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1
Guryanova, E. A., O. A. Tikhoplav, T. V. Chernova, and P. A. Deomidov. "CASE REPORT OF COMPLEX REHABILITATION OF PATIENT AFTER OPERATIVE TREATMENT ON THE SPINE IN CONDITIONS OF SANATORIUM WITH USE OF KINESOTHERAPY." Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation 1, no. 2 (June 15, 2019): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36425/2658-6843-19188.
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The clinical case of the patient after operational treatment of a backbone and a rehabilitation course in the conditions of a day hospital is described. For assessment of efficiency of the held events pain scales YOURS, Rivermead Motor Assessment Scale were used. The program of a rehabilitation for by classical techniques of treatment included reflexotherapy methods with pharmakopunktura, trainings on the system of "Ekzart", electrostimulation. The patient received 2 rehabilitation courses: in 3 and 5 months after operational treatment, as a result of the executed treatment, at the patient at control survey from the moment of the beginning of therapy reduction of a pain syndrome, increase in independent daily activity, increase in insistence, normalization of indicators of the mental status is noted. The first rehabilitation course allowed to adapt the patient to house conditions, and returned her a possibility of partial self-service. The second year of rehabilitation set the reached effect and allowed the patient to move independently out of the room that significantly increased her standard of living. On the term of 4 months after an operative measure on a backbone at the patient the pain syndrome and restriction of life activity remained. The held complex of rehabilitation actions after backbone operation significantly improved indicators of quality of life and functional independence of rather initial level that speaks about its efficiency in ensuring earlier social reintegration of the patient.
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Murashko, Vladislav V., Dmitry N. Kokushin, Sergei V. Vissarionov, Grigoriy A. Lein, Ivan V. Pavlov, and Ignatiy A. Redchenko. "The use of orthotics in a patient with congenital backbone deformation after surgical treatment." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 6, no. 4 (December 29, 2018): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors64103-109.
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Introduction. New questions of indications and methods of surgical treatment of children with congenital spinal deformity are covered in detail. However, straightening deformed segment of the spine and fixing with metal construction is not sufficient, and conditions for its retention and prevention of migration must be created. The expediency of the study is relevant because of lack of systematic review of the results of orthotic support as complex treatment of this group of patients, both in Russia and abroad. The problems faced by vertebral surgeons are the following: the tendency of deformation relapse as the child grows, tendency of deformation of unfixed (lower and upper) segments of the vertebral column.
Clinical case. For observation, we selected an 11-year-old patient. The diagnosis was congenital scoliosis on posterolateral hemivertebra Th4, dysplastic course of congenital spinal deformity. The surgical treatment performed was extirpation of hemivertebra Th4(S) and the correction of local congenital deformity with multicore corrective system in combination with bone grafting. We achieved complete correction of congenital local curve at the level of the posterior lateral hemivertebra and reduction of compensatory curves in the thoracic and lumbar spine. In the postoperative period, the patient was provided with corrective brace, with the aim of influencing on the compensatory curve.
Discussion. This clinical observation aimed to determine the different approaches to treatment of children with congenital deformities of the thoracic spine, which consists of surgical correction of local congenital curvature curve with subsequent correction of compensatory curves by using a correcting brace.
Conclusion. As a result of the surgical intervention, correction of congenital spinal deformity was achieved, and the use of a corrective brace in the postoperative period allowed the correction of compensatory curves and maintained the achieved result until the end of the patient’s growth.
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Renson, Ludovic, David A. W. Barton, and Simon A. Neild. "Experimental Tracking of Limit-Point Bifurcations and Backbone Curves Using Control-Based Continuation." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 27, no. 01 (January 2017): 1730002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127417300026.
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Control-based continuation (CBC) is a means of applying numerical continuation directly to a physical experiment for bifurcation analysis without the use of a mathematical model. CBC enables the detection and tracking of bifurcations directly, without the need for a post-processing stage as is often the case for more traditional experimental approaches. In this paper, we use CBC to directly locate limit-point bifurcations of a periodically forced oscillator and track them as forcing parameters are varied. Backbone curves, which capture the overall frequency-amplitude dependence of the system’s forced response, are also traced out directly. The proposed method is demonstrated on a single-degree-of-freedom mechanical system with a nonlinear stiffness characteristic. Results are presented for two configurations of the nonlinearity — one where it exhibits a hardening stiffness characteristic and one where it exhibits softening-hardening.
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Fadda, S., M. Fiori, and C. Matzuzzi. "Use of Global Positioning System in mine landscaping and visual impact assessment: A case study." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 34 (October 9, 2006): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v34i0.31887.
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The satellite-based Global Positioning System (GPS) needs a clear view of sky for determining a geodetic position and hence it is particularly suitable in overall projects of open-pit recovery and landscape restoration. The purpose of such measurements is to make highly accurate topographic maps thus forming the backbone of a project. In the work presented here geodetic measurements are combined with advanced visualisation techniques and GIS applications in a possible recovery plan of the abandoned excavations of Bonucoro in the mining district of Orani, central Sardinia, Italy. Considering the naturalistic and geographic settings of the mining area and its surroundings, a few proposals concerning the re-utilisation of these excavations are presented. The preparatory work consisted of the area characterisation by carrying out a topographic survey followed by a geodetic control network establishment by the GPS to describe the morphological features of the landscape and for the subsequent three-dimensional analysis and geoprocessing. The final step involved the use of VueInfinite, a computer program capable to integrate graphical data with geological and morphological attributes. It was also able to create a virtual 3D scene of a present, past, or future landscape required for visual impact assessment.
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Naumov, Alexey, Varvara Akimova, Daria Sidorova, and Mikhail Topnikov. "Agriculture and land use in the North of Russia: Case study of Karelia and Yakutia." Open Geosciences 12, no. 1 (November 27, 2020): 1497–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0210.
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AbstractDespite harsh climate, agriculture on the northern margins of Russia still remains the backbone of food security. Historically, in both regions studied in this article – the Republic of Karelia and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) – agricultural activities as dairy farming and even cropping were well adapted to local conditions including traditional activities such as horse breeding typical for Yakutia. Using three different sources of information – official statistics, expert interviews, and field observations – allowed us to draw a conclusion that there are both similarities and differences in agricultural development and land use of these two studied regions. The differences arise from agro-climate conditions, settlement history, specialization, and spatial pattern of economy. In both regions, farming is concentrated within the areas with most suitable natural conditions. Yet, even there, agricultural land use is shrinking, especially in Karelia. Both regions are prone to being affected by seasonality, but vary in the degree of its influence. Geographical location plays special role, and weaknesses caused by remoteness to some extent become advantage as in Yakutia. Proximity effect is controversial. In Karelia, impact of neighboring Finland is insignificant compared with the nearby second Russian city – Saint Petersburg.
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Olechno, Katarzyna, Anna Basa, and Katarzyna Winnicka. "“Success Depends on Your Backbone”—About the Use of Polymers as Essential Materials Forming Orodispersible Films." Materials 14, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 4872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14174872.
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Polymers constitute a group of materials having a wide-ranging impact on modern pharmaceutical technology. Polymeric components provide the foundation for the advancement of novel drug delivery platforms, inter alia orodispersible films. Orodispersible films are thin, polymeric scraps intended to dissolve quickly when put on the tongue, allowing them to be easily swallowed without the necessity of drinking water, thus eliminating the risk of choking, which is of great importance in the case of pediatric and geriatric patients. Polymers are essential excipients in designing orodispersible films, as they constitute the backbone of these drug dosage form. The type of polymer is of significant importance in obtaining the formulation of the desired quality. The polymers employed to produce orodispersible films must meet particular requirements due to their oral administration and have to provide adequate surface texture, film thickness, mechanical attributes, tensile and folding strength as well as relevant disintegration time and drug release to obtain the final product characterized by optimal pharmaceutical features. A variety of natural and synthetic polymers currently utilized in manufacturing of orodispersible films might be used alone or in a blend. The goal of the present manuscript was to present a review about polymers utilized in designing oral-dissolving films.
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Xiong, Chen, Xiangbin Deng, Yanmei Liang, Qiangsheng Li, Jin Huang, Xuchuan Lin, and Dawang Li. "Regional Seismic Damage Simulation of Corroded RC Frame Structures: A Case Study of Shenzhen City." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14 (July 14, 2020): 4818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10144818.
