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Journal articles on the topic 'USA-North Korea'
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1
Kyu, Nam Kwang. "The Moon Jae-in administration’s North Korea policy and Korea–US relations." Asian Education and Development Studies 8, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-12-2017-0131.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the North Korea policy pursued by the Moon Jae-in administration and discuss the possibility of a weakened alliance between South Korea and the USA. Design/methodology/approach This paper compares the North Korean policies and the ROK–US alliance under the Moon administration, analyzing the recent inter-Korean and North Korea–US summits, with a focus on the issues of denuclearization and establishing a peace regime. Findings This paper reveals that the approach taken by the Moon administration regarding North Korea is similar to that of North Korea and China, and that the ROK–US alliance is likely to weaken should there be any change concerning the North Korean nuclear issue. Originality/value Denuclearization takes place in accordance with the agreement between North Korea and the USA, there is a high likelihood of the ROK–US alliance weakening.
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Denisov, V. "Russia and Korean Peninsula in the New International Situation." Journal of International Analytics, no. 1 (March 28, 2015): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2015-0-1-39-48.
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Recent trends in international situation around Korean peninsula and the policy of main stateactors are being considered. The USA is trying to reinforce its military presence in South Korea. Seoul is seeking to revise its previous agreements with USA in the sphere of nuclear energy. Trilateral interaction (US-Japan-South Corea) on the problem of North Korean nuclear potential is strengthening. US policy towards North Korea is aimed at counteraction to reinforcement of Russian and Chinese influence in the region. At the same time the USA provides support to North-South dialogue while pressurizing North Korea on the issues of human rights and denuclearization.Pyongyang is concerned with military rapprochement between South Korea and USA and is trying to make North Korean nuclear program an object of bargaining for peaceful settlement on Korean peninsula. North-to-South relations should be regarded as military opposition in spite of constant appeals to peaceful reunification, development of economic and cultural ties etc. Current analysis reveals that both North and South Korea are still far from real progress in this respect.Chinese factor is essential though Beijing behavior is cautious. After Kim Rong Un rise to power political and economic relations between North and South weakened. Pyongyang is concerned with regular contacts between China and US on North Korea problems. Aggravation of international situation did not lead to decline in China-South Korea relations, though China is against deployment of missile-defence THAAD complexes. Chinese policy in Korea is aimed at sustaining of status-quo in the peninsula and barring collapse of the North Corea regime.Policy of Russia is invariably based on the principles formulated in 2001. Recently North Korea has revealed intentions to resume political dialogue with Russia, while South Korea is seemingly not interested in broader co-operation with Russia. Up to the author’s opinion it is necessary to promote six-sided negotiations process, avoid extremes in approaches to both Korean states, and oppose to US domination in the region.
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Denisov, Valeriy. "Prospects for North Korean Regime and the Interests of Russia." Journal of International Analytics, no. 1-2 (March 28, 2019): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2019-0-1-2-16-26.
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The paper deals with the dynamics of home and foreign policy of North Korea under Kim Jong-un leadership, especially in last several years. Analyzed are new trends in and prospects for the development of the situation on the Korean Peninsula in the context of North Korea transformation into a full-fledged nuclear state. The author considers the return to party-centered political system (instead of total militarization under Kim Jong-il) as well as cautious economic reforms including introduction of some market mechanisms and attempts aimed at formation of basics of innovative economics. Factors hampering the development of the country, in particular, various economic sanctions, are also discussed, as well as prospects for diplomatic dialogue of North Korea with countries on North-East Asia. Contact between the leaders of North Korea and the USA are touched upon. The problem of denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula is critically considered. In conclusion, possible directions of cooperation between Russia and North Korea are outlined.
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Kim, Jeehye, and Jiyoung Ko. "To condone, condemn, or ‘no comment’? Explaining a patron’s reaction to a client’s unilateral provocations." Journal of Peace Research 57, no. 3 (October 14, 2019): 452–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343319875202.
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What explains a patron’s decision to publicly condone, condemn, or forgo commenting on its client’s unilateral provocations? We present a new theoretical framework that identifies a patron’s two strategic considerations – maximizing its sphere of influence and avoiding entanglement – and factors that affect them. We claim that whenever a patron faces a great power rivalry or a vulnerable client, it is more likely to condone its client’s provocations in order to safeguard its sphere of influence. On the other hand, when the risk of escalation looms large, the patron is more likely to condemn its client’s provocations in order to avoid entanglement. Focusing on the Sino-North Korean patron–client relationship, we test our theory on an original dataset that tracks China’s official reactions to provocations initiated by North Korea. We find that China tends to condone North Korea’s provocations when the USA criticizes them, and refrains from condemning when North Korea is domestically fragile. We also find that China is more likely to condemn its client’s provocations in the period after North Korea became a nuclear state. In addition, we draw on examples from the USA–Pakistan and the USA–Israel patron–client relationships to illustrate our causal logic. This article offers new insights on how a patron manages its client’s unruly behavior, and provides the first large-N evidence on China’s responses to North Korean provocations from 1981 to 2016.
