far as to remove him forcibly from his home and carry him across the border into Brazil. He requested protection from these continued threats to his and his family's basic rights under Uruguayan law.
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Laborde, Gustavo. "El ñandú en Uruguay: el consumo alimentario de un ave nativa percibida como exótica." Studium, no. 22 (September 4, 2018): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_studium/stud.2016223032.
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Los yacimientos arqueológicos registran que el consumo de ñandú era habitual entre las poblaciones originarias del actual territorio uruguayo. Tras la introducción del ganado vacuno en la primera mitad del siglo xvii, cuando se asentaron también los primeros colonos europeos, el consumo de carne de ñandú comenzó a perder importancia en la dieta local, aunque en el área rural se mantuvo el consumo de sus huevos y el ave se siguió cazando para extraerle las plumas. Hacia el año 2000, con impulso estatal, se instalaron varios criaderos con el objetivo de exportar carne de ñandú a Europa y de abastecer a restaurantes y consumidores gourmets locales. Pese a ser una especie nativa, su carne se clasifica dentro de las carnes exóticas, actitud que a su vez revela la centralidad de la carne vacuna en la dieta uruguaya, que se percibe como autóctona.
Palabras clave: ñandú, consumo, carne, huevos, Uruguay
Abstract
Archaeological sites have shown that ñandú meat was common among the food consumed by the natives in what is now the current Uruguayan territory. Since the arrival of cattle, during the first half of the 17th Century —also the time of the first European settlers— ñandú meat became increasingly rare in the local diet, even though the rural population continued to eat the eggs and hunt the ñandú because of its feathers.In the year 2000, and with Public funding, several breeding centers were initiated. The goal was to export ñandú meat to Europe, and to supply local restaurants and connoiseurs. Despite the fact that the ñandú is a native species, its meat is cataloged as “exotic”, a fact that reflects the centrality of beef in the Uruguayan diet, as beef is perceived as indigenous.
Key words: ñandú, consumption, meat, eggs, Uruguay
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De Miguel-Molina, María, Virginia Santamarina-Campos, Blanca De Miguel-Molina, and María del Val Segarra-Oña. "Creative cities and sustainable development: mural-based tourism as a local public strategy." Dirección y Organización, no. 51 (December 1, 2013): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37610/dyo.v0i50.429.
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Creative locations become a key element of public regeneration strategies and develop innovative services based on intellectual proper ty. Some communities that have chosen to develop their tourism potential through the use of murals have improved their local development in a sustainable way, thus meeting a need expressed by tourists to create a more active experience with an opportunity for the destination to embed experiences in the locality. In this study, which was carried out as part of an international cooperation research project with Uruguay, we have explored whether Uruguayan mural art may be a way for Uruguayan towns to develop sustainable, creative, mural-based tourism. We used a qualitative content analysis, through in-person interviews, and found that its potential has not been exploited due to the lack of an organized public strategy.Keywords: creative cities, mural art, local sustainable development, mural-based tourism.Ciudades creativas y desarrollo sostenible: turismo basado en el arte mural como estrategia pública localResumen: Las localidades creativas son un elemento clave para el impulso de estrategias de regeneración pública y de creación de servicios innovadores basados en la propiedad intelectual. Algunas comunidades que han optado por desarrollar su potencial turístico a través del arte mural han mejorado su desarrollo local de manera sostenible, uniendo la necesidad de los turistas de vivir una experiencia más activa con la oportunidad de incluir en esas experiencias a la localidad. En este estudio, llevado a cabo en el marco de un proyecto de investigación de cooperación internacional con Uruguay, analizamos si el arte muralista uruguayo podría ser una vía para las localidades uruguayas de desarrollar un turismo sostenible y creativo. Para ello hemos realizado un análisis cualitativo del contenido de diversas entrevistas observando que dicho potencial no ha sido explotado debido a la falta de una estrategia pública organizada.Palabras clave: ciudades creativas, arte mural, desarrollo local, turismo basado en el muralismo.
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Premuda-Conti, Paola, and Heber da Cunha. "Vocational Rehabilitation Services in Uruguay: A Rehabilitation Counseling Perspective." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 45, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.45.2.18.
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Provisions to promote work for Uruguayans with disabilities have been included in many Uruguayan national laws (e.g., Law 16095, Law 18651), however, their participation in the labor force remains low. This paper introduces current demographic data on people with disabilities, as well as key aspects of Uruguayan society, such as prevalent attitudes towards people with disabilities. In addition, a brief overview of social security benefits and disability services is presented, followed by a description of current policy and major pieces of legislation that affect employment of people with disabilities in that country. Finally, selected public and private initiatives to foster employment opportunities for Uruguayans with disabilities, such as the Work Training program for people with disabilities (Programa de Capacitaciόn Laboral para personas con discapacidad or PROCLADIS) and the Target Employment program (“Objetivo Empleo), are presented in detail and discussed. Implications for rehabilitation counselors and practitioners are provided. The pursuit of full employment for people with disabilities remains a challenge in Uruguay, however, recent policy initiatives are auspicious.
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Figueredo, Magdalena, and Fabiana Larrobla. "Uruguayan mortuaries and the No Names: the long story of the unidentified bodies found on the coastline of Uruguay during the Condor Plan." Human Remains and Violence: An Interdisciplinary Journal 3, no. 2 (2017): 56–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/hrv.3.2.5.
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Between 1975 and 1979, thirty-one unidentified bodies bearing marks of torture appeared at various locations along Uruguays coastline. These bodies were material proof of the death flights implemented in neighbouring Argentina after the military coup. In Uruguay, in a general context of political crisis, the appearance of these anonymous cadavers first generated local terror and was then rapidly transformed into a traumatic event at the national level. This article focuses on the various reports established by Uruguayan police and mortuary services. It aims to show how,the administrative and funeral treatments given at that time to the dead bodies, buried anonymously (under the NN label) in local cemeteries, make visible some of the multiple complicities between the Uruguayan and Argentinean dictatorships in the broader framework of the Condor Plan. The repressive strategy implemented in Argentina through torture and forced disappearance was indeed echoed by the bureaucratic repressive strategy implemented in Uruguay through incomplete and false reports, aiming to make the NN disappear once again.
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Andacht, Fernando, and Matías Carbajal. "Signos de bajo perfil en tiempos de estridencia nacional." Tríade: Revista de Comunicação, Cultura e Mídia 8, no. 19 (December 29, 2020): 131–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22484/2318-5694.2020v8n19p131-158.
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El texto se dedica a reconocer y caracterizar las significaciones de lo nacional que intervienen en la cobertura periodística uruguaya del conflicto diplomático (2005-2013) que enfrentó a Uruguay y Argentina por la instalación de dos plantas de celulosa. A partir de un corpus de textos periodísticos publicados en momentos cuando el conflicto se desarrollaba con intensidad, el objetivo es abordar el funcionamiento icónico del imaginario social uruguayo. En particular, el análisis se focaliza en la explotación semiótica que hace la prensa escrita uruguaya de algunas imágenes fotográficas, para consolidar un carácter nacional en contraste con Argentina. Mediante una perspectiva teórica basada en el modelo semiótico y triádico de Peirce, el texto intenta aportar elementos conceptuales y empíricos para comprender la matriz de sentido del imaginario social uruguayo.