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Buildings in coastal cities are susceptible to chloride ion attack and the seismic performance of these buildings can be impaired due to corrosion of reinforcements. In this study, a regional seismic damage simulation method that considers the influence of corrosion-induced seismic performance degradation is proposed. Firstly, the framework of the method is introduced, and the simulation process is presented. Secondly, experimental data of corroded reinforced concrete (RC) components are collected to obtain the reduction rules of component level backbone curve parameters (i.e., initial stiffness, peak carrying capacity, peak displacement, and ultimate carrying capacity). Afterwards, pushover analyses of typical RC frames in different corrosion conditions (i.e., degree of corrosion of components and proportion of corroded components) are conducted to acquire the reduction rules of interstory backbone curve parameters of corroded RC frame structures. Finally, RC frame structures, in Shenzhen city, are simulated using different corrosion scenarios. Simulated results indicate that some buildings along the coastline are affected by airborne chloride-induced corrosion and severe seismic damage can be observed. Moreover, some buildings that are far from the coastline can also experience severe seismic damage due to irregular use of sea sand as constructional material. The proposed method can be used to simulate the seismic performance of corroded RC structures and the outcomes of this study are expected to provide a useful reference for the seismic risk management of coastal cities.
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Kato, Katsuhiko, Kazuhiro Shimamoto, Takeo Ishigaki, Rie Niimi, Tsuneo Ishiguchi, and Takeo Mimura. "An experimental teleradiology transmission system using a high-speed ATM backbone network." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2000): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/1357633001935149.
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We evaluated the performance of an experimental teleradiology system based on a high-speed ATM backbone network. Image acquisition, transmission and the disk-to-display processing times were measured. Computerized tomography CT scans printed on 14inch x 17inch (36cm x 43cm) films were digitized and transferred over the network. The average time for the entire process was 1 min 30 s. Three radiologists interpreted 20 cases. For CT image interpretation, the reading time for one case ranged from 2 to 12 min mean 6 min 46 s on a monitor, and from 1 to 3 min mean 1 min 31 s with the original film. The ATM backbone network operating at 156 Mbit/s provided sufficient speed for remote consultation. However, further improvements in the operability of the system, especially the image viewing station, are necessary before it will be satisfactory for clinical use.
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Shibli, Muslim Allawi, and Rafid Abdul Jalil Majid. "Using Cause and Effect Analysis to Improve the Quality of University Education: A Case Study." International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 14, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 916–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v14i1.221106.
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Higher education forms the backbone of any country's economic performance and sustainable development, university institutions in Iraq tried to adopt university quality improvement systems at the forefront of these systems is the international standard (ISO9001) with its various versions, and quality assurance system in higher education according the standards of the of association of Arab Universities, and Iraqi standards, However, the picture was not completed due to the circumstances that faced the development movement for higher education in Iraq, Therefore, it has become necessary for research and studies to be directed towards activating methods of improving university quality, and searching for the most important tools that contribute to implementing this improvement successfully,, That improving the performance of university education in general depends on the level of performance of the comprehensive university educational process, and Good selection and use of tools to improve their quality, On this basis, the main objective of the research was (improving the performance of the comprehensive university educational process in Iraqi colleges using: cause-and-effect analysis technique), Whereas private colleges (the private sector) are more in need of such improvement, so a sample of private colleges in Basra is chosen as an area of study, For this reason, a sample of private colleges in Basra was chosen as a field of study, the research problem was summarized by bellow question: (to what extent can cause and effect analysis be used to determine the fundamental causes affecting the overall university educational process, and improve its performance in private colleges? Whereas the sample of the study is one college (Alknooz university college), So use the deductive approach which depend on (Analysis, discussion and logical reasoning) in its theoretical aspect), and the case study approach in the field study side, The literature of the university educational process was used to collect theoretical information, And developed a special checklist to collect field data related to the evaluation of the causes of the problem, the research reached a set of results, the most important of which is to identify the most fundamental reasons for the problem of improving the educational process in all private colleges in Basra.
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De Maeyer, Filip, Bruno Lapauw, Anne Hoorens, Anja Geerts, Hans Van Vlierberghe, and Xavier Verhelst. "Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency after Treatment with Budesonide for Autoimmune Hepatitis." Case Reports in Gastroenterology 12, no. 3 (October 2, 2018): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000492204.
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Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare cause of chronic liver disease. The backbone of treatment is immunosuppressive medication, typically prednisolone as induction therapy and azathioprine as a maintenance therapy. Side effects of the long-term use of systemic corticosteroids are well known and have led to the use of alternative induction regimens. An attractive alternative is budesonide, a nonhalogenated glucocorticosteroid characterized by a high first-pass effect in the liver (90%), resulting in a high topical anti-inflammatory activity and a low systemic activity. It should be stressed that budesonide is contraindicated in patients with established cirrhosis with portal hypertension and portocaval shunting. In this case report, we present the first case of adrenal insufficiency following treatment with budesonide for AIH.
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Svejvig, Per, and Ann-Dorte Fladkjær Nielsen. "Leading by Metaphors –A Case Study of a Mega IT Project in a Danish Bank." Journal of Organizational Knowledge Communication 1, no. 1 (October 15, 2014): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/jookc.v1i1.18284.
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<p><em>Contrary to the existing literature and studies of large-scale IT projects, empirical data from a mega IT project in mid-sized Danish Bank, Jyske Bank, demonstrates a successful implementation of a highly complex IT platform transition. Linguistic representations and especially extensive use of metaphors by executive management to form and shape the megaproject appeared to have significant impact on guidance of individual and collective action, and thereby presumably one of the important factors for the successful implementation. To learn from this case study, we investigate the metaphorical use in the megaproject and discuss how leading by metaphors are enacted. Our findings are that (1) metaphorical storytelling can act as backbone for communication, (2) metaphors can set direction for technical capabilities, and finally (3) metaphors can be used to emphasize emotional intelligence.</em></p>
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Huang, Wei, Jonathan Toma, Signe Fransen, Eric Stawiski, Jacqueline D. Reeves, Jeannette M. Whitcomb, Neil Parkin, and Christos J. Petropoulos. "Coreceptor Tropism Can Be Influenced by Amino Acid Substitutions in the gp41 Transmembrane Subunit of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Protein." Journal of Virology 82, no. 11 (March 19, 2008): 5584–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02676-07.
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ABSTRACT Many studies have demonstrated that the third variable region (V3) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope protein (Env) is a major determinant of coreceptor tropism. Other regions in the surface gp120 subunit of Env can modulate coreceptor tropism in a manner that is not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the effect of env determinants outside of V3 on coreceptor usage through the analysis of (i) patient-derived env clones that differ in coreceptor tropism, (ii) chimeric env sequences, and (iii) site-directed mutants. The introduction of distinct V3 sequences from CXCR4-using clones into an R5-tropic env backbone conferred the inefficient use of CXCR4 in some but not all cases. Conversely, in many cases, X4- and dual-tropic env backbones containing the V3 sequences of R5-tropic clones retained the ability to use CXCR4, suggesting that sequences outside of the V3 regions of these CXCR4-using clones were responsible for CXCR4 use. The determinants of CXCR4 use in a set of dual-tropic env sequences with V3 sequences identical to those of R5-tropic clones mapped to the gp41 transmembrane (TM) subunit. In one case, a single-amino-acid substitution in the fusion peptide of TM was able to confer CXCR4 use; however, TM substitutions associated with CXCR4 use varied among different env sequences. These results demonstrate that sequences in TM can modulate coreceptor specificity and that env sequences other than that of V3 may facilitate efficient CXCR4-mediated entry. We hypothesize that the latter plays an important role in the transition from CCR5 to CXCR4 coreceptor use.
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Velibeyoğlu, Koray, Hamidreza Yazdani, and Alper Baba. "Groundwater in local development strategies: case of Izmir." Water Supply 18, no. 4 (October 9, 2017): 1339–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2017.199.
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Abstract This study takes into account groundwater in local development strategies of Izmir, in which rapid and uneven development has occurred in recent decades. Therefore, resilience thinking is needed in the future development of the city-region. To this end, the paper aims to make an analysis of recently completed asset-based local development strategies for Izmir city towards water resiliency. The methodology has two main steps. Firstly, by using spatial interaction analysis of peninsula and river basins, potential vulnerabilities and risks are indicated. Secondly, a stratified model of strategy evaluation is conducted by scrutinizing the existing layered approaches. Then, these models were applied to all strategic decisions including water resources and indicated a high level of consistency to achieve sustainable and resilient use of blue-green infrastructure in the future of Izmir's metropolitan area. Local assets, including water resources, are the backbone of future development of the Izmir city-region. Therefore, usage of local assets in a multi-level perspective of strategy development needs to be understood. The stratified model denotes that special emphasis should be given to different river basins in different levels. This study illustrates that synergy management is needed between different layers of local development strategies, in which the role of urban and rural households is of the utmost importance.