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Toloraya, G. D. "Russia and the Issues of the Korean Peninsula." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 4(37) (August 28, 2014): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-4-37-82-91.
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The importance of Korean Peninsula in Russian foreign strategy is based on the need to preserve peace and stability in the Russia's Far East "soft underbelly" and to be a part of international efforts to solve the Korean problem, as well as to promote regional economic cooperation. In 1990-s Russia's position on the peninsula weakened, mainly because of the rupture of ties with North Korea, while relations with South Korea were reactive in nature. Rebalancing relations with the two Koreas in 2000-s increased Russia's involvement into Korean settlement, including the 6- party format. Russia/s relations with North Korea are now based on good neighborhood principle, however, they are far from idyllic as Russia disapproves of Pyongyang's behavior, especially its nuclear and missile activities. However to influence the situation more Russia should deepen its ties with the current Pyongyang leadership regardless of how irritating its behavior might be. Relations with the ROK are aimed at becoming strategic, but in reality are limited due to ROK's alliance with the USA. However South Korea has become the third most important economic partner in Asia. Russia is especially interested in three- party projects, such as Trans-Korean railroad (linked to Transsiberan transit way), gas pipeline and electricity grid. However implementation of these project is negatively influenced by the tensions in Korean peninsula. It can be solved only by multilateral efforts for comprehensive solution combining security guarantees for North Korea and its abandonment of nuclear option.
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Denisov, V. "The Nuclear Problem of the Korean Peninsula: Is There a Way of Ending the Deadlock?" Journal of International Analytics, no. 1 (March 28, 2015): 182–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2015-0-1-182-193.
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The nuclear problem of the Korean peninsula remains unsolved, tensions continuing for the past five years. The mechanism of the Six-Party Talks in which Russia, China, the USA, Japan, North and South Korea took part, is inactive, while each party develops its own strategy to counteract the new nuclear program of North Korea. Such an approach stimulates further escalation in the region, because there is no mutual understanding of North Korea nuclear status. In addition there exist a number of contradictions between the members of Six-Party Talks, each of them trying to resolve North Korean issue pursuing their own interests. However, in the current situation a peaceful resolution of the problem is still possible. Moreover, it is the only reasonable solution.
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Hayat, Muhammad Umer, Asefa Khilji, and Farrukh Shehzad. "American Conduct towards North Korea: Realist Analysis of Clinton and Bush Administration." Global Political Review V, no. III (September 30, 2020): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(v-iii).07.
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North Korea tends to be a state of the 21st century that redefines realism in the contemporary era while concentrating on protecting its sovereignty by making self-help the primary concern. US-North Korea bilateral relations face fluctuations. North Korean intentions have progressed from the Realism thought, now willing to attain security maximization along with maximizing its power based on the notions of defensive and offensive realism. The supremacy of North Korea does not quench as the Nuclear might in Northeast Asia; it aims to attack mainland USA with its developed technology. The study concentrates on the Clinton and Bush administration as a special reference. Recognizing the North Korean nuclear program would be intolerable for the International Community as it goes against all norms set by the powerful states for the world.
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Syafiq Rizqullah, Muhammad Fawwaz, Luna Tristofa, and Devia Farida Ramadhanti. "Disaster Diplomacy of South Korea toward North Korea as Efforts to Create Peace in the Korean Peninsula (2017 – 2020)." Nation State: Journal of International Studies 4, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/nsjis.v4i1.359.
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This paper aims to analyze the reason why South Korea as a North Korea rival in the Koreanpeninsula willing to give aid toward North Korea. The tension in Korean peninsula has happened since a long time ago especially after the cold war between USA & USSR. The conflict event become worst because of North Korea always threatening South Korea by testing the Nuclear missile. Despite of what North Korea done in the region, South Korea still gave abundance of aid in term of health assistance, food, and others basis of human necessity. By using qualitative approach and collecting data from credible literature resource and using the concept of disaster diplomacy this research found that South Korea has special type in term of conflict resolution, South Korea often using soft diplomacy and negotiation in order to creating peace. South Korea also believe positive peace diplomacy should be implementing in order make better condition in Korean peninsula. This research also believe that the actor has a big impact in successfully to support better condition between both countries and strengthening the relation. Lastly, this paper proof if in order to win in some competition not always using hard diplomacy or military power.
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Ishaque, Waseem, and Mudassir Mukhtar. "Breaking the Stalemate: Re-engaging North Korea." Global Foreign Policies Review IV, no. IV (December 30, 2021): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gfpr.2021(iv-iv).03.