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Rocha, Carolina. "Ibermedia y el cine uruguayo contemporáneo." Latin American and Latinx Visual Culture 2, no. 2 (2020): 12–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/lavc.2020.220003.
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Since the last decade of the twentieth century, there has been greater audiovisual collaboration between Latin American and Spanish filmmakers and producers. The year 1998 saw the creation of Ibermedia, a program that brings together Spain and Latin American countries to collectively encourage coproductions. While it is true that the participation of Spain, a country in which Ibermedia has headquarters, and the stipulation that Spanish actors be used in the group's productions gave the impression that it was a neocolonial project, in its twenty years of existence, Ibermedia has led to continuous production of Latin American films. This essay is the first of its kind, tracing the influence of Ibermedia in the development of Uruguayan cinema in the period 1998–2018. Using data from Ibermedia and the Uruguayan Cinema and Audiovisual Institute (ICAU 2008), it is clear that Ibermedia's contributions have not only encouraged sustained film production in Uruguay and boosted the cinematographic careers of two generations of directors, but they also contributed to the passing of the 2008 film law and the creation of the ICAU. However, this study also shows that the Uruguayan coproductions financed by Ibermedia take a long time to be released and, with some exceptions, perform poorly at the box office, although they earn important awards and nominations. Desde la última década del siglo XX, existe una mayor colaboración audiovisual entre cineastas y productores latinoamericanos y españoles. En 1998, surgió Ibermedia, un programa que nuclea a países latinoamericanos y España que participan de un fondo común que fomenta coproducciones. Si bien es cierto que la participación de España, país en el cual Ibermedia tiene domicilio legal, y la condición de utilizar actores españoles dieron la impresión de que se trataba de un programa neocolonial, en sus veinte años de existencia, Ibermedia ha propiciado una producción continua de películas latinoamericanas. Este ensayo es el primero de su clase, que traza la influencia de Ibermedia en el desarrollo del cine uruguayo en el período 1998–2018. Utilizando datos de Ibermedia y del Instituto de Cine y Audiovisual del Uruguay (ICAU 2008), es posible ver cómo los aportes de Ibermedia no solo alentaron una producción uruguaya sostenida que ha impulsado las carreras cinematográficas de dos generaciones de directores, sino que también contribuyeron a la aprobación de la ley de cine del 2008 y la creación del ICAU. Sin embargo, este estudio también pone en evidencia que las coproducciones uruguayas financiadas por Ibermedia se demoran en ser estrenadas y, con algunas excepciones, tienen un débil desempeño en las taquillas, aunque consiguen premios y nominaciones de importancia. Desde a última década do século XX, ocorre maior colaboração entre cineastas e produtores latino-americanos e espanhóis. O ano de 1998 testemunhou a criação do Ibermedia, programa que reúne a Espanha e países da América Latina para incentivar coletivamente coproduções. Enquanto é verdade que a participação da Espanha, país onde o Ibermedia possui residência legal, e a estipulação que atores espanhóis possam ser usados em produções do grupo dão a impressão de que o projeto seja necolonial, em seus vinte anos de existência o Ibermedia levou à produção contínua de filmes latino-americanos. Este ensaio é o primeiro de seu gênero, traçando a influência do Ibermedia no desenvolvimento do cinema uruguaio no período de 1998 a 2018. Usando dados do Ibermedia e do Instituto Uruguaio de Cinema e Audiovisual (ICAU 2008), fica claro que as contribuições do Ibermedia não apenas incentivaram a produção sustentada de filmes no Uruguai, como também impulsionaram as carreiras cinematográficas de duas gerações de diretores. Eles também contribuíram para a aprovação da lei cinematográfica de 2008 e a criação do ICAU. No entanto, este estudo também mostra que as coproduções uruguaias financiadas pela Ibermedia demoram muito tempo para serem divulgadas e, com algumas exceções, apresentam um desempenho ruim nas bilheterias, embora recebam importantes prêmios e indicações.
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Marrero, Adriana. "Los límites de la inclusión: mitos y realidades de la educación uruguaya del último siglo." Poiésis - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação 3, no. 5 (June 30, 2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/prppge.v3e520101-28.
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El artículo se propone mostrar que la desigualdad educative no es un fenómeno nuevo en Uruguay. Lejos de un sentido común generalizado que sostiene que la educación uruguaya del mediados del Siglo XX tenía altos grados de calidad y de inclusión social, el artículo muestra las dificultades que tuvo siempre el sistema educativo uruguayo para incluir a los sectores más pobres de la población. Simultáneamente, se ensayan explicaciones sobre las razones por las cuales la educación del pasado no era cuestionada.
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Palermo, Eduardo. "PRENSA Y POLÍTICA AFRO URUGUAYA: NUESTRA RAZA Y EL PARTIDO AUTÓCTONO NEGRO - PRIMERA MITAD DEL SIGLO XX." Revista Prâksis 1 (February 15, 2019): 07. http://dx.doi.org/10.25112/rpr.v1i0.1740.
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En 1933 se fundó la Revista Nuestra Raza, órgano de prensa afro uruguayo que denunció la situación social de los mismos, marcada hasta mediados del siglo 20 por el analfabetismo, dificultades de acceso laboral, la prostitución de la mujer “negra”, la falta de acceso a los trabajos públicos, bajas remuneraciones, negación de los derechos jubilatorios, la vida en zonas suburbanas y muy pobres, la discriminación y el racismo. Fue un portavoz en el combate al fascismo internacional, a las dictaduras, al racismo y aportó a la unidad cultural afro uruguaya, fundando la Casa de la Raza. Entre las acciones más importantes aporto a la creación, en 1936, del Partido Autóctono Negro con el objetivo de obtener un diputado que los representara. En todos los aspectos la revista fue pionera en las acciones de resistencia y acción militante de los afro- uruguayos.Palabras-clave: Prensa afro uruguaya. Nuestra Raza. Partido Autóctono Negro.AbstractIn 1933, the magazine Nuestra Raza, an Afro-Uruguayan press body, was denounced, denouncing the social situation of the same, marked until the middle of the 20th century by illiteracy, labor access difficulties, the prostitution of "black" women, the lack of access to public works, low wages, denial of pension rights, life in suburban and very poor areas, discrimination and racism. He was a spokesman in the fight against international fascism, dictatorships, racism and contributed to the Afro-Uruguayan cultural unity, founding the Casa de la Raza. Among the most important actions contributed to the creation, in 1936, of the Partido Autoctono Negro (Black Autochthonous Party) with the aim of obtaining a deputy to represent them. In all aspects, the magazine pioneered the actions of resistance and militant action of Afro-Uruguayans.Keywords: Uruguayan afro press. Our Race. Black Autochthonous Party.
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Merenson, Silvina. "Del “exilio” a “la diáspora”. Lenguajes y mediaciones en el proceso de diasporización uruguayo." Horizontes Antropológicos 21, no. 43 (June 2015): 211–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-71832015000100009.