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Duarte, Bernardo, Eduardo Feijão, Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho, Irina A. Duarte, Ana Patrícia Marques, Marisa Maia, Jasmine Hertzog, et al. "Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Antidepressant Effects in a Marine Photosynthetic Organism: The Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum as a Case Study." Biology 11, no. 12 (December 6, 2022): 1770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11121770.
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The increased use of antidepressants, along with their increased occurrence in aquatic environments, is of concern for marine organisms. Although these pharmaceutical compounds have been shown to negatively affect marine diatoms, their mode of action in these non-target, single-cell phototrophic organisms is yet unknown. Using a Fourier-transform ion cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR-MS) we evaluated the effects of fluoxetine in the metabolomics of the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, as well as the potential use of the identified metabolites as exposure biomarkers. Diatom growth was severely impaired after fluoxetine exposure, particularly in the highest dose tested, along with a down-regulation of photosynthetic and carbohydrate metabolisms. Notably, several mechanisms that are normally down-regulated by fluoxetine in mammal organisms were also down-regulated in diatoms (e.g., glycerolipid metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signalling pathway, vitamin metabolism, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis and serotonin remobilization metabolism). Additionally, the present work also identified a set of potential biomarkers of fluoxetine exposure that were up-regulated with increasing fluoxetine exposure concentration and are of high metabolic significance following the disclosed mode of action, reinforcing the use of metabolomics approaches in ecotoxicology.
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Charlier, Maximilien, Remous-Aris Koutsiamanis, and Bruno Quoitin. "Scheduling UWB Ranging and Backbone Communications in a Pure Wireless Indoor Positioning System." IoT 3, no. 1 (March 2, 2022): 219–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iot3010013.
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In this paper, we present and evaluate an ultra-wideband (UWB) indoor processing architecture that allows the performing of simultaneous localizations of mobile tags. This architecture relies on a network of low-power fixed anchors that provide forward-ranging measurements to a localization engine responsible for performing trilateration. The communications within this network are orchestrated by UWB-TSCH, an adaptation to the ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless technology of the time-slotted channel-hopping (TSCH) mode of IEEE 802.15.4. As a result of global synchronization, the architecture allows deterministic channel access and low power consumption. Moreover, it makes it possible to communicate concurrently over multiple frequency channels or using orthogonal preamble codes. To schedule communications in such a network, we designed a dedicated centralized scheduler inspired from the traffic aware scheduling algorithm (TASA). By organizing the anchors in multiple cells, the scheduler is able to perform simultaneous localizations and transmissions as long as the corresponding anchors are sufficiently far away to not interfere with each other. In our indoor positioning system (IPS), this is combined with dynamic registration of mobile tags to anchors, easing mobility, as no rescheduling is required. This approach makes our ultra-wideband (UWB) indoor positioning system (IPS) more scalable and reduces deployment costs since it does not require separate networks to perform ranging measurements and to forward them to the localization engine. We further improved our scheduling algorithm with support for multiple sinks and in-network data aggregation. We show, through simulations over large networks containing hundreds of cells, that high positioning rates can be achieved. Notably, we were able to fully schedule a 400-cell/400-tag network in less than 11 s in the worst case, and to create compact schedules which were up to 11 times shorter than otherwise with the use of aggregation, while also bounding queue sizes on anchors to support realistic use situations.
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Kuikka, Vesa, and Heikki Rantanen. "Resilience of Multi-Layer Communication Networks." Sensors 23, no. 1 (December 22, 2022): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010086.
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Advances in the future communication technologies and capabilities of new services in heterogeneous network systems have increased the need for modelling and analysing various aspects of both the resilience of networked systems and usability from the user’s point of view. We extend the traditional network reliability theory to cover a wider scope of quality requirements and applications. The proposed method can be used to model the resilience of different structured networks, and the quality of information services. We use the term resilience to cover both the technical and quality-of-service aspects of user requirements. The modelling method is demonstrated with a use case of a multilayer communication network system. However, the method can be used to model any kind of technological network, such as wireless, sensor, and backbone networks.
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Braun, Dominique L., Thomas Scheier, Ulrich Ledermann, Markus Flepp, Karin J. Metzner, Jürg Böni, and Huldrych F. Günthard. "Emergence of Resistance to Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors during Dolutegravir Containing Triple-Therapy in a Treatment-Experienced Patient with Pre-Existing M184V/I Mutation." Viruses 12, no. 11 (November 19, 2020): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12111330.
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With the current widespread use of dolutegravir in low-income countries, the understanding of the impact of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI-) associated mutations on the efficacy of dolutegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) is of utmost importance. We describe a rare case of a patient with pre-existing M184V/I mutation and virological failure on a dolutegravir/lamivudine/abacavir regimen with the emergence of integrase strand transfer inhibitor resistance mutations. Additional risk factors, which may have triggered the virological failure, included suboptimal adherence and low nadir CD4+ cell count. This case illustrates that dolutegravir-containing triple-therapy should be prescribed with caution to patients with pre-existing M184V/I mutation and poor efficacy of the reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone. In addition, this case highlights the need for viral load monitoring in patients on dolutegravir-containing regimens in settings with a high prevalence of the M184V/I mutation such as in low-income countries.
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Singh, Manjeet. "Improve IT Business Process Performance Using AI and Deep Learning." Research in Economics and Management 5, no. 2 (May 22, 2020): p57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/rem.v5n2p57.
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Perfection is an ambitious goal. However, it’s right to say that in-Service Management we aspire to do the best we possibly can. We improve our performance through practice, but for real acceleration, we need to take a fresh approach. “IT is the backbone of the modern enterprise”—if this is the case and we demand a consistently high level of performance from our IT staff now is the time to think about how best to achieve this. With the use of AI powered autonomous micro-learning coupled with machine learning, employees can now be evaluated and coached by providing instance learning and feedback in real time so as to improve process performance.
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Amutenya, Tulimegameno. "Exploring the use of earth observation and data science for agricultural statistics to complement the census dataset: Case study for Namibia Statistics Agency." Statistical Journal of the IAOS 36 (December 25, 2020): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sji-200701.
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Agriculture is the backbone of human life, it enables for food security, health and economy. Yet, many countries in Africa suffer from poor accessibility to agriculture data which is crucial for policy makers and farmers. Half of Namibia’s population depend on agricultural activities, for as their main income source, much of which is undertaken on smallholdings. Therefore, compiling statistics around agricultural outputs is of primary concern to many national statistics agencies Unfortunately, challenges to account for agriculture crop production statistics include low frequency of data collection, lengthy data processing periods, and the lack of timely output which can be linked to policies and decision making. This paper explores the use of satellite imagery and data science techniques in a statistics agency to complement the agriculture census. The paper assessed Google Earth Engine for image processing and extracted a range of indices (NDVI, SAVI, MSAVI and GLCM and Tasseled Cap Index based) in order to identify smallholder farmers’ plots and estimate the field area in a rural village in Namibia. Although groundtruth data was not available at the time of this issue, the findings showed a promising starting point for a scaled project.
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Tigari, Harish, and M. G. Gaganadeepa. "Regional Rural Banks and Rural Development: A Case of Pragathi Krishna Gramin Bank." Shanlax International Journal of Economics 7, no. 2 (March 15, 2019): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v7i2.315.
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The rural banking is one of the important roles in rural development of our country, and the village economy is the backbone of the Indian economy. Without the development of the rural economy, the objective of economic planning cannot be achieved. Hence the Regional rural banks (RRBs) are plays a vital role in the rural development for the economy in India. The RRBs were established on October 2, 1975, with the main objective of a provisional credit to rural people who are not economically strong enough, especially the small farmers, artisans, agricultural laborers, and even small entrepreneurs. The present study is a modest attempt to rural credit structure and the role played by RRBs in the development of rural economy. The present research paper is designed in nature and makes use of secondary data. The relevant secondary data have been collected mainly through the articles, journals, books, and websites have been referred. This paper is to examine the rural credit structure in RRBs of Pragathi Krishna Gramin Bank. And this study is focused only on the specific area like loans and advances made by the RRBs for three years period of 2015-16 to the year 2017-18.
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Harmat, Zita, Dániel Dudola, and Zoltán Gáspári. "DIPEND: An Open-Source Pipeline to Generate Ensembles of Disordered Segments Using Neighbor-Dependent Backbone Preferences." Biomolecules 11, no. 10 (October 12, 2021): 1505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11101505.