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The situation in the Korean Peninsula continues to remain tense and uncertain despite hectic diplomacy and peace overtures demonstrated by former President Donald Trump of the USA, President Moon Jae-in of South Korea, and the members of the six-party talks platform due to lack of coherent policy on how to engage North Korea. While the international community has displayed cautious optimism on the US-North Korea Summits, however, the change in US administration and overextended policy review by the new administration has created anxiety and stalemate. Chairman Kim Jong-un has once again resorted to brinkmanship and test-fired several missiles to draw the attention of President Joe Biden, who, after hasty withdrawal from Afghanistan, is still in the process of consolidation of his position and doesn’t appear to be in a hurry on North Korea. This article recapitulates the peace developments of the last three years, investigates the causes of its failure, and suggests a course of action to break the prevailing stalemate by engaging North Korea and advancing the peace process for enduring stability of the entire peninsula.
10
Gee, Alastair. "USA and North Korea work together on tuberculosis." Lancet 375, no. 9729 (May 2010): 1862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60857-4.
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Park, Chung Won. "The Method for Organizing the North East Asian Economic Cooperation Body." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 6 (December 31, 1991): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps06005.
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At the time that the era of the Cold War is vanishing and that the new world order is forming, we are realizing the need of the economic cooperation body. Particularly, because the importance of the north east Asia in the light of economy is increasing, we can organize the north east Asian economic cooperation with six nations. And in the course of organizing the plan, Korea should play an important role and it will cause South Korea and North Korea to release the opposition. It will form the new Pacific order among the USA, the USSR, and Japan and form the economic cooperation circle like E.C. Consequently, the north east Asian economic cooperation body will organize the field to the end of coprosperity and cosecurity in the north east Asia and the Korean peninsula.
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Kim, Jih-Un. "China’s quarter-century struggle with a nuclear North Korea with a focus on its strategic calculation." Asian Education and Development Studies 8, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-09-2018-0152.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe how China’s approach to a nuclear North Korea has changed and find key variables that explain the changes. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts the traditional qualitative method, referring to different types of reliable and authoritative Chinese and English scholars, books and articles. Findings Although China has accumulated distrust of North Korea and reprimanded the regime for its nuclear program, it has never ignored the strategic value or balance – especially vis-à-vis the USA – the neighboring country provides for it. And for that matter, it has been keen to prevent North Korea from bypassing it and getting closer to the USA. With this strategic calculation in mind, China has mostly made gestures in implementing the UN sanctions against North Korea, though not always. Originality/value This paper proves that China’s strategic calculation has been a constant key variable that explains its approach toward a nuclear North Korea since the inception of the issue in the early 1990s.
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Fenenko, A. "«Nuclear Alarms» at Korean Peninsula." World Economy and International Relations, no. 5 (2013): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2013-5-3-16.
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During the last twenty years Washington has used the “counter-proliferation strategy” in Korean Peninsula. The Americans demanded that North Korea eliminate its nuclear arsenals and plutonium production facilities under the watchful eye of the “five powers’ commission” or the IAEA. Pyongyang's recent military provocation may now raise the specter of the United States or even South Korea delivering non-nuclear strikes against its nuclear facilities. That would give the USA an opportunity to raise the question of whether certain regimes should be allowed to acquire nuclear weapons or even to develop nuclear fuel cycle capacity. The last crises demonstrated that under certain circumstances North Korea could also initiate a military conflict in East Asia.
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Hess, Ashley A. C. "Why Does North Korea Engage in Provocations?" Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs 5, no. 1 (March 23, 2018): 57–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2347797017749044.
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Given the increasing number and severity of North Korean provocations, this article quantitatively analyses the relationship between North Korean actions and different types of events and actions taken by the international community commonly described as ‘triggers’ for these provocations. A database of 257 possible trigger events and 88 North Korean provocations, covering the period from 1 January 2012 through 21 November 2016, was developed for investigation. Statistical analyses assessed correlations between specific types of trigger events and North Korean provocations writ large as well as the specific level of provocation. The article concludes that, despite media and academic assessments to the contrary, the notional trigger events explored in this article appear to be uncorrelated with either North Korea undertaking a provocation or its level of severity. The strongest finding supports the concept of provocation cycles, in which the clearest predictor of a North Korean provocation is simply whether or not another provocation has recently taken place. Yet, the article also finds that in these situations additional provocations may more likely be of a lower level, such as short-range missile tests or limited naval incursions. International leaders’ decisions should be informed by this apparent lack of significant correlation between provocations and events such as USA–South Korean military exercises, United Nations Security Council resolutions, or a high-level US visit to the region.
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Lee, Keon Hee, Jun Seong Jeong, Jeong Sun Park, Min Jee Kim, Na Ra Jeong, Su Yeon Jeong, Gwan Seok Lee, Wonhoon Lee, and Iksoo Kim. "Tracing the Invasion and Expansion Characteristics of the Flatid Planthopper, Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae), in Korea Using Mitochondrial DNA Sequences." Insects 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12010004.