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ResumenA partir de una etnografía multi-situada, este artículo explora las conceptualizaciones del término “diáspora” y el reciente pero sostenido “proceso de diasporización” para el caso uruguayo. Concretamente analizamos cómo y quiénes componen la “diáspora uruguaya” atendiendo a los lenguajes y las mediaciones propiciadas en el marco de la Dirección de Asuntos Consulares y Vinculación, el programa “Departamento 20” y las acciones en torno a la implementación del “voto en el exterior”. Para ello, el artículo reseña la literatura académica sobre emigración en Uruguay, describe las interacciones sucedidas en el V Encuentro Mundial de Consejos Consultivos (2013) y las confronta con el lenguaje y las prácticas políticas transnacionales del colectivo uruguayo en la Argentina a fin de puntualizar las tensiones cifradas en los usos nativos de “diáspora”. Finalmente se formulan algunos interrogantes respecto de los retos que los procesos de diasporización suponen a las teorías políticas y las democracias liberales.
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Caetano, Gerardo. "Ciudadanía y elecciones en el Uruguay contemporáneo (2009-2010)." Temas y Debates, no. 21 (March 8, 2013): 11–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35305/tyd.v0i21.36.
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Se busca fundamentar la pertinencia de un abordaje más centrado en las miradas articuladasde la Historia política y de la Ciencia Políticacomo claves de interpretación del ciclo electoral 2009-2010 en el Uruguay. Se argumenta en particular acerca de la centralidad del cambio ciudadano en tanto elemento decisivo en los desenlaces y trayectorias del proceso. En esa dirección analítica, se abordan los siguientes temas: i) el señalamiento de algunas implicaciones de la inscripción de los itinerarios electorales del bienio pasado como parte de un cambio profundo y extenso en el modelo de ciudadanía; ii) la presentación de algunas reflexiones relativas a criterios explicativos y pautas narrativas sobre el comportamiento del electorado uruguayo en el proceso finalizado; iii) la identificación de algunas peculiaridades y semejanzas del caso uruguayo en relación a la actualidad del panorama político en América latina; iv) el señalamiento de algunos retos importantes que deja el ciclo electoral culminado en la política uruguaya de cara a los años venideros.
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Romero, Juan. "Hogares del trabajo rural en Uruguay: 10 años construyendo capitalismo agrario." INTERdisciplina 9, no. 25 (September 1, 2021): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ceiich.24485705e.2021.25.79965.
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<span lang="ES-UY">Este artículo se plantea reflexionar acerca de las características del trabajo en los hogares rurales en los últimos 10 años en Uruguay. Analizando por clases sociales, género y generaciones las transformaciones socioproductivas acontecidas en la ruralidad uruguaya, ¿habrá sido por igual o se advierten desigualdades? El método y técnica de análisis aplicado ha sido cuantitativo, analizando las Encuestas Continuas de Hogares de los últimos 10 años en diferentes momentos del tiempo para observar su tendencia. Se considera dicho periodo dado que al principio del mismo fue de una importante tasa de crecimiento económico y al finalizar el mismo se estabiliza dicho crecimiento. Los resultados indican un conjunto de transformaciones en las condiciones socioproductivas de los diferentes grupos sociales que configuran el mercado de trabajo rural uruguayo en los últimos diez años. Cambios que consolidan la forma de producción capitalista de la ruralidad y su sociedad en el Uruguay contemporáneo.</span>
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Lopez Velasco, Sirio. "Ecomunitarismo, Reforma y Revolución en América Latina: Uruguay hoy." Revista Temas Sociológicos, no. 12 (January 23, 2017): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07194145.12.222.
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ResumenEn este trabajo, nos proponemos explicitar los conceptos de ecomunitarismo, poder y revolución, y analizar a partir de ellos la actuación de la izquierda uruguaya en su aproximación al gobierno y en el ejercicio del mismo desde 2005.Palabras clave: ecomunitarismo, política uruguaya, política latinoamericanaAbstractIn this paper we explain the concepts of ecommunitarism, power and revolution, and we analyzes the performance of the Uruguayan left on her approach to the government and her behavior on government since 2005.Key words: ecommunitarism, Uruguayan politics, Latin American politics
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Lopez Velasco, Sirio. "Ecomunitarismo, Reforma y Revolución en América Latina: Uruguay hoy." Revista Temas Sociológicos, no. 12 (January 23, 2017): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07196458.12.222.
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ResumenEn este trabajo, nos proponemos explicitar los conceptos de ecomunitarismo, poder y revolución, y analizar a partir de ellos la actuación de la izquierda uruguaya en su aproximación al gobierno y en el ejercicio del mismo desde 2005.Palabras clave: ecomunitarismo, política uruguaya, política latinoamericanaAbstractIn this paper we explain the concepts of ecommunitarism, power and revolution, and we analyzes the performance of the Uruguayan left on her approach to the government and her behavior on government since 2005.Key words: ecommunitarism, Uruguayan politics, Latin American politics
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Mex Ávila, Luis Fernando. "Caso “Gelman vs Uruguay”: una revisión bajo la idea de Razón Pública de John Rawls." Andamios, Revista de Investigación Social 17, no. 42 (March 4, 2020): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.29092/uacm.v17i42.739.
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Aquí se desarrollará una crítica a la resolución de la Corte IDH, referente al Caso Gelman vs Uruguay, desde la concepción de “razón pública” de John Rawls, así como su extensión al uso de este por parte de los Tribunales. Lo anterior pretende poner de manifiesto, las “tensiones democráticas” que se hacen presentes en esta sentencia si se le mira bajo una concepción de legitimidad. En este sentido, el texto examina la decisión de la Corte respecto a la Ley de Caducidad uruguaya puesto que, en ella, se termina por declarar inválida una norma que, a pesar de ser polémica, pareciera fungir como una manifestación del “Pueblo Uruguayo” legítima en términos democráticos y constitucionales.
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Topolansky Barbe, Federico, Magdalena Gonzalez Triay, and Cornelia Häufele. "The competitiveness of the Uruguayan rural tourism sector and its potential to attract German tourists." Competitiveness Review 26, no. 2 (March 21, 2016): 166–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr-06-2015-0050.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the competitiveness of the Uruguayan rural tourism sector against its main competitors from Argentina and Brazil, as perceived by Uruguayan stakeholders on the supply side. The paper will also evaluate the potential of Uruguay as a rural tourism destination in attracting German tourists. Design/methodology/approach – Two different questionnaires were administered, one to Uruguayan rural tourism stakeholders and another one to potential German tourists in Germany. Findings – The findings indicate that the main strengths of Uruguayan rural tourism offer, compared to Argentina and Brazil, are the hospitality and friendliness of local people, the natural and cultural attractions and the country’s security and safety. Main weaknesses identified were the poor management of several destination components that are key to create a successful tourism destination and poor management of the “demand conditions” component of Dwyer and Kim’s (2003) integrated model. Originality/value – There is very limited research done on the competitiveness of Uruguay as a rural tourist destination in attracting foreign tourists (Mackinnon et al., 2009). The objective of this study is to partially fill this gap by assessing how competitive Uruguayan rural tourism is and evaluating whether Uruguay represents an attractive market for German tourists looking for agro tourism and farm holiday destinations. The German market was chosen because it is one of the top tourist-generating countries and one of the biggest spenders in international tourism (The World Tourism organization, 2010). Moreover, most tourists – from outside South America – selecting Uruguay as a tourist destination come from Germany, USA and Australia (Peralta, 2012).