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Ensemble-based structural modeling of flexible protein segments such as intrinsically disordered regions is a complex task often solved by selection of conformers from an initial pool based on their conformity to experimental data. However, the properties of the conformational pool are crucial, as the sampling of the conformational space should be sufficient and, in the optimal case, relatively uniform. In other words, the ideal sampling is both efficient and exhaustive. To achieve this, specialized tools are usually necessary, which might not be maintained in the long term, available on all platforms or flexible enough to be tweaked to individual needs. Here, we present an open-source and extendable pipeline to generate initial protein structure pools for use with selection-based tools to obtain ensemble models of flexible protein segments. Our method is implemented in Python and uses ChimeraX, Scwrl4, Gromacs and neighbor-dependent backbone distributions compiled and published previously by the Dunbrack lab. All these tools and data are publicly available and maintained. Our basic premise is that by using residue-specific, neighbor-dependent Ramachandran distributions, we can enhance the efficient exploration of the relevant region of the conformational space. We have also provided a straightforward way to bias the sampling towards specific conformations for selected residues by combining different conformational distributions. This allows the consideration of a priori known conformational preferences such as in the case of preformed structural elements. The open-source and modular nature of the pipeline allows easy adaptation for specific problems. We tested the pipeline on an intrinsically disordered segment of the protein Cd3ϵ and also a single-alpha helical (SAH) region by generating conformational pools and selecting ensembles matching experimental data using the CoNSEnsX+ server.
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Abrishambaf, Omid, Pedro Faria, Zita Vale, and Juan M. Corchado. "Energy Scheduling Using Decision Trees and Emulation: Agriculture Irrigation with Run-of-the-River Hydroelectricity and a PV Case Study." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 20, 2019): 3987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203987.
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Agriculture is the very backbone of every country. Unfortunately, agricultural sustainability is threatened by the lack of energy-efficient solutions. The threat becomes more evident with the constantly growing world population. The research community must, therefore, focus on resolving the problem of high energy consumption. This paper proposes a model of energy scheduling in agricultural contexts. Greater energy efficiency is achieved by means of PV (photovoltaics) and hydropower, as demonstrated in the conducted case study. The developed model is intended for contexts where the farm is located near a river, so the farmer can use the flowing water to produce energy. Moreover, the model has been emulated using a variety of state-of-the-art laboratory devices. Optimal energy scheduling is performed via a decision tree approach, optimizing the use of energy resources and reducing electricity costs. Finally, a realistic scenario is presented to show the technical features and the practical behaviors of each emulator when adapting the results of the decision tree. The research outcomes demonstrate the importance of the technical validation of each model. In addition, the results of the emulation reveal practical issues that had not been discovered during the theoretical study or during the simulation.
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Karbowniczek, Jolanta, and Dorota Zdybel. "Connective Learning as Teachers’ Approach to One’s Own Professional Development: The Case of Poland." Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education 11, no. 1 (21) (June 29, 2022): 189–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/mjse.2022.1121.10.
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Although the genesis of connectivism as a theory of learning in the digital age dates back to the early 2000s, in Polish pedagogy this concept remains relatively unknown, sparse in academic debates, and downright rare in empirical research. The main purpose of the article is to present the knowledge and opinions of Polish teachers regarding connectivism. To what extent do Polish teachers know the theory of connective learning? Which of its assumptions do they see as key? To what extent are they willing to apply these assumptions in practice as a path or tool for developing their own professional competences? These research questions were the basis for a survey, the presentation of which constitutes the backbone of this article. The research indicates a clear cognitive dissonance in the minds of the teachers surveyed: the gap between the perception of the potential values of connectivism and the ability/readiness to use its tools in their own learning. The summary of the text contains conclusions for in-service teacher training, which needs to be reorganized to include the most valuable connected learning instruments so as to provide teachers with the skills necessary for successful self-regulated learning in the digital age.
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Snetkov, A. I., S. V. Kolesov, A. P. Frantov, S. Yu Batrakov, S. A. Kudryakov, R. M. Efendiev, and M. L. Sazhnev. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TREATMENT OF THE EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA WITH VERTEBRAL INVOLVEMENT USING ORTHOPEDIC CORSET AND SURGICAL OPERATION." Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia 16, no. 2 (August 17, 2010): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21823/2311-2905-2010-0-2-136-139.
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The results of treatment of 72 patients with pathological fracture of vertebra bodies against eosinophilic granuloma a spine are analysed. Orthopedic corset technologies are used in treatment of 42 patients, surgical treatment was applied. Orthopedic corset may be used in patients with eosinophilic granuloma of backbone. This method of treatment was used in a case of the absence of spine secondary deformations and neurologic semiology. Orthopedic corset treatment is associated with long immobilization on the average within 1,5-2 years and never leads to a complete recovery of the damaged spine. Surgical treatment consists in use only at loss of height of a body to 30-40%, when destruction of spine more severe it is necessary to use operative treatment in two stages. Absolute indications to surgical treatment are the neurologic deficit and secondary deformations of a spine. Surgical treatment allows to reduce terms of treatment till 3-4 months and quickly to return the patient to an active life.
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Balaban, Osman, and Jose Antonio Puppim de Oliveira. "Finding sustainable mobility solutions for shrinking cities: the case of Toyama and Kanazawa." Journal of Place Management and Development 15, no. 1 (November 15, 2021): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-04-2021-0047.
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Purpose Shrinking population can have significant negative impacts on the social and economic fabric of a city. This paper aims to understand different urban transportation policies to respond to population decline in shrinking cities by examining two case studies of urban interventions in mid-size cities in Japan. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyzes the implementation of sustainable mobility strategies in the urban transport sector in the Japanese cities of Toyama and Kanazawa, which risk having their populations significantly reduced in the next decades. The analysis is based on case study research that uses the data and information collected through desk and field research. Interviews with local actors, as well as published policy and academic documents on the case studies provided critical data and information to analyze the case studies. Findings Both cities have tried to make urban mobility more sustainable via different strategies. Toyama used more structural changes, called the “sticks and dumplings” approach, having land use incentives and the Light Rail Transit reinforced by bus routes as the backbone of its strategy. Kanazawa relied on a city center revitalization plan to densify residential use in the city center. Practical implications More structural interventions are necessary to change the declining of shrinking cities, mitigating some of the negative effects. City administrations need to have clear policy priorities and should not allocate their limited resources to competing policy agendas. Originality/value The study is unique as it is one of the first efforts to analyze urban transportation interventions in shrinking cities in Japan.
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Cosacchi, Daniel. "Jesuit Pacifism: The Conversion of Daniel Berrigan." Journal of Jesuit Studies 8, no. 4 (September 3, 2021): 547–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-08040002.
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Abstract Among the Catholics who grew to prominence in the twentieth century, few matched the public witness of Daniel Berrigan (1921–2016). This paper will develop the topic of Berrigan’s use of the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius as the backbone of his pacifism. This paper’s approach will be threefold. First, it expands on the sparse scholarly work on Berrigan specifically as a Jesuit and a priest. Second, it examines Berrigan’s own conversion alongside Ignatius’s dramatic decision to lay down his weapons in Montserrat. Third, in light of this momentous development in Ignatius’s life, the article will examine whether such pacifism ought to be mandatory for Jesuits today (beyond the prohibition on clerics from bearing arms in warfare), taking the particular case of Berrigan and his triumphs and trials into consideration as an example.
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Moyo, T., and W. Musakwa. "RANKING NODES IN COMPLEX NETWORKS: A CASE STUDY OF THE GAUBUS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 5, 2019): 1333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-1333-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Connecting points of interest through a well-planned, inter-connected network provides manifold benefits to commuters and service providers. In the South African context, traffic congestion has become of great concern. Given how the South Africa community is slowly developing towards the use of multi-modes of mobility, the Gautrain network can be used to promote the use of multi-modes of mobility, as the Gautrain has been identified as the backbone of mobility within the Gauteng province. Currently commuters have the option to board the Gaubus (a form of Bus Rapid Transit) at their origin points which will take them to the Gautrain station to board the Gautrain. The problem to be solved arises when a commuter wishes to traverse from any bus stop to the Gautrain station, currently he/she only has one option and if the bus network has a shutdown at any point in the network the commuter’s journey will not be possible. In solving this problem, we consider the problem of graph robustness (that is creating new alternative routes to increase node/bus stop connectivity). We initial use Strava data, to identify locations were cyclist prefer to cycle and at what time of day. In graph theory, the nodes with most spreading ability are called influential nodes. Identification of most influential nodes and ranking them based on their spreading ability is of vital importance. Closeness centrality and betweenness are one of the most commonly used methods to identify influential nodes in complex networks. Using the Gaubus network we identify the influential nodes/ bus stops, using the betweenness centrality measure. The results reveal the influential nodes with the highest connectivity as these have cross-connections in the network. Identification of the influential nodes presents an important implication for future planning, accessibility, and, more generally, quality of life.</p>
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Liu, Fuyong, Chaohe Chen, and Wei Wu. "Towards the Building Information Modeling-Based Capital Project Lifecycle Management in the Luxury Yacht Industry." Polish Maritime Research 24, s3 (November 27, 2017): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2017-0103.