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The flatid planthopper, Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae), which is an invasive species, is widespread in Korea. We sequenced a fragment of the COI from 536 individuals collected mainly in Korea and the European countries and combined these sequence data with the public data, totaling 830 individuals worldwide. The identification of one shared haplotype only between Korea and the USA, the presence of this haplotype only in the North-West region of Korea, and the highest haplotype diversity in this region suggested that the North-West region is another point of entry in addition to the South-East region, which is the presumed sole point of entry to Korea. Furthermore, it suggested that North-West entry involves the M. pruinosa originating from the USA. In an effort to find further variable regions in the mitochondrial genome, one region provided substantially increased variability compared to that of the fragment of COI. FST estimation, PCoA, and BAPS analysis, using the concatenated sequences of COI and the newly detected variable region to infer the expansion pattern in Korea, indicates that the main highway, running obliquely between the North-West and South-East regions, appears to be responsible for the current population genetic structure of M. pruinosa in Korea, facilitating gene flow through this highway traffic.
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Jun, Tae-Hwan, Andrew P. Michel, Jacob A. Wenger, Sung-Taeg Kang, and M. A. Rouf Mian. "Population genetic structure and genetic diversity of soybean aphid collections from the USA, South Korea, and Japan." Genome 56, no. 6 (June 2013): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2013-0027.
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Following its recent invasion of North America, the soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) has become the number one insect pest of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) in the north central states of the USA. A few studies have been conducted on the population genetic structure and genetic diversity of the soybean aphid and the source of its invasion in North America. Molecular markers, such as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are very useful in the evaluation of population structure and genetic diversity. We used 18 SSR markers to assess the genetic diversity of soybean aphid collections from the USA, South Korea, and Japan. The aphids were collected from two sites in the USA (Indiana and South Dakota), two sites in South Korea (Yeonggwang district and Cheonan city), and one site in Japan (Utsunomiya). The SSR markers were highly effective in differentiating among aphid collections from different countries. The level of differentiation within each population and among populations from the same country was limited, even in the case of the USA where the two collection sites were more than 1200 km apart.
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Abd-Alnabi, Noora, and Dr Manal Jasim Muhammad. "A Linguistic Study of Topicalisation in Selected USA Newspapers: North Korea Nuclear Weapon as a Case Study." International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 14, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 882–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v14i1.221103.
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This research focuses on surveying Topcalisation phenomenon in political texts, and investigating the utilizations of its types. It aims to inspect Topicalisation in construing various types of constructions in the texts of political discourse and display how this phenomenon can construe non-canonical and complex sentences' structures. To achieve these goals, Verma’s division (1976) of Topicalization types is adopted as a model of analysis. Additionally, Quirk et.al (1985) is adopted as a complementary modal. The data of the present study are 17 selected political editorials that are chosen in a random way from three of the most famous American newspapers: The Washington Post, The New York Times, and The Wall Street Journal. According to Verma’s division, Topicalisaion types are divided into four basic types: passivization, pseudo-cleft, Cleft, and Extraposition. The study hypothesized that: Topicalisation transforms the syntactic construction of simple sentences into complex one, still it is utilized in political editorials in order to grant prominence to specific sentences' items to grab the attention of readers and convince him or her in a specific point of view. Cleft, which offers a highly levels of flexibility by drawing two or more sentences from a simple ones, is utilized heavily in political editorials. From a syntactic perspective, topicalisation supplies diverse syntactic structures, which have rhetorical effective. From a semantic perspective, It clarifies and unambiguously expresses the desired meaning. Data analysis has displayed that Topicalisation provides editorialists with various syntactic constructions for various purposes, involving pique the reader's interest and try to persuade him in a particular view. It has shown that passivization has been the most dominant type used in political discourse. In addition, the analysis has shown that syntactic and semantic aspects of Topicalisation phenomenon produce sentences with effective constructions and unambiguous meaning. The study comes up with the conclusion that Topicalisation has various structures which can serve various purposes. For example, when New piece of information appears at the beginning of the sentence, passivization process can be utilized to reorganize the sentence in order to agree with Given-New principle via postponing it.
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Chuprii, Leonid, and Kan Den Sik. "Features of Solving Regional Conflicts in the Context of Current Challenges: Experience of Ukraine, Syria and Countries of the Korean Peninsula." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XIX (2018): 671–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2018-41.