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REDO, DANIEL J., T. MITCHELL AIDE, MATTHEW L. CLARK, and MARÍA JOSÉ ANDRADE-NÚÑEZ. "Impacts of internal and external policies on land change in Uruguay, 2001–2009." Environmental Conservation 39, no. 2 (February 16, 2012): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892911000658.
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SUMMARYPolicies play a pivotal role in determining land change. Uruguay has been subject to first a rise and then decline in plantations of exotic trees as a result of internal Uruguayan government policies, and a recent substantial increase in soybean cultivation that may be attributed to Argentinean policies. To properly assess the relationship between land change and changes in land-use policies, vegetation change for Uruguay from 2001 to 2009 was mapped using MODIS imagery. Between 2001 and 2009, the area covered by exotic tree plantations declined by 1435 km2, and 34 681 km2 of herbaceous cover was converted to agricultural cover, mainly soybean cultivation. Uruguay and Argentina implemented land-use policy changes following the 2002 economic collapse. Rapid increase in exotic tree plantations, mainly in the 1990s, may have been stimulated by Uruguayan government incentives, while their recent decline coincides with the subsequent elimination of these incentives. The rapid increase in soybean production may be largely attributed to recent tax regimes in Argentina and lack of export tax in Uruguay combining to provide a favourable financial climate for Uruguayan soybean cultivation. Soybean cultivation is predicted to continue to expand in Uruguay, while exotic tree plantations should also increase in importance owing to the recent establishment of the world's largest pulp mill.
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Cabella, Wanda. "Dos décadas de transformaciones de la nupcialidad uruguaya. La convergencia hacia la segunda transición demográfica / Two Decades of Transformations of Uruguayan Marriage Patterns. The Convergence towards the Second Demographic Transition." Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos 24, no. 2 (May 1, 2009): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/edu.v24i2.1338.
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El objetivo de este artículo es presentar las principales tendencias de la nupcialidad uruguaya durante las últimas dos décadas. Si bien el trabajo se apoya en las grandes líneas explicativas de la segunda transición demográfica (STD) para interpretar la evolución de los distintos indicadores de la vida familiar, su carácter es básicamente descriptivo.Con un desfasaje temporal de aproximadamente dos décadas, la nupcialidad uruguaya experimentó transformaciones similares a las que se presentaron en los países desarrollados desde finales de los años sesenta. Entre mediados de la década de 1980 y los primeros años de 2000 la tasa de nupcialidad se redujo a la mitad, mientras que las uniones consensuales experimentaron un crecimiento de gran magnitud entre los jóvenes de todos los estratos educativos. En 1987 la proporción de personas de 20 a 24 años que estaba en unión consensual alcanzaba a poco menos de 20% del total de jóvenes que había iniciado su vida conyugal, en 2007 representaba más de 80%. Concomitantemente, el divorcio se duplicó y las uniones (legales y de hecho) empezaron a disolverse con duraciones cada vez más cortas. Por último, se registró un aplazamiento muy moderado de la edad de entrada en unión, que parece obedecer a la polarización social en los calendarios conyugales entre jóvenes de distintos niveles educativos.Es motivo de discusión si las transformaciones recientes ocurridas en la esfera de las relaciones familiares en Uruguay responden a un cambio en el patrón de valores similar al descrito para los países occidentales desarrollados. La discusión es pertinente en la medida en que la población uruguaya experimentó en los últimos años un marcado proceso de exclusión social y tanto las especificidades culturales como las políticas públicas desempeñan un papel relevante en las formas en que se manifiesta el cambio familiar. Sin embargo resulta difícil explicar la similitud de las tendencias de cambio familiar en Uruguay respecto a aquellos países, sin hacer referencia al patrón global de cambio familiar que encierra la segunda transición demográfica. AbstractThis article seeks to present the main trends in Uruguayan marriage rates over the past two decades. Although the study is based on the main explanatory lines of the second demographic transition (SDT) to interpret the evolution of the various indicators of family life, it is basically descriptive.Over a period of approximately two decades, Uruguayan marriage rates underwent similar transformations to those that occurred in developed countries in the late 1960s. Between the mid 1980s and the early years of 2000, marriage rates were halved whereas consensual unions increased sharply among young people of all levels of educational attainment. In 1987, the proportion of persons ages 20 to 24 living in consensual unions accounted for just under 20% of the total number of young people who had begun their conjugal lives whereas in 2007, it accounted for over 80%. Concomitantly, the divorce rate doubled and unions (both legal and de facto) began to dissolve within increasingly short periods of time. Lastly, a slight postponement was recorded in the age of entering unions, which appears to reflect the social polarization in the marital time-frames of young people with different levels of educational attainment.It is a matter of debate whether the recent transformations that occurred within the sphere of family relations in Uruguay reflect a change in the pattern of values similar to that described for developed western countries. And the discussion is relevant insofar as in recent years, the Uruguayan population has experienced a marked process of social exclusion while cultural specificities and public policies have played a key role in the ways family changes are expressed. However, it is difficult to explain the similarity in the trends in family changes in Uruguay regarding those countries without referring to the overall pattern of family change entailed by the second demographic transition.
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Sosa Cabrera, Álvaro. "Jóvenes, autoritarismo y “movida rock” en la transición uruguaya (1980-1989)." Pacha. Revista de Estudios Contemporáneos del Sur Global 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.46652/pacha/v1i1.2.
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Este trabajo propone una aproximación inicial a las características de la democracia posdictatorial uruguaya a la luz de las herencias del período de facto y las nuevas formas autoritarias que se configuraron, haciendo énfasis en el impacto que el autoritarismo posdictatorial tuvo en los jóvenes y la manera como estos canalizaron sus denuncias, articularon su resistencia y organizaron propuestas alternativas a través de un importante repertorio de acciones político-culturales, donde la música rock jugó un papel central. Metodológicamente se ha realizado un análisis de la bibliografía producida en el Uruguay sobre la temática, así como también de trabajos significativos a nivel regional, se ha trabajado además con el contenido de varias piezas musicales que conforman el repertorio de importantes grupos de rock uruguayo de la época.
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Ehrick, Christine. "Affectionate Mothers and the Colossal Machine: Feminism, Social Assistance and the State in Uruguay, 1910-1932." Americas 58, no. 1 (July 2001): 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2001.0070.
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In 1910, the Uruguayan Public Assistance Law established the concept of universal poor relief, declaring that “anyone … indigent or lacking resources has the right to free assistance at the expense of the state.” Nothing better than this law qualifies Uruguay for its distinction as the ‘first welfare state’ in Latin America. As in other countries, much of the first social assistance legislation targeted poor women and children and relied on elite women for much of its implementation. In the Uruguayan case, the primary intersections between public assistance and private philanthropy were the secular “ladies’ committees” (comités de damas), charitable organizations without direct ties to the Catholic Church. These organizations were also an important catalyst for liberal feminism in Uruguay, whose chronology—from the foundation of the National Women's Council in 1916 through the women's suffrage law of 1932—closely parallels the history of the early Uruguayan welfare state. Following a discussion of the formation of the National Public Assistance and its significance for class and gender politics in Uruguay, this article will summarize the evolving relationship between the Uruguayan social assistance bureaucracy and one of these groups, theSociedad“La Bonne Garde,” an organization that worked with young unmarried mothers. It then discusses how a formal and direct relationship with the state helped make the Bonne Garde and other groups like it a principal point of entry for many elite women in the early phases of Uruguayan liberal feminism. Finally, this article shows how processes set in motion in the 1910s resulted in a relative marginalization of elite women from both state welfare and organized liberal feminism in the 1920s. Through an examination of the history of these ladies’ committees, we gain new insight into both welfare state formation in its earliest Latin American example as well as some of the elements and circumstances which helped shape liberal feminism in Uruguay.