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Abstract It will be a new approach that BIM’s capital project lifecycle management (CPLM) applied to the yacht industry. This paper explored the feasibility of applying the principles and rationales of BIM for capital project lifecycle management in luxury yacht design, engineering, fabrication, construction and operation. The paper examined the premises and backbone technology of BIM. It then evaluated leading naval engineering and shipbuilding software applications and their development trends from the functional lens of BIM. To systematically investigate a BIM-based approach for capital project lifecycle management (CPLM) in the luxury yacht industry, the paper proposed and outlined an implementation framework. A case study and a student competition use case were discussed to delineate the core constituents and processes of the proposed framework. The case of BIM was reviewed. Through the domestic custom luxury yacht design and prototyping student competition, the application of this framework in educational research is demonstrated and the initial quantitative assessment of the framework is carried out. Conclusions: a BIM-based CPLM implementation framework can help the luxury yacht industry capitalize on the global transformation to an information-centric and data-driven new business paradigm in shipbuilding with integrated design, manufacturing and production.
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Cysek-Pawlak, Monika Maria. "Mixed use and diversity as a New Urbanism principle guiding the renewal of post-industrial districts." Urban Development Issues 57, no. 1 (June 27, 2018): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/udi-2018-0017.
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Abstract The revival of post-industrial areas, understood as a factor determining contemporary urban development, is a key process in regeneration. Such areas attract strategic renewal projects, because despite their perfect location next to city centres, they have long been inaccessible to city residents. The backbone of the projects is provided by programmes laying out the future functions of such areas and their target users. In the past, mono-functional districts were popular but their numerous weaknesses have meant that mixed use and diversity are increasingly being introduced into urban areas today. Mixed use and diversity underlie the urban design movement known as the New Urbanism. This article assesses the role of mixed-use and diversity as the New Urbanism principle guiding the renewal of post-industrial areas. It is based on desk research and a comparative analysis of two case studies: the Paris Rive Gauche (France) and the New Centre of Lodz (Poland). The article concludes that regeneration based on the New Urbanism principle of functional and user diversity leads to an effective renewal of run-down urban areas. The applicability of other New Urbanism principles stressing the need to ensure harmony between an urban design strategy and the human scale in the revival of urban neighbourhoods is also worth considering in the long term.
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Matt, Clemens, Florian Lombeck, Michael Sommer, and Till Biskup. "Impact of Side Chains of Conjugated Polymers on Electronic Structure: A Case Study." Polymers 11, no. 5 (May 13, 2019): 870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11050870.
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Processing from solution is a crucial aspect of organic semiconductors, as it is at the heart of the promise of easy and inexpensive manufacturing of devices. Introducing alkyl side chains is an approach often used to increase solubility and enhance miscibility in blends. The influence of these side chains on the electronic structure, although highly important for a detailed understanding of the structure-function relationship of these materials, is still barely understood. Here, we use time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy with its molecular resolution to investigate the role of alkyl side chains on the polymer PCDTBT and a series of its building blocks with increasing length. Comparing our results to the non-hexylated compounds allows us to distinguish four different factors determining exciton delocalization. Detailed quantum-chemical calculations (DFT) allows us to further interpret our spectroscopic data and to relate our findings to the molecular geometry. Alkylation generally leads to more localized excitons, most prominent only for the polymer. Furthermore, singlet excitons are more delocalized than the corresponding triplet excitons, despite the larger dihedral angles within the backbone found for the singlet-state geometries. Our results show TREPR spectroscopy of triplet excitons to be well suited for investigating crucial aspects of the structure-function relationship of conjugated polymers used as organic semiconductors on a molecular basis.
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Han, Hyungkyu, Stepan Kment, Anandarup Goswami, Ondrej Haderka, and Radek Zboril. "Directly grown TiO2 nanotubes on carbon nanofibers for photoelectrochemical water splitting." MRS Advances 1, no. 46 (2016): 3145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.401.
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ABSTRACTA variety of Titanium dioxide (TiO2) phases and nanostructures have been explored for their applications in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) for solar-driven water splitting. In this case, anatase phase and TiO2 nanotubes offer significant advantages especially for PEC-based applications. Though, significant efforts have already been engaged to combine the advantages from both the fields, poor activation and the high electron-hole pair recombination rate of TiO2 electrodes, originating from intrinsic physicochemical properties, limits its practical use. As an alternative, we report directly grown TiO2 nanotubes (synthesized on Fluorine doped Tin Oxide (FTO) via facile electrospinning technique) on carbon nanofibers, using hydrothermal method. The hierarchical branch type configuration has an intimate contact between the TiO2 nanotube and carbon nanofiber backbone and offers higher photocatalytic activity than their respective individual components (namely TiO2 nanotubes and carbon nanostructures).
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Perwein, Thomas, Barbara Giese, Gunther Nussbaumer, André O. von Bueren, Miriam van Buiren, Martin Benesch, and Christof Maria Kramm. "HGG-29. How I treat recurrent pediatric high-grade glioma (HGG): A Europe-wide survey study." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.244.
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Abstract PURPOSE: Prognosis of pediatric high-grade gliomas (pedHGG) is dismal, and there is no standard of care treatment in case of recurrence/progression. We aimed to gain an overview of different treatment strategies in the setting of recurrent/progressing pedHGG. METHODS: In a web-based questionnaire, members of the SIOPE-BTG and the GPOH were surveyed on different therapeutic options in four real-world case scenarios (children/adolescents with recurrent/progressing HGG). RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-nine clinicians with experience in pediatric neuro-oncology from 22 European countries participated in the survey. Most respondents preferred further active (multimodal) oncological treatment in three out of four cases and chose palliative care with pure symptom control measures only in one case (gliomatosis cerebri and marked symptoms). Depending on the case, 8-92% of experts would initiate a re-resection (maximal safe resection in case of localized hemispheric pedHGG), combined with molecular diagnostics, and 55-77% recommended (re-)irradiation, preferably local radiotherapy >20 Gy (or craniospinal irradiation in one case with disseminated spinal HGG, 65%). Throughout all case scenarios, most respondents would participate in clinical trials and use targeted therapy (79-99%), depending on molecular genetic findings (BRAF alterations: BRAF/MEK inhibitors, 64-88%; EGFR overexpression: anti-EGFR treatment, 46%; SMARCB1 deletion: EZH2 inhibitor, 12%). 31-72% would administer chemotherapy (CCNU, 17%; PCV, 8%; temozolomide, 19%; oral etoposide/trofosfamide, 8%), and 20-69% advocated immunotherapy (checkpoint inhibitors, 30%; tumor vaccines, 16%). Depending on the individual case, respondents would also include bevacizumab (6-18%), HDAC inhibitors (4-15%), tumor-treating fields (1-26%), and intraventricular chemotherapy (4-24%). CONCLUSIONS: In each case, experts would combine conventional multimodal treatment concepts, including re-irradiation, with targeted therapy based on molecular genetic findings. International cooperative trials combining a standard (chemo-)therapy backbone with targeted therapy approaches for defined subgroups may help to gain valid clinical data and improve treatment in pediatric patients with recurrent/progressive HGG.
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Kazi Tani, L. F., A. Ghomari, and M. Y. Kazi Tani. "EVENTS RECOGNITION FOR A SEMI-AUTOMATIC ANNOTATION OF SOCCER VIDEOS: A STUDY BASED DEEP LEARNING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W16 (September 17, 2019): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w16-135-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In this work, we propose an efficient way of web video annotation in soccer domain. To achieve this, it is necessary to enjoy different architectures of deep learning. We aim at realising a system of annotation able to recognise several events from information of the object that is the ball in our case, in order to fuse them as a part of actions in video. We propose to use Deep Neural Network (DNN) to detect ball and actions. However, Mask R-CNN can play a very important role for features extracted as an output using a training network on ImageNet dataset. The Mask R-CNN is chosen as a method using different CNN as backbone (convolutional Neural Network) ResNet50, ResNet101 and ResNet152, VGG16, VGG 19. We experimentally verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in the test phase.</p>
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Dousson, Cyril B. "Current and future use of nucleo(s)tide prodrugs in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection." Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy 26 (January 2018): 204020661875643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2040206618756430.