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Today the global community more often faces new, unconventional forms of war and conflicts, which have become an integral part of international relations of the present time. In many parts of the world, the intergovernmental rivalry increases on regional and local levels, which predetermines the threat of emerging of a significant amount of violent conflicts, majority of which escalate in the armed opposition. This issue is especially acute for Ukraine, countries of the Korean Peninsula, Syria and others. Historical events certify that in the areas, where geopolitical interests of the large states clash, the peace and safety cannot be guaranteed. Such countries as Ukraine, Syria, North and South Korea suffer because interests of superpowers have clashed. The history of the development of the world system has shown that the reallocation of spheres of influence is inevitable, which is why small and weak states and especially those which are in conflict areas, such as Korea, Ukraine, Syria, should find a way to guarantee sovereignty and territorial integrity. For example, after the Korean War, South Korea has concluded an inter-allied treaty wıth the USA and today only limited contingent of the USA is located in territory of South Korea and negotiations on deployment of anti-missile complexes of the SAAD system are in progress. Moreover, South Korea is known to give today much attention to strengthening defensive capacity of the country. After the end of the war, North Korea has taken a different path and without regard to inter-allied agreements with the USSR and China took a course for expanding missile and nuclear weapons. Today, superpowers do not carry responsibility for weak countries’ security. This is proved by the challenges Ukraine experiences. It is known that Ukraine has voluntarily given up nuclear armament, as stated in the Budapest Memorandum, with the USA, Great Britain and Russia acting as guarantors. Yet, Russia has started aggression against Ukraine, annexed Crimea and continue to carry out military operations in Donbas. However, certain positive trends should also be noted. On April 27, 2018, a historic meeting between leaders of the DPRK and South Korea took place, which resulted into signing of the Panmunjom Declaration for Peace, Prosperity and Unification of the Korean Peninsula. Heads of the two states have agreed to sign by the end of the year a peace treaty that will put an end to the war between the countries. The author expresses hope that the progress in relations between the two countries will continue and they eventually become a united state. Keywords: regional conflicts, hybrid war, conflict areas, denuclearization, Korean Peninsula, Ukraine, Syria.
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Ullah, Aman, Waseem Ishaque, and Muhammad Usman Ullah. "UNITED STATES-NORTH KOREA RAPPROCHEMENT: AVERTING A NUCLEAR HOLOCAUST." Global Political Review 2, no. 1 (December 30, 2017): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(ii-i).09.
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The situation in the Korean Peninsula has generally remained uncertain since the time of the Korean war. President Trumps proverbs of fire and fury, Rocket Man and now a valuable partner are gradual transformations, which have been appreciated by the world at large, yet fragility and lack of trust among the key contenders North Korea (DPRK), USA and South Kora may lead to strategic miscalculation and undo the process of confidence-building. The efforts of Russia and China are commendable as these are contributing to a stable environment; however, the world is witnessing these developments with cautious optimism due to the impulsive nature of opposing leaders. On an optimistic note, Chairman Kim and President Trump want to move forward for a reasonable settlement. The leadership on both sides, the global players and regional organizations will have to work for hand in gloves for sustainable peace as failure is the worst option.
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Hearn, Eddie. "Leadership credibility and support for US foreign policy: Experimental evidence from Japan." Research & Politics 6, no. 3 (July 2019): 205316801985804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053168019858047.
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Does an internationally unpopular president reduce support for US foreign policy? This article examines how President Trump’s endorsement influences foreign policy preferences abroad. A nationally-representative survey experiment is conducted on Japanese attitudes concerning the government’s response to the recent North Korean missile launches. It is found that leadership credibility has a significant impact on the public. Japanese citizens are less likely to support an aggressive response to North Korea when it is endorsed by President Trump. The effect of leadership credibility, however, may not be entirely distinct from general anti-American sentiments. These results indicate that, even in high politics related to national security, Trump’s lack of credibility abroad hinders allies’ ability to cooperate with the USA by eroding domestic support, but it is difficult to separate the Trump effect from broader attitudes toward the USA.
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Park, Hee Sun, Doshik Yun, Ju Yeon Oh, and Chang-Ik Song. "Cross-Cultural Comparison of USA and South Korea in Estimated Rate of Organ Donation." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 43, no. 10 (November 19, 2015): 1585–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.10.1585.
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In this study, we examined cultural differences in estimation of both the percentage of people who would donate organs to others when they died and the percentage of people who would discuss their decision to donate organs with their parents. Participants were 79 undergraduates at a Midwestern university in the USA and 116 undergraduates at a university in Seoul, Republic of Korea. Results showed that the South Korean participants exhibited a greater false consensus effect in regard to discussion with parents about organ donation than did the group from North America. Among those not willing to donate organs, the underestimation of the South Koreans was greater than that the North Americans regarding the willingness of others to discuss donation with their parents. These findings imply that campaigns promoting organ donation may need to be targeted at correcting people's misperceptions about relative prevalence of organ-donation-related behaviors, thereby motivating people to sign up for organ donation, and encouraging discussion by donors with their parents.
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Grice, Francis. "The Improbability of Popular Rebellion in Kim Jong-un’s North Korea and Policy Alternatives for the USA." Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs 4, no. 3 (November 1, 2017): 263–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2347797017732227.