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Katz, Israel. "Revista Uruguaya De Psicoanálisis (Uruguayan Journal of Psychoanalysis)." Psychoanalytic Quarterly 84, no. 3 (July 2015): 819–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psaq.12035.
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Pérez Gómez, Ricardo. "fracaso de la Industrialización por Sustitución de Importaciones en Uruguay a mediados del siglo XX (1940-1960)." Americanía: Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos, no. 13 (July 7, 2021): 164–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.46661/americania.6085.
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Este ensayo revisa el fracaso de las políticas de industrialización por sustitución de importaciones (ISI) en Uruguay a mediados del siglo XX, desde un enfoque funcionalista y de análisis de la gestión de las medidas adoptadas por el gobierno uruguayo de la época. Primeramente, se presenta un resumen de las razones que motivaron en América Latina la adopción de las políticas ISI, tales como la repercusión de las dos guerras mundiales en su economía y el agotamiento del modelo económico de división internacional del trabajo. Se escoge a Uruguay por reunir condiciones muy favorables para el proyecto de cambio económico, tales como su alto desarrollo gubernamental, sus positivos indicadores económicos y sociales y el apoyo político de un poderoso liderazgo democrático. Para la obtención de los datos económicos se recurre a fuentes secundarias de información, tales como las ponencias de las jornadas anuales de investigación de la Asociación Uruguaya en Historia Económica, las series históricas que elabora periódicamente la Comisión Económica para América Latina (CEPAL) y los manuales de historia económica latinoamericana, entre otras. Los datos se analizan y discuten a la luz de interpretaciones de distintos investigadores sobre el proceso de la ISI.
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Rockenbach, Mathias F., Aline C. Velho, Amanda E. Gonçalves, Pedro E. Mondino, Sandra M. Alaniz, and Marciel J. Stadnik. "Genetic Structure of Colletotrichum fructicola Associated to Apple Bitter Rot and Glomerella Leaf Spot in Southern Brazil and Uruguay." Phytopathology® 106, no. 7 (July 2016): 774–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-09-15-0222-r.
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Colletotrichum fructicola is the main species causing apple bitter rot (ABR) and Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) in southern Brazil, and ABR in Uruguay where GLS remains unnoticed. Thus, this work aimed to determine the genetic structure of C. fructicola isolates of both the countries. A total of 28 out of 31 Brazilian isolates (90.3%) caused typical symptoms of GLS, while only 6 of 25 Uruguayan isolates (24.0%) originating from fruits were able to infect leaves, but causing atypical symptoms. Both populations showed similar levels of Nei’s gene diversity (h = 0.088 and 0.079, for Brazilian and Uruguayan populations, respectively), and Bayesian cluster analysis inferred two genetic clusters correlated with the geographical origin of isolates. A principal coordinates analysis scatter plot and an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean-based dendrogram also grouped Brazilian and Uruguayan isolates into two groups. By pairwise comparison of nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants with a proposed set of testers, all Uruguayan isolates were grouped into a unique vegetative compatibility group (namely VCG 1), while Brazilian isolates were grouped into four VCGs (VCG 1 to 4). Brazilian and Uruguayan populations of C. fructicola were found to be genetically distinct. Our results suggest that isolates of C. fructicola from Brazil capable of causing GLS and ABR arose independently of those from Uruguay. Possible causes leading to the evolutionary differences between populations are discussed.
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Gallardo, Javier. "Ciudadanía, política e identidad nacional en Uruguay: algunos bosquejos genealógicos = Citizenship, politics and National identity in Uruguay: some genealogical sketches." EUNOMÍA. Revista en Cultura de la Legalidad, no. 15 (October 1, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/eunomia.2018.4339.
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Resumen: Este artículo reconstruye algunos discursos fundacionales de una autocomprensión ciudadana de la identidad nacional en el Uruguay, relevando dos momentos representativos del ideario y el lenguaje político sobre la ciudadanía uruguaya y su ascendiente en las trayectorias políticas del país. Uno de ellos, identificado con el componente político de una ciudadanía monolítica o escindida de la sociedad, informado por un vacío identitario originario y por el imaginario de un autogobierno republicano. El otro, animado por diversos discursos que, a propósito de la integración política de los extranjeros, vendrán a privilegiar los atributos sociales o culturales de los ciudadanos y sus aptitudes para reproducir un orden político estable, dando así un nuevo giro estandarizado a las identidades ciudadanas. Si bien estas reconstrucciones genealógicas permiten apreciar las conexiones conceptuales de estos lenguajes con las teorías convencionales de la ciudadanía también dejan entrever algunos persistentes déficits en la autoidentificación pluralista y democrática de la política uruguaya.Palabras clave: Ciudadanía, república, nación, democracia, inmigración.Abstract: This paper reconstructs some of the foundational discourses of a citizen's self-understanding view of the national identity in Uruguay, revealing two representative moments of the set of ideas and the political language about the Uruguayan citizenship and its ascendancy in the political trajectories of the country. One of them, identified with the political component of a monolithic citizenship or rifted from society, informed by an original identity gap and by the imaginary of a republican self-government. The other, animated by various speeches that, regarding to the political integration of foreigners, will come to privilege the social or cultural attributes of citizens and their aptitudes to reproduce a stable political order, thus giving a new standardized turn to citizen identities. Although these genealogical reconstructions make it possible to appreciate the conceptual connections of these languages with the conventional theories of citizenship, they also reveal some persistent deficits in the pluralistic and democratic self-identification of Uruguayan politics.Keywords: Citizenship, republic, nation, democracy, immigration.
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Gallardo, Javier, and Camilo López Burian. "Entre el ciudadano republicano y el individuo liberal. El debate sobre el voto obligatorio en el nacimiento de la democracia uruguaya." Estudos Ibero-Americanos 46, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 32800. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-864x.2020.1.32800.
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A la luz del debate sobre el voto obligatorio en la Convención Nacional Constituyente de Uruguay de 1916-1917, este texto reconstruye el ascendiente de un ideario republicano en la política uruguaya, en contrapunto con distintas posiciones liberales. Sin mayores forzamientos semánticos o discursivos, el texto da cuenta de las conexiones existentes entre las posiciones a favor y en contra del voto obligatorio y los leguajes políticos republicanos y liberales que han venido animando gran parte de los debates convencionales sobre la cuestión ciudadana y su reciente reactivación. El artículo permite entrever también la atracción que ejerciera la política de ideas en los debates fundacionales de la democracia uruguaya, así como la relevancia normativa y política de los intercambios deliberativos sostenidos en dicha instancia constitucional***Entre o cidadão republicano e o indivíduo liberal: o debate sobre o voto obrigatório no nascimento da democracia uruguaia***A luz do debate sobre o voto obrigatório na Convenção Nacional Constituinte do Uruguai de 1916-1917, este texto reconstrói a ascendência de uma ideologia republicana na política uruguaia, em contraponto com diferentes posições liberais. Sem grandes pretensões semânticas ou discursivas, o texto dá conta das conexões existentes entre as posições a favor e contra o voto obrigatório e os legados políticos republicanos e liberais que têm encorajado muito dos debates convencionais sobre a questão do cidadão e sua recente reativação. O artigo também nos permite vislumbrar a atração que a política de idéias exerceu nos debates fundamentais da democracia uruguaia, bem como a relevância normativa e política das trocas deliberativas mantidas nesse corpo constitucional.Palavras chave: Republicanismo. Liberalismo. Cidadania. Voto. Uruguai.