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This review describes the current state of discovery of past most important nucleoside and nucleotide prodrugs in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection as well as future potential drugs currently in discovery or clinical evaluation. I highlight first generation landmark prodrug compounds which have been the foundations of incremental improvements toward the discovery and approval milestone of Sofosbuvir. Sofosbuvir is the first nucleotide prodrug marketed for hepatitis C virus treatment and the backbone of current combination therapies. Since this approval, new nucleotide prodrugs using the same design of Sofosbuvir McGuigan prodrug have emerged, some of them progressing through advanced clinical trials and may become available as new incremental alternative hepatitis C virus treatments in the future. Although since Sofosbuvir success, only minimal design efforts have been invested in finding better liver targeted prodrugs, a few novel prodrugs are being studied and their different modes of activation may prove beneficial over the heart/liver targeting ratio to reduce potential drug–drug interaction in combination therapies and yield safer treatment to patients. Prodrugs have long been avoided as much as possible in the past by development teams due to their metabolism and kinetic characterization complexity, but with their current success in hepatitis C virus treatment, and the knowledge gained in this endeavor, should become a first choice in future tissue targeting drug discovery programs beyond the particular case of nucleos(t)ide analogs.
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Alayli, Sahar. "The Impact of Internal Control Practices on Fraud Prevention: The Case of Lebanese Small-Medium Enterprises." European Journal of Business and Management Research 7, no. 5 (October 10, 2022): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2022.7.5.1671.
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When compared to large corporations, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are far more likely to suffer from employee losses and much less likely to be able to absorb these losses. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are better able to handle internal control than large corporations. It appears that the people of Lebanon view this issue with sensitivity, it is rarely brought up in casual conversation. Since internal control is the main issue facing Lebanese businesses, they would rather not address it. Only 308 of 400 responders filled out the survey, and the results were evaluated with the use of the SPSS statistical package. Findings showed that businesses in the modern era urgently require monitoring systems, as new evidence shows that monitoring frameworks affect performance evaluations. The environment in which it operates shapes a company's management mindset. The monitoring setup provides the backbone upon which further layers of internal control may be built. Consequently, the study's subjects include the organizations' cultures and working styles and the ethics and ethical beliefs of the employees who create and execute controls. Many factors interact to maintain a stable ecosystem. A subset of the executive board and representatives from each board committee have been tasked with gathering the information necessary to complete this report at the request of the board of directors.
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Chege, Kennedy, and Mr J. Ntare. "ASSESSMENT OF ICT APPLICATION BY SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED ENTERPRISES IN THE KENYAN PROFESSIONAL SERVICE INDUSTRY: A CASE OF SMES LOCATED ALONG MPAKA ROAD (WESTLANDS)." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management 2, no. 1 (March 13, 2017): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jepm.132.
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Purpose: The study was an assessment of ICT application by small and medium sized enterprises in the Kenyan professional service industry, a case of SMEs located along Mpaka road (Westlands).Methodology: A descriptive survey design was used as it was appropriate for reporting the way things are. A population of 124 SMEs gave rise to a sample of 25 SMES (20% of population) which were selected on a stratified non random sampling technique. The data collection instrument was a self-report questionnaire and the data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. It was then presented using graphs and chartsResults: Findings in this study indicated that though majority of SMES used various forms of ICT, they did not have faxes and internet connection. In addition, the SMEs did not use a website as an advertising tool since they did not have one and also didn’t use faxes for transmitting documents such as quotations and invoices. The challenges facing ICT use by SMEs were financial in nature, infrastructural in nature and capacity (training in nature). Benefits accruing to SMEs were as delineated in literature review though regional expansion was not applicable to SMEs in the study.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that there should be facilitation of training through workshops and courses on ICT, bridging the financial gap for SMEs, improvement in infrastructure and the internet backbone and a policy frame work on SMEs. Areas of further studies included a relationship analysis between the use of ICT and the financial performance, customer satisfaction, and staff morale in the context of SMEs.
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Golightly, Lewis, Victor Chang, Qianwen Ariel Xu, Xianghua Gao, and Ben SC Liu. "Adoption of cloud computing as innovation in the organization." International Journal of Engineering Business Management 14 (January 2022): 184797902210939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/18479790221093992.
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Over the years, there has been a heavy reliance on cloud computing as IT has innovated through time. In recent times cloud computing has grown monumentally. Many organizations rely on this technology to perform their business as usual and use it as a backbone of their companies' IT infrastructure. This paper investigates the organizational adaptation for cloud computing technology - reviewing case studies from various institutions and companies worldwide to provide a detailed analysis of innovative techniques with cloud computing. We investigate the features and delivery approaches cloud computing offers and the potential challenges and constraints we face when adopting cloud computing into the business setting. We also explore the cybersecurity elements associated with cloud computing, focusing on intrusion detection and prevention and understanding how that can be applied in the cloud. Finally, we investigate the future research directions for cloud computing and expand this paper into further articles with experiments and results.
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Kafrawy, Mohamed, Sahar Attia, and Heba Allah Khalil. "The Impact of Transit-Oriented Development on Fast-Urbanizing Cities: Applied analytical study on Greater Cairo Region." Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs 6, no. 1 (September 8, 2021): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2022.v6n1-8.
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Transportation has always been the backbone of development. Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been theorized, piloted and expanded increasingly in the past few decades. In this regard, this paper investigates the relationship between urban development, the transportation process, and the required implementation guidelines within fast-urbanizing cities, such as Cairo. After reviewing different related sustainable development theories, the study investigates pioneering case studies that have applied TOD and provided adequate implementation frameworks. The authors then extract and compare a set of required policies. The current Egyptian development paradigm is then discussed in relation to these enabling policies, focusing on Greater Cairo Region, Egypt. The authors debate previous development plans, progress, and newly proposed ones, focusing on the transportation process as the means for development. The study concludes with a set of required guidelines to ensure the integration of transportation with land-use planning, thus ensuring a more prosperous and inclusive urban development.
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Helena Jaén, María, Ezequiel Reficco, and Marcela Ossa. "Can civility be taught to Latin-American MBAs? Implications of case-method use for the development of civic behaviour in managerial education." Management Decision 52, no. 9 (October 14, 2014): 1833–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-08-2013-0424.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the formative potential of the case method on MBA students’ “civility” – the procedural dimension of the ethics field. While a robust literature has focussed on the impact of teaching ethics (content) on students’ behavior, to-date no study has explored the link between the pedagogy used (method) and students behavioral dispositions. Design/methodology/approach – A thorough theory review was conducted, covering the different pedagogy literatures that frame the discussion on the link between learning methods and ethics in general, and civic-minded behavior in particular. Drawing on relevant findings from these literatures, some implications are drawn, and tentative propositions are laid out. Findings – The study seeks to readdress the existing imbalance between the cognitive and the formative aspects of education, placing emphasis on the latter. The paper proposes that, other things being equal, MBA programs that make intensive and systematic use of the case method will foster civility among students. Through the iterative practices embedded in the case method, students internalize a number of behavioral predispositions that form the basis of civic behavior. Practical implications – This paper calls for an approach in managerial education that goes beyond the transmission of knowledge. In particular, the paper emphasize the importance of seeing the MBA as “little schools of democracy,” where civic-oriented inclinations can take root in future business leaders. This finding carries substantial implications for business schools and professors, in Latin America and beyond. Originality/value – The transmission of technical knowledge has traditionally been considered the backbone of managerial education – a purely cognitive process. This paper, on the other hand, seeks to highlight the transformative potential of the MBA through the use of the appropriate learning methodologies - the case method in particular. By focussing on the concept of civility, the paper seek to go beyond the prevailing focus on content among ethics scholars and highlight the relevance of habits as a necessary first step on the shaping of civic-minded business leaders. This paper adds a much needed missing link between learning methods and civic behavior.
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Tewary, Sweta, Yumna Indorewala, Nicole Cook, Naushira Pandya, Sashah Damier, and Assma Twahir. "Learning best practices for educating a caregiving workforce." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3101.