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The Trump administration has declared its determination to resolve the problems posed by North Korea, but a full-scale military intervention would impart a terrible human cost and could ignite a global war. One alternative that might meet the objectives of the USA would be the collapse of the North Korea regime through a domestic uprising. Claims that the regime is teetering on the brink of self-implosion have been made for decades; yet, there has been no popular rebellion to date and this article argues that the prospect of one occurring in the foreseeable future remains remote. Numerous factors exist in North Korea that ought, according to conventional theories of rebellion, to push the population to rebel, including public grievances, opportunities for private gain and regime vulnerability. These drivers are suppressed by the Kim Jong-un regime, however, through the use of isolation, propaganda, deterrence and prevention, which combine to make rebellion extremely improbable. Despite a major military invasion being impractical and the likelihood of a domestic uprising occurring being markedly low, a number of policy alternatives do exist for the Trump administration. Nevertheless, there are no easy answers with North Korea and each course of action possesses significant drawbacks and limitations.
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Lee, Ji-Seok, Hong-Sig Kim, and Tae-Young Hwang. "Variation in Protein and Isoflavone Contents of Collected Domestic and Foreign Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Germplasms in Korea." Agriculture 11, no. 8 (August 2, 2021): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11080735.
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This study was carried out to investigate the variations in protein and isoflavone contents of 300 soybean germplasms introduced from domestic and foreign countries and to compare their contents in terms of size, colour and country of origin. The protein content ranged from 28.7 g 100 g−1 to 44.5 g 100 g−1, with an average of 39.0 g 100 g−1. In a comparison of protein according to country of origin, the highest content was seen in soybeans from Korea (39.7 g 100 g−1), followed by North Korea (39.2 g 100 g−1), China (39.0 g 100 g−1), Japan (38.8 g 100 g−1), the USA (38.0 g 100 g−1) and Russia (37.2 g 100 g−1). The total isoflavone content ranged from 207.0 µg g−1 to 3561.8 µg g−1, with an average of 888.8 µg g−1. In the comparison of isoflavone content according to country, the highest average content was shown in soybeans from Japan (951.3 µg g−1), followed by the USA (918.7 µg g−1), Korea (902.2 µg g−1), North Korea (870.0 µg g−1) and Russia (710.6 µg g−1). Daidzein, glycitein and genistein isoflavone contents were positively correlated, while total isoflavone and protein showed a low negative correlation.
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Ayriyan, Radmila S., and Anastasia A. Komarova. "THE ROLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN RESOLVING THE FIRST NORTH KOREAN NUCLEAR CRISIS." IZVESTIYA VUZOV SEVERO-KAVKAZSKII REGION SOCIAL SCIENCE, no. 3 (211) (September 30, 2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2687-0770-2021-3-32-38.
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The article examines the relationship between the United States and the DPRK during the first North Korean nuclear crisis. It discusses the events leading up to the crisis and the behavior of both sides and international organizations before and during the crisis. The article draws up the role of South Korea during the escalation of the crisis, as well as influence of other countries interested in resolving the crisis. It analyzes the U.S.-North Korea relationship and the impact of the UN and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on the international situation at that time. In this aspect, the study of the Korean nuclear program and the role of the United States has not previously been carried out in Russian historiography. The discussion leads to the design and stages of the KEDO creation with attention to the documents on this international consortium. The situation demonstrates different visions on the USA foreign policy strategy chosen in relation to the DPRK nuclear problem in 1990s, namely the opinion of the United States diplomats working on relations with the DPRK, and American researchers in humanities and technology. The paper concludes with the reasons of the Framework Agreements’ failure that led to the crises.
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Davydov, O. "The North Korean Nuclear Issue after Administration Change in the White House: New Policy." World Economy and International Relations 66, no. 3 (2022): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2022-66-3-52-62.
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The article provides an analysis of the USA policy with regard to the DPRK under President Joe Biden administration. The issues related to transformation of American approaches are examined against the background of the President Trump failure to reach a Grand Bargain with Kim Chong Un on the nuclear problem. The peculiarity of the situation on the Korean Peninsula is that over the past quarter of century a variety of avenues and modalities have been explored and applied by the United States and other parties concerned to approach the resolution of nuclear problem. However, all of those attempts have proved to be unsuccessful so far. Although the Biden administration rolled out its North Korea policy review still in April 2021, the White House has yet to chart its clearly articulated strategy aimed at breaking the current crisis around nuclear issue. While distancing itself from the previous course for achieving final and comprehensive resolution of the nuclear problem, nowadays Washington is aiming at addressing more limited but practical goals related to ensuring the security concerns of both the United States and its Asian allies like Japan and South Korea. Particular attention is given to the new concepts of “arms control” and “risk management” in tackling nuclear issue which are gaining some popularity and have been broadly discussed by American academic community. The author argues that any move to accept directly or indirectly North Korea’s nuclear status and deal with it as nuclear power may have profound and negative impact on security situation on the Korean Peninsula and North East Asia as a whole. The only acceptable goal is to achieve nuclear disarmament of North Korea with proper verification measures although move forward towards that goal would require time and energy.
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Arbatov, A. "Is Transition to Multilateral Nuclear Disarmament Possible?" World Economy and International Relations, no. 3 (2013): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2013-3-13-18.