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Behares, Luis Ernesto, Claudia Brovetto, and Leonardo Peluso Crespi. "Language Policies in Uruguay and Uruguayan Sign Language (LSU)." Sign Language Studies 12, no. 4 (2012): 519–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sls.2012.0008.
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Fried Amilivia, Gabriela. "Sealing and Unsealing Uruguay’s Transitional Politics of Oblivion." Latin American Perspectives 43, no. 6 (July 9, 2016): 103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x16658259.
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Three decades after state terror in Uruguay, counter memory making has endured in successive waves despite the official politics of oblivion, a transitional politics based on the denial of state abuses, absence of redress for victims, and impunity for perpetrators of the crimes of state terrorism. The Uruguayan case illustrates the impossibility of foreclosing memory through political engineering and the unsustainability of blanket impunity. It also highlights the long-term effects of ongoing social mobilization for memory and personal memorialization after social trauma and offers a sociocultural and intersubjective approach to the understanding of the generation of social memory after massive political violence.Tres décadas después del terrorismo de estado en el Uruguay, la construcción de la contramemoria ha resistido en oleadas sucesivas a pesar de una política oficial del olvido, una política de transición basada en la negación de los abusos del estado, la ausencia de reparaciones para las víctimas y la impunidad para los responsables de los crímenes del terrorismo de estado. El caso uruguayo ilustra la imposibilidad de impedir la construcción de la memoria por medio de la ingeniería política y la falta de viabilidad de una impunidad general. También pone de manifiesto los efectos a largo plazo de una continua movilización social por la memoria y la memorialización personal después del trauma social y ofrece un enfoque sociocultural e intersubjetivo para entender la generación de la memoria social después de periodos de enorme violencia política.
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Cajarville, C., J. D’Alessandro, C. Soto, A. Curbelo, D. Garín, and J. L. Repetto. "Ruminal N degradability of fresh, wilted and ensiled temperate forages." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200013314.
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Spring excess of temperate pastures are usually ensiled by Uruguayan farmers. The purpose of this work was to study changes in the ruminal N degradability during wilting and silage fermentation of farm forages in Uruguay.
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Carranza, A., AI Borthagaray, and GN Genzano. "Two new records of Pycnogonids on the Uruguayan coast." Brazilian Journal of Biology 67, no. 2 (May 2007): 373–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842007000200026.
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The Pycnogonida from Uruguayan waters are scarcely known, and their reports are markedly discontinuous. In this paper, several individuals of two previously unrecorded Pycnogonids at the shallow rocky subtidal and lower intertidal fringes of Cerro Verde (Rocha, Uruguay) are reported. The specimens were assigned to Pycnogonum pamphorum Marcus, 1940 and Anoplodactylus petiolatus (Kroyer, 1844). This is the first record of these species on the Uruguayan coast and the southernmost record of P. pamphorum, previously recorded only in Santos, Brazil (type locality).
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Crosbie, Eric, Particia Sosa, and Stanton A. Glantz. "Defending strong tobacco packaging and labelling regulations in Uruguay: transnational tobacco control network versus Philip Morris International." Tobacco Control 27, no. 2 (March 23, 2017): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-053690.
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ObjectiveDescribe the process of enacting and defending strong tobacco packaging and labelling regulations in Uruguay amid Philip Morris International’s (PMI) legal threats and challenges.MethodsTriangulated government legislation, news sources and interviews with policy-makers and health advocates in Uruguay.ResultsIn 2008 and 2009, the Uruguayan government enacted at the time the world’s largest pictorial health warning labels (80% of front and back of package) and prohibited different packaging or presentations for cigarettes sold under a given brand. PMI threatened to sue Uruguay in international courts if these policies were implemented. The Vazquez administration maintained the regulations, but a week prior to President Vazquez’s successor, President Mujica, took office on 1 March 2010 PMI announced its intention to file an investment arbitration dispute against Uruguay in the International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes. Initially, the Mujica administration announced it would weaken the regulations to avoid litigation. In response, local public health groups in Uruguay enlisted former President Vazquez and international health groups and served as brokers to develop a collaboration with the Mujica administration to defend the regulations. This united front between the Uruguayan government and the transnational tobacco control network paid off when Uruguay defeated PMI’s investment dispute in July 2016.ConclusionTo replicate Uruguay’s success, other countries need to recognise that strong political support, an actively engaged local civil society and financial and technical support are important factors in overcoming tobacco industry’s legal threats to defend strong public health regulations.
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Blánquez, Natalia, and Santiago Ferro. "Open Uruguay Round: strategy to overcome the challenges of frontier exploration." Journal of World Energy Law & Business 12, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 430–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jwelb/jwz028.
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Abstract Uruguayan geological basins imply a high exploratory risk and therefore present a frontier status. However, Latin America and West Africa are the regions in which exploratory activity has seen a remarkable increment, with major discoveries and significant investment in the last decade, and plenty of E&P opportunities nowadays. Within this context, The Uruguayan Government has recently approved a new bidding system for onshore and offshore areas, Open Uruguay Round, including very competitive features and contractual terms, after evaluating other countries’ petroleum fiscal regimes.
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Albarado, Juan Carlos. "Tabaré Etcheverry, un breve cantar." Letras de Hoje 53, no. 2 (July 30, 2018): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-7726.2018.2.29331.
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Parece entremezclarse, como lo anuncia en uno de sus textos, una cuestión de suerte en la popularidad, o no, de Tabaré ETCHEVERRY. Sobres fines de la década del 70, en el Uruguay, Etcheverry puede pensarse como una especie de bisagra en la cual se amalgaman dos períodos decisivos en la música uruguaya. Comienza a operarse un cambio significativo en la concepción de la canción que unirá a figuras tan disímiles como Los Olimareños, Leo Maslíah, Carlos Cresci e incluso un grupo que inició apuntando a un público infantil, Canciones para no dormir la siesta. El presente trabajo, fruto de una investigación en curso, pretende dar cuenta de aspectos biográficos de José Francisco Etcheverry Tort (1945-1978) y su vinculación con la canción en el Uruguay, su concepción estética, así como de cuestiones políticas que, entre otras cosas, fraguaron una cierta leyenda negra sobre este cantautor.***Tabaré Etcheverry, um breve cantar***Parece se misturar, como ele anuncia em um de seus textos, uma questão de sorte na popularidade, ou não, do cantor e compositor Tabaré ETCHEVERRY. O final dos anos 70, no Uruguai, atua como uma espécie de dobradiça em que dois períodos decisivos são amalgamados em nossa música. Começa a sofrer uma mudança significativa na concepção da música que, agora, vai unir figuras tão diferentes como: Los Olimareños, Leo Maslíah, Carlos Cresci e até mesmo um grupo que começou a atingir a audiência das crianças, Canções para não cochilar. O presente trabalho, fruto de uma pesquisa em curso, tenta dar conta dos aspectos biográficos de José Francisco Etcheverry Tort (1945-1978) e da sua conexão com a música no Uruguai, sua concepção estética, bem como questões políticas que, entre outras coisas, gerou uma certa lenda negra sobre esse cantor e compositor.