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Abstract It is well established that the health professional workforce is not adequately prepared to meet the demands of an aging older population. Caregivers are often the backbone supplemental workforce for seniors, providing daily care with assistance with activities of daily living, with little training. Part of the mission of the South Florida Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program (SFGWEP) is to support and empower caregivers through community based training programs. Between January 1 2020 to January 31, 2021 SFGWEP provided education to more than 340 caregivers on topics related to opioid use, effective communication with individuals with dementia and other topics. Attendees responded to a short evaluation survey, which included three multiple-choice questions on if attending was a good use of their time, if they gained knowledge and if they plan to apply material, and two open-ended questions to identify opportunities for improvement in future trainings. Responses were overwhelmingly positive (>98% for multiple-choice questions.) There were also three open-ended questions that were analyzed using a modified thematic approach. The three questions covered what attendees learned, what they wanted to learn more about and suggestions for improvement. Analysis suggests that attendees plan to be more mindful about communication (e.g. improve eye contact, listen more) and that they want more information on neurocognitive disorders and resent research, including psychological changes due to disease and medication side effects. In terms of improvement, attendees said the program should allow more time for questions and should use more engaging materials (polls, posters, flyers and case studies).
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López-Menchero Bendicho, Víctor Manuel, Ángel Marchante Ortega, Matthew Vincent, Ángel Javier Cárdenas Martín-Buitrago, and Jorge Onrubia Pintado. "Uso combinado de la fotografía digital nocturna y de la fotogrametría en los procesos de documentación de petroglifos: el caso de Alcázar de San Juan (Ciudad Real, España)." Virtual Archaeology Review 8, no. 17 (July 26, 2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2017.6820.
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For decades, the documentation of rock art has been the backbone of the research on this cultural practice. However, traditional techniques used for this purpose have proved to be imprecise and subjective. With the advent of the digital age there has been a revolution in the field of rock art documentation in general and in particular for petroglyphs. Techniques such as digital nightlight photography or three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetry have opened a world of possibilities. In the case of nightlight photography, its use goes back to the second half of the 20th century. However, in recent years the emergence of high-power digital cameras along with new lighting systems unthinkable decades ago, such as tactical flashlights, have rejuvenated a technique that seems incombustible. After the numerous tests carried out by the DIPAR (Integral Rock Art Documentation System) project team, it has become evident that, correctly employed, this technique still has immense potential in the field of rock art documentation, especially if we take into consideration its low cost and ease of use. Photogrammetry, on the other hand, is shown as the perfect complement to the records obtained through digital nightlight photography. The possibility of applying filters or shaders that increase the visibility of the digitized petroglyphs, within a metric scheme, is a great advance in their documentation. This paper explores the advantages associated with these techniques with a case study: unpublished petroglyphs of Alcázar de San Juan (Spain).
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Thouvenin, Laure, Timothée Olivier, Giuseppe Banna, Alfredo Addeo, and Alex Friedlaender. "Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced aseptic meningitis and encephalitis: a case-series and narrative review." Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety 12 (January 2021): 204209862110047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20420986211004745.
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Background: Along with the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors comes a surge in immune-related toxicity. Here, we review the currently available data regarding neurological immune adverse events, and more specifically aseptic meningitis and encephalitis, and present treatment and diagnostic recommendations. Furthermore, we present five cases of immunotherapy-induced aseptic meningitis and encephalitis treated at our institution. Recent findings: Neurological immune-related adverse events, including aseptic meningitis and encephalitis, secondary to checkpoint inhibitors are a rare but complex and clinically relevant entity, comprising a wide range of diseases, most often presenting with symptoms with a wide range of differential diagnoses. Our case-series highlights the challenges of such entities and the importance of properly identifying and managing aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Summary: Checkpoint inhibitor-induced meningoencephalitis warrants prompt investigations and treatment. Properly diagnosing aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, or mixed presentations may guide the treatment decision, as highlighted by our case-series. After rapid exclusion of alternative diagnoses, urgent corticosteroids are the therapeutic backbone but this could change in favour of highly specific cytokine-directed treatment options. Plain language summary Aseptic meningitis and encephalitis with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a single centre case-series and review of the literature Over the course of the past decade, checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer care. With their favourable toxicity profile and potential for durable and deep responses, they have become ubiquitous across the field of oncology. Furthermore, combination checkpoint inhibitors are also gaining ground, with increased efficacy and, unfortunately, immune-related toxicity. While there are guidelines based on extensive clinical experience for frequent adverse events, uncommon entities are less readily identified and treated. Neurological immune-related adverse events secondary to checkpoint inhibitors are a rare but complex entity, comprising a wide range of diseases, most often presenting with aspecific symptoms. In this paper, we discuss a single institution case-series of patients with autoimmune aseptic meningitis and encephalitis, and we perform a narrative literature review on this subject. We conclude with our treatment recommendations based on available evidence.
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Golcarenarenji, Gelayol, Ignacio Martinez-Alpiste, Qi Wang, and Jose Maria Alcaraz-Calero. "Machine-learning-based top-view safety monitoring of ground workforce on complex industrial sites." Neural Computing and Applications 34, no. 6 (October 22, 2021): 4207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-06489-3.
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AbstractTelescopic cranes are powerful lifting facilities employed in construction, transportation, manufacturing and other industries. Since the ground workforce cannot be aware of their surrounding environment during the current crane operations in busy and complex sites, accidents and even fatalities are not avoidable. Hence, deploying an automatic and accurate top-view human detection solution would make significant improvements to the health and safety of the workforce on such industrial operational sites. The proposed method (CraneNet) is a new machine learning empowered solution to increase the visibility of a crane operator in complex industrial operational environments while addressing the challenges of human detection from top-view on a resource-constrained small-form PC to meet the space constraint in the operator’s cabin. CraneNet consists of 4 modified ResBlock-D modules to fulfill the real-time requirements. To increase the accuracy of small humans at high altitudes which is crucial for this use-case, a PAN (Path Aggregation Network) was designed and added to the architecture. This enhances the structure of CraneNet by adding a bottom-up path to spread the low-level information. Furthermore, three output layers were employed in CraneNet to further improve the accuracy of small objects. Spatial Pyramid Pooling (SPP) was integrated at the end of the backbone stage which increases the receptive field of the backbone, thereby increasing the accuracy. The CraneNet has achieved 92.59% of accuracy at 19 FPS on a portable device. The proposed machine learning model has been trained with the Standford Drone Dataset and Visdrone 2019 to further show the efficacy of the smart crane approach. Consequently, the proposed system is able to detect people in complex industrial operational areas from a distance up to 50 meters between the camera and the person. This system is also applicable to the detection of any other objects from an overhead camera.
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Sengar, Anita, Vinay Sharma, and Rajat Agrawal. "Market development through integrating value chains – a case of Patanjali Food and Herbal Park." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 7, no. 4 (August 28, 2017): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-12-2016-0225.
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Subject area Market development. Study level/applicability This case is intended to be used in strategic management, operations management for both undergraduate and graduate courses. It can also be used for value innovation and market development. Case overview This case focuses on market development by Patanjali, a fast-growing organization crossing US$1bn of sales in five years of time span and declaring a target of doubling this figure in the financial year 2016-2017 (to reach US$1,500m). The prime focus of Patanjali is the health food segment based on herbal and Ayurveda science through the use of organically grown agricultural produce by integrating the associated value chains while radically benefitting all the stakeholders in a two-way process as suppliers as well as buyers/consumers. The fundamental context of the case is associated with the value chain development in terms of value addition on the basis of the organizational and leadership values in all the elements of the value chain of Patanjali products starting from suppliers to customers. The case emphasizes the role of the Patanjali Food & Herbal park in the value chain. Patanjali Food & Herbal Park is constantly striving for nation building more than profit accumulation. They have created a sustainable business benefiting all the stakeholders. The backbone of the Patanjali Food & Herbal Park lies in robust backward linkage and forward linkage. The context of the case presents an account of how the values based integration of the value chain is a strategic advantage and safeguards an organization from business environment threats. Expected learning outcomes The context of the case presents an account of how values based integration of the value chain is a strategic advantage and safeguard an organization from business environment threats. The case has a deep-rooted theoretical association with models like Porter’s Five Forces model on the one hand and also exemplifies how an organization can use blue ocean strategy through value-based value innovation. The context of the Black Swan perspective also emerges in the narration. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.
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Gupta, U., B. Agarwal, and N. Nautiyal. "Financial Technology Adoption – A Case of Indian MSMEs." Finance: Theory and Practice 26, no. 6 (December 31, 2022): 192–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-6-192-211.