Full textAbstract:
The article treats political, military and strategic aspects of disarmament process, in particular the involvement of nations other than USA and Russia. The author briefly analyses the positions of the European nations (United Kingdom and France), China, India and Pakistan on the issue. Also, the article covers the approaches of the informal and non-recognized nuclear states (North Korea and Israel).
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"Anoplophora malasiaca. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, December (August 1, 1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp20066600596.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Anoplophora malasiaca (Thomson) Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Attacks Citrus and other trees. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Archipelago, Shikoku, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Taiwan, NORTH AMERICA, USA, Wisconsin.
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"Septoria albopunctata. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20133421486.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Septoria albopunctata Cooke. Ascomycota: Dothideomycetes: Capnodiales. Host: blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Korea Republic), North America (USA, California, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas and Virginia).
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"Southern tomato virus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.April (August 1, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20183138501.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Southern tomato virus. Amalgaviridae: Amalgavirus. Hosts: tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (France, Italy, Sicily, Spain, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain), Asia (Bangladesh, China, Xinjiang, Korea Republic), North America (Mexico, USA California, Florida, Mississippi, North Carolina).
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"Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 6) (August 1, 1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500020.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Spiekermann & Kotthoff) Davis et al. Bacteria Hosts: Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, European Russia, Siberia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, ASIA, China, Anhui, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Japan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Korea Republic, Nepal, Taiwan, Uzbekistan, AFRICA, Algeria, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, USA, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Maine, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington, Wisconsin, SOUTH AMERICA, Peru.
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"Grapevine red blotch-associated virus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20163365130.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Grapevine red blotch-associated virus. Host: grapes (Vitis vinifera). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Korea Republic) and North America (Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Idaho, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia and Washington).
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"Eppoaceria kuko. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, December (August 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20210038270.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Aceria kuko (Acari: Eriophyidae). Host: goji berry (Lycium chinense, L. barbarum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (China, Japan, Korea Republic, Taiwan), Europe (Bosnia-Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechia, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia), North America (USA, Florida).
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"Dryocosmus kuriphilus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (August 1, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20063140409.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu. Hymenoptera: Cynipidae. Hosts: Chestnut (Castanea spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Italy), Asia (China, Fujian, Guangdong, Hebei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Japan, Honshu, Kyushu, Korea Republic), and North America (USA, Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, Ohio, Tennessee).
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"Callidiellum rufipenne. [Distribution Map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (August 1, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20093167381.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Callidiellum rufipenne (Motschulsky). Coleoptera: Cerambycidae. Hosts: Cupressaceae and Pinaceae, including Chamaecyparis spp., Cryptomeria spp., Cupressus spp., Juniperus spp. and Thuja spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Italy (Mainland Italy), Russia (Far East)), Asia (China (Hebei), Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Archipelago, Shikoku) Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Taiwan), North America (Canada (British Columbia), USA (Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Washington)), Central America and Caribbean (Puerto Rico), South America (Argentina), Oceania (New Zealand).
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"Botryotinia squamosa. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 4) (August 1, 2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500164.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Botryotinia squamosa Vien.-Bourg. Fungi: Ascomycota: Leotiales Hosts: Allium spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Mainland France, Germany, Italy, Mainland Italy, Netherlands, Poland, UK, England and Wales, Scotland, ASIA, China, Hebei, Hong Kong, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, North Korea, Korea Republic, AFRICA, Mauritius, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Ontario, Quebec, USA, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, Texas, Wisconsin, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, New Caledonia, New Zealand.
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"Blueberry red ringspot virus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20123367482.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Blueberry red ringspot virus. Caulimoviridae: Soymovirus. Hosts: highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia), Asia (Japan and Korea Republic), North America (Arkansas, Connecticut, Georgia, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, and Texas, USA).
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"Erwinia rhapontici. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 4) (August 1, 1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20046500145.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Erwinia rhapontici (Millard) Burkholder. Hosts: Rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum), wheat (Triticum), Hyacinthus orientalis and Allium cepa bulbs, occasionally others. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, Iran, Israel, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Peninsular, Europe, Belgium, France, Italy, Sardinia, Netherlands, Poland, UK, England, Wales, Ukraine, North America, Canada, Alberta, USA, Oklahoma, North Dakota, ID.
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"Meloidogyne marylandi. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, October (November 17, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20210455188.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Meloidogyne marylandi Jepson and Golden. Chromodorea: Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae. Hosts: turfgrasses, including Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) and Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Israel, Japan, Kyushu, Korea Republic) and North America (Costa Rica, USA, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Maryland, Nevada, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah).
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"Heterodera glycines. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500802.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Heterodera glycines Ichinohe Nematoda: Tylenchida: Heteroderidae Hosts: Soyabean (Glycine max). Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Russian Far East, ASIA, China, Anhui, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jilin, Llaoning, NeiMenggu, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Indonesia, Java, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, North Korea, Korea Republic, AFRICA, Egypt, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Ontario, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Puerto Rico, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Goias, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Parana Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Paulo, Colombia, Ecuador.