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Varshavsky, Arseny Y. "Institutional Foundations of Intraparty Coalitions in Presidential Systems: Case of Uruguay." RUDN Journal of Political Science 21, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 673–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2019-21-4-673-686.
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The article analyzes the institutional foundations of the emergence and functioning of the major party factions in Uruguay and their influence on maintaining the stability of the presidential regime. The Uruguayan parties are historically characterized by fragmentation and consist of many ideologically diverse movements, which allows us to view them as coalitions. The factions competing among themselves for the influence on the political agenda ultimately form the party’s common strategy. Coalition tendency within parties is largely determined by the peculiarities of the electoral system established in Uruguay. The elected president with a broad mandate, being a representative of his faction, must build coalition relations with other factions of his party, giving them various concessions in the executive branch. Based on the factors considered, the author concludes that the electoral characteristics of the Uruguayan political system create the necessity for coalitions among party factions, thus affecting the stability of presidential rule.
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Brugnoli, Ernesto, Juan Clemente, Lucía Boccardi, Ana Borthagaray, and Fabrizio Scarabino. "Golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) distribution in the main hydrographical basins of Uruguay: update and predictions." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 77, no. 2 (June 2005): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652005000200004.
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Limnoperna fortunei, an Asiatic rivers bivalve has become a worldwide problematic invasive species causing several water quality and macrofouling problems. In the Neotropical region it was first recorded in 1991 in the Río de la Plata coast, Buenos Aires province. Since this, it showed a quick upstream invasion into the principals aquatic systems of the Plata Basin. Nevertheless, there is not a study about its invasion and distribution process in aquatic systems of Uruguay. We describe the new records of Limnoperna fortunei in Uruguayan coast of Río de la Plata, Santa Lucía, Negro and Uruguay Rivers. With these results we aim to estimate its distributional limits for Uruguay main hydrographical basins. We also deal with the role of salinity as the main abiotic factor in limiting the east distribution of this mussel in Uruguayan coast of Río de la Plata and as a potential determinant of the "new" colonization on the Atlantic and the Merín Lagoon Basins. Its presence in the ecosystems not only can cause changes at the ecosystem level but also endanger the associated community, favoring the displacement and the disappearance of endemic species.
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Arias, Clara. "Las relaciones entre la AECID y Santillana en Uruguay: reflexiones desde el soft power (2000-2018)." methaodos revista de ciencias sociales 9, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17502/mrcs.v9i1.441.
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Santillana tiene un papel clave en la educación en Iberoamérica y está en relación con los mercados, los medios de comunicación, los agentes de cooperación y gobiernos de la región. Presente en veintiún países de Latinoamérica, la región constituye el principal mercado de la compañía. Existen elementos como lo es la cooperación española, a través de la diplomacia empresarial de la AECID (Agencia Española de Cooperación y Desarrollo), que ampara, facilita y refuerza la sinergia entre la compañía editorial y la región. Atendiendo a la figura de la mesa de Empresa y Desarrollo de la Cooperación, las medidas legislativas en Uruguay que regulan las exportaciones y entrada de capitales en este sector y en último lugar, a través de una relación de las licitaciones públicas en educación uruguayas destinadas a esta empresa, se quiere reconstruir las características del vértice formado por el Estado, el mercado y la sociedad a partir de la premisa de que la industria editorial uruguaya es un mercado desregulado que facilita la entrada de capitales como Santillana.
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Salgado, Vanina G., Mariana A. Grossi, H. Andrés González, and Diego G. Gutiérrez. "Praxelis clematidea (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae, Praxelinae) in Uruguay: first record of the genus and the species." Darwiniana, nueva serie 8, no. 2 (November 3, 2020): 479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14522/darwiniana.2020.82.912.
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During the revision of the southern South American species of Praxelis, populations of P. clematidea were found in northwestern Uruguay. In this study, we provide the first record of the genus and the species for the Uruguayan flora, along with taxonomic and morphological analyses based on herbarium specimens and field observations. In addition, uses of P. clematidea, its distribution and habitat, common names, an illustration and a key to differentiate the species of Praxelis of Uruguay and surrounding areas of Argentina and Brazil are presented.
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Berriel, Verónica, Patricia Barreto, and Carlos Perdomo. "Characterisation of Uruguayan Honeys by Multi-Elemental Analyses as a Basis to Assess Their Geographical Origin." Foods 8, no. 1 (January 11, 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8010024.
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In this work, we evaluated the possibility of predicting the geographic origin of Uruguayan honeys using discriminant analysis (DA) on mineral concentration. Although the DA results appeared to discriminate between honeys from the south, central and north, the subsequent cross-validation analysis did not confirm this result. We also compared honeys from Uruguay and the Buenos Aires province (Argentina) using DA on mineral composition data. In this case, a clear difference between these two origins was observed. It seems possible to differentiate between Uruguayan honeys and those produced in a neighbouring country based on multivariate statistical methods.
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Markarian, Vania. "To the Beat of “The Walrus”: Uruguayan Communists and Youth Culture in the Global Sixties." Americas 70, no. 3 (January 2014): 363–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003161500003965.
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In the 1960s, a generation of Latin American youth entered political life inspired by a heroic view of activism tiiat coincided, often contentiously, with the spread of new cultural trends from youth movements in Europe and the United States. This study focuses on how the notions of “being young” in circulation at the time affected the construction of political identities in Uruguay, particularly among the different branches of the Uruguayan left. I am especially interested in analyzing the relationship between the cultural representations of youth and the requirements for activism as conceived by these Uruguayan leftist groups.
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Brando, Oscar. "Reseñas bibliográficas." Dixit, no. 33 (December 10, 2020): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22235/d.v1i33.2380.
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Reseñas de los libros:
- Cultura y cinefilia. Historia del público de la Cinemateca Uruguaya, de Germán Silveira.
- La conquista del espacio. Cine silente uruguayo (1915-1932), de Georgina Torello
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Brando, Oscar. "Reseñas bibliográficas." Dixit, no. 33 (December 17, 2020): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22235/d33.2380.
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Reseñas de los libros:
- Cultura y cinefilia. Historia del público de la Cinemateca Uruguaya, de Germán Silveira.
- La conquista del espacio. Cine silente uruguayo (1915-1932), de Georgina Torello
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Kireeva, Irina. "Extra-regional aspects of Uruguay’s foreign policy (2010-2015." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, no. 4 (December 28, 2016): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2016-4-94-106.