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Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME) are the backbone of every economy. Financial inclusion of MSMEs is essential for any country aspiring to economic development. Innovative solutions offered by fintech companies can support the financial inclusion of MSMEs. Digital payments, alternative loans, insurance, investments, regulatory, and robo-advisory services are just a few of the services that fintech companies provide to MSMEs. The purpose of this studyis to examine the role of financial technology on registered micro, small, and medium enterprises in India. The objective of the study is to reveal the behaviour of MSMEs towards financial technology acceptance and show how various demographic variables of owners/managers influence the acceptance of financial technology in the case of MSMEs. The methodological basis of the study is a management survey of 117 MSMEs in India. The questionnaire had 25 questions; measurement items used in the questionnaire were derived from previous studies carried out in developing countries. The results were processed and tested for significance using modern econometric methods such as the Kruskal-Wallis H test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. The result of the study indicates that the financial technology acceptance rate among the MSME sector is high as maximum MSMEs consider themselves moderate financial technology adopters. MSMEs have a high understanding of different financial services provided by fintech companies. Prior Experience of the owner/manager, brand familiarity, government support, and behavioural variables such as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trust, and satisfaction was proved to be effective while adopting financial technology services whereas, demographic variables such as gender, age, education level of owner/manager was found to be ineffective. The study concludes that fintech companies are providing quality services by acting as a single window, supporting the financial needs of MSMEs at low interest rates, simplified processes and lower transaction costs. MSMEs are using fintech products and services as a key part of their financial management, with increasing adoption there is a growing opportunity for fintech companies, incumbents, and non-financial organisations. The result of the study contributes to the novel understanding of the acceptance and preference of the MSME sector towards financial technology.
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Abadiyah, Rifdah. "Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Kompensasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kinerja Pegawai Bank di Surabaya." JBMP (Jurnal Bisnis, Manajemen dan Perbankan) 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jbmp.v2i1.837.
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Along with the bank's growth in Indonesia, one of the problems faced by the world is handling domestic banks that are now on the quality of human resources. Because human resources are the backbone of the operating activities of wheels and the survival of a company. In this case oriented to customer satisfaction and service organization of Bank Syariah Mandiri Surabaya CFBC Division there are also aspects of cultural values and compensation to improve morale and satisfy the desires of employees. The approach in this study is a quantitative approach, which used the data type is the kind of quantitative data. Data collection techniques performed by researchers are using questionnaires. The population in this study are employees on Shariah Bank Mandiri as many as 30 people. Teknik data analysts use Structural Equation Model-Partial Lest Square (SEM-PLS). The results showed that 1) organizational culture influence on job satisfaction. (2) Organizational culture influence on performance (3) Job satisfaction terhaap affect performance (4) Compensation effect on job satisfaction (5) Compensation effect on performance.
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Cibian, Mihaela, Sofia Derossi, Denis Spasyuk, Janaina Ferreira, and Garry Hanan. "Hydrogen bonding patterns in hydroxyamidine/α-aminonitrone (AMOX) type compounds." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314094601.
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N,N'-Disubstituted hydroxyamidines/ α-aminonitrones (AMOXs) present high steric and electronic modularity (substituents can be varied on the central C atom and/or on the N atoms) resulting in precise electronic tunability, enhanced by the delocalization on the amidine backbone. They are good chelating ligands, forming stable 5-membered chelate rings with metal ions, and they also present hydrogen bonding capacity. [1] In our research, we exploit these properties by investigating their incorporation into supramolecular assemblies based on coordination chemistry and/ or hydrogen bonding. Herein, we present the synthesis and the structural characterization of different mono- and bis-AMOX type compounds. [2] The analysis of the hydrogen bonding patterns found in each case is highlighted (Figure 1), in an effort to identify factors (e.g. substituent effects: sterics and/ or electronics, other type of supramolecular interactions) that are generating specific hydrogen-bonding patterns. Understanding and rationalizing such a cause – effect relationship is of paramount importance in order to efficiently use hydrogen bonding as a crystal engineering design tool. Figure 1. Type of hydrogen bonding pattern in AMOX type compounds. [3]
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Beard, Jennifer, Ryann Monteiro, Mahogany B. Price-Oreyomi, Vanessa Boland Edouard, and Mary Murphy-Phillips. "Lessons Learned From a Peer Writing Coach Program in a School of Public Health." Public Health Reports 135, no. 5 (July 31, 2020): 700–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354920939562.
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Clear writing is a critical component of public health research and practice. The ability to convey information in a concise, engaging, and insightful manner influences stakeholder engagement and is the backbone of program and policy development, organization, and implementation. To help master of public health (MPH) students adapt their writing skills to these specialized demands, Boston University School of Public Health launched the Peer Writing Coach Program in 2010 staffed by MPH students. The service is open to all students enrolled in public health classes. They can schedule up to 2 appointments per assignment for both individual and team papers. Student use increased from 55 appointments in academic year 2010-2011 (the first year of the program) to 767 appointments in academic year 2017-2018. For the 2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 academic years, 1128 (74%) of 1530 appointment requests asked for assistance “writing clearly and concisely,” 886 (58%) for assistance “organizing and synthesizing main points of argument,” and 529 (35%) for assistance “tailoring writing for a specific audience.” This case study describes the rationale for creating the program, outlines the chronology of its development since 2010, and provides an overview of peer coach training, student use, and lessons learned as we addressed logistical challenges.
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Maguire, Jack B., Daniele Grattarola, Vikram Khipple Mulligan, Eugene Klyshko, and Hans Melo. "XENet: Using a new graph convolution to accelerate the timeline for protein design on quantum computers." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 9 (September 27, 2021): e1009037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009037.
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Graph representations are traditionally used to represent protein structures in sequence design protocols in which the protein backbone conformation is known. This infrequently extends to machine learning projects: existing graph convolution algorithms have shortcomings when representing protein environments. One reason for this is the lack of emphasis on edge attributes during massage-passing operations. Another reason is the traditionally shallow nature of graph neural network architectures. Here we introduce an improved message-passing operation that is better equipped to model local kinematics problems such as protein design. Our approach, XENet, pays special attention to both incoming and outgoing edge attributes. We compare XENet against existing graph convolutions in an attempt to decrease rotamer sample counts in Rosetta’s rotamer substitution protocol, used for protein side-chain optimization and sequence design. This use case is motivating because it both reduces the size of the search space for classical side-chain optimization algorithms, and allows larger protein design problems to be solved with quantum algorithms on near-term quantum computers with limited qubit counts. XENet outperformed competing models while also displaying a greater tolerance for deeper architectures. We found that XENet was able to decrease rotamer counts by 40% without loss in quality. This decreased the memory consumption for classical pre-computation of rotamer energies in our use case by more than a factor of 3, the qubit consumption for an existing sequence design quantum algorithm by 40%, and the size of the solution space by a factor of 165. Additionally, XENet displayed an ability to handle deeper architectures than competing convolutions.
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Affif, Amirul, and Saadiah Mohamad. "An Empirical Investigation into SMEs’ Perceptions of Credit Guarantee Corporation (CGC ) Malaysia Berhad: A Case Study of the Islamic Guarantee Scheme in Malaysia." ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 2, no. 2 (December 15, 2010): 101–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.55188/ijif.v2i2.107.
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Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) are considered the backbone of most economies, whether developing or developed, due to their contributions to national output and employment. In Malaysia, the government has formulated various strategies to enhance the development of SMEs. One such strategy resulted in the formation of the Credit Guarantee Corporation, whose responsibility is to be a loan guarantor for the SMEs. The phenomenal rise of Islamic banking and finance in the global market in recent years has prompted many financial institutions in Malaysia to start offering a line of Shari'ah-compliant products in their effort to tap into the latest market opportunities. SMEs now have a choice whether to take up Islamic loans and various other innovative Shari'ah-compliant products or to use the conventional products in financing their business. This paper reports an empirical study on the use of Islamic credit guarantee schemes among SMEs in Malaysia and analyses data from 87 respondents out of a total of 300 questionnaires sent. The study investigates factors that explain their choice of the Islamic finance guarantee scheme as opposed to conventional ones offered by the CGC, their perceptions on the quality of services provided and on the expected role of the government. The study reveals that there is still a low level of awareness and usage of Islamic guarantee schemes among the respondents. This empirical study represents an early investigation into Islamic guarantee schemes among the SMEs in Malaysia. The findings on the variables that influence their demand obtained from this study have practical implications for the government and the service providers in terms of product formulation and development, incentives, tax and policy creation.