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"Globodera tabacum. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500929.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Globodera tabacum (Lownsbery & Lownsbery) Skarbilovich Nematoda: Heteroderidae Hosts: Solanaceae, especially tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Bulgaria, France, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Spain, Yugoslavia (former), ASIA, China, Korea Republic, Pakistan, AFRICA, Madagascar, Morocco, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, Connecticut, Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Colombia.
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"Septoria glycines. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 3) (August 1, 1985). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20046500361.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Septoria glycines Hemmi. Hosts: soyabean (Glycine max). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Zimbabwe, Asia, China, Honan, Yunnan, Manchuria, India, Himachal Pradesh, Japan, Korea, Nepal, Taiwan, USSR, Europe, Germany, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, Ontario, USA, Arkansas, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Wisconsin, South America, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia.
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"Anoplophora glabripennis. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 1st revision) (August 1, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20083279222.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky). Coleoptera: Cerambycidae. Hosts: polyphagous on hardwoods. Main host in China: Populus spp. and Salix spp. Main hosts in North America: Acer spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, UK, England and Wales), Asia (China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Menggu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizhang, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Japan (Honshu), Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic), North America (Canada (British Columbia, Ontario), USA (California, Illinois, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Washington)).
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"Megacopta cribraria. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.December (August 1, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20153427320.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Megacopta cribraria (Fabricius). Hemiptera: Plataspidae. Hosts: soyabean (Glycine max) and other legumes, kudzu vine (Pueraria montana). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (China, Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hong Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Macau, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizhang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, India, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Indonesia, Java, Sumatra, Japan, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam), North America (USA, Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Colombia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia), Oceania (New Caledonia).
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"Broad bean wilt virus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (August 1, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20066500925.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Broad bean wilt virus Virus: Comoviridae: Fabavirus Hosts: Vicia faba, Pisum sativum, Tropaeolum majus, Petunia hybrida and many other herbaceous hosts. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, UK, Yugoslavia (former), ASIA, Bangladesh, China, Anhui, Hebei, Hubei, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Zhejiang, India, Maharashtra, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Jordan, North Korea, Korea Republic, Philippines, Singapore, Syria, Taiwan, Turkey, AFRICA, Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Tunisia, NORTH AMERICA, USA, Florida, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, South Carolina, Vermont, Wisconsin, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria.
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"Agrilus planipennis. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (August 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp20173184887.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire. Coleoptera: Buprestidae. Main hosts: Fraxinus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Russia, Central Russia, Russian Far East and Southern Russia), Asia (China, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shandong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Mongolia and Taiwan) and North America (Canada, Ontario, Quebec, USA, Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia and Wisconsin).
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"Strawberry pallidosis-associated virus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20193460913.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Strawberry pallidosis-associated virus. Closteroviridae: Crinivirus. Host: strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (China, Fujian, Henan, Korea Republic), Africa (Egypt), North America (Mexico, USA, California, Maryland, Oregon), South America (Peru), Oceania (Australia, Victoria).
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"Coniella granati. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20133421496.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Coniella granati (Sacc.) Petr. & Syd. Ascomycota: Sordariomycetes: Diaporthales. Main host: pomegranate (Punica granatum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Cyprus, Greece, Mainland Greece, Italy, Spain, Ukraine), Asia (India, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Rajasthan, Iran, Israel, Korea Republic, Pakistan, Turkey), Africa (Kenya), North America (USA, California, North Carolina), South America (Brazil).
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"Plantago asiatica mosaic virus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.April (August 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20173134799.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Plantago asiatica mosaic virus. Tymovirales: Alphaflexiviridae: Potexvirus. Hosts: Lilium spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Russia, Russian Far East and UK), Asia (China, Hebei, Japan, Korea Republic and Taiwan), North America (USA) and South America (Chile).
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"Agrilus planipennis. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (August 1, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20063140407.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire. Coleoptera: Buprestidae. Hosts: Chinese cork bark elm (Ulmus parvifolia var. corticara), Fraxinus spp., Japanese wingnut (Pterocarya rhoifolia) and Manchurian walnut (Juglans mandshurica). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Russia, Russian Far East), Asia (China, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Menggu [Nei Mongol], Shandong, Xinjiang, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Mongolia, Taiwan), and North America (Canada, Ontario, USA, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Ohio, Virginia).
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"Scolytus schevyrewi. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.December (August 1, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20093321026.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Scolytus schevyrevi Semenov. Coleoptera: Scolytidae. Hosts: elm (Ulmus spp.), Korshinsk pea shrub (Caragana korshinskii), oleaster (Elaeagnus spp.), plum (Prunus spp.), yali pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) and weeping willow (Salix babylonica). Information is given on geographical distribution in Europe (Eastern Siberia and Far East, Russia), Asia (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi and Xinjiang, China; Kazakhstan; Korea Democratic People's Republic; Korea Republic; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; and Uzbekistan) and North America (Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario and Saskatchewan, Canada, and Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington and Wyoming, USA).