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The article analyses extraregional aspects of Uruguay’s foreign policy during the presidency of José Mujica (2010-2015), namely the development of relations between Uruguay and the USA, the European Union, Russia and countries of Asia and Middle East such as China, India, Iran, Palestine and Israel. This aspect of Uruguayan foreign policy is particularly relevant amid the crisis in Mercosur, when Uruguay is trying to mitigate its adverse consequences for the country’s economy by expanding trade ties with the other countries, both within Latin America and beyond it. The relations between Uruguay and Latin American countries are touched upon in some investigations while Uruguay’s active foreign policy in other regions isn’t studied at all
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González, Andrés, Vinicius A. O. Dittrich, and Marcelo D. Arana. "Telmatoblechnum (Blechnaceae): a new genus for the Uruguayan flora." Darwiniana, nueva serie 8, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 525–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14522/darwiniana.2020.82.920.
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Telmatoblechnum, with the species Telmatoblechnum serrulatum (Blechnaceae), is recorded for the first time for the Uruguayan flora. The species, so far known from southern Brazil and Northeastern Argentina as its southernmost distribution limit, was collected for the first time in crevices between rocks of basalt and sandstone in a small hill in Uruguay (Rivera). Its morphological characteristics and the novel habitat for the species are included; photographs, a map with the location of the new record, as well as a key to the genera of Blechnaceae in Uruguay are provided.
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Juárez Pérez, Pilar. "Pensión de viudedad y convivencia more uxorio: parejas de hecho “de derecho” y parejas de hecho “de hecho” (STSJ de Castilla y León de 10 de diciembre de 2018) = Widow’s pension and cohabitation more uxorio: domestic partnership and registered partnership (decision of the higher Court of Castilla y León of December 10, 2018)." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2019.4986.
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Resumen: Se deniega la pensión de viudedad a una nacional uruguaya que había convivido con un compatriota como pareja de hecho durante veinticinco años y de cuya unión había nacido una hija. El motivo es la no inscripción de la pareja de hecho en el registro ad hoc, ni su formalización en escritura pública, conforme a lo exigido por el artículo 221 LGSS. Sobre la base del artículo 9.1 CC, la demandante alega su condición de extranjera para defender la aplicación de su ordenamiento de origen, que no establece dichos requisitos. El Tribunal rechaza el argumento, anteponiendo el carácter “ad solemnitatem” de las mencionadas exigencias, que las eleva a la categoría de requisitos constitutivos de la pareja de hecho. Precisamente sobre este carácter constitutivo se sustenta la distinción, a efectos de Seguridad Social, entre parejas de hecho “de derecho” y parejas de hecho “de hecho”.Palabras clave: pensión de viudedad, Derecho internacional privado, uniones/parejas de hecho, inscripción registral, documento notarial.Abstract: A Uruguayan national is denied the widow’s pension due to dead of her co-habiting partner, also Uruguayan. They have been living together during twenty five years, and they had daughter, who was born in Uruguay. The partnership was not registered neither was certified in a public deed, as required by the Spanish social security legislation in order to be entitled to a survivor’s pension. The applicant seeks the application of her national law, that doesn’t have these requirements. The Court rejects the request considering that these requirements have constitutive nature. This constitutive nature is used by the Spanish courts for distinguishing between unmarried partner formal and unmarried partner factual.Keywords: widow’s pension, private international law, unmarried couples/life partners, registration, notarial deed.
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López Gómez, Alejandra, and Elina Carril Berro. "Efectos del aborto clandestino en la subjetividad de las mujeres: resultados de una investigación cualitativa en Uruguay." Cuestiones de género: de la igualdad y la diferencia, no. 5 (December 15, 2010): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/cg.v0i5.3784.
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La dimensión subjetiva implicada en el proceso de aborto voluntario en contextos de ilegalidad y penalización ha sido escasamente explorada. Cuando un aborto se produce en la clandestinidad es, por definición, un aborto inseguro, independientemente de las condiciones sanitarias en el cual éste tenga lugar. El contexto de ilegalidad y penalización se transforma en un texto que determina la experiencia y sus resultados médicos, psicológicos, familiares, sociales y jurídicos. El estudio se realizó en base a un diseño cualitativo con entrevistas en profundidad a mujeres que abortaron clandestinamente en los últimos 15 años en Uruguay. Los hallazgos permitieron conocer los factores subjetivos asociados a las experiencias de aborto en un contexto, como el uruguayo, donde la práctica es tipificada como delito por la ley vigente en el país.<br /><br />The subjective dimension involved in the process of voluntary abortion in contexts of illegality and criminalization hasn't been studied in depth. A clandestine abortion is, by definition, an unsafe abortion, regardless of the sanitary conditions under which it takes place. The context of illegality and criminalization turns into a text that determines the experience and the medical, psychological, family, social and legal outcome. The study was carried out on the basis of a qualitative design with in-depth interviews to women who underwent clandestine abortions in the past 15 years in Uruguay. The findings allowed for the discovery of the subjective factors associated to abortion experiences in a context, such as the Uruguayan, where the practice is defined as a crime by the law in force.<br /><br />
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Pezzutti, Miguel. "Bases constitucionales del derecho administrativo uruguayo. / Constitutional bases of uruguayan administrative law." Revista Derecho Constitucional │Universidad Blas Pascal, no. 2 (September 13, 2021): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37767/2683-9016(2021)002.
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El artículo tiene por objetivo identificar los vínculos del Derecho Administrativo con el Derecho Constitucional en Uruguay, efectuando además algunas referencias comparativas con el Derecho Argentino. Enfoca en las raíces constitucionales de la Administración Pública en el Derecho Uruguayo basadas en la idea de centralidad de la persona humana. Analiza las fuentes del Derecho Administrativo reconocidas en el texto constitucional, así como importancia de los Principios Generales en la construcción de un sistema organizado y coherente. Con relación a la organización, se analiza la posición institucional del Poder Ejecutivo y las distintas formas de gestión administrativa, en particular las descentralizadas. Partiendo de los principios generales, se analiza la normativa relativa a la actividad administrativa y la importancia de los medios de defensa de las situaciones jurídicas de los particulares, así como las bases del servicio público.AbstractThe article aims to identify the links between Administrative Law and Constitutional Law in Uruguay, also making some comparative references with Argentine Law. It focuses on the constitutional roots of Public Administration in Uruguayan Law based on the idea of centrality of the human person. It analyzes the sources of Administrative Law recognized in the constitutional text, as well as the importance of the General Principles in the construction of an organized and coherent system. Regarding the organization, the institutional position of the Executive Branch and the diferent forms of administrative management, particularly decentralized ones, are analyzed. Starting from the general principles, the regulations relating to administrative activity and the importance of the means of defense of the legal situations of individuals are analyzed, as well as the bases of public service.
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Ravecca, Paulo. "Dictatorship, transition, and the forging of political science in Uruguay." Science in Context 33, no. 2 (June 2020): 171–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026988972000023x.
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ArgumentThe study examines the trajectory of Uruguayan Political Science (PS) from a critical theory perspective. Concretely, the article focuses on PS’ institutional birth and early period (1980s and 1990s) and shows how broader political and ideological transformations had a significant impact on its discourse on Uruguayan democracy. Three components of such discourse are unpacked: The embrace of liberalism, the rejection of Marxism, and the uncritical engagement with the local political system, particularly the ‘traditional parties.’ The argument is supported by a systematic analysis of the 163 articles published by Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Política (RUCP) from 1987 to 2012 and 22 in-depth interviews with scholars from the Instituto de Ciencia Política (ICP) at Universidad de la República (UdelaR).